WO2018072684A1 - Adaptive allocation adjustment method and apparatus for air interface resource of narrowband system - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are an adaptive allocation adjustment method and apparatus for an air interface resource of a narrowband system. The method comprises the following steps: a base station allocates a virtual physical channel to each physical channel of a narrowband system, the virtual physical channel being a virtual physical channel that can only transmit a fixed packet length, use a fixed modulation mode, use a fixed transmission code rate and use a fixed channel coding mode; and the base station broadcasts, to a user equipment, the virtual physical channel allocated to each physical channel, so that the user equipment determines a physical channel by itself and sends a data packet according to the virtual physical channel allocated to the physical channel. The technical solution provided in the present application has the advantage of lower system overheads.

Description

Adaptive configuration adjustment method and device for air interface resource of narrowband system Technical field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to an adaptive configuration adjustment method and apparatus for air interface resources of a narrowband system.

Background technique

With the development of the mobile Internet and the Internet of Things industry, more and more terminals are connected to each other and share more abundant data. In the face of the Internet of Things market for enterprise users, low-cost, easy-to-deploy and maintenance-free requirements for IoT system devices are proposed. Thus, a narrowband communication system over the unlicensed spectrum can meet the above requirements.

Compared with the licensed spectrum of operators, the unlicensed spectrum has the advantages of free and sufficient spectrum resources, but it also has limitations. For example, all regions have stipulated corresponding regulations for the application of unlicensed spectrum, which avoids all devices being randomly and unrestrictedly transmitted on the unlicensed spectrum. The regulations are basically based on two kinds of restrictions: one is based on listen before talk (referred to as: LBT), that is, any device must listen to the channel for a period of time before sending data. Only the channel can be idle for more than a certain period of time to occupy the new arrival. The second is based on the low duty cycle, that is, any device can not listen to the channel before sending, but A certain transmission duty ratio must be met, that is, the total transmission time of the device cannot exceed a threshold within a certain period of time. Unlike the way in which the base station in the licensed spectrum centrally controls transmission, most of the unlicensed spectrum uses a contention-based transmission. Since the centralized scheduling cannot be performed on the unlicensed spectrum, there is no physical downlink control channel (English): Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and physical uplink control channel for Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol. :Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and other transmission control channels transmit control information, and 802.11n-like Wifi protocol is a transmission header that adds a fixed modulation mode at the beginning of the transmission packet to indicate the code of the following payload (English: Payload). Rate, modulation mode, and transmission packet length. Therefore, the WIFI solution has a large system overhead.

Summary of the invention

The present application provides an adaptive configuration adjustment method and apparatus for air interface resources of a narrowband system, which can reduce system overhead.

In a first aspect, the present application provides an adaptive configuration adjustment method for a narrowband system air interface resource, where the method includes the following steps:

The base station will allocate a virtual physical channel for each physical channel of the narrowband system, the virtual physical channel being: only transmitting a certain fixed packet length, using a fixed modulation mode, using a fixed transmission code rate, and a virtual physical channel using a fixed channel coding mode; the base station broadcasts a virtual physical channel to each user channel by broadcasting a message to the user equipment, so that the user equipment decides a physical channel autonomously, and virtualizes the virtual channel according to the one physical channel. The physical channel sends a packet.

The technical solution provided by one aspect of the present application reduces the air interface data packet head overhead and improves the mapping between the physical channel and the virtual physical channel by the user, and the user selects the physical channel according to the downlink channel condition and modulates the data by using the agreed virtual physical channel mode. System capacity.

In an alternative, the base station allocates a virtual physical channel specific to each physical channel of the narrowband system, including: establishing a mapping relationship between each physical channel and the allocated virtual physical channel, and periodically detecting the The load of the allocated virtual physical channel is periodically updated according to the load.

In an alternative, periodically adjusting the number of allocated virtual physical channels can avoid the length of the virtual physical channel. The problem of not using the occupied physical channel occurs.

