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WO2019034021A1 - 一种异系统互操作的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种异系统互操作的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019034021A1
WO2019034021A1 PCT/CN2018/100292 CN2018100292W WO2019034021A1 WO 2019034021 A1 WO2019034021 A1 WO 2019034021A1 CN 2018100292 W CN2018100292 W CN 2018100292W WO 2019034021 A1 WO2019034021 A1 WO 2019034021A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network element
message
terminal
management network
access management
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Application number
PCT/CN2018/100292
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
辛阳
吴晓波
崇卫微
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201710977703.3A external-priority patent/CN109391932A/zh
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2019034021A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019034021A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/18—Selecting a network or a communication service

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of information technology, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for interoperating different systems.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method and an apparatus for inter-system interoperability, which are used to solve the problem that the existing inter-system interoperation signaling is large and the operation is complicated.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for inter-system interoperability, the method includes: the terminal first sending a first message to an access management network element of the first communications network, where the first message includes a first indication Information and second indication information, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal supports the first non-access stratum NAS of the first communication network and the second NAS of the second communication network, the second indication information Instructing the terminal to support registration of a single network, that is, the terminal notifies the network side of its own network capability, and then the first access management network element of the first communication network sends the first message to the terminal.
  • the response message of the first message includes information about whether an interface exists between the first access management network element and the second access management network element of the second communication network.
  • the terminal can perform the corresponding interoperability policy according to the existence of the interface on the network side.
  • the terminal can save the tracking area update (TAU) process.
  • the first communication network and the second communication network belong to two types of networks of different communication systems, for example, interoperability between the 5G system and the 4G system.
  • the terminal when the terminal determines that the interface does not exist according to the first response message, the terminal directly sends a registration request message to the second access management network element, because the registration request message further includes the handover indication information, so The terminal can switch to the second communication network. That is to say, if the terminal determines that there is no interface, the terminal directly switches to the target network, which obviously reduces the handover delay and ensures the continuity of the terminal service.
  • the first access management device selects a user management network element supporting the second communication network as much as possible. For example, after receiving the first message, the AMF selects to support the HSS.
  • the function of the UDM, so that the first response message fed back by the first access management device to the terminal further includes whether the user data management network element selected by the first access management network element supports the information of the second communication network, such that When the terminal determines that the user data management network element selected by the first access management network element in the first response message does not support the second communication network, and the two conditions that do not exist the interface satisfy one of the two conditions, the terminal may directly
  • the second communication network initiates a registration request and switches to the second communication network.
  • the above process is a process in which the terminal initiates registration with the network side.
  • the terminal can also inform the network side of its own network capability, and the network side can also feedback its own network support situation.
  • the terminal further performs a corresponding interoperation policy according to the support situation of the network side interoperation. Specifically, the terminal initiates a second message to the first access management network element, where the second message is used to request to establish a session.
  • the first access management network element feeds back the second response message of the second message to the terminal, where the second response message includes the session management network element, the policy control network element, and the user in the first communication network.
  • the terminal can learn the support situation of the network side compared with the prior art.
  • the terminal can switch in time instead of the existing one. The technology continues to try, so that the terminal side can make corresponding strategies according to the interoperability support situation on the network side, saving signaling. Mutual process.
  • the terminal determines, according to the second response message, at least the access management network element, the session management network element, the policy control network element, and the user plane network element in the first communication network. a message that does not support the second communication network; and when the terminal determines that the two conditions of the interface do not exist according to the first response message, the terminal sends a registration request to the second access management network element.
  • the message includes the handover indication information in the registration request message.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for inter-system interoperability, where the method is performed by a first access management network element, where the method includes: first receiving, by a first access management network element of the first communication network a first message from the terminal, where the first message includes first indication information and a second indication, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal supports the first non-access stratum NAS of the first communication network.
  • the second indication information indicates that the terminal supports the registration capability of the single network; and then the first access management network element sends the first response message of the first message to the terminal, where The first response message includes information about whether an interface exists between the first access management network element and the second access management network element of the second communication network.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for inter-system interoperability, the method is performed by a first session management network element, where the method includes: the session management network element in the first communication network first receives the first communication a third message sent by the access management network element in the network, where the third message includes first indication information and second indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal supports the first communication network.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal supports a single network registration capability, and then the session management network element is in accordance with the third message
  • the policy control network element supporting the second communication network and/or the user plane network element supporting the second communication network are selected in the first communication network.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for inter-system interoperability, which is performed by a first session management network element, where the method includes: receiving, by a first access network element of a first communication network, a terminal An access request message, where the access request message includes first indication information and second indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal supports the first non-access stratum NAS of the first communication network. And the second NAS of the second communication network, where the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal supports the registration capability of the single network;
  • the first access network element selects an access management network element having an interface with the access management network element of the second communication network in the first communication network according to the access request message.
  • the terminal can perform a corresponding interoperation strategy according to the existence of the interface on the network side, and the process of initiating the TAU by the terminal can be saved compared with the prior art.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a device for inter-system interoperability, the device having a function for implementing terminal behavior in the method example of the first aspect above.
  • the functions may be implemented by hardware or by corresponding software implemented by hardware.
  • the hardware or the software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions described above.
  • the structure of the device includes a receiving unit, a sending unit, and a determining unit, and the units may perform the corresponding functions in the foregoing method examples.
  • the units may perform the corresponding functions in the foregoing method examples. For details, refer to the detailed description in the method example, which is not described herein.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a device for inter-system interoperability, which has the function of implementing the behavior of the first access management network element in the foregoing method example.
  • the functions may be implemented by hardware or by corresponding software implemented by hardware.
  • the hardware or the software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions described above.
  • the structure of the device includes a receiving unit, a sending unit, and a processing unit, and the units may perform corresponding functions in the foregoing method examples.
  • the units may perform corresponding functions in the foregoing method examples.
  • the detailed description in the method example which is not described herein.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal, where the terminal has a function of implementing terminal behavior in the method example of the foregoing first aspect.
  • the functions can be implemented in hardware.
  • the structure of the terminal includes a communication interface, a processor, and a memory, and the processor calls an instruction stored in the memory to execute the above method.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an access management network element, where the access management network element has the function of implementing the behavior of the access management network element in the foregoing method of the second aspect.
  • the functions can be implemented in hardware.
  • the structure of the terminal includes a communication interface, a processor, and a memory, and the processor calls an instruction stored in the memory to execute the above method.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium, where the software program stores a software program, where the software program can implement the first aspect or the first one when being read and executed by one or more processors. Any of the aspects provided by the design.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the inter-system interoperability method described in the above aspects or various possible implementations.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides A heterogeneous system interoperation method, the method comprising: a first access management network element of a first communication network first determining that a terminal has registered with the first communication network and a second communication network; and then the first access management The network element sends a fourth message from the terminal to the session management network element of the first communication network, where the fourth message is used to request to establish a session, and the fourth message includes the first access management network.
  • the session management network element of the visited place needs to inform the session management network element of the home location to support the single registration, and the session management network element of the home location knows the situation and is in the PDU session.
  • the corresponding home network SM context needs to be established. For example, in the 5G to 4G handover process, the AMF can transmit the established 4G SM context to the MME through the N26 interface to ensure the continuity of the terminal service.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for inter-system interoperation, the method includes: the session management network element of the first communication network first determines that the terminal has completed registration in the first communication network and the second communication network, where The session management network element supports the first communication network and the second communication network, and then the session management network element receives a fourth message from a first access management network element of the first communication network.
  • the fourth message is used to request to establish a session, and the fourth message includes the first access management network element supporting a registration capability of a single network in the first communication network; finally, the session management network element is The first access management network element sends a response message of the fourth message, where the response message includes session management context information of the terminal in the second communication network.
  • the method further includes:
  • the session management network element sends a fifth message to the policy control network element, where the fifth message includes the first access management network element supporting the registration capability of the single network in the first communication network;
  • the session management network element receives a response message from the fifth message of the policy control network element, and the response message of the fifth message includes a policy and charging control PCC of the terminal in the first communication network. Rules and PCC rules of the terminal in the second communication network. The purpose of this is that the session management network element notifies the other network elements in time to support the registration capability of the single registration.
  • the session management network element first generates the terminal according to a PCC rule of the terminal in the first communication network and a PCC rule of the terminal in the second communication network. a first quality of service parameter of the first communication network and a second quality of service parameter of the terminal in the second communication network; the session management network element then transmitting the first to the first access management network element The quality of service parameter and the second quality of service parameter.
  • the purpose of this is that the session management network element feeds back the information about the registration capabilities of other network element support single registrations to the access management network element in time.
  • the visited session management network element first sends a sixth message to the home session management network element in the first communication network, where the sixth message includes the first access
  • the management network element supports the registration capability of the single network in the first communication network; then the visited session management network element receives the response message of the sixth message from the home session management network element, and the response message of the sixth message is Include the session management context information of the terminal in the second communication network, so that the visited session management network element can obtain the session management context information required by the terminal from the home session management network element, thereby smoothly starting from the first
  • the communication network migrates to the second communication network.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a heterogeneous system interoperation method, where the method includes: the policy control network element of the first communication network first determines that the terminal has completed registration in the first communication network and the second communication network, The policy control network element receives a fifth message sent by the session management network element of the first communication network, where the fifth message is used to request to send policy information, and the fifth message includes the first interface
  • the management network element supports the registration capability of the single network in the first communication network, and the policy control network element sends a response message of the fifth message to the session management network element, where the response message of the fifth message includes A policy and charging control PCC rule applicable to the first communication network and a PCC rule applicable to the second communication network.
  • the purpose of this is also to ensure that the interoperation is normal when the UE is roaming, and the UE supports dual registration on the home network, but the visited network of the UE supports single registration.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for inter-system interoperation, the method comprising: receiving, by an access management network element of a first communication network of a visited place of a terminal, a terminal from the terminal a seventh message, the seventh message is used to establish a packet data unit session; the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place determines an interoperability of the first communication network of the visited place; the visit The access management network element of the first communication network of the ground sends an eighth message to the first communication network of the home location of the terminal, where the eighth message is used to establish the packet data unit session, and the eighth message includes The interoperability.
  • the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited location determines the interoperability of the first communication network of the visited place, including: the visit
  • the access management network element of the first communication network of the ground has an interface between the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place and the access management network element of the second communication network of the visited place. The ability of the first communication network of the visited place to support single-network registration of the terminal.
  • the method further includes: an access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place receives, from a first communication network of the home location, a first communication network and a location of the terminal addressed to the terminal at the visited place The first session management context information in the second communication network of the visited place.
  • the method further includes: receiving, by the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place, the terminal of the access network device that is sent to the first communication network of the visited place from the first communication network of the home location The first communication network of the visited place and the second session management context information of the second communication network of the visited place.
  • the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited location determines the interoperability of the first communication network of the visited location, including: the visit The access management network element of the first communication network of the ground determines that there is no interface between the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place and the access management network element of the second communication network of the visited place.
  • the first communication network of the visited place supports the terminal's ability to register with a dual network.
  • the method further includes: the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place receives the session management context information of the terminal in the first communication network of the visited place only from the first communication network of the home location.
  • the method further includes: the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place sends the indication information to the access network device of the first communication network of the visited place, where the indication information is used to indicate the number of the visited place The ability of a communication network to support dual network registration for the terminal.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for inter-system interoperation, the method comprising: a session management network element of a first communication network of a home location of a terminal receiving a first communication of a visited place of the terminal An eighth message sent by the access management network element of the network, the eighth message is used to establish a packet data unit session, and the eighth message includes an interoperation capability of the first communication network of the visited place; the session management The network element sends a response message of the eighth message to the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place.
  • the interoperability capability includes an ability of the first communication network of the visited place to support a single network registration of the terminal.
  • the response message of the eighth message includes: the first communication network that is sent to the terminal at the visited place and the first visited network The first session management context information in the second communication network.
  • the response message of the eighth message includes: the terminal of the access network device that is sent to the first communication network of the visited place at the visited place The second communication management context information in the first communication network and the second communication network of the visited place.
  • the interoperability includes an ability of the first communication network of the visited place to support dual network registration of the terminal.
  • the response message of the eighth message includes: session management context information of the terminal only in the first communication network of the visited place.
  • the response message of the eighth message includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate that the first communication network of the visited place accesses the visited place The network device sends the interoperability.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus for inter-system interoperation, including: a transceiver unit, configured to receive a seventh message from a terminal, where the seventh message is used to establish a packet data unit session; a unit, configured to determine an interoperability of the first communication network of the visited place of the terminal; the transceiver unit is further configured to send an eighth message to the first communication network of the home location of the terminal, the eighth message And for establishing the packet data unit session, the eighth message includes the interoperability.
  • a transceiver unit configured to receive a seventh message from a terminal, where the seventh message is used to establish a packet data unit session
  • a unit configured to determine an interoperability of the first communication network of the visited place of the terminal
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send an eighth message to the first communication network of the home location of the terminal, the eighth message And for establishing the packet data unit session, the eighth message includes the interoperability.
  • the processing unit determines that the interface exists between the device that interoperates with the different system and the access management network element of the second communication network of the visited place. The ability of the first communication network of the visited place to support single-network registration of the terminal.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive, by the first communication network of the home location, the first terminal that is sent to the terminal at the visited place The first session management context information in the communication network and the second communication network of the visited place.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive, by the first communication network of the home location, an access network device that is sent to the first communication network of the visited place And the second session management context information of the terminal in the first communication network of the visited place and the second communication network of the visited place.
  • the processing unit determines that there is no interface between the device that interoperates with the different system and the access management network element of the second communication network of the visited place
  • the first communication network of the visited place supports the terminal's ability to register with a dual network.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive only the session of the terminal sent by the first communication network of the home location in the first communication network of the visited place Manage context information.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send the indication information to the access network device of the first communication network of the visited location, where the indication information is used to indicate the visit The ability of the first communication network of the ground to support dual network registration for the terminal.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus for interoperating with different systems, including: a transceiver unit and a processing unit, where the processing unit is configured to receive, by using the transceiver unit, a first communication network of a visited place of the terminal.
  • the eighth message sent by the access management network element, the eighth message is used to establish a packet data unit session, and the eighth message includes interoperability of the first communication network of the visited place; And transmitting, by the transceiver unit, a response message of the eighth message to an access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place.
  • the interoperability capability includes an ability of the first communication network of the visited place to support a single network registration of the terminal.
  • the response message of the eighth message includes the first communication network of the terminal addressed to the terminal at the visited place and the second visited place The first session management context information in the communication network.
  • the response message of the eighth message includes the terminal of the access network device that is sent to the first communication network of the visited place at the visited place A communication session and second session management context information in the second communication network of the visited place.
  • the interoperability capability includes an ability of the first communication network of the visited place to support dual network registration of the terminal.
  • the response message of the eighth message includes: session management context information of the terminal only in the first communication network of the visited place.
  • the response message of the eighth message includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate that the first communication network of the visited place accesses the visited place The network device sends the interoperability.
  • a sixteenth aspect of the present application provides an apparatus for inter-system interoperability, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory for storing program instructions; and the processor for calling the memory stored in the memory
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium, where the software program stores a software program, and when the software program is read and executed by one or more processors, the first aspect, the foregoing The method provided by any one of the nine aspects, the tenth aspect to the thirteenth aspect.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the different system interoperability methods described in the above aspects or various possible implementations.
  • the terminal sends the network capability of the network to the network side in advance, and the network side feedbacks the interoperability support status of the network side according to the network capability of the terminal.
  • the corresponding policy can be timely implemented according to the network side interoperation support situation, that is, when the terminal determines that the network side supports the interoperation, the current first communication network can be used to obtain the subscription context information of the UE of the target second communication network, and then migrate.
  • the terminal determines that the network side does not support, it will not continue to try in the current first communication network, but directly initiate registration to the target second communication network, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the delay and ensuring the continuity of the terminal service.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heterogeneous system interoperation architecture according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for inter-system interoperation in a registration process according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for inter-system interoperation in a session establishment process according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram 1 of a method for interoperating different systems according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a second schematic diagram of an inter-system interoperation method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for interoperating different systems according to another aspect of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is an interaction diagram of a different system interoperation method according to another aspect of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is an interaction diagram 3 of an inter-system interoperation method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inter-system interoperability on a terminal side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inter-system interoperation of an access management network element side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an access management network element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inter-system interoperation of an access network element side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inter-system interoperation of a session management network element side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inter-system interoperation of a policy control network element side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an access management network element corresponding to the inter-system interoperation method of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a session management network element corresponding to the inter-system interoperation method of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a policy control network element corresponding to the inter-system interoperation method of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a different system interoperation method provided in a roaming scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for inter-system interoperation according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal involved in the present application may include a handheld device having a wireless communication function, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a computing device, or other processing device connected to the wireless modem, and various forms of user equipment (UE), Mobile station (MS), terminal, terminal equipment, and the like.
  • UE user equipment
  • MS Mobile station
  • terminal equipment terminal equipment
  • terminal equipment terminal equipment
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a non-roaming scenario architecture in which a 5G system and a 4G system are interoperable according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the 4G system in the system architecture includes: an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN), a mobility management entity (MME), and a serving gateway (serving).
  • EUTRAN evolved universal terrestrial radio access network
  • MME mobility management entity
  • serving gateway serving gateway
  • 5G systems include: fifth generation radio access network (5G RAN), access and mobility management function (AMF), user plane function User plane function (UPF), session management function (SMF), policy and charge function (PCF), home subscriber server (HSS), and so on.
  • 5G RAN fifth generation radio access network
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • UPF user plane function User plane function
  • SMF session management function
  • PCF policy and charge function
  • HSS home subscriber server
  • the N26 interface between the AMF and the MME exists is uncertain.
  • LTE MMEs such as some Developed countries or underdeveloped provinces do not support the A6 interface to AMF.
  • the N26 interface is mainly used to transmit the MM context and SM context information of the UE.
  • the AMF cannot send the 4G subscription context information to the MME through the N26 interface, and the UE cannot pass the The 5G system where the AMF is located switches to the 4G system where the MME is located.
  • the UE In order to support the interoperability between the 5G system and the 4G system, the UE needs to support the 5GC NAS and the EPC NAS. If the UE supports only one type of NAS, the interoperability between the 5G system and the 4G system cannot be implemented. Therefore, the UE supports the 5GC NAS and the EPC. NAS is a prerequisite for interoperating 5G systems with 4G systems.
  • the UE can generally support single registration (SR) or dual registration (DR) modes.
  • SR means that the UE has only one active MM (mobility management) state (RM-5GC, EMM-EPC), which means that the UE is either in the 5GC non-access stratum (Non-Access Stratum, NAS).
  • NAS Non-Access Stratum
  • Mode either in EPC NAS mode, ie UE can only be registered in one system.
  • the so-called dual registration means that the UE can only register on the 5GC NAS, or can only register on the EPC NAS, or can be registered in the 5GC NAS mode and the EPC NAS mode at the same time, that is, the UE can be registered only in one system, or Registered in two different systems.
  • the network side network element or the network supports the single network registration capability, including an interface between the AMF network element and the MME network element, for example, an N26 interface.
  • an N26 interface between the AGC of the 5GC and the MME of the EPC:
  • the UE performs the TAU procedure using the 4G-GUTI obtained from the 5G-GUTI mapping, and the MME receives the UE MM context and SM context from the 5GC, and performs the handover process between the systems.
  • the UE performs the registration procedure using the 5G-GUTI obtained from the 4G-GUTI mapping, and the AMF and the SMF receive the UE MM context and SM context from the EPC, and perform inter-system handover. Process.
  • the MME selected by the UE through the EUTRAN may not have an N26 interface with the AMF, or the AMF selected by the UE through the 5G RAN may not have an N26 interface with the MME, when the UE is in the single registration mode:
  • the UE For the mobile in the idle state from 5GC to EPC, the UE first needs to try TAU to 4G. In the process, the MME finds that the 4G GUTI according to the 5G GUTI mapping finds the AMF, but the MME does not exist with the AMF. The N26 interface then rejects the TAU process and carries the "Handover PDN Connection Setup Support" indication message to the UE in the Registration Accept message.
  • the UE initiates the registration process using the 4G GUTI mapped from the 5G GUTI.
  • the AMF finds that the MME is found through the 5G GUTI, so the mobile registration process is rejected and carries the “Handover”.
  • PDU Session Setup Support indicates information to the UE.
  • the UE when the UE supports the single registration mode, and the NGC interface does not exist between the AMG of the 5GC and the MME of the EPC, the UE first tentatively performs a TAU (tracking area update) request, and then performs a Registration Request after being rejected.
  • TAU tracking area update
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a heterogeneous system interoperation method, which can simplify the inter-system interoperation process and implement a fast interoperation process.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for inter-system interoperation in a registration process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the method includes:
  • Step 201 The terminal sends a first message to the first access management network element of the first communications network, where the first message includes first indication information and second indication information, where the first indication information indicates that the terminal supports a first NAS and a second NAS, the second indication information indicating that the terminal supports a single network registration capability;
  • Step 202 The first access management network element sends a first response message of the first message to the terminal, where the first response message includes the second access management of the first access management network element and the second communication network. Whether there is support information for the interface between NEs;
  • Step 203 The terminal determines, according to the first response message, whether the interface exists between the first access management network element and the second access management network element.
  • Step 204 The terminal determines that the interface does not exist, and sends a registration request message to the second access management network element, where the registration request message is used to request registration to the second communication network, where the registration request message is The handover indication information is used to indicate that the second access management network element establishes a session in the registration process.
  • the first NAS mode may be a 5GC NAS
  • the second NAS mode may be an EPC NAS.
