WO2019016394A1

WO2019016394A1 - Forging method, in particular lightweight construction alloy forging method, and forging press

Info

Publication number: WO2019016394A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/069830
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ephraim SCHWEGLER; Andreas Kroner
Original assignee: Leiber Group Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2017-07-21
Filing date: 2018-07-20
Publication date: 2019-01-24
Also published as: DE102017116556B4; EP3655176A1; DE102017116556A1; EP3655176B1

Abstract

The invention relates to forging methods, in particular lightweight construction alloy forging methods, wherein in at least one method step a forged component is cooled in a forging tool (14, 16, 18), in particular in a shaping, stamping and/or calibration tool. It is proposed that, in at least one method step, at least one forging press parameter, in particular a maximum press force and/or a press ram position, of a forging press (20, 22) is changed or is kept at a constant value, in particular according to a cooling of the forged component in the forging tool (14, 16, 18). The invention also relates to a forging press.

Description

FORGING PROCEDURES, ESPECIALLY

LIGHTWEIGHT ALLOY FORGING, AND FORGING PRESSURE

PRIOR ART The invention relates to a forging method, in particular one

Lightweight alloy forging method, according to the preamble of claim 1.

EP 3 124 633 A1 and EP 2 644 727 B1 already disclose forging processes, in particular lightweight alloy forging processes, which are intended for the production of forged components, in particular of forged aluminum components.

Furthermore, from DE 10 2007 040 597 A1 and DE 27 14 648 A1 already

Forging process known, in which at least one process step, a cooling of a forging component takes place in a forging tool.

The object of the invention is, in particular, to provide a generic method with improved properties with regard to achievable material properties of forged components and with regard to process stability. The object is achieved by the features of claim 1, while advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention can be taken from the dependent claims. Advantages of the invention

The invention is based on a forging method, in particular of a lightweight alloy forging method, in particular for the production of lightweight alloy components for the automotive, aerospace and / or industrial sectors, wherein cooling of a forging component in at least one method step a forging tool, in particular in a forming, stamping and / or

Calibration tool, takes place.

It is proposed that in at least one method step at least one forging press parameter, in particular a maximum press force and / or a press ram position, of a forging press, in particular depending on a cooling of the forging component in the forging tool, is changed or kept at a constant value. Preferably, a cooling of the

Forging components directly in the forging tool, in particular in an immediate connection to a hot forming of the forging component or already during a hot forming of the forging component.

Preferably, the forging method is designed in a manner already known to a person skilled in the art such that in at least one method step of the forging method an at least substantially entire material cross section of the forging component is plasticized. Preferably, by the forging method, a three-dimensional stress distribution in the forging component during a deformation of a semifinished product for forging component. Preferably, a semi-finished product in the form of a continuous casting material or an extrusion material for a production of the

Forging component used by forging. This is preferred

Forging process designed such that a homogeneous as possible

Temperature distribution in the forging component can be realized, such as by means of a forging tool already known to a person skilled in the art, which is preferably designed as a pre-die, in particular to local deformation in the forging component specifically in a manner already known to a person skilled in the art.

Preferably, in at least one method step, in particular before cooling of a forging component in a forging tool, hot forging of the forging component takes place in a forging tool. The forging tool, in which the forging is hot formed, may be different from that

Forging tool in which the forging component is cooled or it may be the same forging tool in which the forging component is hot-formed and cooled. Preferably, the forging tool is designed as a die, for example as a pre-die, as a finished die or as another, a person skilled in the art as sensible appearing Gesenk. The, in particular designed as a die, forging tool can be designed as a forming, stamping or calibration tool.

Preferably, a deformation of the forging component takes place in the, in particular designed as a die, forging tool at a forming temperature of

in particular more than 300 ° C, preferably more than 400 ° C, more preferably more than 490 ° C and most preferably less than 700 ° C. Preferably, a deformation of the forging component takes place in the, in particular designed as a die, forging tool at a forming temperature with a value from a value range of 500 ° C to 560 ° C. Preferably, in at least one process step of the forging process, in particular before a cooling of a

Forging component in a forging tool and / or before a forging process designed as a hot forming, at least one semi-finished product used for forging the forging component, preheated, in particular to a temperature of more than 300 ° C, preferably of more than 400 ° C, more preferably greater than 490 ° C and most preferably less than 700 ° C. Preheating of the forging component preferably takes place by means of a device known to a person skilled in the art, for example a furnace or the like.

Preferably takes place in at least one process step, in particular in front of a

Cooling of a forging component in a forging tool and in particular after preheating the semifinished product, a transfer, in particular an at least partially automatic transfer of the semifinished product to a forging device. The

Forging apparatus preferably comprises at least the forging tool in which the forging component, in particular after a hot forming, is cooled.

