WO2018210461A1 - Method for operating a dual-fuel engine, and dual-fuel engine - Google Patents
Method for operating a dual-fuel engine, and dual-fuel engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018210461A1 WO2018210461A1 PCT/EP2018/055414 EP2018055414W WO2018210461A1 WO 2018210461 A1 WO2018210461 A1 WO 2018210461A1 EP 2018055414 W EP2018055414 W EP 2018055414W WO 2018210461 A1 WO2018210461 A1 WO 2018210461A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- dual
- operating mode
- ignitable
- engine
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 330
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 29
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 14
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0686—Injectors
- F02D19/0694—Injectors operating with a plurality of fuels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
- F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
- F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
- F02D19/0647—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], liquefied natural gas [LNG], compressed natural gas [CNG] or dimethyl ether [DME]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0673—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators; Mixers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0686—Injectors
- F02D19/0689—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
- F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
- F02M43/02—Pumps peculiar thereto
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
- F02M43/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a dual-fuel engine. Furthermore, the invention relates to a dual-fuel engine.
- dual-fuel engines are known in which on the one hand in a first mode of operation, a liquid, ignitable fuel such as diesel and on the other hand, in a second operating mode, a gaseous, ignitable ignition fuel such as natural gas can be burned.
- a lean, ignitable gas-air mixture is usually introduced into the cylinder of the engine and ignited by the ignition energy of a likewise introduced into the cylinder ignitable, liquid ignition fluid.
- FIG. 1 shows assemblies of a dual-fuel engine 1 known from practice, FIG. 1 showing a cylinder 2 of such a dual-fuel engine 1.
- the cylinder 2 has a cylinder head 3.
- a piston 4 which is guided by a connecting rod 5, moves up and down.
- a fuel injector 6 is fastened in the cylinder head 3, through which liquid, ignitable fuel, in particular diesel fuel, can be injected via a fuel line 7 from a fuel pump 8 into a combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2.
- the fuel injector 6, the fuel line 7 and the fuel pump 8 are elements of a fuel feed system, which serves in the first operating mode, the supply of liquid, ignitable fuel into the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2.
- This fuel supply system is active when liquid, ignitable fuel, in particular diesel, is burned in the cylinder 2 as fuel.
- ignitable fuel in the respective cylinder 2 of the dual-fuel engine 1 further charge air 10 via an inlet valve 17 can be introduced, resulting in the combustion of the fuel exhaust 15 via an exhaust valve 18 from the respective cylinder 2 of the dual-fuel -Motors 1 can be dissipated.
- the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 of the dual-fuel engine 1 of Fig. 1 can be burned as fuel alternatively gas in the second operating mode.
- the dual-fuel engine 1 comprises a mixture formation unit 20, in which a mixture of combustion air 10 and gas, which is provided to the mixture formation unit 20 via a gas supply line 21, is formed, this gas-air mixture into the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 is introduced via the inlet valve 17. Exhaust gas 15, which can be removed from the cylinder 2 via the outlet valve 18, is also produced during the combustion of gases.
- an ignitable, liquid ignition fluid is used, which can be introduced into a further combustion chamber 11 of the cylinder 2 with the aid of an ignition fluid injector 13 , wherein this further combustion chamber 1 1 of the cylinder 2 is coupled to the combustion chamber 9 via at least one connecting channel 12.
- the ignition fluid injector 13 of the cylinder 2 shown in FIG. 1 is part of a separate ignition fluid injection system of the dual-fuel engine 1, wherein the Zündfluid- injection system for each cylinder 2 of the dual-fuel engine 1, an individual Zündfluid injector 13th includes.
- the Zündfluid injectors 13 are supplied via a Zündflu- id-line 14, starting from a common ignition fluid reservoir 22 of the ignition fluid injection system with ignition fluid, the Zündfluid- memory 22 is associated with a Zündfluid-feed pump 16, the Zündfluid- memory 22nd supplied with ignition fluid.
- the ignition fluid delivery pump 16 is preferably an electrically operated high-pressure pump.
- the Zündfluid- feed pump 16 is assigned a suction throttle 19.
- the known from practice dual-fuel engine 1 of FIG. 1 therefore has two completely separate injection systems, in particular per cylinder via two injectors, namely via the Kraftstoffstoffinjektor 6 for the liquid fuel in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine 1 and via the ignition fluid injector 13 for the ignition fluid in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine 1.
- This requires a complex structure.
- the present invention has the object to provide a novel method for operating a dual-fuel engine and a corresponding dual-fuel engine.
- the ignition-deficient fuel and the ignitable fuel serving for ignition thereof are introduced into the respective cylinder of the dual-fuel engine as a mixture in a liquid state of aggregation, namely via the fuel injector, via which the particular ignitable fuel is introduced into the respective cylinder in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine.
- this object is achieved by a method according to claim 12 and a dual-fuel engine according to claim 14.
- a second ignitable fuel in a liquid state is introduced into the or each cylinder, via the fuel injector, via which in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine first, other ignitable fuel is introduced into the respective cylinder.
- Both aspects of the present invention allow a much simpler construction of a dual-fuel engine.
- the fuel injector which serves in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine for introducing the ignition-willing fuel into the respective cylinder of the dual-fuel engine, also serves in the second operating mode of the fuel supply of the dual-fuel engine. Accordingly, it is possible to dispense with a separate ignition fluid injector required from practice.
- the dual-fuel engine according to the invention coincides with a dual-fuel engine known from the prior art.
- the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine according to the invention is fundamentally different.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a known from practice dual-fuel engine
- Figure 1 is a block diagram of a first inventive dual-fuel engine.
- Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a second dual-fuel engine according to the invention.
- Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a third dual-fuel engine according to the invention.
- the invention relates to a method for operating a dual-fuel engine and a dual-fuel engine.
- a dual-fuel engine in different operating modes is operable.
- a first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine only an ignition-willing fuel is introduced and burned directly into the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder of the dual-fuel engine with the aid of a fuel injector, wherein the ignitable fuel ignited in the first operating mode is in particular a diesel fuel or heavy fuel.
- This ignitable fuel used in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine is liquid both under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions and under the temperature and pressure conditions prevailing in the fuel supply system, ie in a liquid state of aggregation, be it liquid Diesel fuels or viscous as heavy fuel fuels.
- an ignition-defying fuel is introduced directly into the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder, ignited by means of an ignition-ready fuel likewise introduced directly into the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder of the dual-fuel engine and burned.
- the ignited fuel used in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine and the igniting fuel serving for ignition thereof are introduced as a mixture present in a liquid state directly into the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder of the dual-fuel engine, via the Fuel injector, via which in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, the respective ignitable fuel is introduced directly into the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder.
- an ignition-deficient fuel should preferably be a fuel whose octane number for liquid fuels is greater than 91 RON and for gaseous (at ambient conditions) fuels a minimum methane number MZ of 10 (corresponding to approximately 103 RON) is present.
- FIGS. 2 to 4 each schematically show a detail of a dual-fuel engine 1 ', 1 ", 1"' according to the invention in the region of a cylinder 2 thereof.
- the cylinder 2 in turn has a cylinder head 3, wherein in the cylinder 2, a piston 4 is movable, which is guided by a connecting rod 5.
- a fuel injector 6 is mounted or fastened to the cylinder head 3, with the fuel!
- an ignitable fuel in particular diesel fuel or residual oil fuel, which is conveyed by a fuel pump 8 via a fuel line 7, is injected directly into the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 can.
- the ignitable fuel conveyed via the fuel pump 8 in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine V, 1 ", 1" is a fuel which is stable under ambient and ambient pressure conditions as well as under the conditions described in US Pat Fuel supply system prevailing temperature and pressure conditions in a liquid state of matter is present.
- this fuel used in the first operating mode is diesel fuel or heavy fuel oil with a cetane number greater than 40.
