WO2017131242A1 - 細胞内物質移送システムおよびその利用 - Google Patents
細胞内物質移送システムおよびその利用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017131242A1 WO2017131242A1 PCT/JP2017/003880 JP2017003880W WO2017131242A1 WO 2017131242 A1 WO2017131242 A1 WO 2017131242A1 JP 2017003880 W JP2017003880 W JP 2017003880W WO 2017131242 A1 WO2017131242 A1 WO 2017131242A1
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- A61K47/6925—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit the form being a particulate, a powder, an adsorbate, a bead or a sphere the form being a microcapsule, nanocapsule, microbubble or nanobubble
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
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- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
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- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/24—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, halogen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. cyclomethicone or phospholipids
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- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyesters, polyamino acids, polysiloxanes, polyphosphazines, copolymers of polyalkylene glycol or poloxamers
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- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/69—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
- A61K47/6921—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit the form being a particulate, a powder, an adsorbate, a bead or a sphere
- A61K47/6923—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit the form being a particulate, a powder, an adsorbate, a bead or a sphere the form being an inorganic particle, e.g. ceramic particles, silica particles, ferrite or synsorb
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/99—Enzyme inactivation by chemical treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y5/00—Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an intracellular substance transfer system and use thereof.
- This application claims the priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-15760 filed on Jan. 29, 2016, the entire description of which is specifically incorporated herein by reference.
- Non-patent Document 1 Non-patent Document 1
- the target intracellular space or endolysosome can be used efficiently regardless of whether it is a low molecule or a high molecule.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a versatile system capable of efficiently transporting drugs to endolysosomes and allowing lysosomal enzymes to function at low concentrations. It aims at providing such a system.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide a system for delivering an active substance (for example, an inhibitor) against an enzyme in a cell membrane, such as a kinase, using the above system for efficiently transporting a drug to an endolysosome. To do.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an anticancer agent using such a system.
- Non-patent document 2 describes a complex of a phospholipid and a sugar chain having a sialic acid residue on the surface of metal nanoparticles.
- the complex is administered to the tail blood vessel of a mouse, and the complex initially spreads throughout the body and then collects in a specific organ.
- this document does not discuss the uptake of this complex in highly active cells such as cancer cells.
- a complex comprising a nanoparticle, a lysosomal enzyme inhibitor or kinase inhibitor represented by the following general formula (A) supported on the surface of the nanoparticle, and a phospholipid mimic substance represented by the following general formula (B).
- n1 is an integer of 2 ⁇ 30, n2 is an integer of 2 ⁇ 30, -S- terminal is nanoparticles supported site, R 10 is a suicide substrate site or kinase inhibitory site .
- n3 is an integer in the range of 2 to 30, and the -S-terminal is the nanoparticle-supported site.
- n1 is an integer of 2 to 30, n2 is an integer of 2 to 30, and the —S-terminal is a nanoparticle-supporting site.
- the total of n1 and n2 is n3 or more, and the complex according to [1] or [2].
- the suicide substrate site is At least selected from the group consisting of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue, N-acetyl-D-gugalactosamine residue, galactose residue, glucose residue, fucose residue, mannose residue, and sialic acid residue
- the complex according to [4] having one sugar residue and at least one reactive group selected from the group consisting of a difluoromethylaryl group and a trifluoromethylaryl group.
- the suicide substrate site is a complex according to [4], which contains the following functional group.
- R is an N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue, an N-acetyl-D-gugalactosamine residue, a galactose residue, a glucose residue, a fucose residue, a mannose residue, and a sialic acid residue, (At least one sugar residue selected from the group consisting of LK and LK is a linker.)
- the molar ratio of the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) and the phospholipid mimetic represented by the general formula (B) is in the range of 1: 100 to 10: 1, [1] to [1] 0
- Any of [2] to [1] 1, wherein the molar ratio of the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) to the substance represented by the general formula (A ′) is in the range of 1: 100 to 100: 0.
- the metal nanoparticles are at least one kind of particles selected from the group consisting of gold nanoparticles, platinum nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, and iron magnetic nanoparticles.
- the semiconductor nanoparticles are quantum dots.
- the nanoparticles have a particle diameter in the range of 0.1 to 100 nm.
- An anticancer agent comprising the complex according to any one of [16] as an active ingredient.
- [19] [1] A method for producing a composite according to any one of 16 to 16, The inhibitor cross-linking precursor X represented by the following general formula (C) and the phospholipid pseudo-substance precursor represented by the following general formula (D) and colloidal nanoparticles are mixed, and the inhibitor cross-linking is performed on the surface of the nanoparticles.
- a surface-modified nanoparticle carrying the precursor X and a phospholipid mimetic (1) The resulting surface-modified nanoparticles are mixed with lysosomal enzyme inhibitor precursor Y or kinase inhibitor precursor Z and linked with inhibitor cross-linking precursor X to give a lysosomal enzyme inhibitor represented by the following general formula (A) Or form a kinase inhibitor,
- the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor precursor Y includes a suicide substrate site containing a group having reactivity with the active center of the lysosomal enzyme (hereinafter, reactive group)
- the kinase inhibitor precursor Z comprises a kinase inhibitory site comprising a group reactive with the kinase,
- n1 is an integer of 2 to 30, and n2 is an integer of 2 to 30.
- n3 is an integer in the range of 2 to 30.
- n1 is an integer of 2 ⁇ 30, n2 is an integer of 2 ⁇ 30, -S- terminal is nanoparticles supported site, R 10 is a suicide substrate site or kinase inhibitory site .
- the present invention for example, it is possible to specifically inactivate intracellular lysosomal enzymes or intracellular kinases, and as a result, an antitumor effect exhibiting an antitumor effect at an order of magnitude lower than conventional antitumor drugs.
- a tumor agent can be provided, and an extremely effective anti-tumor drug candidate can be created.
- Example 1 it was confirmed by MALD-TOFMS that the compound was presented on the nanoparticle surface.
- the intracellular behavior of fluorescent nanoparticles (10 nM) presenting Compound 7 in cancer cells is shown.
- (A) Intracellular dynamics (Scale bar size 50 ⁇ m) after the start of culture of fluorescent nanoparticle breast cancer cells (MCF7) (1 to 8 hours).
- the intracellular behavior of fluorescent nanoparticles (10 nM) presenting Compound 7 in cancer cells is shown.
- (B) Intracellular distribution of QD-anchored inhibitor 7 (fluorescent nanoparticle carrying compound 7) 2 hours (top) and 8 hours (bottom) after the start of culture (Scale bar size 50 ⁇ m).
- Example 2 it was confirmed by MALDI-TOFMS that the compound was presented on the nanoparticle surface.
- the intracellular behavior a of the fluorescent nanoparticle (10 nM) presenting Compound 15 is shown.
- Intracellular moving body (Scale bar size 50 ⁇ m) after the start of culture of fluorescent nanoparticle breast cancer cells (MCF-7) (1 to 8 hours).
- the result of the breast cancer cell killing effect of the fluorescent nanoparticle (100 nM QD-anchored 15) which presented the compound 15 is shown.
- A The survival rate of MCF-7 cells after 96 hours of culturing in the presence of fluorescent nanoparticles presenting compound 15 and various test drugs used for comparison was quantified by MTT assay.
- the survival rate of MCF-7 cells after 96 hours of culturing in the presence of fluorescent nanoparticles presenting compound 20 and various test drugs used for comparison was quantified by MTT assay.
- Behavior of fluorescent nanoparticle (10 nM) loaded with compound 7 in cancer cells (HepG2 cells): after initiation of co-culture of phospholipid-coated fluorescent nanoparticles loaded with inhibitor and liver cancer cells (HepG2) (1-8) Intracellular behavior in time) (Scale bar size 50 mm).
- the viability of HepG2 cells after 96 hours of culturing in the presence of the various test agents used in the above was quantified by Cell viability assay (MTT method).
- Hepatocellular carcinoma killing effect of fluorescent nanoparticle (1-100 nM QD-anchored 7) carrying compound 7 after 96 hours in the presence of fluorescent nanoparticle carrying compound 7 and various test drugs used for comparison
- the survival rate of HepG2 cells was quantified by Cell viability assay.
- the survival rate of cancer cells after culturing for 48 hours with HepG2 cells alone and nanoparticle alone was quantified by MTT method.
- the present invention includes a composite comprising a nanoparticle, a lysosomal enzyme inhibitor or kinase inhibitor represented by the following general formula (A) supported on the surface of the nanoparticle, and a phospholipid mimic substance represented by the following general formula (B) About the body.
- n1 is an integer of 2 ⁇ 30, n2 is an integer of 2 ⁇ 30, -S- terminal is nanoparticles supported site, R 10 is a suicide substrate site or kinase inhibitory site .
- n3 is an integer in the range of 2 to 30, and the -S-terminal is the nanoparticle-supported site.
