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WO2016206581A1 - 一种cng安全高效运输船气货系统 - Google Patents

一种cng安全高效运输船气货系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016206581A1
WO2016206581A1 PCT/CN2016/086600 CN2016086600W WO2016206581A1 WO 2016206581 A1 WO2016206581 A1 WO 2016206581A1 CN 2016086600 W CN2016086600 W CN 2016086600W WO 2016206581 A1 WO2016206581 A1 WO 2016206581A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
pipe
cylinder
cng
safe
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Application number
PCT/CN2016/086600
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王会赏
王五开
李书磊
刘玉红
韩晓燕
张志辉
侯雄伟
白华琴
张占武
张洪
Original Assignee
石家庄安瑞科气体机械有限公司
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Application filed by 石家庄安瑞科气体机械有限公司 filed Critical 石家庄安瑞科气体机械有限公司
Publication of WO2016206581A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016206581A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to a compressed gas marine transportation system, and relates to a CNG transportation ship, in particular to a CNG safe and efficient transportation ship gas cargo system.
  • a compressed natural gas (CNG) transport vessel is a cargo ship that transports compressed natural gas. It is increasingly favored because it does not require expensive facilities such as liquefaction plants and regasification terminals, which is conducive to reducing shipping costs.
  • US Patent No. 4,846,088 discloses a method of transporting compressed natural gas having a storage vessel above a deck or deck of a marine barge, including a plurality of pressures formed by ducted pipes horizontally placed on the deck of the barge. bottle.
  • the disadvantage of this method of transport is that the number of pressure bottles is limited because these pressure bottles are placed above the deck.
  • the amount of gas that can be loaded by a single barge is greatly limited, resulting in the price of the unit loading gas. Raise.
  • US Patent Application No. 96291260.X which is filed in the United States, discloses a compressed natural gas shipping system in which a compressed gas storage container is provided, each of which includes 3 to 30 compressed gas storage containers. Cylinders, cylinders are installed in the cabin in a vertical direction, and the cabin is covered with hatch covers to prevent entry into the sea. The system does not disclose the fixing method of the gas cylinder. It is well known that the sea transportation is different from the land. Due to the influence of the waves and the bad weather, the transportation ship often bumps up and down and swings left and right during the driving process. Therefore, the fixing of the gas cylinder is safe. The primary problem of transportation is solved; and in the above system, all the cylinders are covered with hatch covers.
  • the compressed natural gas carrier has a gas permeable mast disposed on the cargo tank cover, the gas permeable mast comprising a hollow tubular structure and a vent line disposed on the shaft through the vent line Natural gas leaking from the cylinder mouth is discharged to the outside of the cargo hold; however, this structure increases the complexity of the piping setup.
  • the patent application No. 200680023284.X discloses a compressed natural gas transport vessel in which the upper tanks are arranged in a closed space except for the upper ends, and the upper ends of the tanks are provided with a side wall, and an extension sleeve is arranged on the deck.
  • the tank is suspended directly on the extension joint by means of the side wall, and all the matching pipelines are arranged outside the cabin.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a CNG safe and efficient transport ship gas cargo system, which can limit the bottom and middle portions of the gas storage unit and the hull and the top end to expand freely, thereby reducing the impact of the hull bump and the sway on the gas storage unit.
  • the force and the isolation of the gas storage unit and the pipeline improve the safety factor of the CNG carrier and are suitable for the harsh marine environment.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
  • the utility model relates to a CNG safe and efficient transport ship gas cargo system, which comprises a hull, a gas storage unit limited to the hull body, a supporting pipeline system, and a corresponding control unit and a servo mechanism, wherein the gas storage unit is arranged in the closed cabin, a gas cylinder group arranged vertically along the hull, the upper end of the gas cylinder extending out of the airtight compartment by means of the upper end plug assembly, the supporting pipeline system being arranged above the airtight compartment by means of the upper end plug assembly and the controlled pneumatic valve
  • the bottle is connected to the open and close, and the control unit and its associated manual control unit and random detection display unit are disposed on both sides of the tour channel above the airtight compartment.
  • the lower end of the gas cylinder is restrained by the swing damper mechanism and the bottom of the hull, the central portion is restrained by the keel on the hull by the strap assembly, and the upper end is flexibly restricted by the upper end plug assembly and the hatch of the closed compartment.
  • the swing damping mechanism comprises a flange threadedly connected to a lower bottle opening of the gas cylinder, a flange having a spherical boss, and a flange bracket welded to the cylinder base and carrying the spherical boss;
  • the flange is restrained on the base of the cylinder by a pre-tightening bolt with a cushioning shock absorbing component, and forms a swing limit structure with the flange bracket.
  • the keel is connected between the two sides of the ship, and the positioning plate of the limiting cylinder is arranged on the keel.
  • the strap assembly comprises a strap around the cylinder, and a stud nut disposed on the keel and positioned at both ends of the strap.
  • the cylinder is formed with a limiting structure between the positioning plate and the strap; the height of the strap is not lower than the height of the center of gravity of the cylinder.
  • the hull is divided into 3 to 6 closed compartments by means of a partition, the cylinders are arranged in the axial direction of the hull in the closed compartment, and the loading and unloading gas branching pipes communicating with the upper plug assembly are collected in the middle of the two cylinders.
  • the unit air inlet pipe, each unit air pipe is collected to the loading and unloading gas main pipe through the first half main pipe or the rear half main pipe, and the two ends of the loading and unloading gas main pipe extend to both sides of the hull, respectively, by means of loading and unloading air seat bending pipe and loading and unloading air seat Connected.
  • the bottom of the cylinder is limited by the swing damping mechanism to reduce the impact force on the cylinder when the hull is bumped and swayed.
  • the convex spherical surface of the spherical flange is used.
  • the swing limit structure is formed between the flange ring and the buffer damper mechanism, so that when the hull swings side to side or bumps up and down, the cylinder bottle integrally connected with the flange can be buffered during the swinging of the hull.
  • the follow-up adjustment absorbs the upward or downward stress applied from the hull to the cylinder, which is equivalent to forming an oscillating bearing, which reduces the impact stress applied to the bottle or the cylinder support due to inertia.