- Njektor 6 which serves in the first mode of operation of the dual-fuel engine V, 1 ", 1"'the introduction of the liquid ignitable fuel, on the one hand an ignition unwanted fuel and on the other hand one of the same ignition serving ignitable fuel, wherein in the second operating mode of the dual -Fuel engine V, 1 ", 1"'ignited ignition fuel and the ignition thereof serving ignition-willing fuel are introduced as present in a liquid state of matter mixture in the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2, namely via the fuel injector 6 of the respective cylinder second
- the ignitable fuel is kept ready in a fuel tank 23 and the fuel willing to ignite the fuel unwilling to ignite is kept ready in a liquid state in each case in a fuel tank 24, these two fuels being stored with the aid of a fuel tank
- Mixing device 25 mixed, sucked by means of a high-pressure fuel pump 26 and supplied to the fuel injector 6 by means of a fuel supply 27 as a liquid mixture so as to introduce the liquid mixture of the two fuels via the injector 6 in the combustion chamber 9 of the respective cylinder 2 in the second operating mode ,
- FIG. 3 shows a detail of a further dual-fuel engine 1 "according to the invention, which, in terms of its basic design and its basic mode of operation, corresponds to the dual-fuel engine 1 'of FIG. 2, but which differs from the dual-fuel engine.
- Engine 1 'of Fig. 2 differs in that in Fig. 3 each of the fuel tanks 23, 24 is associated with an individual high-pressure pump 26a, 26b, so that in Fig. 3 of the ignitable fuel and the ignition-deficient fuel only downstream of the high-pressure fuel pump 26a, 26b in the mixing device 25 are mixed and then fed via the line 27 as a liquid mixture to the fuel injector 6.
- each individual fuel tank 23, 24 is associated with an individual high-pressure fuel pump 26a, 26b, but in FIG. 4, unlike FIG. 3, the mixture of the liquid ignitable fuel with the liquid igniters Fuel is not supplied upstream of the fuel injector 6, but in the region of the fuel injector 6, so that the respective liquid fuels are supplied to the fuel injector 6 via individual supply lines 27a, 27b.
- the ignitable fuel used in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine is conveyed via the fuel pump 8 and supplied to the injector 6 via the fuel line 7, both under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions and under the temperature and pressure conditions , which prevail in the fuel supply system or are present, each in a liquid state.
- the ignition-deficient fuel used in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine as well as the ignitable fuel used for ignition thereof are in a gaseous state of aggregation under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions but below those in the fuel supply system present or prevailing temperature and pressure conditions in each case in a liquid state of matter.
- the ignition-deficient fuel is preferably LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) whose octane number is greater than 91 RON, in particular greater than 105 RON, in which case the ignition-willing fuel is preferably DME (Dimethyl ether) whose cetane number is greater than 40, in particular greater than 55, is.
- LPG liquefied petroleum gas
- DME Dimethyl ether
- the ignition-deficient fuel used in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine is in a gaseous state of matter under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions but in a liquid state under the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel supply system whereas the ignitable fuel used in the second mode of operation of the dual-fuel engine is in a liquid state under the ambient and ambient pressure conditions as well as under the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel delivery system.
- the ignition-deficient fuel is preferably LPG having an octane number greater than 105 RON and the ignitable fuel is diesel fuel or heavy fuel oil having a cetane number greater than 40.
- the ignition-unfriendly fuel used in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine is in a liquid state of aggregation both under the ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions and under the temperature and pressure conditions prevailing in the fuel supply system, whereas ignited fuel used in the second mode of operation is in a gaseous state under the ambient and ambient pressure conditions but in a liquid state under the temperature and pressure conditions prevailing in the fuel delivery system.
- the ignition-willing fuel is preferably DME (dimethyl ether) with a number of cents greater than 45 and, in the case of ignition-ignitable fuel, gasoline with an octane number greater than 91 RON.
- the liquid mixture of the ignition-defying fuel and the ignitable fuel used in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine according to the first aspect of the invention comprises more than 50%, preferably more than 70%, more preferably more than 90%, ignition-deficient fuel and Remaining ignitable fuel.
- the ignitable fuel used in the first operating mode is a fuel which is present in a liquid state of aggregation under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions as well as under the temperature and pressure conditions prevailing in the fuel supply system.
- the ignitable fuel used in the first operating mode is again preferably a diesel fuel or a heavy fuel oil with a cetane number greater than 40.
- ignitable fuel is a fuel under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions in a gaseous state but present in a liquid state under the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel delivery system.
- DME dimethyl ether
- one and the same fuel injector can be used to supply the respective cylinder with the respective fuel or fuel mixture, which is introduced into the cylinder in a liquid state of aggregation, in the first operating mode and in the second operating mode.
- the fuel which is gaseous under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions, can be introduced into the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder in a liquid aggregate state with good atomization and vaporization. In this way, a very good mixing with the charge air can be ensured, whereby the fuel is optimally burned with reduced formation of soot.
- Such a dual-fuel engine does not tend to knock in the second mode of operation. Furthermore, the problem of fuel slippage can be avoided.
- Optimum combustion even in the second mode of operation, not only reduces soot formation, but also reduces pollutants such as HC and NOx emissions. Also can be worked with low injection pressures in the order of magnitude of 500 bar, whereby components of the injection system are exposed to less wear. Already used in the field, pure diesel engines can be relatively easily converted to the dual-fuel engine according to the invention.
- the ignitable fuel used in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine may be a mixture of a plurality of corresponding ignitable fuels with respect to the ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions as well as the present in the fuel supply system temperature and pressure conditions behaving aggregate states.
- the ignitable fuel used in the second mode of operation of the dual-fuel engine may be a mixture of a plurality of corresponding ignitable fuels with respect to the ambient and ambient pressure conditions and the aggregate conditions of temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel delivery system.
- the ignitable fuel used in the second mode of operation of the dual-fuel engine according to the first aspect of the present invention may equally behave as a mixture of a plurality of corresponding ignitable fuels with respect to the ambient temperature and pressure conditions and the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel delivery system Be aggregate states.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Abstract
A method for operating a dual-fuel engine (1') with at least one cylinder (2), wherein, in a first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine (1'), only a readily ignitable fuel is introduced by means of a fuel injector (6) of a fuel supply system into the respective cylinders (2) and burned, and wherein, in a second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine (1'), a not readily ignitable fuel is introduced into the respective cylinders (2), is ignited with the aid of a readily ignitable fuel likewise introduced into the respective cylinders (2), and is burned. In the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine (1'), the not readily ignitable fuel and the readily ignitable fuel that serves for the ignition of the former are introduced as a mixture present in the liquid state of aggregation into the respective cylinder (2), specifically via the fuel injector (6) via which the respective readily ignitable fuel is introduced into the respective cylinder (2) in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine.
Description
Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Dual-Fuel-Motors sowie Dual-Fuel-Motor Method of operating a dual-fuel engine and dual-fuel engine
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Dual-Fuel-Motors. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung einen Dual-Fuel-Motor. The invention relates to a method for operating a dual-fuel engine. Furthermore, the invention relates to a dual-fuel engine.
Aus der Praxis sind Dual-Fuel-Motoren bekannt, in denen einerseits in einem ersten Betriebsmodus ein flüssiger, zündwilliger Kraftstoff wie Diesel und andererseits in einem zweiten Betriebsmodus ein gasförmiger, zündunwilliger Kraftstoff wie Erdgas verbrannt werden kann. Im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors wird in der Regel ein mageres, zündunwilliges Gas-Luft-Gemisch in die Zylinder des Motors eingebracht und durch die Zündenergie eines ebenfalls in die Zylinder eingebrachten zündwilligen, flüssigen Zündfluids gezündet. From practice, dual-fuel engines are known in which on the one hand in a first mode of operation, a liquid, ignitable fuel such as diesel and on the other hand, in a second operating mode, a gaseous, ignitable ignition fuel such as natural gas can be burned. In the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, a lean, ignitable gas-air mixture is usually introduced into the cylinder of the engine and ignited by the ignition energy of a likewise introduced into the cylinder ignitable, liquid ignition fluid.