- the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor includes a suicide substrate site containing a group (reactive group) reactive with the active center of the lysosomal enzyme.
- the suicide substrate site contains a sugar residue that can be a substrate for the lysosomal enzyme and a reactive group for the lysosomal enzyme for enzyme inactivation.
- the sugar residue can be appropriately selected according to the substrate specificity of the lysosomal enzyme to be inactivated, for example, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue, N-acetyl-D-gugalactosamine residue, galactose It is at least one sugar residue selected from the group consisting of a residue, a glucose residue, a fucose residue, and a mannose residue sialic acid residue.
- the sugar residue is preferably an N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue and / or a galactose residue in view of the substrate specificity of the lysosomal enzyme.
- a plurality of sugar residues may be used for one composite particle, and in that case, a single or a plurality of types of sugar residues may be present in one composite particle. Further, one or more types of sugar residues may exist in one complex particle, and the same or different single or multiple types of sugar residues may exist in different complex particles that coexist. .
- the reactive group may be any reactive group having reactivity with the reaction center of the enzyme.
- the reactive group having reactivity with the reaction center of the enzyme include a difluoromethylaryl group and a trifluoromethylaryl group. It can be at least one reactive group selected from the group consisting of: The reactivity with the reaction center of the enzyme may be reversible or irreversible.
- Biochemistry, 2005, 44, 11669-11675 can refer to the fact that the difluoromethylaryl group is a reactive group having reactivity with the reaction center of the enzyme.
- the suicide substrate in which the reactive group is a difluoromethylaryl group can be, for example, a group represented by the following general formula (E). In the formula, R is a sugar residue, and F is a fluorine atom.
- the general formula (E) can further be the general formula (E ′) having a linker LK.
- R is a sugar residue
- F is a fluorine atom.
- the linker LK is not particularly limited as long as it is a group capable of cross-linking between an aryl group having a sugar residue and a chain portion.
- it can be a linker containing an alkylene group shown below.
- the left end is the binding site with the aryl group
- the right end is the binding site with the chain site
- the alkylene group in the linker LK can have, for example, a range of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and an amide group which is a binding site with the leftmost aryl group and / or an imino group which is a binding site with the rightmost chain site Each may be another linking group.
- the suicide substrate site can be, for example, a site containing any functional group represented by the following formula.
- the kinase inhibition site includes a group reactive with a kinase, preferably a group reactive with a kinase in a cell membrane.
- a kinase inhibition site can be, for example, a site represented by the following formula.
- LK represents a linker
- R 1 is an electron-withdrawing group.
- the electron-withdrawing group include a halogen atom (fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine), a nitro group, a cyano group, a tosyl group, an acyl group, and the like.
- This kinase inhibition site includes the following sorafenib.
- part can be mentioned as a specific example of the site
- Kinases are a family of enzymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of specific residues in proteins. In general, kinases are divided into three groups. Those that preferentially phosphorylate serine and / or threonine residues, those that preferentially phosphorylate tyrosine residues, and those that phosphorylate both tyrosine and serine / threonine residues. Kinases are considered to be important elements in signal transduction pathways to transmit extracellular signals, including cytokine activation at the receptor, to the nucleus and trigger various biological events.
- inhibitors for tyrosine kinase activity include gefitinib, erlotinib, cetuximab, panitumumab and the like.
- Sorafenib is known as a drug that inhibits tyrosine kinase, Raf kinase (a kind of serine / threonine kinase deeply involved in cell proliferation signal).
- the suicide substrate site possessed by the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) or the kinase inhibiting site possessed by the kinase inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) is immobilized on the surface of the nanoparticle. It presents a suicide substrate site or a kinase inhibition site on the surface of the nanoparticle.
- “presentation” of a suicide substrate site or kinase inhibition site means immobilization of a suicide substrate site or kinase inhibition site on the surface of the nanoparticle.
- n1 and n2 in the formula are integer in the range of 2 to 30, preferably 5 to 16, and more preferably 4 to 15.
- n2 is an integer in the range of 2 to 30, preferably 5 to 20, and more preferably 7 to 15.
- n3 is an integer in the range of 2 to 30, preferably 5 to 20, and more preferably 7 to 15.
- the amount of the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor or kinase inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) and the phospholipid mimetic represented by the general formula (B) with respect to one nanoparticle depends on the metal element (reaction point) on the surface of the nanoparticle. ) Is preferably 80% or more. It can be determined appropriately in consideration of the function of inhibiting the aggregation of the complex of the present invention and the function of taking it into cells by edesis.
- the supported amount is more preferably an amount that can cover all reaction points on the surface of the nanoparticles.
- the ratio of the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor or kinase inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) to the phospholipid mimetic represented by the general formula (B) is determined by the inactivation of lysosomal enzyme in the cell.
- the molar ratio can be in the range of 1: 100 to 10: 1, preferably Is in the range of 1:10 to 1: 1.
- the complex of the present invention has the following general formula (A).
- the substance represented by ') can be further supported.
- the substance represented by the general formula (A ′) is derived from the precursor X for crosslinking of the enzyme inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) described later.
- n1 is an integer of 2 to 30
- n2 is an integer of 2 to 30
- the —S-terminal is a nanoparticle-supporting site.
- the general formula (A ′) can further carry a physiologically active substance such as a sugar chain or an antibody, if desired.
- the molar ratio of the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor or kinase inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) to the substance represented by the general formula (A ′) can be in the range of 1: 100 to 100: 0. It can be in the range of ⁇ 100: 10.
- the nanoparticles can be metal nanoparticles or semiconductor nanoparticles.
- the material of the metal nanoparticles is not particularly limited, but can be gold, platinum, silver, iron magnetic material.
- the metal nanoparticles are gold nanoparticles, platinum nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles are iron magnetic materials. It can be a nanoparticle.
- the metal nanoparticles are preferably gold nanoparticles, platinum nanoparticles, and silver nanoparticles from the viewpoint of safety with respect to the living body.
- the semiconductor nanoparticles can also be quantum dots.
- a quantum dot is a small lump of about 10 to several nm in which several hundred to several thousand semiconductor atoms are gathered, and is a fluorescent nanoparticle.
- the wavelength (color) of fluorescence emitted varies depending on the particle diameter.
- Nanoparticles can have a particle size in the range of 0.1 to 100 nm, preferably in the range of 1 to 50 nm, more preferably in the range of 5 to 20 nm, and still more preferably in the range of 5 to 15 nm.
- the complex of the present invention can be schematically represented by, for example, the following general formula (10).
- the substituted phenyl group on the terminal side from the linker LK in the formula is an example of a lysosomal enzyme inhibitor, and in the case of a kinase inhibitor, a kinase inhibitor site group exists on the terminal side from LK (described later).
- at least one lysosomal enzyme inhibitor or kinase inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) and at least one phospholipid mimetic represented by the general formula (B) are supported on the nanoparticle NP. ing.
- R is a sugar residue
- F is a fluorine atom
- NP is a nanoparticle.
- LK is a linker between an aryl group having a sugar residue and a chain moiety linked to the nanoparticle NP.
- the linker LK is not particularly limited as long as it is a group capable of cross-linking between an aryl group having a sugar residue and a chain portion.
- it can be a linker containing an alkylene group shown below.
- the left end is the binding site with the aryl group
- the right end is the binding site with the chain site
- the alkylene group in the linker LK can have, for example, a range of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and an amide group which is a binding site with the leftmost aryl group and / or an imino group which is a binding site with the rightmost chain site
- Each may be another linking group.
- the complex that can be schematically represented by the general formula (10) can be schematically described by the following general formula (20) that embodies LK. R, F, and NP are the same as those in the general formula (10).
- the actual complex schematically represented by the general formula (20) includes at least one lysosomal enzyme inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) and at least one phospholipid mimetic represented by the general formula (B).
- the nanoparticle NP is supported.
- a complex having a kinase inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) can be schematically described by the following general formula (30).
- R 1 is an electron-withdrawing group, and examples of the electron-withdrawing group include a halogen atom (for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine). , Iodine) or a nitro group, a cyano group, a tosyl group, an acyl group, and the like, F is a fluorine atom, and QD is a colloidal quantum dot which is one kind of nanoparticles.
- LK is a linker between the amide group side and the chain portion linked to QD.
- the linker LK is not particularly limited as long as it is a group capable of crosslinking between the amide group side and the chain portion. For example, it can be a linker containing an alkylene group.
- the complex that can be schematically shown by the general formula (30) can be schematically described by the following formula (40) that embodies LK and R 1 .
- F and QD are the same as those in the general formula (30).
- the complex represented by the formula (40) is actually a nanoparticle comprising at least one or more of the kinase inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) and the phospholipid mimetic represented by the general formula (B). Supported on the QD.
- Method for producing composite> The present invention includes a method for producing the complex of the present invention.