In another alternative, the base station transmitting the virtual physical channel to each of the physical channels by using the broadcast message to the user equipment includes: the base station broadcasts the virtual physical channel to each of the physical channels by the base station in a complete manner, where the complete manner is specific. The method includes: the base station enumerating virtual physical channels allocated by all physical channels in the broadcast message.

Still another alternative described above provides a specific implementation of the broadcast message, supporting the implementation of the method of the first aspect.

In the following alternative, the method for the base station to allocate the virtual physical channels allocated by all the physical channels in the broadcast message specifically includes: the base station carrying an index of the virtual physical channels allocated by all the physical channels in the broadcast message; Or if the index of the virtual physical channel of the other physical channel is the same as the index of the virtual physical channel of the one physical channel, the base station omits the index of the virtual physical channel of the another physical channel in the broadcast message, and And adding, in the broadcast message, an identifier of a virtual physical channel of the another physical channel and an index of a virtual physical channel of the one physical channel.

The foregoing alternative provides a specific implementation of the broadcast message, and supports the implementation of the method of the first aspect.

In an optional implementation, the base station, by using the broadcast message, to broadcast the virtual physical channel to each user channel by using the broadcast message, specifically includes: the base station broadcasts a virtual physical channel to each user channel by using a coarse-grained manner, the coarse-grained Specifically, the base station divides the subchannel into multiple groups, each group allocates one virtual physical channel, and one virtual physical channel allocated by each group is listed in the broadcast message.

In yet another alternative, a specific implementation of the broadcast message is provided, supporting the implementation of the method of the first aspect.

In the latter alternative, the base station transmitting the virtual physical channel to each of the physical channels by the base station by using the broadcast message specifically includes: the base station broadcasts the virtual physical channel to each of the physical channels by the base station in a fine-grained manner. The fine-grained manner is specifically: the base station indicates the virtual physical channel used by using a bitmap, and allocates the number of subchannels in the order of subchannels for each used virtual physical channel.

In the latter alternative, a specific implementation of the broadcast message is provided, supporting the implementation of the method of the first aspect.

In a second aspect, a base station is provided, where the base station includes:

An allocating unit, configured to allocate a virtual physical channel to each physical channel of the narrowband system, where the virtual physical channel is: only a certain fixed packet length, a fixed modulation mode, and a fixed Transmission rate and virtual physical channel using a fixed channel coding method,

And a broadcast unit, configured to broadcast a virtual physical channel to each user channel by using a broadcast message, so that the user equipment autonomously decides one physical channel, and sends the data packet according to the virtual physical channel allocated by the one physical channel.

The technical solution provided by the second aspect of the present application, by broadcasting the mapping relationship between the physical channel and the virtual physical channel, the user independently selects the physical channel according to the downlink channel condition, and modulates the data by using the agreed virtual physical channel mode, thereby reducing the overhead of the air interface data packet header. Increased system capacity.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the format of a data packet.

2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for adaptively adjusting an air interface resource of a narrowband system according to an embodiment of the present application.

2-1 is a schematic diagram of a format of a broadcast message in a complete manner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2-2 is a schematic diagram of a format of a broadcast message in another complete manner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

2-3 is a schematic diagram of a format of a broadcast message in a coarse-grained manner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

2-4 is a schematic diagram of a format of a broadcast message in a fine-grained manner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a hardware of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

detailed description

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 can be a schematic diagram of a format of a data packet. As shown in FIG. 1 , the resource indication of the Wifi system is to transmit a signal in a Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation mode. The SIGNAL field (40 bits) indicates the code rate and modulation mode used by the data (DATA) field in the SIGNAL field. In a narrowband system, the data packets sent by the terminal to the base station through wifi are required to comply with the format of the MAC packet as shown in FIG. 1, so that when the amount of data carried in the data domain is small, the overhead of the system is large.

Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive configuration adjustment method for an air interface resource of a narrowband system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method is implemented in a network architecture as shown in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. The method includes: a user equipment (UE), a base station (English: Evolved node B, eNB), and a core network, where the user equipment is connected to the base station by using a wireless manner, for example, a mobile phone, and the base station is connected to the core network. The method is shown in Figure 2 and includes the following steps:

Step S201: The base station allocates a virtual physical channel to each physical channel of the narrowband system, where the one virtual physical channel may be: only a certain fixed packet length, a fixed modulation mode, and a fixed transmission. Rate and a virtual physical channel using a fixed channel coding scheme;

Optionally, the assigning, by the foregoing base station, a virtual physical channel to each physical channel of the narrowband system may include:

The base station establishes a mapping relationship between each physical channel and the allocated virtual physical channel, periodically detects the load of the allocated virtual physical channel, and periodically updates the mapping relationship according to the load. The specific update manner may be: the base station periodically detects the load of the allocated virtual physical channel, and if the load of the allocated virtual physical channel is greater than the overload threshold, increasing the number of physical channels for the virtual physical channel, as described above. When the load of the assigned virtual physical channel is below the light load threshold, the number of physical channels is reduced for the virtual physical channel.

The load of the virtual physical channel may be calculated according to parameters of the virtual physical channel, and the parameters of the virtual physical channel include, but are not limited to, the number of allowed frames, the signal power value of the virtual physical channel, and the signal to noise ratio of the virtual physical channel. The above calculation method is not limited to this application.

The above overload threshold or light load threshold can be set by the user.

The total bandwidth of the system in step S201 is 1.8 MHz, and a guard band of 180 kHz is reserved. The other frequency bands are divided into nine channels of 180 kHz; among the channels of 180 kHz, there are six sub-channels of 30 kHz; that is, 54 sub-channels. The number of the virtual physical channels may be 10. In actual applications, the number of the virtual physical channels may be other numbers, for example, 32 or 40, etc. Users of resource transmission should be BPSK modulated, 1/3 code rate, packet length 160ms, Turbo channel coding. The physical resource transmission user corresponding to virtual channel 2 should be quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, 1/3 code rate, packet length 160 ms, Turbo channel coding.

Step S202: The base station broadcasts a virtual physical channel to each user channel by using a broadcast message to enable the user equipment to self-determine a physical channel, and sends data according to the virtual physical channel allocated by the one physical channel. package.

The broadcast message of the above step S202 may be a periodic transmission, and the above period may be used as a modifiable configuration parameter, which is set by the factory by default.

The implementation method of the foregoing step S202 may specifically include:

The base station broadcasts a virtual physical channel to each user channel by broadcasting to the user equipment in a complete manner.

The implementation manner of the above-mentioned complete mode broadcast to the user equipment, that is, the base station needs to broadcast all the virtual physical channels allocated by all the physical channels to the user equipment, taking the 54 subchannels as an example, and assuming that the subchannels 0-9 allocate the virtual physical channel 1, Subchannels 11-19 allocate virtual physical channels 2, subchannels 20-25 allocate virtual physical channels 3, subchannels 26-30 allocate virtual physical channels 4, subchannels 31-33 allocate virtual physical channels 5, and subchannels 34-40 allocate The virtual physical channel 6, the subchannels 41-44 are assigned virtual physical channels 7, the subchannels 45-48 are assigned virtual physical channels 8, the subchannels 49-50 are assigned virtual physical channels 9, and the subchannels 51-53 are assigned virtual physical channels 10. Broadcasting to the user equipment in a complete manner requires that 54 subchannels be exhausted, that is, the virtual physical channels allocated to each subchannel need to be enumerated by means of a virtual channel index.