  • the first communication network is It is a 4G system
  • the second communication network is a 5G system
  • the first NAS mode can be an EPC NAS
  • the second NAS mode can be a 5GC NAS.
  • the AMF of the first access management network element, the second access management network element refers to the MME
  • the access network device refers to The 5G RAN
  • the interface refers to the N26 interface.
  • the first communication network is a 4G system
  • the second communication network is a 5G system
  • the first access management network element refers to the MME and the second access management.
  • the network element refers to the AMF
  • the access network equipment refers to the E-UTRAN
  • the interface still refers to the N26 interface.
  • the so-called single-network registration capability means that the terminal can only access the 5GC NAS or EPC NAS mode at the same time, or the network registration capability refers to that the terminal can only register to the 5G system or 4G at the same time. system.
  • the foregoing inter-system interoperation method can be described as: the UE sends a Registration Request message to the AMF.
  • the registration request message further includes the network capability parameter of the UE, for example, including the UE support single registration mode, and the UE supports the EPC NAS and the 5GC NAS, and the AMF sends a Registration Accept message to the UE, where the Registration Accept message is Whether the AMF has the support information of the N26 interface with the MME, so that the UE can know the support for the interoperation of the 4G in the network, that is, if the AMF does not support the N26 interface, in the IDLE state, the 5G is During the 4G migration process, the UE initiates an Attach Request message to the MME of the 4G system, and carries the handover indication information in the Attach Request message, instructing the MME to establish a PDN connection during the registration process.
  • the foregoing inter-system interoperation method can be described as: the UE sends an Attach Request message to the MME.
  • the Attach Request message further includes a network capability parameter of the UE, for example, including a UE support single registration mode, and the UE supports the EPC NAS and the 5GC NAS, and the MME sends an Attach Accept message to the UE, where the Attach Accept message is
  • the MME includes the support information of the N26 interface with the AMF, so that the UE can know the support for the interoperation of the 5G in the network, that is, if the MME does not support the N26 interface, in the IDLE state, the 4G is
  • the UE directly sends a Registration Request message to the AMF of the 5G system, and carries the handover indication information in the Registration Request message, instructing the AMF to establish a PDU session during the registration process.
  • the terminal first sends an RRC (Radio Resource Control) setup request message to the access network device, where the RRC setup request message includes the first message, and the access network device discovers that the terminal only supports the single registration mode and has support.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the capability of the EPC NAS and the 5GC NAS is preferred to the access management network element having the N26 interface. It should be noted that the terminal sends an RRC setup request message to the access network device, and the access network device can only perceive the configuration in the message. The content of the parameters, the configuration parameters are transparent to the access network device.
  • the first response message further includes whether the user data management network element selected by the first access management network element supports the information of the second communication network, if the An access management network element is the AMF network element, and the AMF network element selects a UDM network element that supports the HSS network element function as much as possible according to the two indication information; or, if the first access management network element For the MME network element, the MME network element selects an HSS network element supporting the UDM network element function as much as possible according to the two indication information.
  • the AMF preferentially selects a UDM network element supporting the HSS function according to the first indication information and the second indication information, so that the MME can obtain the HSS function through the AMF.
  • the MM context and the SM context information of the UE so as to implement the migration from the 5G system to the 4G system.
  • the MME preferentially selects an HSS network element supporting the UDM function according to the first indication information and the second indication information, so that the AMF can obtain the MM context and the SM context information of the UE from the UDM function through the MME, thereby implementing migration from the 4G system.
  • the UDM function is not supported, the MM context and SM context information cannot be obtained smoothly.
  • the AMF selected by the UE during the registration process supports the N26 interface
  • the AMF selected UDM network element does not support the HSS function
  • the MME selected by the UE during the registration process supports the N26 interface
  • the MME selects If the HSS network element does not support the UDM function, it will affect the UE's migration behavior between different systems.
  • the UE may directly initiate a registration request to the target network. Switching can be initiated with low latency to ensure continuity of terminal services.
  • the AMF does not select the SMF that supports the PGW-C function during the establishment of different PDU sessions.
  • the SMF does not select the PCF that supports the PCRF and the UPF that supports the PGW-U.
  • the default service flow in the session and the dedicated GBR service flow are not switched to the 4G system, or conversely, during the PDN connection establishment process, the MME cannot select the SMF supporting the PGW-C, and the PGW-C+SMF cannot select.
  • Supporting the PCF function of the PCRF and the PGW-U function supporting the UPF will result in the corresponding default bearer and the dedicated GBR bearer switching to less than the 5G system.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for inter-system interoperation in the session establishment process. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes:
  • Step 301 The terminal sends a session establishment request message to the first access management network element.
  • Step 302 The first access management network element sends a session establishment accept message to the terminal, where the session establishment accept message includes the session management network element, the policy control network element, and the user plane network element in the first communication network. At least one of the information supports the information of the second communication network.
  • Step 303 The terminal determines whether at least one of the session management network element, the policy control network element, and the user plane network element in the first communication network supports the second communication network.
  • Step 304 When the terminal determines that at least one of the support information is no, the terminal sends a registration request message to the second access management network element, where the registration request message is used to request registration to the second communication network.
  • Step 305 When the terminal determines that the support information is yes, the MM context and the SM context information that are sent by the first access management network element to the UE of the second access management network element are migrated to the second Communications network.
  • the first case is: if the first access management network element is an AMF network element, the terminal sends a PDU session establishment request message to the AMF network element, and the AMF network element sends the PDU to the terminal.
  • a session establishment accept message wherein at least one of the session management network element, the policy control network element, and the user plane network element included in the PDU session establishment accept message supports information of the second communication network, which mainly includes the following three At least one of the types of support information:
  • the first support information is whether the SMF network element selected by the AMF network element supports the PGW control plane function
  • the second support information is whether the PCF network element selected by the SMF network element supports the PCRF network element function
  • the third support information is Whether the UPF network element selected by the SMF supports the PGW user plane function.
  • the second case is: if the first access management network element is the MME network element, the terminal sends a PDN session establishment request message to the MME network element, and the MME network element sends a PDN session establishment accept message to the terminal.
  • the at least one of the session management network element, the policy control network element, and the user plane network element included in the PDN session establishment accept message supports the information of the second communication network, and mainly includes the following three types of support information. At least one:
  • the first support information is whether the PGW control plane selected by the MME network element supports the SMF network element function
  • the second support information is whether the PCRF network element selected by the SMF network element supports the PCF network element function
  • the third support information is Whether the PGW user plane selected by the SMF supports the UPF network element function.
  • Embodiment 2 Corresponding to the registration process of FIG. 2 of Embodiment 1, a possible implementation manner for the UE to switch from the 5G system to the 4G system
  • FIG. 4 is an interaction diagram of a different system interoperation method according to Embodiment 2 of the present application, and the specific content is as follows.
  • Step 401 The UE sends an AN (Access) message to the 5G RAN, where the message carries AN parameters (AN parameters) and RM-NAS Registration Request (RM-NAS Registration Request) information.
  • AN parameters AN parameters
  • RM-NAS Registration Request RM-NAS Registration Request
  • the RM-NAS registration request includes the first indication information that the UE needs to maintain the single registration mode when the inter-system interoperation is performed, and the second indication information that supports the 5G NAS and the 4G NAS, and the first indication information and the second The indication information may indicate that the UE needs to maintain IP address continuity.
  • the RM-NAS Registration Request information includes a registration type, and the initial registration process, that is, the registration type, is filled with "initial registration", indicating that the UE may have the following status.
  • a “mobility registration update” process that is to say, the UE has already registered, which is the registration process initiated by the UE moving to another location area.
  • the UE initiates the initial registration to a PLMN, if there is no 5G GUTI, the UE needs to provide its own SUPI to the AMF. In other cases, it needs to bring the 5G GUTI to the AMF.
  • the AMF can find the old AMF (old AMF) through the 5G GUTI.
  • Old AMF refers to the AMF assigned by the 5G RAN by default.
  • Step 402 If the parameter included in the AN parameter cannot point to a valid AMF, the 5G RAN selects an AMF based on the (R)AT and the NSSAI, and when the 5G RAN finds the first indication information and the second indication information from the AN parameters, 5G Based on these two indications, the RAN will select an AMF that supports the N26 interface as much as possible. If the 5G RAN cannot select a suitable AMF, the 5G RAN sends the Registration Request message to a locally configured AMF, allowing the AMF to perform a new AMF selection. The so-called new AMF (new AMF) refers to reselection. Non-default assigned AMF.
  • Step 403 The 5G RAN sends an N2 message to the new AMF, where the message carries an N2 parameters (N2 parameter) and an RM-NAS Registration Request (RM-NAS Registration Request), where the N2 parameters parameter includes a location associated with the UE camped cell. Information, cell identity and RAT type.
  • N2 parameter N2 parameters
  • RM-NAS Registration Request RM-NAS Registration Request
  • step 404 the new AMF sends a Namf_Communication_UEContextTransfer message to the old AMF, and requests the UE's SUPI and MM context from the old AMF.
  • Step 405 The old AMF sends a Namf_Communication_UEContextResponse message to the new AMF. If the old AMF has an PDU session that is still active, the old AMF needs to include the SMF identifier corresponding to the PDU session and the PDU session identifier in the SMF information and send it to the new AMF.
  • Step 406 If the UE or the old AMF does not provide the SUPI parameter, the new AMF sends an Identity Request message to the UE requesting the SUPI.
  • Step 407 The UE sends an Identity Response message to the AMF, where the message carries the SUPI of the UE.
  • step 408 the AMF decides to trigger an AUSF, in which case the UE selects an AUSF based on the SUPI.
  • Step 409 the authentication and security steps, will not be repeated here.
  • Step 410 If the AMF changes, the new AMF triggers the Namf_Communication_RegistrationCompleteNotify service operation, and notifies the old AMF that the UE completes the registration to the new AMF. If the authentication and security steps fail, new AMF will reject the Registration Request and trigger the Namf_Communication_RegistrationCompleteNotify service operation, report the rejection reason to the old AMF, and then the old AMF continues to serve the UE.
  • Step 411 If the UE or the old AMF does not provide the PEI to the new AMF, the AMF requests the UE to obtain the PEI through the Identity Request message.
  • Step 412 optionally, the AMF triggers the N5g-eir_MEIdentityCheck_Get service operation for ME identity verification.
  • step 413 if step 14 is to be performed, the AMF selects a UDM based on SUPI.
  • the AMF initiates a location update service operation, and requests the UE to sign the context information to the UDM. If the new AMF selects the UDM that supports the HSS function, the new AMF needs to send the first indication information and the second indication information of the UE to the Nudm_SubscriptionData_UpdateNotification service operation. After receiving the two indications, the UDM associates with the UE information and stores it locally.
  • the new AMF initiates a Nudm_UEContextManagement_Registration to the UDM. Service operation request. If there is no subscription context of the UE in the new AMF, the corresponding request message needs to include a "subscription data retrieval indication" indication information.
  • the UDM will initiate a Nudm_SubscriptionData_UpdateNotification service operation response to the new AMF, and carry the UE's subscription data in the service operation response.
  • New AMF will generate an MM context based on the UE's subscription data.
  • step 415 the AMF selects a PCF based on the SUPI.
  • Step 416 If the new AMF does not acquire the access and mobility policy of the UE, or if the access and mobility policies in the new AMF are no longer valid, the AMF initiates a Npcf_PolicyControl_PolicyCreate service operation request to the PCF to create a policy to the PCF. Control the session.
  • the PCF provides the UE's access and mobility policy data to the new AMF by initiating a response to the new AMF to the Npcf_PolicyControl_PolicyCreate service operation request.
  • step 417 the AMF triggers a Namf_EventExposure_Notify service request to the SMF in the following scenarios.
  • the new AMF tells the UE reachability status (including the PDU session status) that each service operates on the SMF of the UE.
  • the SMF will decide whether to reactivate a PDU session based on the PDU session status in the Namf_EventExposure_Notify service operation request.
  • the new AMF If the UE is in the MICO state, and the new AMF receives a notification that the UE is unreachable for the SMF, and the SMF cannot send the downlink data notification to the new AMF, then the new AMF notifies the SMF UE that it is reachable through Namf_EventExposure_Notify.
  • the new AMF notifies the new location information of the SMF UE by Namf_EventExposure_Notify.
  • Step 418 non-3GPP related, and will not be described again here.
  • Step 419 non-3GPP related, and will not be described again here.
  • the old AMF deletes the associated UE context between the UE and the PCF through the Npcf_PolicyControl_PolicyDelete service operation, such as association information between the UE and the old AMF.
  • the new AMF sends a Registration Accept message to the UE, and the new AMF is notified to receive the registration request of the UE.
  • the message carries whether the new AMF supports the third indication information of the N26 interface and whether the UDM supports the fourth indication information of the HSS function.
  • the AMF informs the 5G RAN of the above indication information through the N2 session.
  • Step 422 The UE sends a Registration Complete message to the AMF to respond to the new 5G GUTI allocated by the new AMF for the UE.
  • Step 423 The UE sends the third indication information and the fourth indication information in the Registration Accept message according to the new AMF, and determines that when the New AMF does not support the N26 interface and the UDM does not support any of the HSS functions, the UE resends the message to the E-UTRAN.
  • the Attach Request message is carried, and the handover request message is carried in the Attach Request message, indicating that the UE directly performs the attach procedure in the 4G system.
  • Step 424 the UE sends the third indication information and the fourth indication information in the Registration Accept message according to the new AMF, and determines the subscription context information of the UE that the UE transmits to the MME through the AMF when the New AMF supports the N26 interface and the UDM supports the HSS function.
  • the 5G system is migrated to the 4G system.
  • the UE sends the request to support the single registration mode and the support of the 5G NAS and the 4G NAS to the AMF, and the AMF also feeds back to the terminal whether there is an N26 interface between the AMF and the MME, and whether the UDM network with the HSS function is selected.
  • the UE can know the support situation of the network side corresponding to the inter-system interoperation, and then the UE performs different interoperation policies for different support situations, that is, the UE knows that there is no N26 interface between the AMF and the MME, and the UE The registration can be re-initiated to the 4G system, and then switched to the 4G system without experiencing the TAU Request and the rejection process, thereby reducing the delay in the UE handover process.
  • the MME can obtain the subscription context information of the UE of the 4G system from the AMF through the N26 interface, and then the UE migrates from the 5G system to the 4G system with low latency.
  • Embodiment 3 Corresponding to the session establishment process of Embodiment 1 of FIG. 3, a possible implementation manner for the UE to switch from the 5G system to the 4G system
  • FIG. 5 is an interaction diagram of a different system interoperation method according to Embodiment 3 of the present application, and the specific content is as follows.
  • Step 501 The UE sends a NAS message to the AMF, where the message carries the first indication information that the UE needs to maintain the single registration mode when the inter-system interoperation is performed, and supports the second indication information of the 5G NAS and the 4G NAS, and the first indication information is passed.
  • the second indication information may indicate that the UE needs to maintain IP address continuity.
  • Step 502 The AMF learns that the UE requests to establish a new PDU session by using the “initial request” indication information in the Request Type, and the PDU session ID allocated by the UE is not used by other PDU sessions.
  • the AMF may determine a default S-NSSAI based on the UE's subscription information (from the location update procedure in the UE registration procedure). The AMF selects an SMF and associates the SMF ID with the PDU Session ID and stores it locally.
  • the AMF may continue to select and select an SMF supporting the PGW-C function according to the two indication information.
  • Step 503 the AMF sends the following information information to the SMF through the Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMRequest service operation, (1), the AMF ID uniquely identifies the AMF; (2), the AMF sends the PDU session ID from the UE and the N1 SM information including the PDU Session Establishment Request cell. The cells are forwarded together to the SMF; (3) the first indication information and the second indication information.
  • the AMF selects the SMF that supports the PGW-C function in step 502
  • the AMF will carry the first indication information and the second indication information in the Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMRequest service operation, instructing the SMF+PGW-C to select a PCRF function as much as possible.
  • Step 504 If the SMF does not receive the SM subscription data associated with the DNN of the UE, the SMF requests the subscription data from the UDM through the Nudm_SubscriberData_GetRequest service operation, and receives the subscription information through the Nudm_SubscriberData_GetResponse.
  • the SMF will detect whether the user subscription information is compatible with the UE request according to the local policy. If it is not compatible, the SMF rejects the SM request and notifies the reason of the AMF rejection through the Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMResponse service operation.
  • Step 505 PDU session authentication, which is not described here.
  • Step 506 The SMF obtains the default PCC rules after authorization. If a dynamic PCC policy is deployed, the SMF selects a PCF. If the Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMRequest service operation from step 503 has two indication information, the SMF selects a support according to the indication information. PCRF function of PCF.
  • Step 507 the SMF performs preparatory work for establishing some PDU sessions. If the Request Type indicates "Initial request", the SMF selects an SSC mode for the PDU session. If the Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMRequest service operation from step 503 has two indications, and the PCF supporting the PCRF function is selected in step 506, the SMF+PGW-C selects a PCF that supports the PGW-U function.
  • Step 508 the SMF informs the PCF of the IP address or IP prefix allocated for the UE.
  • the SMF triggers the Npcf_PolicyControl_PolicyCreateRequest service operation to the PCF, establishes a PDU CAN Session, and obtains the default PCC rules for the corresponding PDU Session.
  • the SMF notifies the PCF of the IP address or IP prefix assigned to the UE. If the SMF in step 6 selects the PCF that supports the PCRF function, the SMF notifies the PCF of the first indication message and the second indication information through the Npcf_PolicyControl_PolicyCreateRequest.
  • step 509 if the Request Type indicates "Initial Request" and the step 505 is not performed, the SMF initiates an N4 Session establishment process to the UPF selected in the step 507. Otherwise, the SMF initiates an N4 Session modification process to the UPF.
  • the SMF sends an N4 Session Establishment/Modification Request message to the UPF, and provides the packet detection, enforcement, and reporting rules required for establishing the PDU session to the UPF.
  • the SMF allocates the CN Tunnel Info, the tunnel information needs to be carried. Give UPF.
  • the UPF sends an N4 Session Establishment/Modification Response to the SMF. If the UPF is assigned a CN Tunnel Info, the tunnel information needs to be brought to the UPF.
  • the SMF in step 507 selects the UPF that supports the PGW-U function, the SMF notifies the PCF of the first indication information and the second indication information through the N4 session creation/correction request message.
  • Step 510 The SMF brings the following information to the AMF by using the Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSM Response service operation. If the SMF receives two indication information in step 503, the SMF will create N1 SM information and N2 SM information in the Nsmf_PDU session_create SM response service operation. The third indication information and the fourth indication information are filled in, the third indication information indicates whether the selected PCF supports the PCRF function, and the fourth indication information indicates whether the selected UPF supports the PGW-U function information, and then the third indication information and the fourth indication information The instructions inform the AMF.
  • the Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSM Response service operation also contains information:
  • -N2 SM information is transparent to AMF and forwarded by AMF to RAN
  • -CN Tunnel Info is the UPF tunnel information assigned by the UE.
  • This step can send multiple QoS profiles to the RAN
  • -N1 SM information is also transparent to AMF and forwarded to the UE by AMF
  • N1/N2 SM information may be included in N1/N2 SM information
  • Step 511 The AMF sends an N2 PDU session request message to the RAN, where the message includes the N2 SM information and the NAS message, where the NAS message includes the PDU session ID and the PDU session establishment accepting cell in the N1 SM information.
  • the RAN may establish a specific signaling interaction between the specific AN and the UE, and bring some N1 SM information received from the SMF to the UE. For example, if it is 3GPP, the RAN sends an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message.
  • the UE establishes a wireless air interface resource, and sends an authorized QoS rule of the PDU session obtained in step 510 to the UE.
  • Step 513 The RAN sends an N2 PDU Session Response message to the AMF, where the message carries the tunnel information of the RAN, and finally sends the information to the UPF for data forwarding.
  • step 514 the AMF forwards the N2 SM information to the SMF through the Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request service operation.
  • step 515 the SMF sends the tunnel information of the CN (from the SMF, step 508) and the 5G RAN to the UPF.
  • the SMF sends an N4 session establishment request message to the UPF. Otherwise, the SMF sends an N4 session modification request message to the UPF, and the SMF sends the tunnel information of the AN and the CN to the UPF, where the CN tunnel information is only SMF. When the CN tunnel information is selected, it needs to be sent to the UPF.
  • the UPF sends an N4 session creation/correction response message to the SMF.
  • Step 516 the SMF informs the SMF that the SMF has been prepared for the PDU session to be established through the Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response service operation, and then the AMF may forward the SMF related information to the SMF, such as the RAN tunnel information update or the AMF weight. Orientation.
  • Step 517 If the PDU type is IPv6, the SMF sends an IPv6 route notification to the UE through the UPF.
  • Step 518, step 18 involves non-3GPP, and details are not described herein.
  • Step 519 If the SMF ID is not brought to the UDM in the DNN subscription context in step 4b, the SMF triggers the Nudm_UEContextManagement_Registration (Nudm_UE Content Management Registration) service operation, and sends the SMF address information and the DNN to the UDM.
  • the UDM stores the SMF ID, the address, and the DNN associated with it.
  • the SMF needs to inform the AMF.
  • the SMF will automatically receive the notification message of the N1 signaling associated with the PDU session ID of the UE, and the notification message will also carry the location, access type, etc. of the UE from the RAN. information.
  • Step 520 The AMF determines, according to the third indication information and the fourth indication information in the N1/N2 SM information returned by the SMF, that the PCF does not support the PCRF function information, and the selected UPF does not support the PGW-U function, and the UE returns through the RAN according to the AMF.
  • the session response message when the AMF does not support the indication information of the PGW-C and the PCF network element does not support the PCRF function, and the UPF network element does not support any of the PGW-U functions, the UE re-sends the Attach Request to the E-UTRAN.