- the inhibitor cross-linking precursor X represented by the following general formula (C) and the phospholipid pseudo-substance precursor represented by the following general formula (D) and colloidal nanoparticles are mixed, and the inhibitor cross-linking is performed on the surface of the nanoparticles.
- n1 is an integer of 2 to 30, and n2 is an integer of 2 to 30.
- n3 is an integer in the range of 2 to 30.
- n1 is an integer of 2 ⁇ 30, n2 is an integer of 2 ⁇ 30, -S- terminal is nanoparticles supported site, R 10 is a suicide substrate site or kinase inhibitory site .
- Inhibitor cross-linking precursor X represented by general formula (C) and phospholipid pseudo-substance precursor represented by general formula (D) and colloidal nanoparticles are mixed to form an inhibitor cross-linking precursor on the surface of the nanoparticles. This is a step of obtaining surface-modified nanoparticles by supporting X and a phospholipid mimetic substance.
- General formula (C) is the same as the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor or kinase inhibitor represented by general formula (A) except that it does not have a suicide substrate site or kinase inhibitory site and the terminal is an SH group.
- n1 is an integer in the range of 2 to 30, preferably 5 to 20, and more preferably 7 to 15.
- n2 is an integer in the range of 2 to 30, preferably 5 to 20, and more preferably 7 to 15.
- General formula (D) is the same as the phospholipid mimetic represented by general formula (B) except that the terminal is an SH group.
- n3 is an integer in the range of 2 to 30, preferably 5 to 20, and more preferably 7 to 15.
- the inhibitor cross-linking precursor X represented by the general formula (C) and the phospholipid pseudo-substance precursor represented by the general formula (D) are both commercially available, and the reference (T. Ohyanagi, et.al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 12507-12517).
- the mixing ratio of the inhibitor cross-linking precursor X represented by the general formula (C), the phospholipid mimetic precursor represented by the general formula (D), and the nanoparticles is the inhibitor cross-linking precursor represented by the general formula (C). It can be determined as appropriate in consideration of the desired loading amount of the phospholipid pseudo-substance precursor represented by X and the general formula (D) with respect to the nanoparticles.
- Example 1 The step (1) of Example 1 is shown below for reference.
- the inhibitor crosslinking precursor X represented by the general formula (C) shown in the following scheme n1 is 6, n2 is 9, and n3 of the phospholipid mimetic precursor represented by the general formula (D) is 9 It is.
- the molar ratio AO / PC of aminooxy linker (AO) to phosphorylcholine linker (PC) is 1/2.
- AO / PC is 1/2 in Example 2, 1/4 in Example 3, and 1/16 in Example 5.
- the molar ratio AO / PC is the ratio of the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor or kinase inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) to the phospholipid mimetic represented by the general formula (B) in the complex of the present invention.
- the molar ratio can be in the range of 1: 100 to 10: 1, and preferably in the range of 1:10 to 1: 1, so that the ratio according to this can be achieved.
- Nanoparticles are the same as described in the composite.
- colloidal quantum dots QDs (QD: Quantum Dot)
- QDs QD: Quantum Dot
- Colloidal quantum dots have a protective group on the surface of luminescent semiconductor nanoparticles having a diameter in the range of, for example, 1 to 20 nm.
- the colloidal quantum dots shown in the above scheme have a trialkyl phosphate group on the surface.
- colloidal metal nanoparticles can be used as a raw material.
- Colloidal quantum dots and colloidal metal nanoparticles are commercially available.
- the inhibitor cross-linking precursor X represented by the general formula (C) and the phospholipid mimetic precursor represented by the general formula (D) are thiol (SH) as a functional group bonded to the nanoparticle surface of the colloidal nanoparticle. Has a group.
- the colloidal nanoparticles, the inhibitor crosslinking precursor X, and the phospholipid mimetic precursor are dispersed in, for example, a solvent, and two types of phospholipid mimics are supported on the surface of the nanoparticle.
- a mixed solvent of hexane and water is used as a solvent, and the reaction is performed at room temperature (for example, 15 to 25 ° C.).
- the solvent to be used can be appropriately determined according to the type of colloidal nanoparticles, the inhibitor crosslinking precursor X, and the type of phospholipid mimetic precursor.
- the concentration and reaction time in the solvent of the colloidal nanoparticles, the inhibitor crosslinking precursor X, and the phospholipid mimetic precursor can also be appropriately determined according to the desired surface-modified nanoparticles.
- a general method for supporting the colloidal nanoparticles is known, and can be carried out, for example, with reference to the methods described in the following references A and B.
- Step (2) The surface-modified nanoparticles obtained in the step (1) are mixed with the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor precursor Y or the kinase inhibitor precursor Z and linked with the inhibitor crosslinking precursor X, which is represented by the general formula (A). It is a step of forming a lysosomal enzyme inhibitor or a kinase inhibitor to obtain the complex of the present invention.
- Example 1 The step (2) of Example 1 is shown below for reference.
- the compound 7 synthesized in Example 1 is used as the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor precursor Y.
- the surface-modified nanoparticles obtained in step (1) are mixed with lysosomal enzyme inhibitor precursor Y and linked with inhibitor crosslinking precursor X to form a lysosomal enzyme inhibitor represented by general formula (A).
- the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor precursor Y includes a suicide substrate site containing a group (reactive group) reactive with the active center of the lysosomal enzyme.
- the explanation regarding the complex can be referred to.
- Examples of the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor precursor Y include compounds represented by the following formulas (7), (15), and (20). However, it is not the intention limited to these.
- the compound (7) is used as the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor precursor Y and reacts with the oxyamino group derived from the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor precursor X represented by the general formula (C) on the surface of the surface-modified nanoparticles.
- a lysosomal enzyme inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) is formed.
- the surface-modified nanoparticles obtained in step (1) are mixed with a kinase inhibitor precursor Z and linked with an inhibitor crosslinking precursor X to form a kinase inhibitor represented by the general formula (A).
- the complex of the present invention is obtained.
- Kinase inhibitor precursor Z contains a kinase inhibition site. For the kinase inhibition site, the explanation regarding the complex can be referred to.
- kinase inhibitor precursor Z the compound shown by following formula (32) can be mentioned, for example. However, it is not the intention limited to this.
- the compound (32) is used as the kinase inhibitor precursor Z, which reacts with the oxyamino group derived from the inhibitor crosslinking precursor X represented by the general formula (C) on the surface of the surface-modified nanoparticles.
- a kinase inhibitor represented by the general formula (A) is used as the kinase inhibitor precursor Z, which reacts with the oxyamino group derived from the inhibitor crosslinking precursor X represented by the general formula (C) on the surface of the surface-modified nanoparticles.
- the compound represented by the formula (32) and a similar kinase inhibitor precursor Z can be prepared from known raw material compounds with reference to the synthesis scheme of Example 5A.
- the reaction product can be separated and produced by a known method.
- the substance that did not react with the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor precursor Y or the kinase inhibitor precursor Z forms a complex while being supported on the nanoparticle surface as a substance represented by the general formula (A ′).
- the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor precursor precursor in step (2) taking into account the type of lysosomal enzyme inhibitor Y, the desired loading in the complex of lysosomal enzyme inhibitor represented by formula (A), reaction conditions, etc.
- the amount of Y used is appropriately selected.
- the present invention includes an anticancer agent containing the complex as an active ingredient.
- the anticancer agent of the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or / and treating cancer (cancer, malignant tumor) containing the above complex as an active ingredient, and optionally further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- the cancer is not limited as long as it is caused by cancer cells whose efficiency of incorporation of the complex of the present invention is orders of magnitude higher than that of normal cells.
- breast cancer, prostate cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, colon Examples include cancer, ovarian cancer, kidney cancer, lung cancer, and brain tumor.
- Breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and brain tumor are preferable.
- lysosomal enzymes exist in lysosomes, which are one of the organelles, and play a role in degrading intracellular substrates such as complex carbohydrates and lipids. Lysosomal enzymes include a large number of glycolytic enzymes. Highly active cells such as cancer cells (tumor cells) have an order of magnitude higher uptake of the complex of the present invention than normal cells, and as a result, highly active cells have lysosomal enzyme inhibitors. The complex is selectively taken up and inactivates lysosomal enzymes (eg, glycolytic enzymes). Inhibition of lysosomal enzyme activity leads to cell death, so that a drug containing the complex of the present invention as an active ingredient is effective as an anticancer drug.
- lysosomal enzymes eg, glycolytic enzymes
- kinases are a typical example of such enzymes and contribute to phosphorylation of various substances.
- highly active cells such as cancer cells (tumor cells) have an order of magnitude higher uptake of the complex of the present invention than normal cells.
- the complex with the agent is selectively taken up and inactivates the kinase. Since inhibition of kinase activity leads to cell death, a drug containing the complex of the present invention as an active ingredient is effective as an anticancer drug.
- the anticancer agent of the present invention can be formulated by methods known to those skilled in the art using the complex as an active ingredient.
