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WO2018041181A1 - Magnetic surface fast wave direction-controllable photodiode with magneto-optic thin film - Google Patents

Magnetic surface fast wave direction-controllable photodiode with magneto-optic thin film Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018041181A1
WO2018041181A1 PCT/CN2017/099818 CN2017099818W WO2018041181A1 WO 2018041181 A1 WO2018041181 A1 WO 2018041181A1 CN 2017099818 W CN2017099818 W CN 2017099818W WO 2018041181 A1 WO2018041181 A1 WO 2018041181A1
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Prior art keywords
magneto
optical
photodiode
thin film
magnetic surface
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PCT/CN2017/099818
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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欧阳征标
郑耀贤
王琼
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深圳大学
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Publication of WO2018041181A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018041181A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/09—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
    • G02F1/093—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect used as non-reciprocal devices, e.g. optical isolators, circulators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/09—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/09—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
    • G02F1/095—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect in an optical waveguide structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/09—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
    • G02F1/095—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect in an optical waveguide structure
    • G02F1/0955—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect in an optical waveguide structure used as non-reciprocal devices, e.g. optical isolators, circulators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magneto-optical material, a magnetic surface wave and a photodiode, in particular to a magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode.
  • Photodiodes and isolators are optics that only allow light to travel in one direction and are used to prevent unwanted light feedback.
  • the main component of conventional photodiodes and isolators is the Faraday rotator, which applies the Faraday effect (magneto-optical effect) as its working principle.
  • the traditional Faraday isolator consists of a polarizer, a Faraday rotator and an analyzer. This device has a complicated structure and is usually used in a free-space optical system.
  • integrated optical devices such as fiber optics or waveguides are non-polarization-maintaining systems that cause loss of polarization angle and are therefore not suitable for use with pull-up isolators.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode with simple and effective structure, high light transmission efficiency, small volume and easy integration.
  • the magneto-optical material thin film waveguide magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode comprises a light input port, a light output port, a magneto-optical film, a background medium and a controllable bias magnetic field; the magneto-optical film is disposed on the background In the medium; the magneto-optical film is magnetic a light material; the photodiode and the isolator are composed of a magneto-optical material and a background medium; the left end of the photodiode and the isolator is an optical input port or a light output port, and the right end thereof is an optical output port or an optical input port;
  • the surface of the magneto-optical material and the background medium is a magnetic surface fast wave; the magneto-optical film is provided with a controllable bias magnetic field.
  • the magnetic surface fast wave photodiode is composed of a magneto-optical film disposed in a background medium.
  • the photodiode is composed of an interface of a magneto-optical material and a background medium to form an optical waveguide for unidirectionally transmitting optical signals.
  • the interface between the magneto-optical film and the background medium is a straight waveguide structure; the straight waveguide is a TE working mode waveguide.
  • the magneto-optical material is magneto-optical glass or various rare earth element-doped garnets and rare earth-transition metal alloy films.
  • the background medium material is a working wave transparent material; the background medium is a common medium material, air, glass.
  • the bias magnetic field is generated by an electromagnet or by a permanent magnet.
  • the current of the electromagnet is a directionally controllable current, and the permanent magnet can rotate.
  • the invention is suitable for large-scale optical path integration and has wide application prospects. Compared with the prior art, it has the following positive effects.
  • the structure is simple and easy to implement.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the right-handed single-directional operation of the magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast-wave direction controllable photodiode.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the left-handed single-conduction operation of the magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast-wave direction controllable photodiode.
  • Fig. 4 is a graph showing a first embodiment of the forward and reverse transmission efficiency of the magneto-optical material thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode as a function of the light wave frequency.
  • Fig. 5 is a graph showing a second embodiment of the forward and reverse transmission efficiency of the magneto-optical material thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode as a function of the light wave frequency.
  • Fig. 6 is a graph showing a third embodiment of the forward and reverse transmission efficiency of the magneto-optical material thin film magnetic surface fast-wave direction controllable photodiode as a function of the light wave frequency.
  • the magneto-optical material thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode of the present invention comprises an optical input port 1, a light output port 2, a magneto-optical film 3, a background medium 4, and a first absorbing layer 5. a second absorbing layer 6 and a controllable bias magnetic field H 0 , the magnetic surface fast wave photodiode is formed by the magneto-optical material film 3 disposed in the background medium 4, and the magneto-optical film 3 is made of a magneto-optical material, that is, a magneto-optical material film.
  • the interface between the magneto-optical material film 3 and the background medium 4 is a region where the light energy is mainly concentrated, and the optical waveguide formed by the interface between the magneto-optical material film 3 and the background medium 4 can unidirectionally transmit optical signals, that is, photodiodes and photodiodes.
  • the isolator consists of a magneto-optical material and a background medium.
  • the magneto-optical material is magneto-optical glass or various rare earth-doped garnets and rare earth-transition metal alloy films;
  • the interface between the magneto-optical material film 3 and the background medium 4 is a straight waveguide structure, and the waveguide of the present invention is a TE working mode. As shown in Fig.
  • the left end of the photodiode and the isolator is the optical input port 1, and the right end is the optical output port 2; as shown in Fig. 1(b), the right end of the photodiode is the optical input port 2,
  • the left end is the light output port 1;
  • the surface of the magneto-optical material film 3 and the background medium 4 is a magnetic surface fast wave;
  • the background medium material is a transparent material of working wave, and a common dielectric material, air or glass can also be used.