  • the registration request message is carried, and the handover request information is carried in the Attach Request message, instructing the UE to perform the attach procedure directly in the 4G system.
  • Step 521 The UE determines, according to the session response message returned by the RAN by the AMF, that the AMF supports the PGW-C and the PCF network element to support the PCRF function, and the UPF network element supports the PGW-U function, and the UE transmits the subscription context information of the UE to the MME through the AMF. , from 5G systems to 4G systems.
  • the UE sends the request to support the single registration mode and the support of the 5G NAS and the 4G NAS to the AMF, and the AMF also feeds back to the terminal whether there is an N26 interface between the AMF and the MME, and whether the UDM network with the HSS function is selected.
  • the UE can know the support situation of the network side corresponding to the inter-system interoperation, and then the UE performs different interoperation policies for different support situations, that is, the UE knows that there is no N26 interface between the AMF and the MME, and the UE The registration can be re-initiated to the 4G system, and then switched to the 4G system without experiencing the TAU Request and the rejection process, thereby reducing the delay in the UE handover process.
  • the MME can obtain the subscription context information of the UE of the 4G system from the AMF through the N26 interface, and then the UE migrates from the 5G system to the 4G system with low latency.
  • the UE, the radio side, and the network side support the interoperability support during the PDU session establishment process, and help the UE successfully complete the inter-system interoperation. Because the UE has notified the IP address consecutively, supports the single registration, and supports the capability parameters of the 5G NAS and the 4G NAS to the network side during the registration process, the network side passes the PDU during the PDU session establishment/PDN connection establishment initiated by the UE.
  • the session response message informs the UE/RAN/AMF whether SMF+PGW-C, SMF+PGW-C has been selected, and whether PCF+PCRF and UPF+PGW-U are selected.
  • the UE determines that the network side does not support interoperation, it re-registers with the 4G system. Otherwise, the N6 interface can obtain the 4G system from the AMF through the N26 interface. The UE's subscription context information, and then the UE migrates from the 5G system to the 4G system with low latency. Obviously, this can save the existing TAU process, simplify the signaling interaction process of the inter-system interoperability, and improve the inter-system interoperability. effectiveness.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for interoperating different systems according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method includes:
  • Step 601 The UE sends a session establishment request message to the first access management network element of the first communication network, where the session establishment request message includes a network registration capability that the UE supports dual registration in the first communication network and the second communication network.
  • Step 602 The first access management network element of the first communication network determines, according to the session establishment request sent by the terminal, that the terminal has been registered in the first communication network and the second communication network.
  • Step 603 The first access management network element forwards the session establishment request message to the session management network element, and carries the registration capability of the self-support single network in the forwarded message;
  • Step 604 The session management network element sends a response message of the fourth message to the first access management network element, where the response message of the fourth message includes the session of the terminal in the second communication network. Manage context information.
  • Step 605 The first access management network element forwards the session establishment accept message to the terminal.
  • Step 606 The terminal switches to the second communication system according to the session management context information in the session establishment accept message.
  • the first NAS mode may be a 5GC NAS
  • the second NAS mode may be an EPC NAS.
  • the first communication network is It is a 4G system
  • the second communication network is a 5G system
  • the first NAS mode can be an EPC NAS
  • the second NAS mode can be a 5GC NAS.
  • the AMF of the first access management network element, the second access management network element refers to the MME
  • the access network device refers to The 5G RAN
  • the interface refers to the N26 interface.
  • the first communication network is a 4G system
  • the second communication network is a 5G system
  • the first access management network element refers to the MME and the second access management.
  • the network element refers to the AMF
  • the access network equipment refers to the E-UTRAN
  • the interface still refers to the N26 interface.
  • the UE when the UE switches from the 5G system to the 4G system for interoperation, the UE sends a session establishment request message to the AMF network element, and the session establishment request message carries the mode that the terminal is dual-registered in the 4G system, so that the AMF informs
  • the session management network element of the home site supports the single registration.
  • the session management network element of the local area knows the situation, the corresponding 4G network SM context is established, and the AMF can transmit the established 4G SM context to the MME through the N26 interface, so that the UE It is possible to perform the process of migrating from a 5G system to a 4G system.
  • the UE when the UE switches from the 4G system to the 5G system for interoperation, the UE sends a session establishment request message to the MME network element, and the session establishment request message carries the mode that the terminal is dual-registered in the 5G system, so that the MME informs
  • the session management network element of the home site supports the single registration.
  • the MME can transmit the established 5G SM context to the AMF through the N26 interface, so that the UE It is possible to perform the process of migrating from a 4G system to a 5G system.
  • Embodiment 4 Corresponding to the session establishment process of FIG. 6, a possible implementation manner for the UE to switch from the 5G system to the 4G system
  • FIG. 7 is an interaction diagram of a different system interoperation method according to Embodiment 4 of the present application, where RAN, AMF, V-UPF, and V-SMF are in a visited network, H-UPF, H-SMF, H-PCF, UDM
  • the network element is in the home network. The details are as follows.
  • Step 701 The UE sends a NAS message to the AMF, where the message carries the S-NSSAI, the DNN, the PDU session ID, the Request type, and the N1 SM information.
  • Step 702 The AMF learns that the UE requests to establish a new PDU session by using the “initial request” indication information in the Request Type, and the PDU session ID allocated by the UE is not used by other PDU sessions, and the AMF selects the visited 5G network V- At the same time as the SMF, a home 4G network H-SMF will be selected.
  • Step 703 The AMF sends an SM request carrying a session creation request to the selected visited network V-SMF, for requesting SM context information of the UE in the 5G system.
  • Step 704 The V-SMF performs preparatory work for establishing a PDU session. If the Request Type indicates "Initial request", the V-SMF selects an SSC mode for the PDU session, and selects the PCF that supports the PCRF function.
  • step 705 the V-SMF initiates an N4 Session establishment process to the selected V-UPF.
  • the V-SMF sends an N4 Session Establishment Request message to the UPF, and provides the Packet detection, enforcement and reporting rules required for establishing the PDU Session to the UPF.
  • the SMF allocates the CN channel. Information, correspondingly the tunnel information also needs to be brought to the UPF.
  • the UPF sends an N4 Session Establishment Response message to the V-SMF. If the UPF allocates the CN Tunnel Info, the tunnel information needs to be brought to the UPF.
  • Step 706 The V-SMF forwards a PDU session request to the home H-SMF, and informs the home H-SMF of the support for the single registration by the request.
  • step 707a and step 707b the H-SMF requests the UDM to subscribe to the SM context, and the UDM feeds back the established 4G SM context information to the H-SMF.
  • Step 708 PDU session authentication, which is not described here.
  • Step 709a and step 709b are the same as step 506a and step 506b in FIG. 5
  • step 710 is the same as step 507 in FIG. 5
  • step 711 is the same as step 508a and step 508b in FIG. 5
  • steps 712a and 712b are the same as step 509a in FIG. And 509b.
  • the H-SMF transmits the established 4G SM context to the V-SMF through a session establishment response message.
  • step 714 the V-SMF transmits the established 4G SM context to the AMF through the session establishment response message, so that the AMF can be subsequently transmitted to the MME through the N26 interface.
  • step 715 to step 722 is substantially the same as step 513 to step 519 in FIG. 5, and therefore will not be further described herein.
  • the process of the UE moving from the 5G system to the 4G system is mainly: the default QoS of the PDU session in the 5GS.
  • the default bearer corresponding to the flow and the GBR QoS flow and the switch to the EPS are switched, and the dedicated bearer corresponding to the non-GBR QoS flow waits until the switch to the EPS, and the dedicated bearer activation process initiated by the PGW is activated in the EPS. Before activation, the data of these non-GBR QoS flows will be sent to the UE through the default bearer.
  • the UE has multiple ongoing PDU sessions, each of which includes at least one default QoS flow, and may also include multiple dedicated QoS flows, which may be GBR or non-GBR.
  • the 4G SM context is prepared, including the QoS parameters corresponding to the default bearer and the GBR dedicated bearer, and the EPS bearer ID, and in these The process is finally brought to the UE and SMF + PGW-C.
  • FIG. 8 is an interaction diagram of a different system interoperation method according to Embodiment 5 of the present application, which corresponds to a possible implementation manner in which a UE switches from a 5G system to a 4G system, and the specific content is as follows.
  • Step 801 The 5G RAN decides that the UE switches from 5G to 4G, and sends a Handover Required to the AMF to the AMF.
  • step 802 the AMF knows that the UE is to be handed over to the E-UTRAN of the heterogeneous system 4G network through the 'Target eNB Identifier' cell.
  • the AMF requests the EPS Bearer Context from the SMF+PGW-C, ie the 4G SM Context.
  • the AMF needs to send a 4G SM Context Request message to all SMFs allocated for the UE.
  • the AMF requests the context from the V-SMF.
  • step 803 the AMF selects an MME and sends a Relocation Request message to it.
  • the control plane and user plane SGW address in the message and the TEID are used to assist the destination MME to select a new SGW.
  • step 804 the MME selects a new SGW to send a Create Session Request message to each PDN connection.
  • step 805 the SGW allocates a local resource and returns a Create Session Response message to the MME.
  • Step 806 The MME sends a Handover Request message to the target eNB to request to allocate bearer resources.
  • the message may include a list of EPS bearer IDs that need to establish radio bearer resources at the eNB.
  • Step 807 The target eNB allocates the corresponding requested resource, and returns a Handover Request Acknowledge message to the MME.
  • Step 808 If the MME decides to perform indirect data forwarding, it sends a Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel Request message to the SGW to the MME.
  • step 809 the MME sends a Relocation Response message to the AMF.
  • Step 810 if indirect data forwarding is performed, the AMF sends the corresponding SGW information to the SMF+PGW-C. SMF+PGW-C then returns a Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel Response to the AMF.
  • the AMF sends a handover command to the source 5G RAN.
  • the source 5G RAN sends a handover instruction message to the UE, instructing the UE to switch to the destination network.
  • the message will contain a transparent container (transparent container) containing some wireless parameters that the destination eNB will send to the source 5G RAN.
  • the UE locally associates the QoS flows corresponding to the already allocated EPS bearer IDs, and deletes the QoS flows without the associated EPS bearer IDs.
  • Step 812 When the UE successfully accesses the target eNB, the target eNB notifies the MME of the handover notification message.
  • Step 813 The target MME sends a modify bearer request message to the SGW for each bearer in the PDU connection that has been established in the UE.
  • the destination MME initiates a bearer context release procedure to release the EPS Bearer context that is not accepted by the eNB/UE. If the SGW receives a downlink packet of an unaccepted bearer, the SGW discards the packet and does not send a downlink data notification to the SGSN.
  • step 814 the SGW sends a bearer relocation to the 4G network to the SMF for each PDN connection.
  • the SMF locally deletes the QoS flow without the EPS bearer ID assigned. Since there is a matching filter in the default QoS flow, the PGW maps the IP flows of these deleted QoS flows to the default QoS flow.
  • step 815 the SMF responds with a modified bearer response.
  • the user plane between the UE/destination eNB/SGW/SMF has been established.
  • step 816 the SGW responds to a Modify Bearer Response message to the MME.
  • Step 817 The SMF initiates an activation process of the dedicated bearer for the non-GBR QoS flow, and re-establishes the non-GBR dedicated bearer corresponding to the non-GBR QoS flows. This step may be initiated by the PCF if the PCC is deployed dynamically.
  • FIG. 9 is A schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inter-system interoperation provided by the embodiment of the present application, where the apparatus includes: a sending unit 901, and a receiving unit 902, where:
  • the sending unit 901 is configured to send a first message to the first access management network element of the first communications network, where the first message includes first indication information and second indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate
  • the terminal supports the first non-access stratum NAS of the first communications network and the second NAS of the second communications network, where the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal supports registration of a single network;
  • the receiving unit 902 is configured to receive the first response message of the first message from the first access management network element, where the response message of the first message includes the first access management network element and the Whether the information of the interface exists between the second access management network elements of the second communication network.
  • the apparatus further includes a determining unit 903, configured to determine that the interface does not exist according to the first response message;
  • the sending unit 901 is further configured to: send a registration request message to the second access management network element, where the registration request message includes handover indication information.
  • the first response message further includes information about whether the user data management network element selected by the first access management network element supports the second communication network.
  • the determining unit 903 is configured to determine, according to the first response message, that the interface does not exist, and/or the user data management network element selected by the first access management network element does not support the Second communication network;
  • the sending unit 901 is further configured to send a registration request message to the second access management network element, where the registration request message includes handover indication information.
  • the sending unit 901 is further configured to initiate a second message to the first access management network element, where the second message is used to request to establish a session;
  • the receiving unit 902 is further configured to receive a second response message from the second message of the first access management network element, where the second response message includes session management in the first communication network. Whether at least one of the network element, the policy control network element, and the user plane network element supports information of the second communication network.
  • the determining unit 903 is configured to determine, according to the first response message, that the interface does not exist, and/or the terminal determines the first communication according to the second response message. At least one of the access management network element, the session management network element, the policy control network element, and the user plane network element in the network does not support information of the second communication network;
  • the sending unit 901 is further configured to send a registration request message to the second access management network element, where the registration request message includes handover indication information.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inter-system interoperation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the apparatus includes: a receiving unit 1001, and a sending unit 1002, where:
  • the receiving unit 1001 is configured to receive a first message from the terminal, where the first message includes first indication information and a second indication, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal supports the first communication network. a first non-access stratum NAS and a second NAS of the second communications network, where the second indication information indicates that the terminal supports a single network registration capability;
  • the sending unit 1002 is configured to send a first response message of the first message to the terminal, where the first response message includes a second connection between the first access management network element and the second communication network. Whether there is information about the interface between the management NEs.
  • the device further includes a processing unit 1003, configured to select a user data management network element according to the first message, where the first response message further includes whether the user data management network element supports Information of the second communication network.
  • the receiving unit 1001 is further configured to receive a second message from the terminal, where the second message is used to request to establish a session;
  • the sending unit 1002 is further configured to send a second response message of the second message to the terminal, where the second response message includes a session management network element and a policy control network element in the first communication network. And at least one of the user plane network elements supports information of the second communication network.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a device for inter-system interoperation, the device includes:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive a third message sent by the access management network element in the first communications network, where the third message includes first indication information and second indication information, where the first indication information is used Instructing the terminal to support the first non-access stratum NAS of the first communications network and the second NAS of the second communications network, where the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal supports the registration capability of the single network;
  • a selecting unit configured to select, according to the third message, a policy control network element supporting the second communication network and/or a user plane network element supporting the second communication network in the first communication network.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a device for inter-system interoperation, the device includes:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive an access request message sent by the terminal, where the access request message includes first indication information and second indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal supports the first communication a second non-access stratum NAS of the network and a second NAS of the second communications network, where the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal supports a single network registration capability;
  • a selecting unit configured to select, according to the access request message, an access management network element that has an interface with an access management network element of the second communication network in the first communications network.
  • the UE in order to support the interoperability between the 5G system and the 4G system, the UE needs to support the 5GC NAS and the EPC NAS. If the UE supports only one type of NAS, the interoperability between the 5G system and the 4G system cannot be implemented. Therefore, the UE supports 5GC. NAS and EPC NAS are prerequisites for interoperating between 5G systems and 4G systems.
  • the UE can generally support single registration (SR) or dual registration (DR) modes.
  • SR means that the UE has only one active MM (mobility management) state (RM-5GC, EMM-EPC), which means that the UE is either in the 5GC non-access stratum (Non-Access Stratum, NAS).
  • NAS Non-Access Stratum
  • Mode either in EPC NAS mode, ie UE can only be registered in one system.
  • the so-called dual registration means that the UE can only register on the 5GC NAS, or can only register on the EPC NAS, or can be registered in the 5GC NAS mode and the EPC NAS mode at the same time, that is, the UE can be registered only in one system, or Registered in two different systems.
  • the terminal sends the network capability of the network to the network side in advance, and the network side feedbacks the interoperability support status of the network side according to the network capability of the terminal.
  • the corresponding policy can be timely implemented according to the network side interoperation support situation, that is, when the terminal determines that the network side supports the interoperation, the current first communication network can be used to obtain the subscription context information of the UE of the target second communication network, and then migrate.
  • the terminal determines that the network side does not support, it will not continue to try in the current first communication network, but directly initiate registration to the target second communication network, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the delay and ensuring the continuity of the terminal service.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium, where the software program stores a software program, and the software program can implement any of the first aspect or the first aspect when read and executed by one or more processors.
  • the method provided by the design is not limited to:
  • the present application also provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the different system interoperability methods described in the various aspects above or in various possible implementations.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the terminal includes: a communication interface 1101, a processor 1102, a memory 1103, and a bus system 1104;
  • the memory 1103 is configured to store a program.
  • the program can include program code, the program code including computer operating instructions.
  • the memory 1103 may be a random access memory (RAM) or a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage. Only one memory is shown in the figure, of course, the memory can also be set to a plurality as needed. Memory 1103 can also be a memory in processor 1102.
  • the memory 1103 stores the following elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an extended set thereof:
  • Operation instructions include various operation instructions for implementing various operations.
  • Operating system Includes a variety of system programs for implementing various basic services and handling hardware-based tasks.
  • the processor 1102 controls the operation of the terminal 1100.
  • the processor 1102 may also be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the components of the terminal are coupled together by a bus system 1104.
  • the bus system 1104 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like in addition to the data bus.
  • various buses are labeled as bus system 1104 in the figure. For ease of representation, only the schematic drawing is shown in FIG.
  • Processor 1102 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 1102 or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the processor 1102 described above may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware. Component.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 1103, and the processor 1102 reads the information in the memory 1103 and performs the above method steps in conjunction with its hardware.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an access management network element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the access management network element includes: a communication interface 1201, a processor 1202, a memory 1203, and a bus system 1204;
  • the memory 1103 is configured to store a program.
  • the program can include program code, the program code including computer operating instructions.
  • the memory 1103 may be a random access memory (RAM) or a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage. Only one memory is shown in the figure, of course, the memory can also be set to a plurality as needed. Memory 1103 can also be a memory in processor 1102.
  • the memory 1103 stores the following elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an extended set thereof:
  • Operation instructions include various operation instructions for implementing various operations.
  • Operating system Includes a variety of system programs for implementing various basic services and handling hardware-based tasks.
  • the processor 1202 controls the operation of the access management network element 1200.
  • the processor 1202 may also be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the components of the access management network element are coupled together by a bus system 1204.
  • the bus system 1204 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like in addition to the data bus.
  • various buses are labeled as bus system 1204 in the figure. For ease of representation, only the schematic drawing is shown in FIG.
  • Processor 1202 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 1202 or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the processor 1202 described above may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware. Component.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 1203, and the processor 1202 reads the information in the memory 1203 and performs the above method steps in conjunction with its hardware.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inter-system interoperation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the apparatus includes: a determining unit 1301, a sending unit 1302, and a receiving unit 1303, where:
  • a determining unit 1301, configured to determine that the terminal has been registered in the first communication network and the second communication network
  • the sending unit 1302 is configured to send, to the session management network element of the first communications network, a fourth message from the terminal, where the fourth message is used to request to establish a session, and the fourth message includes the first
  • the access management network element supports a single registration capability in the first communication network
  • the receiving unit 1303 is configured to receive, by the session management network element, a response message of the fourth message, where the response message of the fourth message includes session management context information of the terminal in the second communication network.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inter-system interoperation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the apparatus includes: a determining unit 1401, a receiving unit 1402, and a sending unit 1403, where:
  • a determining unit 1401 configured to determine that the terminal has completed registration in the first communication network and the second communication network, where the session management network element supports the first communication network and the second communication network;
  • the receiving unit 1402 is configured to receive a fourth message from the first access management network element of the first communications network, where the fourth message is used to request to establish a session, and the fourth message includes the first access
  • the management network element supports the registration capability of the single network in the first communication network
  • the sending unit 1403 is configured to send, to the first access management network element, a response message of the fourth message, where the response message includes session management context information of the terminal in the second communication network.
  • the sending unit 1403 is further configured to send a fifth message to the policy control network element, where the fifth message includes the first access management network element supporting a single in the first communication network.
  • Network registration capability
  • the receiving unit 1402 is further configured to receive a response message of the fifth message from the policy control network element, where the response message of the fifth message includes a policy and a plan of the terminal in the first communication network.
  • the fee controls the PCC rules and the PCC rules of the terminal in the second communication network.
  • the apparatus further includes a generating unit 1404, configured to generate the terminal according to a PCC rule of the terminal in the first communication network and a PCC rule of the terminal in the second communication network. a first quality of service parameter of the first communication network and a second quality of service parameter of the terminal in the second communication network;
  • the sending unit 1403 is further configured to send the first quality of service parameter and the second quality of service parameter to the first access management network element.
  • the session management network element is a visited session management network element in the first communication network, and the sending unit 1403 is further configured to be a home location in the first communication network.
  • the session management network element sends a sixth message, where the sixth message includes the first access management network element supporting the registration capability of the single network in the first communication network;
  • the receiving unit 1402 is further configured to receive a response message of the sixth message from the home session management network element, where the response message of the sixth message includes the session of the terminal in the second communication network Manage context information.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inter-system interoperation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the apparatus includes: a determining unit 1501, a receiving unit 1502, and a sending unit 1503, where:
  • Determining 1501 determining that the terminal has completed registration in the first communication network and the second communication network;
  • the receiving unit 1502 is configured to receive a fifth message sent by the session management network element of the first communications network, where the fifth message is used to request to send policy information, where the fifth message includes the first access
  • the management network element supports the registration capability of the single network in the first communication network
  • a sending unit 1503 configured to send, to the session management network element, a response message of the fifth message, where the response message of the fifth message includes a policy and charging control PCC rule applicable to the first communications network, and applicable a PCC rule for the second communication network.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an access management network element corresponding to the inter-system interoperation method of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the access management network element includes: a communication interface 1601, a processor 1602, a memory 1603, and a bus system 1604;
  • the memory 1603 is configured to store a program.