- it can be used parenterally in the form of a sterile solution with water or other pharmaceutically acceptable liquid, or an injection of suspension.
- a pharmacologically acceptable carrier or medium specifically, sterile water or physiological saline, vegetable oil, emulsifier, suspension, surfactant, stabilizer, flavoring agent, excipient, vehicle, preservative
- a pharmaceutical preparation by combining with a binder or the like as appropriate and mixing in a unit dosage form generally required for pharmaceutical practice. The amount of active ingredient in these preparations is such that an appropriate dose within the indicated range can be obtained.
- a sterile composition for injection can be formulated in accordance with normal pharmaceutical practice using a vehicle such as distilled water for injection.
- a vehicle such as distilled water for injection.
- the aqueous solution for injection include isotonic solutions containing physiological saline, glucose and other adjuvants such as D-sorbitol, D-mannose, D-mannitol, and sodium chloride, and suitable solubilizers such as You may use together with alcohol, specifically ethanol, polyalcohol, for example, propylene glycol, polyethyleneglycol, nonionic surfactant, for example, polysorbate 80 (TM), HCO-60.
- alcohol specifically ethanol, polyalcohol, for example, propylene glycol, polyethyleneglycol, nonionic surfactant, for example, polysorbate 80 (TM), HCO-60.
- oily liquid examples include sesame oil and soybean oil, which may be used in combination with benzyl benzoate or benzyl alcohol as a solubilizing agent.
- buffer for example, phosphate buffer, sodium acetate buffer, a soothing agent, for example, procaine hydrochloride, stabilizer, for example, benzyl alcohol, phenol, antioxidant.
- the prepared injection solution is usually filled into a suitable ampoule. Liposomes can also be used to encapsulate the drug for cell delivery.
- Administration is oral or parenteral, preferably parenteral administration. Specific examples include injection, nasal administration, pulmonary administration, and transdermal administration. As an example of the injection form, it can be administered systemically or locally by, for example, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, intraperitoneal injection, subcutaneous injection, or the like.
- the dose and administration method of the complex of the present invention can be appropriately selected depending on the patient's annual salary, weight, sex, nature or severity of symptoms to be treated, and the like.
- the dosage of the pharmaceutical composition containing the present antibody can be selected, for example, in the range of 0.0001 mg to 1,000 mg per kg of body weight per time. Alternatively, the dose can be selected within the range of 0.01 to 100,000 mg / body per patient, but is not necessarily limited to these values.
- the dose and administration method vary depending on the patient's age, weight, sex, symptom, and the like, but can be appropriately selected by a person concerned.
- Step of synthesizing compound 7 (i) AcCl (20 eq.), R. t. 48h, 68%, (ii) 5-Nitro salicylaldehyde (3 eq.), Ag 2 O (1.3 eq.), MeCN, 35 ° C., 53%, (iii) DAST (5 eq.), CH 2 Cl 2 , r. t. 24h, 48%, (iv) Pd / C (10 w%), H 2 gas, r. t. , 0.5 h, quant, (v) 5-oxohexanoic acid (5 eq.), DIC (5 eq.), THF, r. t. 7h, 88%, (vi) NaOMe (0.1 eq.), MeOH, r. t. , 0.5h, quant.
- Compound 7 was synthesized using N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine as a starting material.
- Compound 3 was obtained ⁇ -selectively by a glycosyl reaction of reactive sugar donor 2 and 5-nitrosalicyclicdehydride, and then converted to compound 4 by conversion of the aldehyde group of 3 to a difluoromethyl group by dietylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST).
- DAST dietylaminosulfur trifluoride
- 5 obtained by reduction of the nitro group of compound 4 and 5-oxohexanoic acid are condensed in the presence of N, N′-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC) to derive compound 6, and the following target is obtained by deacetylation.
- DIC N′-diisopropylcarbodiimide
- Compound 7 was presented (immobilized) to fluorescent nanoparticles (quantum dots, Invitrogen Qdot (R) 655) according to the methods described in References 2 and 3.
- aminooxy linker (10 mM, 10 ⁇ l / MeOH), phosphorylcholine linker (100 mM, 4 ⁇ l / MeOH), NaBH 4 (1 ⁇ l, 12 wt% in 14N NaOH) and milli Q (50 ⁇ l), which have been activated by deprotection in advance, are added.
- YM50 After purification by ultrafiltration (YM50), it was subjected to reaction with compound 7.
- the cells were stained with the following method and then observed with a fluorescence microscope. After removing the medium, the cells were washed three times with Opti-MEM, LysoTracker® Green DND-26 (200 ⁇ l, 5 nM / Opti-MEM) was added, and the cells were incubated at 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 for 30 minutes.
- Lysosomes were stained. After that, Hoechst (2 ⁇ l, 0.1 ng / ⁇ l / Opti-MEM) was added and incubated at 37 ° C. in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere for 15 minutes to stain the nucleus, and then washed with Opti-MEM three times for imaging. Performed (FIG. 2).
- Fluorescent nanoparticles presenting compound 7 were rapidly taken up by breast cancer cells and were present in lysosomes after 1 hour (FIGS. 2a-1h), but after 2 hours, nanoparticles that had already escaped from lysosomes were observed. (FIGS. 2a-2h). In 4 to 8 hours, most of the nanoparticles are dispersed in the cells (FIGS. 2a-4h and 8h). At 4 to 8 hours later, the decrease in the area stained with LysoTracker R Green DND-26 was remarkable. On the other hand, almost all of the fluorescent nanoparticles (QD control) not carrying the compound 7 used for comparison remained trapped in the lysosome after 8 hours (FIGS. 2a-8h, bottom). In addition, lysosomes are hardly detected in the floating dead cells scattered in FIG. 2b (2 and 8 hours after the start of culture).
- the cells were washed 3 times with medium components, 10 ⁇ l of cell culture solution was collected, Cell Counting Kit-8 solution (Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan) was added, and 37 ° C., 5% CO 2 atmosphere. The cell viability was quantified by incubating for 5 hours and measuring the absorbance at 450 nm.
- FIG. 3 shows the results of the breast cancer cell killing effect of fluorescent nanoparticles (100 nM QD-anchored 7) presenting compound 7.
- A The survival rate of MCF7 cells after culturing for 96 hours in the presence of fluorescent nanoparticles presenting Compound 7 and various test drugs used for comparison was quantified by the MTA method.
- the cells were stained with the following method and then observed with a fluorescence microscope. After removing the culture medium, the cells were washed 3 times with Opti-MEM, then Hoechest (200 ⁇ l, 0.001 ng / ⁇ l / Opti-MEM) was added, and the cells were incubated at 37 ° C. in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere for 15 minutes. After staining, imaging was performed by washing with Opti-MEM three times (FIG. 3d).
- the nanoparticle presenting the NAG suicide substrate is released from the lysosome by destroying or permeating the lysosomal membrane by forming a covalent bond with NAG present in the lysosome.
- Step of synthesizing compound 15 (i) Ac 2 O (10 eq.), R. t. 48h, (ii) 30% HBr / AcOH (5.0 eq.), R. t. , 0.5 h, (iii) 5-Nitrosalicylidedeide (3 eq.), Ag 2 O (1.3 eq.), MeCN, r. t. , Three step yield 96%, (iv) DAST (3 eq.), CH 2 Cl 2 , r. t. , 18h, 72%, (v) Pd / C (10 w%), H 2 gas, r. t.
- Compound 15 which is a precursor of the suicide substrate site was synthesized with reference to Document 1 using Galactose as a starting material.
- Compound 11 was selectively obtained by a glycosylation reaction between reactive sugar donor 10 and 5-nitrosalicyclicdehydride, and then converted to compound 12 by conversion of the aldehyde group of 11 to a difluoromethyl group with dietylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST).
- DAST dietylaminosulfur trifluoride
- 13 obtained by reduction of the nitro group of Compound 12 and 5-oxohexanoic acid are condensed in the presence of 1-Ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbohydrate Hydrochloride (EDC) to induce Compound 14 to be removed.
- EDC 1-Ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbohydrate Hydrochloride
- Fluorescent nanoparticles according to the method described compound 15 in references 2 and 3 presented to (quantum dots, Invitrogen Qdot (R) 655) .
- FIG. 5 shows that the fluorescent nanoparticle presenting the compound 15 is taken into the cell.
- the cells were washed 3 times with the medium components, and 10 ⁇ l of Cell Counting Kit-8 (Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan) was added to the cell culture solution, and 1.5 ° C in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere at 37 ° C. Cell viability was quantified by incubating for an hour and measuring absorbance at 450 nm.
- Cell Counting Kit-8 (Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan) was added to the cell culture solution, and 1.5 ° C in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere at 37 ° C. Cell viability was quantified by incubating for an hour and measuring absorbance at 450 nm.
- FIG. 6 shows the results of the breast cancer cell killing effect of the fluorescent nanoparticles (100 nM QD-anchored 15) presenting compound 15.
