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WO2019024738A1 - 一种表面仿木纹铝合金建材的制作方法 - Google Patents

一种表面仿木纹铝合金建材的制作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019024738A1
WO2019024738A1 PCT/CN2018/097037 CN2018097037W WO2019024738A1 WO 2019024738 A1 WO2019024738 A1 WO 2019024738A1 CN 2018097037 W CN2018097037 W CN 2018097037W WO 2019024738 A1 WO2019024738 A1 WO 2019024738A1
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Prior art keywords
aluminum alloy
stamping
minutes
temperature
wood grain
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PCT/CN2018/097037
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘慧�
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刘慧�
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Publication of WO2019024738A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019024738A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/28—Deep-drawing of cylindrical articles using consecutive dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a non-ferrous metal alloy building material, in particular to a method for manufacturing a surface imitation wood-grain aluminum alloy building material.
  • Aluminum is the most used metal material in non-ferrous metals, which meets people's needs in various aspects, such as the production of building materials. At present, there is a large demand for bionics in building materials, that is, imitating natural landscapes. When manufacturing aluminum furniture, many manufacturers have processed their surfaces to meet customer needs, especially chemical and electrochemical treatments, which have resulted in wood-like production. Pattern.
  • the inventors found that when producing certain products, undesired wood grain is generated. For example, when producing a very flat product such as a mirror surface, it is necessary to rework the grain to remove the wood grain. Therefore, the inventors have reprocessed the products with very severe textures and found that the wood grain actually produced by these products is very random, and the inventors have made the present invention by tracing and researching the processes of these wood grain generation. That is, combined with stamping and aluminum alloy materials, physical methods are used to obtain aluminum alloy products with bionic wood grain.
  • the reason for the wood grain is that the aluminum alloy is produced during the stamping process in the process of deformation of the convex rounded portion.
  • the aluminum alloy material in the stamping the higher the content of iron, silicon and magnesium, the flatter the stamping surface is, and the texture is not smooth.
  • the higher the temperature of the heat treatment the longer the time, the less the grain, the grain
  • the size also has a great influence on the stamping performance of the sheet. The thinner the tensile strength and the elongation are, the more rough the surface of the roll and the surface roughness of the sheet are, and the more obvious the grain formation is.
  • stamping process of the present invention does not require a corresponding wood grain on the mold, which is completely derived from the material and processing of the aluminum alloy to cause significant wood grain.
  • the invention firstly provides a physical manufacturing method for a surface imitation wood grain aluminum alloy building material, which is produced on the surface of an aluminum alloy material by the manufacturing method, and is characterized in that the manufacturing method comprises using an aluminum alloy.
  • the material is used to make stamping blanks, stamping to form wood grain, and flattening processes;
  • the aluminum alloy material is characterized by a percentage by weight, which comprises the following components: 0.30 to 0.60% of iron, 0.01 to 0.03% of silicon, 0.10 to 0.30% of magnesium, the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities; It is characterized in that the total content of impurities in the aluminum alloy is ⁇ 0.3% by weight.
  • stamping blank specifically comprises:
  • the aluminum alloy raw material is added into the melting furnace, the temperature of the melting furnace is 730-780 ° C, the melting time is 120-150 minutes, and the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes when the furnace is flattened, and the covering agent is evenly sprinkled on the surface of the aluminum water.
  • a second agitation is carried out, and the refining agent is blown with nitrogen gas to carry out refining for 10-15 minutes, and after the refining is completed for 30 minutes, the third stirring is performed, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
  • the smelting temperature is 730-780 ° C aluminum water is transferred to the static furnace, the surface of the aluminum water in the furnace is evenly sprinkled with a layer of covering agent, refining and stirring for 10-20 minutes every 60 minutes, and the refining time is 240. minute;
  • the 40I filter plate is added to the flow tank for filtration and then subjected to continuous casting and rolling.
  • the temperature of the front oven is 450-500 ° C
  • the rolling speed is 1000 mm/min
  • the obtained thickness of the finished product of the casting blank is 6.5mm; then cold-rolling the cast-rolled billet, the roll roughness is about 2 ⁇ m, the rolling finish is 2mm, and the stamping blank is obtained by bending deformation correction plate type through a tension leveler;
  • the forming of the wood grain by the stamping comprises:
  • the billet is rapidly cooled to a temperature of about 250 ° C in a low-temperature nitrogen atmosphere, and then the billet is placed in a cylindrical mold and then pressed and drawn into a bottomed cylindrical body by a punch;
  • the flattening process includes cutting the bottom of the bottomed cylindrical body, then cutting the cylindrical body to expand and flatten.
  • the imitation wood grain on the surface of the aluminum alloy obtained by the method is random at random, artistic and low in cost, and can be processed by using existing equipment, and the processing process is very small.
