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WO2018067001A2 - Solid removal oil recovery system (srors), with filtration modules connected in parallel, for treatment of palm oil mill and related refinary raw sludge and a process using said srors - Google Patents

Solid removal oil recovery system (srors), with filtration modules connected in parallel, for treatment of palm oil mill and related refinary raw sludge and a process using said srors Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018067001A2
WO2018067001A2 PCT/MY2017/050062 MY2017050062W WO2018067001A2 WO 2018067001 A2 WO2018067001 A2 WO 2018067001A2 MY 2017050062 W MY2017050062 W MY 2017050062W WO 2018067001 A2 WO2018067001 A2 WO 2018067001A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filtration
tank
slurry
concentration
filtration module
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MY2017/050062
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2018067001A3 (en
Inventor
Shun Bin @ Andrew Shun Bin LIEW
Seh Hian GOH
Original Assignee
Liew Shun Bin @ Andrew Shun Bin
Goh Seh Hian
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Liew Shun Bin @ Andrew Shun Bin, Goh Seh Hian filed Critical Liew Shun Bin @ Andrew Shun Bin
Publication of WO2018067001A2 publication Critical patent/WO2018067001A2/en
Publication of WO2018067001A3 publication Critical patent/WO2018067001A3/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/16—Refining fats or fatty oils by mechanical means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Definitions

  • a Solid Removal Oil Recovery System is forwarded by the present invention wherein the majority of the oil loss in palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge is recoverable through treatment by a filtration assembly with said filtration assembly comprises more than one concentration tank and more than one filtration module. In this way any of the concentration tanks and any of the filtration modules can be disconnected from the system for service and repair without disruption to the process.
  • the SRORS will produce two main products which are slurry and filtrate. Typically the slurry consists of 1.5 to 4 percent oil, 6 to 8 percent solid and the remaining water with the exact values of the components vary from a mill to another and even over time for the same mill.
  • the filtrate is clear brownish in colour with BOD about 25 to 35 percent of original input BOD and typically consists of water with dissolved solids and negligible amount of suspended solids and oil.
  • the emulsified oil in the palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge after treatment by the filtration assembly become part of the slurry and is channeled to the decanter system where the oil can be recovered and the solids can be removed.
  • the filtrate from the SRORS can be discharged to existing effluent pond or tank where it can easily be treated to below 20 ppm and subsequently safely discharged into the waterways.
  • a Solid Removal Oil Recovery System, SRORS, for treatment of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge is presented wherein said SRORS comprises of at least a holding tank, a plurality of concentration tanks, a plurality of filtration modules connected in parallel, at least a slurry tank and a decanter system and with said holding tank, said concentration tanks, said filtration modules, said slurry tank and said decanter system suitably arranged and connected.
  • the filtration module for continuous cross flow filtration of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge or slurry, comprises at least a filtration unit, a feed pump to feed said raw sludge to said filtration unit and a circulation pump to circulate said sludge (initially) and slurry through said filtration unit and a discharge ducting to discharge the filtrate, after filtration, from said filtration module
  • the palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge is discharged and stored in the holding tank with said raw sludge transferred to the plurality of concentration tanks in batches.
  • the plurality of concentration tanks is consecutively connected to the plurality of filtration modules and with raw sludge consecutively fed from said plurality of concentration tanks to said plurality of filtration modules for treatment with filtrate and a more concentrated slurry the main products of said treatment.
  • the slurry is continuous circulated through the filtration unit by the circulation pump and between said filtration unit and a concentration tank due to hydraulic pressure built up.
  • the filtrate is drained out while the slurry, after it has reached a pre-determined concentration, is transferred from the concentration tank to the slurry tank and subsequently to the decanter system and with said concentration tank subsequently recharged with raw sludge from the holding tank.
  • the filtration of raw sludge/slurry by the plurality of filtration modules is a substantially continuous process while feed of raw sludge from the holding tank to the plurality of concentration tanks and discharge of concentrated slurry from said plurality of concentration tanks to the slurry tank are carried out in batches.
  • An embodiment comprising two concentration tanks and two filtration modules connected in parallel is presented with said concentration tanks consecutively connected to the filtration modules and a process to treat palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge using said embodiment is forwarded.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the Solid Removal Oil Recovery System (SRORS).
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the SRORS with two holding tanks and two filtration modules and with said filtration modules arranged and connected in parallel.
  • SRORS Solid Removal Oil Recovery System
  • Fig. 2A a shows a schematic diagram of filtration module A.
