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WO2016197519A1 - 视角扩大膜及包括其的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

视角扩大膜及包括其的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016197519A1
WO2016197519A1 PCT/CN2015/092721 CN2015092721W WO2016197519A1 WO 2016197519 A1 WO2016197519 A1 WO 2016197519A1 CN 2015092721 W CN2015092721 W CN 2015092721W WO 2016197519 A1 WO2016197519 A1 WO 2016197519A1
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Prior art keywords
viewing angle
layer
prism
light
incident surface
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PCT/CN2015/092721
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贺虎
Original Assignee
深圳市华星光电技术有限公司
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Priority to US14/895,185 priority Critical patent/US9897843B2/en
Publication of WO2016197519A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016197519A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04—Prisms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04—Prisms
    • G02B5/045—Prism arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/1368—Active matrix addressed cells in which the switching element is a three-electrode device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of viewing angle compensation of liquid crystal displays, and more particularly to a viewing angle widening film and a wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device including the viewing angle expanding film.
  • a thin film transistor liquid crystal display device is one of liquid crystal displays, and mainly uses thin film transistor (TFT) technology for display purposes.
  • the TFT-LCD can be regarded as a liquid crystal sandwiched between two glass substrates, the upper glass substrate is a color filter, and the lower glass substrate is provided with a thin film transistor containing liquid crystal molecules.
  • a current passes through the thin film transistor, an electric field change occurs, and a change in the electric field causes the liquid crystal molecules to deflect, thereby changing the polarity of the light.
  • a polarizer can be set in the TFT-LCD to change the brightness state of the pixel, thereby controlling the emission of polarized light of each pixel to achieve the intended display purpose.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of the white screen brightness and chromaticity angle of a typical LCD module.
  • the viewing angle is less than 100 degrees, and at the same time, the brightness in the viewing direction is the normal direction of the LCD. At 1/2 of the brightness, the angle of view is smaller.
  • the two images on the right in Figure 1 are the color coordinates in the x and y directions, respectively. As can be seen from the two images on the right in Figure 1, the color shift is also severe at large viewing angles.
  • the present invention provides a viewing angle widening film and a wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device including the viewing angle widening film, which can increase the viewing angle and improve the display effect.
  • a viewing angle widening film comprising: a prism layer including a light incident surface and a light exit surface; and a substrate layer, the prism layer being fixed to the substrate layer
  • the light-emitting surface of the prism layer is in contact with the light-incident surface of the substrate layer, wherein the prism layer and the substrate layer are both made of a transparent material, and are formed on the light-incident surface of the prism layer.
  • a plurality of triangular prism protrusions, and a light incident surface between adjacent triangular prism protrusions is a plane.
  • each of the triangular prism protrusions may constitute a similar triangle.
  • the base lengths of the respective triangular prism protrusions may not be identical.
  • adjacent triangular prisms having the same base length are The values can be kept consistent, where L is the base length of the triangular prism and P is the spacing between adjacent prisms.
  • each of the triangular prism protrusions may be an isosceles triangle.
  • the plurality of triangular prism protrusions may be distributed in a dot pattern on a light incident surface of the prism layer.
  • the plurality of triangular prism protrusions may be distributed in stripes on the light incident surface of the prism layer.
  • the substrate layer may be a PET layer, a PC layer, or a PMMA layer.
  • a wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device including a first polarizer, a liquid crystal panel, and a color filter sequentially disposed along a propagation direction of light.
  • the viewing angle widening film according to the embodiment of the present invention and the wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device including the viewing angle widening film can increase the viewing angle, increase the transmittance of light, and can also effectively reduce the chance of generating moiré to improve display. The effect, thereby improving the quality of the picture presented to the viewer.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between white screen brightness, chromaticity and viewing angle of a typical LCD.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a viewing angle enlarged film in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the operation of a viewing angle widening film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a viewing angle enlargement film in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a viewing angle widening film in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device including a viewing angle widening film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a comparison diagram of a brightness viewing angle of a wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device and a general LCD according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • a viewing angle widening film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and a wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device including the viewing angle widening film will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are provided only to help those skilled in the art to fully understand the structure and working principle of the viewing angle widening film and the wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device according to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting. this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a viewing angle enlarged film in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • a viewing angle widening film 1 includes a prism layer 10 and a substrate layer 11, and the prism layer 10 and the substrate layer 11 are each made of a transparent material.
  • the prism layer 10 includes opposite light incident surfaces and light exit surfaces.