  • the program can include program code, the program code including computer operating instructions.
  • the memory 1103 may be a random access memory (RAM) or a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage. Only one memory is shown in the figure, of course, the memory can also be set to a plurality as needed. Memory 1103 can also be a memory in processor 1602.
  • the memory 1603 stores the following elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an extended set thereof:
  • Operation instructions include various operation instructions for implementing various operations.
  • Operating system Includes a variety of system programs for implementing various basic services and handling hardware-based tasks.
  • the processor 1602 controls the operation of the access management network element 1600.
  • the processor 1602 may also be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the various components of the terminal are coupled together by a bus system 1604.
  • the bus system 1604 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like in addition to the data bus.
  • various buses are labeled as bus system 1604 in the figure. For ease of representation, only the schematic drawing is shown in FIG.
  • the method disclosed in the foregoing embodiment of the present application may be applied to the processor 1602 or implemented by the processor 1602.
  • the processor 1602 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 1602 or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the processor 1602 described above may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware. Component.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 1603, and the processor 1602 reads the information in the memory 1603 and performs the above method steps in conjunction with its hardware.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a session management network element corresponding to the inter-system interoperation method of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the session management network element includes: a communication interface 1701, a processor 1702, a memory 1703, and a bus system 1704;
  • the memory 1703 is configured to store a program.
  • the program can include program code, the program code including computer operating instructions.
  • the memory 1703 may be a random access memory (RAM) or a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage. Only one memory is shown in the figure, of course, the memory can also be set to a plurality as needed. Memory 1703 can also be a memory in processor 1702.
  • the memory 1703 stores the following elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an extended set thereof:
  • Operation instructions include various operation instructions for implementing various operations.
  • Operating system Includes a variety of system programs for implementing various basic services and handling hardware-based tasks.
  • the processor 1602 controls the operation of the session management network element 1700.
  • the processor 1702 may also be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the various components of the terminal are coupled together by a bus system 1604.
  • the bus system 1704 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like in addition to the data bus.
  • various buses are labeled as bus system 1704 in the figure. For ease of representation, only the schematic drawing is shown in FIG.
  • the method disclosed in the foregoing embodiment of the present application may be applied to the processor 1702 or implemented by the processor 1702.
  • the processor 1702 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 1702 or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the processor 1702 described above may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware. Component.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in memory 1703, and processor 1702 reads the information in memory 1703 and performs the above method steps in conjunction with its hardware.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a policy control network element corresponding to the inter-system interoperation method of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the policy control network element includes: a communication interface 1801, a processor 1802, a memory 1803, and a bus system 1804;
  • the memory 1803 is configured to store a program.
  • the program can include program code, the program code including computer operating instructions.
  • the memory 1803 may be a random access memory (RAM) or a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage. Only one memory is shown in the figure, of course, the memory can also be set to a plurality as needed.
  • the memory 1803 can also be a memory in the processor 1802.
  • the memory 1803 stores the following elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an extended set thereof:
  • Operation instructions include various operation instructions for implementing various operations.
  • Operating system Includes a variety of system programs for implementing various basic services and handling hardware-based tasks.
  • the processor 1802 controls the operation of the policy control network element 1800.
  • the processor 1802 may also be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the components of the terminal are coupled together by a bus system 1804.
  • the bus system 1804 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like in addition to the data bus.
  • various buses are labeled as bus system 1804 in the figure. For ease of representation, only the schematic drawing is shown in FIG.
  • the method disclosed in the foregoing embodiment of the present application may be applied to the processor 1802 or implemented by the processor 1802.
  • the processor 1802 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 1802 or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the processor 1802 described above may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware. Component.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 1803, and the processor 1802 reads the information in the memory 1803 and performs the above method steps in conjunction with its hardware.
  • the terminal sends the network capability of the network to the network side in advance, and the network side feedbacks the interoperability support status of the network side according to the network capability of the terminal.
  • the corresponding policy can be timely implemented according to the network side interoperation support situation, that is, when the terminal determines that the network side supports the interoperation, the current first communication network can be used to obtain the subscription context information of the UE of the target second communication network, and then migrate.
  • the terminal determines that the network side does not support, it will not continue to try in the current first communication network, but directly initiate registration to the target second communication network, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the delay and ensuring the continuity of the terminal service.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a method for inter-system interoperation, including:
  • Step 191 The terminal sends a seventh message to the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place, where the seventh message is used to establish a packet data unit session.
  • the terminal may send the seventh message to the access management network element via the access network device of the first communication network visited.
  • the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place may be an access and mobility management network element, for example, the AMF network element in FIG.
  • the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place may be a mobility management network element, for example, the MME network element in FIG.
  • the seventh message may be a PDU session establishment request message.
  • the terminal supports the capability of single network registration or the capability of dual network registration at the home location and the visited place.
  • the seventh message may include the capability of the terminal to support single network registration or the capability of dual network registration.
  • Step 192 The access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place determines the interoperability of the first communication network of the visited place.
  • the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place determines the interoperability of the first communication network of the visited place.
  • the interoperability of the first communication network includes the ability of the first communication network in the visited place to support the single network registration of the terminal, or the ability of the first communication network in the visited place to support the dual network registration of the terminal.
  • the interoperability of the first communication network includes one and only one of the above two capabilities.
  • the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place is based on the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place and the access management network element of the second communication network of the visited place. Whether there is an interface between them determines the interoperability of the first communication network of the visited place. Specifically, when there is an interface between the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place and the access management network element of the second communication network of the visited place, determining that the first communication network of the visited place supports the terminal The ability to register on a single network. For example, when there is an interface between the AMF network element of the visited place and the MME network element of the visited place, the capability of the AMF network element to support single network registration of the terminal is determined.
  • the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place When there is no interface between the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place and the access management network element of the second communication network of the visited place, it is determined that the first communication network of the visited place supports the dual network of the terminal The ability to register. For example, when there is no interface between the AMF network element of the visited place and the MME network element of the visited place, the capability of the AMF network element to support the dual network registration of the terminal is determined.
  • the corresponding access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place is an AMF network element
  • the second communication network of the visited place is a 4G network.
  • the access management network element of the second communication network of the visited place is the MME network element; when the first communication network of the visited place is the 4G network, the corresponding access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place is the MME.
  • the network element, the second communication network of the visited place is a 5G network, and the access management network element of the second communication network of the visited place is an AMF network element.
  • Step 193 The access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place sends an eighth message to the first communication network of the home location of the terminal, where the eighth message is used to establish the packet data unit session, and the eighth The message includes the interoperability.
  • the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place sends an eighth message to the session management network element of the first communication network of the home location of the terminal.
  • the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place may send an eighth message to the session management network element of the first communication network of the home of the terminal via the session management network element of the visited first communication network.
  • the session management network element of the first communication network of the visited place may be a V-SMF network element.
  • the session management network element of the first communication network of the home location may be an H-SMF network element.
  • the session management network element of the first communication network of the visited place may be a V-PGW network element or a V-PGW-C network element.
  • the session management network element of the first communication network of the home location may be an H-PGW network element or an H-PGW-C network element.
  • the SMF network element and the PGW network element (or the PGW-C network element) may be physically configured in a unified manner, or may be separately set. This application is not limited.
  • Step 194 The first communication network of the home location sends a response message of the eighth message to the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place.
  • the session management network element of the first communication network of the home location sends a response message of the eighth message to the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place.
  • the session management network element of the first communication network of the home location may send a response message of the eighth message to the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place via the session management network element of the visited first communication network.
  • the response message of the eighth message includes the first communication of the terminal addressed to the terminal at the visited place.
  • the first session management context information in the second communication network of the network and the visited place, and/or the first communication network and the visit of the terminal of the access network device of the first communication network addressed to the visited place at the visited place The second session management context information in the second communication network of the ground; when the interoperation capability includes the capability of the first communication network of the visited place to support the dual network registration of the terminal, the response message of the eighth message includes the terminal only visiting Session management context information in the first communication network of the ground.
  • the response message of the eighth message includes indication information.
  • the indication information is used to indicate that the first communication network of the visited place sends the interoperability to the access network device of the visited place.
  • Step 195 The access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place sends the indication information to the access network device of the first communication network of the visited place.
  • the indication information is used to indicate the ability of the first communication network of the visited place to support the dual network registration of the terminal.
  • the access network device of the first communication network of the visited place After receiving the indication information, the access network device of the first communication network of the visited place does not send a handover request message to the access management network element of the visited place in the connection situation, because the access of the visited place is The management NE does not support the switching of the N26.
  • the access network device of the first communication network of the visited place may instruct the terminal to perform TAU or handover, or the access network device of the first communication network of the visited place sends the capability of the first communication network to support dual network registration to terminal.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a device for inter-system interoperability, see FIG.
  • the apparatus includes a transceiver unit 2001, a processing unit 2002, and a storage unit 2003.
  • the transceiver unit 2001, the processing unit 2002, and the storage unit 2003 may be physically separated from each other, or may be integrated into one or more physical units, which is not limited herein.
  • the transceiver unit 2001 is configured to implement content interaction between the processing unit 2002 and other units or network elements.
  • the transceiver unit 2001 may be a communication interface of the inter-system interoperable device, a transceiver circuit or a transceiver, or a transceiver.
  • the transceiver unit 2001 can also be an antenna device and a circuit that matches the antenna device.
  • the transceiver unit 2001 can also be a communication interface or a transceiver circuit of the processing unit 2002.
  • the inter-system interoperable device may also include a plurality of transceiver units 2001 or the transceiver unit 2001 includes a plurality of sub-transceiver units.
  • the transceiver unit 2001 may further include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit.
  • the processing unit 2002 is configured to implement processing of data by means of inter-system interoperation.
  • Processing unit 2002 can be a processing circuit or a processor.
  • the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP) or a combination of a CPU and an NP.
  • the processor may further include a hardware chip.
  • the hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof.
  • the PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a Generic Array Logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.
  • CPLD complex programmable logic device
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • GAL Generic Array Logic
  • the inter-system interoperable device may also include a plurality of processing units or the processing unit 2002 includes a plurality of sub-data processing units.
  • the processor may be a single-CPU processor or a multi-core processor.
  • the storage unit 2003 is for storing computer instructions executed by the processing unit 2002.
  • the storage unit 2003 may be a storage circuit or a memory.
  • the memory can be either volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read only memory (ROMM), an erasable programmable read only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), or an electrical Erase programmable EPROM (EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory can be a random access memory (RAM) that acts as an external cache.
  • the storage unit 2003 may be a unit independent of the processing unit 2002, or may be a storage unit in the processing unit 2002, which is not limited herein. Although only one memory unit 2003 is shown in FIG. 20, the inter-system interoperable device may also include a plurality of memory cells 2003 or the memory cells 2003 may include a plurality of sub-memory cells.
  • the processing unit 2002 may perform content interaction with other network elements through the transceiver unit 2001. For example, the processing unit 2002 acquires or receives content from other network elements. If the processing unit 2002 and the transceiver unit 2001 are physically separate components, the processing unit 2002 may perform content interaction without the transceiver unit 2001 interacting with other units within the device interoperating with the different systems.
  • the transceiver unit 2001, the processing unit 2002, and the storage unit 2003 may be connected to each other through a bus.
  • the bus can be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus.
  • PCI peripheral component interconnect
  • EISA extended industry standard architecture
  • the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like.
  • the processing unit 2002 causes the inter-system interoperable devices to implement the methods of the respective implementations corresponding to FIGS. 2-8 and 19 of the present application based on the computer instructions stored in the storage unit 2003.
  • the device that interoperates with the different system may be an access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place of the terminal, such as an AMF network element or an MME network element.
  • the transceiver unit 2001 is configured to receive a seventh message from the terminal, where the seventh message is used to establish a packet data unit session, and the processing unit 2002 is configured to determine an interoperability of the first communication network of the visited place of the terminal; The transceiver unit 2001 is further configured to send an eighth message to the first communication network of the home location of the terminal, where the eighth message is used to establish the packet data unit session, and the eighth message includes the interoperation ability.
  • the processing unit 2002 determines, according to an interface between the device that interoperates with the different system and the access management network element of the second communication network of the visited location, the location of the visited place. The ability of a communication network to support a single network registration for the terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2001 is further configured to receive, by the first communication network of the home location, a first communication network and a location of the terminal that is sent to the terminal at the visited place.
  • the transceiver unit 2001 is further configured to receive, by the first communication network that is sent by the home network, the terminal of the access network device that is sent to the first communication network of the visited place.
  • the processing unit 2002 determines, according to the interface between the inter-system interoperable device and the access management network element of the second communication network of the visited place, that the visited place is determined. The ability of the first communication network to support dual network registration for the terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2001 is further configured to receive only the session management context information of the terminal that is sent by the first communication network of the home location in the first communication network of the visited place.
  • the transceiver unit 2001 is further configured to send indication information to an access network device of the first communication network of the visited location, where the indication information is used to indicate the first location of the visited place The ability of the communication network to support dual network registration for the terminal.
  • the processing unit 2002 enables the inter-system interoperable device to implement the operation of the access management network element in the visited place in the embodiment of FIG. 19 according to the computer instruction stored in the storage unit 2003.
  • the processing unit 2002 receives, by using the transceiver unit 2001, a seventh message from the terminal, where the seventh message is used to establish a packet data unit session; and the processing unit 2002 uses the transceiver unit 2001 to The first communication network of the home of the terminal transmits an eighth message, the eighth message is used to establish the packet data unit session, and the eighth message includes the interoperability.
  • the processing unit 2002 receives, by using the transceiver unit 2001, the session management context of the terminal sent by the first communication network of the home location in the first communication network of the visited place and the second communication network of the visited place. information.
  • the processing unit 2002 uses the transceiver unit 2001 to receive only the session management context information of the terminal sent by the first communication network of the home location in the first communication network of the visited place.
  • the processing unit 2002 sends, by using the transceiver unit 2001, the indication information to the access network device of the first communication network of the visited place, where the indication information is used to indicate that the first communication network of the visited place supports dual network registration for the terminal.
  • the indication information is used to indicate that the first communication network of the visited place supports dual network registration for the terminal.
  • the inter-system interoperable device may be a session management network element of the first communication network at the home of the terminal, such as an SMF network element or a PGW-C network element.
  • the processing unit 2002 is configured to receive, by using the transceiver unit 2001, an eighth message sent by an access management network element of the first communication network of the visited location of the terminal, where the eighth message is used to establish a packet data unit session, where the The eight messages include the interoperability of the first communication network of the visited place; the processing unit 2002 is configured to send, by the transceiver unit 2001, the eighth message to the access management network element of the first communication network of the visited place Response message.
  • the processing unit 2002 enables the inter-system interoperable device to implement the operation of the session management network element at the home in the embodiment of FIG. 19 according to the computer instructions stored in the storage unit 2003.
  • the names of request messages, response messages, and other various messages are employed for convenience of description. However, these messages are merely illustrative of the content to be carried or the functions to be carried.
  • the specific name of the message is not limited to the present application, for example, it may be a first message, a second message or a third message. These messages can be specific messages and can be some of the fields in the message. These messages can also represent various service operations.
  • the network side network element may be a network element on an entity, or may be a virtual network element, which is not limited in this application.
  • embodiments of the invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product.
  • embodiments of the invention may be in the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • embodiments of the invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • Embodiments of the invention are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or FIG.