The format of the broadcast message in the above manner is as shown in Figure 2-1. The Type field indicates the allocation mode. In this application, there are three types of allocation, so the Type field reserves 2 bits, as shown in Figure 2-1. The value of the corresponding Type field may be 00, Ch0#_VCh_Index is the index of the virtual physical channel of subchannel 0, and the same flag field occupies 1 bit, wherein the same flag field is 1, indicating Ch1# The index of the virtual physical channel of _VCh_Index is the same as the index of the virtual physical channel of Ch0#_VCh_Index, and the same flag field is 0, indicating that the index of the virtual physical channel of Ch1#_VCh_Index is different from the index of the virtual physical channel of Ch0#_VCh_Index, in same When the flag field is 1, the index of the virtual physical channel of the latter subchannel may be omitted. ChN#_VCh_Index represents the index of the virtual physical channel of the subchannel N. Taking the above example of actual allocation as an example, the format of the broadcast message is as shown in Figure 2-2.

The implementation method of the foregoing step S202 may specifically include:

The base station broadcasts a virtual physical channel to each of the physical channels by the base station in a coarse-grained manner. Specifically, the coarse-grained manner may be that the sub-channel is divided into multiple group groups, each group is assigned one virtual physical channel, and one virtual physical channel allocated by each group is listed in the broadcast message.

The format of the coarse-grained broadcast message is as shown in Figure 2-3. As shown in Figure 2-3, the Type field indicates the allocation mode. The value corresponding to the allocation mode in Figure 2-3 can be 01, G0#_Vch_Index. Indicates the index of the virtual physical channel allocated by the 0th group, and GN#_Vch_Index indicates the index of the virtual physical channel allocated by the Nth group.

The implementation method of the foregoing step S202 may specifically include:

The base station broadcasts a virtual physical channel to each of the physical channels by the base station in a fine-grained manner. The fine-grained manner may specifically be: using a bitmap to represent the virtual physical channel used, and assigning the number of subchannels in the order of subchannels for each used virtual physical channel.

For a bitmap, it takes multiple bits, taking 32 bits as an example. Each bit represents the usage of a virtual physical channel. For example, the values of the first, third, and fifth bits of the 32 bits are 1. Then, the virtual physical channel 1, the virtual physical channel 3, and the virtual physical channel 5 are used. Conversely, if the value of the corresponding bit is 0, the virtual physical signal corresponding to the serial number is not used. Of course, in practical applications, bitmaps of other digits may also be used to indicate the usage of the virtual physical channel.

The format of the coarse-grained broadcast message is as shown in Figure 2-4. The Type field indicates the allocation mode. The value corresponding to the allocation mode in Figure 2-4 can be 11. VCh_1#_Num indicates the first occupied in the bitmap. The number of subchannels allocated by the virtual physical channel, VCh_N#_Num represents the number of subchannels allocated by the Nth occupied virtual physical channel in the bitmap. For example, the value of the bitmap may be: 0101, the value of VCh_1#_Num may be: 11110, and the value of VCh_2#_Num may be: 11000, indicating that the virtual physical channel used is virtual physical channel 2 and virtual physical channel 4. The number of corresponding subchannels is 30 and 24, that is, subchannels 0-29 use virtual physical channel 2, and subchannels 30-53 use virtual physical channel 4.

Optionally, after the step S202, the foregoing method may further include:

The base station receives the data packet sent by the user equipment, and the data packet includes an indication that the virtual channel in the downlink direction is not changed, and the indication is, for example, a mac control message (English: Mac Control Element, MCE), and the base station parses the data packet. When the data packet needs to be sent to the user equipment, the base station does not change the virtual physical channel to send the data packet to the user equipment.

The UE sends a data packet to the base station, and the UE directly selects the physical channel, that is, the subchannel, and then directly transmits the downlink channel, but for the downlink information (that is, the direction in which the base station sends the data packet to the UE), the UE does not know which subchannel is selected by the base station to transmit. The relationship between the uplink (the direction in which the UE sends the data packet to the base station) and the downlink virtual physical channel is that the base station and the UE use the same virtual physical channel for uplink and downlink communication.