In Fig. 1 sind Baugruppen eines aus der Praxis bekannten Dual-Fuel-Motors 1 gezeigt, wobei Fig. 1 einen Zylinder 2 eines solchen Dual-Fuel-Motors 1 zeigt. Der Zylinder 2 verfügt über einen Zylinderkopf 3. Im Zylinder 2 bewegt sich ein Kolben 4, der von einem Pleuel 5 geführt ist, auf und ab. Im Zylinderkopf 3 ist ein Kraft- stoffinjektor 6 befestigt, durch den flüssiger, zündwilliger Kraftstoff, insbesondere Dieselkraftstoff, über eine Kraftstoffleitung 7 von einer Kraftstoffpumpe 8 aus in einen Brennraum 9 des Zylinders 2 eingespritzt werden kann. Der Kraftstoffinjektor 6, die Kraftstoffleitung 7 sowie die Kraftstoffpumpe 8 sind Elemente eines Kraft- stoffzuführsystems, das im ersten Betriebsmodus der Zuführung von flüssigem, zündwilligem Kraftstoff in den Brennraum 9 des Zylinders 2 dient. Dieses Kraft- stoffzuführsystem ist dann aktiv, wenn im Zylinder 2 als Kraftstoff flüssiger, zündwilliger Kraftstoff, insbesondere Diesel, verbrannt wird. Zur Verbrennung des flüssigen, zündwilligen Kraftstoffs ist in den jeweiligen Zylinder 2 des Dual-Fuel- Motors 1 weiter Ladeluft 10 über ein Einlassventil 17 einbringbar, wobei bei der Verbrennung des Kraftstoffs entstehendes Abgas 15 über ein Auslassventil 18 vom jeweiligen Zylinder 2 des Dual-Fuel-Motors 1 abgeführt werden kann.
Im Brennraum 9 des Zylinders 2 des Dual-Fuel-Motors 1 der Fig. 1 kann in dem zweiten Betriebsmodus als Kraftstoff alternativ Gas verbrannt werden. Hierzu um- fasst der Dual-Fuel-Motor 1 eine Gemischbildungseinheit 20, in der ein Gemisch aus Verbrennungsluft 10 und Gas, welches der Gemischbildungseinheit 20 über eine Gasversorgungsleitung 21 bereitgestellt wird, gebildet wird, wobei dieses Gas-Luft-Gemisch in den Brennraum 9 des Zylinders 2 über das Einlassventil 17 eingebracht wird. Auch bei der Verbrennung von Gases entsteht Abgas 15, welches über das Auslassventil 18 vom Zylinder 2 abgeführt werden kann. Zur Zün- dung des an sich zündunwilligen Gas-Luft-Gemischs im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors 1 dient ein zündwilliges, flüssiges Zündfluid, welches in einen weiteren Brennraum 1 1 des Zylinders 2 mit Hilfe eines Zündfluid-Injektors 13 eingebracht werden kann, wobei dieser weitere Brennraum 1 1 des Zylinders 2 mit dem Brennraum 9 über mindestens einen Verbindungskanal 12 gekoppelt ist. Das Zündfluid kann alternativ auch direkt in den Brennraum 9 eingebracht werden. Der Zündfluid-Injektor 13 des in Fig. 1 gezeigten Zylinders 2 ist Bestandteil eines separatem Zündfluid-Einspritzsystems des Dual-Fuel-Motors 1 , wobei das Zündfluid- Einspritzsystem für jeden Zylinder 2 des Dual-Fuel-Motors 1 einen individuellen Zündfluid-Injektor 13 umfasst. Die Zündfluid-Injektoren 13 sind über eine Zündflu- id-Leitung 14 ausgehend von einem gemeinsamen Zündfluid-Speicher 22 des Zündfluid-Einspritzsystems mit Zündfluid versorgbar, wobei dem Zündfluid- Speicher 22 eine Zündfluid-Förderpumpe 16 zugeordnet ist, die den Zündfluid- Speicher 22 mit Zündfluid versorgt. Bei der Zündfluid-Förderpumpe 16 handelt es sich vorzugsweise um eine elektrisch betriebene Hochdruckpumpe. Der Zündfluid- Förderpumpe 16 ist dabei eine Saugdrossel 19 zugeordnet. FIG. 1 shows assemblies of a dual-fuel engine 1 known from practice, FIG. 1 showing a cylinder 2 of such a dual-fuel engine 1. The cylinder 2 has a cylinder head 3. In the cylinder 2, a piston 4, which is guided by a connecting rod 5, moves up and down. A fuel injector 6 is fastened in the cylinder head 3, through which liquid, ignitable fuel, in particular diesel fuel, can be injected via a fuel line 7 from a fuel pump 8 into a combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2. The fuel injector 6, the fuel line 7 and the fuel pump 8 are elements of a fuel feed system, which serves in the first operating mode, the supply of liquid, ignitable fuel into the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2. This fuel supply system is active when liquid, ignitable fuel, in particular diesel, is burned in the cylinder 2 as fuel. For combustion of the liquid, ignitable fuel in the respective cylinder 2 of the dual-fuel engine 1 further charge air 10 via an inlet valve 17 can be introduced, resulting in the combustion of the fuel exhaust 15 via an exhaust valve 18 from the respective cylinder 2 of the dual-fuel -Motors 1 can be dissipated. In the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 of the dual-fuel engine 1 of Fig. 1 can be burned as fuel alternatively gas in the second operating mode. To this end, the dual-fuel engine 1 comprises a mixture formation unit 20, in which a mixture of combustion air 10 and gas, which is provided to the mixture formation unit 20 via a gas supply line 21, is formed, this gas-air mixture into the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 is introduced via the inlet valve 17. Exhaust gas 15, which can be removed from the cylinder 2 via the outlet valve 18, is also produced during the combustion of gases. To ignite the intrinsically ignitable gas-air mixture in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine 1, an ignitable, liquid ignition fluid is used, which can be introduced into a further combustion chamber 11 of the cylinder 2 with the aid of an ignition fluid injector 13 , wherein this further combustion chamber 1 1 of the cylinder 2 is coupled to the combustion chamber 9 via at least one connecting channel 12. Alternatively, the ignition fluid can also be introduced directly into the combustion chamber 9. The ignition fluid injector 13 of the cylinder 2 shown in FIG. 1 is part of a separate ignition fluid injection system of the dual-fuel engine 1, wherein the Zündfluid- injection system for each cylinder 2 of the dual-fuel engine 1, an individual Zündfluid injector 13th includes. The Zündfluid injectors 13 are supplied via a Zündflu- id-line 14, starting from a common ignition fluid reservoir 22 of the ignition fluid injection system with ignition fluid, the Zündfluid- memory 22 is associated with a Zündfluid-feed pump 16, the Zündfluid- memory 22nd supplied with ignition fluid. The ignition fluid delivery pump 16 is preferably an electrically operated high-pressure pump. The Zündfluid- feed pump 16 is assigned a suction throttle 19.
Der aus der Praxis bekannte Dual-Fuel-Motor 1 der Fig. 1 verfügt demnach über zwei vollständig getrennte Einspritzsysteme, insbesondere je Zylinder über zwei Injektoren, nämlich über den Kraftstoffstoffinjektor 6 für den flüssigen Kraftstoff im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors 1 sowie über den Zündfluid-Injektor 13 für das Zündfluid im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors 1 . Dies bedingt einen komplexen Aufbau.
Es besteht daher Bedarf an einem neuen Dual-Fuel-Motor mit einem einfacheren Aufbau und an einem Verfahren zum Betreiben desselben. The known from practice dual-fuel engine 1 of FIG. 1 therefore has two completely separate injection systems, in particular per cylinder via two injectors, namely via the Kraftstoffstoffinjektor 6 for the liquid fuel in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine 1 and via the ignition fluid injector 13 for the ignition fluid in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine 1. This requires a complex structure. There is therefore a need for a new dual-fuel engine having a simpler structure and a method of operating the same.
Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein neuartiges Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Dual-Fuel-Motors und einen entsprechenden Dual-Fuel-Motor zu schaffen. On this basis, the present invention has the object to provide a novel method for operating a dual-fuel engine and a corresponding dual-fuel engine.