In addition, the forging can forge other forging tools

Processing of the semifinished product and / or the forging component, such as

For example, a forging tool to a preforming of the semifinished product, a

A forging tool for deburring and / or cutting the forging component, a forging tool for calibrating the forging component and / or other forging tools that appear appropriate to a person skilled in the art. However, it is also conceivable that the semifinished product or the forging component during the forging process to different forging with different from each other

Forging tools for pre-processing, machining and / or finishing, such as preforming, hot working, cutting, cooling, calibrating or the like.

Preferably, in at least one process step of the forging process, a hot aging of the forging component, in particular after a cooling of the

Forged components in a forging tool, in particular to achieve a T4, T5, T6 or T7 state according to DIN EN 515. Preferably, a

Thermal aging of the forging component at a temperature of in particular less than 280 ° C, preferably less than 250 ° C and more preferably less than 220 ° C. Very particular preference is given to a thermal aging of the forging component at a temperature with a value from a value range of 120 ° C to 250 ° C.

Preferably, in at least one method step of the forging process, a forging component transfer takes place, in particular an at least partially automatic transfer

Schmiedebauteilübergabe, the forging from the forging to a, already known to a person skilled in the art, in particular after a cooling of the forging component in a forging tool. Preferably, a forging component transfer of the forging component from the forging device to a hot aging device already known to a person skilled in the art takes place at a forge

Temperature which is above a hot aging temperature of the forging component. Preferably, the forging method is designed such that a residual heat in a ridge of the forging component advantageous to a heating of the

Forged components after cooling in the forging tool on a

Warm Auslagerungstemperatur is used.

Preferably, the forging press characteristic depending on a

Cooling start time and / or at least one by the cooling of the

Forging components in the forging tool conditional characteristic of the forging component, in particular a shrinkage characteristic of the forging component to be changed or kept at a constant value. Preferably, the forging press comprises a path measuring device, which is provided, at least one travel path of a forging press ram and / or at least one forging tool part,

in particular at least one half of the die formed as a die

Forging tool to capture. "Provided" is to be understood in particular to be specially designed and / or specially equipped, including an element and / or a unit is / are intended for a specific function

in particular, be understood that the element and / or the unit fulfills / fulfills / executes / executes this specific function in at least one application and / or operating state. Preferably, the forging press is designed such that at least one forging tool part, in particular at least one die half of the forging tool designed as a die, depending on a caused by a cooling of the forging component shrinkage characteristic of the forging component in a position and / or in a force on the

Forging component is customizable. It is preferred, in particular during cooling of the forging component in the forging tool, at least one forging tool part, in particular at least one die half of the formed as a die

Forging tool, depending on a by a cooling of the

Forged components caused shrinkage characteristic of the forging component moved closer to the forging component and / or one on the in the forging tool

arranged forging component acting pressing force is increased, in particular to counteract a loss of contact between the forging component as a result of a cooling due to shrinkage of the forging component. However, it is also conceivable that a pressing force acting on the forging tool arranged in the forging tool is reduced as a function of a cooling start time or kept constant, in particular a cooling effect of the forging tool on the in

Forging tool arranged to forge targeted to influence.

It is also conceivable for the forging tool part, in particular the at least one die half of the forging tool designed as die, to have individually movable subregions which are independent of one another, in particular in addition to a travel path of the entire forging tool part, in particular the at least one die half of the forging tool designed as a die, are movable, in particular to selectively cool individual areas of the forging component, for example, have a greater maximum material thickness than other areas of the forging component, in particular to achieve a largely homogeneous temperature distribution in the forging during a cooling of the

Blacksmith parts in the forging tool. Preferably, the individually movable trained portions of the forging tool are formed such that these independently and / or independently of a main body of the Forging tool are movable. Preferably, at least one takes place

Step a tracking movement of the individual parts of the

Forging tool depending on a by the cooling of the

Forging components caused shrinkage of the forging component. Preferably, at least one method step is followed by a tracking movement of the individual sections of the forging tool or the entire forging tool, in particular of the forging half formed as a die, depending on a caused by the cooling of the forging component shrinkage of the forging component to advantageously a concern of the individual portions of the forging tool or forging tool to allow for reliable cooling on an outer surface of the forging tool arranged in the forging tool. Preferably, in at least one method step, a change in position of the individual portions of the forging tool or the entire forging tool, in particular designed as a die half forging tool, depending on a caused by the cooling of the forging component shrinkage of the forging component. It is also conceivable that in at least one method step, the individual portions of the forging tool different, especially different speeds,

be moved apart from each other, in particular depending on a cooling rate of individual areas of the forging component. It is also conceivable that the forging tool as completely lockable

Die is formed, which has at least one cooling fluid connection line, by means of which a cooling fluid can be introduced into the forging tool, which is provided for cooling the forging tool arranged in the forging. Preferably, in at least one method step, at least one parameter, such as a quantity of cooling fluid, a cooling fluid temperature or the like, of the cooling fluid is regulated as a function of cooling, in particular of shrinkage of the forging component caused by the cooling of the forging component. Preferably, the forging device designed as a forging press comprises at least one sensor unit for detecting a cooling characteristic of the forging component. In particular, the forging device designed as a forging press comprises at least one control and / or regulating unit for controlling and / or regulating the parameter of the cooling fluid and / or the forging press characteristic. The Abkühlkenngröße the forging component can be detected directly or indirectly by means of the sensor unit. More, one Those skilled in appear appropriate embodiments of the forging process are also conceivable.