  • the safety of the gas cylinder is positioned to accommodate the bumps and sway of the hull; the strap is fixed in the middle, the upper hatch is free to expand, and the hatch hole is sealed, and the friction between the middle strap and the bottle can also be limited.
  • the beneficial effects produced by the above technical solution are as follows: (1)
  • the bottom swinging limit of the gas cylinder in the present invention, the middle limit by the strap, and the two-point limit structure enables the bottle body to adapt according to the bump and sway of the hull.
  • the swing adjustment reduces the impact of the hull on the bottle body and the cylinder support, and improves the safety of the cylinder positioning during the driving of the CNG ship; (2) the top seal can form a closed cabin environment on the one hand, keeping the cabin safe.
  • the positioning method of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, simple operation of loading and unloading gas, control system and
  • the supporting pipelines are all arranged above the airtight compartment, and are convenient for pipeline maintenance, overhaul, and cylinder pressure monitoring and emergency treatment.
  • the set keel increases the stability of the hull.
  • Figure 1 is a front view showing the structure of a CNG ship of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a top plan view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic left side view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the limit structure of the bottom of the gas cylinder of Figure 3
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged plan view showing the position limit structure of the middle portion of the gas cylinder of Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the upper end plug assembly
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the upper part of the cylinder and the supporting pipeline along the axial direction of the ship;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the upper part of the cylinder, the loading and unloading gas line and the sewage line in the radial direction of the ship;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic enlarged view of the structure of Figure 2;
  • Figure 10 is a front view showing the structure of the safety discharge pipe
  • 1 represents the hull, 2, cylinder, 2-1, lower bottle mouth, 2-2, upper bottle mouth, 2-3, outlet tube, 2-4, ring convex, 2-5, valve seat, 2 -6, end plug, 2-7, sewage outlet, 2-8, inlet and outlet air hole, 3, cylinder base, 4, keel, 5, closed compartment, 5-1, hatch, 5-1-1, Boss, the following B1 ⁇ B7 means the bottom limit of the cylinder, B1, pre-tightening bolt, B2, flange, B3, rubber spring, B4, sealing washer, B5, butterfly spring, B6, cap type sealing sleeve , B7, flange ring, the following M1 ⁇ M5 represents the middle part of the cylinder positioning, M1, strap, M2, positioning plate, M3, stud nut pair, M4, rubber cushion, M5, connecting ribs, T1 Organ pipe type sealing sleeve; 6-1, loading and unloading gas main pipe, 6-2, loading and unloading air seat, 6-3, loading
  • the CNG safe and efficient transport ship cargo system of the present embodiment includes a hull 1, a gas storage unit limited to the hull 1, a supporting pipeline system, and a corresponding control unit and servo mechanism, in the closed compartment 5.
  • a group of gas cylinders arranged vertically along the hull, the upper end of the cylinder 2 extending out of the airtight compartment 5 by means of the upper end plug assembly, the supporting piping system being arranged in the closed compartment by means of the upper end plug assembly and the controlled pneumatic valve 5 above, with the gas cylinder to open and close, the control unit And its associated hand control components and random detection display components are disposed on both sides of the cruise channel above the airtight compartment 5.
  • the hatch cover 5-1 of the airtight compartment 5 of the hull 1 can be walked on or mounted with other components.
  • the invention sets the supporting pipeline system above the hatch 5-1; the cylinder 2 is arranged from the bottom of the hull, which reduces the height of the center of gravity of the CNG vessel, and is beneficial to the safe and smooth operation of the CNG carrier.
  • the cylinders of the gas cylinders are all enclosed in the closed compartment 5, and sealed.
  • the gas cylinders are separated from the pipelines to prevent natural gas from leaking from the pipelines or pipeline joints into the closed compartments, causing accidents and improving the safety of CNG vessels. Sex.
  • the invention limits the cylinder from the bottom and the middle, and the top passes through the hatch 5-1 through the upper end plug assembly, the cylinder can expand freely; and all the inlet and outlet pipelines are divided into systems, sewage pipelines, and safely discharged.
  • the pipeline system such as the pipeline sub-system and the N 2 purge pipeline sub-system are arranged outside the airtight compartment 5, which facilitates the maintenance of the pipeline on the one hand and avoids the explosion of natural gas leakage in the cabin on the other hand.
  • the safety of gas cylinders is one of the most important aspects of safe transportation.
  • the lower end of the gas cylinder 2 is restrained by the swing damper mechanism and the bottom of the hull 1, the middle portion is damped by the keel 4 on the hull 1 by the strap assembly, and the upper end is closed by the upper end plug assembly and the hatch 5 of the closed compartment 5. -1 flexible limit.
  • the swing damping mechanism comprises a threaded fit of the lower bottle opening 2-1 of the gas cylinder 2, a flange B2 having a spherical boss, and a flange bracket welded to the cylinder base 3 and carrying the spherical boss
  • the flange B7 is restrained on the cylinder base 3 by a pre-tightening bolt B1 provided with a cushioning shock absorbing assembly, and forms a swing limiting structure with the flange bracket B7.
  • the cylinder base 3 is welded to the bottom of the hull 1 to help reduce the center of gravity of the cylinder.
  • the flange ring B7 may be a tapered hole seat or a spherical hole seat matched with a spherical boss.
  • the structure of the cushioning shock absorbing assembly includes a rubber spring B3 and a butterfly spring B5 which are respectively disposed on the pre-tightening bolt B1 and are respectively disposed at upper and lower end faces of the cylinder base 3.
  • the rubber spring B3 and the butterfly spring B5 have a buffering and shock absorbing effect on the bottle body.
  • the pre-tightening bolt B1 positions the flange B2 on the cylinder base 3 with a certain pre-tightening force
  • a rubber spring B3 is arranged between the flange B2 and the upper end surface of the cylinder base 3, in the pre-tightening.
  • a butterfly spring B5 is disposed between the lower end of the force bolt B1, the lower end surface of the cylinder base 3, and the nut of the pre-tightening bolt B1.
  • the position of the nut on the bolt is designed.
  • the butterfly spring B5 and the rubber spring B3 are kept at a certain degree of compression, and in the case where the cylinder 2 is subjected to vertical acceleration, the compressed rubber spring B3 and the stretched butterfly spring B5 are common.
  • the buffer absorbs the external load impact force received by the cylinder 2; when the external load impact force disappears, the cylinder 2 is reset to the initial position by the tensioned butterfly spring B5.