Diese Aufgabe wird nach einem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und einen Dual-Fuel-Motor nach Anspruch 10 gelöst. This object is achieved according to a first aspect of the invention by a method according to claim 1 and a dual-fuel engine according to claim 10.
Nach einem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung werden im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors der zündunwillige Kraftstoff und der der Zündung desselben dienende zündwillige Kraftstoff als in einem flüssigem Aggregatzustand vorliegen- de Mischung in den jeweiligen Zylinder des Dual-Fuel-Motor eingebracht, und zwar über den Kraftstoffinjektor, über welches im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual- Fuel-Motors der jeweilige zündwillige Kraftstoff in den jeweiligen Zylinder eingebracht wird. According to a first aspect of the invention, in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, the ignition-deficient fuel and the ignitable fuel serving for ignition thereof are introduced into the respective cylinder of the dual-fuel engine as a mixture in a liquid state of aggregation, namely via the fuel injector, via which the particular ignitable fuel is introduced into the respective cylinder in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine.
Nach einem zweiten Aspekt der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabedurch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 und einen Dual-Fuel-Motor nach Anspruch 14 gelöst. According to a second aspect of the invention, this object is achieved by a method according to claim 12 and a dual-fuel engine according to claim 14.
Nach einem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung wird im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors ausschließlich ein zweiter zündwilliger Kraftstoff in einem flüssigem Aggregatzustand in den oder jeden Zylinder eingebracht, und zwar über den Kraftstoffinjektor, über welches im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors der erste, andere zündwillige Kraftstoff in den jeweiligen Zylinder eingebracht wird.
Beide Aspekte der hier vorliegenden Erfindung ermöglichen einen deutlich einfacheren Aufbau eines Dual-Fuel-Motors. Der Kraftstoffinjektor, welcher im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors zur Einbringung des zündwilligen Kraftstoffs in den jeweiligen Zylinder des Dual-Fuel-Motors dient, dient auch im zweiten Be- triebsmodus der Kraftstoffversorgung des Dual-Fuel-Motors. Demnach kann auf ein aus der Praxis erforderliche, separate Zündfluid-Injektoren verzichtet werden. According to a first aspect of the invention, in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, only a second ignitable fuel in a liquid state is introduced into the or each cylinder, via the fuel injector, via which in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine first, other ignitable fuel is introduced into the respective cylinder. Both aspects of the present invention allow a much simpler construction of a dual-fuel engine. The fuel injector, which serves in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine for introducing the ignition-willing fuel into the respective cylinder of the dual-fuel engine, also serves in the second operating mode of the fuel supply of the dual-fuel engine. Accordingly, it is possible to dispense with a separate ignition fluid injector required from practice.
Hinsichtlich seines ersten Betriebsmodus stimmt der erfindungsgemäße Dual- Fuel-Motor mit einem aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Dual-Fuel-Motor überein. Der zweite Betriebsmodus des erfindungsgemäßen Dual-Fuel-Motors ist jedoch grundlegend verschieden. With regard to its first operating mode, the dual-fuel engine according to the invention coincides with a dual-fuel engine known from the prior art. However, the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine according to the invention is fundamentally different.
Neben der einfacheren konstruktiven Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Dual- Fuel-Motors können im zweiten Betriebsmodus gegenüber dem aus der Praxis bekannten Dual-Fuel-Motor Betriebsvorteile erzielt werden, insbesondere wird ein bei aus der Praxis bekannten Dual-Fuel-Motoren im zweiten Betriebsmodus auftretender Brenngasschlupf vermieden. In addition to the simpler structural design of the dual-fuel engine according to the invention operating advantages can be achieved in the second operating mode compared to the known from practice dual-fuel engine, in particular, a fuel gas slip occurring in practice known dual-fuel engines in the second operating mode is avoided ,
Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt: Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:
Fig. 1 ein Blockschaltbild eines aus der Praxis bekannten Dual-Fuel-Motors, Fig. 1 ein Blockschaltbild eines ersten erfindungsgemäßen Dual-Fuel-Motors; Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a known from practice dual-fuel engine, Figure 1 is a block diagram of a first inventive dual-fuel engine.
Fig. 2 ein Blockschaltbild eines zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Dual-Fuel-Motors; Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a second dual-fuel engine according to the invention;
Fig. 3 ein Blockschaltbild eines dritten erfindungsgemäßen Dual-Fuel-Motors.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Dual-Fuel-Motors und einen Dual-Fuel-Motor. Im Sinne der hier vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Dual-Fuel- Motor in unterschiedlichen Betriebsmodi betreibbar. Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a third dual-fuel engine according to the invention. The invention relates to a method for operating a dual-fuel engine and a dual-fuel engine. For the purposes of the present invention, a dual-fuel engine in different operating modes is operable.
In einem ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors wird ausschließlich ein zündwilliger Kraftstoff mit Hilfe eines Kraftstoffinjektors direkt in den Brennraum des jeweiligen Zylinders des Dual-Fuel-Motors eingebracht und verbrannt, wobei es sich bei dem im ersten Betriebsmodus verbrannten, zündwilligen Kraftstoff insbesondere um einen Dieselkraftstoff oder Schweröl kraftstoff handelt. Dieser im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors genutzte, zündwillige Kraftstoff ist sowohl unter Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen als auch unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden bzw. herrschenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen jeweils flüssig, also in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegend, sei es dünnflüssig wie bei Dieselkraftstoffen oder zähflüssig wie bei Schweröl kraftstoffen . In a first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, only an ignition-willing fuel is introduced and burned directly into the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder of the dual-fuel engine with the aid of a fuel injector, wherein the ignitable fuel ignited in the first operating mode is in particular a diesel fuel or heavy fuel. This ignitable fuel used in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine is liquid both under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions and under the temperature and pressure conditions prevailing in the fuel supply system, ie in a liquid state of aggregation, be it liquid Diesel fuels or viscous as heavy fuel fuels.
In einem zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors wird nach einem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung ein zündunwilliger Kraftstoff direkt in den Brennraum des jeweiligen Zylinder eingebracht, mit Hilfe eines ebenfalls direkt in den Brennraum des jeweiligen Zylinder des Dual-Fuel-Motors eingebrachten zündwilligen Kraftstoff gezündet und verbrannt. Der im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel- Motors genutzte, zündunwillige Kraftstoff und der der Zündung desselben dienende zündwillige Kraftstoff werden dabei als in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegende Mischung direkt in den Brennraum des jeweiligen Zylinders des Dual- Fuel-Motors eingebracht, und zwar über den Kraftstoffinjektor, über welchen im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors der jeweilige zündwillige Kraftstoff direkt in den Brennraum des jeweiligen Zylinders eingebracht wird. In a second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, according to a first aspect of the invention, an ignition-defying fuel is introduced directly into the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder, ignited by means of an ignition-ready fuel likewise introduced directly into the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder of the dual-fuel engine and burned. The ignited fuel used in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine and the igniting fuel serving for ignition thereof are introduced as a mixture present in a liquid state directly into the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder of the dual-fuel engine, via the Fuel injector, via which in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, the respective ignitable fuel is introduced directly into the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder.
An dieser Stelle sei darauf hingewiesen, dass unter einem zündwilligen Kraftstoff ein Kraftstoff verstanden werden soll, dessen Cetanzahl größer als 40 ist.
Unter einem zündunwilligen Kraftstoff soll vorzugsweise ein Kraftstoff verwendet werden, dessen Oktanzahl bei flüssigen Kraftstoffen größer als 91 ROZ ist und bei gasförmigen (bei Umgebungsbedingungen) Kraftstoffen eine Mindest-Methanzahl MZ von 10 (entspricht in etwa 103 ROZ) vorliegt. It should be noted at this point that under a ignitable fuel, a fuel to be understood, the cetane number is greater than 40. An ignition-deficient fuel should preferably be a fuel whose octane number for liquid fuels is greater than 91 RON and for gaseous (at ambient conditions) fuels a minimum methane number MZ of 10 (corresponding to approximately 103 RON) is present.