- A The survival rate of MCF-7 cells after 96 hours of culturing in the presence of fluorescent nanoparticles presenting compound 15 and various test drugs used for comparison was quantified by MTT assay.
- Fluorescent nanoparticles (100 nM QD-anchored 15) presenting compound 15 significantly inhibited the growth of breast cancer cell MCF-7, and after 100 hours of culture, the viability was about 20% and 100 mM cisplatin (100 nM QD-anchored 15 It exhibited a strong anticancer effect far exceeding the 1000-fold dose) (FIG. 6a).
- dead cells that changed shape and floated were observed only in an experimental system seeded with 100 nM QD-anchored 15 and 100 ⁇ M cisplatin (FIG. 6 b).
- Step of synthesizing compound 20 (i) 1) AcCl, r. t. 48h, 2) 5-Nitrosalicylaldehyde (1.5 eq.), DIEA (1.5 eq.), MeCN, r. t. , Tow step yield 77%, (ii) DAST (2.5 eq.), CH 2 Cl 2 , r. t. , 15h, 77%, (iii) 1) Zn (40 eq.), AcOH, r. t. , 0.5 h, 2) 5-oxohexanoic acid (1.5 eq.), EDC (1.5 eq.), HOBt (1.5 eq.), MeCN, r. t. 20h, 75%, (iv) 1) NaOMe (cat.), MeOH, r. t. , 8h,. 2) NaOH (2.0 eq.), H 2 O, 0 ° C., 1H
- Compound 20 was synthesized using Sialic acid as a starting material.
- Compound 16 is converted into a sugar reaction donor by halogenation of compound 16, and compound 17 is selectively obtained by glycosylation with 5-nitrosalicylidedehyde, and then conversion of 17 aldehyde groups to difluoromethyl groups by dietylamino sulfur trifluoride (DAST).
- DAST dietylamino sulfur trifluoride
- DAST dietylamino sulfur trifluoride
- EDC 1-Ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbohydrate Hydrochloride
- the target compound 20 shown below was efficiently prepared by demethylation reaction.
- Compound 20 was presented to fluorescent nanoparticles (quantum dots, Invitrogen Qdot R655) according to the methods described in References 1 and 2.
- aminooxy linker (10 mM, 10 ⁇ l / MeOH), phosphorylcholine linker (100 mM, 4 ⁇ l / MeOH), NaBH 4 (1 ⁇ l, 12 wt% in 14 N NaOH), and milli Q (50 ⁇ l), which had been activated by deprotection in advance.
- YM50 After purification by ultrafiltration (YM50), reaction with compound 20 was performed.
- FIG. 8 shows that the fluorescent nanoparticle presenting the compound 20 is taken into the cell.
- the cells were washed 3 times with the medium components, and 10 ⁇ l of Cell Counting Kit-8 (Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan) was added to the cell culture solution, and 1.5 ° C in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere at 37 ° C. Cell viability was quantified by incubating for an hour and measuring absorbance at 450 nm.
- Cell Counting Kit-8 (Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan) was added to the cell culture solution, and 1.5 ° C in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere at 37 ° C. Cell viability was quantified by incubating for an hour and measuring absorbance at 450 nm.
- FIG. 9 Breast cancer cell killing effect of fluorescent nanoparticle (100 nM QD-anchored 15) presenting compound 20: MCF-7 after 96 hours culture in the presence of fluorescent nanoparticle presenting compound 20 and various test agents used for comparison Cell viability was quantified by MTT assay. A significant difference in growth inhibition of breast cancer cell MCF-7 by the fluorescent nanoparticle (100 nM QD-anchored 20) presenting compound 20 could not be confirmed. Compound 20 exhibited suicide substrate activity in this system, albeit weakly.
- Example 4 Effect of nanoparticle carrying lysosomal enzyme inhibitor on hepatocellular carcinoma
- the phospholipid-coated fluorescent nanoparticles (red) have already partially escaped from the lysosome 1 hour after the start of co-culture with cancer cells. After 8 hours, most of them do not localize in lysosomes and appear to move freely in the cytoplasm. Phospholipid-coated nanoparticles that do not carry inhibitors remain localized in lysosomes without moving through the cytoplasm regardless of the type of cancer cell (RS Tan, et al., ACS Chem. Biol. 2015, 10, 2073-2086) has already been reported.
- Compounds 7, 15, and 20 are irreversible inhibitors of hexosaminidase, galactosidase, and sialidase, respectively, and are expected to induce conformational changes around the active center of the target enzyme during the inhibition reaction. .
- all of these glycolytic enzymes distributed in lysosomes are thought to contribute strongly to the stabilization of lysosomal membranes, and significant changes in the structure and physical properties of lysosomal membranes due to inhibition of these enzymes (membrane damage) As a result of this, the nanoparticle seems to have leaked into the cytoplasm.
- the fluorescent nanoparticles (100 nM) carrying compounds 7 and 15 significantly inhibited the growth of the liver cancer cell HepG2, and 15% and 96% of the living cells at 96 hours after co-culture, respectively, It was about 30%. Since no significant anti-tumor activity was observed for 5-FU (100 nM) used as a control drug in any of the experiments, fluorescent nanoparticles (100 nM) carrying compounds 7 and 15 were treated with 5-FU (100 nM). It can be judged that a powerful anticancer effect far surpassing that of) was exhibited (FIGS. 11A and 11B).
- the fluorescent nanoparticle (100 nM) carrying the compound 20 only exhibited a significantly weaker antitumor effect than the above two drugs under the same conditions. This is because 1) the expression level of sialidase in lysosome is considerably lower than that of galactosidase and hexosaminidase. 2) Since ⁇ -sialoside bond is more unstable under acidic conditions than other glycoside bonds, 3) Sialic acid (Neu5Ac) is synthesized by aldol reaction with ManNAc derived from GlcNAc as an intermediate in the hexosamine synthesis pathway as an intermediate.
- HepG2 cells (5 ⁇ 10 4 / 100ml / well) to 37 °C, QD-anchored 7 for each medium 90ml after incubation for 24 hours at 5% CO 2 atmosphere of or QD-anchored 15 (1-0.05mM , 10 ml / milliQ), QD control (1-0.05 mM, 10 ml / milliQ), 5-FU (1-0.01 mM, 10 ml / milliQ), respectively, to give final concentrations of 100, 50, 25, 10, and It adjusted so that it might become 5 nM.
- fluorescent nanoparticles (QD-anchored 7 and 15) carrying compounds 7 and 15 both inhibited the growth of liver cancer cell HepG2 in a concentration-dependent manner, and 96 hours after co-culture.
- IC 50 > 100 nM as a comparative control drug
- QD-anchored 7: IC 50 10.7 nM
- the IC 50 for each glucosidase in vitro of compounds 7, 15 and 20 is on the order of mM (references 1 to 3), so the results shown in FIG.
- the “specific (local) concentration effect of a molecular irreversible inhibitor into lysosomes” proves to be extremely effective.
- references References related to the synthesis method of compounds (glycolytic enzyme inhibitors by irreversible reaction mechanism) M.M. Ichikawa, et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2001, 11, 1769-1773. 2. M.M. Kurogochi, et al. , J .; Biol. Chem. 2004, 279, 44704-44712. 3. H. Hinou, et al. Biochemistry 2005, 44, 11669-11675. References related to the preparation and properties of phospholipid monolayer-coated quantum dots (biological membrane mimicking fluorescent nanoparticles) 4. T. T. et al. Ohyanagi, et al. , J .; Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 12057-12517. 5). R. S. Tan, et al. , ACS Chem. Biol. 2015, 10, 2073-2086.
- Example 5 Synthesis of phospholipid monolayer-coated fluorescent nanoparticles loaded with a kinase inhibitor (a novel sorafenib derivative) and antitumor effect against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 A: Synthesis of a novel sorafenib derivative (32) Sorafenib, a therapeutic agent for hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma, is mostly composed of serum albumin and a1-acidic protein in the blood of cancer patients due to its hydrophobic structure. It is clear that the uptake efficiency into cancer tissues (cancer cells) is extremely low.
- VEGFR2 co-crystal of sorafenib and kinase
- Compound 32 is a novel sorafenib derivative that can be supported on phospholipid monolayer-coated nanoparticles.
- the sorafenib basic structure 30 of Compound 32 is chlorinated at the meta position of Picolinic acid 25 with reference to the previous report (Hamock, BD et al., Bioorganic & Med. Chem. Lett. 2013, 23, 3732-3737).
- Compound 26 was prepared by the condensation reaction with 4-aminophenol by the condensation reaction with Compound 29 in the presence of bis (trichloromethyl) carbonate 28 as Compound 27 by the condensation reaction with 4-aminophenol.
- a functional linker precursor 24 derived from a commercially available starting material 21 was synthesized for the purpose of modification in the picolinic acid region of sorafenib.