  • the magneto-optical material film 3 is provided with a bias magnetic field H 0 , that is, a bias magnetic field ⁇ H 0 (in) or a bias magnetic field ⁇ H 0 (outer), and the bias magnetic field H 0 is generated by an electromagnet whose current direction is controllable or Provided by a rotatable permanent magnet, the direction will determine the conduction direction of the diode, change the conduction direction of the photodiode by controlling the direction of the current, or change by rotating the permanent magnet.
  • the electromagnet current is controlled by the magneto-optical material and the direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper surface.
  • the left end of the photodiode and the isolator is the light input end 1, and the right end is the light output end 2, and the diode will be turned on from the port 1 to the port 2;
  • the direction of the control magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper, the right end of the diode is the light input end 2, the left end is the light output end 1, and the photodiode will be turned on from the port 2 to the port 1.
  • the magnetic surface wave generated by the magneto-optical material-medium interface is a phenomenon similar to the metal surface plasmon (SPP).
  • SPP metal surface plasmon
  • the magneto-optical material Under the action of the biased static magnetic field, the magneto-optical material has a magnetic permeability of tensor, and at the same time, its effective refractive index is negative in a certain optical band.
  • the surface of the magneto-optical material is capable of producing a guided wave and has a property of unidirectional propagation, which is called a surface acoustic wave (Surface Magnetically Polarized Wave, SMP).
  • the magneto-optical material thin film waveguide magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode of the present invention The material film 3 is disposed in the background medium background 4, and the magnetic surface fast wave generated by the magneto-optical material-medium interface is used for unidirectional transmission of light, and the electromagnet with controllable current direction is used to control the conduction direction of the photodiode.
  • the technical scheme of the invention realizes the design of the photodiode and the isolator based on the optical non-reciprocity of the magneto-optical material and the unique conductive surface wave characteristic of the magneto-optical material-medium interface.
  • the basic principles of this technical solution are as follows:
  • the magneto-optical material is a material having magnetic anisotropy, and the magnetic dipole inside the magneto-optical material is arranged in the same direction by the application of a static magnetic field, thereby generating a magnetic dipole moment.
  • the magnetic dipole moment will interact strongly with the optical signal, which in turn produces a non-reciprocal transmission of light.
  • the magnetic permeability tensor of the magneto-optical material is under the action of a bias magnetic field H 0 oriented in the direction perpendicular to the vertical paper:
  • ⁇ 0 is the magnetic permeability in vacuum
  • ⁇ is the gyromagnetic ratio
  • H 0 is the applied magnetic field
  • M s is the saturation magnetization
  • ⁇ is the operating frequency
  • ⁇ is the loss coefficient. If the direction of the biasing magnetic field is changed to the vertical paper facing direction, H 0 and M s will change the sign.
  • the magnetic surface wave generated by the magneto-optical material-medium interface can be solved according to the magnetic permeability tensor of the magneto-optical material and Maxwell's equations. Satisfy surface waves (for TE waves)
  • the electric and magnetic fields present in the surface should have the following form:
  • a biasing magnetic field is added to the magneto-optical material film, and the direction of the electromagnet magnetic field is controlled by the current, and a common dielectric material, air or glass is used as the background material, which will constitute an effective photodiode.
  • YIG yttrium iron garnet
  • the bias magnetic field of the magneto-optical film 3 is 900 Oe
  • the operating frequency f of the device is determined by the dielectric constants ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 and permeability [ ⁇ 1 ], ⁇ 2 of the magneto-optical material and the medium.
  • the magnetic field added by the magneto-optical material is perpendicular to the paper surface.
  • a magnetic surface wave is generated in the unidirectional forward transmission at the magneto-optical material-medium interface, and finally output from the port 2, that is, the direction controllable photodiode
  • the light wave cannot be reversely transmitted inside the device due to the non-reciprocity of the surface acoustic wave, so that the light energy cannot be output from the port 1, and the light energy is all at the port 2 Blocked.
  • the conduction direction of the photodiode is determined by the direction of the applied magnetic field.
  • the direction of the biasing magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper, and the conduction direction of the diode is opposite.
  • the reverse light wave cannot be propagated inside due to the non-reciprocity of the device, port 1 does not have any light output, and the light energy is all blocked at port 2; when light is input from port 2 A magnetic surface wave can be generated inside the device, and then output from the port 2, that is, the left direction of the direction controllable photodiode.
  • the magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode of the device of the invention is arranged in a common dielectric material by using a magneto-optical material, and the size length l and the thickness w of the magneto-optical material film can be flexibly selected according to the actual working wavelength and actual demand. . Changing the size has no major impact on device performance.
  • YIG yttrium iron garnet
  • the electromagnet current is controlled by the electromagnet current to apply the magnetic field direction to the vertical paper facing direction, and the photodiode will be turned on from port 1 to port 2; on the contrary, the direction of the control magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper, and the photodiode will be from port 2 to Terminal 1 is turned on. In both cases, the forward and reverse transmissions have the same efficiency. Referring to FIG.
  • the operating frequency range of the photodiode and the isolator of the straight waveguide structure is 4.52 GHz to 7.26 GHz.
  • the photodiode and the isolator have a maximum forward-reverse transmission isolation of 21.9586 dB and a forward transmission insertion loss of 0.0146 dB.
  • a magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode is formed by a magneto-optical film disposed in a background medium.