Weitere Details des ersten erfindungsgemäßen Aspekts der hier vorliegenden Erfindung werden nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf Fig. 2 bis 4 beschrieben. Fig. 2 bis 4 zeigen jeweils schematisiert einen Ausschnitt aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Dual-Fuel-Motor 1 ', 1 ", 1 "' im Bereich eines Zylinders 2 desselben. Der Zylin- der 2 verfügt wiederum über einen Zylinderkopf 3, wobei im Zylinder 2 ein Kolben 4 bewegbar ist, der von einem Pleuel 5 geführt ist. Am Zylinderkopf 3 ist ein Kraft- stoffinjektor 6 montiert bzw. befestigt, wobei über den Kraftstoff! njektor 6 im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors V, 1 ", 1 "' ein zündwilliger Kraftstoff, insbesondere Dieselkraftstoff oder Rückstandölkraftstoff, der von einer Kraftstoffpumpe 8 über eine Kraftstoffleitung 7 gefördert wird, direkt in dem Brennraum 9 des Zylinders 2 eingespritzt werden kann. Wie bereits ausführt, handelt es sich bei dem über die Kraftstoffpumpe 8 im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors V, 1 ", 1 "' geförderten, zündwilligen Kraftstoff um einen Kraftstoff, der sowohl unter Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen als auch unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem herrschenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegt. Further details of the first aspect of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figs. FIGS. 2 to 4 each schematically show a detail of a dual-fuel engine 1 ', 1 ", 1"' according to the invention in the region of a cylinder 2 thereof. The cylinder 2 in turn has a cylinder head 3, wherein in the cylinder 2, a piston 4 is movable, which is guided by a connecting rod 5. A fuel injector 6 is mounted or fastened to the cylinder head 3, with the fuel! In the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine V, 1 ", 1", an ignitable fuel, in particular diesel fuel or residual oil fuel, which is conveyed by a fuel pump 8 via a fuel line 7, is injected directly into the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 can. As already stated, the ignitable fuel conveyed via the fuel pump 8 in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine V, 1 ", 1" is a fuel which is stable under ambient and ambient pressure conditions as well as under the conditions described in US Pat Fuel supply system prevailing temperature and pressure conditions in a liquid state of matter is present.
Vorzugsweise handelt es sich bei diesem im ersten Betriebsmodus genutzten Kraftstoff um Dieselkraftstoff bzw. Schweröl kraftstoff mit einer Cetanzahl größer 40. Preferably, this fuel used in the first operating mode is diesel fuel or heavy fuel oil with a cetane number greater than 40.
Die Verbrennung dieses Kraftstoffs im ersten Betriebsmodus erfolgt unter Anwesenheit von Ladeluft 10, die dem Brennraum 9 des Zylinders 2 über ein Einlassventil 17 zugeführt werden kann. Bei der Verbrennung des Kraftstoffs entstehen- des Abgas 5 kann über ein Auslassventil 18 von dem Brennraum 9 des jeweiligen Zylinders 2 abgeführt werden.
Im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors 1 ', 1 ", 1 "' wird dem Brennraum 9 des Zylinders 2 über den Kraftstoff! njektor 6, der im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors V, 1 ", 1 "' der Einbringung des flüssigen zündwilligen Kraftstoffs dient, einerseits ein zündunwilliger Kraftstoff und andererseits ein der Zündung desselben dienender zündwilliger Kraftstoff eingebracht, wobei im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors V, 1 ", 1 "' der zündunwillige Kraftstoff sowie der der Zündung desselben dienende zündwillige Kraftstoff als in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegende Mischung in den Brennraum 9 des Zylinders 2 ein- gebracht werden, nämlich über den Kraftstoffinjektor 6 des jeweiligen Zylinders 2. The combustion of this fuel in the first operating mode takes place in the presence of charge air 10, which can be supplied to the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 via an inlet valve 17. In the combustion of the fuel incurred exhaust gas 5 can be discharged via an outlet valve 18 of the combustion chamber 9 of the respective cylinder 2. In the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine 1 ', 1 ", 1"' is the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 via the fuel! Njektor 6, which serves in the first mode of operation of the dual-fuel engine V, 1 ", 1"'the introduction of the liquid ignitable fuel, on the one hand an ignition unwanted fuel and on the other hand one of the same ignition serving ignitable fuel, wherein in the second operating mode of the dual -Fuel engine V, 1 ", 1"'ignited ignition fuel and the ignition thereof serving ignition-willing fuel are introduced as present in a liquid state of matter mixture in the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2, namely via the fuel injector 6 of the respective cylinder second
Beim Dual-Fuel-Motor 1 ' der Fig. 2 wird hierzu in einem Kraftstofftank 23 der zündunwillige Kraftstoff und in einem Kraftstofftank 24 der der Zündung des zündunwilligen Kraftstoffs dienende zündwillige Kraftstoff jeweils in flüssigem Ag- gregatzustand bereitgehalten, wobei diese beiden Kraftstoffe mit Hilfe einerIn the case of the dual-fuel engine 1 'of FIG. 2, the ignitable fuel is kept ready in a fuel tank 23 and the fuel willing to ignite the fuel unwilling to ignite is kept ready in a liquid state in each case in a fuel tank 24, these two fuels being stored with the aid of a fuel tank
Mischeinrichtung 25 gemischt, mit Hilfe einer Hochdruckkraftstoffpumpe 26 angesaugt und mit Hilfe einer Kraftstoffzuführleitung 27 als flüssige Mischung dem Kraftstoffinjektor 6 zugeführt werden, um so im zweiten Betriebsmodus die flüssige Mischung aus den beiden Kraftstoffen über den Injektor 6 in den Brennraum 9 des jeweiligen Zylinders 2 einzubringen. Mixing device 25 mixed, sucked by means of a high-pressure fuel pump 26 and supplied to the fuel injector 6 by means of a fuel supply 27 as a liquid mixture so as to introduce the liquid mixture of the two fuels via the injector 6 in the combustion chamber 9 of the respective cylinder 2 in the second operating mode ,
Fig. 3 zeigt einen Ausschnitt aus einem weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Dual-Fuel- Motor 1 ", der hinsichtlich seines grundsätzlichen Aufbaus und seiner grundsätzlichen Funktionsweise dem Dual-Fuel-Motor 1 ' der Fig. 2 entspricht, der sich jedoch von dem Dual-Fuel-Motor 1 ' der Fig. 2 dadurch unterscheidet, dass in Fig. 3 jedem der Kraftstofftanks 23, 24 eine individuelle Hochdruckpumpe 26a, 26b zugeordnet ist, sodass in Fig. 3 der zündwillige Kraftstoff und der zündunwillige Kraftstoff erst stromabwärts der Hochdruckkraftstoffpumpe 26a, 26b in der Mischeinrichtung 25 gemischt werden und dann über die Leitung 27 als flüssige Mischung dem Kraft- stoffinjektor 6 zugeführt werden.
Beim Dual-Fuel-Motor 1 "' der Fig. 4 ist auch jedem Kraftstofftank 23, 24 eine individuelle Hochdruckkraftstoffpumpe 26a, 26b zugeordnet, wobei jedoch in Fig. 4 im Unterschied zu Fig. 3 die Mischung des flüssigen zündwilligen Kraftstoffs mit dem flüssigen zündunwilligen Kraftstoff nicht stromaufwärts des Kraftstoff! njektors 6 er- folgt, sondern im Bereich des Kraftstoffinjektors 6, sodass die jeweiligen flüssigen Kraftstoffe dem Kraftstoffinjektor 6 über individuelle Zuführleitungen 27a, 27b zugeführt werden. 3 shows a detail of a further dual-fuel engine 1 "according to the invention, which, in terms of its basic design and its basic mode of operation, corresponds to the dual-fuel engine 1 'of FIG. 2, but which differs from the dual-fuel engine. Engine 1 'of Fig. 2 differs in that in Fig. 3 each of the fuel tanks 23, 24 is associated with an individual high-pressure pump 26a, 26b, so that in Fig. 3 of the ignitable fuel and the ignition-deficient fuel only downstream of the high-pressure fuel pump 26a, 26b in the mixing device 25 are mixed and then fed via the line 27 as a liquid mixture to the fuel injector 6. In the case of the dual-fuel engine 1 "'of FIG. 4, each individual fuel tank 23, 24 is associated with an individual high-pressure fuel pump 26a, 26b, but in FIG. 4, unlike FIG. 3, the mixture of the liquid ignitable fuel with the liquid igniters Fuel is not supplied upstream of the fuel injector 6, but in the region of the fuel injector 6, so that the respective liquid fuels are supplied to the fuel injector 6 via individual supply lines 27a, 27b.