- sorafenib derivative 30 and compound 24 are condensed in the presence of 1H-Benzotriazole-1-yloxytris (pyrrolidyne-1-yl) phosphonium / hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP) to finally give an isopropylidene ketal group.
- the desired compound 32 was efficiently synthesized by deprotection.
- the cells were washed three times with Opti-MEM, Lyso Tracker® Green DND-26 (200 ml, 5 nM / Opti-MEM) was added, and the cells were incubated at 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 for 30 minutes. The lysosomes were stained. Thereafter, Hoechest (2 ml, 0.1 ng / ml / Opti-MEM) was added, and the cells were further incubated for 15 minutes at 37 ° C. in an atmosphere of 5% CO 2 to stain the nucleus, and then washed three times with Opti-MEM for imaging. Performed (FIG. 14).
- the phospholipid-coated fluorescent nanoparticle (red) carrying the sorafenib derivative 32 remained in the lysosome even 24 hours after the start of co-culture with HepG2 cells. It was shown that. This result suggests that the kinase group targeted by sorafenib is not distributed in the lysosome but delocalized in the cancer cytoplasm, so the active substance (sorafenib derivative) is linked to the nanoparticle from the endolysosome. This suggests that the improvement of the effect of sorafenib as an anticancer agent cannot be expected if it remains immobilized.
- 2-D Antitumor effect of fluorescent nanoparticle carrying the sorafenib derivative 32 (hepatocellular carcinoma killing action)
- Cell viability assay of by dead cells Quantification: HepG2 cells (5 ⁇ 10 4 / 100ml / well) to 37 °C, 5% CO QD ( 1000 ⁇ 10nM 2 atmosphere against media respectively after incubation for 24 hours 90 ml, 10 ml / milli Q), QD-anchored 32 (1000 to 10 nM, 10 ml / milli Q), and sorafenib derivative 32 (10 ⁇ 10 7 to 10 nM, 10 ml / DMSO) added to a final concentration of 100 to 1 nM (however, the compound 32 was adjusted to be 1 ⁇ 10 6 to 1 nM) because it was estimated that the IC 50 value was at the mM level.
- the present invention is useful in the field related to anticancer agents.
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Abstract
Description
関連出願の相互参照
本出願は、2016年1月29日出願の日本特願2016−15760号の優先権を主張し、その全記載は、ここに特に開示として援用される。
さらに本発明は、薬剤を効率良くエンドリソソームに運搬する上記システムを利用して、細胞膜内の酵素、例えば、キナーゼ等に対する活性物質(例えば、阻害剤)を送達するシステムを提供することを目的とする。
加えて本発明は、このようなシステムを利用した抗ガン剤を提供することも目的とする。
[1]
ナノ粒子及び前記ナノ粒子の表面に担持された下記一般式(A)で示されるリソソーム酵素阻害剤又はキナーゼ阻害剤及び下記一般式(B)で示されるリン脂質疑似物質を含む複合体。
[2]
ナノ粒子の表面に下記一般式(A’)で示される物質がさらに担持された[1]に記載の複合体。
[3]
一般式(A)、(B)及び(A’)において、n1とn2の合計はn3以上である、[1]又は[2]に記載の複合体。
[4]
自殺基質部位は、リソソーム酵素の活性中心と反応性を有する基(以下、反応性基)を含む、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の複合体。
[5]
自殺基質部位は、
N−アセチル−D−グルコサミン残基、N−アセチル−D−グガラクトサミン残基、ガラクトース残基、グルコース残基、フコース残基、マンノース残基、及びシアル酸残基、から成る群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の糖残基、並びにジフルオメチルアリール基、及びトリフルオメチルアリール基から成る群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の反応性基を有する[4]に記載の複合体。
[6]
自殺基質部位は、下記官能基を含む[4]に記載の複合体。
[7]
自殺基質部位は、下記式で示されるいずれかの官能基を含む[4]~[6]のいずれかに記載の複合体。
キナーゼ阻害部位は、キナーゼと反応性を有する基(以下、細胞膜キナーゼ反応性基)を含む、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の複合体。
[9]
キナーゼ阻害部位は、下記式で示されるいずれかの官能基を含む[8]に記載の複合体。
[10]
キナーゼ阻害部位は、下記式で示される官能基を含む[8]又は[9]に記載の複合体。
一般式(A)で示されるリソソーム酵素阻害剤と一般式(B)で示されるリン脂質疑似物質のモル比率が1:100~10:1の範囲である、[1]~[1]0のいずれかに記載の複合体。
[12]
一般式(A)で示されるリソソーム酵素阻害剤と一般式(A’)で示される物質のモル比率が1:100~100:0の範囲である、[2]~[1]1のいずれかに記載の複合体。
[13]
前記ナノ粒子は、金属ナノ粒子又は半導体ナノ粒子である、[1]~[12]のいずれかに記載の複合体。
[14]
金属ナノ粒子は、金ナノ粒子、白金ナノ粒子、銀ナノ粒子、及び鉄磁性ナノ粒子から成る群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の粒子である[13]に記載の複合体。
[15]
半導体ナノ粒子は、量子ドットである[13]に記載の複合体。
[16]
前記ナノ粒子は、粒子径が0.1~100nmの範囲である[1]~[15]のいずれかに記載の複合体。
[17]
[1]~[16]のいずれかに記載の複合体を有効成分として含有する抗ガン剤。
[18]
前記抗ガン剤は、乳癌、前立腺癌、肝細胞癌、膵癌、大腸癌、卵巣癌、腎癌、肺癌、または脳腫瘍に対する抗ガン剤である[17]に記載の抗ガン剤。
[19]
[1]~16のいずれかに記載の複合体の製造方法であって、
下記一般式(C)で示される阻害剤架橋前駆体X及び下記一般式(D)で示されるリン脂質疑似物質前駆体とコロイド状ナノ粒子とを混合して、ナノ粒子の表面に阻害剤架橋前駆体X及びリン脂質疑似物質を担持した表面修飾ナノ粒子を得る工程(1)、
得られた表面修飾ナノ粒子にリソソーム酵素阻害剤前駆体Y又はキナーゼ阻害剤前駆体Zを混合して、阻害剤架橋前駆体Xと連結させて下記一般式(A)で示されるリソソーム酵素阻害剤又はキナーゼ阻害剤を形成する、
但し、リソソーム酵素阻害剤前駆体Yは、リソソーム酵素の活性中心と反応性を有する基(以下、反応性基)を含む自殺基質部位を含み、
キナーゼ阻害剤前駆体Zはキナーゼと反応性を有する基を含むキナーゼ阻害部位を含む、
[1]~[16]のいずれかに記載の複合体を得る工程(2)、
を含む前記方法。
[20]
リソソーム酵素阻害剤前駆体Yが、下記式で示されるいずれかの化合物である[19]に記載の製造方法。
キナーゼ阻害剤前駆体Zが、下記式で示されるいずれかの化合物である[19]に記載の製造方法。
本発明は、ナノ粒子及び前記ナノ粒子の表面に担持された下記一般式(A)で示されるリソソーム酵素阻害剤又はキナーゼ阻害剤及び下記一般式(B)で示されるリン脂質疑似物質を含む複合体に関する。
本発明は、上記本発明の複合体の製造方法を包含する。この方法は、
下記一般式(C)で示される阻害剤架橋前駆体X及び下記一般式(D)で示されるリン脂質疑似物質前駆体とコロイド状ナノ粒子とを混合して、ナノ粒子の表面に阻害剤架橋前駆体X及びリン脂質疑似物質を担持して表面修飾ナノ粒子を得る工程(1)、
得られた表面修飾ナノ粒子にリソソーム酵素阻害剤Y又はキナーゼ阻害剤前駆体Zを混合して、阻害剤架橋前駆体Xと連結させて下記一般式(A)で示されるリソソーム酵素阻害剤又はキナーゼ阻害剤を形成する、本発明の複合体を得る工程(2)、
を含む。
一般式(C)で示される阻害剤架橋前駆体X及び一般式(D)で示されるリン脂質疑似物質前駆体とコロイド状ナノ粒子とを混合して、ナノ粒子の表面に阻害剤架橋前駆体X及びリン脂質疑似物質を担持して表面修飾ナノ粒子を得る工程である。
参考文献
A.T.Ohyanagi,et.al.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011,133,12507−12517(非特許文献2)
B.R.S.Tan,et.al.,ACS Chem.Biol.2015,10,2073−2086(非特許文献3)
工程(1)で得られた表面修飾ナノ粒子にリソソーム酵素阻害剤前駆体Y又はキナーゼ阻害剤前駆体Zを混合して、阻害剤架橋前駆体Xと連結させて一般式(A)で示されるリソソーム酵素阻害剤又はキナーゼ阻害剤を形成して、本発明の複合体を得る工程である。