  • Fig. 2B a shows a schematic diagram of filtration module B.
  • Fig. 2C shows a schematic diagram of filtration module A and filtration module B connected to concentration tank A
  • Fig. 2D shows a schematic diagram of filtration module A and filtration module B connected to concentration tank B
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a filtration module.
  • Fig. 3A shows a schematic diagram of a filtration unit.
  • Fig. 3B shows section 'X - X' of Fig. 3A.
  • Fig. 3C shows a filtration membrane unit.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a three phase decanter system.
  • Fig. 4A shows a schematic diagram of a two phase decanter system.
  • a Solid Removal Oil Recovery System (SRORS is designated as the short form for Solid Removal Oil Recovery System and is used throughout for its description) for treatment of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge
  • said SRORS (2) comprises of at least a holding tank (10), a plurality of concentration tanks, a plurality of filtration modules connected in parallel, at least a slurry tank (11) and a decanter system (13) and with said holding tank (10), said concentration tanks, said filtration modules, said slurry tank (11) and said decanter system (13) suitably arranged and connected as shown in Fig. 1 and as shall be illustrated later in an embodiment.
  • the mill existing sludge pit can also act as and serve the same purpose as the holding tank (10).
  • a filtration module (21), as shown in Fig. 3, for treatment, specifically continuous cross flow filtration, of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge or slurry with said filtration module (21) comprises at least a filtration unit (24), a feed pump (22), a circulation pump (23) and a discharge ducting (26) to discharge the filtrate, after filtration, from said filtration module (21).
  • a filtration unit (24) comprises a plurality of filtration membrane units (23), a casing (32) enclosing said filtration membrane units (23) with a chamber (33) formed between the external surfaces of said filtration membrane units (23) and the internal wall of said casing (32) as shown in Fig. 3A and Fig. 3B.
  • Each filtration membrane unit (23), as shown in Fig. 3C, comprises a filter wall (31), a passageway (28), an input end (29) and an output end (30) and in the preferred embodiment said filter wall (31) is made of porous ceramic and said filter filtration membrane unit (23) comprises an unobstructed cross- section, preferably of uniform cross-section.
  • the cross-section can be either annular, square or hexagonal cross-section but is not restricted to such.
  • the feed pump (22) feeds raw sludge or slurry from the concentration tank (27) to the filtration unit (24) and the circulation pump (23) circulates the raw sludge or slurry fed in for repeat filtration by the filtration unit (24) till said slurry has reached a predetermined concentration level.
  • the palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge is discharged and stored in the holding tank (10) with said raw sludge to be transferred to the plurality of concentration tanks in batches.
  • One of the plurality of concentration tanks is connected to the plurality of filtration modules at any time.
  • Initially raw sludge is discharged from a concentration tank to the plurality of filtration modules for treatment, specifically continuous cross flow filtration and with the main products of said treatment being filtrate and more concentrated slurry with reducing volume.
  • the slurry is repeatedly and continuously circulated through the filtration unit (24) and to the concentration tank and with the filtrate continuously drained out while the slurry becomes increasingly more concentrated.
  • the present concentration tank is disconnected from the plurality of filtration modules and in its place another concentration tank from the plurality of concentration tanks is connected to said plurality of filtration modules and fresh sludge is discharged from it to said plurality of filtration modules for continuous treatment of sludge/slurry.
  • the slurry at a predetermined concentration in the disconnected concentration tank is discharged to the slurry tank (11) after which said concentration tank is replenish with fresh sludge from the holding tank (10).
  • the sludge in the slurry tank (11) is subsequently discharged to the decanter system (13) for solid removal and oil recovery.
  • the decanter system (13) can either be a three phase decanter system (13A) or atwo phase decanter system (13B).
  • the filtration of raw sludge/slurry by the plurality of filtration modules is a substantially continuous process with raw sludge feed consecutively from one of the plurality of concentration tanks. Feed of raw sludge from the holding tank (10) to the plurality of concentration tanks and discharge of slurry at a pre-determined concentration from said plurality of concentration tanks to the slurry tank (13) are carried out in batches.
  • the primarily products of treatment in a three phase decanter system (13 A), as shown in Fig. 4, are decanter cake, decanter heavy phase and decanter light phase.
  • the decanter cake which is basically solid, is removed and can be used for composting, for field application or similar or as animal feed.