Wie bereits ausgeführt, liegt der im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors genutzte, zündwillige Kraftstoff, über die Kraftstoffpumpe 8 gefördert und über die Kraftstoffleitung 7 dem Injektor 6 zugeführt wird, sowohl unter Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen als auch unter den Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen, die im Kraftstoffzuführsystem herrschen bzw. vorliegen, jeweils in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vor. As already stated, the ignitable fuel used in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine is conveyed via the fuel pump 8 and supplied to the injector 6 via the fuel line 7, both under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions and under the temperature and pressure conditions , which prevail in the fuel supply system or are present, each in a liquid state.
Nach einer ersten Variante des ersten Aspekts der Erfindung liegen der im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors genutzte zündunwillige Kraftstoff sowie auch der zur Zündung desselben dienende zündwillige Kraftstoff unter Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen jeweils in einem gasförmi- gen Aggregatzustand, jedoch unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden bzw. herrschenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen jeweils in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vor. According to a first variant of the first aspect of the invention, the ignition-deficient fuel used in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine as well as the ignitable fuel used for ignition thereof are in a gaseous state of aggregation under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions but below those in the fuel supply system present or prevailing temperature and pressure conditions in each case in a liquid state of matter.
Bei der ersten Variante des ersten Aspekts der Erfindung handelt es sich dann beim zündunwilligen Kraftstoff vorzugsweise um LPG (Liquified Petroleum Gas) dessen Oktanzahl größer als 91 ROZ, insbesondere größer als 105 ROZ ist, wobei es sich beim zündwilligen Kraftstoff in diesem Fall vorzugsweise um DME (Di- methylether) handelt, dessen Cetanzahl größer als 40, insbesondere größer als 55, ist.
Nach einer zweiten Variante des ersten Aspekts der Erfindung liegt der im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors genutzte zündunwillige Kraftstoff unter Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen in einem gasförmigen Aggregatzustand, jedoch unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Tem- peratur- und Druckbedingungen in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vor, wohingegen der im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors genutzte zündwillige Kraftstoff unter den Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen sowie unter dem im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen jeweils in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegt. In the first variant of the first aspect of the invention, the ignition-deficient fuel is preferably LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) whose octane number is greater than 91 RON, in particular greater than 105 RON, in which case the ignition-willing fuel is preferably DME (Dimethyl ether) whose cetane number is greater than 40, in particular greater than 55, is. According to a second variant of the first aspect of the invention, the ignition-deficient fuel used in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine is in a gaseous state of matter under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions but in a liquid state under the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel supply system whereas the ignitable fuel used in the second mode of operation of the dual-fuel engine is in a liquid state under the ambient and ambient pressure conditions as well as under the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel delivery system.
Bei der zweiten Variante des ersten Aspekts der Erfindung handelt es sich dann beim zündunwilligen Kraftstoff vorzugsweise um LPG mit einer Oktanzahl größer als 105 ROZ und beim zündwilligen Kraftstoff um Dieselkraftstoff oder Schwerölkraftstoff mit einer Cetanzahl größer 40. In the second variant of the first aspect of the invention, the ignition-deficient fuel is preferably LPG having an octane number greater than 105 RON and the ignitable fuel is diesel fuel or heavy fuel oil having a cetane number greater than 40.
Nach einer dritten Variante des ersten Aspekts der Erfindung liegt der im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors genutzte zündunwillige Kraftstoff sowohl unter den Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen als auch unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem herrschenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen jeweils in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vor, wohingegen der im zweiten Betriebsmodus genutzte zündwillige Kraftstoff unter den Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen in einem gasförmigen Zustand jedoch unter dem im Kraftstoffzuführsystem herrschenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegt. According to a third variant of the first aspect of the invention, the ignition-unfriendly fuel used in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine is in a liquid state of aggregation both under the ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions and under the temperature and pressure conditions prevailing in the fuel supply system, whereas ignited fuel used in the second mode of operation is in a gaseous state under the ambient and ambient pressure conditions but in a liquid state under the temperature and pressure conditions prevailing in the fuel delivery system.
Bei der dritten Variante des ersten Aspekts der Erfindung handelt es sich dann beim zündwilligen Kraftstoff vorzugsweise um DME (Dimethylether) mit einer Centanzahl größer 45 und beim zündunwilligen Kraftstoff um Benzin mit einer Oktanzahl größer 91 ROZ.
Die im zweiten Betnebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors nach dem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung genutzte flüssige Mischung aus dem zündunwilligen Kraftstoff und dem zündwilligen Kraftstoff umfasst mehr als 50 %, bevorzugt mehr als 70 %, besonders bevorzugt mehr als 90 %, zündunwilligen Kraftstoff und im Rest zündwilligen Kraftstoff. In the third variant of the first aspect of the invention, the ignition-willing fuel is preferably DME (dimethyl ether) with a number of cents greater than 45 and, in the case of ignition-ignitable fuel, gasoline with an octane number greater than 91 RON. The liquid mixture of the ignition-defying fuel and the ignitable fuel used in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine according to the first aspect of the invention comprises more than 50%, preferably more than 70%, more preferably more than 90%, ignition-deficient fuel and Remaining ignitable fuel.
Nach einem zweiten Aspekt der hier vorliegenden Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors wiederum ausschließlich ein zündwilliger Kraftstoff mit Hilfe eines Kraftstoffinjektors direkt den Brennraum des jeweiligen Zylinders des Dual-Fuel-Motors eingebracht und dort verbrannt wird, wobei es sich bei dem im ersten Betriebsmodus genutzten, zündwilligen Kraftstoff um einen Kraftstoff handelt, der unter Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen sowie unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem herrschenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen jeweils in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vor- liegt. Bei dem im ersten Betriebsmodus genutzten zündwilligen Kraftstoff handelt es sich vorzugsweise wiederum um einen Dieselkraftstoff oder um einen Schwerölkraftstoff mit einer Cetanzahl größer 40. According to a second aspect of the present invention, it is provided that in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, in turn, only an ignition-willing fuel with the help of a fuel injector directly introduced and burned the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder of the dual-fuel engine, where it the ignitable fuel used in the first operating mode is a fuel which is present in a liquid state of aggregation under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions as well as under the temperature and pressure conditions prevailing in the fuel supply system. The ignitable fuel used in the first operating mode is again preferably a diesel fuel or a heavy fuel oil with a cetane number greater than 40.
Nach dem zweiten Aspekt der Erfindung wird im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual- Fuel-Motors in den Brennraum 9 des jeweiligen Zylinders 2 ebenfalls ausschließlich ein zweiter zündwilliger Kraftstoff und demnach anderer zündwilliger Kraftstoff in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand direkt eingebracht, und zwar mit Hilfe des Kraftstoffinjektors, über welchen im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors der erste zündwillige Kraftstoff eingebracht wird, wobei es sich bei dem im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors genutzten, zündwilligen Kraftstoff um einen Kraftstoff handelt, der unter Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen in einem gasförmigen Aggregatzustand jedoch unter dem im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegt. Hierbei handelt es sich dann vorzugsweise um DME (Dimethylether) mit einer Cetanzahl größer 55.
