WO2018041068A1 - 用于肺功能检测的流量传感器、肺功能仪及检测方法和应用 - Google Patents
用于肺功能检测的流量传感器、肺功能仪及检测方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000009325 pulmonary function Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000004199 lung function Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003434 inspiratory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000013123 lung function test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009613 pulmonary function test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000000884 Airway Obstruction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000012084 abdominal surgery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012864 cross contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000115 thoracic cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004088 pulmonary circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Measuring devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/087—Measuring breath flow
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of medical diagnosis, and more particularly to a flow sensor for pulmonary function detection, a pulmonary function meter, and a method of using the same for pulmonary function detection.
- Pulmonary function test can judge the ventilator function of the tester, and has practical clinical significance in identifying the type of airway obstruction and the evaluation of lung function before thoracic and abdominal surgery.
- commonly used pulmonary function instruments include a bellows type portable lung function meter, a turbo type portable lung function meter, an ultrasonic flow rate sensing type portable lung function meter, and a differential pressure portable lung function meter.
- the detection principle of the bellows type portable lung function meter is that the inflator blows air into the bellows to expand the airbag in the bellows to push the marker pen, and the appearance thereof is light, but the parameters that can be measured are small.
- the detection principle of the turbo portable lung function meter is designed according to the characteristics that the rotational speed of the rotating component (turbine) is proportional to the fluid velocity. When the gas passes, the turbine rotates, and the photoelectric rotation effect is used to convert the turbine rotation signal into an electrical signal output.
- the disadvantage is that the impeller can still rotate with inertia when the airflow stops, and the inertia and the bearing friction torque will affect the accuracy of the sensor, and it will easily pollute the turbine and cause cross-contamination.
- the principle of the ultrasonic flow rate sensing type portable lung function meter is based on the relationship between the time difference of sound waves transmitted on the forward and reverse air streams and the gas flow rate. The faster the flow rate, the greater the time difference and the flow rate is calculated from the time difference.
- the differential pressure portable pulmonary function meter currently uses Fleisch and the modified Lilly differential pressure flow meter.
- the flow velocity sensor has a sieve-like mesh.
- the flow velocity decreases due to the resistance of the mesh.
- the pressure difference sensor passes the gas flow rate.
- the generated differential pressure signal is converted into an electrical signal, which is processed and output in digital or graphical form.
- the disadvantage of this technique is that the exhaled water vapor is easily condensed and deposited on the sieve-like mesh to block the mesh, and the cleaning and disinfection of the mesh is difficult, thereby affecting the test accuracy and easily causing cross-contamination; in addition, the error is large when measuring at high flow rate.
- the measured results cannot be converted to and from the standard instrument, and calibration is required after cleaning and maintenance.
- Pulmonary function tests include ventilation function, ventilation function, respiratory regulation function and pulmonary circulation function.
- the detection of multiple pulmonary function physiological parameters requires continuous detection of respiratory airflow.
- the judgment method of the pulmonary function meter for the exhalation state or the inhalation state is generally compared with the zero point value of the differential pressure sensor, so the zero point value needs to be It is cumbersome to have a professional perform calibration with the software.
- the standard 3L calibration cylinder is used for multiple times to simulate the exhalation and inspiration of the human body. Since the expiratory volume of the calibration cylinder is equal to the inspiratory volume of 3L, the corresponding sensor can be obtained by calculating the half of the total volume.
- the output value is the zero value of the sensor, the value greater than zero is exhaled, and the value less than zero is inspiratory.
- the temperature and humidity of the environment, the change of atmospheric pressure, and the frequency of use will cause the zero point of the sensor to drift. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically calibrate the zero value of the sensor, otherwise a large error will occur.
- one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a flow sensor for pulmonary function detection, which is a hollow tube structure mainly composed of an exhalation air inlet portion, a first cone portion, and a throat portion.
- the second portion and the second cone portion are connected in sequence, and the low pressure pressure tapping opening is formed on the wall of the throat portion, and the first high pressure pressure tapping opening is opened on the exhalation air inlet portion or the first cone portion, and the exhalation air inlet portion
- the diameter of the throat portion is larger than the diameter of the throat portion, and the first tapered portion and the second tapered portion are respectively connected to the throat portion.
- the exhalation air inlet has a diameter of 16 to 30 mm, and the throat portion has a diameter of 10 to 13 mm.
- the invention provides a flow sensor for detecting lung function, which is a hollow tube structure, which is mainly composed of an exhalation air inlet portion, a first cone portion, a throat portion and a second cone portion, and is connected by a low pressure.
- the mouth is opened on the wall of the throat, and the first high pressure port and the second high pressure port are respectively opened on the pipe walls on both sides of the non-throat portion.
- exhalation air inlet portion and the throat portion are cylindrical, the diameter of the exhalation air inlet portion is larger than the diameter of the throat portion, and the first cone portion and the second cone portion are in a truncated cone shape, the first cone portion and the second portion The smaller diameter end of the taper is connected to the throat portion.
- first pressure tapping opening is opened in the first taper portion or the expiratory air inlet portion
- second high pressure tapping port is opened in the second taper portion
- the distance between the first high pressure port and the low pressure port is smaller than the distance between the second high pressure port and the low pressure port.
- the invention provides a pulmonary function meter comprising a differential pressure sensor and a flow sensor, wherein the flow sensor is a hollow tube structure mainly composed of an exhalation air inlet portion, a first cone portion, a throat portion and a second cone portion. Connected in sequence, the low pressure pressure port is opened on the wall of the throat, the first high pressure port is opened on the exhalation air inlet or the first cone, and the diameter of the exhalation air inlet is larger than the throat Diameter, diameter of the first cone and the second cone The small ends are connected to the throat.
- the differential pressure sensor is connected to the pressure port of the flow sensor.
- the invention also provides another pulmonary function meter, comprising a differential pressure sensor and a flow sensor, wherein the flow sensor is a hollow tube structure mainly composed of an exhalation air inlet portion, a first cone portion, a throat portion and a second portion.