By means of the inventive design of the forging method, an advantageous material property of the forging component can be achieved. It can be achieved advantageously a high process stability of the forging process. An advantageous energy efficiency of the forging process can be achieved, in particular since a large cooling surface can be provided by the forging tool. It can be advantageously realized a small delay in the forging component, in particular as an at least substantially direct and fast

Cooling of the forging component in the fixed state after or during a

Hot working is feasible. It can be achieved an advantageous material property of the forging component. It can be achieved advantageously a high process stability of the forging process. An advantageous energy efficiency of the forging process can be achieved, in particular since a large cooling surface can be provided by the forging tool. Advantageously, a slight distortion in the forging component can be realized, in particular since an at least substantially direct and rapid cooling of the forging component in the fixed state can be carried out after or during hot working.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the forging component in the forging tool, in particular starting from a forming temperature of the forging component of more than 400 ° C., preferably of more than 500 ° C. and more preferably of less than 700 ° C., to a temperature of less than 300 ° C, preferably less than 250 ° C, is cooled, especially directly in the forging tool, in which the

Forging component, in particular starting from a semi-finished product, is hot-formed. Preferably, the forging component in the forging tool, in particular starting from a forming temperature of the forging component of more than 400 ° C, cooled to a temperature with a value from a range of values from 150 ° C to 180 ° C, especially directly in the forging tool, in which Forging component, in particular starting from a semi-finished product, is hot-formed. The

A forging tool in which the forging component is cooled may be different from the forging tool in which the forging component is being hot formed, or it may be the same forging tool in which the forging component is thermoformed is cooled and immediately after the hot forming. By means of the inventive design of the forging method, an advantageous material property of the forging component can be achieved. It can be advantageously realized a high strength of the forging component. It can be advantageously realized a high ductility of the forging component. Advantageously, a slight distortion in the forging component can be realized, in particular since an at least essentially direct and rapid cooling of the forging component in the fixed state, in particular in the forging tool arranged and / or fixed condition, can be carried out after or during hot working. It is also proposed that a, in particular average, cooling rate of the forging component, in particular during cooling, in the forging tool is greater than 25 K / s. In particular, a, in particular average, cooling rate of the forging component in the forging tool is in particular greater than 50 K / s, preferably greater than 100 K / s and particularly preferably greater than 200 K / s. Preferred is a, in particular average, cooling rate of the forging component in the

Forging tool in particular less than 400 K / s, preferably less than 350 K / s and more preferably less than 310 K / s. By means of the embodiment of the forging method according to the invention, an advantageous material property of the

Forging components can be achieved. In addition, it is proposed that the cooling of the forging component after a forming, in particular a hot forming, of the forging component in the

Forging tool takes place. Preferably, the forging tool in which the forging component is cooled is the same forging tool in which the

Forging component is hot-formed. Preferably, the forging component is directly after the hot forging by the forging tool in the

Cooled forging tool. By means of the embodiment of the forging method according to the invention, an advantageously short cycle time can be realized. It can be achieved an advantageous material property of the forging component.

Furthermore, especially in an alternative embodiment of the

Forging method, proposed that the cooling of the forging component in the forging tool according to a carried out in another forging tool forming, in particular a hot forming, the forging component, in particular according to one, in particular at least partially automatic,

Forging component handover of the forging component from the other forging tool to the forging tool. For example, it is conceivable for the forging component to be hot-formed in the forging die designed as a pre-die, then hot-formed again in the forging die designed as finished die, in particular likewise or additionally, and subsequently or simultaneously cooled in the forging die designed as a finished die. However, it is also conceivable that the forging component in the as Fertiggesenk

trained further forging tool is hot formed and then cooled in the form of punching and / or cutting tool forging tool. By means of the inventive design of the forging method, an advantageous material property of the forging component can be achieved. It can advantageously be an optimized process flow, in particular depending on

Process requirements to be realized. The forging method can advantageously be used particularly flexibly.