  • the electromagnet current is controlled by the electromagnet current to apply the magnetic field direction to the vertical paper facing direction, and the photodiode will be turned on from port 1 to port 2; on the contrary, the direction of the control magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper, and the photodiode will be from port 2 to Port 1 is turned on. In both cases, the forward and reverse transmissions have the same efficiency. Referring to Fig.
  • the operating frequency range of the photodiode and the isolator of the straight waveguide structure is 4.58 GHz to 7.20 GHz.
  • the photodiode and the isolator have a maximum forward-reverse transmission isolation of 25.0863 dB and a forward transmission insertion loss of 0.0146 dB.
  • a magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode is formed by a magneto-optical film disposed in a background medium.
  • the electromagnet current is controlled by the electromagnet current to apply the magnetic field direction to the vertical paper facing direction, and the photodiode will be turned on from port 1 to port 2; on the contrary, the direction of the control magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper, and the photodiode will be from port 2 to Port 1 is turned on. In both cases, the forward and reverse transmissions have the same efficiency. Referring to Fig.
  • the operating frequency range of the photodiode and the isolator of the straight waveguide structure is 4.62 GHz to 7.16 GHz.
  • the photodiode and the isolator have a maximum forward-reverse transmission isolation of 23.6151 dB and a forward transmission insertion loss of 0.0622 dB.
  • the transmission efficiency curve of the magneto-optical film fast surface steerable photodiode with different parameters of Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 can obtain the optical frequency range of the magnetic surface fast wave transmitted by the magneto-optical film waveguide, that is, the direction can be controlled
  • the operating frequency range of the photodiode As can be seen from the results, the present invention is based on the magneto-optical material thin film waveguide magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode can work effectively.

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  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

Disclosed is a magnetic surface fast wave direction-controllable photodiode with a magneto-optic thin film, comprising an optical input port (1), an optical output port (2), a magneto-optic thin film (3), a background medium (4) and a controllable bias magnetic field (H0). The magneto-optic thin film (3) is provided in the background medium (4). The magneto-optic thin film (3) is made of a magneto-optic material. A left end of the photodiode is the optical input port (1) or the optical output port (2), and a right end thereof is the optical output port (2) or the optical input port (1). Magnetic surface fast waves are on the surfaces of the magneto-optic material and the background medium (4). The controllable bias magnetic field (H0) is provided at the magneto-optic thin film (3). The photodiode has a simple structure, is convenient for implementation, has high optical transmission efficiency, has a small volume, is convenient for integration, is applicable to large-scale optical path integration, and has a broad application prospect.

Description

磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管Magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种磁光材料、磁表面波和光二极管，具体涉及一种磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管。The invention relates to a magneto-optical material, a magnetic surface wave and a photodiode, in particular to a magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode.
背景技术Background technique
光二极管和隔离器是一种只允许光往一个方向传播的光学器件，应用于阻止不必要的光反馈。传统的光二极管和隔离器的主元件是法拉第旋光器，应用了法拉第效应(磁光效应)作为其工作原理。传统的法拉第隔离器由起偏器，法拉第旋光器和检偏器组成，这种器件结构复杂，通常被应用在自由空间的光系统中。对于集成光路，光纤或波导等集成光器件都是非偏振维持系统，会导致偏振角的损耗，因而不适用法拉第隔离器。Photodiodes and isolators are optics that only allow light to travel in one direction and are used to prevent unwanted light feedback. The main component of conventional photodiodes and isolators is the Faraday rotator, which applies the Faraday effect (magneto-optical effect) as its working principle. The traditional Faraday isolator consists of a polarizer, a Faraday rotator and an analyzer. This device has a complicated structure and is usually used in a free-space optical system. For integrated optical paths, integrated optical devices such as fiber optics or waveguides are non-polarization-maintaining systems that cause loss of polarization angle and are therefore not suitable for use with pull-up isolators.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中的不足之处，提供一种结构简单有效，光传输效率高，体积小，便于集成的磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管。The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode with simple and effective structure, high light transmission efficiency, small volume and easy integration.
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案予以实现。The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
本发明磁光材料薄膜波导磁表面快波方向可控光二极管包括一个光输入端口、一个光输出端口、一个磁光薄膜、背景介质和一个可控偏置磁场；所述磁光薄膜设置于背景介质中；所述磁光薄膜采用磁 光材料；所述光二极管和隔离器由磁光材料和背景介质构成；所述光二极管和隔离器的左端为光输入端口或光输出端口，其右端为光输出端口或光输入端口；所述磁光材料与背景介质的表面处为磁表面快波；所述磁光薄膜处设置有可控偏置磁场。The magneto-optical material thin film waveguide magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode comprises a light input port, a light output port, a magneto-optical film, a background medium and a controllable bias magnetic field; the magneto-optical film is disposed on the background In the medium; the magneto-optical film is magnetic a light material; the photodiode and the isolator are composed of a magneto-optical material and a background medium; the left end of the photodiode and the isolator is an optical input port or a light output port, and the right end thereof is an optical output port or an optical input port; The surface of the magneto-optical material and the background medium is a magnetic surface fast wave; the magneto-optical film is provided with a controllable bias magnetic field.
所述磁表面快波光二极管由磁光薄膜设置于背景介质中构成。The magnetic surface fast wave photodiode is composed of a magneto-optical film disposed in a background medium.
所述光二极管由磁光材料与背景介质的分界面构成光波导可单向传输光信号。The photodiode is composed of an interface of a magneto-optical material and a background medium to form an optical waveguide for unidirectionally transmitting optical signals.