  • the decanter heavy phase consists slight content of oil and is channeled back to the holding tank (10) or a concentration tank to maximize extraction of oil from the palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge.
  • the decanter light phase has a higher content of oil and is transferred to the oil recovery apparatus for oil recovery.
  • the oil recovery apparatus can be a clarifying tank (40), a disc stack centrifuge (41) which is typically an oil purifier or a sludge/oil separator or any similar apparatus serving the same purpose.
  • the oil recovery apparatus is a clarifier tank (40)
  • the decanter light phase settles and separate into a layer of oil at the top, a layer of underflow at the bottom.
  • the layer of oil at the top is the recovered oil from palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge and is transferred to separate or common crude palm oil tank.
  • the layer of underflow in the clarifier tank (40) has residual oil content and is transferred back to the holding tank (10) for repeat treatment through the system.
  • the oil recovery apparatus is a disc stack centrifuge (41) oil in the decanter light phase is separated out by centrifugal action of the equipment.
  • the decanter cake which is basically solid, is removed by the two phase decanter and can be used for composting, for field application or similar or as animal feed.
  • the oil/sludge separator (42) recovers the oil.
  • the separator heavy phase consists slight content of oil and is channeled back to the holding tank (10) or a concentration tank for repeat treatment to maximize extraction of oil from the palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge.
  • said SRORS (2) comprises a holding tank (10), two concentration tanks, two filtration modules with said filtration modules arranged in parallel, a slurry tank (11) and a decanter system (13).
  • the concentration tanks are concentration tank A (14) and concentration tank B (15).
  • the filtration modules are filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) with each filtration module comprises a filtration unit, a feed pump, a circulation pump and a discharge ducting for discharge of filtrate.
  • Filtration module A comprises filtration unit A (24a), feed pump A (22a) to feed said filtration unit A (24a) with raw sludge from a concentration tank and circulation pump A (23a) to circulate slurry for continuous filtration by said filtration unit A (21a).
  • Filtration module B comprises filtration unit B (24b), feed pump B (22b) to feed said filtration unit B (24b) with raw sludge from a concentration tank and circulation pump B (23b) to circulate slurry for continuous filtration by said filtration unit B (24b).
  • the holding tank (10) is able to discharge fresh sludge to concentration tank A (14) and concentration tank B (15) and with said concentration tank A (14) able to discharge said fresh sludge to filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) for continuous filtration and likewise said concentration tank B (15) able to discharge said fresh sludge to filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) for continuous filtration.
  • the main products of continuous filtration of the original raw sludge by a filtration unit of a filtration module are filtrate and slurry with said slurry becoming increasingly more concentrated with each filtration cycle due to continuous discharge of said filtrate.
  • the resulting slurry is circulated within filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) and between concentration tank A (14).
  • concentration tank A (14) is disconnected from filtration module A (21 a) and filtration module B (21b) and in its place concentration tank B (15) is connected to said filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b).
  • Raw sludge from concentration tank B (15) is now discharged to filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) for continuous filtration and with the resulting slurry circulated through said concentration tank B (15).
  • Slurry at a pre-determined concentrated in concentration tank A (14) is discharged to the slurry tank (11) and from there to the decanter system (13).
  • concentration tank A (14) After concentrated slurry in concentration tank A (14) is completely discharged to the slurry tank (11) said concentration tank A (14) is recharged with a new batch of raw sludge from the holding tank (10) for the next cycle with said concentration tank A (14) to replace concentration tank B (15), when the slurry in said concentration tank B has reached a predetermined concentration, and reconnected with filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b).
  • the process for treatment of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge by the SRORS (2) of the proposed embodiment, with both concentration tank A (14) and concentration tank B (15) initially filled with said raw sludge from the holding tank (10), comprises the following steps :- i. Discharge raw sludge to be treated from concentration tank A (14) to filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b), as shown in Fig.
  • concentration tank B Simultaneous to 'step iii' and after concentration tank A (14) has been disconnected from filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) connect concentration tank B (15) to said filtration module A (21a) and said filtration module B (21b), discharge raw sludge from said concentration tank B (15) to said filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) via feed pump A (22a) and feed pump B (22b) respectively, as shown in Fig.
  • the palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge that is fed into holding tank (10) includes one or more of decanter heavy phase, sterilizer condensate, EFB liquor or the like.