- the taper portions are connected in sequence, and the low pressure pressure tapping opening is formed on the pipe wall of the throat portion, and the first high pressure pressure tapping port and the second high pressure tapping port are respectively opened on the pipe walls on both sides of the non-throat mouth portion;
- the differential pressure sensor includes a first differential pressure sensor and a second differential pressure sensor.
- the differential pressure sensor is connected to the pressure port of the flow sensor, and includes a first differential pressure sensor and a second differential pressure sensor.
- exhalation air inlet portion and the throat portion are cylindrical, the diameter of the exhalation air inlet portion is larger than the diameter of the throat portion, and the first cone portion and the second cone portion are in a truncated cone shape, the first cone portion and the second portion The smaller diameter end of the tapered portion faces the throat portion, respectively.
- first high pressure pressure port of the flow sensor is connected to the positive pressure end of the first differential pressure sensor
- second high pressure pressure port is connected to the positive pressure end of the second differential pressure sensor
- the low pressure end of the two differential pressure sensors is passed
- the tee is connected to the low pressure port of the throat.
- the pulmonary function meter further includes a microprocessor.
- the data of the differential pressure sensor is controlled and collected by a microprocessor.
- the pulmonary function meter further comprises an automatic judgment system module for two detection modes of breath detection and inspiratory detection.
- the invention also provides a method for detecting lung function, comprising the following steps:
- the tester's mouth contains the front end of the expiratory air intake of the flow sensor, and exhales or inhales;
- the lung function meter reads the data of the first differential pressure sensor; if the inhalation state is determined, the lung function meter takes the data of the second differential pressure sensor;
- step 5 the lung function detection parameter of the tester is calculated according to the obtained data of the first differential pressure sensor or the data of the second differential pressure sensor.
- the method for determining exhalation or inhalation in step (4) comprises: comparing the pressure difference values of the two differential pressure sensors to determine whether the tester performs exhalation or inhalation on the flow sensor; or the operator according to the test The current or upcoming action determines whether the tester is exhaling or inhaling the flow sensor.
- the present invention also provides a method for judging exhalation or inhalation during continuous respiratory gas detection, comprising a first differential pressure sensor for expiratory detection and a second differential pressure sensor for inhalation detection; Comparing the pressure difference between the first pressure difference sensor and the second pressure difference sensor; if the pressure difference value of the first pressure difference sensor is greater than the pressure difference value of the second pressure difference sensor, determining the exhalation state; When the pressure measurement value of the second differential pressure sensor is larger than the pressure difference value of the first differential pressure sensor, it is determined to be an intake state.
- a flow sensor which is a hollow tube structure, which is mainly formed by sequentially connecting an exhalation air inlet portion, a first cone portion, a throat portion and a second cone portion, and the low pressure pressure tap opening is opened at the throat portion.
- the first high pressure port and the second high pressure port are respectively opened on the pipe walls on both sides of the non-throat portion.
- exhalation air inlet portion and the throat portion are cylindrical, the diameter of the exhalation air inlet portion is larger than the diameter of the throat portion, and the first cone portion and the second cone portion are in a truncated cone shape, the first cone portion and the second portion The smaller diameter end of the tapered portion faces the throat portion, respectively.
- first pressure tapping opening is opened in the first taper portion or the expiratory air inlet portion
- second high pressure tapping port is opened in the second taper portion
- the distance between the first high pressure port and the low pressure port is smaller than the distance between the second high pressure port and the low pressure port.
- the invention also provides the use of the flow sensor for preparing a pulmonary function meter.
- the flow sensor of the present invention adopts a structure in which the diameter of both ends is larger than the intermediate diameter, and the size of each part of the sensor is optimized by calculation, so that the flow sensor size of the lung function detection can be applied to both the patient's mouth blow and the flow sensor in two. There is no turbulence near the pressure port, ensuring sensitivity and accuracy of measurement, reusable, no calibration, and easy to use.
- the present invention utilizes the principle of fluid dynamics, that is, the pressure at a position where the cross-sectional area of the air flow in the flow passage is large is larger than the pressure at a position where the cross-sectional area is small, and the flow sensor is located at a pressure difference between the high pressure port and the low pressure port.
- the lung function meter microprocessor host
- the lung function meter microprocessor can calculate and analyze various functional indexes of the lungs of the sick patients according to the pressure difference between the high and low pressure pressure ports, so that the doctor or the patient can judge the condition or confirm the curative effect.
- the difference in diameter fixed by different hole segments the appropriate gradient of the difference in diameter can be calculated and analyzed to ensure that the pressure difference between the high and low pressure ports can be obtained, which ensures the sensitivity and accuracy of the measurement.
- the flow sensor of the invention also adopts a low-pressure sampling port and two high-pressure sampling ports, which can The two-way flow of exhalation and inhalation is detected, and the convenient calibration and calibration methods are convenient for after-sale maintenance and miniaturization of the pulmonary function meter.
- the pulmonary function meter of the invention can quickly switch between the breath detection mode and the inspiratory detection mode, and the judgment of exhalation or inspiration does not depend on the zero value of the sensor output, so there is no need to periodically calibrate the sensor exhalation
- the zero value of the gas conversion ensures the accuracy of the test.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a flow sensor having two pressure tapping holes according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a flow sensor of three pressure tapping holes according to the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a three-hole flow sensor with an intake air intake.
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a three-hole flow sensor to a differential pressure sensor.
- Figure 5 is a circuit block diagram of the pulmonary function meter of the present invention.
- Figure 6 is a block diagram of the inspection process.
- the flow sensor for lung function detection shown in FIG. 1 is a hollow tube structure, which is formed by sequentially connecting the exhalation air inlet portion 1, the first cone portion 2, the throat portion 3, and the second cone portion 4.
- the low pressure pressure tap 5 opened on the wall of the throat is opened at the first high pressure port 6 on the wall of the first cone.
- the exhalation air inlet 1 and the throat portion 3 have a cylindrical shape, and the diameter of the exhalation air inlet portion is larger than the diameter of the throat portion.