所述磁光薄膜与背景介质的分界面为直波导结构；所述直波导为TE工作模式波导。The interface between the magneto-optical film and the background medium is a straight waveguide structure; the straight waveguide is a TE working mode waveguide.
所述磁光材料为磁光玻璃或者各种稀土元素掺杂的石榴石和稀土-过渡金属合金薄膜等材料。The magneto-optical material is magneto-optical glass or various rare earth element-doped garnets and rare earth-transition metal alloy films.
所述背景介质材料为工作波透明的材料；所述背景介质为普通介质材料、空气、玻璃。The background medium material is a working wave transparent material; the background medium is a common medium material, air, glass.
所述偏置磁场由电磁铁产生或者由永久磁铁提供，电磁铁的电流为方向可控电流，永久磁铁能旋转。The bias magnetic field is generated by an electromagnet or by a permanent magnet. The current of the electromagnet is a directionally controllable current, and the permanent magnet can rotate.
本发明适合应用于大规模光路集成，具有广泛的应用前景。它与现有技术相比,具有如下积极效果。The invention is suitable for large-scale optical path integration and has wide application prospects. Compared with the prior art, it has the following positive effects.
1.结构简单，便于实现。1. The structure is simple and easy to implement.
2.光传输效率高。2. High optical transmission efficiency.
3.体积小，便于集成。3. Small size for easy integration.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管的结构图。 1 is a structural diagram of a magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode.
图中1(a)：光输入端1  光输出端2  磁光薄膜3  背景介质4偏置磁场⊕H0(里)  偏置磁场⊙H0(外)  磁光薄膜厚度wIn the figure, 1(a): light input terminal 1 light output terminal 2 magneto-optical film 3 background medium 4 bias magnetic field ⊕H 0 (in) bias magnetic field ⊙H 0 (outer) magneto-optical film thickness w
图中1(b)：光输出端1  光输入端2  磁光薄膜3  背景介质4偏置磁场⊙H0(外)  磁光薄膜厚度wIn the figure, 1(b): light output terminal 1 light input terminal 2 magneto-optical film 3 background medium 4 bias magnetic field ⊙H 0 (outer) magneto-optical film thickness w
图2为磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管的向右单向导通工作原理图。2 is a schematic diagram of the right-handed single-directional operation of the magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast-wave direction controllable photodiode.
图3为磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管的向左单向导通工作原理图。3 is a schematic diagram of the left-handed single-conduction operation of the magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast-wave direction controllable photodiode.
图4为磁光材料薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管的正反向传输效率随光波频率变化的第一种实施例曲线图。Fig. 4 is a graph showing a first embodiment of the forward and reverse transmission efficiency of the magneto-optical material thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode as a function of the light wave frequency.
图5为磁光材料薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管的正反向传输效率随光波频率变化的第二种实施例曲线图。Fig. 5 is a graph showing a second embodiment of the forward and reverse transmission efficiency of the magneto-optical material thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode as a function of the light wave frequency.
图6为磁光材料薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管的正反向传输效率随光波频率变化的第三种实施例曲线图。Fig. 6 is a graph showing a third embodiment of the forward and reverse transmission efficiency of the magneto-optical material thin film magnetic surface fast-wave direction controllable photodiode as a function of the light wave frequency.
具体实施方式detailed description
如图1所示，本发明磁光材料薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管包括一个光输入端口1、一个光输出端口2、一个磁光薄膜3、背景介质4、第一吸波层5、第二吸波层6和一个可控偏置磁场H0，磁表面快波光二极管由磁光材料薄膜3设置于背景介质4中构成，磁光薄膜3采用磁光材料，即磁光材料薄膜，磁光材料薄膜3与背景介质4交界面为光能量主要集中的区域，由磁光材料薄膜3与背景介质4的分界面构成光波导可单向传输光信号，即为光二极管，光二极管和 隔离器由磁光材料和背景介质构成。磁光材料为磁光玻璃或者各种稀土元素掺杂的石榴石和稀土-过渡金属合金薄膜等材料；磁光材料薄膜3与背景介质4的分界面为直波导结构，本发明波导为TE工作模式波导；如图1(a)所示光二极管和隔离器的左端为光输入端口1，其右端为光输出端口2；如图1(b)所示光二极管的右端为光输入端口2，其左端为光输出端口1；磁光材料薄膜3与背景介质4的表面处为磁表面快波；背景介质材料采用工作波透明的材料，也可以采用普通介质材料、空气或玻璃。磁光材料薄膜3处设置有偏置磁场H0，即偏置磁场⊕H0(里)或偏置磁场⊙H0(外)，偏置磁场H0由电流方向可控的电磁铁产生或者由能旋转的永久磁铁提供，方向为将决定二极管的导通方向，通过控制电流方向来改变光二极管的导通方向，或者通过旋转永久磁铁来改变。通过电磁铁电流控制磁光材料外加磁场方向垂直纸面向里，光二极管和隔离器的左端为光输入端1，其右端为光输出端2，二极管将从端口1到端口2导通；当外加控制磁场方向垂直纸面向外，二极管的右端为光输入端2，其左端为光输出端1，光二极管将从端口2到端口1导通。As shown in FIG. 1, the magneto-optical material thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode of the present invention comprises an optical input port 1, a light output port 2, a magneto-optical film 3, a background medium 4, and a first absorbing layer 5. a second absorbing layer 6 and a controllable bias magnetic field H 0 , the magnetic surface fast wave photodiode is formed by the magneto-optical material film 3 disposed in the background medium 4, and the magneto-optical film 3 is made of a magneto-optical material, that is, a magneto-optical material film. The interface between the magneto-optical material film 3 and the background medium 4 is a region where the light energy is mainly concentrated, and the optical waveguide formed by the interface between the magneto-optical material film 3 and the background medium 4 can unidirectionally transmit optical signals, that is, photodiodes and photodiodes. And the isolator consists of a magneto-optical material and a background medium. The