  • Fig. 1 is a view showing the finished product of the surface of the aluminum alloy by stamping of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is another finished view of the surface of the aluminum alloy obtained by stamping of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a view of a stamping apparatus selected for use in the present invention.
  • the invention firstly provides a physical manufacturing method for a surface imitation wood grain aluminum alloy building material, which is produced on the surface of an aluminum alloy material by the manufacturing method, and is characterized in that the manufacturing method comprises using an aluminum alloy.
  • the material is used to make stamping blanks, stamping to form wood grain, and flattening processes;
  • the aluminum alloy material is characterized by a percentage by weight, which comprises the following components: 0.30% iron, 0.03% silicon, 0.10% magnesium, the balance aluminum and unavoidable impurities; characterized by weight percentage
  • the total content of impurities in the aluminum alloy is ⁇ 0.3%.
  • Such materials will have poor fluid continuity during the stamping process. If it is not feasible to process very flat aluminum alloy products, it is just the right to make decorative sheets with rough surface and irregular wood grain. Suitable.
  • stamping blank specifically comprises:
  • the aluminum alloy raw material is added into the melting furnace, the temperature of the melting furnace is 730-780 ° C, the melting time is 120-150 minutes, and the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes when the furnace is flattened, and the covering agent is evenly sprinkled on the surface of the aluminum water.
  • a second agitation is carried out, and the refining agent is blown with nitrogen gas to carry out refining for 10-15 minutes, and after the refining is completed for 30 minutes, the third stirring is performed, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
  • the smelting temperature is 730-780 ° C aluminum water is transferred to the static furnace, the surface of the aluminum water in the furnace is evenly sprinkled with a layer of covering agent, refining and stirring for 10-20 minutes every 60 minutes, and the refining time is 240. minute;
  • the 40I filter plate is added to the flow tank for filtration and then subjected to continuous casting and rolling.
  • the temperature of the front oven is 450-500 ° C
  • the rolling speed is 1000 mm/min
  • the obtained thickness of the finished product of the casting blank is 6.5mm
  • the cold rolling of the cast billet is carried out
  • the roll roughness is about 2 ⁇ m
  • the roughness of the roll is much larger than the normal roughness, and the actual process can be made larger
  • the thickness of the rolling is 2mm
  • the straightening machine performs a bending deformation correction plate type to obtain the stamping blank;
  • the forming of the wood grain by the stamping comprises:
  • the billet is rapidly cooled to a temperature of about 250 ° C in a low-temperature nitrogen atmosphere, and then the billet is placed in a cylindrical mold and then pressed and drawn into a bottomed cylinder by a punch, and is stretched.
  • the degree of stretching is obtained through experiments, that is, the product is observed to observe the wood grain after the wood grain is formed by punching, to obtain the wood grain and the shape of the wood grain meets the requirement;
  • the flattening process comprises cutting off the bottom of the bottomed cylindrical body, the bottom can be returned to the processing or used to process a product having a small area, and then the cylindrical body is cut open, unfolded and flattened, so that An aluminum alloy building material having a large amount of rough irregular wood grain is obtained.
  • the above building materials can be covered on the surface of, for example, a security door, a wardrobe, or other aluminum alloy products that require art processing, and are supplemented by other processing such as a coloring process, which will not be described here.
  • the invention firstly provides a physical manufacturing method for a surface imitation wood grain aluminum alloy building material, which is produced on the surface of an aluminum alloy material by the manufacturing method, and is characterized in that the manufacturing method comprises using an aluminum alloy.
  • the material is used to make stamping blanks, stamping to form wood grain, and flattening processes;
  • the aluminum alloy material is characterized by a percentage by weight, which comprises the following components: 0.30 to 0.60% of iron, 0.01 to 0.03% of silicon, 0.10 to 0.30% of magnesium, the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities; It is characterized in that the total content of impurities in the aluminum alloy is ⁇ 0.3% by weight.
  • stamping blank specifically comprises:
  • the aluminum alloy raw material is added into the melting furnace, the temperature of the melting furnace is 730-780 ° C, the melting time is 120-150 minutes, and the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes when the furnace is flattened, and the covering agent is evenly sprinkled on the surface of the aluminum water.
  • a second agitation is carried out, and the refining agent is blown with nitrogen gas to carry out refining for 10-15 minutes, and after the refining is completed for 30 minutes, the third stirring is performed, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
  • the smelting temperature is 730-780 ° C aluminum water is transferred to the static furnace, the surface of the aluminum water in the furnace is evenly sprinkled with a layer of covering agent, refining and stirring for 10-20 minutes every 60 minutes, and the refining time is 240. minute;
  • the 40I filter plate is added to the flow tank for filtration and then subjected to continuous casting and rolling.
