WO2017086488A1 - 建設機械の制御装置及び建設機械の制御方法 - Google Patents
建設機械の制御装置及び建設機械の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017086488A1 WO2017086488A1 PCT/JP2016/085455 JP2016085455W WO2017086488A1 WO 2017086488 A1 WO2017086488 A1 WO 2017086488A1 JP 2016085455 W JP2016085455 W JP 2016085455W WO 2017086488 A1 WO2017086488 A1 WO 2017086488A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bucket
- control
- work implement
- operation amount
- distance
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
- E02F3/435—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like
- E02F3/436—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like for keeping the dipper in the horizontal position, e.g. self-levelling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
- E02F3/435—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/425—Drive systems for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
- E02F3/435—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like
- E02F3/437—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like providing automatic sequences of movements, e.g. linear excavation, keeping dipper angle constant
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2025—Particular purposes of control systems not otherwise provided for
- E02F9/2033—Limiting the movement of frames or implements, e.g. to avoid collision between implements and the cabin
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2025—Particular purposes of control systems not otherwise provided for
- E02F9/2045—Guiding machines along a predetermined path
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/26—Indicating devices
- E02F9/264—Sensors and their calibration for indicating the position of the work tool
- E02F9/265—Sensors and their calibration for indicating the position of the work tool with follow-up actions (e.g. control signals sent to actuate the work tool)
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
- E02F3/435—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like
- E02F3/439—Automatic repositioning of the implement, e.g. automatic dumping, auto-return
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2004—Control mechanisms, e.g. control levers
- E02F9/2012—Setting the functions of the control levers, e.g. changing assigned functions among operations levers, setting functions dependent on the operator or seat orientation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a construction machine control device and a construction machine control method.
- Patent Document 1 In a technical field related to a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator, a construction machine that controls a work machine such that a bucket moves along a target excavation landform indicating a target shape to be excavated as disclosed in Patent Document 1 It has been known.
- An object of an aspect of the present invention is to provide a construction machine control device and a construction machine control method capable of starting bucket angle control at an appropriate timing.
- a control device for a construction machine including a work machine including at least a bucket, and an operation amount data acquisition unit that acquires operation amount data indicating an operation amount of the work machine; An operation determination unit that determines a non-operation state of the bucket based on operation amount data, a bucket control determination unit that determines whether a bucket control condition is satisfied based on the determination of the non-operation state, and the bucket
- a construction machine control device comprising: a work machine control unit that outputs a control signal for controlling the bucket so that the state of the work machine is maintained when it is determined that a control condition is satisfied.
- a method for controlling a construction machine including a work machine including at least a bucket, wherein operation amount data indicating an operation amount of the work machine is acquired; Determining a non-operation state of the bucket based on the determination, determining whether a bucket control condition is satisfied based on the determination of the non-operation state, and determining that the bucket control condition is satisfied And outputting a control signal for controlling the bucket so that the state of the work implement is maintained.
- a construction machine control device and a construction machine control method capable of starting bucket angle control at an appropriate timing.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a hydraulic excavator according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing an example of a hydraulic excavator according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining an example of the operation of the work implement driven based on the work implement control according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a hydraulic system according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a hydraulic system according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram illustrating an example of a control device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining leveling assist control and bucket control according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a hydraulic excavator according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing an example of a hydraulic excavator according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between the distance and the work implement speed limit according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for controlling the hydraulic excavator according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining the effect of the control device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a construction machine 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the construction machine 100 is a hydraulic excavator will be described.
- the construction machine 100 is appropriately referred to as a hydraulic excavator 100.
- a hydraulic excavator 100 includes a work machine 1 that is operated by hydraulic pressure, a vehicle body 2 that supports the work machine 1, a traveling device 3 that supports the vehicle body 2, and operations for operating the work machine 1.
- the apparatus 40 and the control apparatus 50 which controls the working machine 1 are provided.
- the vehicle body 2 can turn around the turning axis RX while being supported by the traveling device 3.
- the vehicle body 2 is disposed on the traveling device 3.
- the vehicle body 2 is appropriately referred to as the upper swing body 2
- the traveling device 3 is appropriately referred to as the lower traveling body 3.
- the upper swing body 2 has a cab 4 in which an operator is boarded, a machine room 5 in which an engine, a hydraulic pump, and the like are accommodated, and a handrail 6.
- the cab 4 has a driver's seat 4S on which an operator is seated.
- the machine room 5 is disposed behind the cab 4.
- the handrail 6 is disposed in front of the machine room 5.
- the lower traveling body 3 has a pair of crawler belts 7.
- the excavator 100 travels as the crawler belt 7 rotates.
- the lower traveling body 3 may be a wheel (tire).
- the work machine 1 is supported by the upper swing body 2.
- the work machine 1 includes a bucket 11 having a cutting edge 10, an arm 12 connected to the bucket 11, and a boom 13 connected to the arm 12.
- the cutting edge 10 of the bucket 11 may be the tip of a convex blade provided on the bucket 11.
- the blade tip 10 of the bucket 11 may be the tip of a straight blade provided in the bucket 11.
- the bucket 11 is connected to the tip of the arm 12.
- the proximal end portion of the arm 12 is connected to the distal end portion of the boom 13.
- a base end portion of the boom 13 is connected to the upper swing body 2.
- the bucket 11 and the arm 12 are connected via a bucket pin.
- the bucket 11 is supported by the arm 12 so as to be rotatable about the rotation axis AX1.
- the arm 12 and the boom 13 are connected via an arm pin.
- the arm 12 is supported by the boom 13 so as to be rotatable about the rotation axis AX2.
- the boom 13 and the upper swing body 2 are connected via a boom pin.
- the boom 13 is supported by the vehicle body 2 so as to be rotatable about the rotation axis AX3.
- the rotation axis AX1, the rotation axis AX2, and the rotation axis AX3 are parallel to each other.
- the rotation axes AX1, AX2, AX3 are orthogonal to the axis parallel to the turning axis RX.
- the axial direction of the rotation axes AX1, AX2, AX3 is appropriately referred to as the vehicle width direction of the upper swing body 2, and the direction orthogonal to both the rotation axes AX1, AX2, AX3 and the rotation axis RX is appropriately determined.