Furthermore, it is proposed, in particular in an alternative embodiment of the forging method, that in at least one method step to cool the forging component in the forging tool, an at least partially automatic forging component transfer from the further forging tool to the

Forging tool takes place. The forging tool and the other forging tool can be arranged together in a forging device, in particular in at least one forging press, or the forging tool and the other

Forging tools can be arranged in different forging devices, in particular in different forging presses. The at least partially automatic forging component transfer of the forging component of the other

Forging tool to the forging tool can be done by means of a lifting beam system, by means of a robot or by means of another, a professional appear appropriate device. However, it is also conceivable that the

Forging component handover of the forging component from the other forging tool to the forging tool is done by hand. By means of the invention

Design of the forging process can advantageously be realized an optimized process flow, in particular depending on process requirements. The Forging process can advantageously be used particularly flexible. It can be achieved an advantageous material property of the forging component.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the forging tool is actively cooled in at least one method step. Preferably, at least to a cooling of the forging component in the forging tool the forging tool is active

Cooling medium, in particular a cooling fluid, such as cooling water, cooling oil, graphite emulsion o. The like., Fed. Preferably, the forging tool comprises at least one cooling unit, which at least in a forging tool part of the

Forging tool, in particular in at least one die half of the trained as a die forging tool is integrated. Preferably that is

Blacksmith tool designed as an open die. It can be advantageously avoided an unwanted pressure change in the forging tool due to an inflow of cooling medium. It may be advantageous for a flow of cooling medium from the

Forging tools are made possible, in particular between at least two

Die halves of the trained as a die forging tool. However, it is also conceivable that the forging tool is designed as a closed die.

Preferably, in at least one method step, the forging tool is actively cooled, with a cooling of the forging component in the forging tool by means of a cooling fluid, which is passed through the forging contour in bore cavities, in particular cooling cavities of the cooling unit, of the forging tool. The cooling cavities of the forging tool can be known, for example, via a separating method, such as drilling, erosion or the like, known to a person skilled in the art

Machining method, as well as produced by a generative tool design, in which the cooling fluid conducting cooling cavities are produced in a building process of a selected generative process. In particular, an embodiment of the forging tools in the form of a multi-part construction is envisaged in which the cooling cavities are formed by half-side recesses in the individual Werkzeugsegementen, in particular die halves of the forging tool and lead by assembling the Werkzeugsegemente to a closed channel structure. By means of the embodiment according to the invention can advantageously be realized a high cooling rate of the forging component. It can be advantageously achieved a forging with a high strength and high ductility. It is also proposed that the forging component in the forging tool is actively treated, in particular sprayed, with a cooling fluid in at least one method step. The forging tool preferably comprises at least one cooling feed opening, via which the cooling fluid can be actively fed to the forging component arranged in the forging tool, at least during a cooling step.

The forging tool preferably comprises a multiplicity of cooling feed openings, via which the cooling fluid can be actively fed to the forging component arranged in the forging tool, at least during a cooling step. By means of the embodiment according to the invention can advantageously be realized a high cooling rate of the forging component. It can be advantageously achieved a forging with a high strength and high ductility.

In addition, the invention is based on a trained as a forging press

Forging device, in particular for carrying out a forging method according to the invention, with at least one forging tool, in particular a forming, stamping or calibration tool and with at least one cooling unit arranged at least partially on the forging tool. It is proposed that the forging press is designed such that at least one forging press parameter and / or a characteristic variable of a cooling fluid is changed in dependence on a cooling of a forging tool arranged in the forging tool or is kept at a constant value. The cooling unit is preferably provided to actively cool the forging tool, in particular to be advantageous from that in the

Forging tool arranged forging component actively dissipate heat. Alternatively or additionally, the cooling unit is provided for active cooling of the forging tool arranged in the forging, such as spraying and / or wetting the forging tool arranged in the forging by means of a cooling fluid o. The like. It is conceivable that the forging tool, especially at least in the area a blacksmith engraving of the blacksmith tool, to a

Cooling of the forging component in the forging tool has a full surface contact with the forging component or that the forging tool, in particular at least in the field of forging engraving of the forging tool, to a cooling of the forging

Forging component in the forging tool has a partial contact with the forging component. By means of the embodiment according to the invention can advantageously a high Cooling rate of the forging component can be realized. It can be advantageously achieved a forging with a high strength and high ductility.

Furthermore, a forging component, in particular a

Leichtbaulegierungsschmiedebauteil by means of a

Forging method is proposed proposed. Preferably that is

Forged component made of an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy or another, the expert appears reasonable sense lightweight alloy formed. The forging component is preferably made of an alloy, in particular an aluminum alloy, from the 2000 (EN AW 2xxx), the 3000 (EN AW 3 XXX), the 4000 (EN AW 4XXX), the 5000 (EN AW 5xxx), the 6000 (EN AW 6xxx), the 7000 (EN AW 7xxx) or the 8000 series (EN AW 8xxx). Preferably, the forging component is in particular made of a technically usable aluminum alloy, which in your

Alloy composition with values of at least one row from the EN-AW

1 XXXer-8XXXer rows coincide. Preferably, this means of the

Forging according to the invention forging produced a maximum material thickness of in particular less than 200 mm, preferably less than 100 mm and more preferably less than 10 mm. Most preferably, by means of the forging method according to the invention a maximum material thickness with a value from a value range of 1 mm to 200 mm. By means of the embodiment according to the invention can be particularly advantageous a thin-walled

Forged component with a high strength and a high ductility can be achieved. It can be advantageously realized a thin-walled forging component, which has a high resistance.