magneto-optical material is magneto-optical glass or various rare earth-doped garnets and rare earth-transition metal alloy films; the interface between the magneto-optical material film 3 and the background medium 4 is a straight waveguide structure, and the waveguide of the present invention is a TE working mode. As shown in Fig. 1(a), the left end of the photodiode and the isolator is the optical input port 1, and the right end is the optical output port 2; as shown in Fig. 1(b), the right end of the photodiode is the optical input port 2, The left end is the light output port 1; the surface of the magneto-optical material film 3 and the background medium 4 is a magnetic surface fast wave; the background medium material is a transparent material of working wave, and a common dielectric material, air or glass can also be used. The magneto-optical material film 3 is provided with a bias magnetic field H 0 , that is, a bias magnetic field ⊕H 0 (in) or a bias magnetic field ⊙H 0 (outer), and the bias magnetic field H 0 is generated by an electromagnet whose current direction is controllable or Provided by a rotatable permanent magnet, the direction will determine the conduction direction of the diode, change the conduction direction of the photodiode by controlling the direction of the current, or change by rotating the permanent magnet. The electromagnet current is controlled by the magneto-optical material and the direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper surface. The left end of the photodiode and the isolator is the light input end 1, and the right end is the light output end 2, and the diode will be turned on from the port 1 to the port 2; The direction of the control magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper, the right end of the diode is the light input end 2, the left end is the light output end 1, and the photodiode will be turned on from the port 2 to the port 1.
磁光材料-介质界面所产生的磁表面波是一种类似于金属表面等离子激元(SPP)的现象。磁光材料在偏置静磁场的作用下，磁导率为张量形式，同时，在一定的光波段范围内，其有效折射率为负值。因而，磁光材料的表面能够产生一种导波，且具有单向传播的性能，称为磁表面波(表面磁极化子波，SMP)。The magnetic surface wave generated by the magneto-optical material-medium interface is a phenomenon similar to the metal surface plasmon (SPP). Under the action of the biased static magnetic field, the magneto-optical material has a magnetic permeability of tensor, and at the same time, its effective refractive index is negative in a certain optical band. Thus, the surface of the magneto-optical material is capable of producing a guided wave and has a property of unidirectional propagation, which is called a surface acoustic wave (Surface Magnetically Polarized Wave, SMP).
本发明磁光材料薄膜波导磁表面快波方向可控光二极管，将磁光 材料薄膜3设置于背景介质背景4中构成，利用磁光材料-介质界面产生的磁表面快波来进行光的单向传输，利用电流方向可控的电磁铁来控制光二极管的导通方向。The magneto-optical material thin film waveguide magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode of the present invention The material film 3 is disposed in the background medium background 4, and the magnetic surface fast wave generated by the magneto-optical material-medium interface is used for unidirectional transmission of light, and the electromagnet with controllable current direction is used to control the conduction direction of the photodiode.
本发明技术方案是基于磁光材料所具有的光非互易性和磁光材料-介质界面所具有独特的可传导表面波特性，实现光二极管和隔离器的设计。该技术方案的基本原理如下：The technical scheme of the invention realizes the design of the photodiode and the isolator based on the optical non-reciprocity of the magneto-optical material and the unique conductive surface wave characteristic of the magneto-optical material-medium interface. The basic principles of this technical solution are as follows:
磁光材料是一种具有磁各向异性的材料，由外加静磁场导致磁光材料内部的磁偶极子按同一方向排列，进而产生磁偶极矩。磁偶极矩将和光信号发生强烈的相互作用，进而产生光的非互易性传输。在方向为垂直纸面向外的偏置磁场H0的作用下，磁光材料的磁导率张量为：The magneto-optical material is a material having magnetic anisotropy, and the magnetic dipole inside the magneto-optical material is arranged in the same direction by the application of a static magnetic field, thereby generating a magnetic dipole moment. The magnetic dipole moment will interact strongly with the optical signal, which in turn produces a non-reciprocal transmission of light. The magnetic permeability tensor of the magneto-optical material is under the action of a bias magnetic field H 0 oriented in the direction perpendicular to the vertical paper:
Figure PCTCN2017099818-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017099818-appb-000001
磁导率张量的矩阵元由以下方程组给出：The matrix elements of the permeability tensor are given by the following equations:
Figure PCTCN2017099818-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2017099818-appb-000002
其中，μ0为真空中的磁导率，γ为旋磁比，H0为外加磁场，Ms为饱和磁化强度，ω为工作频率，α为损耗系数。若改变偏置磁场的方向为垂直纸面向里，则H0和Ms将改变符号。Where μ 0 is the magnetic permeability in vacuum, γ is the gyromagnetic ratio, H 0 is the applied magnetic field, M s is the saturation magnetization, ω is the operating frequency, and α is the loss coefficient. If the direction of the biasing magnetic field is changed to the vertical paper facing direction, H 0 and M s will change the sign.