- the direction in which the work implement 1 is present with respect to the operator seated on the driver's seat 4S is the forward direction.
- the bucket 11 may be a tilt bucket.
- a tilt bucket is a bucket that can be tilted in the vehicle width direction by operation of a bucket tilt cylinder.
- the bucket 11 can be tilted or tilted in the vehicle width direction to freely shape or level the slope or flat ground.
- the operating device 40 is disposed in the cab 4.
- the operating device 40 includes an operating member that is operated by an operator of the excavator 100.
- the operation member includes an operation lever or a joystick.
- the work implement 1 is operated by operating the operation member.
- the control device 50 includes a computer system.
- the control device 50 includes a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a storage device such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a RAM (Random Access Memory), and an input / output interface device.
- a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit)
- a storage device such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a RAM (Random Access Memory)
- an input / output interface device such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit)
- ROM Read Only Memory
- RAM Random Access Memory
- FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing the excavator 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the excavator 100 includes a hydraulic cylinder 20 that drives the work machine 1.
- the hydraulic cylinder 20 is driven by hydraulic oil.
- the hydraulic cylinder 20 includes a bucket cylinder 21 that drives the bucket 11, an arm cylinder 22 that drives the arm 12, and a boom cylinder 23 that drives the boom 13.
- the excavator 100 includes a bucket cylinder stroke sensor 14 disposed in the bucket cylinder 21, an arm cylinder stroke sensor 15 disposed in the arm cylinder 22, and a boom cylinder stroke disposed in the boom cylinder 23.
- Sensor 16 The bucket cylinder stroke sensor 14 detects the bucket cylinder length that is the stroke length of the bucket cylinder 21.
- the arm cylinder stroke sensor 15 detects an arm cylinder length which is a stroke length of the arm cylinder 22.
- the boom cylinder stroke sensor 16 detects the boom cylinder length that is the stroke length of the boom cylinder 23.
- the hydraulic excavator 100 includes a position detection device 30 that detects the position of the upper swing body 2.
- the position detection device 30 includes a vehicle body position detector 31 that detects the position of the upper swing body 2 defined by the global coordinate system, an attitude detector 32 that detects the attitude of the upper swing body 2, and the orientation of the upper swing body 2. And an orientation detector 33 for detecting.
- the global coordinate system (XgYgZg coordinate system) is a coordinate system indicating an absolute position defined by GPS (Global Positioning System).
- the local coordinate system (XYZ coordinate system) is a coordinate system that indicates a relative position as the reference position Ps of the upper swing body 2 of the excavator 100.
- the reference position Ps of the upper swing body 2 is set to the swing axis RX of the upper swing body 2.
- the reference position Ps of the upper swing body 2 may be set to the rotation axis AX3.
- the position detection device 30 detects the three-dimensional position of the upper swing body 2 defined by the global coordinate system, the attitude angle of the upper swing body 2 with respect to the horizontal plane, and the orientation of the upper swing body 2 with respect to the reference orientation.
- the vehicle body position detector 31 includes a GPS receiver.
- the vehicle body position detector 31 detects the three-dimensional position of the upper swing body 2 defined by the global coordinate system.
- the vehicle body position detector 31 detects the position of the upper swing body 2 in the Xg direction, the position in the Yg direction, and the position in the Zg direction.
- a plurality of GPS antennas 31 ⁇ / b> A are provided on the upper swing body 2.
- the GPS antenna 31 ⁇ / b> A receives a radio wave from a GPS satellite and outputs a signal based on the received radio wave to the vehicle body position detector 31.
- the vehicle body position detector 31 detects the installation position P1 of the GPS antenna 31A defined by the global coordinate system based on the signal supplied from the GPS antenna 31A.
- the vehicle body position detector 31 detects the absolute position Pg of the upper swing body 2 based on the installation position P1 of the GPS antenna 31A.
- the vehicle body position detector 31 detects the installation position P1a of one GPS antenna 31A and the installation position P1b of the other GPS antenna 31A of the two GPS antennas 31A.
- the vehicle body position detector 31A performs an arithmetic process based on the installation position P1a and the installation position P1b to detect the absolute position Pg and direction of the upper swing body 2.
- the absolute position Pg of the upper swing body 2 is the installation position P1a.
- the absolute position Pg of the upper swing body 2 may be the installation position P1b.
- the attitude detector 32 includes an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit).
- the attitude detector 32 is provided on the upper swing body 2.
- the attitude detector 32 is disposed below the cab 4.
- the posture detector 32 detects the posture angle of the upper swing body 2 with respect to the horizontal plane (XgYg plane).
- the posture angle of the upper swing body 2 with respect to the horizontal plane includes the posture angle ⁇ a of the upper swing body 2 in the vehicle width direction and the posture angle ⁇ b of the upper swing body 2 in the front-rear direction.
- the azimuth detector 33 has a function of detecting the azimuth of the upper swing body 2 with respect to the reference azimuth defined in the global coordinate system based on the installation position P1a of the one GPS antenna 31A and the installation position P1b of the other GPS antenna 31A.
- the reference orientation is, for example, north.
- the direction detector 33 performs arithmetic processing based on the installation position P1a and the installation position P1b, and detects the direction of the upper swing body 2 with respect to the reference direction.
- the azimuth detector 33 calculates a straight line connecting the installation position P1a and the installation position P1b, and detects the azimuth of the upper-part turning body 2 with respect to the reference azimuth based on the attitude angle ⁇ c formed by the calculated straight line and the reference azimuth.
- the direction detector 33 may be separate from the position detection device 30.
- the orientation detector 33 may detect the orientation of the upper swing body 2 using a magnetic sensor.
- the hydraulic excavator 100 includes a blade edge position detector 34 that detects the relative position of the blade edge 10 with respect to the reference position Ps of the upper swing body 2.
- the blade edge position detector 34 includes a detection result of the bucket cylinder stroke sensor 14, a detection result of the arm cylinder stroke sensor 15, a detection result of the boom cylinder stroke sensor 16, a length L11 of the bucket 11, Based on the length L12 of the arm 12 and the length L13 of the boom 13, the relative position of the blade edge 10 with respect to the reference position Ps of the upper swing body 2 is calculated.