The forging method according to the invention, the forging device according to the invention and / or the forging component according to the invention should / should not be limited to the application and embodiment described above. In particular, the forging method according to the invention can / can be used according to the invention

Forging apparatus and / or the forging component according to the invention for performing a function described herein have a number differing from a number of individual elements, components and units as well as method steps mentioned herein. In addition, to those specified in this disclosure Value ranges also within the limits mentioned values as disclosed and apply any applicable.

Drawings Further advantages can be found in the following description of the drawing. In the

Drawings are illustrated embodiments of the invention. The drawings, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations. Show it:

Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of an inventive

Forging process, by means of an inventive

Forging is feasible, in a schematic

Presentation,

Fig. 2 diagrams of a heat history in one by means of

Forged inventive forging

Forging component during the forging method according to the invention in comparison to a force curve in the forging apparatus in a schematic representation,

Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of an inventive

Forging process, by means of an inventive

Forging is feasible, in a schematic

Presentation and

Fig. 4 shows a third embodiment of an inventive

Forging process, by means of an inventive

Forging is feasible, in a schematic

Presentation. Description of the embodiments

FIG. 1 shows a forging production line 30a with a forging apparatus for carrying out a forging process 10a, in particular one

Lightweight forging method, for the production of a forging component 12a in particular for the production of lightweight alloy components for the automotive, aerospace and / or industrial sectors. However, it is also conceivable that by means of

Forging process 10a forging components 12a are produced, which can be used in another, a person skilled in the field appear appropriate, such as an aircraft area o. The like. In Figure 1 are individual steps of the

Forging method 10a graphically associated with a temperature profile in the forging component 12a, in particular starting from a semi-finished product 32a to a completely forged forging component 12a (see temperature-time diagram and corresponding dashed assignment in Figure 1).

In at least one, in particular first, method step of the forging method 10a, a semifinished product 32a is fed to a preheating device 34a of the forging production line 30a, in which the semifinished product 32a in at least one, in particular second,

Process step of the forging process 10a is preheated, in particular starting from a room temperature of the semifinished product 32a, in particular up to a temperature of more than 300 ° C, preferably more than 400 ° C, more preferably more than 490 ° C and most preferably less as 700 ° C. The preheating device 34a preferably has a configuration already known to a person skilled in the art, for example a design as a preheating furnace or the like.

Preferably, the semi-finished product 32a in the form of a continuous casting material or an extrusion material for producing the forging component 12a by means of

Forging 10a used.

In at least one, in particular third, process step of the forging process 10a, in particular after a preheating of the semifinished product 32a in the

Preheating device 34a, there is a transfer, in particular an at least partially automatic transfer of the semifinished product 32a to a forging of the

Forge production line 30a. The forging, in particular to a

Carrying out a forging process 10a, at least one forging tool 14a, 16a, in particular comprises a forming, stamping or calibrating tool. The Forging device is preferably designed as a forging press 20a. The

Forging press 20a can be designed as a screw press, as a hydraulic press, as a servo press or as another press which appears expedient to a person skilled in the art. The transfer of the semifinished product 32a from the preheater 34a can be done manually,

semi-automatic or fully automatic. Preferably, a fully automatic transfer of the semifinished product 32a to the forging device takes place, in particular by means of a transfer device 36a of the forging production line 30a. The transfer device 36a can be designed as a robot, as a lifting beam device, as a conveying device or the like. The forging device preferably comprises at least one forging tool 14a, in particular in a forming, stamping and / or calibrating tool, in which the forging component 12a can be cooled. The forging device preferably comprises at least one further forging tool 16a for forming, in particular hot forming, the forging component 12a, in particular before cooling of the forging component 12a in the forging tool 14a. The

Forging tool 14a is preferably designed as a finished die. The further forging tool 16a is preferably designed as a pre-die. Preferably, a blank of the forging component 12a takes place in the forging tool 14a. The

Forging tool 14a is preferably formed integrally with a cutting tool or a punching tool. In at least one, in particular fourth, method step of the forging method 10a, a preforming of the forging component 12a takes place by means of the other

Blacksmith tool 16a. Preferably, in at least one, in particular fifth, method step of the forging method 10a, a forging component transfer, in particular an at least partially automatic forging component transfer, of the forging component 12a from the further forging tool 16a to the

Forging tool 14a. The forging component transfer of the forging component 12a from the other forging tool 16a to the forging tool 14a can be done manually, semi-automatically or fully automatically. A fully automatic forging component transfer of the forging component 12a preferably takes place from the other one

Forging tool 16a to the forging tool 14a, in particular by means of a forging device arranged on the transfer device (not shown here in detail) of the forging production line 30a. The arranged on the forging Transfer device can be designed as a robot, as Hubbalkenvorrichtung, as a conveying device o. The like.