  • the temperature of the front oven is 450-500 ° C
  • the rolling speed is 1000 mm/min
  • the obtained thickness of the finished product of the casting blank is 6.5mm
  • cold rolling the casting blank the roll roughness is about 5 ⁇ m
  • the rolling thickness is 2mm
  • the bending material is corrected by the tensioning machine to obtain the stamping blank;
  • the forming of the wood grain by the stamping comprises:
  • the billet is rapidly cooled to a temperature of about 250 ° C in a low-temperature nitrogen atmosphere, and then the billet is placed in a cylindrical mold and then pressed and drawn into a bottomed cylinder by a punch; the stamping process can be optimized
  • the temperature-changing stamping process is carried out, such that the difference in temperature causes the wood grain to be further deformed and more random.
  • the punching device as shown in FIG. 3 is selected in the embodiment, which is mainly composed of a punch 13 , a die 5 , a bead ring 6 , heating and Cooling system composition.
  • the non-isothermal stamping forming die is mounted on a double-acting or three-action press, and a heat insulating plate is used to avoid heat conduction between the die and the press.
  • the bead ring 6, the heating plate 7 (the built-in heating coil 15) and the heat insulating plate (II) 8 are fixed on the upper die plate 9 from bottom to top, and the upper die plate 9 can be moved in the vertical direction along the guide post 18;
  • the die 5 , the cooling plate 4 (built-in circulating liquid 19, such as: cooling water or other liquid) and the heat insulating plate (I) 3 are fixed on the lower die plate 2 from bottom to top, and the lower die plate 2 is fixed on the lower table 1 of the press;
  • the die 13 is fixed on the punch holder 12, and the punch 13 and the die holder 12 are built into the draft tube 14 to ensure that the circulating liquid 19 is in full contact with the punch 13, and they are fixed to the press together with the heat insulating plate (III) 11.
  • the beam 10 can move vertically along the guide post 18.
  • the bead ring 6 is heated by a heating device (heating plate 7) while entering the liquid input end C from the die circulating liquid through the circulating liquid 19 in the cooling plate 4, and flowing out to the die circulating liquid output end D, to the die 5
  • the blank 17 is placed between the bead ring 6 and the die 5 to form a suitable temperature gradient in the bead ring 6, the blank 17 and the die 5.
  • the liquid constant temperature circulation system in which the punch 13 and the punch holder 12 are inserted enters through the circulating liquid 19 from the punch circulating liquid input end A of the punch holder 12, and is inserted through the punch 13 and the punch holder 12.
  • the draft tube 14 is discharged to the male circulating liquid output end B to ensure that the male mold 13 has a relatively stable temperature.
  • the thermocouple 16 is used to test the temperature of the binder ring 6 and the die 5, and the controller is used to adjust the power of the heating coil to maintain the binder ring 6 and the die 5 at a relatively stable temperature.
  • the bead ring 6 is heated to a suitable temperature by the heating coil 15 before the start of forming, while the constant temperature circulating liquid 19 is introduced into the cooling plate 4 below the die 5, and the circulating liquid of constant temperature is also introduced into the punch 13.
  • the blank 17 is placed on the upper surface of the die 5, and the presser ring 6 is clamped with the die 5 and a reasonable blanking force is applied. Then, the punch moves downward to deform the blank to the desired shape.
  • the flattening process comprises cutting off the bottom of the bottomed cylindrical body, the bottom can be returned to the processing or used to process a product having a small area, and then the cylindrical body is cut open, unfolded and flattened, so that An aluminum alloy building material having a large amount of rough irregular wood grain is obtained.
  • the above building materials can be covered on the surface of, for example, a security door, a wardrobe, or other aluminum alloy products that require art processing, and are supplemented by other processing such as a coloring process, which will not be described here.
  • the invention firstly provides a physical manufacturing method for a surface imitation wood grain aluminum alloy building material, which is produced on the surface of an aluminum alloy material by the manufacturing method, and is characterized in that the manufacturing method comprises using an aluminum alloy.
  • the material is used to make stamping blanks, stamping to form wood grain, and flattening processes;
  • the aluminum alloy material is characterized by a percentage by weight, which comprises the following components: 0.30 to 0.60% of iron, 0.01 to 0.03% of silicon, 0.10% of magnesium, the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities;
  • the total content of impurities in the aluminum alloy is ⁇ 0.3% by weight.
  • the most important feature of this embodiment is that the magnesium content is lowered, and the wood grain of the magnesium content is significantly increased by the present example.
  • stamping blank specifically comprises:
  • the aluminum alloy raw material is added into the melting furnace, the temperature of the melting furnace is 730-780 ° C, the melting time is 120-150 minutes, and the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes when the furnace is flattened, and the covering agent is evenly sprinkled on the surface of the aluminum water.