磁光材料-介质界面所产生的磁表面波则可以根据磁光材料的磁导率张量和麦克斯韦方程组求解得出。满足表面波(为TE波)在界 面存在的电场和磁场应当有如下的形式：The magnetic surface wave generated by the magneto-optical material-medium interface can be solved according to the magnetic permeability tensor of the magneto-optical material and Maxwell's equations. Satisfy surface waves (for TE waves) The electric and magnetic fields present in the surface should have the following form:
Figure PCTCN2017099818-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2017099818-appb-000003
其中i＝1代表磁光材料区域，i＝2代表介质区域。代入麦克斯韦方程组：Where i=1 represents the magneto-optical material region and i=2 represents the dielectric region. Substituting Maxwell's equations:
Figure PCTCN2017099818-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2017099818-appb-000004
再根据本构关系式和边界条件，可得出关于磁表面波的波矢kz的超越方程：According to the constitutive relation and the boundary conditions, the transcendental equation about the wave vector k z of the magnetic surface wave can be obtained:
Figure PCTCN2017099818-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2017099818-appb-000005
其中，
Figure PCTCN2017099818-appb-000006
为磁光材料的有效磁导率。此超越方程可以由数值解法求解，最终得到kz的值。也可从方程看出，由于方程包含μκkz的项，所以，磁表面波具有非互易性(单向传播)。而从方程的解可以得出，当改变磁场为反向时，光二极管的导通方向也变为相反方向。among them,
Figure PCTCN2017099818-appb-000006
It is the effective permeability of magneto-optical materials. This transcendental equation can be solved by a numerical solution, and finally the value of k z is obtained. It can also be seen from the equation that since the equation contains the term of μ κ k z , the surface acoustic wave has non-reciprocity (one-way propagation). From the solution of the equation, it can be concluded that when the changing magnetic field is reversed, the conduction direction of the photodiode also changes to the opposite direction.
可见，在磁光材料薄膜处加入偏置磁场，并且由电流控制电磁铁磁场方向，并采用普通介质材料、空气或玻璃作为背景材料，那么将构成有效的光二极管。如图2所示，采用钇铁石榴石(YIG)作为磁各向异性材料，背景介质4为空气(n0＝1)，磁光薄膜3的偏置磁场大小为900Oe，磁光薄膜3的尺寸长l＝50mm，其厚度w＝22.5mm，器件的工作频率f由磁光材料和介质的介电常数ε1，ε2和磁导率[μ1]，μ2所决定，工作频率为f＝6GHz，YIG材料损耗系数α＝3×10-4。磁光材料所加入的磁场垂直纸面向里，当光从端口1输入时，在磁光 材料-介质界面产生单向正向传输的磁表面波，最后从端口2输出，即方向可控光二极管的向右单向导通；当光从端口2输入时，由于磁表面波的非互易性导致光波不能够在器件里面反向传输，从而无法从端口1输出，光能量已全部在端口2处被阻挡。光二极管的导通方向由外加磁场的方向所决定，当改变磁场方向时，如图3所示，采用钇铁石榴石(YIG)作为磁各向异性材料，背景介质为空气(n0＝1)，磁光薄膜的偏置磁场大小为900Oe，磁光薄膜3的尺寸长度l＝50mm，其厚度w＝22.5mm，器件的工作频率f由磁光材料和介质的介电常数ε1，ε2和磁导率[μ1]，μ2所决定，工作频率为f＝6GHz，YIG材料损耗系数α＝3×10-4。如图所示，偏置磁场方向为垂直纸面向外，二极管的导通方向是相反的。当光从端口1输入时，由于器件的非互易性导致其内部无法传播反向的光波，端口1没有任何光输出，光能量已全部在端口2处被阻挡；当光从端口2输入时，能够在器件内部产生磁表面波，继而从端口2输出，即方向可控光二极管的向左单向导通。It can be seen that a biasing magnetic field is added to the magneto-optical material film, and the direction of the electromagnet magnetic field is controlled by the current, and a common dielectric material, air or glass is used as the background material, which will constitute an effective photodiode. As shown in FIG. 2, yttrium iron garnet (YIG) is used as the magnetic anisotropic material, the background medium 4 is air (n 0 =1), and the bias magnetic field of the magneto-optical film 3 is 900 Oe, and the magneto-optical film 3 is The size is l=50mm, and its thickness is w=22.5mm. The operating frequency f of the device is determined by the dielectric constants ε 1 , ε 2 and permeability [μ 1 ], μ 2 of the magneto-optical material and the medium. The operating frequency is f = 6 GHz, YIG material loss factor α = 3 × 10 -4 . The magnetic field added by the magneto-optical material is perpendicular to the paper surface. When the light is input from the port 1, a magnetic surface wave is generated in the unidirectional forward transmission at the magneto-optical material-medium interface, and finally output from the port 2, that is, the direction controllable photodiode When the light is input from the port 2, the light wave cannot be reversely transmitted inside the device due to the non-reciprocity of the surface acoustic wave, so that the light energy cannot be output from the port 1, and the light energy is all at the port 2 Blocked. The conduction direction of the photodiode is determined by the direction of the applied magnetic field. When the direction of the magnetic field is changed, as shown in Fig. 3, yttrium iron garnet (YIG) is used as the magnetic anisotropic material, and the background medium is air (n 0 =1). The magneto-optical film has a bias magnetic field of 900 Oe, the magneto-optical film 3 has a length l = 50 mm, and its thickness w = 22.5 mm. The operating frequency f of the device is determined by the dielectric constant of the magneto-optical material and the medium ε 1 , ε 2 and magnetic permeability [μ 1 ], determined by μ 2 , the operating frequency is f = 6 GHz, and the YIG material loss coefficient α = 3 × 10 -4 . As shown, the direction of the biasing magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper, and the conduction direction of the diode is opposite. When light is input from port 1, the reverse light wave cannot be propagated inside due to the non-reciprocity of the device, port 1 does not have any light output, and the light energy is all blocked at port 2; when light is input from port 2 A magnetic surface wave can be generated inside the device, and then output from the port 2, that is, the left direction of the direction controllable photodiode.