- the first tapered portion 2 and the second tapered portion 4 have a truncated cone shape, and the first tapered portion and the second tapered portion have a smaller diameter end connected to the throat portion.
- the exhalation air inlet is the inlet section
- the first cone is the contraction section
- the second cone is the diffusion section.
- the exhalation air intake portion 1, the first tapered portion 2, the throat portion 3, and the second tapered portion 4 are sequentially passed from one end of the air blown flow sensor to the other end of the air blown.
- the flow rate of human exhalation is about 50L/min to 900L/min
- the measurement range of the pressure difference of the lung function meter is 0-9kPa
- the diameter d of the throat section is calculated to be 10 to 13mm.
- the diameter D of the expiratory air inlet is 16 to 30 mm
- the diameter d of the throat is 10 to 13 mm.
- the exhalation air inlet and the throat are in a laminar flow during the detection process. Stable pressure difference, so that the lung function instrument host can accurately calculate and analyze various functional indicators of the lungs of the sick patients, so that the doctor or the patient can accurately judge the condition and the efficacy confirmation.
- the exhalation air inlet has a diameter D of 25 mm and the throat portion has a diameter d of 12 mm. This not only makes the stable pressure difference have a higher safety factor, but also makes the flow sensor have a compact appearance, and the pulmonary function test result is in good agreement with the actual condition of the patient's lung function.
- the total length L of the flow sensor is 100 mm
- the diameter D of the expiratory air inlet is 25 mm
- the length L1 is 45 mm
- the diameter d of the throat portion is 12 mm
- the length L2 of the throat portion is 10 mm.
- the first tapered portion has a truncated cone shape, and the large-diameter end of the first tapered portion is connected to the expiratory air inlet portion, the small-diameter end of the first tapered portion is connected to the throat portion, and the second tapered portion is also in the shape of a truncated cone.
- the small-diameter end of the second tapered portion is connected to the throat portion, the large-diameter end of the second tapered portion faces the blowing end of the hollow tube air, the length L3 of the second tapered portion is 30 mm, and the second tapered portion is opposite to the two bus bars
- the angle between the angle (taper angle) ⁇ is 30°
- the high pressure pressure tapping port is located at the position of the exhalation air inlet close to the first cone portion, and the high pressure pressure tapping port is connected with the exhalation air inlet portion
- the low pressure pressure tapping port Located at the middle of the throat, the low pressure pressure port is connected to the throat, and the high pressure pressure port and the low pressure pressure port have a diameter of 1.2 mm.
- the outer surface of the first cone portion and the second cone portion of the flow sensor is provided with a post 11 , and the flow sensor is coupled to the pulmonary function meter through the post 11 .
- FIG. 2 is another flow sensor for detecting lung function according to the present invention, which is a hollow tube structure including an exhalation air inlet portion 1, a first cone portion 2, a throat portion 3, and a second cone.
- the portions 4 are connected in sequence, and the low pressure pressure tap 5 is opened on the wall of the throat portion, and the first high pressure pressure port 6 and the second high pressure pressure port 7 are respectively opened on the tube walls on both sides of the non-throat portion. .
- the exhalation air inlet 1 and the throat portion 3 have a cylindrical shape, and the diameter of the exhalation air inlet portion is larger than the diameter of the throat portion.
- the first tapered portion 2 and the second tapered portion 4 have a truncated cone shape, and the first tapered portion and the second tapered portion have a smaller diameter end connected to the throat portion.
- the first pressure tapping port 6 can be opened in the first taper portion 2 or the expiratory air inlet portion 1.
- the second high pressure port 7 can be opened in the second taper 4. As shown in FIG. 3, in the embodiment in which the end of the second tapered portion having a larger diameter is connected to the intake air intake portion 8, the second high pressure pressure receiving port 7 may be opened in the intake air intake portion 8.
- the differential pressure sensor When the lung function parameter at the time of exhalation is detected, the pressure difference between the first high pressure port and the low pressure port is detected by the differential pressure sensor.
- the pressure difference between the second high pressure port and the low pressure port is detected by the differential pressure sensor.
- the pulmonary function meter calculates and analyzes various functional indexes of the tester's lungs according to the pressure difference between the high and low pressure pressure ports, and provides them to the doctor or the tester to judge the condition or confirm the curative effect.
- the first high pressure port is adjusted and the low pressure is taken.
- the distance between the mouths is obtained, and the sensitivity required for the breath detection is obtained.
- the sensitivity required for the inhalation detection is obtained.
- the pressure difference point of the differential pressure sensor is fixed, that is, the distance between the high and low pressure pressure ports of the flow sensor matched thereto is fixed, by adjusting the diameter of the exhalation air inlet of the flow sensor, The throat diameter, the first taper taper angle ⁇ 1 and its length, or the second taper taper angle ⁇ 2 and its length, obtain the detection range required for breath detection.
- the second high pressure port is opened at the larger diameter of the second taper 4 to increase The differential pressure output corresponding to the suction flow rate.
- the detection range is the same, that is, the same type of differential pressure sensor can be used, and the calibration and calibration of the differential pressure sensor adopt the same method, and the range of the correction coefficient is consistent. This facilitates the calibration and calibration of the pulmonary function meter.
- the humidity of the gas exhaled by the human body is large, and the inside of the flow sensor is easy to condense water vapor.
- the pore diameter of the pressure tapping port is 0.8 to 2 mm, and the water droplets condensed by the patient's exhaled air are in the water droplets. Under the action of surface tension, it will not enter the high and low pressure pressure ports or stay near the high and low pressure pressure ports, so that the flow sensor will not affect the detection accuracy and sensitivity even if it is used for a long time.
- the high pressure pressure tap and the low pressure pressure tap have a pore diameter of 1.2 mm.
- the high pressure pressure tapping opening is opened on the taper portion, so that the condensed water can flow out without staying at the pressure tapping port, and the throat portion is as short as possible, for example, less than 6 mm, to ensure that the water vapor is not retained in the throat portion.
- the pulmonary function meter includes a differential pressure sensor and the flow sensor of Figure 2 of the present invention.