  • a second agitation is carried out, and the refining agent is blown with nitrogen gas to carry out refining for 10-15 minutes, and after the refining is completed for 30 minutes, the third stirring is performed, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
  • the smelting temperature is 730-780 ° C aluminum water is transferred to the static furnace, the surface of the aluminum water in the furnace is evenly sprinkled with a layer of covering agent, refining and stirring for 10-20 minutes every 60 minutes, and the refining time is 240. minute;
  • the 40I filter plate is added to the flow tank for filtration and then subjected to continuous casting and rolling.
  • the temperature of the front oven is 450-500 ° C
  • the rolling speed is 1000 mm/min
  • the obtained thickness of the finished product of the casting blank is 6.5mm
  • cold rolling the casting blank the roll roughness is about 5 ⁇ m
  • the rolling thickness is 2mm
  • the bending material is corrected by the tensioning machine to obtain the stamping blank;
  • the forming of the wood grain by the stamping comprises:
  • the billet is rapidly cooled to a temperature of about 250 ° C in a low-temperature nitrogen atmosphere, and then the billet is placed in a cylindrical mold and then pressed and drawn into a bottomed cylinder by a punch; the stamping process can be optimized
  • the temperature-changing stamping process is carried out, such that the difference in temperature causes the wood grain to be further deformed and more random.
  • the punching device as shown in FIG. 3 is selected in the embodiment, which is mainly composed of a punch 13 , a die 5 , a bead ring 6 , heating and Cooling system composition.
  • the non-isothermal stamping forming die is mounted on a double-acting or three-action press, and a heat insulating plate is used to avoid heat conduction between the die and the press.
  • the bead ring 6, the heating plate 7 (the built-in heating coil 15) and the heat insulating plate (II) 8 are fixed on the upper die plate 9 from bottom to top, and the upper die plate 9 can be moved in the vertical direction along the guide post 18;
  • the die 5 , the cooling plate 4 (built-in circulating liquid 19, such as: cooling water or other liquid) and the heat insulating plate (I) 3 are fixed on the lower die plate 2 from bottom to top, and the lower die plate 2 is fixed on the lower table 1 of the press;
  • the die 13 is fixed on the punch holder 12, and the punch 13 and the die holder 12 are built into the draft tube 14 to ensure that the circulating liquid 19 is in full contact with the punch 13, and they are fixed to the press together with the heat insulating plate (III) 11.
  • the beam 10 can move vertically along the guide post 18.
  • the bead ring 6 is heated by a heating device (heating plate 7) while entering the liquid input end C from the die circulating liquid through the circulating liquid 19 in the cooling plate 4, and flowing out to the die circulating liquid output end D, to the die 5
  • the blank 17 is placed between the bead ring 6 and the die 5 to form a suitable temperature gradient in the bead ring 6, the blank 17 and the die 5.
  • the liquid constant temperature circulation system in which the punch 13 and the punch holder 12 are inserted enters through the circulating liquid 19 from the punch circulating liquid input end A of the punch holder 12, and is inserted through the punch 13 and the punch holder 12.
  • the draft tube 14 is discharged to the male circulating liquid output end B to ensure that the male mold 13 has a relatively stable temperature.
  • the thermocouple 16 is used to test the temperature of the binder ring 6 and the die 5, and the controller is used to adjust the power of the heating coil to maintain the binder ring 6 and the die 5 at a relatively stable temperature.
  • the bead ring 6 is heated to a suitable temperature by the heating coil 15 before the start of forming, while the constant temperature circulating liquid 19 is introduced into the cooling plate 4 below the die 5, and the circulating liquid of constant temperature is also introduced into the punch 13.
  • the blank 17 is placed on the upper surface of the die 5, and the presser ring 6 is clamped with the die 5 and a reasonable blanking force is applied. Then, the punch moves downward to deform the blank to the desired shape.