In at least one, in particular fifth, method step of the forging method 10a, a deformation, in particular a hot forming, of the forging component 12a takes place in the forging tool 14a, in particular formed as a die, at a forming temperature of in particular more than 300.degree. C., preferably more than 400.degree. more preferably more than 490 ° C and most preferably less than 700 ° C. Preferably, a deformation, in particular a hot forming, of the forging component 12a takes place in the, in particular as a die,

Forging tool 14a at a forming temperature with a value of one

Range of values from 500 ° C to 560 ° C.

In at least one, in particular sixth, method step, the forging component 12a is cooled in the forging tool 14a. The cooling of the

Forging component 12a takes place after a deformation of the forging component 12a in the forging tool 14a. Preferably, the cooling of the forging component 12a takes place in the forging tool 14a according to a transformation carried out in the further forging tool 16a, in particular preforming, of the forging component 12a. In at least one method step, at least partially automatic cooling of the forging component 12a in the forging tool 14a takes place

Forging component transfer from the other forging tool 16a to the

Forging tool 14a. For a cooling of the forging component 12a in the forging tool 14a, the forging device comprises at least one cooling unit 24a, 26a, which is arranged at least partially on the forging tool 14a and in particular at least partially integrated in the forging tool 14a. The forging component 12a is preferably directly subsequent to the hot forging of the forging component 12a, in particular directly in the forging tool 14a

Forging tool 14a cooled. In at least one method step, in particular in the sixth method step, the forging method 10a, the

Forging tool 14a actively cooled. Preferably, the forging tool 14a is supplied with cooling fluid by means of the cooling unit 24a, 26a and passed through the forging tool 14a. Preferably, in each case on a forging tool part of

Forging tool 14a, in particular in each case at least one half of the die than Die-formed forging tool 14a, at least one cooling unit 24a, 26a arranged, which is provided for cooling the corresponding forging tool part, in particular the corresponding die half.

In at least one method step, in particular in the sixth method step, of the forging method 10a, the forging component 12a in the forging tool 14a is actively treated, in particular sprayed and / or circulated, with a cooling fluid. However, it is also conceivable that the forging tool 14a is alternatively or additionally flowed through by a cooling fluid, in particular to an advantageous heat removal from the forging component 12a and / or the forging tool 14a. Preferably, the forging component 12a in the forging tool 14a, in particular starting from a forming temperature of the forging component 12a of more than 400 ° C, is cooled to a temperature of less than 300 ° C. In particular, the forging component 12a in the forging tool 14a, in particular starting from a forming temperature of the forging component 12a of more than 400 ° C, is cooled to a temperature with a value from a value range of 150 ° C to 180 ° C, in particular directly in the

Forging tool 14a in which the forging member 12a has been hot worked. A cooling rate of the forging member 12a in the forging tool 14a is greater than 25 K / s, in particular due to heat transfer of heat of the

Forging component 12a to the forging tool 14a and / or the cooling fluid.

Preferably, a cooling rate of the forging component 12a in the forging tool 14a is in particular greater than 50 K / s, preferably greater than 100 K / s and particularly preferably greater than 200 K / s. Preferably, a cooling rate of the forging component 12a in the forging tool 14a is in particular less than 400 K / s, preferably less than 350 K / s and particularly preferably less than 310 K / s. In at least one method step, in particular in the sixth method step, of the forging method 10a, at least one forging press parameter, in particular a maximum press force and / or a press ram position, is used as the

Forging press 20a formed forging device changed or kept at a constant value (see also Figure 2). Preferably, the

Forging press characteristic as a function of a cooling start time and / or of at least one characteristic of the forging component 12a caused by the cooling of the forging component 12a in the forging tool 14a, in particular a shrinkage characteristic of the forging member 12a may be changed or maintained at a constant value. Preferably, the forging press 20a comprises a path measuring device 38a, which is provided to at least one travel path of a forging press ram and / or at least one forging tool part,

in particular at least one half of the die formed as a die

Forging tool 14a, to capture. Preferably, the forging press 20a is formed such that at least one forging tool part, in particular at least one die half of the forging tool 14a formed in a position and / or in a force on the Forging component 12a is customizable. At least one is preferred, in particular during a cooling of the forging component 12a in the forging tool 14a