本発明は、前記の複合体を有効成分として含有する抗ガン剤を包含する。本発明の抗ガン剤は、前記複合体を有効成分として含有するガン(癌、悪性腫瘍)の予防又は/及び治療用の医薬組成物であり、任意で医薬的に許容される担体をさらに含むことができる。前記ガンとしては、本発明の複合体の取込み効率が、正常細胞より桁違いに高いガン細胞に起因する物であれば、制限はなく、例えば、乳癌、前立腺癌、肝細胞癌、膵癌、大腸癌、卵巣癌、腎癌、肺癌、及び脳腫瘍などを挙げることができる。好ましくは、乳癌、肝細胞癌、膵癌、及び脳腫瘍である。
細胞内イメージング:ヒト乳癌細胞(MCF−7,P13,ATCCより入手)を5000cell/200μl/wellで播種し、D−MEM High glucose,10%fetal bovine serum(FBS)中、37℃,5%CO2の条件下で48時間インキュベートをした後に、化合物7を提示した蛍光性ナノ微粒子[10nMの化合物7担持型AO/PC SAM−QDs(AO/PC=1/2)]および比較物質としてのAO/PC SAM−QDs(AO/PC=1/2)を添加してその後の8時間までの細胞生育過程を観察した。細胞は以下の方法で染色した後に蛍光顕微鏡にて観察した。培地を除去した後、細胞をOpti−MEMで3回洗浄後LysoTracker R Green DND−26(200μl,5nM/Opti−MEM)を加えて37℃,5%CO2の条件下で30分インキュベートしてリソソームを染色した。その後Hoechst(2μl,0.1ng/μl/Opti−MEM)を加えて37℃,5%CO2雰囲気下でさらに15分間インキュベートして核を染色した後にOpti−MEMで3回洗浄してイメージングを行った(図2)。
MTAアッセイ法による死細胞の定量:MCF7細胞(5×103/100μl/well)を37℃、5%CO2雰囲気下で24時間インキュベートした後にそれぞれ90μlの培地に対してQD−anchored inhibitor 7(1μM,10μl/milli Q),QD control,(1μM,10μl/milli Q),compound 7(1μM,10μl/milli Q),cisplatin(1mM,10μl/milli Q)を加えて終濃度が100nM(ただしシスプラチンは100μM)となるように調整した。培養開始後96時間で培地成分により3回洗浄を行い、細胞培養液を10μl採取してCell Counting Kit−8 solution(Dojindo,Kumamoto,Japan)を加えて37℃、5%CO2雰囲気下で1.5時間インキュベートし450nmでの吸光度を測定することで細胞の生存率を定量した。
GFP発現細胞を用いたイメージング:ヒト乳癌細胞(MCF−7,P17,ATCCより入手)を5000cell/200μl/wellで播種し、D−MEM High glucose,10%fetal bovine serum(FBS)中、37℃、5%CO2雰囲気化で24時間インキュベートをした後に、CellLightTM Lysosomes−GFP *BacMam 2.0*(1μl 5000Cell/μl/medium)を添加してさらに24時間インキュベートしてリソソーム表面にGFPを発現させた。その後、化合物7を提示した蛍光性ナノ微粒子[10nMの化合物7担持型AO/PC SAM−QDs(AO/PC=1/2)]および比較物質としてのAO/PC SAM−QDs(AO/PC=1/2)を添加してその8時間後の細胞生育過程を観察した。細胞は以下の方法で染色した後に蛍光顕微鏡にて観察した。培地を除去した後、細胞をOpti−MEMで3回洗浄後Hoechest(200μl,0.001ng/μl/Opti−MEM)を加えて37℃,5%CO2雰囲気化で15分間インキュベートして核を染色した後にOpti−MEMで3回洗浄してイメージングを行った(図3d)。
1.M.Ichikawa et al.Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.2001,11,1769−1773
2.T.Ohyanagi,et.al.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011,133,12507−12517
3.R.S.Tan,et.al.,ACS Chem.Biol.2015,10,2073−2086
細胞内イメージング:ヒト乳癌細胞(MCF−7,P17,ATCCより入手)を5000cell/200μl/wellで播種し、D−MEM High glucose,10%fetal bovine serum(FBS)中、37℃,5%CO2雰囲気化で48時間インキュベートをした後に、化合物15を提示した蛍光性ナノ微粒子[10nMの化合物15担持型AO/PC SAM−QDs(AO/PC=1/2)]を添加してその後の8時間までの細胞生育過程を観察した。細胞は以下の方法で染色した後に蛍光顕微鏡にて観察した。培地を除去した後、細胞をOpti−MEMで3回洗浄後Lyso Tracker R Green DND−26(200μl,5nM/Opti−MEM)を加えて37℃,5%CO2の条件下で30分インキュベートしてリソソームを染色した。その後Hoechest(2μl,0.1ng/μl/Opti−MEM)を加えて37℃,5%CO2雰囲気化でさらに15分間インキュベートして核を染色した後にOpti−MEMで3回洗浄してイメージングを行った(図5)。図5化合物15を提示した蛍光性ナノ微粒子(10nM)の癌細胞内挙動:蛍光性ナノ微粒子の乳癌細胞(MCF−7)培養開始後(1~8時間)での細胞内動体(Scale bar size=50μm)。図5から、化合物15を提示した蛍光性ナノ微粒子が細胞内に取り込まれることが分かる。
MTTアッセイ法による死細胞の定量:MCF−7細胞(5×104/100ml/well)を37℃、5%CO2雰囲気化で24時間インキュベートした後にそれぞれ90mlの培地に対してQD−anchored inhibitor 15(1μM,10μl/milli Q)を加えて終濃度が100nM(ただしシスプラチンは100μM)となるように調整した。培養開始後96時間で培地成分により3回洗浄を行い、細胞培養液に対し10μlのCell Counting Kit−8(Dojindo,Kumamoto,Japan)を加えて37℃、5%CO2雰囲気化で1.5時間インキュベートし450nmでの吸光度を測定することで細胞の生存率を定量した。
1.M.Kurogochi,et al.,J.Biol.Chem.2004,279,44704−44712
2.T.Ohyanagi,et al.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011,133,12057−12517
3.R.S.Tan,et al.,ACS Chem.Biol.2015,10,2073−2086
細胞内イメージング:ヒト乳癌細胞(MCF−7,P16,ATCCより入手)を5000cell/200μl/wellで播種し、D−MEM High glucose,10%fetal bovine serum(FBS)中、37℃,5%CO2雰囲気化で48時間インキュベートをした後に、化合物20を提示した蛍光性ナノ微粒子[10nMの化合物20担持型AO/PC SAM−QDs(AO/PC=1/2)]を添加してその後の8時間までの細胞生育過程を観察した。細胞は以下の方法で染色した後に蛍光顕微鏡にて観察した。培地を除去した後、細胞をOpti−MEMで3回洗浄後Lyso Tracker R Green DND−26(200μl,5nM/Opti−MEM)を加えて37℃,5%CO2の条件下で30分インキュベートしてリソソームを染色した。その後Hoechest(2μl,0.1ng/μl/Opti−MEM)を加えて37℃,5%CO2雰囲気化でさらに15分間インキュベートして核を染色した後にOpti−MEMで3回洗浄してイメージングを行った(図8)。図8.化合物20を提示した蛍光性ナノ微粒子(10nM)の癌細胞内挙動:蛍光性ナノ微粒子の乳癌細胞(MCF−7)培養開始後(1~8時間)での細胞内動体(Scale bar size=50μm)。図8から、化合物20を提示した蛍光性ナノ微粒子が細胞内に取り込まれることが分かる。
MTTアッセイ法による死細胞の定量:MCF−7細胞(5×104/100ml/well)を37℃、5%CO2雰囲気化で24時間インキュベートした後にそれぞれ90mlの培地に対してQD−anchored inhibitor 15(1μM,10μl/milli Q)を加えて終濃度が100nM(ただしシスプラチンは100μM)となるように調整した。培養開始後96時間で培地成分により3回洗浄を行い、細胞培養液に対し10μlのCell Counting Kit−8(Dojindo,Kumamoto,Japan)を加えて37℃、5%CO2雰囲気化で1.5時間インキュベートし450nmでの吸光度を測定することで細胞の生存率を定量した。
1.T.Ohyanagi,et al.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011,133,12057−12517
2.R.S.Tan,et al.,ACS Chem.Biol.2015,10,2073−2086
A:リソソーム酵素阻害剤を担持した蛍光性ナノ微粒子の細胞内イメージング
ヒト肝臓癌細胞(HepG2,P3,ATCCより入手)を5000cell/200ml/wellで播種し、D−MEM High glucose,10%fetal bovine serum(FBS)中、37℃、5%CO2雰囲気化で48時間インキュベートをした後に、化合物7、15、および20を担持したリン脂質被覆蛍光性ナノ微粒子溶液[10nMの阻害剤担持型AO/PC SAM−QDs(AO/PC=1/2)、既報(T.Ohyanagi,et al.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011,133,12057−12517)に従い調製した。]をそれぞれ添加して、共培養後8時間までの癌細胞生育過程を観察した。細胞は以下の方法で染色した後に蛍光顕微鏡によりイメージングした。以下にそのプロトコルの概要を示す。培地を除去した後、細胞をOpti−MEMで3回洗浄後Lyso Tracker R Green DND−26(200ml、5nM/Opti−MEM)を加えて37℃、5%CO2の条件下で30分インキュベートしてリソソームを染色した。その後Hoechest(2ml,0.1ng/ml/Opti−MEM)を加えて37℃、5%CO2雰囲気化でさらに15分間インキュベートして核を染色した後にOpti−MEMで3回洗浄して蛍光顕微鏡によりそれぞれを観察・イメージングした(図10)。
HepG2細胞(5×104/100ml/well)を37℃、5%CO2雰囲気化で24時間インキュベートした後にそれぞれ90mlの培地に対して化合物7、15、および20(milliQに溶解して1mMとした溶液の10ml)を加えて終濃度が100nMとなるように調整した。共培養開始後96時間で培地成分により3回洗浄を行い、細胞培養液に対し10mlのCell Counting Kit−8(Dojindo,Kumamoto,Japan)を加えて37℃、5%CO2雰囲気下で1.5時間インキュベートし450nmでの吸光度を測定することで細胞の生存率を定量した。対照薬として100nM 5−fluorouracil溶液(5−FU)を用いた(図11)。
C:リソソーム酵素阻害剤7および15を担持した蛍光性ナノ微粒子の抗腫瘍効果(IC 50 の決定)
化合物(非可逆的反応機構による糖分解酵素阻害剤)の合成法に関連する文献
1.M.Ichikawa,et al.Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.2001,11,1769−1773.