  • the setting of the shock absorbing mechanism can effectively prevent the cylinder 2 from being subjected to the vertical acceleration, and the inner wall is deformed and damaged, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the cylinder 2 leaking.
  • the lubricating oil is filled between the flange B2 and the flange ring B7 and sealed by the sealing ring; the lubricating oil increases the lubrication between the flange B2 and the flange ring B7, and has the function of preventing corrosion.
  • a sealing gasket B4 is further disposed between the lower end surface of the cylinder base 3 and the butterfly spring B5, and a cap-shaped sealing sleeve B6 covering the outside of the butterfly spring B5 is fitted on the sealing gasket B4.
  • the sealed cap seal B6 prevents rusting of the butterfly spring B5 and improves the cylinder safety system.
  • the keel 4 is connected between two ships, and the keel 4 is provided with a positioning plate M2 of the limiting cylinder 2, and the strap assembly includes a strap M1 surrounding the cylinder 2. And a stud nut pair M3 disposed on the keel 4 and the two ends of the strap M1, the cylinder 2 forms a limit structure between the positioning plate M2 and the strap M1; the setting height of the strap M1 is not low The height of the center of gravity of the cylinder 2.
  • the cylinder 2 and the hull 1 are floated and positioned by using the bottom and middle limits, which can not only move synchronously with the hull 1, but also relieve the impact of the hull 1 bump and sway on the cylinder, and realize the cylinder 2 A combination of effective limits and random swings.
  • the height of the strap M1 is not lower than the height of the center of gravity of the cylinder 2 to ensure the stability of the cylinder 2, and the design height of the strap M1 is preferably 0.6 to 0.7 times the height of the bottle.
  • a connecting rib M5 perpendicular to the keel 4 is disposed between the two adjacent keels 4, and the two ends of the positioning yoke are respectively positioned with the keel 4 and the connecting rib M5, and the middle portion is disposed corresponding to the outer wall of the gas cylinder 2 Connection.
  • the abutment portion forms a support for the cylinder 2 cylinder, and on the other hand, the positioning plate M2 also has a certain buffering effect on the cylinder. Positioning the backing plate M2 makes the positioning of the strap more convenient.
  • a rubber cushion M4 is disposed between the positioning plate M2 and the gas cylinder 2 and between the strap M1 and the gas cylinder 2, on the one hand, the friction between the strap M1 and the gas cylinder 2 is increased, and on the other hand, the gas cylinder 2 is
  • the hull 1 forms a buffer between the hulls 1 and has a protective effect on the gas cylinder 2.
  • the upper end plug assembly is shown in Fig. 6.
  • the structure includes an end plug 2-6 which is matched with the upper bottle opening 2-2 of the gas cylinder 2, and has an inlet and outlet air passage 2-8 and a sewage outlet 2-7.
  • a discharge tube 2-3 connected to the end plug 2-6, and a valve seat 2-5 disposed on the discharge tube 2-3, the middle of the discharge tube 2-3 passing through the hatch 5-1, and It is sealed with the hatch 5-1 by means of the organ tube gland T1.
  • the outlet tube 2-3 adopts a double-armed tube structure, and the outer tube and the inner tube cavity formed are respectively connected with the inlet and outlet air through holes 2-8 and the sewage outlet 2-7, and the valve seat 2-5 An inlet and outlet valve and a drain valve respectively connected to the inlet and outlet gas passage holes 2-8 and the sewage outlet 2-7 are provided.
  • the upper part of the gas cylinder 2 is pierced out of the hatch 5-1 by means of the outlet tube 2-3, and the upper end of the cylinder 2 is free, so that the cylinder 2 can be freely expanded or contracted, and the binding of the two ends to the cylinder 2 can be reduced.
  • the sealing structure of the present embodiment is shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8: the hatch cover 5-1 is disposed corresponding to the outlet tube 2-3.
  • the outlet hole is larger than the exit hole 2-3, and the boss 5-1-1 is arranged around the exit hole; the outlet tube 2-3 which is taken out of the hatch 5-1 is set Annular convex 2-4, the organ tubular sealing sleeve T1 is set between the annular convex 2-4 and the boss 5-1-1 to form a flexible limit and sealing structure.
  • the organ pipe seal sleeve T1 can be designed in a multi-stage structure, and different levels of the organ tube seal sleeve T1 can be used according to the curvature of the cabin top.
  • the hull 1 is divided into 3 to 6 closed compartments 5 by means of a partition plate.
  • the gas cylinders 2 are arranged in the axial direction of the hull in the closed compartment 5, and the loading and unloading gas branch pipes 6-7 communicating with the upper end plug assembly are collected.
  • the unit manifold 6-4 in the middle of the two cylinders, each unit manifold 6-4 is collected to the loading and unloading gas main pipe 6-1 via the front half main pipe 6-5 or the rear half main pipe 6-6, respectively, the loading and unloading gas main pipe
  • Both ends of 6-1 extend to both sides of the hull 1, and are respectively connected to the loading and unloading seat 6-2 by means of the loading and unloading air tube 6-3.
  • the loading and unloading gas pipeline sub-system further includes control valves respectively disposed on the unit air outlet pipe 6-4, the front half zone main pipe 6-5, the rear half zone main pipe 6-6, and the loading and unloading gas main pipe 6-1, wherein the control system is The corresponding output ends are respectively connected to the control ends of the respective control valves.
  • Each unit of the gas pipe is provided with a pressure guiding pipe connected to the pressure gauge, and the output end of the pressure gauge is connected to a corresponding input end of the control unit.
  • the control of each pipeline is achieved by a pressure signal.
  • the unit manifold 6-4 is closed at one end, and the unit main valve-pneumatic ball valve is installed at the end near the diaphragm bulkhead.
  • the control mode is inflation opening, pressure relief closing; manual/automatic conversion between the valve and the pneumatic actuator
  • the device can be manually operated on the valve; the valve position detecting switch is provided, and the opening and closing state of the valve can be determined by an electric signal.