- the blade edge position detector 34 calculates the posture angle ⁇ 11 of the blade edge 10 of the bucket 11 with respect to the arm 12 based on the bucket cylinder length detected by the bucket cylinder stroke sensor 14.
- the blade edge position detector 34 calculates the posture angle ⁇ 12 of the arm 12 with respect to the boom 13 based on the arm cylinder length detected by the arm cylinder stroke sensor 15.
- the blade edge position detector 34 calculates the attitude angle ⁇ 13 of the boom 13 with respect to the Z axis of the upper swing body 2 based on the boom cylinder length detected by the boom cylinder stroke sensor 16.
- the length L11 of the bucket 11 is the distance between the blade edge 10 of the bucket 11 and the rotation axis AX1 (bucket pin).
- the length L12 of the arm 12 is a distance between the rotation axis AX1 (bucket pin) and the rotation axis AX2 (arm pin).
- the length L13 of the boom 13 is a distance between the rotation axis AX2 (arm pin) and the rotation axis AX3 (boom pin).
- the blade edge position detector 34 determines the relative position of the blade edge 10 with respect to the reference position Ps of the upper swing body 2 based on the posture angle ⁇ 11, the posture angle ⁇ 12, the posture angle ⁇ 13, the length L11, the length L12, and the length L13. calculate.
- the blade edge position detector 34 is based on the absolute position Pg of the upper swing body 2 detected by the position detection device 30 and the relative position between the reference position Ps of the upper swing body 2 and the blade edge 10.
- the absolute position Pb is calculated.
- the relative position between the absolute position Pg and the reference position Ps is known data derived from the specification data of the excavator 100. Therefore, the blade edge position detector 34 is based on the absolute position Pg of the upper swing body 2, the relative position between the reference position Ps of the upper swing body 2 and the blade edge 10, and the specification data of the excavator 100.
- the absolute position Pb can be calculated.
- the cylinder stroke sensors 14, 15, and 16 are used for detecting the posture angles ⁇ 11, ⁇ 12, and ⁇ 13, but the cylinder stroke sensors 14, 15, and 16 may not be used.
- the blade edge position detector 34 may detect the attitude angle ⁇ 11 of the bucket 11, the attitude angle ⁇ 12 of the arm 12, and the attitude angle ⁇ 13 of the boom 13 using an angle sensor such as a potentiometer or a level.
- the operating device 40 includes a right operating lever disposed on the right side of an operator seated on the driver's seat 4S and a left operating lever disposed on the left side.
- the boom 13 When the right operation lever is moved in the front-rear direction, the boom 13 performs a lowering operation and a raising operation.
- the bucket 11 When the right operation lever is moved in the left-right direction (vehicle width direction), the bucket 11 performs excavation operation and dump operation.
- the left operating lever is moved in the front-rear direction, the arm 12 performs a dumping operation and an excavating operation.
- the left operating lever is moved in the left-right direction, the upper swing body 2 turns left and right. Even if the upper swing body 2 turns right and left when the left operation lever is moved in the front-rear direction, and the arm 12 performs dumping operation and excavation operation when the left operation lever is moved left and right. Good.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining an example of the operation of the work implement 2 driven based on the work implement control according to the present embodiment.
- the work machine control includes leveling assist control and bucket control.
- leveling assist control refers to controlling the work implement 1 so that the bucket 11 moves along the target excavation landform indicating the target shape of the excavation target.
- the target excavation landform may be defined by a plane or a line.
- the boom cylinder 23 is controlled so that the boom 13 is raised so that the bucket 11 does not exceed the target excavation landform.
- the bucket 11 and the arm 12 are driven based on the operation of the operation device 40 by the operator.
- the boom 13 is driven based on control by the control device 50.
- Bucket control refers to controlling the work machine 1 so that the state of the work machine 1 is maintained in a constant state.
- the state of the work machine 1 includes the posture of the work machine 1.
- the posture of the work machine 1 includes the sum of the posture angle ⁇ 11 of the bucket 11, the posture angle ⁇ 12 of the arm 12, and the posture angle ⁇ 13 of the boom 13. That is, in the present embodiment, bucket control refers to controlling the work implement 1 so that the posture of the work implement 1 indicating the sum of the posture angle ⁇ 11, the posture angle ⁇ 12, and the posture angle ⁇ 13 is maintained at a constant angle.
- the hydraulic cylinder 20 is controlled so that the angle of the bucket 11 with respect to the target excavation landform is maintained at a constant angle.
- the arm 12 is driven based on the operation of the operation device 40 by the operator.
- the bucket 11 is driven based on control by the control device 50.
- the leveling assist control and the bucket control are performed so that the cutting edge 10 of the bucket 11 moves along the target excavation landform and the bottom surface 17 of the bucket 11 moves away from the target excavation landform. Is implemented.
- the control device 50 causes the bucket 11 to perform a dumping operation and raises the boom 13 so that the bucket 11 moves along the target excavation landform while the arm 12 is being excavated by the operation of the operation device 40. .
- the bucket control is performed when at least a part of the bucket 11 exists in the bucket control range.
- the bucket control range is a range of a predetermined distance from the target excavation landform with the target excavation landform as a reference.
- bucket control is performed when the distance D between the target excavation landform and the bucket 11 is equal to or less than the first threshold value H1.
- the hydraulic cylinder 20 including the bucket cylinder 21, the arm cylinder 22, and the boom cylinder 23 is operated by a hydraulic system 300.
- the hydraulic cylinder 20 is operated by at least one of the operating device 40 and the control device 50.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a hydraulic system 300 that operates the bucket cylinder 21.
- the bucket 11 performs two types of operations, an excavation operation and a dump operation. When the bucket cylinder 21 extends, the bucket 11 excavates, and when the bucket cylinder 21 contracts, the bucket 11 dumps.