  • the flattening process comprises cutting off the bottom of the bottomed cylindrical body, the bottom can be returned to the processing or used to process a product having a small area, and then the cylindrical body is cut open, unfolded and flattened, so that An aluminum alloy building material having a large amount of rough irregular wood grain is obtained as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the above building materials can be covered on the surface of, for example, a security door, a wardrobe, or other aluminum alloy products that require art processing, and are supplemented by other processing such as a coloring process, which will not be described here.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种表面仿木纹铝合金建材的制作方法，采用物理加工方法在铝合金材料表面制作产生仿木纹，包括使用一种铝合金材料制作冲压坯料、冲压形成木纹、以及平展过程。还涉及一种铝合金材料，按重量百分比含量，包括下列组分：0.30～0.60％的铁，0.01～0.03％的硅，0.10～0.30％的镁，余量为铝以及不可避免的杂质，杂质的总含量＜0.3％。该方法可以在铝合金建材表面得到每次都随机的仿木纹，且成本低，污染小。

Description

一种表面仿木纹铝合金建材的制作方法 技术领域
本发明涉及有色金属合金建材，其尤其涉及一种表面仿木纹铝合金建材的制作方法。
背景技术
铝材是有色金属中使用量最大的金属材料，其满足了人们在各方面的需求，例如在生产装修建材。在目前建材有很大的仿生需求，即模仿自然景观，铝型材在制作家具时有很多厂家为迎合客户需求而将其表面进行处理加工，尤其是化学和电化学处理，而使得其产生仿木纹。
制作表面木纹的方式很多，如用模具进行模压，这种方式死板千篇一律如专利CN1944086A等；或者在铝合金表面直接印上木纹色彩或者进行电化学如使用电解液加工，这样加工出来的木纹效果好，随即度大，很像天然产生的木纹，但是这些加工方法污染很重。
发明人在铝合金的生产过程中，发现在生产某些产品的时候会产生不需要的木纹，例如生产镜面等非常平整的产品时，需要对纹路进行再加工而去除这些木纹。于是发明人对纹路非常严重的产品进行再加工后发现，这些产品实际产生的木纹是非常随机的，而对这些木纹产生的过程进行追溯和研究，发明人做出了本发明。即结合冲压和铝合金材质而利用物理方法获得效果极佳的带有仿生木纹的铝合金产品。
发明内容
这里要解释的是本发明的原理，例如在生产易拉罐等需要冲压的产品时，产生木纹的原因是铝合金在冲压过程中，在凸出的圆角部分变形过程中产生的，在经过大量的试验后发现，铝合金材料在冲压中，铁、硅、镁的含量越高冲压表面更平整而不会产生纹路，此外热处理的温度越高，时间越长越不会产生纹路，晶粒的大小也明显对板材的冲压性能有很大的影响，越细小其抗拉强度和延伸率都会提高，轧辊的表面和板材表面粗糙度越粗糙冲压形成木纹越明显。
并且要说明的是本发明的冲压过程是不需要模具上具备对应的木纹的，其完全来自于铝合金的材质和加工过程而使得其产生明显的木纹。
本发明首先提供了一种表面仿木纹铝合金建材的物理制作方法，其通过所述制作方法在铝合金材料表面制作产生仿木纹，其特征在于，所述制作方法包括使用一种铝合金材料制作冲压坯料、冲压形成木纹、以及平展过程；
其中的铝合金材料特征为按重量百分比含量，其包括下列组分：0.30～0.60％的铁，0.01～0.03％的硅，0.10～0.30％的镁，余量为铝以及不可避免的杂质；其特征在于，按重量百分比，所述的铝合金中的杂质的总含量＜0.3％。
I.所述制作冲压坯料具体包括：