- the first high pressure port 6 of the first cone portion of the flow sensor is connected to the positive pressure end 103 of the first differential pressure sensor 101, and the positive pressure of the second high pressure port 7 and the second differential pressure sensor 102 of the second taper portion
- the end 103 is connected, and the low pressure end 104 of the two differential pressure sensors are respectively connected to the low pressure pressure port 5 of the throat through the tee 105 Pick up.
- the differential pressure sensor can be connected to the microprocessor 106.
- the microprocessor is used to collect and process the signal of the differential pressure sensor, and calculate and analyze various functional indexes of the tester according to the pressure difference between the high and low pressure pressure tapping ports.
- the microprocessor may be provided by a pulmonary function meter or may be an external device such as a computer.
- the pulmonary function meter also includes an automatic judgment system for two detection modes of breath detection and inspiratory detection.
- the automatic judgment system can determine exhalation or inspiration during the continuous function of the pulmonary function meter.
- the airflow in the flow sensor is the expiratory flow
- the pressure difference between the first high pressure port and the low pressure port is detected by the data of the first differential pressure sensor to obtain the lung function parameter during exhalation.
- the data of the second differential pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure difference between the second high pressure port and the low pressure port to obtain the lung function parameter during inhalation.
- the exhalation inspiratory automatic judgment system may be a part of the pulmonary function detection software, and the switching between the exhalation detection and the inspiratory detection is realized by the program control. Especially when continuous inhalation or exhalation is required, the automatic judgment system can quickly switch between the breath detection mode and the inhalation detection mode.
- the airflow When detecting the exhalation parameter, the airflow first passes through the first high pressure pressure port and then enters the low pressure pressure port of the throat. Since the throat portion has a small aperture, the airflow is compressed and accelerated, the pressure loss flow rate decreases, and finally passes through the second high voltage. Taking the pressure port, the differential pressure detection value of the first differential pressure sensor is always greater than the differential pressure detection value of the second differential pressure sensor; when detecting the suction parameter, the airflow first passes through the second high pressure pressure port and then enters the throat portion The low pressure pressure port, the air flow is compressed and accelerated, the pressure loss flow rate decreases, and finally passes through the first high pressure pressure port, so the differential pressure detection value of the second differential pressure sensor is always greater than the differential pressure detection value of the first differential pressure sensor.
- the exhalation inspiratory automatic judgment system compares the pressure difference values of the two differential pressure sensors to determine whether the current tester is exhaling or inhaling, and according to the result of the judgment, the detector automatically switches to the corresponding Breath detection mode or inspiratory detection mode.
- Figure 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of the pulmonary function meter of Figure 4, including first and second differential pressure sensors, signal amplification circuits, dual channel A/D conversion circuits, microprocessor circuits, display screens, power management circuits, Power and buttons.
- first and second differential pressure sensors When in use, press the button to start the lung function test, the tester continuously exhales the inhalation to the flow sensor, and the differential pressure sensor amplifies the measured signal, digital-analog conversion and sends it to the microprocessor for processing, and the processed information is processed. Displayed on the display.
- the power supply supplies power to the above units through a power management circuit.
- a method for detecting lung function includes the following steps:
- the tester's mouth contains the front end of the expiratory air intake of the flow sensor, and exhales or inhales;
- the microprocessor of the pulmonary function meter obtains data of the first or second differential pressure sensor to calculate the gas flow rate
- Step (5) determining the breathing state: comparing the pressure difference values of the two differential pressure sensors to determine whether the tester is exhaling or inhaling to the flow sensor; or the operator is currently or about to perform according to the tester. Action to determine whether the tester is exhaling or inhaling the flow sensor.
- the flow sensor or lung function meter of the invention can be applied to routine physical examination, athlete physical strength test, daily monitoring of asthma patients, identification of airway obstruction type, pulmonary function evaluation before thoracic and abdominal surgery.
- the experimental group 1 is the three-hole flow sensor described in FIG. 2, the exhalation air inlet portion has a diameter of 27 mm, the first taper portion has a taper angle of 40 degrees, the throat portion has a diameter of 12 mm, and the second taper portion has a taper angle of At 25.4 degrees, the suction intake has a diameter of 27 mm.
- the distance between the first high pressure port and the low pressure port is 20 mm, and the distance between the second high pressure port and the low pressure port is 25 mm.
- the experimental group 2 is the two-hole flow sensor shown in Fig. 1.
- the exhalation air inlet has a diameter of 27 mm
- the taper angle of the first taper portion is 40 degrees
- the throat portion diameter is 12 mm
- the taper angle of the second taper portion is At 25.4 degrees
- the suction intake has a diameter of 27 mm.
- the distance between the first high pressure port and the low pressure port is 20 mm.
- the maximum expiratory flow range is 900 L/min, and the corresponding differential pressure is 10 kPa when the maximum flow rate; the maximum inspiratory flow range is 600 L/min, and the corresponding differential pressure is 10 kPa when the maximum flow rate is reached. . Therefore, the first differential pressure sensor and the second differential pressure sensor can use the same range of differential pressure sensors. Two sensors were calibrated by experimentally testing flow and differential pressure data (see Table 3). For specific correction, the two differential pressure sensors are connected in parallel and the same pressure difference is applied, and two pressure difference points of 1 kPa and 5 kPa are respectively taken for linear correction.