  • each unit is combined to form the front half of the main pipe 6-5, along the right side of the top of the tank to the middle, the front half of the main valve - pneumatic ball valve, then connected to the loading and unloading gas main 6-1, the latter half of the unit summary Form the rear half of the main pipe 6-6, along the left side of the top of the tank to the middle, install the rear half of the total valve - pneumatic ball valve, and then access the loading and unloading gas main pipe 6-1, both valves are equipped with valve position detection switch, can The opening and closing state of the valve is determined by an electrical signal.
  • a safety discharge valve 9-6 is provided on each of the unit air intake pipe 6-4, the loading and unloading gas main pipe 6-1, and the loading and unloading air pipe bending pipe 6-3.
  • the safety discharge valve 9-6 is in communication with a safety discharge line sub-system comprising a vertical discharge pipe 9-1 communicating with the safety discharge valve 9-6, and being disposed in the vertical discharge pipe 9-1
  • the emergency venting valve 9-5 is also connected to each of the unit snorkels 6-4, and the emergency venting valve 9-5 and the safety venting valve 9-6 are respectively inclined by the downwardly inclined pipeline and the vertical
  • the discharge pipe 9-1 is connected; the bottom end of the vertical discharge pipe 9-1 and the vertical discharge port 9-3 are respectively provided with a drain ball valve.
  • the downwardly inclined pipeline can be used to discharge corrosive liquid into the vertical discharge pipe 9-1 and discharged through the discharge ball valve 9-1-1 at the lower end of the vertical discharge pipe 9-1 to reduce corrosion of the pipeline and maintain The pipeline is clean.
  • the safety discharge line communicates with the loading and unloading gas line system via at least one safety discharge valve 9-6 and at least one emergency discharge valve 9-5 to form an overpressure discharge mechanism and an emergency discharge mechanism of the loading and unloading gas line;
  • the respective output ends are connected to the safety discharge valve 9-6 and the control end of the emergency discharge valve 9-5, which is also provided with a manual valve.
  • the longitudinal discharge pipe 9-2 and the horizontal discharge pipe 9-4 are higher than the hatch cover by 1.5 to 2.5 m, and are supported by the U-shaped pipe clamp and the pillars welded on the closed compartment 5; the vertical discharge ⁇ 9-3 is high.
  • the hatch cover 5-1 is about 5.5 ⁇ 6.5m, the top is equipped with a flame arrester and a waterproof cover, and a combustible gas detection probe is arranged on the top of the waterproof cover.
  • the flammable gas detection probe When the flammable gas detection probe detects that there is flammable gas overflow at the discharge dome, an alarm signal will be sent to the central control room.
  • the operator can find the cause of the danger, which may be abnormal discharge or leakage of the safety valve, or leakage of the emergency discharge valve.
  • Emissions are provided in the front and rear half of the left and right sides of the hull.
  • the leak point is further locked according to the discharge ⁇ lock leak zone.
  • a sewage branch pipe 7-2 communicating with the sewage valve is further disposed on the valve seat 2-5, a unit sewage pipe 7-1 disposed between the two gas cylinders and collecting the sewage branch pipe 7-2, and a drain pipe or a rear pipe by the front half zone a sewage main pipe communicating with the sewage discharge pipe 7-1 of each unit and a gas-liquid separation tank communicating with the sewage discharge pipe, and a stainless steel pipe extending into the bottom of the gas cylinder 2 and communicating with the sewage discharge valve is further disposed in the gas cylinder .
  • a three-way valve is disposed on the first half sewage pipe 7-4 and the second half sewage pipe 7-5, wherein one of the pipes is connected with the sewage main pipe 7-6, and is equipped with a pressure resistant glass pipe and a matching manual valve to form Sewage observation circuit.
  • the pressure-resistant glass tube can withstand pressures below 2 ⁇ 3MPa, so the manual valve can be used to isolate the high and low pressure. Only when the cylinder pressure drops to the specified pressure, the manual valve is opened. At this time, the gas connected to the sewage pipeline is connected. Since the liquid separation tank 7-7 is at normal pressure, the residual hydraulic pressure at the bottom of the cylinder can be used in the gas-liquid separation tank 7-7 by the residual pressure in the cylinder. The discharge can be observed by means of pressure-resistant glass tubes 7-8.
  • the control unit includes a sub-control station disposed on both sides of the central passage above the airtight compartment 5 and corresponding to the cylinder section, and the sub-control station is provided with an electric control box and a pneumatic control box.
  • the CNG carrier of the present invention separates the cylinder body from the pipeline and the control system.
  • the cylinder is set from the bottom of the hull, and the top is pierced by the outlet tube, and the bottle is sealed.