If the UE transmits multiple times on a virtual physical channel, the virtual physical channel may be too congested. If the UE switches other uplink or lower-order uplink virtual physical channels, if the base station and the UE use the same virtual On the physical channel uplink and downlink communication, the downlink virtual physical channel corresponding to the base station also changes, which causes waste of downlink resources. The MCE indication is added to the uplink data packet, and only the uplink virtual physical channel of the current data packet is transformed, and the downlink virtual network does not need to be changed. Physical channel. The scheme reduces the packet delay, and the virtual physical channel in the downlink direction does not change, reduces the complexity of data packet transmission in the downlink direction, and avoids the down-modulation of the downlink modulation mode caused by user conflicts.

The air interface usage method of the technical solution provided by the present application is different. The base station broadcasts the physical channel and the virtual physical channel, and the user selects the physical channel autonomously according to the downlink channel condition, and modulates the data by using the agreed virtual physical channel mode. The method reduces the overhead of the air interface data packet header and improves the system capacity. The base station can adjust the virtual air channel resource according to the network load to adjust the virtual physical channel mapping to adapt to the network, that is, the cell level adjustment of the method; the UE can increase the channel congestion factor, and temporarily change the channel, that is, the user level of the method. Tuning, with a small amount of overhead, increases system flexibility.

Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a base station 300 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, where the base station includes:

The allocating unit 301 is configured to allocate a virtual physical channel to each physical channel of the narrowband system, where the virtual physical channel is: only a certain fixed packet length, a fixed modulation mode, and a certain fixed Transmission rate and virtual physical channel using a fixed channel coding method,

The broadcasting unit 302 is configured to broadcast a virtual physical channel to each user channel by using a broadcast message to enable the user equipment to autonomously decide one physical channel, and send the data packet according to the virtual physical channel allocated by the one physical channel.

Optionally, the allocating unit 301 is configured to establish a mapping relationship between each physical channel and the allocated virtual physical channel, periodically detecting a load of the allocated virtual physical channel, and periodically updating the load according to the load. Mapping relations.

Optionally, the broadcast unit 302 is configured to allocate, by using a complete manner, a virtual physical channel for each physical channel to be broadcast to the user equipment, where the complete manner includes: the virtual physics that the base station allocates all the physical channels in the broadcast message. Channel enumeration.

Optionally, the broadcast unit 302 is configured to carry, in the broadcast message, an index of a virtual physical channel allocated by all physical channels; or an index of a virtual physical channel of another physical channel and a virtual physical of the one physical channel. If the index of the channel is the same, the base station omits the index of the virtual physical channel of the another physical channel in the broadcast message, and adds an index of the virtual physical channel of the another physical channel to the broadcast message. The index of the virtual physical channel of a physical channel is the same identifier.

Optionally, the broadcast unit 302 is configured to allocate a virtual physical channel to each user channel by using a coarse-grained manner, where the base station divides the subchannel into multiple groups, and each group is allocated. A virtual physical channel, enumerating one virtual physical channel assigned by each group in a broadcast message.

Optionally, the broadcast unit 302 is configured to allocate a virtual physical channel to each user channel by using a fine-grained manner to broadcast the physical channel. The fine-grained manner is specifically: the base station indicates the virtual physical channel used by using a bitmap, and allocates the number of subchannels in the order of subchannels for each used virtual physical channel.

Optionally, the foregoing base station further includes: a receiving unit 302, configured to receive a data packet sent by the user equipment;

The processing unit 304 is configured to not change the virtual physical channel in the downlink direction when the data packet includes an indication that the virtual channel in the downlink direction is not changed.