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Abstract
一种用于肺功能检测的流量传感器，及其在肺功能仪中的应用和肺功能的检测方法。所述用于肺功能检测的流量传感器，为中空管结构，包括呼气进气部（1）、第一锥部（2）、喉口部（3）和第二锥部（4）并依次相连而成，低压取压口（5）开设在喉口部（3）的管壁上，第一高压取压口（6）开设于呼气进气部（1）或第一锥部（2）的管壁上。所述流量传感器以及肺功能仪具检测灵敏度高和检测准确，结构简单、使用成本低廉。结构紧凑有利于肺功能仪器的小型化，且方便仪器的定标和校正，售后维护简单。
Description
本发明涉及医疗诊断领域，特别涉及用于肺功能检测的流量传感器、肺功能仪，以及使用它们进行肺功能检测的方法。
肺功能检测可判断测试者的呼吸机能，对鉴别气道梗阻类型、胸腹部外科手术前的肺功能评估等方面具有实际的临床意义。
目前常用的肺功能仪有风箱式便携肺功能仪、涡轮式便携肺功能仪、超声流速传感型便携式肺功能仪、压差式便携肺功能仪。风箱式便携肺功能仪的检测原理是吹气者往风箱内吹气使风箱内气囊膨胀来推动标记笔，其外观轻便，但是可测量的参数少。涡轮式便携肺功能仪的检测原理是依据转动部件(涡轮)的转动速度和流体速度成正比的特性而设计，气体通过时引起涡轮转动，通过光电效应来将涡轮转动信号转换成电信号输出，缺点是气流停止通过时叶轮仍可有惯性转动而产生误差，转动惯性与轴承摩擦力矩等因素也会影响传感器精度，而且使用时容易污染涡轮，造成交叉污染。超声流速传感型便携式肺功能仪的原理是根据声波在顺气流和逆气流上传递的时间差异跟气体流速的关系。流速越快，时间差越大，流速根据时间差计算得出。但是一致性范围仍然较大，某些指标重复性差，产品成本高。压差式便携肺功能仪目前普遍采用费氏(Fleisch)和改进型的Lilly型压差式流量计。其在流速传感器上有一筛状隔网，气流通过该网时受网的阻力而流速下降，结果使网眼另一端的压力轻微下降，网眼两端形成压降差，经过压差式传感器将由气体流速产生的压差信号转换成电信号，处理后以数字或图形形式输出。该技术的缺点是呼出的水蒸汽容易在筛状隔网上冷凝沉积而阻塞网眼，隔网清洁消毒较为困难，因而影响测试精度，而且容易造成交叉污染；另外，在高流量测量时误差偏大，测得的结果不能与标准仪器进行互相转换，清洗维护后需要定标等。
肺功能检查包括通气功能、换气功能、呼吸调节功能及肺循环功能等，多项肺功能生理参数检测需要持续检测呼吸气流量。目前已有肺功能仪对于呼气状态或吸气状态的判断方法通常采用与压差传感器的零点值进行比较，因此零点值需
要专业人员配合软件进行定期校准，步骤繁琐。校准时，用标准3L定标筒多次匀速推拉来模拟人体呼气和吸气，由于定标筒的呼气体积等于吸气体积都为3L，因此可以通过计算得到总体积一半时刻对应的传感器输出值即为传感器的零点值，大于零点值为呼气，小于零点值为吸气。环境温湿度、大气压变化以及使用频次等都会使传感器的零点产生漂移，因此需要定期校准传感器的零点值，否则会产生较大误差。
发明内容
为了克服上述缺点，本发明的目的之一是提供一种用于肺功能检测的流量传感器，所述流量传感器为一中空管结构，主要由呼气进气部、第一锥部、喉口部和第二锥部依次相连而成，低压取压口开设在喉口部的管壁上，第一高压取压口开设在呼气进气部或第一锥部上，呼气进气部的直径大于喉口部的直径，第一锥部和第二锥部直径较小的一端分别连接喉口部。
进一步的，呼气进气部的直径为16至30mm，喉口部的直径为10至13mm。
本发明提供了一种用于肺功能检测的流量传感器，为中空管结构，主要由呼气进气部、第一锥部、喉口部和第二锥部依次相连而成，低压取压口开设在喉口部的管壁上，第一高压取压口和第二高压取压口分别开设在非喉口部两侧的管壁上。
进一步的，呼气进气部和喉口部呈圆柱形，呼气进气部的直径大于喉口部的直径，第一锥部和第二锥部呈圆台形，第一锥部和第二锥部直径较小的一端分别连接着喉口部。
进一步的，第一取压口开设在第一锥部或呼气进气部，第二高压取压口开设在第二锥部。
优选的，第一高压取压口与低压取压口之间的距离小于第二高压取压口与低压取压口之间的距离。
本发明提供了一种肺功能仪，包括压差传感器和流量传感器，所述流量传感器为一中空管结构，主要由呼气进气部、第一锥部、喉口部和第二锥部依次相连而成，低压取压口开设在喉口部的管壁上，第一高压取压口开设在呼气进气部或第一锥部上，呼气进气部的直径大于喉口部的直径，第一锥部和第二锥部直径较
小的一端分别连接着喉口部。压差传感器与流量传感器的取压口连接。
本发明还提供了另一种肺功能仪，包括压差传感器和流量传感器，所述流量传感器，为中空管结构，主要由呼气进气部、第一锥部、喉口部和第二锥部依次相连而成，低压取压口开设在喉口部的管壁上，第一高压取压口和第二高压取压口分别开设在非喉口部两侧的管壁上；所述压差传感器包括第一压差传感器和第二压差传感器。压差传感器与流量传感器的取压口连接，包括第一压差传感器和第二压差传感器。
进一步的，呼气进气部和喉口部呈圆柱形，呼气进气部的直径大于喉口部的直径，第一锥部和第二锥部呈圆台形，第一锥部和第二锥部直径较小的一端分别朝向喉口部。
进一步的，流量传感器第一高压取压口与第一压差传感器的正压端连接，第二高压取压口与第二压差传感器的正压端连接，两个压差传感器的低压端通过三通管分别与喉口部的低压取压口连接。
进一步的，所述肺功能仪还包括微处理器。所述压差传感器的数据由微处理器控制采集、处理。
优选的，所述肺功能仪还包括呼气检测和吸气检测两种检测模式的自动判断系统模块。