  • These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine for the execution of instructions for execution by a processor of a computer or other programmable data processing device.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

一种异系统互操作方法及装置，该方法包括：终端先向第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元发送第一消息，所述第一消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端支持单网络的注册；然后所述终端接收来自所述第一接入管理网元的所述第一消息的第一响应消息，所述第一响应消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元与所述第二通信网络的第二接入管理网元之间是否存在接口的信息，这样可以解决现有的异系统互操作信令多，操作复杂的问题。

Description

一种异系统互操作的方法及装置
本申请要求于2017年08月14日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710693145.8、发明名称为“一种异系统互操作的方法及装置”及2018年10月17日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710977703.3、发明名称为“一种异系统互操作的方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及信息技术领域，尤其涉及一种异系统互操作的方法及装置。
背景技术
目前，很多地区已经广泛部署了第二代移动通信技术/第三代移动通信技术(2nd generation/3rd generation，2G/3G)网络。随着通信技术的迅速发展，诸如LTE(long term evolution，长期演进)网络也已经覆盖到一些城区和话务热点地区，另外新一代网络5G(5th generation，第五代移动通信技术)也在部署中，因而势必未来在这些区域并存着5G、LTE和2G/3G网络，在较长一段时间里，异系统网络(例如2G、3G、LTE、5G)会同时存在，共同为用户提供服务。为此，网络侧引入了异系统互操作，互操作是异系统之间业务连续性的重要保证，通过异系统互操作，运营商可以实现异系统网络间的互补，完善现有网络的覆盖度，提升网络质量。现有技术中，异系统互操作信令多，操作复杂。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种异系统互操作的方法及装置，用以解决现有的异系统互操作信令多，操作复杂的问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种异系统互操作方法，该方法包括：终端先向第一通信网络的接入管理网元发送第一消息，所述第一消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端支持单网络的注册，也就是说，终端向网络侧告知自身的网络能力，然后第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元向终端发送所述第一消息的第一响应消息，所述第一消息的响应消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元与所述第二通信网络的第二接入管理网元之间是否存在接口的信息。这样，终端就可以依据网络侧的接口存在情况作出相应地互操作策略，与现有技术相比，就可以节约终端发起跟踪区更新(tracking area update，TAU)这一流程，需要说明的是，第一通信网络与第二通信网络属于不同通信制式的两种类型的网络，例如5G系统和4G系统这两种系统的互操作。
在一种可能的设计中，当终端根据第一响应消息确定不存在接口时，终端直接向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，因为注册请求消息中还包括切换指示信息，所以终端可以切换至第二通信网络，也就是说，终端确定不存在接口，就会直接切换至目标网络，这样明显地可以降低切换时延，保证终端业务的连续性。
在一种可能的设计中，第一接入管理设备收到第一消息后，会尽可能选择支持第二通信网络的用户管理网元，比如说AMF收到第一消息后，会选择支持HSS功能的UDM，所以，第一接入 管理设备向终端反馈的第一响应消息中还包括第一接入管理网元选择的用户数据管理网元是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息，这样，当终端确定第一响应消息中第一接入管理网元选择的用户数据管理网元不支持所述第二通信网络，以及不存在所述接口这两个条件满足其一，就可以直接向第二通信网络发起注册请求，进而切换至第二通信网络。
上述过程是终端向网络侧发起注册的过程，同样的道理，对于终端向网络侧发起会话建立过程，终端同样可以将自身的网络能力告知网络侧，而网络侧也可以将自身的网络支持情况反馈至终端，进而终端根据网络侧互操作的支持情况，作出相应地互操作策略，具体地，终端向所述第一接入管理网元发起第二消息，所述第二消息用于请求建立会话；然后第一接入管理网元向终端反馈所述第二消息的第二响应消息，所述第二响应消息中包括所述第一通信网络中的会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息，与现有技术相比，终端可以获知网络侧的支持情况，当发现不支持时，可以及时切换，而不再像现有技术那样继续尝试，这样，终端侧就可以依据网络侧的互操作支持情况，作出对应的策略，节约信令的交互过程。
在一种可能的设计中，所述终端根据所述第二响应消息确定所述第一通信网络中的接入管理网元、会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个不支持所述第二通信网络的信息；以及终端根据所述第一响应消息确定不存在所述接口这两个条件满足任意一个时，终端向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息中包括切换指示信息。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种异系统互操作的方法，该方法由第一接入管理网元执行，该方法包括：第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元首先接收来自终端的第一消息，所述第一消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息指示所述终端支持单网络的注册能力；然后第一接入管理网元向终端发送所述第一消息的第一响应消息，所述第一响应消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元与所述第二通信网络的第二接入管理网元之间是否存在接口的信息。
另外，本申请实施例还提供了一种异系统互操作的方法，该方法由第一会话管理网元执行，该方法包括：第一通信网络中的会话管理网元首先接收所述第一通信网络中的接入管理网元发送的第三消息，所述第三消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端支持单网络的注册能力，然后所述会话管理网元根据所述第三消息在所述第一通信网络中选择支持第二通信网络的策略控制网元和/或支持第二通信网络的用户面网元。
再者，本申请实施例还提供了一种异系统互操作的方法，该方法由第一会话管理网元执行，该方法包括：第一通信网络的第一接入网网元接收终端发送的接入请求消息，所述接入请求消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端支持单网络的注册能力；
所述第一接入网网元根据所述接入请求消息，在所述第一通信网络中选择与所述第二通信网络的接入管理网元之间存在接口的接入管理网元。
同样的，这样终端就可以依据网络侧的接口存在情况作出相应地互操作策略，与现有技术相比，就可以节约终端发起TAU这一流程。
其余过程与终端侧的方法和效果相对应，因此该处不再赘述。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种异系统互操作的装置，该装置具有实现上述第一方面方法示例中终端行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或所述软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
在一个可能的设计中，所述装置的结构中包括接收单元、发送单元、确定单元，这些单元可以执行上述方法示例中相应功能，具体参见方法示例中的详细描述，此处不做赘述。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种异系统互操作的装置，该装置具有实现上述第一方面方法示例中第一接入管理网元行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或所述软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
在一个可能的设计中，所述装置的结构中包括接收单元、发送单元、处理单元，这些单元可以执行上述方法示例中相应功能，具体参见方法示例中的详细描述，此处不做赘述。
第五方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种终端，该终端具有实现上述第一方面方法示例中终端行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现。所述终端的结构中包括通信接口、处理器、以及存储器，处理器调用存储在所述存储器中的指令执行上述方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种接入管理网元，该接入管理网元具有实现上述第二方面方法示例中接入管理网元行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现。所述终端的结构中包括通信接口、处理器、以及存储器，处理器调用存储在所述存储器中的指令执行上述方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机存储介质，该存储介质中存储软件程序，该软件程序在被一个或多个处理器读取并执行时可实现第一方面或上述第一方面的任意一种设计提供的方法。
第八方面，本申请还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面或各种可能的实现方式所述的异系统互操作方法。
第九方面，当UE发生漫游时，对于UE在归属地网络支持双注册，但是UE所在拜访地网络支持单注册的情况下，这时，为了保证互操作正常进行，本申请实施例还提供了一种异系统互操作方法，该方法包括：第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元首先确定终端已经在所述第一通信网络和第二通信网络注册；然后所述第一接入管理网元向所述第一通信网络的会话管理网元发送来自所述终端的第四消息，所述第四消息用于请求建立会话，所述第四消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元支持在所述第一通信网络的单注册能力；进而所述第一接入管理网元从所述会话管理网元接收所述第四消息的响应消息，所述第四消息的响应消息中包含所述终端在所述第二通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息。也就是说，在PDU会话建立过程中，拜访地的会话管理网元需要告知归属地的会话管理网元对于单注册的支持情况，归属地的会话管理网元知道该情况之后，在PDU会话中建立过程中，需要建立对应的归属地网络SM上下文，例如，在5G到4G切换过程中，AMF能够通过N26接口将已建立的4G SM上下文传给MME，保证终端业务的连续性。
第十方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种异系统互操作方法，该方法包括：第一通信网络的会话管理网元首先确定终端已经在第一通信网络和第二通信网络完成注册，其中，所述会话管理网元支持所述第一通信网络和所述第二通信网络，然后所述会话管理网元从所述第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元接收第四消息，所述第四消息用于请求建立会话，所述第四消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元支持在第一通信网络的单网络的注册能力；最后，所述会话管理网元向所述第一接入管理网元发送所述第四消息的响应消息，所述响应消息中中包含所述终端在所述第二通信网络 中的会话管理上下文信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述会话管理网元从所述第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元接收第四消息之后，还包括：
所述会话管理网元向策略控制网元发送第五消息，所述第五消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元支持在第一通信网络的单网络的注册能力；
所述会话管理网元接收来自所述策略控制网元的所述第五消息的响应消息，所述第五消息的响应消息包含所述终端在所述第一通信网络的策略与计费控制PCC规则以及所述终端在所述第二通信网络的PCC规则。这样做的目的是，会话管理网元及时通知其他网元需要支持单注册的注册能力。
在一种可能的设计中，所述会话管理网元先根据所述终端在所述第一通信网络的PCC规则以及所述终端在所述第二通信网络的PCC规则生成所述终端在所述第一通信网络的第一服务质量参数和所述终端在所述第二通信网络的第二服务质量参数；然后所述会话管理网元向所述第一接入管理网元发送所述第一服务质量参数和所述第二服务质量参数。这样做的目的是，会话管理网元及时向接入管理网元反馈其他网元支持单注册的注册能力的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，拜访地会话管理网元先向所述第一通信网络中的归属地会话管理网元发送第六消息，其中，所述第六消息中包含所述第一接入管理网元支持在第一通信网络的单网络的注册能力；然后拜访地会话管理网元接收来自所述归属地会话管理网元的第六消息的响应消息，所述第六消息的响应消息中包含所述终端在所述第二通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息，这样拜访地会话管理网元就可以从归属地会话管理网元获取终端所需的会话管理上下文信息，从而顺利地从第一通信网络迁移至第二通信网络。
第十一方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种异系统互操作方法，该方法包括：第一通信网络的策略控制网元先确定终端已经在第一通信网络和第二通信网络完成注册，然后所述策略控制网元接收来自所述第一通信网络的会话管理网元发送的第五消息，所述第五消息用于请求发送策略信息，所述第五消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元支持在第一通信网络的单网络的注册能力，进而所述策略控制网元向所述会话管理网元发送所述第五消息的响应消息，所述第五消息的响应消息包含适用于所述第一通信网络的策略与计费控制PCC规则以及适用于所述第二通信网络的PCC规则。这样做的目的同样是在UE发生漫游时，对于UE在归属地网络支持双注册，但是UE所在拜访地网络支持单注册的情况下，保证互操作正常进行。
第十二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种异系统互操作的方法，其特征在于，该方法包括：终端的拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元接收来自所述终端的第七消息，所述第七消息用于建立分组数据单元会话；所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元确定所述拜访地的第一通信网络的互操作能力；所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元向所述终端的归属地的第一通信网络发送第八消息，所述第八消息用于建立所述分组数据单元会话，所述第八消息包括所述互操作能力。
在第十二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元确定所述拜访地的第一通信网络的互操作能力，包括：所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元根据所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元与所述拜访地的第二通信网络的接入管理网元之间存在接口确定所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持单网络注册的能力。
结合第十二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元向所 述终端的归属地的第一通信网络发送第八消息之后，所述方法还包括：所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元从所述归属地的第一通信网络接收发往所述终端的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络和所述拜访地的第二通信网络中的第一会话管理上下文信息。
结合第十二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元向所述终端的归属地的第一通信网络发送第八消息之后，所述方法还包括：所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元从所述归属地的第一通信网络接收发往所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络和所述拜访地的第二通信网络中的第二会话管理上下文信息。
在第十二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元确定所述拜访地的第一通信网络的互操作能力，包括：所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元根据所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元与所述拜访地的第二通信网络的接入管理网元之间不存在接口确定所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持双网络注册的能力。
结合第十二方面的第二种可能的实现方式，所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元向所述终端的归属地的第一通信网络发送第八消息之后，所述方法还包括：所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元仅从所述归属地的第一通信网络接收所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息。
在第十二方面任意一种可能的实现方式中，所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元向所述终端的归属地的第一通信网络发送第八消息之后，所述方法还包括：所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元向所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持双网络注册的能力。
第十三方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种异系统互操作的方法，该方法包括：终端的归属地的第一通信网络的会话管理网元接收所述终端的拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元发送的第八消息，所述第八消息用于建立分组数据单元会话，所述第八消息包括所述拜访地的第一通信网络的互操作能力；所述会话管理网元向所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元发送所述第八消息的响应消息。
在第十三方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述互操作能力包括所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持单网络注册的能力。
结合第十三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，所述第八消息的响应消息包括：发往所述终端的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络和所述拜访地的第二通信网络中的第一会话管理上下文信息。
结合第十三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，所述第八消息的响应消息包括：发往所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络和所述拜访地的第二通信网络中的第二会话管理上下文信息。
在第十三方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述互操作能力包括所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持双网络注册的能力。
结合第十三方面的第二种可能的实现方式，所述第八消息的响应消息包括：所述终端仅在所述拜访地的第一通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息。
在第十三方面任意一种可能的实现方式中，所述第八消息的响应消息包括指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述拜访地的第一通信网络向所述拜访地的接入网设备发送所述互操作能力。
第十四方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种异系统互操作的装置，包括：收发单元，用于接收来自终端的第七消息，所述第七消息用于建立分组数据单元会话；处理单元，用于确定所述终端的拜访地的第一通信网络的互操作能力；所述收发单元还用于向所述终端的归属地的第一通信网络发送第八消息，所述第八消息用于建立所述分组数据单元会话，所述第八消息包括所述互操作能力。
在第十四方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元根据所述异系统互操作的装置与所述拜访地的第二通信网络的接入管理网元之间存在接口确定所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持单网络注册的能力。
结合第十四方面的第一种可能的实现方式，所述收发单元还用于接收所述归属地的第一通信网络发送的发往所述终端的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络和所述拜访地的第二通信网络中的第一会话管理上下文信息。
结合第十四方面的第一种可能的实现方式，所述收发单元还用于接收所述归属地的第一通信网络发送的发往所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络和所述拜访地的第二通信网络中的第二会话管理上下文信息。
在第十四方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元根据所述异系统互操作的装置与所述拜访地的第二通信网络的接入管理网元之间不存在接口确定所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持双网络注册的能力。
结合第十四方面的第二种可能的实现方式，所述收发单元还用于仅接收所述归属地的第一通信网络发送的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息。
在第十四方面任意一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元还用于向所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持双网络注册的能力。
第十五方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种异系统互操作的装置，包括：收发单元和处理单元，所述处理单元用于利用所述收发单元接收终端的拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元发送的第八消息，所述第八消息用于建立分组数据单元会话，所述第八消息包括所述拜访地的第一通信网络的互操作能力；所述处理单元用于利用所述收发单元向所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元发送所述第八消息的响应消息。
在第十五方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述互操作能力包括所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持单网络注册的能力。
结合第十五方面的第一种可能的实现方式，所述第八消息的响应消息包括发往所述终端的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络和所述拜访地的第二通信网络中的第一会话管理上下文信息。
结合第十五方面的第一种可能的实现方式，所述第八消息的响应消息包括发往所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络和所述拜访地的第二通信网络中的第二会话管理上下文信息。
在第十五方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述互操作能力包括所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持双网络注册的能力。
结合第十四方面的第二种可能的实现方式，所述第八消息的响应消息包括：所述终端仅在所述拜访地的第一通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息。
在第十五方面任意一种可能的实现方式中，所述第八消息的响应消息包括指示信息，所述指 示信息用于指示所述拜访地的第一通信网络向所述拜访地的接入网设备发送所述互操作能力。
本申请的第十六方面，提供了一种异系统互操作的装置，包括：存储器和处理器；所述存储器，用于存储程序指令；所述处理器，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，执行上述第一方面、上述第九方面、第十方面到第十三方面中任意一项所述的方法。
第十七方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机存储介质，该存储介质中存储软件程序，该软件程序在被一个或多个处理器读取并执行时可实现第一方面、上述第九方面、第十方面到第十三方面的任意一种设计提供的方法。
第十八方面，本申请还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面或各种可能的实现方式所述的异系统互操作方法。
本申请实施例提供的异系统互操作方法相较于传统的互操作方式，终端预先向网络侧发送自身的网络能力，进而网络侧会根据终端的网络能力反馈网络侧的互操作支持情况，终端可以根据网络侧互操作支持情况及时作出相应的策略，也就是说，当终端确定网络侧支持互操作，就可以利用当前第一通信网络获取目标第二通信网络的UE的签约上下文信息，进而迁移至目标网络，若终端确定网络侧不支持的话，就不会继续在当前第一通信网络尝试，而是直接向目标第二通信网络发起注册，达到降低时延，保证终端业务连续性的目的。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种异系统互操作架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的在注册过程中的异系统互操作方法示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的在会话建立过程中的异系统互操作方法示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种异系统互操作方法示意图一；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种异系统互操作方法示意图二；
图6为本申请实施例提供的另一方案的异系统互操作方法示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一方案的异系统互操作方法交互图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种异系统互操作方法的交互图三；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种终端侧的异系统互操作的装置的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种接入管理网元侧的异系统互操作的装置的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的终端的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的接入管理网元的结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种接入网网元侧的异系统互操作的装置的结构示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的一种会话管理网元侧的异系统互操作的装置的结构示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的策略控制网元侧的一种异系统互操作的装置的结构示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的对应图6异系统互操作方法接入管理网元的结构示意图；
图17为本申请实施例提供的对应图6异系统互操作方法会话管理网元的结构示意图；
图18为本申请实施例提供的对应图6异系统互操作方法策略控制网元的结构示意图；
图19为本申请实施例在漫游场景下提供的一种异系统互操作方法的示意图；
图20为本申请实施例提供的一种异系统互操作的装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。
本申请所涉及到的终端可以包括具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计 算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备，以及各种形式的用户设备(user equipment，UE)，移动台(mobile station，MS)，终端(terminal)，终端设备(terminal equipment)等等。为方便描述，本申请实施例中，以终端为UE进行举例说明。