2.M.Kurogochi,et al.,J.Biol.Chem.2004,279,44704−44712.
3.H.Hinou,et al.Biochemistry 2005,44,11669−11675.
リン脂質単分子膜被覆量子ドット(生体膜模倣蛍光性ナノ微粒子)の作製法と性質に関連する文献
4.T.Ohyanagi,et al.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011,133,12057−12517.
5.R.S.Tan,et al.,ACS Chem.Biol.2015,10,2073−2086.
A:新規ソラフェニブ誘導体(32)の合成
肝細胞癌および腎細胞癌の治療薬であるソラフェニブは疎水性構造が原因で癌患者の血液中ではそのほとんどが血清アルブミンやa1−酸性タンパク質と非特異的に吸着するため、癌組織(癌細胞)への取り込み効率が著しく低いことが明らかとなっている。このため標的キナーゼ群を発現する培養癌細胞による実験で見られたようなIC50=4.5mMレベルの有意な抗腫瘍活性が、実際には疾患モデル動物や患者に対するin vivoの実験系においては充分発揮できていない可能性が高いことが最近指摘されている(Smith,M.A.and Hougton,P.Clin.Cancer Res.2013,19,2828−2833)。
既報(T.Ohyanagi,et al.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011,133,12057−12517)に従い、TOPO−QDs(1mM,50ml/octane)に対しMeOH(50ml)、i−PrOH(100ml)を加えて遠心によりナノ微粒子を沈殿させ、溶媒を取り除き再びヘキサン(50ml)を加えて分散させた。その後予め脱保護により活性化済みのアミノオキシリンカー(10mM,5ml/MeOH)、ホスホリルコリンリンカー(100mM,8ml/MeOH)、NaBH4(1ml,12wt % in 14 N NaOH)、およびmilli Q(50ml)を加えて30分間撹拌し配位子交換をして反応性ナノ微粒子前駆体AO/PC SAM−QDs(AO/PC=1/16)とした。限外濾過(YM50)により精製した後、化合物32とのカップリングに供した(下記スキーム参照)。図13のMALDI−TOFMSに示すとおり、反応はスムーズに進行し全てのアミノオキシ基の化合物32との置換反応が確認できた。
ヒト肝癌細胞(HepG2,P8,ATCCより入手)を5000cell/200ml/wellで播種し、D−MEM High glucose,10%fetal bovine serum(FBS)中、37℃,5%CO2雰囲気化で48時間インキュベートをした後に、10nM蛍光性ナノ微粒子[化合物32担持型AO/PC SAM−QDs(AO/PC=1/16)]を添加、共培養してその後の24時間までの癌細胞生育過程を観察した。細胞は以下の方法で染色した後に蛍光顕微鏡にて観察した。培地を除去した後、細胞をOpti−MEMで3回洗浄後Lyso Tracker R Green DND−26(200ml,5nM/Opti−MEM)を加えて37℃、5%CO2の条件下で30分インキュベートしてリソソームを染色した。その後Hoechest(2ml,0.1ng/ml/Opti−MEM)を加えて37℃、5%CO2雰囲気下でさらに15分間インキュベートして核を染色した後にOpti−MEMで3回洗浄してイメージングを行った(図14)。
Cell viability assayによる死細胞の定量:HepG2細胞(5×104/100ml/well)を37℃、5%CO2雰囲気化で24時間インキュベートした後にそれぞれ90mlの培地に対してQD(1000~10nM,10ml/milli Q)、QD−anchored 32(1000~10nM,10ml/milli Q)、およびソラフェニブ誘導体32(10×107~10nM,10ml/DMSO)を加えて終濃度が100~1nM(ただし、化合物32はIC50値がmMレベルであることが推察されたので1×106~1nM)となるように調整した。共培養開始後48時間で培地成分により3回洗浄を行い、細胞培養液に対し10mlのCell Counting Kit−8(Dojindo,Kumamoto,Japan)を加えて37℃、5%CO2雰囲気化で1.5時間インキュベートし450nmでの吸光度を測定することで癌細胞の生存率を定量した(図15)。
Claims (21)
- 一般式(A)、(B)及び(A’)において、n1とn2の合計はn3以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の複合体。
- 自殺基質部位は、リソソーム酵素の活性中心と反応性を有する基(以下、反応性基)を含む、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の複合体。
- 自殺基質部位は、
N−アセチル−D−グルコサミン残基、N−アセチル−D−グガラクトサミン残基、ガラクトース残基、グルコース残基、フコース残基、マンノース残基、及びシアル酸残基、から成る群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の糖残基、並びにジフルオメチルアリール基、及びトリプルオメチルアリール基から成る群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の反応性基を有する請求項4に記載の複合体。 - キナーゼ阻害部位は、キナーゼと反応性を有する基(以下、細胞膜キナーゼ反応性基)を含む、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の複合体。
- 一般式(A)で示されるリソソーム酵素阻害剤と一般式(B)で示されるリン脂質疑似物質のモル比率が1:100~10:1の範囲である、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の複合体。
- 一般式(A)で示されるリソソーム酵素阻害剤と一般式(A’)で示される物質のモル比率が1:100~100:0の範囲である、請求項2~11のいずれかに記載の複合体。
- 前記ナノ粒子は、金属ナノ粒子又は半導体ナノ粒子である、請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の複合体。
- 金属ナノ粒子は、金ナノ粒子、白金ナノ粒子、銀ナノ粒子、及び鉄磁性ナノ粒子から成る群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の粒子である請求項13に記載の複合体。
- 半導体ナノ粒子は、量子ドットである請求項13に記載の複合体。
- 前記ナノ粒子は、粒子径が0.1~100nmの範囲である請求項1~15のいずれかに記載の複合体。
- 請求項1~16のいずれかに記載の複合体を有効成分として含有する抗ガン剤。
- 前記抗ガン剤は、乳癌、前立腺癌、肝細胞癌、膵癌、大腸癌、卵巣癌、腎癌、肺癌、または脳腫瘍に対する抗ガン剤である請求項17に記載の抗ガン剤。
- 請求項1~16のいずれかに記載の複合体の製造方法であって、
下記一般式(C)で示される阻害剤架橋前駆体X及び下記一般式(D)で示されるリン脂質疑似物質前駆体とコロイド状ナノ粒子とを混合して、ナノ粒子の表面に阻害剤架橋前駆体X及びリン脂質疑似物質を担持した表面修飾ナノ粒子を得る工程(1)、
得られた表面修飾ナノ粒子にリソソーム酵素阻害剤前駆体Y又はキナーゼ阻害剤前駆体Zを混合して、阻害剤架橋前駆体Xと連結させて下記一般式(A)で示されるリソソーム酵素阻害剤又はキナーゼ阻害剤を形成する、
但し、リソソーム酵素阻害剤前駆体Yは、リソソーム酵素の活性中心と反応性を有する基(以下、反応性基)を含む自殺基質部位を含み、キナーゼ阻害剤前駆体Zはキナーゼと反応性を有する基を含むキナーゼ阻害部位を含む、
請求項1~16のいずれかに記載の複合体を得る工程(2)、
を含む前記方法。
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WO2021054420A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-03-25 | 国立大学法人北海道大学 | 糖鎖提示粒子およびその製造方法 |
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