Forging tool part, in particular at least one die half of the forging tool 14a designed as a die, moved closer to the forging component 12a as a function of a shrinkage characteristic of the forging component 12a caused by cooling of the forge component 12a

Forging tool 14a arranged forging component 12a acting pressing force is increased, in particular to counteract a loss of contact between the forging component 12a due to a caused by the cooling shrinkage of the forging component 12a. However, it is also conceivable that a pressing force acting on the forging tool 14a arranged forged component 12a is reduced or kept constant as a function of a cooling start time, in particular to influence a cooling effect of the forging tool 14a on the arranged in the forging tool 14a forging component 12a targeted. Preferably, at least one, in particular eighth, method step takes place

Forging method 10a, a hot aging of the forging component 12a, in particular after active cooling of the forging component 12a in the forging tool 14a, in particular to achieve a T4, T5, T6 or T7 state according to

DIN EN 515 of forging component 12a. A hot aging of the forging component 12a preferably takes place at a temperature of, in particular, less than 280 ° C., preferably less than 250 ° C., and particularly preferably less than 220 ° C. Very particular preference is given to a thermal aging of the forging component 12a at a temperature with a value from a value range of 120 ° C to 250 ° C. Preferably, in at least one, in particular seventh, process step of the forging process 10a, a forging component transfer, in particular an at least partially automatic forging component transfer, of the forging component 12a from the forging apparatus to an already known to a person skilled in the art

Warm Auslagerungsvorrichtung 28a, in particular after a, in particular active, cooling of the forging component 12a in the forging tool 14a. A forging component transfer of the forging component 12a from the forging apparatus preferably takes place to a hot aging apparatus 28a already known to a person skilled in the art by means of a further transfer apparatus 40a of the forging production line 30a. The further transfer device 40a is preferably at least substantially analogous to

Transfer device 36a formed. A forging component transfer of the forging component 12a from the forging device preferably takes place to a hot aging device 28a already known to a person skilled in the art at a temperature which is above a hot aging temperature of the forging component 12a. Preferably, the forging method 10a is designed such that a residual heat in a ridge of the forging component 12a advantageously to a heating of the forging component 12a after a, in particular active, cooling of the forging component 12a in the

Forging tool 14a is used to a Ausauslagerungstemperatur. After the hot aging of the forging component 12a, further process steps that appear appropriate to a person skilled in the art can follow.

Figures 3 and 4 show further embodiments of the invention. The following descriptions and the drawings are essentially limited to the

Differences between the exemplary embodiments, reference being made in principle to the drawings and / or the description of the other exemplary embodiments, in particular FIGS. 1 and 2, with respect to components designated the same, in particular with regard to components having the same reference numerals. To distinguish the embodiments of the letter a is the reference numerals of the embodiment in Figures 1 and 2 adjusted. In the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4, the letter a is replaced by the letters b and c. FIG. 3 shows a forging production line 30b with a forging apparatus for carrying out a forging process 10b, in particular one

Lightweight forging method, for the production of a forging component 12b, in particular for the manufacture of lightweight construction components, for the automobile, aviation, or industrial sector. However, it is also conceivable that by means of

Forging process 10b forging component 12b are produced, which can be used in another, the expert appears reasonable sense area, such as an aircraft area o. The like. In Figure 3 are individual steps of the

Forging 10b graphically associated with a temperature profile in the forging component 12b, in particular starting from a semi-finished product 32b to a finished forged component 12b (see temperature-time diagram and dashed line corresponding assignment in Figure 3). The forge production line 30b shown in FIG. 3 and the forging process 10b that can be carried out therewith differ from the forge production line 30a shown in FIG

feasible forging process 10a characterized in that the forging production line 30b includes a forging device comprising at least three forging tools 14b, 16b, 18b, in particular a forming, a punching and / or a calibration tool. Preferably, the forging component 12b, in particular after a, in particular direct, cooling in the forging tool 14b, which is preferably formed as a finished die, in at least one step of the forging process 10b to an additional forging tool 18b, preferably as punching and / or

Cutting tool is formed, passed. Preferably, in at least one, carried out in particular after processing with the additional forging tool 18b, process step of the forging process 10b a

Forging component transfer, in particular an at least partially automatic

Forging component transfer, the forging 12b from the forging to a, already known to one skilled in the art artificial swelling device 28b. With regard to further features, functions and / or method steps of the forging production line 30b and the forging method 10b which can be carried out therewith, reference may be made to the description of the forge production line 30a shown in FIG

feasible forging process 10a be referenced.