- the hydraulic system 300 includes a variable displacement main hydraulic pump 42 that supplies hydraulic oil to the bucket cylinder 21 via the direction control valve 41, a sub hydraulic pump 43 that supplies pilot oil, an oil passage 44A through which the pilot oil flows, 44B, 44C, oil passages 44A, 44B, control valves 45A, 45B for adjusting the pilot pressure for the direction control valve 41, oil passages 47A, 47B connected to the operating device 40, and oil passages 47A, 47B Pressure sensors 49A, 49B, throttles disposed in the oil passages 47A, 47B, and a control device 50 for controlling the control valves 45A, 45B.
- Control valves 45A and 45B are electromagnetic proportional control valves.
- the control valves 45A and 45B are connected to the sub hydraulic pump 43 via an oil passage 44C.
- the pilot oil sent from the sub hydraulic pump 43 is supplied to the control valves 45A and 45B. Pilot oil sent from the main hydraulic pump 42 and decompressed by the decompression valve may be supplied to the control valves 45A and 45B.
- the control valves 45 ⁇ / b> A and 45 ⁇ / b> B adjust the pilot pressure with respect to the direction control valve 41 based on a control signal from the control device 50.
- the control valve 45A adjusts the pilot pressure in the oil passage 44A.
- the control valve 45B adjusts the pilot pressure in the oil passage 44B.
- the sub hydraulic pump 43 always supplies pilot oil to the control valves 45A and 45B. Therefore, even if the operating lever of the operating device 40 is in the neutral position, the pilot pressure is always applied to the control valves 45A and 45B.
- the direction control valve 41 controls the direction in which the hydraulic oil flows and the supply amount of the hydraulic oil.
- the hydraulic oil supplied from the main hydraulic pump 42 is supplied to the bucket cylinder 21 via the direction control valve 41.
- the direction control valve 41 switches between supplying hydraulic oil to the cap-side oil chamber 20A of the bucket cylinder 21 and supplying hydraulic oil to the rod-side oil chamber 20B. Further, the direction control valve 41 adjusts the amount of hydraulic oil supplied.
- the cap side oil chamber 20A is a space between the cylinder head cover and the piston.
- the rod side oil chamber 20B is a space in which the piston rod is disposed.
- the operating device 40 is connected to the sub hydraulic pump 43. Pilot oil delivered from the sub hydraulic pump 43 is supplied to the operating device 40. Note that pilot oil sent from the main hydraulic pump 42 and decompressed by the pressure reducing valve may be supplied to the operating device 40.
- the pressure in the oil passage 47A and the pressure in the oil passage 47B change based on the operation amount of the operating device 40.
- the pressure in the oil passage 47A is detected by a pressure sensor 49A.
- the pressure in the oil passage 47B is detected by a pressure sensor 49B.
- the detection data of the pressure sensors 49A and 49B are output to the control device 50.
- the control device 50 detects the operation amount and the operation amount of the operation device 40 based on the detection data of the pressure sensors 49A and 49B.
- the control device 50 outputs a control signal to the control valves 45A and 45B based on the detection data of the pressure sensors 49A and 49B.
- the control device 50 controls the control valves 45A and 45B based on the detection data of the pressure sensors 49A and 49B so that the pilot pressure corresponding to the operation amount and the operation direction of the operation device 40 acts on the direction control valve 41. . Accordingly, the control device 50 can adjust the pilot pressure based on the operation amount and the operation direction of the operation device 40 to adjust the movement amount and movement speed of the spool in the axial direction.
- the pressure sensor 49A detects a pressure corresponding to the operation amount of the operation lever.
- the control device 50 controls the control valve 45A so that the pilot pressure corresponding to the detection data of the pressure sensor 49A acts on the directional control valve 41.
- the pressure sensor 49B detects a pressure corresponding to the operating amount of the operating lever.
- the control device 50 controls the control valve 45B so that the pilot pressure corresponding to the detection data of the pressure sensor 49B acts on the direction control valve 41.
- control device 50 can adjust the pilot pressure acting on the direction control valve 41 by outputting a control signal to the control valves 45A and 45B without depending on the operation of the operation device 40.
- the control valve 45A and the control valve 45B are controlled based on a control signal related to bucket control output from the control device 50.
- the control valve 45A and the control valve 45B are controlled based on a control signal output from the control device 50 in order to execute bucket control.
- the control valve 45A and the control valve 45B are controlled so that the direction control valve 41 is driven based on the pilot pressure adjusted by the operation of the operation device 40.
- the operation device 40 may be an electric operation device.
- the operating device 40 may include an operating member such as an electric lever and an operation amount sensor such as a potentiometer inclinometer that electrically detects the amount of tilt of the operating member. Detection data of the operation amount sensor is output to the control device 50.
- the control device 50 acquires the detection data of the operation amount sensor as the operation amount of the operation device 40.
- the control device 50 may output a control signal for driving the direction control valve 41 based on the detection data of the operation amount sensor.
- the direction control valve 41 may be driven by an actuator that operates with electric power such as a solenoid.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a hydraulic system 300 that operates the boom cylinder 23.
- the hydraulic system 300 that operates the boom cylinder 23 includes a main hydraulic pump 42, a pilot pressure pump 43, a directional control valve 41, an operating device 40 that adjusts a pilot pressure for the directional control valve 41, and an oil passage through which pilot oil flows.
- the control valve 45C is an electromagnetic proportional control valve.
- the control valve 45C adjusts the pilot pressure based on a command signal from the control device 50.
- the control valve 45C adjusts the pilot pressure in the oil passage 44C.
- pilot pressure corresponding to the operation amount of the operation device 40 acts on the direction control valve 41.
- the spool of the direction control valve 41 moves according to the pilot pressure. Based on the amount of movement of the spool, the amount of hydraulic oil supplied per unit time supplied from the main hydraulic pump 42 to the boom cylinder 23 via the direction control valve 41 is adjusted.
- a control valve 45C that operates based on a control signal related to leveling assist control that is output from the control device 50 is provided in the oil passage 44C.
- the pilot oil sent from the pilot pressure pump 43 flows through the oil passage 44C.
- the oil passage 44 ⁇ / b> C and the oil passage 44 ⁇ / b> B are connected to the shuttle valve 48.
- the shuttle valve 48 supplies the directional control valve 41 with pilot oil in the oil passage having the higher pilot pressure in the oil passage 44B and the oil passage 44C.