本发明器件的磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管采用磁光材料设置于普通介质材料中，磁光材料薄膜的尺寸长度l和厚度w可以灵活地根据实际工作波长和实际需求进行选择。改变尺寸对器件性能无大的影响。The magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode of the device of the invention is arranged in a common dielectric material by using a magneto-optical material, and the size length l and the thickness w of the magneto-optical material film can be flexibly selected according to the actual working wavelength and actual demand. . Changing the size has no major impact on device performance.
下面结合附图给出三个实施例，在实施例中采用钇铁石榴石(YIG)作为磁各向异性材料，偏置磁场由电流方向可控的电磁铁产生，大小为900Oe，方向为将决定二极管的导通方向，磁光薄膜厚度 w，YIG材料损耗系数α＝3×10-4，器件的工作频率f由磁光材料和介质的介电常数ε1，ε2和磁导率[μ1]，μ2所决定。Three embodiments are given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the embodiment, yttrium iron garnet (YIG) is used as the magnetic anisotropic material, and the bias magnetic field is generated by an electromagnet with a controllable current direction, and the size is 900 Oe, and the direction is Determine the conduction direction of the diode, the thickness of the magneto-optical film w, the loss factor of the YIG material α=3×10 -4 , the operating frequency f of the device is the dielectric constant ε 1 , ε 2 and magnetic permeability of the magneto-optical material and the medium [ μ 1 ], determined by μ 2 .
实施例1Example 1
参照图1(a)、(b)，磁表面快波方向可控光二极管由磁光薄膜3设置于背景介质4中构成，背景介质4的材料为空气(n0＝1)，磁光薄膜3的厚度为w＝5mm。在工作频段内，通过电磁铁电流控制磁光材料外加磁场方向垂直纸面向里，光二极管将从端口1到端口2导通；相反，控制磁场方向垂直纸面向外，光二极管将从端口2到端1导通。此两种情况的正反向传输效率相同。参照图4，直波导结构的光二极管和隔离器的工作频率范围是4.52GHz～7.26GHz。在工作频率范围内，考虑材料损耗，光二极管和隔离器最高达到正反向传输隔离度为21.9586dB，正向传输插入损耗为0.0146dB。Referring to Figures 1 (a) and (b), the magnetic surface fast-wave direction controllable photodiode is formed by the magneto-optical film 3 disposed in the background medium 4, and the material of the background medium 4 is air (n 0 =1), and the magneto-optical film The thickness of 3 is w = 5 mm. In the working frequency band, the electromagnet current is controlled by the electromagnet current to apply the magnetic field direction to the vertical paper facing direction, and the photodiode will be turned on from port 1 to port 2; on the contrary, the direction of the control magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper, and the photodiode will be from port 2 to Terminal 1 is turned on. In both cases, the forward and reverse transmissions have the same efficiency. Referring to FIG. 4, the operating frequency range of the photodiode and the isolator of the straight waveguide structure is 4.52 GHz to 7.26 GHz. In the operating frequency range, considering the material loss, the photodiode and the isolator have a maximum forward-reverse transmission isolation of 21.9586 dB and a forward transmission insertion loss of 0.0146 dB.
实施例2Example 2
参照图1，磁表面快波方向可控光二极管由磁光薄膜设置于背景介质中构成，背景介质4的材料为空气(n0＝1)，磁光薄膜3的厚度为w＝7mm。在工作频段内，通过电磁铁电流控制磁光材料外加磁场方向垂直纸面向里，光二极管将从端口1到端口2导通；相反，控制磁场方向垂直纸面向外，光二极管将从端口2到端口1导通。此两种情况的正反向传输效率相同。参照图5，直波导结构的光二极管和隔离器的工作频率范围是4.58GHz～7.20GHz。在工作频率范围内，考虑材料损耗，光二极管和隔离器最高达到正反向传输隔离度为25.0863dB，正向传输插入损耗为0.0146dB。 Referring to Fig. 1, a magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode is formed by a magneto-optical film disposed in a background medium. The material of the background medium 4 is air (n 0 =1), and the thickness of the magneto-optical film 3 is w=7 mm. In the working frequency band, the electromagnet current is controlled by the electromagnet current to apply the magnetic field direction to the vertical paper facing direction, and the photodiode will be turned on from port 1 to port 2; on the contrary, the direction of the control magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper, and the photodiode will be from port 2 to Port 1 is turned on. In both cases, the forward and reverse transmissions have the same efficiency. Referring to Fig. 5, the operating frequency range of the photodiode and the isolator of the straight waveguide structure is 4.58 GHz to 7.20 GHz. In the operating frequency range, considering the material loss, the photodiode and the isolator have a maximum forward-reverse transmission isolation of 25.0863 dB and a forward transmission insertion loss of 0.0146 dB.