  • the cabin, piping and control system are placed above the hatch to increase the safety of CNG shipping.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

一种CNG运输船气货系统，包括船体(1)，限位在船体(1)内的储气单元、配套管路系统、以及相应的控制单元和伺服机构。储气单元包括设置在密闭舱(5)内、沿船体呈竖直排布的气瓶(2)组。气瓶(2)的上端借助上端塞组件伸出密闭舱(5)之外。配套管路系统借助于上端塞组件和受控气动阀门设置在密闭舱(5)上方，与气瓶实现通、断连接。控制单元及其附属手控部件和随机检测显示部件设置在密闭舱(5)上方的巡回通道两侧。该气货系统将气瓶瓶体与管路和控制系统分开设置，瓶体设在密闭的船舱内，管路和控制系统设置在舱盖上方，提高了CNG船运输的安全性。

Description

一种CNG安全高效运输船气货系统 技术领域
本发明属于压缩气体海上运输系统，涉及一种CNG运输船，尤其是一种CNG安全高效运输船气货系统。
背景技术
压缩天然气(CNG)运输船是指运送压缩天然气的货船，由于无需液化装置和再气化终端等昂贵的设施，有利于降低船运成本，因此日益受到青睐。申请号为US4,846,088的美国专利公开了一种运输压缩天然气的方法，其在海上驳船的甲板或甲板以上设有储藏容器，包括许多由水平安放在驳船甲板上的管道式管子所形成的压力瓶。该运输方法的缺点是压力瓶数量上受到限制，因为这些压力瓶是放在甲板以上，为了保持驳船足够的稳定性，大大限制了单艘驳船所能装载的气体量，导致单位装载气体的价格升高。
美国恩朗液化天然气发展有限公司在中国申请的申请为96191260.X的专利公开了一种压缩天然气船运系统，其在船上设置了压缩气体储存容器，每个压缩气体储存容器包括3～30个气瓶，气瓶以垂直方向安装在船舱内，船舱用舱口盖盖住，以防在海水进入。该系统中未公开气瓶的固定方式，总所周知，海上运输不同于陆地，其受海浪及恶劣天气的影响，运输船在行驶过程经常上下颠簸、左右摇摆，因此，气瓶的固定是安全运输首要解决的问题；而且上述系统中将气瓶全部用舱口盖盖住，万一发生了压缩天然气的泄漏，后果不堪设想，在CNG运输船上如何将泄漏的天然气排放至货舱外也是一个亟待解决的技术问题，申请号为201420667174.9的专利公开的压缩天然气运输船在货舱盖上设置了透气桅杆，所述透气桅杆包括一中空管状结构的杆体和设置在杆体上的通气管路，通过通气管路将气瓶瓶口泄漏的天然气排放至货舱外；但是该结构增加管路设置的复杂性。
在中国申请号为200680023284.X的专利公开了一种压缩天然气运输船，其上的储罐除了上端均在密闭的空间内，这些储罐的上端配备一个边围，在甲板上设置延展套节，将储罐借助边围直接悬挂在了延展套节上，所有配套管路均设置在船舱外。该结构虽然降低了天然气可能泄露的风险，但是储罐借助边围直接悬挂在了延展套节的结构安全性较差。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其将储气单元的底部和中部与船体限位、顶端自由膨胀，减小船体颠簸和摇摆对储气单元的冲击力，并实现储气单元与管路的隔离，提高了CNG运输船的安全系数，适用于恶劣的海上环境。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，包括船体，限位在船体内的储气单元、配套管路系统、以及相应的控制单元和伺服机构，所述储气单元包括设置在密闭舱内、沿船体呈竖直排布的气瓶组，气瓶上端借助上端塞组件伸出密闭舱之外，所述配套管路系统借助于上端塞组件和受控气动阀门设置在密闭舱上方、与气瓶实现通、断连接，所述控制单元及其附属手控部件和随机检测显示部件设置在密闭舱上方的巡回通道两侧。
所述气瓶的下端借助摆动减震机构与船体底部限位、中部借助绑带组件与船体上的龙骨阻尼限位、上端借助所述上端塞组件与密闭舱的舱盖柔性限位。
优选的，所述摆动减震机构包括与气瓶的下瓶口螺纹连接、具有球面凸台的法兰，以及焊接在气瓶底座上、承载所述球面凸台的法兰托圈；所述法兰借助套装有缓冲减震组件的预紧力螺栓限位在气瓶底座上、与法兰托圈形成摆动限位结构。
所述龙骨连接在两船舷之间，龙骨上设置限位气瓶的定位靠板，所述绑带组件包括环绕气瓶的绑带、以及设置在龙骨上与绑带两端定位的螺柱螺母副，所述气瓶在定位靠板与绑带之间形成限位结构；绑带的设置高度不低于气瓶的重心高度。
所述船体借助隔板分隔为3～6个密闭舱，所述气瓶在密闭舱内按列沿船体轴向排布，与上端塞组件连通的装卸气支管汇集至设置在两列气瓶中间的单元汇气管，各单元汇气管分别经前半区总管或后半区总管汇集至装卸气总管，所述装卸气总管的两端延伸至船体两侧、分别借助装卸气座弯管与装卸气座连通。
上述技术方案中，气瓶底部借助摆动减震机构使气瓶与船体限位，减小船体颠簸和摇摆时对气瓶的冲击力，在进一步改进的优选方案中，采用球面法兰的凸球面与法兰托圈之间、借助缓冲减震机构形成摆动限位结构，这样当船体左右摇摆或上下颠簸时，与法兰一体连接的气瓶瓶体可以在随船体摆动过程中，进行缓冲和随动调整，吸收来自船体对气瓶施加的向上或者向下的应力，相当于形成了一个摆动支座，减小船体由于惯性而施加到瓶体或者气瓶支座上的冲击应力，提高了气瓶定位的安全性，以适应船体的颠簸和摇摆；在中部用绑带固定、上部穿出舱盖自由膨胀，并将出舱孔密封，中部绑带与瓶体之间的摩擦还能够限制船体施加给气瓶的旋转作用力。
采用上述技术方案产生的有益效果在于：(1)本发明中气瓶底部摆动限位、中部借助绑带限位，两点限位的结构使瓶体能够根据船体的颠簸和摇摆进行相适应性的摆动调整，从而降低了船体对瓶体和气瓶支座的冲击，提高了CNG船行驶过程气瓶定位的安全性；(2)顶部密封一方面可以形成密闭的船舱环境，使船舱内保持安全的环境，另一方面防止 解决恶劣海上环境对瓶体造成侵蚀；(3)借助上端塞组件将配套管路系统架设在密闭舱的上方，实现了气瓶与管路的隔离设置，提高了CNG运输船的安全性；竖直排布的瓶体提高了单船的运气量，配套管路采用气瓶分级集中的方式，能够高效地装卸气；(4)本发明的定位方式结构简单、装卸气操作简单，控制系统及配套管路均设置在密闭舱的上方，且便于管路维护、检修，以及气瓶气压的监测和紧急处理，设置的龙骨增加了船体的稳定性。