The technical effects, technical terms, and implementation manners of the technical solutions provided by another embodiment of the present application can be referred to the description in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and details are not described herein. As shown in FIG. 4, the base station 40 includes a processor 401, a memory 402, a wireless transceiver 403, and a bus 404. The wireless transceiver 403 is configured to transmit and receive data with and from an external device. The number of processors 401 in base station 40 may be one or more. In some embodiments of the present application, processor 401, memory 402, and wireless transceiver 403 may be connected by a bus or other means. Apparatus 40 can be used to perform the method illustrated in FIG. For the meaning and examples of the terms involved in the embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding embodiment of FIG. 2. I will not repeat them here.

The program code is stored in the memory 402. The processor 401 is configured to call program code stored in the memory 402 for performing the following operations:

The processor 401 is configured to allocate a virtual physical channel to each physical channel of the narrowband system, where the virtual physical channel is: only a certain fixed packet length, a fixed modulation mode, and a certain fixed The virtual physical channel of the transmission rate,

The wireless transceiver 403 is configured to broadcast a virtual physical channel to each user channel by using a broadcast message to enable the user equipment to autonomously decide a physical channel, and send the data packet according to the virtual physical channel allocated by the one physical channel.

For the technical effect of the foregoing base station 40, reference may be made to the description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 in the present application, and details are not described herein again.

Optionally, the processor 401 and the wireless transceiver 403 perform the method of FIG.

It should be noted that, in the communication system, by way of example, in the case of a virtual machine, the base station 40 may be a device such as a server or a computer.

It should be noted that the processor 401 herein may be a processing component or a collective name of multiple processing components. For example, the processing element may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or may be specific An Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application, such as one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or Multiple Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs).

The memory 403 may be a storage device or a collective name of a plurality of storage elements, and is used to store executable program code or parameters, data, and the like required for the application running device to operate. And the memory 403 may include random access memory (RAM), and may also include non-volatile memory such as a magnetic disk memory, a flash memory, or the like.

The bus 404 may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in Figure 4, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

The base station 40 may also include input and output means coupled to the bus 404 for connection to other portions, such as the processor 401, via the bus. The input/output device can provide an input interface for the operator, so that the operator can select the control item through the input interface, and can also be other interfaces through which other devices can be externally connected.

It should be noted that, for the foregoing various method embodiments, for the sake of brevity, they are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the described action sequence. Because some steps may be performed in other orders or concurrently in accordance with the present application. In the following, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present application.

In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the various embodiments are different, and the parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the related descriptions of other embodiments.

A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the various steps of the foregoing embodiments may be performed by a program to instruct related hardware. The program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the storage medium may include: Flash disk, read-only memory (English: Read-Only Memory, referred to as: ROM), random accessor (English: Random Access Memory, referred to as: RAM), disk or optical disk.

The content downloading method and the related device and system provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail. The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described in the specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the present application. The method of application and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood. To limit the application.

Claims (14)