  • the palm oil mill and related raw sludge may be sludge from a sludge pit, recycled decanter heavy phase from the centrifugal decanter, sterilizer condensate from sterilizer, EFB liquor, waste water from mill cleaning de-oiling tanks or any source which are deemed to be suitable to serve this oil recovery purpose.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract

A Solid Removal Oil Recovery System SRORS (2) for treatment of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge wherein said SRORS (2) comprises of at least a holding tank (10), a plurality of concentration tanks, a plurality of filtration modules connected in parallel, at least a slurry tank (11) and a decanter system (13) and with said holding tank (10), said concentration tanks, said filtration modules, said slurry tank (11) and said decanter system (13) suitably arranged and connected. The palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge is discharged and stored in the holding tank (10) with said raw sludge subsequently transferred to the plurality of concentration tanks and from any one of said plurality of concentration tanks said raw sludge is transferred to the plurality of filtration modules for treatment, specifically cross flow filtration and with the main products of said treatment being filtrate and more concentrated slurry. The filtrate is drained out and discharged while the slurry, after it has reached a pre-determined concentration, is transferred to the original concentration tank and to the slurry tank (11) and subsequent to the decanter system (13) for oil recovery and suspended solid removal. The treatment of raw sludge by the filtration modules of SRORS (2) is a substantially continuous process though feed of raw sludge from the holding tank (10) to the concentration tanks and discharge of concentrated slurry to the slurry tank (13) are carried out in batches.

Description

SOLID REMOVAL OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM (SRORS), WITH FILTRATION MODULES CONNECTED IN PARALLEL, FOR TREATMENT OF PALM OIL MILL AND RELATED REFINARY RAW SLUDGE AND A PROCESS USING
SAID SRORS
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
In a palm mill, certain percentage of oil is lost in mesocarp fibre, empty fruit bunches, decanter cake and palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge. This is acceptable as the existing technology presently available and practices adopted in the mill are not able to recover the lost oil. In palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge the oil loss is in the region of 0.46 to 1.0 percent with said oil in fine droplets or in the emulsion state. Presently any amount below 1.0 percent is acceptable and considered as unrecoverable oil loss.
A Solid Removal Oil Recovery System (SRORS) is forwarded by the present invention wherein the majority of the oil loss in palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge is recoverable through treatment by a filtration assembly with said filtration assembly comprises more than one concentration tank and more than one filtration module. In this way any of the concentration tanks and any of the filtration modules can be disconnected from the system for service and repair without disruption to the process. The SRORS will produce two main products which are slurry and filtrate. Typically the slurry consists of 1.5 to 4 percent oil, 6 to 8 percent solid and the remaining water with the exact values of the components vary from a mill to another and even over time for the same mill. The filtrate is clear brownish in colour with BOD about 25 to 35 percent of original input BOD and typically consists of water with dissolved solids and negligible amount of suspended solids and oil.
The emulsified oil in the palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge after treatment by the filtration assembly become part of the slurry and is channeled to the decanter system where the oil can be recovered and the solids can be removed. The filtrate from the SRORS can be discharged to existing effluent pond or tank where it can easily be treated to below 20 ppm and subsequently safely discharged into the waterways. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A Solid Removal Oil Recovery System, SRORS, for treatment of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge is presented wherein said SRORS comprises of at least a holding tank, a plurality of concentration tanks, a plurality of filtration modules connected in parallel, at least a slurry tank and a decanter system and with said holding tank, said concentration tanks, said filtration modules, said slurry tank and said decanter system suitably arranged and connected. The filtration module, for continuous cross flow filtration of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge or slurry, comprises at least a filtration unit, a feed pump to feed said raw sludge to said filtration unit and a circulation pump to circulate said sludge (initially) and slurry through said filtration unit and a discharge ducting to discharge the filtrate, after filtration, from said filtration module
The palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge is discharged and stored in the holding tank with said raw sludge transferred to the plurality of concentration tanks in batches. The plurality of concentration tanks is consecutively connected to the plurality of filtration modules and with raw sludge consecutively fed from said plurality of concentration tanks to said plurality of filtration modules for treatment with filtrate and a more concentrated slurry the main products of said treatment. The slurry is continuous circulated through the filtration unit by the circulation pump and between said filtration unit and a concentration tank due to hydraulic pressure built up. The filtrate is drained out while the slurry, after it has reached a pre-determined concentration, is transferred from the concentration tank to the slurry tank and subsequently to the decanter system and with said concentration tank subsequently recharged with raw sludge from the holding tank. The filtration of raw sludge/slurry by the plurality of filtration modules is a substantially continuous process while feed of raw sludge from the holding tank to the plurality of concentration tanks and discharge of concentrated slurry from said plurality of concentration tanks to the slurry tank are carried out in batches. An embodiment comprising two concentration tanks and two filtration modules connected in parallel is presented with said concentration tanks consecutively connected to the filtration modules and a process to treat palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge using said embodiment is forwarded. It should be noted that for the sake of clarity all the components and parts of the system for suspended solids removal from and treatment of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge may not be shown and marked in the drawings. Additionally the terms as used in this description refer to the items as orientated in the drawings and they may in any various orientations when in use and as such the orientations as illustrated in the drawings are not necessary for operability.