- the control valve 45C is controlled based on a control signal output from the control device 50 in order to execute leveling assist control.
- the control device 50 When the leveling assist control is not executed, the control device 50 does not output a control signal to the control valve 45C so that the direction control valve 41 is driven based on the pilot pressure adjusted by the operation of the operation device 40.
- the control device 50 closes the oil passage 44 ⁇ / b> C with the control valve 45 ⁇ / b> C so that the directional control valve 41 is driven based on the pilot pressure adjusted by the operation of the operation device 40.
- the control device 50 controls the control valve 45C so that the direction control valve 41 is driven based on the pilot pressure adjusted by the control valve 45C. For example, when executing leveling assist control that restricts the movement of the boom 13, the control device 50 fully opens the control valve 45C so that the pilot pressure corresponds to the boom target speed. When the pilot pressure in the oil passage 44C becomes larger than the pilot pressure in the oil passage 44B, the pilot oil from the control valve 45C is supplied to the direction control valve 41 via the shuttle valve 48. Thereby, the boom cylinder 23 extends and the boom 13 is raised.
- the arm 12 performs two types of operations: excavation operation and dump operation.
- excavation operation When the arm cylinder 22 is extended, the arm 12 is excavated, and when the arm cylinder 22 is contracted, the arm 12 is dumped.
- a description of the hydraulic system 300 that operates the arm cylinder 22 is omitted.
- FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram illustrating an example of the control system 200 according to the present embodiment.
- the control system 200 includes a control device 50 that controls the work machine 1, a position detection device 30, a blade edge position detector 34, an operation device 40, and control valves 45 (45A, 45B, 45C). ), A pressure sensor 46 (46A, 46B), a pressure sensor 49 (49A, 49B), and a target construction data generation device 70.
- the position detection device 30 including the vehicle body position detector 31, the attitude detector 32, and the azimuth detector 33 detects the absolute position Pg of the upper swing body 2.
- the absolute position Pg of the upper swing body 2 is appropriately referred to as a vehicle body position Pg.
- Control valve 45 adjusts the amount of hydraulic oil supplied to hydraulic cylinder 20.
- the control valve 45 operates based on a control signal from the control device 50.
- the pressure sensor 46 (46A, 46B) detects the pilot pressure of the oil passage 44 (44A, 44B).
- the pressure sensor 49 detects the pilot pressure of the oil passage 47 (47A, 47B).
- the detection data of the pressure sensor 46 and the detection data of the pressure sensor 49 are output to the control device 50.
- the target construction data generation device 70 includes a computer system.
- the target construction data generation device 70 generates target construction data indicating the 3D design landform that is the target shape of the construction area.
- the target construction data indicates a three-dimensional target shape obtained after construction by the work machine 1.
- the target construction data generation device 70 and the control device 50 may be connected by wire, and the target construction data may be transmitted from the target construction data generation device 70 to the control device 50.
- the target construction data generation device 70 may include a storage medium that stores the target construction data
- the control device 50 may include a device that can read the target construction data from the storage medium.
- the control device 50 includes a vehicle body position data acquisition unit 51, a bucket position data acquisition unit 52, a target excavation landform data acquisition unit 53, a distance data acquisition unit 54, an operation amount data acquisition unit 56, A work implement target speed determination unit 57, an operation determination unit 58, a bucket control determination unit 59, and a control start angle data acquisition unit 60 are included.
- the control device 50 includes a storage unit 62 that stores specification data of the excavator 100, which is realized by a storage device.
- the control device 50 includes an input / output unit 63 that constitutes an input / output interface device.
- the vehicle body position data acquisition unit 51 acquires vehicle body position data indicating the vehicle body position Pg from the position detection device 30 via the input / output unit 63.
- the vehicle body position detector 31 detects the vehicle body position Pg based on at least one of the installation position P1a and the installation position P1b of the GPS antenna 31.
- the vehicle body position data acquisition unit 51 acquires vehicle body position data indicating the vehicle body position Pg from the vehicle body position detector 31.
- the bucket position data acquisition unit 52 acquires bucket position data including the cutting edge position of the bucket 11 from the cutting edge position detector 34 via the input / output unit 56.
- the bucket position data acquisition unit 52 acquires bucket position data including the cutting edge position that is the relative position of the cutting edge 10 with respect to the reference position Ps of the upper swing body 2 from the cutting edge position detector 34.
- the target excavation landform data acquisition unit 53 uses the target construction data and the bucket position data supplied from the target construction data generation device 70 and uses the target excavation landform data indicating the target shape of the excavation target corresponding to the position of the bucket 11. Is generated.
- the distance data acquisition unit 54 determines whether the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform are based on the position of the bucket 11 acquired by the bucket position data acquisition unit 52 and the target excavation landform generated by the target excavation landform data acquisition unit 53.
- the distance D is calculated, and distance data indicating the distance D is acquired.
- the distance D between the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform may be the distance between the cutting edge 10 of the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform, and includes the outer peripheral surface of the bucket 11 calculated using the external dimension data of the bucket 11. It may be a distance between an arbitrary position of the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform.
- the distance D between the bottom surface 17 of the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform may be the distance D between the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform.
- the operation amount data acquisition unit 56 acquires operation amount data indicating the operation amount of the operation device 40 that operates the work machine 1.
- the operation amount of the bucket 11, the operation amount of the arm 12, and the operation amount of the boom 13 are correlated with detection data of the pressure sensor 46.
- Correlation data indicating the correlation between the operation amount of the work machine 1 and the detection data of the pressure sensor 46 is obtained in advance by a preliminary experiment or simulation and stored in the storage unit 62.
- the operation amount may be acquired by a detection value of an angle sensor such as a potentiometer installed on the lever.
- the operation amount data acquisition unit 56 operates the bucket 11 from the detection data of the pressure sensors 49A and 49B based on the detection data of the pressure sensors 49A and 49B and the correlation data stored in the storage unit 62. Operation amount data indicating 40 operation amounts is acquired. Similarly, the operation amount data acquisition unit 56 is based on the detection signals (PPC pressure) of the pressure sensors 46A and 46B based on the detection signals of the pressure sensors 46A and 46B and the correlation data stored in the storage unit 62. Operation amount data indicating the operation amount of the operation device 40 for operating at least one of the arm 12 and the boom 13 is acquired.