An adaptive configuration adjustment method for an air interface resource of a narrowband system, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: The base station will allocate a virtual physical channel for each physical channel of the narrowband system, the virtual physical channel being: only transmitting a certain fixed packet length, using a fixed modulation mode, using a fixed transmission code rate, and a virtual physical channel using a fixed channel coding scheme; The base station broadcasts a virtual physical channel to each user channel by using a broadcast message to enable the user equipment to autonomously decide a physical channel, and send the data packet according to the virtual physical channel allocated by the one physical channel. The method according to claim 1, wherein the base station allocates a virtual physical channel specificity for each physical channel of the narrowband system, including: Establishing a mapping relationship between each physical channel and the allocated virtual physical channel, periodically detecting a load of the allocated virtual physical channel, and periodically updating the mapping relationship according to the load. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting, by the base station, the virtual physical channel to each user channel by broadcasting the broadcast message to the user equipment comprises: The base station allocates a virtual physical channel to each user channel by broadcasting the physical channel to the user equipment in a complete manner. The complete manner specifically includes: the base station enumerates the virtual physical channels allocated by all the physical channels in the broadcast message. The method according to claim 3, wherein the enumerating the virtual physical channels allocated by all the physical channels in the broadcast message by the method base station specifically includes: The base station carries an index of the virtual physical channel allocated by all the physical channels in the broadcast message; Or if the index of the virtual physical channel of the other physical channel is the same as the index of the virtual physical channel of the one physical channel, the base station omits the index of the virtual physical channel of the another physical channel in the broadcast message, and And adding, in the broadcast message, an identifier of a virtual physical channel of the another physical channel and an index of a virtual physical channel of the one physical channel. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting, by the base station, the virtual physical channel to each user channel by broadcasting the broadcast message to the user equipment comprises: The base station broadcasts a virtual physical channel to each user channel by using a coarse-grained manner. The coarse-grained manner is specifically: the base station divides the sub-channel into multiple groups, and each group allocates one virtual physical channel, and each group is allocated. A virtual physical channel is listed in the broadcast message. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting, by the base station, the virtual physical channel to each user channel by broadcasting the broadcast message to the user equipment comprises: The base station broadcasts a virtual physical channel to each of the physical channels by the base station in a fine-grained manner. The fine-grained manner is specifically: the base station indicates the virtual physical channel used by using a bitmap, and allocates the number of subchannels in the order of subchannels for each used virtual physical channel. The method according to claim 1, wherein the base station receives a data packet sent by the user equipment, and if the data packet includes an indication that the virtual channel in the downlink direction is not changed, the base station does not change the virtual direction in the downlink direction. Physical channel. A base station, the base station includes: An allocating unit for allocating a virtual physical channel for each physical channel of the narrowband system, the virtual physics The channel is: only a fixed packet length, a fixed modulation scheme, a fixed transmission rate, and a virtual physical channel using a fixed channel coding scheme. And a broadcast unit, configured to broadcast a virtual physical channel to each user channel by using a broadcast message, so that the user equipment autonomously decides one physical channel, and sends the data packet according to the virtual physical channel allocated by the one physical channel. The base station according to claim 8, wherein the allocating unit is configured to establish a mapping relationship between each physical channel and the allocated virtual physical channel, and periodically detect the load of the allocated virtual physical channel. Updating the mapping relationship periodically according to the load. The base station according to claim 8, wherein the broadcast unit is specifically configured to allocate a virtual physical channel to each user channel by broadcasting the physical channel to the user equipment in a complete manner, where the complete manner specifically includes: the base station is in the broadcast message. The virtual physical channel allocated by all the physical channels is enumerated. The base station according to claim 10, wherein the broadcast unit is specifically configured to carry an index of a virtual physical channel allocated by all physical channels in the broadcast message; or a virtual physical channel of another physical channel The index is the same as the index of the virtual physical channel of the one physical channel, the base station omits an index of the virtual physical channel of the another physical channel in the broadcast message, and adds the another physical to the broadcast message. The index of the virtual physical channel of the channel is the same as the index of the virtual physical channel of the one physical channel. The base station according to claim 8, wherein the broadcast unit is specifically configured to allocate a virtual physical channel to each user channel by using a coarse-grained manner, where the coarse-grained manner is specifically Divided into multiple groups, each group is assigned a virtual physical channel, and one virtual physical channel allocated by each group is listed in the broadcast message. The base station according to claim 8, wherein the broadcast unit is specifically configured to allocate a virtual physical channel to each user channel by broadcasting to the user equipment in a fine-grained manner. The fine-grained manner is specifically: the base station indicates the virtual physical channel used by using a bitmap, and allocates the number of subchannels in the order of subchannels for each used virtual physical channel. The base station according to claim 8, wherein the base station further comprises: a receiving unit, configured to receive a data packet sent by the user equipment; The processing unit is configured to not change the virtual physical channel in the downlink direction when the data packet includes an indication that the virtual channel in the downlink direction is not changed.

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