本发明还提供了一种肺功能检测的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)提供前述具有第一高压取压口、第二高压取压口和低压取压口的肺功能仪；
(2)测试者口含流量传感器的呼气进气部的前端，并呼气或吸气；
(3)读取第一压差传感器和第二压差传感器数据；
(4)判断测试者正在进行的是呼气或吸气；
(5)若判断是呼气状态，则肺功能仪读取第一压差传感器的数据；若判断吸气状态，则肺功能仪取第二压差传感器的数据；
(6)步骤5中根据获得的第一压差传感器的数据或第二压差传感器的数据，计算得出测试者的肺功能检测参数。
其中步骤(4)判断呼气还是吸气的方法包括：比较两个压差传感器的压差值，以判断出测试者对流量传感器实施的是呼气还是吸气；或者操作者根据测试
者当前或即将进行的动作判断出测试者对流量传感器实施的是呼气还是吸气。
本发明还提供了一种在持续呼吸气检测过程中判断呼气或吸气的方法，包括用于呼气检测时的第一压差传感器和用于吸气检测时的第二压差传感器；比较第一传压差感器和第二压差传感器的压差值；若第一压差传感器的压差值始大于第二压差传感器的压差值时，判定为呼气状态；若第二压差传感器的压测值大于第一压差传感器的压差值时，判定为吸气状态。
进一步的，还提供一种流量传感器，为中空管结构，主要由呼气进气部、第一锥部、喉口部和第二锥部依次相连而成，低压取压口开设在喉口部的管壁上，第一高压取压口和第二高压取压口分别开设在非喉口部两侧的管壁上。
进一步的，呼气进气部和喉口部呈圆柱形，呼气进气部的直径大于喉口部的直径，第一锥部和第二锥部呈圆台形，第一锥部和第二锥部直径较小的一端分别朝向喉口部。
进一步的，第一取压口开设在第一锥部或呼气进气部，第二高压取压口开设在第二锥部。
优选的，第一高压取压口与低压取压口之间的距离小于第二高压取压口与低压取压口之间的距离。
本发明还提供了所述流量传感器在制备肺功能仪上的应用。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明所述流量传感器采用两端直径大于中间直径的结构，并通过计算优化传感器各部分的尺寸，使得肺功能检测的流量传感器尺寸既可以适用于病患者口吹，又使得流量传感器在两个取压口附近不会出现紊流现象，确保测量的灵敏度和准确性、可重复使用、无需定标、使用方便。
本发明利用流体动力学原理，即流道中空气流动横截面积大的位置处压力大于横截面积小的位置处压力，所述流量传感器位于高压取压口与低压取压口之间存在压差，肺功能仪微处理器(主机)即可根据高、低压取压口之间的压差计算分析出病患者的肺部各种功能指标，以便医生或病患者判断病情或确认疗效。利用不同孔段固定的直径差，计算分析直径差的适宜变化梯度，确保高、低压取压口之间可以获得层流状态的压差，确保了测量的灵敏度和准确性。
本发明的流量传感器还采用一个低压取样口和两个高压取样口的方式，能同
时检测呼气和吸气双向流量，便捷的定标和校正方式，利于售后维护及肺功能仪的小型化。
本发明所述肺功能仪能够迅速地在呼气检测模式和吸气检测模式之间自由切换，呼气或吸气的判断不依赖于传感器输出的零点值，因此不需要定期校准传感器呼气吸气转换的零点值，保证了检测的准确性。
图1本发明所述具有两个取压孔的流量传感器结构示意图。
图2本发明所述的三个取压孔的流量传感器结构示意图。
图3带有吸气进气部的三孔流量传感器结构示意图。
图4三孔流量传感器与压差传感器连接的示意图。
图5本发明所述肺功能仪的电路线框图。
图6检测过程线框图。
如图1所示的用于肺功能检测的流量传感器，为中空管结构，包括由呼气进气部1、第一锥部2、喉口部3和第二锥部4依次相连而成，开设于喉口部管壁上的低压取压口5，开设于第一锥部管壁上的第一高压取压口6。呼气进气部1和喉口部3呈圆柱形，呼气进气部的直径大于喉口部的直径。第一锥部2和第二锥部4呈圆台形，第一锥部和第二锥部直径较小的一端分别连接着喉口部。其中呼气进气部即为入口段、第一锥部即为收缩段、第二锥部即为扩散段。从空气吹入流量传感器的一端到空气吹出的其另一端依次经过呼气进气部1、第一锥部2、喉口部3和第二锥部4。
在具体的实施例中，为了符合人体工程学原理，尤其适合病患者放入口中呼气的实际用途，将呼气进气部的直径定为16至30mm比较合适。根据流体动力学伯努利方程和质量守恒连续性原理，流量与压差的关系满足公式
式中人体呼气的流量范围约为50L/min～900L/min，肺功能
仪主机对应压差测量范围为0～9kPa，计算出喉口段直径d为10至13mm。通过大量实验检测呼气进气部直径D取值16至30mm，喉口部直径d取值10至13mm，呼气进气部与喉口部在检测过程中均处于层流状态，可以获得相对稳定的压差，以便肺功能仪主机可以准确地计算分析出病患者的肺部各种功能指标，以便医生或病患者可以比较准确地判断病情和疗效确认。
在一个具体的实施例中，所述呼气进气部的直径D为25mm，所述喉口部的直径d为12mm。这不仅使得稳定压差具有较高的安全系数，也使得流量传感器具有小巧的外观，肺功能仪检测结果与病患者肺功能的实际情况相符性好。
在更具体的实施例中，流量传感器的总长度L为100mm，呼气进气部的直径D为25mm、长度L1为45mm，喉口部的直径d为12mm，喉口部的长度L2为10mm，第一锥部呈圆台状，第一锥部的大口径端与呼气进气部相连接，第一锥部的小口径端与喉口部相连接，第二锥部也呈圆台状，第二锥部的小口径端与喉口部相连接，第二锥部的大口径端朝向中空管空气的吹出端方向，第二锥部的长度L3为30mm，第二锥部相对两母线之间的夹角(锥角)θ为30°，高压取压口位于呼气进气部靠近第一锥部的位置处，高压取压口与呼气进气部相连通，低压取压口位于喉口部的中间位置处，低压取压口与喉口部相连通，高压取压口、低压取压口的孔径分别为1.2mm。