Mit der Erfindung können eine Vielzahl von Vorteilen realisiert werden. So kann auf aus der Praxis erforderliche Zündfluid-Injektoren verzichtet werden. Beim erfindungsgemäßen Dual-Fuel-Motor kann ein und derselbe Kraftstoffinjektor genutzt werden, um im ersten Betriebsmodus und im zweiten Betriebsmodus den jeweiligen Zylinder mit dem jeweiligen Kraftstoff bzw. Kraftstoffgemisch, welches in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand in den Zylinder eingebracht wird, zu versorgen. According to the second aspect of the invention, in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine in the combustion chamber 9 of the respective cylinder 2 also only a second ignitable fuel and therefore other ignitable fuel in a liquid state of matter directly introduced, with the help of the fuel injector over which in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, the first ignition-willing fuel is introduced, wherein it is used in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, ignitable fuel is a fuel under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions in a gaseous state but present in a liquid state under the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel delivery system. These are then preferably DME (dimethyl ether) having a cetane number greater than 55. With the invention, a variety of advantages can be realized. So can be dispensed with required from practice Zündfluid injectors. In the case of the dual-fuel engine according to the invention, one and the same fuel injector can be used to supply the respective cylinder with the respective fuel or fuel mixture, which is introduced into the cylinder in a liquid state of aggregation, in the first operating mode and in the second operating mode.
Im zweiten Betriebsmodus kann der Kraftstoff, der unter Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingen an sich gasförmig ist, in einem flüssigen Aggre- gatzustand mit guter Zerstäubung und Verdampfung in den Brennraum des jeweiligen Zylinders eingebracht werden. Hierdurch kann dann eine sehr gute Vermischung mit der Ladeluft gewährleistet werden, wodurch der Kraftstoff unter verringerter Rußbildung optimal verbrannt wird. Ein derartiger Dual-Fuel-Motor neigt im zweiten Betriebsmodus nicht zum Klopfen. Ferner kann das Problem eines Kraft- Stoffschlupfs vermieden werden. In the second operating mode, the fuel, which is gaseous under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions, can be introduced into the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder in a liquid aggregate state with good atomization and vaporization. In this way, a very good mixing with the charge air can be ensured, whereby the fuel is optimally burned with reduced formation of soot. Such a dual-fuel engine does not tend to knock in the second mode of operation. Furthermore, the problem of fuel slippage can be avoided.
Durch die optimale Verbrennung auch im zweiten Betriebsmodus kann nicht nur die Rußbildung verringert werden, ferner fallen auch weniger Schadstoffe wie HC und NOx Emissionen an. Auch kann mit geringen Einspritzdrücken in der Größen- Ordnung von 500 bar gearbeitet werden, wodurch Bauteile des Einspritzsystems einem geringeren Verschleiß ausgesetzt sind. Bereits im Feld genutzte, reine Dieselmotoren können relativ einfach auf den erfindungsgemäßen Dual-Fuel-Motor umgerüstet werden. Optimum combustion, even in the second mode of operation, not only reduces soot formation, but also reduces pollutants such as HC and NOx emissions. Also can be worked with low injection pressures in the order of magnitude of 500 bar, whereby components of the injection system are exposed to less wear. Already used in the field, pure diesel engines can be relatively easily converted to the dual-fuel engine according to the invention.
Es sei drauf hingewiesen, der im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors genutzte zündwillige Kraftstoff eine Mischung aus mehreren entsprechenden zündwilligen Kraftstoffen mit sich bezogen auf die Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen sowie die im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen gleich verhaltenden Aggregatzuständen sein kann.
Ferner kann der im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors genutzte zündwillige Kraftstoff eine Mischung aus mehreren entsprechenden zündwilligen Kraftstoffen mit sich bezogen auf die Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen sowie die im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen gleich verhaltenden Aggregatzuständen sein. It should be pointed out that the ignitable fuel used in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine may be a mixture of a plurality of corresponding ignitable fuels with respect to the ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions as well as the present in the fuel supply system temperature and pressure conditions behaving aggregate states. Further, the ignitable fuel used in the second mode of operation of the dual-fuel engine may be a mixture of a plurality of corresponding ignitable fuels with respect to the ambient and ambient pressure conditions and the aggregate conditions of temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel delivery system.
Ferner kann der nach dem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors genutzte zündunwillige Kraftstoff eine Mischung aus mehreren entsprechenden zündunwilligen Kraftstoffen mit sich bezogen auf die Umge- bungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen sowie die im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen gleich verhaltenden Aggregatzuständen sein.
Further, the ignitable fuel used in the second mode of operation of the dual-fuel engine according to the first aspect of the present invention may equally behave as a mixture of a plurality of corresponding ignitable fuels with respect to the ambient temperature and pressure conditions and the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel delivery system Be aggregate states.
Claims
Ansprüche claims
Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Dual-Fuel-Motors (1 ', 1 ", 1 "') mit mindestens einem Zylinder (2), Method for operating a dual-fuel engine (1 ', 1 ", 1"') with at least one cylinder (2),
wobei in einem ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors (1 ', 1 ", 1 "') ausschließlich ein zündwilliger Kraftstoff mit Hilfe eines Kraftstoffinjektors (6) eines Kraftstoffzuführsystems in den jeweiligen Zylinder (2) eingebracht und verbrannt wird, wherein in a first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine (1 ', 1 ", 1"') only an ignitable fuel with the aid of a fuel injector (6) of a fuel supply system in the respective cylinder (2) is introduced and burned,
wobei in einem zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors (1 ', 1 ", 1 "') ein zündunwilliger Kraftstoff in den jeweiligen Zylinder (2) eingebracht, mit Hilfe eines ebenfalls in den jeweiligen Zylinder (2) eingebrachten zündwilligen Kraftstoffs gezündet und verbrannt wird, wherein in a second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine (1 ', 1 ", 1"') an ignition-unintentional fuel introduced into the respective cylinder (2), ignited by means of an also in the respective cylinder (2) introduced ignitable fuel and is burned,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors (1 ', 1 ", 1 "') der zündunwillige Kraftstoff und der der Zündung desselben dienende zündwillige Kraftstoff als in einem flüssigem Aggregatzustand vorliegende Mischung in den jeweiligen Zylinder (2) eingebracht wird, und zwar über den Kraftstoffinjektor (6), über welchen im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors der jeweilige zündwillige Kraftstoff in den jeweiligen Zylinder (2) eingebracht wird. in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine (1 ', 1 ", 1"'), the ignition-deficient fuel and the ignitable fuel serving for ignition thereof are introduced into the respective cylinder (2) as a mixture in a liquid state of aggregation via the fuel injector (6), via which the respective ignitable fuel is introduced into the respective cylinder (2) in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Method according to claim 1, characterized in that
der im zweiten Betriebsmodus genutzte zündunwillige Kraftstoff unter Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen in einem gasförmigen Aggregatzustand jedoch unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegt, however, the ignitable fuel used in the second mode of operation is in a gaseous state of aggregation under ambient and ambient pressure conditions below the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel delivery system,
der im zweiten Betriebsmodus genutzte zündwillige Kraftstoff unter den Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen sowie unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen jeweils in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegt.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass the ignitable fuel used in the second operating mode is present in a liquid state of aggregation under the ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions as well as under the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel supply system. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that
der im zweiten Betriebsmodus genutzte zündwillige Kraftstoff unter Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen in einem gasförmigen Aggregatzustand jedoch unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegt, however, the ignitable fuel used in the second mode of operation is in a liquid state under ambient and ambient pressure conditions in a gaseous state of matter below the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel delivery system,
der im zweiten Betriebsmodus genutzte zündunwillige Kraftstoff unter den Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen sowie unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen jeweils in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegt. the ignition-deficient fuel used in the second operating mode is in a liquid state of aggregation under the ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions as well as under the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel supply system.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der im zweiten Betriebsmodus genutzte zündwillige Kraftstoff ebenso wie der im zweiten Betriebsmodus genutzte zündunwillige Kraftstoff unter Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen in einem gasförmigen Aggregatzustand jedoch unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegen. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ignitable fuel used in the second operating mode as well as the ignition-unfriendly fuel used in the second operating mode are present under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions in a gaseous state but under the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel supply system in a liquid state.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der im ersten Betriebsmodus genutzte zündwillige Kraftstoff unter den Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen sowie unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen jeweils in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegt. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ignitable fuel used in the first operating mode is present in a liquid state of aggregation under the ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions as well as under the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel supply system.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors (1 ') genutzte zündunwillige Kraftstoff und zündwillige Kraftstoff stromaufwärts einer Hoch- druckkraftstoffpumpe (26) des Kraftstoffzuführsystems gemischt werden.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors (1 ") genutzte zündunwillige Kraftstoff und zündwillige Kraftstoff stromabwärts von Hoch- druckkraftstoffpumpen (26a, 26b) des Kraftstoffzuführsystems jedoch stromaufwärts der jeweiligen Kraftstoffinjektors (6) gemischt werden. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine (1 ') used ignitable fuel and ignitable fuel upstream of a high pressure fuel pump (26) of the fuel supply system are mixed. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine (1 ") used ignitable fuel and ignitable fuel downstream of high-pressure fuel pumps (26a, 26b) of the fuel supply system, however, upstream of the respective fuel injector (6) to be mixed.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors (1 "') genutzte zündunwillige Kraftstoff und zündwillige Kraftstoff stromabwärts von Hoch- druckkraftstoffpumpen (26a, 26b) des Kraftstoffzuführsystems im Bereich des jeweiligen Kraftstoffinjektors (6) gemischt werden. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine (1 "') used ignitable fuel and ignitable fuel downstream of high-pressure fuel pumps (26a, 26b) of the fuel supply system in the region of the respective Fuel injector (6) are mixed.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors genutzte Mischung aus dem zündunwilligen Kraftstoff und dem zündwilligen Kraftstoff mehr als 50%, bevorzugt mehr als 70%, besonders bevorzugt mehr als 90%, zündunwilligen Kraftstoff und im Rest zündwilligen Kraftstoff enthält. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the mixture used in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine of the ignition-defying fuel and the ignitable fuel more than 50%, preferably more than 70%, more preferably more than 90% , ignition-deficient fuel and the rest contains ignitable fuel.