- the work machine target speed determination unit 57 determines a work machine speed limit indicating the speed limit of the work machine 1 as a whole based on the distance D between the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform.
- the speed of the work implement 1 as a whole refers to the actual operating speed of the bucket 11 when the bucket 11, the arm 12, and the boom 13 are driven.
- the work implement target speed determining unit 57 determines the boom target speed based on the distance D between the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform.
- the work machine target speed determination unit 57 operates the bucket 11 and the arm 12 based on the work machine speed limit and at least the arm operation amount and the bucket operation amount acquired by the operation amount data acquisition unit 56.
- the boom target speed is calculated so that the deviation between the overall speed of the work machine 1 and the work machine speed limit is offset.
- the movement of the bucket 11 and the movement of the arm 12 are based on the operation of the operation device 40 by the operator.
- the work implement target speed determination unit 57 performs the raising operation so that the blade edge 10 of the bucket 11 moves along the target excavation landform while the bucket 11 and the arm 12 are operated by the operation device 40.
- the boom target speed of the boom 10 to be determined is determined.
- the operation determination unit 58 determines that the operation device 40 that operates the bucket 11 is not operated based on bucket operation amount data that indicates the operation amount of the operation device 40 that operates the bucket 11. Non-operation of the operating device 40 that operates the bucket 11 includes a neutral operation in which the bucket 11 does not perform both excavation operation and dump operation. The operation determination unit 58 determines whether or not the bucket operation lever is in the neutral position based on detection data of the pressure sensors 49A and 49B.
- the bucket control determination unit 59 determines whether a bucket control condition for performing bucket control is satisfied based on the determination of the operation determination unit 58. In the present embodiment, the bucket control determination unit 59 determines whether the bucket control condition is satisfied based on the distance data acquired by the distance data acquisition unit 54 and the determination data of the operation determination unit 58. In the present embodiment, the bucket control condition includes that the operating device 40 for operating the bucket 11 is not operated, the distance D is equal to or less than the first threshold value H1, and the arm 12 is in a driving state.
- the control start angle data acquisition unit 60 acquires bucket control start angle data indicating the posture of the work implement 1 when it is determined that the bucket control condition is satisfied. That is, the control start angle data acquisition unit 60 obtains the posture data of the work implement 1 at the time when it is determined that the distance D is equal to or less than the first threshold value H1 and the bucket operation lever for operating the bucket 11 is in the neutral position. get.
- the work machine control unit 61 outputs a control signal for controlling the bucket 11 so that the state of the work machine 1 is maintained in a state where the bucket control condition is satisfied.
- the work machine control unit 61 outputs a control signal for performing work machine control including leveling assist control and bucket control to the control valves 45A and 45B.
- the work implement control unit 61 outputs a control signal for controlling the bucket cylinder 21 so that the posture of the work implement 1 is maintained at a constant angle in a state where the bucket control condition is satisfied. Then, bucket control is performed.
- the work implement control unit 61 in a state where the bucket control condition is satisfied, the posture angle ⁇ 13 of the boom 13, the posture angle ⁇ 12 of the arm 12, and the posture angle ⁇ 11 of the bucket 11 that are the posture of the work implement 1.
- the target angle of the bucket 11 is determined so that the change in the sum of the posture angle ⁇ 13 of the boom 13 and the posture angle ⁇ 12 of the arm 12 is offset by the posture angle ⁇ 11 of the bucket 11 so that the sum of To output a control signal.
- the bucket 11 is driven based on the operation of the operation device 40.
- the work implement control unit 61 causes the boom 13 to move based on the work implement speed limit.
- a control signal for controlling the boom cylinder 23 that drives the vehicle is output to perform leveling assist control.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining leveling assist control and bucket control according to the present embodiment.
- a speed limit intervention line SH2 is defined.
- the speed limit line SH2 is parallel to the target excavation landform and is defined at a position away from the target excavation landform by a distance H2.
- the distance H2 is a second threshold for the distance D between the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform.
- the distance H2 is preferably set so that the operator's feeling of operation is not impaired.
- the distance data acquisition unit 54 acquires a distance D that is the shortest distance between the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform in the normal direction of the target excavation landform.
- the distance D is defined between the bottom surface of the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform.
- the work implement target speed determination unit 57 determines a work implement speed limit Vt that is a limit speed for leveling assist of the work implement 1 as a whole according to the distance D.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between the second threshold value H2 and the distance D and the relationship between the distance D and the work implement speed limit Vt in the present embodiment.
- the work implement speed limit Vt is not set when the distance D is greater than the second threshold value H2, and is set when the distance D is equal to or less than the second threshold value H2.
- the work implement speed limit Vt becomes smaller.
- the work implement speed limit Vt also becomes zero.
- the speed when the bucket 11 goes from the lower side to the upper side of the target excavation landform is a positive value
- the speed when the bucket 11 goes from the upper side to the lower side of the target excavation landform is a negative value.
- the work machine target speed determination unit 57 increases the absolute value of the work machine speed limit Vt as the distance D increases, and decreases the absolute value of the work machine speed limit Vt as the distance D decreases. To decide.
- the bucket control determination unit 59 determines whether or not the distance D is equal to or less than the first threshold value H1 and the bucket operation lever is neutrally operated. As shown in FIG. 7, the first threshold value H1 for bucket control is smaller than the second threshold value H2 for leveling assist control.
- the bucket 11 gradually approaches the target excavation landform by the operation of the operation device 40, the distance D between the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform becomes the first threshold value H1 or less, and the operator quits the operation of the bucket operation lever.
- the bucket control determination unit 59 determines that the bucket control condition is satisfied.
- the work machine control unit 61 starts bucket control when the distance D becomes equal to or less than the first threshold value H1, and when the operator stops operating the bucket operation lever and the bucket operation lever is neutrally operated.
- the bucket 11 is driven by at least one of the arm 12 and the boom 13 in a state where the bucket operation lever is disposed at the neutral position.