向熔化炉内加入所述铝合金原材料，熔炼炉温度为730-780℃，熔炼时间为120-150分钟，当炉料化平时进行10分钟的搅拌，在铝水表面均匀撒上覆盖剂，当料温达到700℃时，进行第二次搅拌，并使用氮气吹入精炼剂，进行10-15分钟的精炼，精炼完成30分钟后进行第3次搅拌，搅拌时长5分钟；
将熔炼所得温度为730-780℃铝水转注至静置炉内，静置炉内铝水表面均匀撒上一层覆盖剂，每隔60分钟进行10-20分钟的精炼搅拌，静置精炼时间为240分钟；
将熔体除气，将氢含量控制在0.14ml/100gAl以内；
在流槽内加入40I过滤板进行过滤后进行连铸连轧，所述铸轧过程中前温箱温度为450-500℃，轧制速度为1000mm/min，获得的铸轧坯料成品的厚度为6.5mm；再对铸轧坯料进行冷轧，轧辊粗糙度在2μm左右，轧制完成厚度为2mm，并经过拉矫机进行弯曲变形纠正板型得到所述冲压坯料；
II.所述冲压形成木纹具体包括：
将所述坯料在低温氮气环境中快速降温至250℃左右，然后将所述坯料载置于圆筒形的模具后用冲头压制并拉伸加工成有底的圆筒体；
III.所述平展过程包括将所述有底的圆筒体的底部剪除，然后将所述圆筒体剪开后展开并压平。
通过所述方法得到的铝合金表面的仿木纹每次都是随机的，艺术性强，成本又非常低，其可以采用现有的设备进行加工获取，并且其加工过程污染非常小。
附图说明
图1为本发明的冲压得到铝合金表面木纹的成品图。
图2为本发明的冲压得到铝合金表面木纹的另一成品图。
图3为本发明选用的一种冲压设备图。
具体实施方式
实施例一。
本发明首先提供了一种表面仿木纹铝合金建材的物理制作方法，其通过所述制作方法在铝合金材料表面制作产生仿木纹，其特征在于，所述制作方法包括使用一种铝合金材料制作冲压坯料、冲压形成木纹、以及平展过程；
其中的铝合金材料特征为按重量百分比含量，其包括下列组分：0.30％的铁，0.03％的硅，0.10％的镁，余量为铝以及不可避免的杂质；其特征在于，按重量百分比，所述的铝合金中的杂质的总含量＜0.3％。这样的材料在冲压过程中，其流体连续 性会比较差，如果用来加工制作非常平整的铝合金产品是不可行的，但是用于制作表面粗糙且具备不规则木纹的装饰用板材反而正好合适。
I.所述制作冲压坯料具体包括：
向熔化炉内加入所述铝合金原材料，熔炼炉温度为730-780℃，熔炼时间为120-150分钟，当炉料化平时进行10分钟的搅拌，在铝水表面均匀撒上覆盖剂，当料温达到700℃时，进行第二次搅拌，并使用氮气吹入精炼剂，进行10-15分钟的精炼，精炼完成30分钟后进行第3次搅拌，搅拌时长5分钟；
将熔炼所得温度为730-780℃铝水转注至静置炉内，静置炉内铝水表面均匀撒上一层覆盖剂，每隔60分钟进行10-20分钟的精炼搅拌，静置精炼时间为240分钟；
将熔体除气，将氢含量控制在0.14ml/100gAl以内；
在流槽内加入40I过滤板进行过滤后进行连铸连轧，所述铸轧过程中前温箱温度为450-500℃，轧制速度为1000mm/min，获得的铸轧坯料成品的厚度为6.5mm；再对铸轧坯料进行冷轧，轧辊粗糙度在2μm左右，轧辊的粗糙度比正常的粗糙度大很多，实际过程中可以做的更加大，轧制完成厚度为2mm，并经过拉矫机进行弯曲变形纠正板型得到所述冲压坯料；
II.所述冲压形成木纹具体包括：
将所述坯料在低温氮气环境中快速降温至250℃左右，然后将所述坯料载置于圆筒形的模具后用冲头压制并拉伸加工成有底的圆筒体，拉伸加工的过程通过实验而得到拉伸的程度，即对产品进行观察在冲压出现木纹后观察木纹的情况，以得到木纹且木纹的形状满足要求为度；
III.所述平展过程包括将所述有底的圆筒体的底部剪除，底部可以返回加工或者用于加工面积较小的产品，然后将所述圆筒体剪开后展开并压平，这样就得到具备大量的粗糙不规则木纹的铝合金建材。可以将以上建材覆盖在例如防盗门，衣柜，或者其他需要艺术加工的铝合金产品的表面，再辅以其他的加工如上色加工过程即可，这些这里不再赘述。
实施例二。
本发明首先提供了一种表面仿木纹铝合金建材的物理制作方法，其通过所述制作方法在铝合金材料表面制作产生仿木纹，其特征在于，所述制作方法包括使用一种铝合金材料制作冲压坯料、冲压形成木纹、以及平展过程；
其中的铝合金材料特征为按重量百分比含量，其包括下列组分：0.30～0.60％的铁，0.01～0.03％的硅，0.10～0.30％的镁，余量为铝以及不可避免的杂质；其特征在于，按重量百分比，所述的铝合金中的杂质的总含量＜0.3％。
这样的材料在冲压过程中，其流体连续性会比较差，如果用来加工制作非常平整的铝合金产品是不可行的，但是用于制作表面粗糙且具备不规则木纹的装饰用板材反而正好合适。
I.所述制作冲压坯料具体包括：