本申请实施例中的异系统互操作方法可适用于多种系统架构，图1为本申请实施例适用的一种5G系统和4G系统之间进行互操作的非漫游场景架构示意图。如图1所示，该系统架构中的4G系统包括：演进型通用陆地无线接入网(evolved universal terrestrial radio access network，EUTRAN)、移动性管理实体(mobility management entity，MME)、服务网关(serving gateway，SGW)、控制面网关(PDN gateway control plane PGW-C)，用户面网关(PDN gateway-user plane，PGW-U)、策略与计费规则功能(policy and charging rules function，PCRF)、同一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)以及UE等，5G系统包括：第五代无线接入网(5G RAN)、接入和移动性管理功能实体(access and mobility management function，AMF)、用户面功能实体(user plane function，UPF)、会话管理功能实体(session management function，SMF)、策略与计费系统(policy and charge function，PCF)、归属用户服务器(Home Subscriber Server，HSS)等。
在图1所示的系统架构中，因为PLMN不同，所以AMF和MME之间的N26接口是否存在是不确定的，目前来说，在5G布网初期，有一些LTE的MME(比如某些不发达国家或者落后省份)不支持到AMF的N26接口。N26接口主要是起到传输UE的MM上下文和SM上下文信息，当AMF和MME之间不存在N26接口时，那么AMF就无法将4G的签约上下文信息通过N26接口发送至MME，则UE就不能通过AMF所在的5G系统之间切换到MME所在的4G系统。
其中，为了支持5G系统与4G系统的互操作，UE需要支持5GC NAS以及EPC NAS，假设UE只支持一种NAS，则无法实现5G系统和4G系统的互操作功能，因此UE支持5GC NAS以及EPC NAS这是实现5G系统与4G系统互操作的前提条件。
另外，UE一般可以支持单注册(single registration，SR)或者双注册(dual registration，DR)两种模式。所谓SR，指的是UE只有一个活动的MM(mobility management，移动性管理)状态(RM-5GC，EMM-EPC)，也就是说UE要么在5GC非接入层(Non-Access Stratum，NAS)模式，要么在EPC NAS模式，即UE只能注册在一种系统里面。所谓双注册，指的是UE可以只注册在5GC NAS，也可以只注册在EPC NAS，也可以同时注册在5GC NAS模式和EPC NAS模式中，即UE可以只注册在一种系统里面，也可以注册在两个不同的系统里面。在本申请的实施例中，网络侧网元或者网络支持单网络注册的能力包括AMF网元和MME网元之间存在接口，例如N26接口。当UE支持单注册模式，且5GC的AMF和EPC的MME之间存在N26接口时：
1、对于从5GC到EPC的空闲状态下的移动，UE使用从5G-GUTI映射得到的4G-GUTI执行TAU流程，MME收到来自5GC的UE MM上下文和SM上下文，执行系统间的切换流程。
2、对于从EPC到5GC的空闲状态下的移动，UE使用从4G-GUTI映射得到的5G-GUTI执行注册流程，AMF和SMF收到来自EPC的UE MM上下文和SM上下文，执行系统间的切换流程。
因为UE通过EUTRAN选择的MME有可能不存在与AMF之间的N26接口，或者说UE通过5G RAN选择的AMF有可能不存在与MME之间的N26接口，当UE又是单注册模式时：
1、对于从5GC到EPC的空闲状态下的移动，UE首先需要尝试TAU到4G，在此过程中，MME发现根据5G GUTI映射而来的4G GUTI找到的是AMF，但是MME不存在与AMF之间的N26接口，于是拒绝掉TAU流程，并在Registration Accept(注册接受)消息中携带“Handover PDN Connection Setup Support”(切换PDN连接设置的支持)指示信息给UE。
2、对于从EPC到5GC的空闲状态下的移动，UE使用从5G GUTI映射而来的4G GUTI发起注册流程，AMF发现通过5G GUTI找到的是MME，于是拒绝掉移动注册流程，并携带“Handover PDU Session Setup Support”(切换PDU会话连接设置的支持)指示信息给UE。
显然，当UE支持单注册模式，且5GC的AMF和EPC的MME之间不存在N26接口时，UE先是试探性的执行TAU(tracking area update，TA更新)Request，被拒绝后又执行Registration Request(注册请求)流程，系统间的切换流程信令增多，终端不能低时延地发起地到目标网络的重新附着和承载建立过程，因此在系统切换过程对于业务连续性有影响。
基于此，本申请实施例提供一种异系统互操作方法，可以简化异系统互操作的流程，实现快速地互操作过程。
实施例一
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种在注册过程中的异系统互操作方法的示意图，该方法包括：
步骤201，终端向第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元发送第一消息，所述第一消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息指示所述终端支持第一NAS和第二NAS，所述第二指示信息指示所述终端支持单网络的注册能力；
步骤202，第一接入管理网元向终端发送第一消息的第一响应消息，所述第一响应消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元与第二通信网络的第二接入管理网元之间是否存在接口的支持信息；
步骤203，所述终端根据所述第一响应消息确定所述第一接入管理网元与第二接入管理网元之间是否存在所述接口；
步骤204，所述终端确定不存在所述接口，向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，注册请求消息用于请求注册到所述第二通信网络，其中所述注册请求消息中携带切换指示信息，所述切换指示信息用于指示所述第二接入管理网元在注册过程中建立会话。
基于图1所示的系统架构对上述步骤进行说明。
需要说明的是，若第一通信网络是5G系统，第二通信网络是4G系统，则第一NAS模式可以为5GC NAS，第二NAS模式可以为EPC NAS，反过来说，若第一通信网络是4G系统，第二通信网络是5G系统，则第一NAS模式可以为EPC NAS，第二NAS模式可以为5GC NAS。同样的，若第一通信网络是5G系统，第二通信网络是4G系统，第一接入管理网元指的的AMF、第二接入管理网元指的是MME，接入网设备则指的是5G RAN，接口指的是N26接口，反过来说，若第一通信网络是4G系统，第二通信网络是5G系统，第一接入管理网元指的是MME、第二接入管理网元指的是AMF，接入网设备则指的是E-UTRAN，接口仍然指的是N26接口。另外，所谓单网络的注册能力指的是所述终端同一时刻仅能够接入5GC NAS或EPC NAS模式，或者，所述网络注册能力指的是所述终端同一时刻仅能注册到5G系统或4G系统。
当第一接入管理网元是5G系统的AMF，第二接入管理网元是4G系统的MME，那么上述异系统互操作方法就可以描述为：UE向AMF发送Registration Request(注册请求)消息，其中，Registration Request消息中还包含UE的网络能力参数，比如包含UE支持单注册模式，且UE支持EPC NAS和5GC NAS，AMF向UE发送Registration Accept(注册接受)消息，在Registration Accept消息中会包含AMF是否存在与MME之间的N26接口的支持信息，这样，UE可以知道网络中对到4G的互操作的支持情况，也就是说如果AMF不支持N26接口，则在IDLE态下，5G到4G迁移过程中，UE直接向4G系统的MME发起Attach Request(注册请求)消息，并在Attach Request消息中携带切换指示信息，指示MME在注册过程中建立PDN连接。
当第一接入管理网元是4G系统的MME，第二接入管理网元是5G系统的AMF，那么上述异系统互操作方法就可以描述为：UE向MME发送Attach Request(注册请求)消息，其中，Attach Request消息中还包含UE的网络能力参数，比如包含UE支持单注册模式，且UE支持EPC NAS和5GC NAS，MME向UE发送Attach Accept(注册接受)消息，在Attach Accept消息中会包含MME是否存在与AMF之间的N26接口的支持信息，这样，UE可以知道网络中对到5G的互操作的支持情况，也就是说如果MME不支持N26接口，则在IDLE态下，4G到5G迁移过程中，UE直接向5G系统的AMF发起Registration Request(注册请求)消息，并在Registration Request消息中携带切换指示信息，指示AMF在注册过程中建立PDU会话。
其中，在步骤201中，终端先向接入网设备发送RRC(无线资源控制)建立请求消息，RRC建立请求消息中包含第一消息，接入网设备发现终端只支持单注册模式，且具有支持EPC NAS和5GC NAS的能力，则优先选择具有N26接口的接入管理网元，需要说明的是，终端将RRC建立请求消息发送给接入网设备，接入网设备只能感知消息中具有配置参数的内容，配置参数对于接入网设备来说是透明的。
另外，在图2所示的注册过程中，第一响应消息中还包括所述第一接入管理网元选择的用户数据管理网元是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息，若所述第一接入管理网元为所述AMF网元，AMF网元会根据两个指示信息尽可能地选择的支持HSS网元功能的UDM网元；或者说，若所述第一接入管理网元为所述MME网元，所述MME网元根据两个指示信息尽可能地选择支持UDM网元功能的HSS网元。
也就是说，在AMF收到5G RAN转发的注册请求后，AMF会根据第一指示信息和第二指示信息优先选择一个支持HSS功能的UDM网元，这样MME就可以通过AMF从HSS功能中获取UE的MM上下文和SM上下文信息，从而实现从5G系统迁移到4G系统，若不支持HSS功能，则不能够顺利获取MM上下文和SM上下文信息；或者说，在MME收到EUTRAN转发的注册请求后，MME会根据第一指示信息和第二指示信息优先选择一个支持UDM功能的HSS网元，这样AMF就可以通过MME从UDM功能中获取UE的MM上下文和SM上下文信息，从而实现从4G系统迁移到5G系统，若不支持UDM功能，则不能够顺利获取MM上下文和SM上下文信息。
但是，反过来说，即使UE在注册过程中选择的AMF支持N26接口，但是AMF选择的UDM网元不支持HSS功能，或者说，UE在注册过程中选择的MME支持N26接口，但是MME选择的HSS网元不支持UDM功能，就会对UE在异系统之间迁移行为有影响，这时UE确定用户数据管理网元不支持所述第二通信网络，则可以直接向目标网络发起注册请求，可以低时延地发起切换，保证终端业务的连续性。
另外，即使支持N26接口，在不同的PDU会话建立过程中，AMF选择不到支持PGW-C功能的SMF，SMF选择不到支持PCRF的PCF以及支持PGW-U的UPF等等，都会使得相应PDU会话中的默认的业务流以及专用的GBR业务流切换不到4G系统中去，或者反过来说，在PDN连接建立过程中，MME选择不了支持PGW-C的SMF，PGW-C+SMF选择不了支持PCRF的PCF功能以及支持UPF的PGW-U功能，会导致相应的默认承载以及专用的GBR承载切换不到5G系统中去。为此，本申请实施例进一步地提供在会话建立过程中的异系统互操作方法，如图3所示，该方法包括：
步骤301，所述终端向所述第一接入管理网元发送会话建立请求消息。
步骤302，所述第一接入管理网元向终端发送会话建立接受消息，其中，会话建立接受消息 包含所述第一通信网络中的会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
步骤303，所述终端判断所述第一通信网络中的会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个是否支持所述第二通信网络。
步骤304，所述终端确定支持信息有至少一个为否时，则向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息用于请求注册到所述第二通信网络。
步骤305，所述终端确定支持信息均为是时，则通过第一接入管理网元传送给所述第二接入管理网元的UE的MM上下文和SM上下文信息，迁移至所述第二通信网络。
在上述步骤中，第一种情况是：若所述第一接入管理网元为AMF网元，那么终端向AMF网元发送的是PDU会话建立请求消息，AMF网元向终端发送的是PDU会话建立接受消息，其中所述PDU会话建立接受消息中包括的会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息，主要是包括如下三种支持信息中的至少一种：
第一支持信息为所述AMF网元选择的SMF网元是否支持PGW控制面功能、第二支持信息为所述SMF网元选择的PCF网元是否支持PCRF网元功能、第三支持信息为所述SMF选择的UPF网元是否支持PGW用户面功能。
第二种情况是：若所述第一接入管理网元为MME网元，那么终端向MME网元发送的是PDN会话建立请求消息，MME网元向终端发送的是PDN会话建立接受消息，其中所述PDN会话建立接受消息中包括的会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息，主要是包括如下三种支持信息中的至少一种：
第一支持信息为所述MME网元选择的PGW控制面是否支持SMF网元功能、第二支持信息为所述SMF网元选择的PCRF网元是否支持PCF网元功能、第三支持信息为所述SMF选择的PGW用户面是否支持UPF网元功能。
下面分别结合实施例二和实施例三对本申请中的异系统互操作方法进行具体描述。
实施例二：对应实施例一图2的注册过程，UE从5G系统切换至4G系统的一种可能的实现方式
图4为本申请实施例二提供的一种异系统互操作方法的交互图，具体内容如下。
步骤401，UE向5G RAN发送AN(接入)消息，消息中携带AN parameters(AN参数),RM-NAS Registration Request(RM-NAS注册请求)信息。
其中，在RM-NAS注册请求中包括UE需要保持在异系统互操作时支持单注册模式的第一指示信息、同时支持5G NAS和4G NAS的第二指示信息，通过第一指示信息和第二指示信息，可以指示UE需要保持IP地址连续性。
另外，RM-NAS Registration Request信息中包括Registration type，在UE初始注册过程，即Registration type中填充了“initial registration”，指示UE可能存在如下状态
a)进行一个“initial registration”流程，也就是说当前UE处于RM-DEREGISTERED态
b)一个“mobility registration update”流程，也就是说UE已经注册，是由于UE移动到另外一个位置区域而发起的注册流程
c)一个“periodic registration update”，也就是说UE已经注册，由于周期性更新的计时 器到时而发起的注册流程
如果UE发起初始的注册到一个PLMN如果没有5G GUTI，UE需要提供自身的SUPI给AMF，其他情形下，需要带上5G GUTI给AMF，AMF通过5G GUTI能够找到旧的AMF(old AMF)，所谓old AMF指的是5G RAN默认分配的AMF。
步骤402，如果AN parameter中包含参数不能指向一个有效的AMF，5G RAN基于(R)AT以及NSSAI选择一个AMF，而且当5G RAN从AN parameters中发现第一指示信息和第二指示信息时，5G RAN会根据这两个指示信息，尽最大可能选择一个支持N26接口的AMF。如果5G RAN不能选择一个合适的AMF，5G RAN将Registration Request消息给一个本地配置的AMF，让该AMF执行新的AMF的选择，所谓新的AMF(new AMF)，则指的是重新选择的，非默认分配的AMF。
步骤403，5G RAN向new AMF发送N2消息，消息中携带N2 parameters(N2参数),RM-NAS Registration Request(RM-NAS注册请求)，其中，N2 parameters参数中包含与UE驻留小区关联的位置信息,小区标识和RAT类型。
步骤404，new AMF向old AMF发送Namf_Communication_UEContextTransfer消息，向old AMF请求UE的SUPI以及MM上下文。
步骤405，old AMF向new AMF发送Namf_Communication_UEContextResponse消息，其中，如果old AMF有还在激活的PDU会话，old AMF需要将这些PDU会话对应的SMF标识以及PDU会话标识包括在SMF信息中发送给new AMF。
步骤406，如果UE或者old AMF没有提供SUPI参数，则new AMF向UE发送Identity Request(身份请求)消息，请求SUPI。
步骤407，UE向AMF发送Identity Response(身份响应)消息，消息中携带UE的SUPI。
步骤408，AMF决定触发一个AUSF，在这种情况下，UE基于SUPI选择一个AUSF。
步骤409，鉴权与安全步骤，该处不再赘述。
步骤410，如果AMF发生了改变，new AMF触发Namf_Communication_RegistrationCompleteNotify(Namf通信注册完成通知)服务操作，向old AMF通知UE完成到new AMF的注册。如果鉴权和安全步骤失败，new AMF会拒绝Registration Request，并触发Namf_Communication_RegistrationCompleteNotify服务操作，向old AMF报告拒绝原因，然后old AMF继续为UE服务操作。
步骤411，如果UE或者old AMF没有提供PEI给new AMF，AMF会通过Identity Request(身份请求)消息向UE请求得到PEI。
步骤412，可选地，AMF触发N5g-eir_MEIdentityCheck_Get服务操作进行ME身份验证。
步骤413，如果要执行步骤14，AMF基于SUPI选择一个UDM。
如果Registration type中填充“initial registration“，并且AMF会根据这两个指示信息尽最大可能选择一个支持HSS功能的UDM.
步骤414，AMF发起位置更新服务操作，向UDM请求UE签约上下文信息，如果new AMF选择了支持HSS功能的UDM，new AMF需要将UE的第一指示信息和第二指示信息通过Nudm_SubscriptionData_UpdateNotification服务操作发送给UDM，UDM接收到这两个指示信息之后，与UE信息进行关联，并本地存储。
414a)如果AMF发生了改变，或者UE提供的SUPI不能对应到AMF上的一个合法的 上下文，或者UE注册到的AMF先前对应的是non-3GPP接入，这时new AMF会发起到UDM的Nudm_UEContextManagement_Registration服务操作请求。如果在new AMF中没有UE的签约上下文，相应的请求消息中需要包含一个“subscription data retrieval indication”指示信息。New AMF在服务操作请求消息中向UDM提供“Access Type＝3GPP access”接入类型信息，UDM会关联该接入信息与new AMF，并且保存之。
414b)如果在步骤414a中服务操作请求消息中带有“the subscription data retrieval”指示信息，UDM会发起到new AMF的Nudm_SubscriptionData_UpdateNotification服务操作响应，并在服务操作响应中携带UE的签约数据。New AMF会根据UE的签约数据生成一个MM上下文。
414c)当UDM保存了与new AMF关联的接入类型信息之后，发起到old AMF的Nudm_UEContextManagement_RemoveNotification服务操作。Old AMF会移除UE的MM上下文，然后old AMF会发起到与UE关联的所有的SMF，通知这些SMFUE已经从old AMF去注册了，然后这些SMF会相应地释放UE的PDU会话。
步骤415，AMF根据SUPI选择一个PCF。
步骤416，如果new AMF没有获取UE的接入和移动性策略，或者如果在new AMF中的接入和移动性策略不再合法，AMF会发起到PCF的Npcf_PolicyControl_PolicyCreate服务操作请求创建一个到PCF的策略控制会话。PCF通过向new AMF发起到Npcf_PolicyControl_PolicyCreate服务操作请求响应，提供UE的接入和移动性策略数据给new AMF。
步骤417，AMF在如下几种场景下会触发到SMF的Namf_EventExposure_Notify(Namf事件曝光通知)服务操作请求
1)如果AMF发生改变，new AMF讲UE可达性状态(包括PDU会话状态)通知每个服务操作于该UE的SMF。在这种情况下，假设old AMF提供了SMF信息给new AMF的，参见步骤405。SMF会根据Namf_EventExposure_Notify服务操作请求中的PDU会话状态决定是否重新激活一个PDU会话.
2)如果UE在MICO状态，并且new AMF接收到通知说UE对于SMF不可达，并且SMF发送不了下行数据通知给new AMF，于是new AMF通过Namf_EventExposure_Notify通知SMF UE可达。
3)如果UE移动出了SMF的服务操作区域，new AMF通过Namf_EventExposure_Notify通知SMF UE的新的位置信息。
步骤418，non-3GPP相关，该处不再赘述。
步骤419，non-3GPP相关，该处不再赘述。
步骤420，old AMF通过Npcf_PolicyControl_PolicyDelete服务操作删除它与PCF之间的所关联的UE上下文，比如UE与old AMF的关联信息。
步骤421，new AMF发送Registration Accept(注册接受)消息给UE，通知new AMF接收了UE的注册请求，消息中携带new AMF是否支持N26接口的第三指示信息和UDM是否支持HSS功能第四指示信息，可选地，AMF把上述指示信息通过N2会话告知5G RAN。
步骤422，UE向AMF发送Registration Complete(注册完成)消息，以应答new AMF为UE分配的新的5G GUTI。
步骤423，UE根据new AMF发送Registration Accept消息中的第三指示信息和第四指示信息，确定New AMF不支持N26接口和UDM不支持HSS功能中的任一个满足时，UE重新向E-UTRAN发送Attach Request(注册请求)消息，而且在Attach Request消息中携带切换指示信息，指示UE直接在4G系统执行附着流程。
步骤424，UE根据new AMF发送Registration Accept消息中的第三指示信息和第四指示信息，确定New AMF支持N26接口和UDM支持HSS功能时，UE通过AMF传输给MME的UE的签约上下文信息，从5G系统迁移至4G系统。
从实施例二可见，UE将支持单注册模式以及同时支持5G NAS和4G NAS的需求发送至AMF，而AMF也向终端反馈AMF与MME之间是否存在N26接口，是否选择具有HSS功能的UDM网元；这样UE就可以知道网络侧对应异系统互操作的支持情况，然后UE针对不同的支持情况执行不同的互操作策略，也就是说，UE知道AMF与MME之间不存在N26接口，UE就可以重新向4G系统发起注册，然后切换至4G系统，而不用试探性的执行TAU Request以及拒绝流程，从而降低了UE切换过程中的时延。
当然，如果UE知道AMF与MME之间存在N26接口，则MME可以通过N26接口从AMF获取4G系统的UE的签约上下文信息，进而UE低时延地从5G系统迁移至4G系统。
实施例三：对应实施例一图3的会话建立过程，UE从5G系统切换至4G系统的一种可能的实现方式
图5为本申请实施例三提供的一种异系统互操作方法的交互图，具体内容如下。
步骤501，UE向AMF发送NAS消息，消息中携带UE需要保持在异系统互操作时支持单注册模式的第一指示信息、同时支持5G NAS和4G NAS的第二指示信息，通过第一指示信息和第二指示信息，可以指示UE需要保持IP地址连续性。
步骤502，AMF通过Request Type中的”initial request“指示信息得知UE请求建立一个新的PDU会话，并且UE分配的PDU会话ID没有被其他PDU会话使用过。
如果在NAS信息中不包含S-NSSAI，AMF可能会根据UE的签约信息(来自UE注册流程中的位置更新步骤)确定一个默认的S-NSSAI。AMF选择一个SMF，并且将SMF ID与PDU会话ID关联，并本地存储。
如果AMF根据UE在注册时提供的第一指示信息和第二指示信息，选中了支持UDM的HSS，于是AMF可以继续根据这两个指示信息尽可能选择选择一个支持PGW-C功能的SMF。
步骤503，AMF通过Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMRequest服务操作将如下信息信息带给SMF，(1)、AMF ID唯一标识AMF；(2)、AMF将来自UE的PDU会话ID以及包括PDU Session Establishment Request信元的N1 SM information信元一起转发给SMF；(3)第一指示信息和第二指示信息。
如果步骤502中，AMF选中了支持PGW-C功能的SMF，则AMF会在Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMRequest服务操作中带上第一指示信息和第二指示信息，指示SMF+PGW-C尽可能选择一个支持PCRF功能的PCF网元以及一个支持PGW-U功能的UPF网元。
步骤504，如果SMF没有接收到UE的DNN相关联的SM签约数据，则SMF通过Nudm_SubscriberData_GetRequest服务操作向UDM请求这些签约数据，并通过Nudm_SubscriberData_GetResponse接收这些签约信息。
SMF会根据本地策略检测这些用户签约信息与UE请求的是否兼容，如果不兼容，SMF拒绝SM请求，并通过Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMResponse服务操作通知AMF拒绝的原因。
步骤505，PDU会话鉴权认证，该处不再赘述。
步骤506，SMF获取授权后的默认PCC rules，如果部署了动态的PCC策略，则SMF选择一个PCF，如果来自步骤503的Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMRequest服务操作中带有两个指示信息，则SMF根据指示信息选择一个支持PCRF功能的PCF。
步骤507，SMF进行一些PDU会话建立的准备工作，如果Request Type指示了“Initial request”，SMF为PDU会话选择一种SSC mode。如果来自步骤503的Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMRequest服务操作中带有两个指示信息，并且步骤506中选中了支持PCRF功能的PCF，则SMF+PGW-C会选择一个支持PGW-U功能的PCF。
步骤508，SMF向PCF告知为UE分配的IP地址或者IP前缀
a)如果部署了动态PCC并且PDU-CAN Session还未建立，SMF触发到PCF的Npcf_PolicyControl_PolicyCreateRequest服务操作，建立一个PDU CAN Session，得到对应PDU Session的默认PCC rules
b)然后，如果Request Type指示了“Initial request”、部署了动态PCC并且PDU Type是IPv4或者IPv6，则SMF通知PCF为UE分配的IP地址或者IP前缀。如果步骤6中SMF选中了支持PCRF功能的PCF，SMF通过Npcf_PolicyControl_PolicyCreateRequest将第一指示消息和第二指示信息告知PCF。
步骤509，如果Request Type指示了“Initial request”，并且步骤505未执行，则SMF会发起一个到步骤507中选中的UPF的N4 Session建立流程，否则，SMF发起到该UPF的N4 Session修改流程。
509a，SMF向UPF发送N4 Session Establishment/Modification Request消息，提供建立PDU Session所需的Packet detection,enforcement and reporting rules信息给UPF，另外，如果SMF分配了CN Tunnel Info，相应地该隧道信息也需要带给UPF。
509b，UPF向SMF发送N4 Session Establishment/Modification Response，如果UPF分配了CN Tunnel Info，相应地该隧道信息需要带给UPF。
如果步骤507中SMF选中了支持PGW-U功能的UPF，SMF通过N4会话创建/修正请求消息将第一指示信息和第二指示信息告知PCF。
步骤510，SMF通过Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSM Response服务操作将如下信息带给AMF，如果SMF在步骤503中收到了两个指示信息，则SMF会在Nsmf_PDU会话_创建SM响应服务操作中的N1 SM information和N2 SM information中填充第三指示信息和第四指示信息，第三指示信息指示选中的PCF是否支持PCRF功能，第四指示信息指示选中的UPF是否支持PGW-U功能信息，然后将第三指示信息和第四指示信息告知AMF。
其中，Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSM Response服务操作还包含的信息还有：
-N2 SM information对AMF透明，由AMF转发给RAN
-CN Tunnel Info是由UE分配的UPF隧道信息
-QoS profile包括QFI以及QoS参数等，该步骤可以发送多个QoS profiles给RAN
-发给RAN的PDU会话ID，可以被RAN用于关联UE的一个PDU会话的无线资源
-S-NSSAI对应于一个PDU会话
-N1 SM information也对AMF透明，由AMF转发给UE
-在N1/N2 SM information中可能会包含多个Authorized QoS Rules(授权QOS规则)
步骤511，AMF向RAN发送N2 PDU会话请求消息，消息中包括N2 SM information以及NAS消息，NAS消息中包括PDU会话ID以及N1 SM information中的PDU会话建立接受信元。
步骤512，RAN可能会建立一些特定的AN与UE之间的特定的信令交互，把从SMF接收到的一些N1 SM information带给UE，比如，如果是3GPP的话，RAN会发送RRC Connection Reconfiguration消息给UE，建立无线空口资源，将在第510步骤拿到的PDU会话的授权QoS规则发送给UE。
步骤513，RAN向AMF发送N2 PDU Session Response消息，消息中携带RAN的隧道信息，最终会发给UPF，进行数据转发。
步骤514，AMF通过Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request(Nsmf PDU会话_更新上下文信息请求消息)服务操作将N2 SM information转发给SMF。
步骤515，SMF将CN(来自SMF，步骤508)以及5G RAN的隧道信息发给UPF。
a)如果之前N4会话还未建立，则SMF向UPF发送N4会话建立请求消息，否则SMF向UPF发送N4会话修正请求消息，SMF将AN和CN的隧道信息发送给UPF，其中CN隧道信息只有SMF选择了CN隧道信息时，才需要发送给UPF。
b)UPF向SMF发送N4会话创建/修正响应消息。
步骤516，SMF通过Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response(Nsmf_PDU会话更新SM上下文响应消息)服务操作通知SMF已经为要建立的PDU会话准备好，之后AMF可以把SMF相关信息转给SMF，比如RAN的隧道信息更新或者AMF重定向。
步骤517，如果PDU类型是IPv6，SMF通过UPF向UE发送IPv6路由通知。
步骤518，步骤18牵扯到non-3GPP，该处不再赘述。
步骤519，如果SMF ID在步骤4b中没有在DNN签约上下文中带给UDM，SMF触发Nudm_UEContextManagement_Registration(Nudm_UE内容管理注册)服务操作，将SMF的地址信息以及DNN发给UDM。UDM存储SMF ID、地址以及与之关联的DNN.