附图说明
图1是本发明CNG船的主视结构示意图；
图2是图1的俯视结构示意图；
图3是图2的左视结构示意图；
图4是图3中气瓶底部的限位结构的放大示意图
图5是图3中气瓶中部的限位结构俯视的放大示意图；
图6是上端塞组件的结构示意图；
图7是沿船轴向方向、气瓶上部及配套管路的结构示意图；
图8是沿船径向方向、气瓶上部及装卸气管路和排污管路的结构示意图；
图9是图2中A处的放大结构示意图；
图10是安全排放管路的主视结构示意图；
其中，1代表船体，2、气瓶，2-1、下瓶口，2-2、上瓶口，2-3、出仓管，2-4、环凸，2-5、阀座，2-6、端塞，2-7、排污口，2-8、进出气通孔，3、气瓶底座，4、龙骨，5、密闭舱，5-1、舱盖，5-1-1、凸台，以下B1～B7表示气瓶底部限位的部件，B1、预紧力螺栓，B2、法兰，B3、橡胶弹簧，B4、密封垫圈，B5、蝶形弹簧，B6、帽型密封套，B7、法兰托圈，以下M1～M5表示气瓶中部定位的部件，M1、绑带，M2、定位靠板，M3、螺柱螺母副，M4、橡胶靠垫，M5、连接筋，T1、风琴管式密封套；6-1、装卸气总管，6-2、装卸气座，6-3、装卸气座弯管，6-4、单元汇气管，6-5、前半区总管，6-6、后半区总管，6-7、装卸气支管，7-1、单元排污管，7-2、排污支管，9-1、垂直排放管，9-2、纵向排放管，9-3、垂直排放桅，9-4、横向排放管，9-5、紧急排放阀，9-6、安全排放阀。
具体实施方式
参见图1，本实施例的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，包括船体1，限位在船体1上的储气单元、配套管路系统以及相应的控制单元和伺服机构，在密闭舱5内、沿船体呈竖直排布的气瓶2组，气瓶2上端借助上端塞组件伸出密闭舱5之外，所述配套管路系统借助于上端塞组件和受控气动阀门设置在密闭舱5上方、与气瓶实现通、断连接，所述控制单元 及其附属手控部件和随机检测显示部件设置在密闭舱5上方的巡回通道两侧。
所述船体1的密闭舱5的舱盖5-1，其上均可以行走或安装其它的部件。本发明将配套管路系统设置在舱盖5-1上方；气瓶2从船体底部开始排布，降低了CNG船的重心高度，有利于CNG运输船的安全、平稳地运行。气瓶的瓶体全部密闭在密闭舱5内，并实现密封，气瓶与管路隔离设置，防止天然气从管路或管路接头处向密闭舱内泄漏而引发事故，提高了CNG船的安全性。
本发明将气瓶从底部和中部进行限位，顶部借助上端塞组件穿出舱盖5-1，气瓶可以自由膨胀；并将所有的进出气管路分系统、排污管路分系统、安全排放管路分系统以及N2吹扫管路分系统等管路系统设置在密闭舱5外，一方面便于管路的检修，另一方面避免天然气泄漏在舱内而引发爆炸事故。其中气瓶的安全固定是安全运输的最重要环节之一。所述气瓶2的下端借助摆动减震机构与船体1底部限位、中部借助绑带组件与船体1上的龙骨4阻尼限位、上端借助所述上端塞组件与密闭舱5的舱盖5-1柔性限位。
其中，所述摆动减震机构包括气瓶2的下瓶口2-1螺纹配合、具有球面凸台的法兰B2，以及焊接在气瓶底座3上、承载所述球面凸台的法兰托圈B7；所述法兰B2借助套装有缓冲减震组件的预紧力螺栓B1限位在气瓶底座3上、与法兰托圈B7形成摆动限位结构。气瓶底座3焊接在船体1的底部，有利于降低气瓶重心。所述法兰托圈B7可以是锥形孔座，或者与球面凸台配套的球形孔座。
所述缓冲减震组件的结构中包括套装在所述预紧力螺栓B1上、分别设置在气瓶底座3上下端面的橡胶弹簧B3和蝶形弹簧B5。橡胶弹簧B3和蝶形弹簧B5对瓶体具有缓冲和减震的作用。如图4所示，预紧力螺栓B1将法兰B2以一定的预紧力定位在气瓶底座3上，在法兰B2与气瓶底座3上端面之间设置橡胶弹簧B3，在预紧力螺栓B1下段、气瓶底座3下端面与预紧力螺栓B1的螺帽之间套装蝶形弹簧B5。安装时，首先，根据橡胶弹簧B3和蝶形弹簧B5的力学参数和尺寸以及预紧力，设计螺母在螺栓上的位置。当安装螺栓组件时，使蝶形弹簧B5和橡胶弹簧B3保持一定的压缩度，在气瓶2受到竖直向加速度的情况下，被压缩的橡胶弹簧B3和被拉伸的蝶形弹簧B5共同缓冲吸收气瓶2所受到的外部负载冲击力；当外部负载冲击力消失时，在被拉伸的蝶形弹簧B5的作用下气瓶2复位到初始位置。减震机构的设置，可有效防止气瓶2受到竖直向加速度的情况下，而发生内壁变形、损坏，有效降低了气瓶2产生泄漏的几率。当船体1左右摆动时，一侧的减震机构被压缩、另一侧的减震机构被拉伸，从而使气瓶2借助法兰B2在法兰托圈B7内自由摆动，以缓解船体1左右摇摆对气瓶2的冲击，降低气瓶2变形或损毁的几率，这是保证安全运输的重要 措施之一。
在法兰B2与法兰托圈B7之间填充润滑油并借助密封圈密封；润滑油增加法兰B2与法兰托圈B7之间的润滑，而且具有防锈蚀的作用。在气瓶底座3的下端面与蝶形弹簧B5之间还设置有密封垫圈B4，罩在蝶形弹簧B5外的帽型密封套B6装配在所述密封垫圈B4上。密封的帽型密封套B6可以防止蝶形弹簧B5发生锈蚀，提高气瓶安全系统。
气瓶中部固定的方式参见图5：所述龙骨4连接在两船舷之间，龙骨4上设置限位气瓶2的定位靠板M2，所述绑带组件包括环绕气瓶2的绑带M1、以及设置在龙骨4上与绑带M1两端定位的螺柱螺母副M3，所述气瓶2在定位靠板M2与绑带M1之间形成限位结构；绑带M1的设置高度不低于气瓶2的重心高度。本实施例采用底部和中部限位的方式将气瓶2与船体1浮动定位，既能够与船体1同步运动，还能缓解船体1颠簸和摇摆对气瓶造成的冲击，实现了气瓶2的有效限位和随机摆动的结合。所述绑带M1的设置高度不低于气瓶2的重心高度，以确保气瓶2限位的稳定性，绑带M1的设计高度优选瓶高的0.6～0.7倍处。
相邻两龙骨4之间设置与所述龙骨4垂直的连接筋M5，所述定位靠板两端分别与所述龙骨4和连接筋M5定位、中部设置与所述气瓶2外壁对应的靠接部。靠接部一方面形成了对气瓶2瓶体的支撑，另一方面定位靠板M2对气瓶还具有一定的缓冲作用。定位靠板M2使得绑带的定位更加便捷。