向熔化炉内加入所述铝合金原材料，熔炼炉温度为730-780℃，熔炼时间为120-150分钟，当炉料化平时进行10分钟的搅拌，在铝水表面均匀撒上覆盖剂，当料温达到700℃时，进行第二次搅拌，并使用氮气吹入精炼剂，进行10-15分钟的精炼，精炼完成30分钟后进行第3次搅拌，搅拌时长5分钟；
将熔炼所得温度为730-780℃铝水转注至静置炉内，静置炉内铝水表面均匀撒上一层覆盖剂，每隔60分钟进行10-20分钟的精炼搅拌，静置精炼时间为240分钟；
将熔体除气，将氢含量控制在0.14ml/100gAl以内；
在流槽内加入40I过滤板进行过滤后进行连铸连轧，所述铸轧过程中前温箱温度为450-500℃，轧制速度为1000mm/min，获得的铸轧坯料成品的厚度为6.5mm；再对铸轧坯料进行冷轧，轧辊粗糙度在5μm左右，轧制完成厚度为2mm，并经过拉矫机进行弯曲变形纠正板型得到所述冲压坯料；
II.所述冲压形成木纹具体包括：
将所述坯料在低温氮气环境中快速降温至250℃左右，然后将所述坯料载置于圆筒形的模具后用冲头压制并拉伸加工成有底的圆筒体；冲压过程可以优选进行变温的冲压过程，这样温度的不同使得木纹进一步变形而更加随机，本实施例选用的如图3所述冲压装置，其主要由凸模13、凹模5、压边圈6、加热和冷却系统组成。非等温冲压成形模具安装在双动或者三动压力机上，采用绝热板以避免模具与压力机之间的热传导。压边圈6、加热板7(内置加热线圈15)和绝热板(II)8自下而上固定在上模板9上，上模板9可以沿着导柱18作垂直方向的运动；凹模5、冷却板4(内置循环液体19，如：冷却水或其它液体)和绝热板(I)3自下而上固定在下模板2上，下模板2固定在压力机的下工作台1上；凸模13固定在凸模座12上，凸模13和凸模座12内置入导流管14以保证循环液体19与凸模13充分接触，它们与绝热板(III)11一起固定在压力机的横梁10上，横梁10沿着导柱18可以作垂直方向的运动。采用加热装置(加热板7)对压边圈6进行加热，同时通过冷却板4内的循环液体19自凹模循环液体输入端C进入，至凹模循环液体输出端D流出，对凹模5进行循环冷却，放入坯料17于压边圈6与凹模5之间合模后，在压边圈6、坯料17和凹模5中形成一个合适的温度梯度。此外，置入凸模13和凸模座12的液体恒温循环系统通过循环液体19自开设于凸模座12的凸模循环液体输入端A进入，经穿设于凸模13和凸模座12 的导流管14至凸模循环液体输出端B流出，保证凸模13具有一相对稳定的温度。热电偶16用于测试压边圈6和凹模5的温度，并采用控制器调节加热线圈的功率使压边圈6和凹模5保持相对稳定的温度。在成形开始前采用加热线圈15对压边圈6进行加热到合适的温度，同时凹模5下边的冷却板4内通入恒温的循环液体19，凸模13内也通入恒定温度的循环液体，当压边圈6和凹模5内的热电偶16显示出要求的温度时，将坯料17放置在凹模5上表面，压边圈6与凹模5合模并施加合理的压边力，随后冲头向下运动变形坯料到要求的形状即可。
III.所述平展过程包括将所述有底的圆筒体的底部剪除，底部可以返回加工或者用于加工面积较小的产品，然后将所述圆筒体剪开后展开并压平，这样就得到具备大量的粗糙不规则木纹的铝合金建材。可以将以上建材覆盖在例如防盗门，衣柜，或者其他需要艺术加工的铝合金产品的表面，再辅以其他的加工如上色加工过程即可，这些这里不再赘述。
实施例三。
本发明首先提供了一种表面仿木纹铝合金建材的物理制作方法，其通过所述制作方法在铝合金材料表面制作产生仿木纹，其特征在于，所述制作方法包括使用一种铝合金材料制作冲压坯料、冲压形成木纹、以及平展过程；
其中的铝合金材料特征为按重量百分比含量，其包括下列组分：0.30～0.60％的铁，0.01～0.03％的硅，0.10％的镁，余量为铝以及不可避免的杂质；其特征在于，按重量百分比，所述的铝合金中的杂质的总含量＜0.3％。本实施例最大的特点在于降低了镁含量，通过本例证明了降低镁含量其木纹明显增加了。
I.所述制作冲压坯料具体包括：
向熔化炉内加入所述铝合金原材料，熔炼炉温度为730-780℃，熔炼时间为120-150分钟，当炉料化平时进行10分钟的搅拌，在铝水表面均匀撒上覆盖剂，当料温达到700℃时，进行第二次搅拌，并使用氮气吹入精炼剂，进行10-15分钟的精炼，精炼完成30分钟后进行第3次搅拌，搅拌时长5分钟；
将熔炼所得温度为730-780℃铝水转注至静置炉内，静置炉内铝水表面均匀撒上一层覆盖剂，每隔60分钟进行10-20分钟的精炼搅拌，静置精炼时间为240分钟；
将熔体除气，将氢含量控制在0.14ml/100gAl以内；