此外，如果PDU会话没有建立成功，SMF需要告知AMF。一旦AMF将SMF与一个PDU会话ID关联，SMF将会自动接收UE与这个PDU会话ID相关联的N1信令的通知消息，这些通知消息中还会携带来自RAN的UE的位置、接入类型等信息。
步骤520，AMF根据SMF返回的N1/N2 SM information中的第三指示信息和第四指示信息，确定PCF不支持PCRF功能信息以及选中的UPF不支持PGW-U功能、UE根据AMF通过RAN返回的会话响应消息，确定AMF不支持PGW-C的指示信息和PCF网元不支持PCRF功能、UPF网元不支持PGW-U功能中的任一个条件满足时，UE重新向E-UTRAN发送Attach Request(注册请求)消息，而且在Attach Request消息中携带切换指示信息，指示UE直接在4G系统执行附着流程。
步骤521，UE根据AMF通过RAN返回的会话响应消息，确定AMF支持PGW-C和PCF网元支持PCRF功能、UPF网元支持PGW-U功能时，UE通过AMF传输给MME的UE的签约上下文信息，从5G系统迁移至4G系统。
从实施例二可见，UE将支持单注册模式以及同时支持5G NAS和4G NAS的需求发送至AMF，而AMF也向终端反馈AMF与MME之间是否存在N26接口，是否选择具有HSS功能的UDM网 元；这样UE就可以知道网络侧对应异系统互操作的支持情况，然后UE针对不同的支持情况执行不同的互操作策略，也就是说，UE知道AMF与MME之间不存在N26接口，UE就可以重新向4G系统发起注册，然后切换至4G系统，而不用试探性的执行TAU Request以及拒绝流程，从而降低了UE切换过程中的时延。
当然，如果UE知道AMF与MME之间存在N26接口，则MME可以通过N26接口从AMF获取4G系统的UE的签约上下文信息，进而UE低时延地从5G系统迁移至4G系统。
从实施例三可见，在PDU会话建立过程中确定UE、无线侧以及网络侧对于互操作的支持情况，帮助UE顺利完成异系统互操作。因为UE在注册过程中已将IP地址连续、支持单注册、同时支持5G NAS和4G NAS的能力参数通知至网络侧，所以网络侧在UE发起的PDU会话建立/PDN连接建立过程中，通过PDU会话响应消息告知UE/RAN/AMF是否选择了SMF+PGW-C、SMF+PGW-C是否选择了PCF+PCRF以及UPF+PGW-U。这样就可以保证UE、RAN/eNB、AMF/MME、SMF/PGW-C、PCF/PCRF、UPF/PGW-U中所有的网元都知道了UE、无线侧以及网络侧对于不同类型互操作的支持情况，针对不同的支持情况执行不同的互操作策略，也就是说，UE确定网络侧不支持互操作时，则重新向4G系统注册，否则的话，则可以通过N26接口从AMF获取4G系统的UE的签约上下文信息，进而UE低时延地从5G系统迁移至4G系统，显然，这样可以节省现有的TAU流程，简化了异系统互操作的信令交互过程，提高了异系统互操作的效率。
当UE发生漫游时，对于UE在归属地网络(Home PLMN)支持双注册，但是UE所在拜访地网络(Visited PLMN)支持单注册的情况下，这时，为了保证互操作正常进行，在PDU会话建立过程中，拜访地的会话管理网元需要告知归属地的会话管理网元对于单注册的支持情况，归属地的会话管理网元知道该情况之后，在PDU会话中default QoS flow/GBR QoS flow建立过程中，需要建立对应的归属地网络SM上下文，例如，在5G到4G切换过程中，AMF能够通过N26接口将已建立的4G SM上下文传给MME，保证终端业务的连续性。具体地，如图6所示，图6为本申请实施例提供的一种异系统互操作的方法示意图，该方法包括：
步骤601，UE向第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元发送会话建立请求消息，其中，会话建立请求消息中包含UE支持在第一通信网络和第二通信网络双注册的网络注册能力；
步骤602，第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元根据终端发送的会话建立请求确定终端已经在所述第一通信网络和第二通信网络注册；
步骤603，第一接入管理网元将会话建立请求消息转发至会话管理网元，并在转发的消息中携带自身支持单网络的注册能力；
步骤604，会话管理网元向所述第一接入管理网元发送所述第四消息的响应消息，所述第四消息的响应消息中包含所述终端在所述第二通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息。
步骤605，第一接入管理网元向终端转发会话建立接受消息。
步骤606，终端根据会话建立接受消息中的会话管理上下文信息，切换至第二通信系统。
基于图1所示的系统架构对上述图6中的步骤进行说明。
需要说明的是，若第一通信网络是5G系统，第二通信网络是4G系统，则第一NAS模式可以为5GC NAS，第二NAS模式可以为EPC NAS，反过来说，若第一通信网络是4G系统，第二通信网络是5G系统，则第一NAS模式可以为EPC NAS，第二NAS模式可以为5GC NAS。同样的，若第一通信网络是5G系统，第二通信网络是4G系统，第一接入管理网元指的的AMF、第二接入管理网元指的是MME，接入网设备则指的是5G RAN，接口指的是N26接口，反过来说， 若第一通信网络是4G系统，第二通信网络是5G系统，第一接入管理网元指的是MME、第二接入管理网元指的是AMF，接入网设备则指的是E-UTRAN，接口仍然指的是N26接口。
也就是说，当UE从5G系统切换至4G系统进行互操作过程，就是UE向AMF网元发送会话建立请求消息，在会话建立请求消息中携带终端在4G系统是双注册的模式，这样AMF告知归属地的会话管理网元自身支持单注册，归属地的会话管理网元知道该情况之后，建立对应的4G网络SM上下文，AMF能够通过N26接口将已建立的4G SM上下文传给MME，这样UE就可以执行从5G系统迁移至4G系统的过程。反过来说，当UE从4G系统切换至5G系统进行互操作过程，就是UE向MME网元发送会话建立请求消息，在会话建立请求消息中携带终端在5G系统是双注册的模式，这样MME告知归属地的会话管理网元自身支持单注册，归属地的会话管理网元知道该情况之后，建立对应的5G网络SM上下文，MME能够通过N26接口将已建立的5G SM上下文传给AMF，这样UE就可以执行从4G系统迁移至5G系统的过程。
下面分别结合实施例四对本申请中的异系统互操作方法进行具体描述。
实施例四：对应图6的会话建立过程，UE从5G系统切换至4G系统的一种可能的实现方式
图7为本申请实施例四提供的一种异系统互操作方法的交互图，RAN、AMF、V-UPF、V-SMF处于拜访地网络，H-UPF、H-SMF、H-PCF、UDM网元处于归属地网络，具体内容如下。
步骤701，UE向AMF发送NAS消息，消息中携带S-NSSAI、DNN、PDU会话ID、Request type、N1 SM information信息。
步骤702，AMF通过Request Type中的“initial request”指示信息得知UE请求建立一个新的PDU会话，并且UE分配的PDU会话ID没有被其他PDU会话使用过，AMF在选择拜访地5G网络V-SMF的同时，会选择一个归属地4G网络H-SMF。
步骤703，AMF向选择的拜访地网络V-SMF发送携带会话创建请求的SM请求，用于请求在5G系统UE的SM上下文信息。
步骤704，V-SMF进行一些PDU会话建立的准备工作，如果Request Type指示了“Initial request”，V-SMF为PDU会话选择一种SSC mode，并且选中了支持PCRF功能的PCF。
步骤705，V-SMF会向选中V-UPF发起N4 Session建立流程。
705a，V-SMF向UPF发送N4 Session Establishment Request消息，提供建立PDU Session所需的Packet detection,enforcement and reporting rules(数据包检测、执行和报告规则)信息给UPF，另外，如果SMF分配了CN通道信息，相应地该隧道信息也需要带给UPF。
705b，UPF向V-SMF发送N4 Session Establishment Response消息，如果UPF分配了CN Tunnel Info，相应地该隧道信息需要带给UPF。
步骤706，V-SMF向归属地的H-SMF转发创建PDU会话请求，通过该请求告知归属地的H-SMF对于单注册的支持情况。
步骤707a和步骤707b，H-SMF向UDM请求订阅SM上下文，UDM向H-SMF反馈已建立的4G SM上下文信息。
步骤708，PDU会话鉴权认证，该处不再赘述。
步骤709a和步骤709b同图5中的步骤506a和步骤506b，步骤710同图5中的步骤507，步骤711同图5中的步骤508a和步骤508b，步骤712a和712b同图5中的步骤509a和509b。
步骤713，H-SMF通过会话建立响应消息将已建立的4G SM上下文传给V-SMF。
步骤714，V-SMF再通过会话建立响应消息将已建立的4G SM上下文传给AMF，从而AMF后续才能通过N26接口传给MME。
步骤715至步骤722的过程与图5中步骤513至步骤519大致一致，因此在此处不再赘述。
进一步来说，假设5G系统和4G系统之间具有N26接口，且网络侧的各个网元也支持互操作，那么UE从5G系统迁移至4G系统的流程主要是：将5GS中PDU会话的默认QoS flow以及GBR QoS流对应的默认承载以及转悠承载切换到EPS去，而non-GBR QoS流对应的专有承载则等到切换到EPS之后，通过PGW发起的专有承载激活流程在EPS中进行激活，在激活之前，这些non-GBR QoS flow的数据会先通过默认承载发送给UE。UE拥有多个正在进行的PDU会话，每个PDU会话中至少包括一个默认QoS流，还可以包括多个专用的QoS流，可以是GBR的，也可以是non-GBR的。为了减少切换时延，在PDU会话建立(即默认QoS流)以及GBR QoS流建立过程中，4G SM上下文准备好，包括对应默认承载和GBR专有承载的QoS参数以及EPS承载ID，并在这些过程中最终带给UE以及SMF+PGW-C。
下面分别结合实施例五对本申请中的异系统互操作方法进行具体描述。
实施例五
图8为本申请实施例五提供的一种异系统互操作方法的交互图，对应的是UE从5G系统切换至4G系统的一种可能的实现方式，具体内容如下。
步骤801，5G RAN决定UE从5G切换到4G，向AMF发送一个Handover Required(切换请求)给AMF。
步骤802，AMF通过'Target eNB Identifier'信元知道UE是要切换到异系统4G网络的E-UTRAN中去。AMF向SMF+PGW-C请求EPS Bearer Context，即4G SM上下文。此步骤，AMF需要向为UE分配的所有的SMF发送4G SM Context Request消息。如果是漫游情况下，AMF向V-SMF请求所述上下文。
步骤803，AMF选择一个MME，向其发送Relocation Request(位置请求)消息。其中，在消息中的控制面和用户面SGW地址以及TEID用于协助目的MME选择一个新的SGW。
步骤804，MME选择一个新的SGW，针对每个PDN连接向其发送Create Session Request(创建会话请求)消息。
步骤805，SGW分配本地资源，并返回一个Create Session Response(创建会话响应)消息给MME。
步骤806，MME向目的eNB发送Handover Request(切换请求)消息，请求分配承载资源，该消息中可能包括一个需要在eNB建立无线承载资源的EPS bearer ID列表。
步骤807，目的eNB分配相应请求的资源，并返回一个Handover Request Acknowledge(切换请求确认)消息给MME。
步骤808，如果MME决定执行间接数据转发，向SGW发送Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel Request message(创建间接数据转发隧道请求消息)给MME。
步骤809，MME向AMF发送Relocation Response(迁移反应)消息。
步骤810，如果执行了间接数据转发，AMF将相应的SGW信息发送给SMF+PGW-C。然后SMF+PGW-C返回一个Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel Response(创建间接数据转发隧道响 应)给AMF。
步骤811，AMF发送切换指令给源5G RAN。源5G RAN向UE发送切换指令消息，命令UE切换到目的网络。该消息会包含一个transparent container(透明的容器)，里面包括了目的eNB要发给源5G RAN的一些无线参数。UE本地将已经分配的EPS承载ID对应的QoS流进行关联，而删除没有关联EPS承载ID的QoS流.
步骤812，当UE成功接入目的eNB，目的eNB将此通过切换通知消息告知MME。
步骤813，目的MME针对每个在UE中已经建立的PDU连接中的所有承载发送修改承载请求消息给SGW。
目的MME发起承载上下文释放流程以释放没有被eNB/UE接受的EPS Bearer上下文。如果SGW接收到了一个没有被接受的承载的下行数据包，SGW丢弃该数据包，并且不发送下行数据通知给SGSN。
步骤814，SGW针对每个PDN连接向SMF发送承载重定位到4G网络。SMF本地删除没有分配EPS承载ID的QoS流。由于在默认QoS流中有匹配过滤器，PGW会将这些删除的QoS流的IP流映射到默认QoS流中。
步骤815，SMF应答一个修改承载响应。这样，针对默认承载和GBR专有承载的，在UE/目的eNB/SGW/SMF之间的用户面已经建立起来。
步骤816，SGW应答一个修改承载响应消息给MME。
步骤817，SMF针对non-GBR QoS流发起专有承载的激活流程，重新建立这些non-GBR QoS流对应的non-GBR专有承载。如果PCC动态部署的情况下，此步骤可能由PCF发起。
针对上述图2的方法流程，本申请实施例提供一种异系统互操作的装置，该装置可以为终端侧的装置，该装置的具体执行内容可参照上述实施例一的方法实施，图9为本申请实施例提供的一种异系统互操作的装置的结构示意图，所述装置包括：发送单元901、接收单元902，其中：
发送单元901，用于向第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元发送第一消息，所述第一消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端支持单网络的注册；
接收单元902，用于接收来自所述第一接入管理网元的所述第一消息的第一响应消息，所述第一消息的响应消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元与所述第二通信网络的第二接入管理网元之间是否存在接口的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，该装置还包括确定单元903，用于根据所述第一响应消息确定不存在所述接口；
所述发送单元901还用于：向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息中包括切换指示信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一响应消息中还包括所述第一接入管理网元选择的用户数据管理网元是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，确定单元903，用于根据所述第一响应消息确定不存在所述接口和/或所述第一接入管理网元选择的用户数据管理网元不支持所述第二通信网络；
所述发送单元901，还用于向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息 中包括切换指示信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述发送单元901还用于向所述第一接入管理网元发起第二消息，所述第二消息用于请求建立会话；
所述接收单元902，还用于接收来自所述第一接入管理网元的所述第二消息的第二响应消息，所述第二响应消息中包括所述第一通信网络中的会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述确定单元903，用于根据所述第一响应消息确定不存在所述接口，和/或，所述终端根据所述第二响应消息确定所述第一通信网络中的接入管理网元、会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个不支持所述第二通信网络的信息；
所述发送单元901，还用于向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息中包括切换指示信息。
针对上述图2的方法流程，本申请实施例提供一种异系统互操作的装置，该装置可以为接入管理网元的装置，该装置的具体执行内容可参照上述实施例一的方法实施，图10为本申请实施例提供的一种异系统互操作的装置的结构示意图，所述装置包括：接收单元1001、发送单元1002，其中：
接收单元1001，用于接收来自终端的第一消息，所述第一消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息指示所述终端支持单网络的注册能力；
发送单元1002，用于向所述终端发送所述第一消息的第一响应消息，所述第一响应消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元与所述第二通信网络的第二接入管理网元之间是否存在接口的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所在装置还包括处理单元1003，用于根据所述第一消息，选择用户数据管理网元，所述第一响应消息中还包括所述用户数据管理网元是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述接收单元1001，还用于接收来自所述终端的第二消息，所述第二消息用于请求建立会话；
所述发送单元1002，还用于向所述终端发送所述第二消息的第二响应消息，所述第二响应消息中包括所述第一通信网络中的会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
另外，若执行主体是会话管理网元侧，本申请实施例还提供一种异系统互操作的装置，该装置包括：
接收单元，用于接收所述第一通信网络中的接入管理网元发送的第三消息，所述第三消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端支持单网络的注册能力；
选择单元，用于根据所述第三消息在所述第一通信网络中选择支持第二通信网络的策略控制网元和/或支持第二通信网络的用户面网元。
另外，若执行主体是接入网网元侧，本申请实施例还提供一种异系统互操作的装置，该装置包括：
接收单元，用于接收终端发送的接入请求消息，所述接入请求消息中包括第一指示信息和第 二指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端支持单网络的注册能力；
选择单元，用于根据所述接入请求消息，在所述第一通信网络中选择与所述第二通信网络的接入管理网元之间存在接口的接入管理网元。
同样的道理，UE为了支持5G系统与4G系统的互操作，UE需要支持5GC NAS以及EPC NAS，假设UE只支持一种NAS，则无法实现5G系统和4G系统的互操作功能，因此UE支持5GC NAS以及EPC NAS这是实现5G系统与4G系统互操作的前提条件。
另外，UE一般可以支持单注册(single registration，SR)或者双注册(dual registration，DR)两种模式。所谓SR，指的是UE只有一个活动的MM(mobility management，移动性管理)状态(RM-5GC，EMM-EPC)，也就是说UE要么在5GC非接入层(Non-Access Stratum，NAS)模式，要么在EPC NAS模式，即UE只能注册在一种系统里面。所谓双注册，指的是UE可以只注册在5GC NAS，也可以只注册在EPC NAS，也可以同时注册在5GC NAS模式和EPC NAS模式中，即UE可以只注册在一种系统里面，也可以注册在两个不同的系统里面。
本申请实施例提供的异系统互操作方法相较于传统的互操作方式，终端预先向网络侧发送自身的网络能力，进而网络侧会根据终端的网络能力反馈网络侧的互操作支持情况，终端可以根据网络侧互操作支持情况及时作出相应的策略，也就是说，当终端确定网络侧支持互操作，就可以利用当前第一通信网络获取目标第二通信网络的UE的签约上下文信息，进而迁移至目标网络，若终端确定网络侧不支持的话，就不会继续在当前第一通信网络尝试，而是直接向目标第二通信网络发起注册，达到降低时延，保证终端业务连续性的目的。
本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机存储介质，该存储介质中存储软件程序，该软件程序在被一个或多个处理器读取并执行时可实现第一方面或上述第一方面的任意一种设计提供的方法。
本申请还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面或各种可能的实现方式所述的异系统互操作方法。
图11为本申请实施例提供的终端的结构示意图，所述终端包括：通信接口1101、处理器1102、存储器1103和总线系统1104；
其中，存储器1103，用于存放程序。具体地，程序可以包括程序代码，程序代码包括计算机操作指令。存储器1103可能为随机存取存储器(英文：random-access memory，RAM)，也可能为非易失性存储器(英文：non-volatile memory，NVM)，例如至少一个磁盘存储器。图中仅示出了一个存储器，当然，存储器也可以根据需要，设置为多个。存储器1103也可以是处理器1102中的存储器。
存储器1103存储了如下的元素，可执行模块或者数据结构，或者它们的子集，或者它们的扩展集：
操作指令：包括各种操作指令，用于实现各种操作。
操作系统：包括各种系统程序，用于实现各种基础业务以及处理基于硬件的任务。
处理器1102控制终端1100的操作，处理器1102还可以称为中央处理单元(英文：central processing unit，CPU)。具体的应用中，终端的各个组件通过总线系统1104耦合在一起，其中总线系统1104除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统1104。为便于表示，图11中仅是示意性画出。
上述本申请实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器1102中，或者由处理器1102实现。处理器 1102可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器1102中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器1102可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器1103，处理器1102读取存储器1103中的信息，结合其硬件执行以上方法步骤。
图12为本申请实施例提供的接入管理网元的结构示意图，所述接入管理网元包括：通信接口1201、处理器1202、存储器1203和总线系统1204；
其中，存储器1103，用于存放程序。具体地，程序可以包括程序代码，程序代码包括计算机操作指令。存储器1103可能为随机存取存储器(英文：random-access memory，RAM)，也可能为非易失性存储器(英文：non-volatile memory，NVM)，例如至少一个磁盘存储器。图中仅示出了一个存储器，当然，存储器也可以根据需要，设置为多个。存储器1103也可以是处理器1102中的存储器。
存储器1103存储了如下的元素，可执行模块或者数据结构，或者它们的子集，或者它们的扩展集：
操作指令：包括各种操作指令，用于实现各种操作。
操作系统：包括各种系统程序，用于实现各种基础业务以及处理基于硬件的任务。
处理器1202控制接入管理网元1200的操作，处理器1202还可以称为中央处理单元(英文：central processing unit，CPU)。具体的应用中，接入管理网元的各个组件通过总线系统1204耦合在一起，其中总线系统1204除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统1204。为便于表示，图12中仅是示意性画出。
上述本申请实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器1202中，或者由处理器1202实现。处理器1202可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器1202中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器1202可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器1203，处理器1202读取存储器1203中的信息，结合其硬件执行以上方法步骤。
针对上述图6的方法流程，本申请实施例提供一种异系统互操作的装置，该装置可以为接入网网元侧的装置，该装置的具体执行内容可参照上述实施例一的方法实施，图13为本申请实施例提供的一种异系统互操作的装置的结构示意图，所述装置包括：确定单元1301、发送单元1302，接收单元1303，其中：
确定单元1301，用于确定终端已经在所述第一通信网络和第二通信网络注册；
发送单元1302，用于向所述第一通信网络的会话管理网元发送来自所述终端的第四消息，所述第四消息用于请求建立会话，所述第四消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元支持在所述第一通信网络的单注册能力；
接收单元1303，用于从所述会话管理网元接收所述第四消息的响应消息，所述第四消息的响应消息中包含所述终端在所述第二通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息。
另一方面，针对上述图6的方法流程，本申请还提供一种异系统互操作的装置，该装置可以为会话管理网元侧的装置，该装置的具体执行内容可参照上述实施例一的方法实施，图14为本申请实施例提供的一种异系统互操作的装置的结构示意图，所述装置包括：确定单元1401、接收单元1402，发送单元1403，其中：
确定单元1401，用于确定终端已经在第一通信网络和第二通信网络完成注册，所述会话管理网元支持所述第一通信网络和所述第二通信网络；
接收单元1402，用于从所述第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元接收第四消息，所述第四消息用于请求建立会话，所述第四消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元支持在第一通信网络的单网络的注册能力；
发送单元1403，用于向所述第一接入管理网元发送所述第四消息的响应消息，所述响应消息中中包含所述终端在所述第二通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述发送单元1403还用于向策略控制网元发送第五消息，所述第五消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元支持在第一通信网络的单网络的注册能力；
所述接收单元1402，还用于接收来自所述策略控制网元的所述第五消息的响应消息，所述第五消息的响应消息包含所述终端在所述第一通信网络的策略与计费控制PCC规则以及所述终端在所述第二通信网络的PCC规则。
在一种可能的设计中，该装置还包括生成单元1404，用于根据所述终端在所述第一通信网络的PCC规则以及所述终端在所述第二通信网络的PCC规则生成所述终端在所述第一通信网络的第一服务质量参数和所述终端在所述第二通信网络的第二服务质量参数；
所述发送单元1403，还用于向所述第一接入管理网元发送所述第一服务质量参数和所述第二服务质量参数。
在一种可能的设计中，所述会话管理网元为所述第一通信网络中的拜访地会话管理网元，所述发送单元1403，还用于向所述第一通信网络中的归属地会话管理网元发送第六消息，其中，所述第六消息中包含所述第一接入管理网元支持在第一通信网络的单网络的注册能力；
所述接收单元1402，还用于接收来自所述归属地会话管理网元的第六消息的响应消息，所述第六消息的响应消息中包含所述终端在所述第二通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息。
再一方面，针对上述图6的方法流程，本申请还提供一种异系统互操作的装置，该装置可以为策略控制网元侧的装置，该装置的具体执行内容可参照上述实施例一的方法实施，图15为本申请实施例提供的一种异系统互操作的装置的结构示意图，所述装置包括：确定单元1501、接收单 元1502，发送单元1503，其中：
确定1501，用于确定终端已经在第一通信网络和第二通信网络完成注册；
接收单元1502，用于接收来自所述第一通信网络的会话管理网元发送的第五消息，所述第五消息用于请求发送策略信息，所述第五消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元支持在第一通信网络的单网络的注册能力；
发送单元1503，用于向所述会话管理网元发送所述第五消息的响应消息，所述第五消息的响应消息包含适用于所述第一通信网络的策略与计费控制PCC规则以及适用于所述第二通信网络的PCC规则。
图16为本申请实施例提供的对应图6异系统互操作方法接入管理网元的结构示意图，所述接入管理网元包括：通信接口1601、处理器1602、存储器1603和总线系统1604；
其中，存储器1603，用于存放程序。具体地，程序可以包括程序代码，程序代码包括计算机操作指令。存储器1103可能为随机存取存储器(英文：random-access memory，RAM)，也可能为非易失性存储器(英文：non-volatile memory，NVM)，例如至少一个磁盘存储器。图中仅示出了一个存储器，当然，存储器也可以根据需要，设置为多个。存储器1103也可以是处理器1602中的存储器。
存储器1603存储了如下的元素，可执行模块或者数据结构，或者它们的子集，或者它们的扩展集：
操作指令：包括各种操作指令，用于实现各种操作。
操作系统：包括各种系统程序，用于实现各种基础业务以及处理基于硬件的任务。
处理器1602控制接入管理网元1600的操作，处理器1602还可以称为中央处理单元(英文：central processing unit，CPU)。具体的应用中，终端的各个组件通过总线系统1604耦合在一起，其中总线系统1604除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统1604。为便于表示，图16中仅是示意性画出。
上述本申请实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器1602中，或者由处理器1602实现。处理器1602可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器1602中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器1602可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器1603，处理器1602读取存储器1603中的信息，结合其硬件执行以上方法步骤。
图17为本申请实施例提供的对应图6异系统互操作方法会话管理网元的结构示意图，所述会话管理网元包括：通信接口1701、处理器1702、存储器1703和总线系统1704；
其中，存储器1703，用于存放程序。具体地，程序可以包括程序代码，程序代码包括计算机操作指令。存储器1703可能为随机存取存储器(英文：random-access memory，RAM)，也可能为非易失性存储器(英文：non-volatile memory，NVM)，例如至少一个磁盘存储器。图中仅示出了一个存储器，当然，存储器也可以根据需要，设置为多个。存储器1703也可以是处理器1702中的存储器。
存储器1703存储了如下的元素，可执行模块或者数据结构，或者它们的子集，或者它们的扩展集：
操作指令：包括各种操作指令，用于实现各种操作。
操作系统：包括各种系统程序，用于实现各种基础业务以及处理基于硬件的任务。
处理器1602控制会话管理网元1700的操作，处理器1702还可以称为中央处理单元(英文：central processing unit，CPU)。具体的应用中，终端的各个组件通过总线系统1604耦合在一起，其中总线系统1704除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统1704。为便于表示，图17中仅是示意性画出。
上述本申请实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器1702中，或者由处理器1702实现。处理器1702可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器1702中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器1702可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器1703，处理器1702读取存储器1703中的信息，结合其硬件执行以上方法步骤。