在定位靠板M2与气瓶2之间以及绑带M1与气瓶2之间设置橡胶靠垫M4，一方面增加绑带M1与气瓶2之间的摩擦力，另一方面在气瓶2与船体1之间形成缓冲，对气瓶2具有保护作用。
所述上端塞组件参见图6，其结构中包括与气瓶2的上瓶口2-2配套、设有进出气通孔2-8和排污口2-7的端塞2-6，与所述端塞2-6连通的出仓管2-3，以及设置在出仓管2-3上的阀座2-5，所述出仓管2-3中部穿过舱盖5-1、并借助风琴管式密封套T1与舱盖5-1密封。所述出仓管2-3采用双臂管结构，其形成的外管腔和内管腔分别与所述进出气通孔2-8和排污口2-7连通，所述阀座2-5上设有分别与所述进出气通孔2-8和排污口2-7连通的进出气阀门和排污阀门。
气瓶2的上部借助出仓管2-3穿出舱盖5-1，气瓶2上端是自由的，可以让气瓶2自由膨胀或收缩，减小两端定位对气瓶2的束缚。所述出仓管2-3与舱盖之间的密封结构有多种，本实施例的密封结构参见图7和图8：所述舱盖5-1上设置与出仓管2-3对应且孔径较出仓管2-3大的出舱孔，环绕所述出舱孔设有凸台5-1-1；穿出舱盖5-1的出仓管2-3上设置 环凸2-4，所述风琴管式密封套T1套装在环凸2-4与凸台5-1-1之间、形成柔性限位与密封结构。风琴管式密封套T1可以设计成多级结构，可根据舱顶的弧度采用不同级的风琴管式密封套T1。
所述船体1借助隔板分隔为3～6个密闭舱5，所述气瓶2在密闭舱5内按列沿船体轴向排布，与上端塞组件连通的装卸气支管6-7汇集至两列气瓶中间的单元汇气管6-4，各单元汇气管6-4分别经前半区总管6-5或后半区总管6-6汇集至装卸气总管6-1，所述装卸气总管6-1的两端延伸至船体1两侧、分别借助装卸气座弯管6-3与装卸气座6-2连通。所述装卸气管路分系统还包括分别设置在单元汇气管6-4、前半区总管6-5、后半区总管6-6以及装卸气总管6-1上的控制阀门，所述控制系统的相应输出端分别接各控制阀门的控制端。
每个单元汇气管设有引压管与压力表连通，所述压力表的输出端接控制单元的相应输入端。通过压力信号实现对各管路的控制。
单元汇气管6-4一端封闭，在靠近横隔舱壁的一端安装单元总阀--气动球阀，控制模式为充气开启、卸压关闭；在阀门与气动执行器之间设有手动/自动转换装置，可以对阀门就地手动操作；设有阀门位置检测开关，可以通过电信号确定阀门的启、闭状态。前半部的各单元汇总形成前半区总管6-5，沿舱顶右侧通至中部，安装前半区总阀—气动球阀，然后接入装卸气总管6-1，将后半部的各单元汇总形成后半区总管6-6，沿舱顶左侧通至中部，安装后半区总阀—气动球阀，然后接入装卸气总管6-1，两个阀门均设有阀门位置检测开关，可以通过电信号确定阀门的启、闭状态。
在单元汇气管6-4、装卸气总管6-1和装卸气座弯管6-3上分别设置安全排放阀9-6。
所述安全排放阀9-6与安全排放管路分系统连通，所述安全排放管路分系统包括与安全排放阀9-6连通的垂直排放管9-1、设置在垂直排放管9-1上方并汇集垂直排放管9-1的横向排放管9-4、汇集所述横向排放管9-4的纵向排放管9-2、以及与纵向排放管9-2连通的垂直排放桅9-3。所述在每个单元汇气管6-4上还并接有紧急排放阀9-5，所述紧急排放阀9-5和安全排放阀9-6分别借助向下倾斜的管路与所述垂直排放管9-1连通；垂直排放管9-1和垂直排放桅9-3的底端分别设有排液球阀。向下倾斜的管路，可将腐蚀性液体汇入垂直排放管9-1内，通过垂直排放管9-1下端的排液球阀9-1-1排出，以降低对管路的腐蚀，保持管路的清洁。
所述安全排放管路借助至少一个安全排放阀9-6和至少一个紧急排放阀9-5与装卸气管路系统连通、形成装卸气管路的超压排放机构和紧急排放机构；所述控制单元的相应输出端接安全排放阀9-6和紧急排放阀9-5的控制端，所述紧急排放阀还设有手动阀。
所述纵向排放管9-2和横向排放管9-4高于舱盖1.5～2.5m、借助U型管夹与焊接在密闭舱5上的立柱限位；所述垂直排放桅9-3高于舱盖5-1约5.5～6.5m，顶部设阻火器和防水盖，在防水盖顶部设可燃气体检测探头。
当可燃气体检测探头检测到排放桅顶处有可燃气体溢出，会发出报警讯号至中控室，操作员可查找危险原因，可能为安全阀异常排放或漏气，或者紧急排放阀漏气。
在船体的左、右船舷的前半区和后半区分别设置排放桅。根据排放桅锁定泄漏区，进一步锁定泄漏点。
在阀座2-5上还设置与排污阀门连通的排污支管7-2、设置在两列气瓶之间并汇集排污支管7-2的单元排污管7-1、借助前半区排污管或后半区排污管与各单元排污管7-1连通的排污总管以及与所述排污总管连通的气液分离罐，在气瓶内还设置伸入到气瓶2底部、与排污阀门连通的不锈钢管。所述前半区排污管7-4和后半区排污管7-5上设置三通阀门，其中一支路与排污总管7-6连通、并装有耐压玻璃管和配套的手动阀、形成排污观察回路。耐压玻璃管可耐2～3MPa以下的压力，因此采用手动阀可将高低压隔绝，只有当气瓶压力降至规定压力时，才将手动阀打开，此时，与排污管路连通的气液分离罐7-7为常压，因此，利用气瓶内的残压即可将气瓶底部的残液压至气液分离罐7-7中。借助耐压玻璃管7-8可以观察排污情况。
所述控制单元包括设置在密闭舱5上方中央通道两侧、与气瓶分区对应设置的分控台，所述分控台设有电控箱和气动控制箱。