The foregoing description is considered as illustration of the principles of the invention. Furthermore, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the Solid Removal Oil Recovery System (SRORS). Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the SRORS with two holding tanks and two filtration modules and with said filtration modules arranged and connected in parallel.
Fig. 2A a shows a schematic diagram of filtration module A.
Fig. 2B a shows a schematic diagram of filtration module B.
Fig. 2C shows a schematic diagram of filtration module A and filtration module B connected to concentration tank A
Fig. 2D shows a schematic diagram of filtration module A and filtration module B connected to concentration tank B
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a filtration module.
Fig. 3A shows a schematic diagram of a filtration unit.
Fig. 3B shows section 'X - X' of Fig. 3A.
Fig. 3C shows a filtration membrane unit.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a three phase decanter system.
Fig. 4A shows a schematic diagram of a two phase decanter system.
DETAIL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A Solid Removal Oil Recovery System (SRORS is designated as the short form for Solid Removal Oil Recovery System and is used throughout for its description) for treatment of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge wherein said SRORS (2) comprises of at least a holding tank (10), a plurality of concentration tanks, a plurality of filtration modules connected in parallel, at least a slurry tank (11) and a decanter system (13) and with said holding tank (10), said concentration tanks, said filtration modules, said slurry tank (11) and said decanter system (13) suitably arranged and connected as shown in Fig. 1 and as shall be illustrated later in an embodiment. It should be noted that the mill existing sludge pit can also act as and serve the same purpose as the holding tank (10).
A filtration module (21), as shown in Fig. 3, for treatment, specifically continuous cross flow filtration, of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge or slurry with said filtration module (21) comprises at least a filtration unit (24), a feed pump (22), a circulation pump (23) and a discharge ducting (26) to discharge the filtrate, after filtration, from said filtration module (21). A filtration unit (24) comprises a plurality of filtration membrane units (23), a casing (32) enclosing said filtration membrane units (23) with a chamber (33) formed between the external surfaces of said filtration membrane units (23) and the internal wall of said casing (32) as shown in Fig. 3A and Fig. 3B. Each filtration membrane unit (23), as shown in Fig. 3C, comprises a filter wall (31), a passageway (28), an input end (29) and an output end (30) and in the preferred embodiment said filter wall (31) is made of porous ceramic and said filter filtration membrane unit (23) comprises an unobstructed cross- section, preferably of uniform cross-section. The cross-section can be either annular, square or hexagonal cross-section but is not restricted to such. The feed pump (22) feeds raw sludge or slurry from the concentration tank (27) to the filtration unit (24) and the circulation pump (23) circulates the raw sludge or slurry fed in for repeat filtration by the filtration unit (24) till said slurry has reached a predetermined concentration level.
The palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge is discharged and stored in the holding tank (10) with said raw sludge to be transferred to the plurality of concentration tanks in batches. One of the plurality of concentration tanks is connected to the plurality of filtration modules at any time. Initially raw sludge is discharged from a concentration tank to the plurality of filtration modules for treatment, specifically continuous cross flow filtration and with the main products of said treatment being filtrate and more concentrated slurry with reducing volume. During the treatment the slurry is repeatedly and continuously circulated through the filtration unit (24) and to the concentration tank and with the filtrate continuously drained out while the slurry becomes increasingly more concentrated. When the slurry has reached a pre-determined concentration the present concentration tank is disconnected from the plurality of filtration modules and in its place another concentration tank from the plurality of concentration tanks is connected to said plurality of filtration modules and fresh sludge is discharged from it to said plurality of filtration modules for continuous treatment of sludge/slurry. The slurry at a predetermined concentration in the disconnected concentration tank is discharged to the slurry tank (11) after which said concentration tank is replenish with fresh sludge from the holding tank (10). The sludge in the slurry tank (11) is subsequently discharged to the decanter system (13) for solid removal and oil recovery. The decanter system (13) can either be a three phase decanter system (13A) or atwo phase decanter system (13B).