图18为本申请实施例提供的对应图6异系统互操作方法策略控制网元的结构示意图，所述策略控制网元包括：通信接口1801、处理器1802、存储器1803和总线系统1804；
其中，存储器1803，用于存放程序。具体地，程序可以包括程序代码，程序代码包括计算机操作指令。存储器1803可能为随机存取存储器(英文：random-access memory，RAM)，也可能为非易失性存储器(英文：non-volatile memory，NVM)，例如至少一个磁盘存储器。图中仅示出了一个存储器，当然，存储器也可以根据需要，设置为多个。存储器1803也可以是处理器1802中的存储器。
存储器1803存储了如下的元素，可执行模块或者数据结构，或者它们的子集，或者它们的扩展集：
操作指令：包括各种操作指令，用于实现各种操作。
操作系统：包括各种系统程序，用于实现各种基础业务以及处理基于硬件的任务。
处理器1802控制策略控制网元1800的操作，处理器1802还可以称为中央处理单元(英文：central processing unit，CPU)。具体的应用中，终端的各个组件通过总线系统1804耦合在一起， 其中总线系统1804除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统1804。为便于表示，图18中仅是示意性画出。
上述本申请实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器1802中，或者由处理器1802实现。处理器1802可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器1802中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器1802可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器1803，处理器1802读取存储器1803中的信息，结合其硬件执行以上方法步骤。
本申请实施例提供的异系统互操作方法相较于传统的互操作方式，终端预先向网络侧发送自身的网络能力，进而网络侧会根据终端的网络能力反馈网络侧的互操作支持情况，终端可以根据网络侧互操作支持情况及时作出相应的策略，也就是说，当终端确定网络侧支持互操作，就可以利用当前第一通信网络获取目标第二通信网络的UE的签约上下文信息，进而迁移至目标网络，若终端确定网络侧不支持的话，就不会继续在当前第一通信网络尝试，而是直接向目标第二通信网络发起注册，达到降低时延，保证终端业务连续性的目的。
在本申请实施例的一种场景下，当UE发生漫游时，归属地网络对UE所在的拜访地网络的互操作的能力不确定，从而可能导致异系统间的互操作失败。本申请的实施例提供一种异系统互操作的方法，包括：
步骤191：终端向拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元发送第七消息，所述第七消息用于建立分组数据单元会话。
在本实施例中，终端可以经拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备向接入管理网元发送第七消息。当拜访地的第一通信网络为5G网络时，拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元可以为接入和移动性管理网元，例如：图1中的AMF网元。当拜访地的第一通信网络为4G网络时，拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元可以为移动性管理网元，例如：图1中的MME网元。
在本实施例中，第七消息可以是PDU会话建立请求消息。
在本实施例中，在归属地以及拜访地，终端支持单网络注册的能力或者双网络注册的能力。
可选地，在本实施例中，第七消息中可以包含终端支持单网络注册的能力或双网络注册的能力。
步骤192：拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元确定所述拜访地的第一通信网络的互操作能力。
拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元接收到第七消息后，确定所述拜访地的第一通信网络的互操作能力。
具体的，第一通信网络的互操作能力包括拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持单网络注册的能力，或者拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持双网络注册的能力。
在本实施例中，第一通信网络的互操作能力包括上述两种能力的有且只有其中一种。
在一种可能的实现方式中，拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元根据拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元与拜访地的第二通信网络的接入管理网元之间是否存在接口确定拜访地的第一通信网络的互操作能力。具体的，当拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元与拜访地的第二通信网络的接入管理网元之间存在接口，则确定拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持单网络注册的能力。例如：当拜访地的AMF网元与拜访地的MME网元之间存在接口时，则确定AMF网元对所述终端支持单网络注册的能力。当拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元与拜访地的第二通信网络的接入管理网元之间不存在接口，则确定拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持双网络注册的能力。例如：当拜访地的AMF网元与拜访地的MME网元之间不存在接口时，则确定AMF网元对所述终端支持双网络注册的能力。
在本实施例中，当拜访地的第一通信网络为5G网络时，对应的，拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元为AMF网元，拜访地的第二通信网络为4G网络，拜访地的第二通信网络的接入管理网元为MME网元；当拜访地的第一通信网络为4G网络时，对应的，拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元为MME网元，拜访地的第二通信网络为5G网络，拜访地的第二通信网络的接入管理网元为AMF网元。
步骤193：拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元向终端的归属地的第一通信网络发送第八消息，所述第八消息用于建立所述分组数据单元会话，所述第八消息包括所述互操作能力。
具体的，拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元向终端的归属地的第一通信网络的会话管理网元发送第八消息。拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元可以经拜访地的第一通信网络的会话管理网元向终端的归属地的第一通信网络的会话管理网元发送第八消息。
具体的，当拜访地的第一通信网络为5G网络时，拜访地的第一通信网络的会话管理网元可以是V-SMF网元。归属地的第一通信网络的会话管理网元可以是H-SMF网元。当拜访地的第一通信网络为4G网络时，拜访地的第一通信网络的会话管理网元可以是V-PGW网元或者V-PGW-C网元。归属地的第一通信网络的会话管理网元可以是H-PGW网元或者H-PGW-C网元。SMF网元和PGW网元(或者PGW-C网元)物理上可以合一设置，也可以分开设置，本申请不做限定。
步骤194：归属地的第一通信网络向拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元发送第八消息的响应消息。
归属地的第一通信网络的会话管理网元向拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元发送第八消息的响应消息。归属地的第一通信网络的会话管理网元可以经拜访地的第一通信网络的会话管理网元向拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元发送第八消息的响应消息。
具体的，当所述互操作能力包括拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持单网络注册的能力时，第八消息的响应消息包括发往终端的终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络和拜访地的第二通信网络中的第一会话管理上下文信息，和/或，发往拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备的终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络和拜访地的第二通信网络中的第二会话管理上下文信息；当所述互操作能力包括拜访地的第一通信网络对终端支持双网络注册的能力时，第八消息的响应消息包括终端仅在拜访地的第一通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第八消息的响应消息包括指示信息。该指示信息用于指示拜访地的第一通信网络向拜访地的接入网设备发送所述互操作能力。
步骤195：拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元向拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备发 送指示信息。该指示信息用于指示拜访地的第一通信网络对终端支持双网络注册的能力。
拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备接收到该指示信息之后，在连接情况下，接入网设备不再发切换请求消息给拜访地的接入管理网元，因为拜访地的接入管理网元不支持N26的切换。拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备可以指示终端进行TAU或者切换附着(Attach),或者拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备把第一通信网络支持双网络注册的能力发送给终端。
本申请的实施例提供一种异系统互操作的装置，参见图20。该装置包括收发单元2001、处理单元2002以及存储单元2003。收发单元2001、处理单元2002以及存储单元2003可以是在物理上相互分离的单元，也可以是集成到一个或者多个物理单元中，在此不做限定。
收发单元2001用于实现处理单元2002与其他单元或者网元的内容交互。具体的，收发单元2001可以是该异系统互操作的装置的通信接口，也可以是收发电路或者收发器，还可以是收发信机。在一些可能的方式中，收发单元2001还可以是天线设备以及与天线设备匹配的电路。收发单元2001还可以是处理单元2002的通信接口或者收发电路。
虽然图20中仅仅示出了一个收发单元2001，异系统互操作的装置也可以包括多个收发单元2001或者收发单元2001包括多个子收发单元。收发单元2001还可以包括发送单元和接收单元。
处理单元2002用于实现异系统互操作的装置对数据的处理。处理单元2002可以是处理电路，也可以是处理器。其中，处理器可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，网络处理器(network processor，NP)或者CPU和NP的组合。处理器还可以进一步包括硬件芯片。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device,CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(Generic Array Logic，GAL)或其任意组合。
虽然图20中仅仅示出了一个处理单元2002，异系统互操作的装置也可以包括多个处理单元或者处理单元2002包括多个子数据处理单元。具体的，处理器可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器，也可以是一个多核(multi-CPU)处理器。
存储单元2003用于存储处理单元2002执行的计算机指令。存储单元2003可以是存储电路也可以是存储器。存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。
存储单元2003可以是独立于处理单元2002的单元，也可以是处理单元2002中的存储单元，在此不做限定。虽然图20中仅仅示出了一个存储单元2003，异系统互操作的装置也可以包括多个存储单元2003或者存储单元2003包括多个子存储单元。
在本申请的各实施例中，处理单元2002可以通过收发单元2001与其他网元进行内容交互，例如：处理单元2002获取或者接收来自其他网元的内容。若处理单元2002与收发单元2001是物理上分离的两个部件，处理单元2002可以不经过收发单元2001与异系统互操作的装置内部的其他单元进行内容交互。
一种可能的实现方式中，收发单元2001、处理单元2002以及存储单元2003可以通过总线相互连接。总线可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，PCI)总线或扩展工业 标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，EISA)总线等。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。
在本申请的实施例中，处理单元2002根据存储单元2003中存储的计算机指令，使得异系统互操作的装置实现本申请图2-图8以及图19对应的各实施的方法。
具体的，该异系统互操作的装置可以是终端的拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元，例如AMF网元或者MME网元。
收发单元2001，用于接收来自终端的第七消息，所述第七消息用于建立分组数据单元会话；处理单元2002，用于确定所述终端的拜访地的第一通信网络的互操作能力；所述收发单元2001还用于向所述终端的归属地的第一通信网络发送第八消息，所述第八消息用于建立所述分组数据单元会话，所述第八消息包括所述互操作能力。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元2002根据所述异系统互操作的装置与所述拜访地的第二通信网络的接入管理网元之间存在接口确定所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持单网络注册的能力。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元2001还用于接收所述归属地的第一通信网络发送的发往所述终端的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络和所述拜访地的第二通信网络中的第一会话管理上下文信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元2001还用于接收所述归属地的第一通信网络发送的发往拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络和所述拜访地的第二通信网络中的第二会话管理上下文信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元2002根据所述异系统互操作的装置与所述拜访地的第二通信网络的接入管理网元之间不存在接口确定所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持双网络注册的能力。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元2001还用于仅接收所述归属地的第一通信网络发送的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元2001还用于向所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持双网络注册的能力。
在本实施例中，处理单元2002根据存储单元2003中存储的计算机指令，使得异系统互操作的装置实现本申请图19实施例中拜访地的接入管理网元的操作。
具体的，在一种可能的实现方式中，处理单元2002利用收发单元2001接收来自终端的第七消息，所述第七消息用于建立分组数据单元会话；处理单元2002利用收发单元2001向所述终端的归属地的第一通信网络发送第八消息，所述第八消息用于建立所述分组数据单元会话，所述第八消息包括所述互操作能力。
具体的，处理单元2002利用收发单元2001接收所述归属地的第一通信网络发送的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络和所述拜访地的第二通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息。处理单元2002利用收发单元2001仅接收所述归属地的第一通信网络发送的所述终端在所述拜访地的第一通信网络中的会话管理上下文信息。处理单元2002利用收发单元2001向所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入网设备发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述拜访地的第一通信网络对所述终端支持双网络注册的能力。
具体的，该异系统互操作的装置可以是终端的归属地的第一通信网络的会话管理网元，例如SMF网元或者PGW-C网元。
具体的,处理单元2002用于利用收发单元2001接收终端的拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元发送的第八消息，所述第八消息用于建立分组数据单元会话，所述第八消息包括所述拜访地的第一通信网络的互操作能力；所述处理单元2002用于利用收发单元2001向所述拜访地的第一通信网络的接入管理网元发送所述第八消息的响应消息。
在本实施例中，处理单元2002根据存储单元2003中存储的计算机指令，使得异系统互操作的装置实现本申请图19实施例中归属地的会话管理网元的操作。
在本申请的各实施例中，为了方面理解，进行了多种举例说明。然而，这些例子仅仅是一些举例，并不意味着是实现本申请的最佳实现方式。
在本申请的各实施例中，为了方便的描述，采用了请求消息，响应消息以及其他各种消息的名称。然而，这些消息仅仅是以举例方式说明需要携带的内容或者实现的功能，消息的具体名称并不对本申请的做出限定，例如：还可以是第一消息，第二消息或者第三消息等。这些消息可以是具体的一些消息，可以是消息中的某些字段。这些消息还可以代表各种服务化操作。
在本申请的各实施例中，网络侧网元可以是一个实体上的网元，也可以是虚拟的网元，本申请不做限定。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明实施例可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明实施例可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明实施例是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明实施例的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种异系统互操作的方法，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    终端向第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元发送第一消息，所述第一消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端支持单网络的注册；
    所述终端接收来自所述第一接入管理网元的所述第一消息的第一响应消息，所述第一响应消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元与所述第二通信网络的第二接入管理网元之间是否存在接口的信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端接收来自所述第一接入管理网元的所述第一消息的第一响应消息之后，还包括：
    所述终端根据所述第一响应消息确定不存在所述接口；
    所述终端向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息中包括切换指示信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一响应消息中还包括所述第一接入管理网元选择的用户数据管理网元是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端接收来自所述第一接入管理网元的所述第一消息的第一响应消息之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端根据所述第一响应消息确定不存在所述接口和/或所述第一接入管理网元选择的用户数据管理网元不支持所述第二通信网络；
    所述终端向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息中包括切换指示信息。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端接收来自所述第一接入管理网元的所述第一消息的第一响应消息之后，还包括：
    所述终端向所述第一接入管理网元发起第二消息，所述第二消息用于请求建立会话；
    所述终端接收来自所述第一接入管理网元的所述第二消息的第二响应消息，所述第二响应消息中包括所述第一通信网络中的会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端接收来自所述第一接入管理网元的第二消息的第二响应消息之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端根据所述第一响应消息确定不存在所述接口，和/或，所述终端根据所述第二响应消息确定所述第一通信网络中的接入管理网元、会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个不支持所述第二通信网络的信息；
    所述终端向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息中包括切换指示信息。
  7. 一种异系统互操作的方法，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元接收来自终端的第一消息，所述第一消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息指示所述终端支持单网络的注册能力；
    所述第一接入管理网元向所述终端发送所述第一消息的第一响应消息，所述第一响应消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元与所述第二通信网络的第二接入管理网元之间是否存在接口的信息。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入管理网元向所述终端发送第一消息的第一响应消息之前，还包括：
    所述第一接入管理网元根据所述第一消息，选择用户数据管理网元；
    所述第一响应消息中还包括所述用户数据管理网元是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入管理网元向所述终端发送第一响应消息之后，还包括：
    所述第一接入管理网元接收来自所述终端的第二消息，所述第二消息用于请求建立会话；
    所述第一接入管理网元向所述终端发送所述第二消息的第二响应消息，所述第二响应消息中包括所述第一通信网络中的会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
  10. 一种终端，其特征在于，所述终端包括：通信接口、处理器以及存储器，
    所述处理器调用存储在所述存储器中的指令，执行以下处理：
    通过所述通信接口向第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元发送第一消息，所述第一消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端支持单网络的注册；
    通过所述通信接口接收来自所述第一接入管理网元的所述第一消息的第一响应消息，所述第一消息的响应消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元与所述第二通信网络的第二接入管理网元之间是否存在接口的信息。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的终端，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    根据所述第一响应消息确定不存在所述接口；
    通过所述通信接口向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息中包括切换指示信息。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的终端，其特征在于，所述第一响应消息中还包括所述第一接入管理网元选择的用户数据管理网元是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的终端，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    根据所述第一响应消息确定不存在所述接口和/或所述第一接入管理网元选择的用户数据管理网元不支持所述第二通信网络；
    通过所述通信接口向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息中包括切换指示信息。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的终端，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    通过所述通信接口向所述第一接入管理网元发起第二消息，所述第二消息用于请求建立会话；
    通过所述通信接口接收来自所述第一接入管理网元的第二消息的第二响应消息，所述第二响应消息中包括所述第一通信网络中的会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的终端，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    根据所述第一响应消息确定不存在所述接口，和/或，根据所述第二响应消息确定所述第一通 信网络中的接入管理网元、会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个不支持所述第二通信网络的信息；
    通过所述通信接口向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息中包括切换指示信息。
  16. 一种接入管理网元，其特征在于，包括：通信接口、处理器以及存储器；
    所述处理器调用存储在所述存储器中的指令，执行以下处理：
    通过所述通信接口接收来自终端的第一消息，所述第一消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息指示所述终端支持单网络的注册能力；
    通过所述通信接口向所述终端发送所述第一消息的第一响应消息，所述第一响应消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元与所述第二通信网络的第二接入管理网元之间是否存在接口的信息。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的接入管理网元，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    根据所述第一消息，选择用户数据管理网元；
    所述第一响应消息中还包括所述用户数据管理网元是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的接入管理网元，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    通过所述通信接口接收来自所述终端的第二消息，所述第二消息用于请求建立会话；
    通过所述通信接口向所述终端发送所述第二消息的第二响应消息，所述第二响应消息中包括所述第一通信网络中的会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
  19. 一种异系统互操作的装置，其特征在于，该装置包括：
    发送单元，用于向第一通信网络的第一接入管理网元发送第一消息，所述第一消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端支持单网络的注册；
    接收单元，用于接收来自所述第一接入管理网元的所述第一消息的第一响应消息，所述第一消息的响应消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元与所述第二通信网络的第二接入管理网元之间是否存在接口的信息。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    确定单元，用于根据所述第一响应消息确定不存在所述接口；
    所述发送单元还用于：向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息中包括切换指示信息。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一响应消息中还包括所述第一接入管理网元选择的用户数据管理网元是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    确定单元，用于根据所述第一响应消息确定不存在所述接口和/或所述第一接入管理网元选择的用户数据管理网元不支持所述第二通信网络；
    所述发送单元，还用于向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息中包括切换指示信息。
  23. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述发送单元还用于向所述第一接入管理网元发起第二消息，所述第二消息用于请求建立会话；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收来自所述第一接入管理网元的所述第二消息的第二响应消息，所述第二响应消息中包括所述第一通信网络中的会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    所述确定单元，用于根据所述第一响应消息确定不存在所述接口，和/或，所述终端根据所述第二响应消息确定所述第一通信网络中的接入管理网元、会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个不支持所述第二通信网络的信息；
    所述发送单元，还用于向所述第二接入管理网元发送注册请求消息，所述注册请求消息中包括切换指示信息。
  25. 一种异系统互操作的装置，其特征在于，该装置包括：
    接收单元，用于接收来自终端的第一消息，所述第一消息中包括第一指示信息和第二指示，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端支持所述第一通信网络的第一非接入层NAS和第二通信网络的第二NAS，所述第二指示信息指示所述终端支持单网络的注册能力；
    发送单元，用于向所述终端发送所述第一消息的第一响应消息，所述第一响应消息中包括所述第一接入管理网元与所述第二通信网络的第二接入管理网元之间是否存在接口的信息。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    处理单元，用于根据所述第一消息，选择用户数据管理网元，所述第一响应消息中还包括所述用户数据管理网元是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
  27. 根据权利要求25或26所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述接收单元，还用于接收来自所述终端的第二消息，所述第二消息用于请求建立会话；
    所述发送单元，还用于向所述终端发送所述第二消息的第二响应消息，所述第二响应消息中包括所述第一通信网络中的会话管理网元、策略控制网元和用户面网元中的至少一个是否支持所述第二通信网络的信息。
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