10. Dual-Fuel-Motor (1 ', 1 ", 1 "') mit mindestens einem Zylinder (2), 10. Dual-fuel engine (1 ', 1 ", 1"') with at least one cylinder (2),
wobei in einem ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors (1 ', 1 ", 1 "') ausschließlich ein zündwilliger Kraftstoff mit Hilfe eines Kraftstoffinjektors (6) eines Kraftstoffzuführsystems in den jeweiligen Zylinder (2) einbringbar und verbrennbar ist, wherein in a first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine (1 ', 1 ", 1"') only an ignition-willing fuel with the aid of a fuel injector (6) of a fuel supply system in the respective cylinder (2) can be introduced and burned,
wobei in einem zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors (1 ', 1 ", wherein in a second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine (1 ', 1 ",
1 "') ein zündunwilliger Kraftstoff in jeweiligen Zylinder (2) einbringbar, mit Hilfe eines ebenfalls in den jeweiligen Zylinder (2) eingebrachten zündwilligen Kraftstoffs zündbar und verbrennbar ist, 1 "') an ignition-deficient fuel can be introduced into the respective cylinder (2), can be ignited and combusted with the aid of an ignitable fuel likewise introduced into the respective cylinder (2),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
im zweiten Betnebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors (1 ', 1 ", 1 "') der zündunwillige Kraftstoff und der der Zündung desselben dienende zündwillige Kraftstoff als in einem flüssigem Aggregatzustand vorliegende Mischung in den jeweiligen Zylinder (2) einbringbar sind, und zwar über den Kraftstoff- injektor (6), über welchen im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors der jeweilige zündwillige Kraftstoff in den jeweiligen Zylinder (2) einbringbar ist. characterized in that in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine (1 ', 1 ", 1"'), the ignition-deficient fuel and the ignitable fuel serving for ignition thereof can be introduced into the respective cylinder (2) as a mixture in a liquid state of aggregation via the fuel injector (6), via which the respective ignitable fuel can be introduced into the respective cylinder (2) in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine.
Dual-Fuel-Motor nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dasDual-fuel engine according to claim 10, characterized in that the
Kraftstoffzuführsystem desselben das Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 ausführt. A fuel supply system of the same performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Dual-Fuel-Motors mit mindestens einem Zylinder, Method for operating a dual-fuel engine with at least one cylinder,
wobei in einem ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors ausschließlich ein erster zündwilliger Kraftstoff mit Hilfe eines Kraftstoffinjektors eines Kraftstoffzuführsystems in den jeweiligen Zylinder eingebracht und verbrannt wird, wherein, in a first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, only a first ignition-willing fuel is introduced into the respective cylinder and burned with the aid of a fuel injector of a fuel supply system,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors ausschließlich ein zweiter zündwilliger Kraftstoff in einem flüssigem Aggregatzustand in den oder jeden Zylinder eingebracht wird, und zwar über den Kraftstoffinjektor, über welches im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors der erste zündwillige Kraftstoff in den jeweiligen Zylinder eingebracht wird. in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, only a second ignitable fuel in a liquid state is introduced into the or each cylinder, via the fuel injector, via which in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, the first ignitable fuel in the respective Cylinder is introduced.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass A method according to claim 12, characterized in that
der im ersten Betriebsmodus genutzte erste zündwillige Kraftstoff unter Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen sowie unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen jeweils in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegt,
der im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors genutzte zweite zündwillige Kraftstoff unter Umgebungstemperatur- und Umgebungsdruckbedingungen in einem gasförmigen Aggregatzustand jedoch unter den im Kraftstoffzuführsystem vorliegenden Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen in einem flüssigen Aggregatzustand vorliegt. the first ignitable fuel used in the first operating mode is present in a liquid state of aggregation under ambient temperature and ambient pressure conditions as well as under the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel supply system, however, the second ignitable fuel used in the second mode of operation of the dual-fuel engine is in a gaseous state under ambient and ambient pressure conditions in a liquid state under the temperature and pressure conditions present in the fuel delivery system.
14. Dual-Fuel-Motor mit mindestens einem Zylinder, 14. Dual-fuel engine with at least one cylinder,
wobei in einem ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors ausschließlich ein erster zündwilliger Kraftstoff mit Hilfe eines Kraftstoffinjektors eines Kraftstoffzuführsystems in den jeweiligen Zylinder des Dual-Fuel- wherein in a first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine only a first ignitable fuel with the aid of a fuel injector of a fuel supply system in the respective cylinder of the dual-fuel
Motors einbringbar und verbrennbar ist, Motor can be introduced and burned,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
im zweiten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors ausschließlich ein zweiter zündwilliger Kraftstoff in einem flüssigem Aggregatzustand in den oder jeden Zylinder über den Kraftstoffinjektor, über welchen im ersten Betriebsmodus des Dual-Fuel-Motors der erste zündwillige Kraftstoff eingebracht wird, in den jeweiligen Zylinder einbringbar und verbrennbar ist. in the second operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, only a second ignitable fuel in a liquid state in the or each cylinder via the fuel injector, via which the first ignitable fuel is introduced in the first operating mode of the dual-fuel engine, introduced into the respective cylinder and is combustible.
Dual-Fuel-Motor nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dasDual-fuel engine according to claim 14, characterized in that the
Kraftstoffzuführsystem desselben das Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 13 ausführt.
A fuel supply system of the same performs the method according to any one of claims 12 to 13.
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DE102017208176.7 | 2017-05-15 | ||
DE102017208176.7A DE102017208176A1 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2017-05-15 | Method of operating a dual-fuel engine and dual-fuel engine |
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WO2018210461A1 true WO2018210461A1 (en) | 2018-11-22 |
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PCT/EP2018/055414 WO2018210461A1 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2018-03-06 | Method for operating a dual-fuel engine, and dual-fuel engine |
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WO (1) | WO2018210461A1 (en) |
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