- the bucket operation lever is disposed at the neutral position.
- the bucket for the target excavation landform when the distance D1 becomes equal to or smaller than the first threshold value H1.
- the target excavation landform relative to the target excavation landform when the bucket manipulation lever is disposed at the neutral position is set.
- Work implement control including bucket control and leveling assist control is performed so that the angle of the bucket 11 is maintained.
- bucket control is performed based on the attitude of the work implement 1 in order to maintain the state of the work implement 1.
- bucket control may be performed so that the relative angle between the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform is maintained.
- the bucket control may be performed such that the relative angle is maintained by defining a vector based on the shape of the bucket 11 or defining a normal vector with respect to the target excavation landform.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a control method of the excavator 100 according to the present embodiment.
- Target construction data is supplied from the target construction data generation device 70 to the control device 50.
- the target excavation landform data acquisition unit 53 acquires the target construction data supplied from the target construction data generation device 70 (step S10).
- the bucket position data is supplied from the blade edge position detector 34 to the control device 50.
- the bucket position data acquisition unit 52 acquires bucket position data from the blade edge position detector 34 (step S20).
- the distance data acquisition unit 54 determines the distance between the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform based on the target excavation landform acquired by the target excavation landform data acquisition unit 53 and the bucket position data acquired by the bucket position data acquisition unit 52. Distance data indicating D is calculated (step S30). Thereby, the distance data between the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform are acquired.
- the work machine target speed determination unit 57 determines the work machine speed limit Vr based on the distance data. As described with reference to FIG. 8, map data indicating the relationship between the distance D and the work implement speed limit Vr is stored in the storage unit 62. The work machine target speed determination unit 57 determines the work machine speed limit Vr corresponding to the distance D based on the distance data acquired by the distance data acquisition unit 54 and the map data stored in the storage unit 62. .
- the work machine target speed determination unit 57 performs ground leveling assist control based on the determined work machine speed limit Vr and at least one of the arm operation amount and the bucket operation amount acquired by the operation amount data acquisition unit 56.
- a boom target speed Vb is calculated.
- the work implement control unit 61 When the distance D is equal to or less than the second threshold value H2, the work implement control unit 61 outputs a control signal for controlling the boom cylinder 23 to the control valve 45C so that the boom 13 moves based on the boom target speed Vb. (Step S50). Thereby, the leveling assist control is started.
- the operation amount data acquisition unit 56 acquires operation amount data indicating the operation amount of the operating device 40 that operates the hydraulic cylinder 20 that drives the work machine 1 (step S60).
- the operation amount data acquisition unit 56 acquires bucket operation amount data indicating at least the operation amount of the bucket operation lever in the operation device 40.
- the operation amount data acquisition unit 56 can acquire bucket operation amount data of the bucket operation lever based on detection data of the pressure sensors 49A and 49B.
- the operation determination unit 58 determines whether or not the operation device 40 is operated in a predetermined manner based on the operation amount data acquired by the operation amount data acquisition unit 56. In the present embodiment, the operation determination unit 58 determines whether or not a bucket operation lever that is at least the operation device 40 that operates the bucket 11 among the operation devices 40 is not operated.
- the bucket control determination unit 59 determines that the bucket operation lever of the controller device 40 is not operated and the distance is based on the distance data acquired in step S30 and the determination data regarding whether or not the bucket operation lever is not operated. It is determined whether or not a bucket control condition in which D is equal to or less than the first threshold value H1 and the arm 12 is in a driving state is satisfied (step S70).
- step S70 When it is determined in step S70 that the bucket control condition is satisfied (step S70: Yes), the control start angle data acquisition unit 60 determines the attitude of the work implement 1 at the time when it is determined that the bucket control condition is satisfied. Bucket control start angle data is acquired. The work implement control unit 61 determines the bucket control start angle in the bucket control based on the bucket control start angle data acquired by the control start angle data acquisition unit 60 (step S80).
- the work machine control unit 61 controls at least the bucket cylinder 21 that drives the bucket 11 among the hydraulic cylinders 20 so that the posture of the work machine 1 is maintained at a constant angle in a state where the bucket control condition is satisfied.
- a control signal is output (step S90).
- the work machine control unit 61 outputs a control signal to the control valves 45A and 45B for controlling the bucket cylinder 21 to perform bucket control.
- Step S70 when it is determined that the bucket control condition is not satisfied (Step S70: No), the process returns to Step S10.
- the hydraulic cylinder 20 is driven based on the operation of the operation device 40 by the operator.
- bucket control for maintaining the posture of the work machine 1 at a constant angle is automatically started when the bucket control condition in which the operation device 40 is operated in a predetermined manner is satisfied. Is done. Thereby, even if an operator does not perform special operation, the bucket control in which the angle of the bucket 11 with respect to the target excavation landform is maintained at a fixed angle is automatically started.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining the effect of the control system 200 according to the present embodiment.
- the height of the bucket 11 and the attitude angle ⁇ 11 of the bucket 11 are controlled based on the bucket control, and excavation is started.
- the bucket control is canceled and the bucket angle is adjusted as indicated by the arrow y2.
- the bucket operation by the operator is performed.
- excavation is performed based on the bucket control as indicated by an arrow y3.
- the bucket control is canceled and the bucket angle is adjusted as indicated by an arrow y4.
- the bucket operation by the operator is performed.
- the operator only needs to operate the bucket 11 during the initial period of excavation or the final period of excavation.
- the bucket 11 can maintain the relative angle with the target excavation landform by performing the bucket control even if the operation of the bucket 11 by the operator is not performed. Thereby, operativity and construction accuracy improve.
- the operating device 40 for operating the bucket 11 is non-operating, the distance D between the bucket 11 and the target excavation landform is not more than the first threshold value H1, and the arm 12 is in the driving state.
- Bucket control is automatically started when certain bucket control conditions are met. Thereby, even if an operator does not perform special operation, the bucket control in which the angle of the bucket 11 with respect to the target excavation landform is maintained at a fixed angle is automatically started.