综上所述，本发明的CNG运输船，将气瓶瓶体与管路和控制系统全部分开设置，气瓶从船体底部开始设置，顶部借助出仓管穿出舱盖，瓶体设在密闭的船舱内，管路和控制系统设置在舱盖上方，提高了CNG船运输的安全性。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，包括船体(1)，限位在船体(1)内的储气单元、配套管路系统、以及相应的控制单元和伺服机构，其特征在于：所述储气单元包括设置在密闭舱(5)内、沿船体呈竖直排布的气瓶(2)组，气瓶(2)上端借助上端塞组件伸出密闭舱(5)之外，所述配套管路系统借助于上端塞组件和受控气动阀门设置在密闭舱(5)上方、与气瓶实现通、断连接，所述控制单元及其附属手控部件和随机检测显示部件设置在密闭舱(5)上方的巡回通道两侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于所述气瓶(2)的下端借助摆动减震机构与船体(1)底部限位、中部借助绑带组件与船体(1)上的龙骨(4)阻尼限位、上端借助所述上端塞组件与密闭舱(5)的舱盖(5-1)柔性限位。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于所述摆动减震机构包括与气瓶(2)的下瓶口(2-1)螺纹连接、具有球面凸台的法兰(B2)，以及焊接在气瓶底座(3)上、与所述球面凸台配套的法兰托圈(B7)；所述法兰(B2)借助套装有缓冲减震组件的预紧力螺栓(B1)限位在气瓶底座(3)上、与法兰托圈(B7)形成摆动限位结构。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于所述缓冲减震组件的结构中包括套装在所述预紧力螺栓(B1)上、分别设置在气瓶底座(3)上下端面的橡胶弹簧(B3)和蝶形弹簧(B5)。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于在所述法兰(B2)与法兰托圈(B7)之间填充润滑油并借助密封圈密封；在气瓶底座(3)的下端面与蝶形弹簧(B5)之间还设置有密封垫圈(B4)，罩在蝶形弹簧(B5)外的帽型密封套(B6)装配在所述密封垫圈(B4)上。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于所述龙骨(4)连接在两船舷之间，龙骨(4)上设置限位气瓶(2)的定位靠板(M2)，所述绑带组件包括环绕气瓶(2)的绑带(M1)、以及设置在龙骨(4)上与绑带(M1)两端定位的螺柱螺母副(M3)，所述气瓶(2)在定位靠板(M2)与绑带(M1)之间形成限位结构；绑带(M1)的设置高度不低于气瓶(2)的重心高度。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于相邻两龙骨(4)之间设置与所述龙骨(4)垂直的连接筋(M5)，所述定位靠板两端分别与所述龙骨(4)和连接筋(M5)定位、中部设置与所述气瓶(2)外壁对应的靠接部；定位靠板(M2)与气瓶(2)之间以及绑带(M1)与气瓶(2)之间设置橡胶靠垫(M4)。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于所述上端塞组件包括 与气瓶(2)的上瓶口(2-2)配套、设有进出气通孔(2-8)和排污口(2-7)的端塞(2-6)，与所述端塞(2-6)连通的出仓管(2-3)，以及设置在出仓管(2-3)上的阀座(2-5)，所述出仓管(2-3)中部穿过舱盖(5-1)、并借助风琴管式密封套(T1)与舱盖(5-1)密封。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于所述出仓管(2-3)采用双臂管结构，其形成的外管腔和内管腔分别与所述进出气通孔(2-8)和排污口(2-7)连通，所述阀座(2-5)上设有分别与所述进出气通孔(2-8)和排污口(2-7)连通的进出气阀门和排污阀门。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于所述舱盖(5-1)上设置与出仓管(2-3)对应且孔径较出仓管(2-3)大的出舱孔，环绕所述出舱孔设有凸台(5-1-1)；穿出舱盖(5-1)的出仓管(2-3)上设置环凸(2-4)，所述风琴管式密封套(T1)套装在环凸(2-4)与凸台(5-1-1)之间、形成柔性限位与密封结构。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于所述船体(1)借助隔板分隔为3～6个密闭舱(5)，所述气瓶(2)在密闭舱(5)内按列沿船体轴向排布，与上端塞组件连通的装卸气支管(6-7)汇集至设置在两列气瓶中间的单元汇气管(6-4)，各单元汇气管(6-4)分别经前半区总管(6-5)或后半区总管(6-6)汇集至装卸气总管(6-1)，所述装卸气总管(6-1)的两端延伸至船体(1)两侧、分别借助装卸气座弯管(6-3)与装卸气座(6-2)连通。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于在单元汇气管(6-4)、前半区总管(6-5)、后半区总管(6-6)以及装卸气总管(6-1)上分别设置受控气动阀门，所述控制单元的相应输出端分别接各受控气动阀门的控制端。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于在单元汇气管(6-4)、装卸气总管(6-1)和装卸气座弯管(6-3)上分别设置安全排放阀(9-6)。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于所述安全排放阀(9-6)与安全排放管路分系统连通，所述安全排放管路分系统包括与安全排放阀(9-6)连通的垂直排放管(9-1)、设置在垂直排放管(9-1)上方并汇集垂直排放管(9-1)的横向排放管(9-4)、汇集所述横向排放管(9-4)的纵向排放管(9-2)、以及与纵向排放管(9-2)连通的垂直排放桅(9-3)。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于所述在每个单元汇气管(6-4)上还并接有紧急排放阀(9-5)，所述紧急排放阀(9-5)和安全排放阀(9-6)分 别借助向下倾斜的管路与所述垂直排放管(9-1)连通；垂直排放管(9-1)和垂直排放桅(9-3)的底端分别设有排液球阀。
  16. 根据权利要求8所述的CNG安全高效运输船气货系统，其特征在于在阀座(2-5)上还设置与排污阀门连通的排污支管(7-2)、设置在相邻两列气瓶之间并汇集排污支管(7-2)的单元排污管(7-1)、借助前半区排污管或后半区排污管与各单元排污管(7-1)连通的排污总管以及与所述排污总管连通的气液分离罐，在气瓶内还设置伸入到气瓶(2)底部、与排污阀门连通的不锈钢管。
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