流量传感器的第一锥部和第二锥部的外表面上设有卡柱11，流量传感器通过卡柱11与肺功能仪实现卡接连接。
实施例1
根据上述参数制作的流量传感器(实验组，本发明)与现有的传感器(对照组，现有技术)作比较实验，实验结果比较如下：
从上述实验检测数据可以看出本发明所述的流量传感器相比于现有技术中的流量传感器，具有较高的检测灵敏度和准确性。
如图2所示是本发明另一种用于肺功能检测的流量传感器，其为中空管结构，包括由呼气进气部1、第一锥部2、喉口部3和第二锥部4依次相连而成，低压取压口5开设在喉口部的管壁上，第一高压取压口6和第二高压取压口7分别开设在非喉口部两侧的管壁上。呼气进气部1和喉口部3呈圆柱形，呼气进气部的直径大于喉口部的直径。第一锥部2和第二锥部4呈圆台形，第一锥部和第二锥部直径较小的一端分别连接着喉口部。
第一取压口6可以开设在第一锥部2或呼气进气部1。第二高压取压口7可以开设在第二锥部4。如图3所示，在第二锥部直径较大的一端与吸气进气部8相连的实施例中，第二高压取压口7还可以开设在吸气进气部8。当检测呼气时的肺功能参数时，通过压差传感器检测第一高压取压口和低压取压口之间的压差。当检测吸气时的肺功能参数时，通过压差传感器检测第二高压取压口和低压取压口之间的压差。肺功能仪根据高、低压取压口之间的压差计算分析出测试者的肺部各种功能指标，提供给医生或测试者以便判断病情或确认疗效。
在流量传感器的管体最大直径、管身长度、第一锥部锥角θ1和第二锥部锥角θ2等参数固定的实施例中，通过调整第一高压取压口与低压取压口之间的距离，获得呼气检测时需要的灵敏度，通过调整第二高压取压口与低压取压口之间的距离，获得吸气检测时需要的灵敏度。
在压差传感器取压点位置是固定的，也即与之配合的流量传感器的高、低压取压口之间的距离是固定的实施例中，通过调整流量传感器的呼气进气部直径、喉口部直径、第一锥部锥角θ1及其长度，或第二锥部锥角θ2及其长度，获得呼吸检测时需要的检测量程。
由于肺功能检测呼气最大流速比吸气最大流速大得多，为提高吸气流量检测的灵敏度，需要增大第二高压取压口的压力。根据流体动力学伯努利原理，流量与压差的关系满足公式(I)，式中d为喉口部低压取压口处直径，D为吸气进气部第二高压取压口处直径，ρ为流体的密度。当D变大，一定的流量对应的压差Δp也会相应变大。
在一个具体的实施例中，通过加大第二高压取压口7与低压取压口5的距离，使第二高压取压口开设于第二锥部4的较大孔径处，以增大吸气流量对应的压差输出。通过调整第一高压取压口和第二高压取压口的位置，使呼气和吸气的流量检测满足量程和灵敏度要求，并可以使呼气压差传感器和吸气压差传感器的压差检测量程一致，即可用同一型号的压差传感器，压差传感器的定标和校正采用同一方法，校正系数的取值范围一致。因此方便肺功能仪的定标和校正。
人体呼出的气体湿度大，流量传感器内部容易凝结水汽，为了防止凝结水堵塞取压口，在一个具体的实施例中，取压口孔径取0.8～2mm，病患者呼出的潮湿空气凝结的水滴在表面张力的作用下不会进入高、低压取压口或者滞留在高、低压取压口附近，使得流量传感器即使长时间使用也不会影响检测精度以及灵敏度。例如，所述高压取压口与低压取压口的孔径为1.2mm。同时高压取压口开设在锥部上，使凝结水能往外流而不会停留在取压口，喉口部尽量短，例如小于6mm，确保水汽在喉口部无滞留。
如图4所示，肺功能仪包括压差传感器和本发明图2所述的流量传感器。流量传感器第一锥部的第一高压取压口6与第一压差传感器101的正压端103连接，第二锥部的第二高压取压口7与第二压差传感器102的正压端103连接，两个压差传感器的低压端104通过三通管105分别与喉口部的低压取压口5连
接。
压差传感器可以与微处理器106相连，微处理器用于采集压差传感器的信号并进行处理，根据高、低压取压口之间的压差计算分析出测试者肺部各种功能指标，作为测试者当前身体状况或治疗效果的参考指标。所述微处理器可以是肺功能仪自带的，也可以是外部设备，例如电脑等。
肺功能仪还包括呼气检测和吸气检测两种检测模式的自动判断系统。所述自动判断系统可以在肺功能仪持续呼吸气检测过程中判断出呼气或吸气。当流量传感器内的气流为呼气气流时，用第一压差传感器的数据检测第一高压取压口和低压取压口之间的压差，获得呼气时的肺功能参数。当流量传感器内的气流为吸气气流时，用第二压差传感器的数据检测第二高压取压口和低压取压口之间的压差，获得吸气时的肺功能参数。
呼气吸气自动判断系统可以是肺功能检测软件中的部分程序，通过程序控制实现肺功能仪在呼气检测和吸气检测之间的切换。尤其是在需要连续检测吸气或呼气时，所述自动判断系统能够迅速地在呼气检测模式和吸气检测模式之间自由切换。
当检测呼气参数时，气流先经过第一高压取压口，再进入喉口部的低压取压口，由于喉口部孔径小，气流被压缩加速，压力损失流量下降，最后经过第二高压取压口，因此第一压差传感器的压差检测值始终大于第二压差传感器的压差检测值；当检测吸气参数时，气流先经过第二高压取压口，再进入喉口部的低压取压口，气流被压缩加速，压力损失流量下降，最后经过第一高压取压口，所以第二压差传感器的压差检测值始终大于第一压差传感器的压差检测值。因此在一个具体的实施例中，呼气吸气自动判断系统通过比较两个压差传感器的压差值以判断当前测试者是呼气还是吸气，根据判断的结果，检测仪自动切换至相应的呼气检测模式或吸气检测模式。