FIG. 4 shows a forging production line 30c with a forging device for carrying out a forging process 10c, in particular one

Lightweight forging method, for the production of a forging component 12c, in particular for the production of lightweight alloy components, for the automobile, Aerospace, or industrial. However, it is also conceivable that by means of

For example, in FIG. 4, individual process steps of the forging process 10c are shown graphically in a temperature profile in the forging component 12c, in particular on the basis of .alpha. Forging process 10c forged component 12c, which can be used in another field that appears meaningful to a person skilled in the art a semi-finished product 32c to a finished forged component 12c, assigned (see temperature-time diagram and corresponding dashed assignment in Figure 4). The forge production line 30c shown in FIG. 4 and the forging process 10c that can be carried out therewith differ from the forge production line 30a shown in FIG. 1 and from it

feasible forging process 10a characterized in that the forged production line 30c, a forging apparatus with at least one forging tool 14c and at least one further forging tool 16c and at least one further

Forging, which is designed as a forging press 22c, with at least one additional forging tool 18c, preferably as a punching and / or

Cutting tool is formed, has. Preferably, the further forging apparatus is designed as a forging press 22c. Preferably, the forging component 12c, in particular after a deformation, in particular a hot forming, in

Forging tool 14c, which is preferably formed as a finished die, in at least one step of the forging process 10c to the other

Forge handed over, in particular at least partially automatically, in particular by means of an additional transfer device 42c of

Blacksmith production line 30c. Preferably, the forging component 12c, in particular after a deformation, in particular a hot forming, in the forging tool 14c, which is preferably formed as a finished die, in at least one

Process step of the forging process 10c to the additional forging tool 18c, which is preferably designed as a punching and / or cutting tool passed. In at least one method step, in particular after a transfer of the

Forging components 12c to the additional forging tool 18c, there is a cooling of the forging component 12c in the additional forging tool 18c. The cooling of the forging component 12c is preferably carried out after forming the forging component 12c in the forging tool 14c. The cooling of the forging component 12c in the additional forging tool 18c takes place according to one in the forging tool 14c and the other forging tool 16c carried out reshaping the

Forging components 12c.

Preferably, in at least one, in particular carried out after cooling in the additional forging tool 18c, carried out the process step of

Forging 10c a forging component transfer, in particular an at least partially automatic forging component transfer, the forging component 12c of the other forging to a, already known to a person skilled in the art

Hot swelling device 28c. With regard to further features, functions and / or method steps of the forging production line 30c and the forging method 10c that can be carried out therewith, reference may be made to the description of that shown in FIG

Forge production line 30a and the forging process 10a can be referenced.

reference numeral

10 forging processes

12 forging component

14 blacksmith tool

16 blacksmith tool

18 forging tool

20 forging press

22 forging press

24 cooling unit

26 cooling unit

28 hot aging device

30 blacksmith production line

32 semi-finished products

34 preheating device

36 transfer device

38 path measuring device

40 transfer device

42 transfer device

Claims

claims

1 . Forging process, in particular Leichtbaulegierungsschmiedeverfahren, wherein in at least one process step, a cooling of a

Forging component in a forging tool (14, 16, 18), in particular in a forming, punching and / or Kalibrierwerkzeug done, thereby

characterized in that in at least one method step at least one forging press characteristic, in particular a maximum pressing force and / or a press ram position of a forging press (20, 22), in particular in response to a cooling of the forging component in the forging tool (14, 16, 18), is changed or maintained at a constant value.

2. Forging method according to claim 1, characterized in that the forging component in the forging tool (14, 16, 18), in particular starting from a forming temperature of the forging component of more than 400 ° C, is cooled to a temperature of less than 300 ° C.

3. forging method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a cooling rate of the forging component in the forging tool (14, 16, 18) is greater than 25 K / s.

4. Forging method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the cooling of the forging component takes place after a deformation of the forging component in the forging tool (14, 16, 18).

5. forging method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cooling of the forging component in the

Forging tool (14) according to a in another forging tool (16, 18) performed reshaping of the forging component takes place.

Forging method according to claim 5, characterized in that in at least one method step to a cooling of the forging component in the forging tool (14) an at least partially automatic

Forging component transfer from the other forging tool (16, 18) to the forging tool (14).

Forging method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in at least one method step the

Forging tool (14, 16, 18) is actively cooled.

Forging component in the forging tool (14, 16, 18) active with a

Cooling fluid treated, in particular sprayed, is.

Forging press, in particular to carry out a

Forging method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one forging tool (14, 16, 18), in particular a forming, stamping or calibrating tool, and at least one cooling unit (24, 26) arranged at least partially on the forging tool (14, 16, 18). , characterized in that the forging press is formed such that at least one forging press characteristic and / or a characteristic of a cooling fluid in response to cooling of a forging tool (14, 16, 18) arranged forging component (12) is changed or kept at a constant value becomes.

10. Forging component, in particular Leichtbaulegierungsschmiedebauteil which is produced by means of a forging method according to one of claims 1 to 9.