实施例3Example 3
参照图1，磁表面快波方向可控光二极管由磁光薄膜设置于背景介质中构成，背景介质4的材料采用玻璃(n0＝1.5)，磁光薄膜3的厚度为w＝7mm。在工作频段内，通过电磁铁电流控制磁光材料外加磁场方向垂直纸面向里，光二极管将从端口1到端口2导通；相反，控制磁场方向垂直纸面向外，光二极管将从端口2到端口1导通。此两种情况的正反向传输效率相同。参照图6，直波导结构的光二极管和隔离器的工作频率范围是4.62GHz～7.16GHz。在工作频率范围内，考虑材料损耗，光二极管和隔离器最高达到正反向传输隔离度为23.6151dB，正向传输插入损耗为0.0622dB。Referring to Fig. 1, a magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode is formed by a magneto-optical film disposed in a background medium. The material of the background medium 4 is glass (n 0 = 1.5), and the thickness of the magneto-optical film 3 is w = 7 mm. In the working frequency band, the electromagnet current is controlled by the electromagnet current to apply the magnetic field direction to the vertical paper facing direction, and the photodiode will be turned on from port 1 to port 2; on the contrary, the direction of the control magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper, and the photodiode will be from port 2 to Port 1 is turned on. In both cases, the forward and reverse transmissions have the same efficiency. Referring to Fig. 6, the operating frequency range of the photodiode and the isolator of the straight waveguide structure is 4.62 GHz to 7.16 GHz. In the operating frequency range, considering the material loss, the photodiode and the isolator have a maximum forward-reverse transmission isolation of 23.6151 dB and a forward transmission insertion loss of 0.0622 dB.
由图4、图5和图6不同参数的磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管的传输效率曲线图可以得到磁光薄膜波导所传输磁表面快波的光频率范围，即方向可控光二极管的工作频率范围。从结果可知，本发明基于磁光材料薄膜波导的磁表面快波方向可控光二极管是能够有效工作的。The transmission efficiency curve of the magneto-optical film fast surface steerable photodiode with different parameters of Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 can obtain the optical frequency range of the magnetic surface fast wave transmitted by the magneto-optical film waveguide, that is, the direction can be controlled The operating frequency range of the photodiode. As can be seen from the results, the present invention is based on the magneto-optical material thin film waveguide magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode can work effectively.
以上所述本发明在具体实施方式及应用范围均有改进之处，不应当理解为对本发明限制。 The invention described above is susceptible to modifications of the specific embodiments and applications, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (8)

  1. 一种磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管，其特征在于：其包括一个光输入端口、一个光输出端口、一个磁光薄膜、背景介质和一个可控偏置磁场；所述磁光薄膜设置于背景介质中；所述磁光薄膜采用磁光材料；所述光二极管和隔离器由磁光材料和背景介质构成；所述光二极管和隔离器的左端为光输入端口或光输出端口，其右端为光输出端口或光输入端口；所述磁光材料与背景介质的表面处为磁表面快波；所述磁光薄膜处设置有可控偏置磁场。A magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode, characterized in that it comprises an optical input port, a light output port, a magneto-optical film, a background medium and a controllable bias magnetic field; The film is disposed in a background medium; the magneto-optical film is a magneto-optical material; the photodiode and the isolator are composed of a magneto-optical material and a background medium; and the left end of the photodiode and the isolator is an optical input port or an optical output port The right end is a light output port or a light input port; the surface of the magneto-optical material and the background medium is a magnetic surface fast wave; and the magneto-optical film is provided with a controllable bias magnetic field.
  2. 按照权利要求1所述的磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管,其特征在于：所述磁表面快波光二极管由磁光薄膜设置于背景介质中构成。The magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic surface fast wave photodiode is formed by a magneto-optical film disposed in a background medium.
  3. 按照权利要求1所述的磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管,其特征在于：所述光二极管由磁光材料与背景介质的分界面构成光波导可单向传输光信号。The magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode according to claim 1, wherein the photodiode comprises an optical waveguide formed by an interface between the magneto-optical material and the background medium to transmit an optical signal in one direction.
  4. 按照权利要求1所述的磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管,其特征在于：所述磁光薄膜与背景介质的分界面为直波导结构；所述直波导为TE工作模式波导。The magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode according to claim 1, wherein the interface between the magneto-optical film and the background medium is a straight waveguide structure; and the straight waveguide is a TE working mode waveguide.
  5. 按照权利要求4所述的磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管,其特征在于：所述磁光材料为磁光玻璃或者各种稀土元素掺杂的石榴石和稀土-过渡金属合金薄膜等材料。The magneto-optic thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode according to claim 4, wherein the magneto-optical material is magneto-optical glass or various rare earth doped garnets and rare earth-transition metal alloy films. material.
  6. 按照权利要求1所述的磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管,其特征在于：所述背景介质材料为工作波透明的材料。The magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode according to claim 1, wherein the background dielectric material is a material transparent to the working wave.
  7. 按照权利要求1所述的磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极 管,其特征在于：所述背景介质为普通介质材料、空气、玻璃。The magneto-optical film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable light dipole according to claim 1 The tube is characterized in that the background medium is a common medium material, air, glass.
  8. 按照权利要求1所述的磁光薄膜磁表面快波方向可控光二极管,其特征在于：所述偏置磁场由电磁铁产生或者由永久磁铁提供，电磁铁的电流为方向可控电流，永久磁铁能旋转。 The magneto-optical thin film magnetic surface fast wave direction controllable photodiode according to claim 1, wherein the bias magnetic field is generated by an electromagnet or provided by a permanent magnet, and the current of the electromagnet is a direction controllable current, permanent. The magnet can rotate.
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