如图5所示为图4肺功能仪的电路原理图，包括第一和第二压差传感器、信号放大电路、双通道A/D转换电路、微处理器电路、显示屏、电源管理电路、电源和按键。使用时，按动按键启动肺功能检测，测试者向流量传感器连续呼气吸气，压差传感器将测得的信号经过放大，数模转换后送至微处理器进行处理，处理后的相关信息显示于显示屏上。电源通过电源管理电路为上述单元供电。
如图6所示，一种肺功能检测的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)提供本发明所述的肺功能仪；
(2)测试者口含流量传感器的呼气进气部的前端，并呼气或吸气；
(3)读取第一和第二压差传感器数据；
(4)判断是否开始呼气或吸气；
(5)判断是否为呼气状态，若判断是，则肺功能仪取第一压差传感器的数据；若判断为否，则肺功能仪取第二压差传感器的数据；
(6)肺功能仪的微处理器得到第一或第二压差传感器的数据，计算出气体流量；
(7)获得肺功能检测参数。
其中步骤(5)呼吸状态的判断方法：比较两个压差传感器的压差值，以判断出测试者对流量传感器实施的是呼气还是吸气；或者操作者根据测试者当前或即将进行的动作，以判断出测试者对流量传感器实施的是呼气还是吸气。
本发明所述的流量传感器或肺功能仪，可应用于常规体检、运动员体能测试、哮喘患者的日常监测、鉴别气道梗阻类型、胸腹部外科手术前的肺功能评估等。
实施例2
实验组1为图2所述的三孔流量传感器，其呼气进气部直径为27mm，第一锥部的锥角为40度，喉口部直径为12mm，第二锥部的锥角为25.4度，吸气进气部直径为27mm。第一高压取压口与低压取压口距离20mm，第二高压取压口与低压取压口距离25mm。
实验组2为图1所示的双孔流量传感器，其呼气进气部直径为27mm，第一锥部的锥角为40度，喉口部直径为12mm，第二锥部的锥角为25.4度，吸气进气部直径为27mm。第一高压取压口与低压取压口距离20mm。
将实验组1的流量传感器和实验组2的流量传感器的检测值与标准流量值作比较，检测结果见表1和表2。
表1 实验组1流量传感器呼气吸气实验数据
表2 实验组2流量传感器呼气吸气实验数据
从上述实验检测数据可以看出，在吸气参数的检测过程中，本图2所示的三孔流量传感器相比于图1所示的双孔流量传感器要更为准确。
实施例3
检测实施例2实验组1的流量传感器的最大压差，呼气流量最大量程900L/min，当最大流量时对应压差10kPa；吸气流量最大量程600L/min，当最大流量时对应压差10kPa。因此第一压差传感器和第二压差传感器可以使用相同量程的压差传感器。通过实验测试流量和压差数据(见表3)，对两个传感器进行定标。具体校正时，把两个压差传感器并联并施加一样的压差，分别取1kPa和5kPa两个压差点进行线性校正。
表3
Claims (12)
- 用于肺功能检测的流量传感器，为中空管结构，其特征在于，包括呼气进气部、第一锥部、喉口部和第二锥部并依次相连而成，低压取压口开设在喉口部的管壁上，第一高压取压口开设于呼气进气部或第一锥部的管壁上。
- 根据权利要求1所述的流量传感器，其特征在于，还包括第二高压取压口，第二高压取压口设置在第二锥部的管壁上。
- 根据权利要求1所述的流量传感器，其特征在于，呼气进气部的直径大于喉口部的直径，第一锥部和第二锥部直径较小的一端分别连接着喉口部。
- 根据权利要求1所述的流量传感器，其特征在于，所述呼气进气部的直径为16至30mm，喉口部的直径d为10至13mm。。
- 肺功能仪，包括压差传感器和流量传感器，其特征在于，所述流量传感器为中空管结构，包括呼气进气部、第一锥部、喉口部和第二锥部依次相连而成，低压取压口开设在喉口部的管壁上，第一高压取压口开设在呼气进气部或第一锥部上，流量传感器第一高压取压口与压差传感器的正压端连接，流量传感器的低压取压口与压差传感器的低压端连接。。
- 根据权利要求5所述的肺功能仪，其特征在于，呼气进气部的直径大于喉口部的直径，第一锥部和第二锥部直径较小的一端分别连接着喉口部。
- 肺功能仪，包括压差传感器和流量传感器，其特征在于，所述流量传感器为中空管结构，主要由呼气进气部、第一锥部、喉口部和第二锥部依次相连而成，低压取压口开设在喉口部的管壁上，第一高压取压口和第二高压取压口分别开设在非喉口部两侧的管壁上；压差传感器与流量传感器的取压口连接，包括第一压差传感器和第二压差传感器。
- 根据权利要求7所述的肺功能仪，其特征在于，流量传感器第一高压取压口与第一压差传感器的正压端连接，第二高压取压口与第二压差传感器的正压端连接，两个压差传感器的低压端通过三通管分别与喉口部的低压取压口连接。
- 根据权利要求7所述的肺功能仪，其特征在于，还包括呼气检测和吸气检测两种检测模式的自动判断系统。
- 肺功能检测的方法，包括以下步骤：(1)提供权利要求7至9所述的肺功能仪；(2)测试者口含流量传感器的呼气进气部的前端，实施呼气或吸气；(3)读取第一压差传感器和第二压差传感器数据；(4)判断测试者正在进行的是呼气或吸气；(5)若判断是呼气状态，则肺功能仪读取第一压差传感器的数据；若判断吸气状态，则肺功能仪取第二压差传感器的数据；(6)步骤5中根据获得的第一压差传感器的数据或第二压差传感器的数据，计算得出测试者的肺功能检测参数。
- 根据权利要求10所述的肺功能检测的方法，其特征在于，在在肺功能仪持续呼吸气检测过程中，步骤(4)的判断方法包括：比较两个压差传感器的压差值，以判断出测试者对流量传感器实施的是呼气还是吸气。
- 权利要求1至9之一所述的流量传感器在制备肺功能仪上的应用。
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