The filtration of raw sludge/slurry by the plurality of filtration modules is a substantially continuous process with raw sludge feed consecutively from one of the plurality of concentration tanks. Feed of raw sludge from the holding tank (10) to the plurality of concentration tanks and discharge of slurry at a pre-determined concentration from said plurality of concentration tanks to the slurry tank (13) are carried out in batches.
The primarily products of treatment in a three phase decanter system (13 A), as shown in Fig. 4, are decanter cake, decanter heavy phase and decanter light phase. The decanter cake which is basically solid, is removed and can be used for composting, for field application or similar or as animal feed. The decanter heavy phase consists slight content of oil and is channeled back to the holding tank (10) or a concentration tank to maximize extraction of oil from the palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge. The decanter light phase has a higher content of oil and is transferred to the oil recovery apparatus for oil recovery. By way of example but not limit to such, the oil recovery apparatus can be a clarifying tank (40), a disc stack centrifuge (41) which is typically an oil purifier or a sludge/oil separator or any similar apparatus serving the same purpose. When the oil recovery apparatus is a clarifier tank (40), the decanter light phase settles and separate into a layer of oil at the top, a layer of underflow at the bottom. The layer of oil at the top is the recovered oil from palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge and is transferred to separate or common crude palm oil tank. The layer of underflow in the clarifier tank (40) has residual oil content and is transferred back to the holding tank (10) for repeat treatment through the system. When the oil recovery apparatus is a disc stack centrifuge (41) oil in the decanter light phase is separated out by centrifugal action of the equipment.
The primarily products of treatment in a two phase decanter and oil or sludge separator system (13B), as indicated in Fig. 4A, but may be arranged in a different order, are oil, decanter cake and separator heavy phase. The decanter cake which is basically solid, is removed by the two phase decanter and can be used for composting, for field application or similar or as animal feed. The oil/sludge separator (42) recovers the oil. The separator heavy phase consists slight content of oil and is channeled back to the holding tank (10) or a concentration tank for repeat treatment to maximize extraction of oil from the palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge.
In an embodiment of the SRORS (2), as shown in Fig. 2, said SRORS (2) comprises a holding tank (10), two concentration tanks, two filtration modules with said filtration modules arranged in parallel, a slurry tank (11) and a decanter system (13). The concentration tanks are concentration tank A (14) and concentration tank B (15). The filtration modules are filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) with each filtration module comprises a filtration unit, a feed pump, a circulation pump and a discharge ducting for discharge of filtrate. Filtration module A (21a) comprises filtration unit A (24a), feed pump A (22a) to feed said filtration unit A (24a) with raw sludge from a concentration tank and circulation pump A (23a) to circulate slurry for continuous filtration by said filtration unit A (21a). Filtration module B (21b) comprises filtration unit B (24b), feed pump B (22b) to feed said filtration unit B (24b) with raw sludge from a concentration tank and circulation pump B (23b) to circulate slurry for continuous filtration by said filtration unit B (24b).
The holding tank (10) is able to discharge fresh sludge to concentration tank A (14) and concentration tank B (15) and with said concentration tank A (14) able to discharge said fresh sludge to filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) for continuous filtration and likewise said concentration tank B (15) able to discharge said fresh sludge to filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) for continuous filtration.
The main products of continuous filtration of the original raw sludge by a filtration unit of a filtration module are filtrate and slurry with said slurry becoming increasingly more concentrated with each filtration cycle due to continuous discharge of said filtrate. Throughout the continuous filtration process the resulting slurry is circulated within filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) and between concentration tank A (14). When a pre-determined concentration of the slurry is reached, concentration tank A (14) is disconnected from filtration module A (21 a) and filtration module B (21b) and in its place concentration tank B (15) is connected to said filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b). Raw sludge from concentration tank B (15) is now discharged to filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) for continuous filtration and with the resulting slurry circulated through said concentration tank B (15). Slurry at a pre-determined concentrated in concentration tank A (14) is discharged to the slurry tank (11) and from there to the decanter system (13). After concentrated slurry in concentration tank A (14) is completely discharged to the slurry tank (11) said concentration tank A (14) is recharged with a new batch of raw sludge from the holding tank (10) for the next cycle with said concentration tank A (14) to replace concentration tank B (15), when the slurry in said concentration tank B has reached a predetermined concentration, and reconnected with filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b).