- Bucket control is automatically started when the bucket control lever of the operating device 40 is not operated, the distance D is equal to or less than the first threshold value H1, and the bucket control condition in which the arm 12 is in the drive state is satisfied. Therefore, the bucket control is started at an appropriate timing for finishing excavation.
- the bucket control is not performed, and the hydraulic cylinder 20 is driven based on the operation of the operation device 40. Therefore, the operation of the operation device 40 by the operator can be reflected in the driving of the bucket 11.
- bucket control is performed in a state where the angle of the bucket 11 at the time point when it is determined that the bucket control condition is satisfied is maintained. Therefore, the operator can set the angle of the bucket 11 in the bucket control only by returning the bucket operation lever to the neutral position, for example.
- the operating device 40 is provided in the excavator 100.
- the operating device 40 may be provided in a remote place away from the excavator 100, and the excavator 100 may be remotely operated.
- a command signal indicating the operation amount of the work machine 1 is wirelessly transmitted to the excavator 100 from an operation device 40 provided at a remote place.
- the operation amount data acquisition unit 56 of the control device 50 acquires a command signal indicating the operation amount transmitted wirelessly.
- the construction machine 100 is the hydraulic excavator 100.
- the control device 50 and the control method described in the above-described embodiment can be applied to general construction machines having work machines other than the hydraulic excavator 100.
- GPS antenna 32 ... Attitude detector, 33 ... Direction detection 34 ... Blade position detector 40 ... Operating device 41 ... Direction control valve 42 ... Main hydraulic pump 43 ... Sub hydraulic pump 44A, 44B, 4 C: Oil passage, 45A, 45B, 45C ... Control valve, 46A, 46B ... Pressure sensor, 47A, 47B ... Oil passage, 48 ... Shuttle valve, 49A, 49B ... Pressure sensor, 50 ... Control device, 51 ... Body position data Acquisition unit, 52 ... bucket position data acquisition unit, 53 ... target excavation landform data acquisition unit, 54 ... distance data acquisition unit, 56 ... operation amount data acquisition unit, 57 ... work machine target speed determination unit, 58 ... operation determination unit, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 59 ...
- Bucket control determination part 60 ... Control start angle data acquisition part, 61 ... Work machine control part, 62 ... Memory
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施形態に係る建設機械100の一例を示す斜視図である。本実施形態においては、建設機械100が油圧ショベルである例について説明する。以下の説明においては、建設機械100を適宜、油圧ショベル100、と称する。
操作装置40が操作されることにより、バケット11のダンプ動作、バケット11の掘削動作、アーム12のダンプ動作、アーム12の掘削動作、ブーム13の上げ動作、及びブーム13の下げ動作が実行される。
図3は、本実施形態に係る作業機制御に基づいて駆動される作業機2の動作の一例を説明するための模式図である。本実施形態において、作業機制御は、整地アシスト制御及びバケット制御を含む。
次に、本実施形態に係る油圧システム300の一例について説明する。バケットシリンダ21、アームシリンダ22、及びブームシリンダ23を含む油圧シリンダ20は、油圧システム300により作動する。油圧シリンダ20は、操作装置40及び制御装置50の少なくとも一方により操作される。
次に、本実施形態に係る油圧ショベル100の制御システム200について説明する。図6は、本実施形態に係る制御システム200の一例を示す機能ブロック図である。
次に、本実施形態に係る油圧ショベル100の制御方法について、図9を参照して説明する。図9は、本実施形態に係る油圧ショベル100の制御方法を示すフローチャートである。
以上説明したように、本実施形態によれば、操作装置40が所定操作されているバケット制御条件が満たされているとき、作業機1の姿勢を一定角度に維持するバケット制御が自動的に開始される。これにより、オペレータが特別な操作を実施しなくても、目標掘削地形に対するバケット11の角度が一定角度に維持されるバケット制御が自動的に開始される。
Claims (7)
- 少なくともバケットを含む作業機を備える建設機械の制御装置であって、
前記作業機の操作量を示す操作量データを取得する操作量データ取得部と、
前記操作量データに基づいて前記バケットの非操作状態を判定する操作判定部と、
前記非操作状態の判定に基づいてバケット制御条件が満たされているか否かを判定するバケット制御判定部と、
前記バケット制御条件が満たされていると判定された場合前記作業機の状態が維持されるように前記バケットを制御する制御信号を出力する作業機制御部と、
を備える建設機械の制御装置。 - 前記作業機は、ブーム及びアームを更に含み、
前記バケット制御条件が満たされている状態において維持される前記作業機の状態は、前記作業機の姿勢である、
請求項1に記載の建設機械の制御装置。 - 前記バケット制御条件が満たされたと判定されたときの前記作業機の姿勢を示すバケット制御開始角度データを取得する制御開始角度データ取得部を備え、
前記作業機制御部は、前記バケット制御条件が満たされている状態において前記作業機の姿勢が前記バケット制御開始角度に維持されるように前記バケットの角度を制御する制御信号を出力する、
請求項2に記載の建設機械の制御装置。 - 前記バケットと目標掘削地形との距離を示す距離データを取得する距離データ取得部を備え、
前記バケット制御条件は、前記距離が第1閾値以下であり且つ前記アームが駆動状態であることを含む、
請求項3に記載の建設機械の制御装置。 - 前記距離に基づいて前記作業機の制限速度を決定する作業機目標速度決定部を備え、
前記作業機制御部は、前記距離が前記第1閾値よりも大きい第2閾値以下であると判定されたとき、前記作業機が前記制限速度に基づいて移動するように前記ブームを制御する制御信号を出力する、
請求項2から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の建設機械の制御装置。 - 前記バケット制御条件が満たされていないと判定されたとき、前記作業機は、前記操作装置の操作に基づいて駆動される、
請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の建設機械の制御装置。 - 少なくともバケットを含む作業機を備える建設機械の制御方法であって、
前記作業機の操作量を示す操作量データを取得することと、
前記操作量データに基づいて前記バケットの非操作状態を判定することと、
前記非操作状態の判定に基づいてバケット制御条件が満たされているか否かを判定することと、
前記バケット制御条件が満たされていると判定された場合前記作業機の状態が維持されるように前記バケットを制御する制御信号を出力することと、
を含む建設機械の制御方法。
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