在流槽内加入40I过滤板进行过滤后进行连铸连轧，所述铸轧过程中前温箱温度为450-500℃，轧制速度为1000mm/min，获得的铸轧坯料成品的厚度为6.5mm；再对铸轧坯料进行冷轧，轧辊粗糙度在5μm左右，轧制完成厚度为2mm，并经过拉矫机进行弯曲变形纠正板型得到所述冲压坯料；
II.所述冲压形成木纹具体包括：
将所述坯料在低温氮气环境中快速降温至250℃左右，然后将所述坯料载置于圆筒形的模具后用冲头压制并拉伸加工成有底的圆筒体；冲压过程可以优选进行变温的冲压过程，这样温度的不同使得木纹进一步变形而更加随机，本实施例选用的如图3所述冲压装置，其主要由凸模13、凹模5、压边圈6、加热和冷却系统组成。非等温冲压成形模具安装在双动或者三动压力机上，采用绝热板以避免模具与压力机之间的热传导。压边圈6、加热板7(内置加热线圈15)和绝热板(II)8自下而上固定在上模板9上，上模板9可以沿着导柱18作垂直方向的运动；凹模5、冷却板4(内置循环液体19，如：冷却水或其它液体)和绝热板(I)3自下而上固定在下模板2上，下模板2固定在压力机的下工作台1上；凸模13固定在凸模座12上，凸模13和凸模座12内置入导流管14以保证循环液体19与凸模13充分接触，它们与绝热板(III)11一起固定在压力机的横梁10上，横梁10沿着导柱18可以作垂直方向的运动。采用加热装置(加热板7)对压边圈6进行加热，同时通过冷却板4内的循环液体19自凹模循环液体输入端C进入，至凹模循环液体输出端D流出，对凹模5进行循环冷却，放入坯料17于压边圈6与凹模5之间合模后，在压边圈6、坯料17和凹模5中形成一个合适的温度梯度。此外，置入凸模13和凸模座12的液体恒温循环系统通过循环液体19自开设于凸模座12的凸模循环液体输入端A进入，经穿设于凸模13和凸模座12的导流管14至凸模循环液体输出端B流出，保证凸模13具有一相对稳定的温度。热电偶16用于测试压边圈6和凹模5的温度，并采用控制器调节加热线圈的功率使压边圈6和凹模5保持相对稳定的温度。在成形开始前采用加热线圈15对压边圈6进行加热到合适的温度，同时凹模5下边的冷却板4内通入恒温的循环液体19，凸模13内也通入恒定温度的循环液体，当压边圈6和凹模5内的热电偶16显示出要求的温度时，将坯料17放置在凹模5上表面，压边圈6与凹模5合模并施加合理的压边力，随后冲头向下运动变形坯料到要求的形状即可。
III.所述平展过程包括将所述有底的圆筒体的底部剪除，底部可以返回加工或者用于加工面积较小的产品，然后将所述圆筒体剪开后展开并压平，这样就得到具备大量的粗糙不规则木纹的铝合金建材如图2所示。可以将以上建材覆盖在例如防盗门，衣柜，或者其他需要艺术加工的铝合金产品的表面，再辅以其他的加工如上色加工过程即可，这些这里不再赘述。

Claims (2)

1.一种装饰用铝合金材料，按重量百分比含量，其包括下列组分：0.30～0.60％的铁，0.01～0.03％的硅，0.10～0.30％的镁，余量为铝以及不可避免的杂质；其特征在于，按重量百分比，所述的铝合金中的杂质的总含量＜0.3％，并且所述装饰用铝合金材料经过制作冲压坯料、冲压形成木纹、以及平展过程而在所述装饰用铝合金材料表面制作产生仿木纹。
一种表面仿木纹铝合金建材的制作方法，其通过所述制作方法在铝合金材料表面制作产生仿木纹，其特征在于，所述制作方法包括使用权利要求1所述的铝合金材料制作冲压坯料、冲压形成木纹、以及平展过程；
I.所述制作冲压坯料具体包括：
向熔化炉内加入所述铝合金原材料，熔炼炉温度为730-780℃，熔炼时间为120-150分钟，当炉料化平时进行10分钟的搅拌，在铝水表面均匀撒上覆盖剂，当料温达到700℃时，进行第二次搅拌，并使用氮气吹入精炼剂，进行10-15分钟的精炼，精炼完成30分钟后进行第3次搅拌，搅拌时长5分钟；
将熔炼所得温度为730-780℃铝水转注至静置炉内，静置炉内铝水表面均匀撒上一层覆盖剂，每隔60分钟进行10-20分钟的精炼搅拌，静置精炼时间为240分钟；
将熔体除气，将氢含量控制在0.14ml/100gAl以内；
在流槽内加入40I过滤板进行过滤后进行连铸连轧，所述铸轧过程中前温箱温度为450-500℃，轧制速度为1000mm/min，获得的铸轧坯料成品的厚度为6.5mm；再对铸轧坯料进行冷轧，轧辊粗糙度在2μm左右，轧制完成厚度为2mm，并经过拉矫机进行弯曲变形纠正板型得到所述冲压坯料；
II.所述冲压形成木纹具体包括：
将所述坯料在低温氮气环境中快速降温至250℃左右，然后将所述坯料载置于圆筒形的模具后用冲头压制并拉伸成有底的圆筒体；
III.所述平展过程包括将所述有底的圆筒体的底部剪除，然后将所述圆筒体剪开后展开并压平。
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