The process for treatment of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge by the SRORS (2) of the proposed embodiment, with both concentration tank A (14) and concentration tank B (15) initially filled with said raw sludge from the holding tank (10), comprises the following steps :- i. Discharge raw sludge to be treated from concentration tank A (14) to filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b), as shown in Fig.
2C, via feed pump A (22a) and feed pump B (22b) respectively. ii. Conduct continuous filtration process of sludge/slurry in filtration module A (21a) and in filtration module B (21b) aided by circulation pump A (23 a) and circulation pump B (23b) respectively and simultaneously circulate treated slurry between said filtration module A (21a), filtration module B (21b) and concentration tank A (14) via hydraulic pressure within filtration unit A (24a) and filtration unit B (24b).
Disconnect filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) from concentration tank A (14) when slurry has reached a pre-determined concentration level and subsequently discharge concentrated slurry from said concentration tank A (14) to slurry tank (11) and subsequently to decanter system (13) and recharge said concentration tank A (14) with raw sludge from holding tank (10) after concentrated slurry from said concentration tank A (14) has been discharged to slurry tank (11).
Simultaneous to 'step iii' and after concentration tank A (14) has been disconnected from filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) connect concentration tank B (15) to said filtration module A (21a) and said filtration module B (21b), discharge raw sludge from said concentration tank B (15) to said filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) via feed pump A (22a) and feed pump B (22b) respectively, as shown in Fig. 2D, and continue filtration process in said filtration module A (21a) and said filtration module B (21b) aided by circulation pump A (23a) and circulation pump B (23b) and simultaneously circulate treated slurry between said filtration module A (21a), filtration module B (21b) and concentration tank B (15) via hydraulic pressure within filtration unit A (24a) and filtration unit B (24b).
Disconnect filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) from concentration tank B (15) when slurry has reached a pre-determined concentration level and subsequently discharge concentrated slurry from said concentration tank B (15) to slurry tank (11) and subsequently to decanter system (13) and recharge said concentration tank B (15) with raw sludge from holding tank (10) after concentrated slurry from said concentration tank B (15) has been discharged to slurry tank (11).
Revert to 'step i' and repeat the steps (i) to (v) after filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) have been disconnected from concentration tank B (15) and reconnected with concentration tank A (14). It should be noted that the palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge that is fed into holding tank (10) includes one or more of decanter heavy phase, sterilizer condensate, EFB liquor or the like. By way of example but not limitation, the palm oil mill and related raw sludge may be sludge from a sludge pit, recycled decanter heavy phase from the centrifugal decanter, sterilizer condensate from sterilizer, EFB liquor, waste water from mill cleaning de-oiling tanks or any source which are deemed to be suitable to serve this oil recovery purpose.
It should be noted that for the sake of clarity all the components and parts of the SRORS (2) for oil recovery from and treatment of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge may not be shown and marked in the drawings. Additionally the terms as used in this description refer to the items as orientated in the drawings and they may in any various orientations when in use and as such the orientations as illustrated in the drawings are not necessary for operability.
The foregoing description is considered as illustration of the principles of the invention. Furthermore, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A Solid Removal Oil Recovery System (SRORS) (2) for treatment of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge wherein said SRORS (2) comprises :- at least a holding tank (10) for receiving and storing palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge ;
a plurality of concentration tanks into which raw sludge from said holding tank (10) is discharged in batches;
a plurality of filtration modules, connected in parallel, for treatment specifically continuous cross flow filtration of raw sludge/slurry with filtrate and more concentrated slurry the main products of said treatment;
said plurality of concentration tanks connectable to said filtration modules and with raw sludge discharged singly from said plurality of concentration tanks to said plurality of filtration modules for treatment and with the resulting more concentrated slurry circulated back to the connected concentration tank;
at least a slurry tank (11) to receive and to store the more concentrated slurry from the concentration tanks;
a decanter system (13) for solid removal and oil recovery from said slurry from said slurry tank (11);
and
said treatment of raw sludge/slurry by said plurality of filtration modules being a substantially continuous process while feed of raw sludge from said holding tank (10) to said plurality of concentration tanks and discharge of more concentrated slurry from said plurality of concentration tanks to the slurry tank (13) are carried out in batches.
2. The SRORS (2) as in claim 1 wherein said SRORS (2) comprises two concentration tanks ie. concentration tank A (14) and concentration tank B (15), two filtration modules ie. filtration module A (21a) that comprises filtration unit A (24a), feed pump A (22a) to feed said filtration unit A (24a) with raw sludge from a concentration tank and circulation pump A (23 a) to circulate slurry for continuous filtration by said filtration unit A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) that comprises filtration unit B (24b), feed pump B (22b) to feed said filtration unit B (24b) with raw sludge from a concentration tank and circulation pump B (23b) to circulate slurry for continuous filtration by said filtration unit B (24b) and with said filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) arranged in parallel and with raw sludge being discharged consecutively from said concentration tanks, concentration tank A (14) and concentration tank B (15) to said filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) and with the resulting more concentrated slurry after treatment by said filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) transfer to the connected concentration tank at that instant.
The process for treatment of palm oil mill and related refinery raw sludge by the proposed embodiment of SRORS (2) as in claim 2 and with both concentration tank A (14) and concentration tank B (15) initially filled with said raw sludge from the holding tank (10) with said process comprises the following steps :- i. discharge raw sludge to be treated from concentration tank A (14) to filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) via feed pump A (22a) and feed pump B (22b) respectively;
ii. conduct continuous filtration process of sludge/slurry in filtration module A (21a) and in filtration module B (21b) aided by circulation pump A (23a) and circulation pump B (23b) respectively and simultaneously circulate treated slurry between said filtration module A (21a), filtration module B (21b) and concentration tank A (14) via hydraulic pressure within filtration unit A (24a) and filtration unit B (24b);
iii. disconnect filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) from concentration tank A (14) when slurry has reached a pre-determined concentration level and subsequently discharge concentrated slurry from said concentration tank A (14) to slurry tank (11) and subsequently to decanter system (13) and recharge said concentration tank A (14) with raw sludge from holding tank (10) after concentrated slurry from said concentration tank A (14) has been discharged to slurry tank (11);
iv. simultaneous to 'step iii' and after concentration tank A (14) has been disconnected from filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) connect concentration tank B (15) to said filtration module A (21a) and said filtration module B (21b), discharge raw sludge from said concentration tank B (15) to said filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) via feed pump A (22a) and feed pump B (22b) respectively and continue filtration process in said filtration module A (21a) and said filtration module B (21b) aided by circulation pump A (23a) and circulation pump B (23b) and simultaneously circulate treated slurry between said filtration module A (21a), filtration module B (21b) and concentration tank B (15) via hydraulic pressure within filtration unit A (24a) and filtration unit B (24b);
disconnect filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) from concentration tank B (15) when slurry has reached a pre-determined concentration level and subsequently discharge concentrated slurry from said concentration tank B (15) to slurry tank (11) and subsequently to decanter system (13) and recharge said concentration tank B (15) with raw sludge from holding tank (10) after concentrated slurry from said concentration tank B (15) has been discharged to slurry tank (11);
revert to 'step i' and repeat the steps (i) to (v) after filtration module A (21a) and filtration module B (21b) have been disconnected from concentration tank B (15) and reconnected with concentration tank A (14).
PCT/MY2017/050062 2016-10-06 2017-10-05 Solid removal oil recovery system (srors), with filtration modules connected in parallel, for treatment of palm oil mill and related refinary raw sludge and a process using said srors WO2018067001A2 (en)

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CN112960875A (en) * 2021-02-25 2021-06-15 广西博世科环保科技股份有限公司 Treatment method and treatment system for high-temperature thermochemical cleaning of heavy oil sludge

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MY144226A (en) * 2007-08-01 2011-08-15 Malaysian Palm Oil Board Method for extracting crude palm oil
JP5758096B2 (en) * 2010-09-09 2015-08-05 三菱重工業株式会社 Dehydrator
WO2014051415A1 (en) * 2012-09-25 2014-04-03 Agricode Sdn. Bhd. An oil recovering system from waste effluent
MY156048A (en) * 2013-03-11 2015-12-29 Tay Swee Hong A system for oil recovery and suspended solids removal from and treatment of palm oil mill and related refinary raw sludge and a process using said system
US10279316B2 (en) * 2014-05-08 2019-05-07 Thetis Environmental Inc. Closed loop membrane filtration system and filtration device

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CN112960875A (en) * 2021-02-25 2021-06-15 广西博世科环保科技股份有限公司 Treatment method and treatment system for high-temperature thermochemical cleaning of heavy oil sludge

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