  • the prism layer 10 is fixed on the base material layer 11, and the light exit surface of the prism layer 10 is in contact with the light incident surface of the base material layer 11.
  • a plurality of triangular prism protrusions 101 are formed on the light incident surface of the prism layer 10, and the light incident surface between the prisms adjacent to the triangular prism protrusions 101 is a plane 102, and the bottom surface of the triangular prism protrusions 101 is in the same plane as the plane 102. In the plane, and the two sides of the triangular prism protrusion 101 together with the plane 102 serve as a light incident surface.
  • the triangular prism protrusions 101 in this embodiment can also be formed into any other shape that can refract the incident beam such that the angle between the exit beam and the normal to the exit face becomes large.
  • the plurality of triangular prism protrusions 101 are distributed in a lattice shape or a stripe shape on the light incident surface of the prism layer 10.
  • each of the triangular prism projections 101 constitutes a similar triangle.
  • the refractive effect of each of the triangular prism protrusions 101 on the incident light is made the same, so as to ensure that the viewing angle expansion effect of the light at each position on the light-emitting surface of the LCD is substantially the same, thereby improving the overall display effect of the liquid crystal display device.
  • each of the triangular prism protrusions 101 may be an isosceles triangle.
  • the base sides of the respective triangular prism protrusions 101 may be identical in length and arranged equidistantly. However, at this time, moiré may be generated due to interference between the periodic structure of the triangular prism and the pixels of the LCD. Therefore, preferably, the base sides of the respective triangular prism projections 101 are not completely identical. Moreover, the spacing between the triangular prism protrusions 101 is also appropriately selected. For example, the spacing can also be set differently.
  • the L 1 /P 1 value of the triangular prism protrusion 101 having the same three base sides and the same length (all L1) is the same as the L 2 /P of the triangular prism 101 having the same length of the right three base sides. 2 values are the same. That is, the triangular prism protrusions 101 having the longer left side edges are arranged at equal intervals P 1 , and the triangular prism protrusions 101 having the shorter three bottom sides (all L 2 ) are arranged at equal intervals P 2 . Even if the number of adjacent triangular prism projections 101 having the same base length on the left and right sides is two, four or more.
  • L and P can be changed at the same time so that the size and period of the prism are constantly changed, that is, on the one hand, the arrangement of the prisms becomes irregular, and on the other hand, the light incident surface of the prism layer appears to be high and low.
  • the irregular arrangement produces the beneficial effect of effectively avoiding interference between the periodic structure of the prism and the pixels of the LCD, thereby reducing the possibility of moiré generation.
  • the substrate layer 11 may be made of a plastic material.
  • the substrate layer 11 can be set to have a certain toughness.
  • the substrate layer 11 may be provided as a PET layer, a PC layer or a PMMA layer, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the substrate layer 11 may be made of other materials such as glass or the like according to the needs of practical applications.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the operation of the viewing angle widening film 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the effect of the viewing angle widening film 1 on light will be described below with reference to Fig. 3.
  • the light beams R1 and R2 are incident on the side faces of the triangular prism protrusions 101, from which the viewing angle expanding film 1 is passed, and sequentially through the prism layer 10 and the substrate.
  • the layer 11 is then incident from the exit surface of the substrate layer 11 to the outside.
  • the angle between the light beams R1 and R2 and the normal to the exit surface of the substrate layer 11 is increased, so that the brightness of the light at a larger viewing angle is obtained.
  • the size becomes larger, that is, the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device is made larger.
  • the light beam R0 is incident on the viewing angle widening film 1 via the plane 102, and then is emitted from the exit surface of the base material layer 11 to the outside.
  • the setting plane 102 can also save the manufacturing material of the prism layer, thereby contributing to the reduction of the manufacturing cost of the viewing angle widening film 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a viewing angle widening film 1' according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a viewing angle widening film 1A according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • L and P of the triangular prism protrusions 101 can be arbitrarily changed, and the triangular prisms 101 of the same size and different sizes can be formed in the prism layer 10 in an arbitrary arrangement, in the case where the above conditions are satisfied.
  • the triangular prism protrusions 101 can be formed on the light incident surface of the prism layer 10 according to different pitches and high and low steps.
  • a part of the prism layer 10 is not affected by the bonding colloid, and remains as a refractive interface of the air and the prism layer. Further, light is incident from the air to the light incident surface of the prism layer, that is, light is incident from the light-diffusing medium to the optically dense medium. The occurrence of total reflection of light is avoided, so that the transmittance of light can be effectively improved.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device 2 including a viewing angle widening film 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the viewing angle widening film 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is disposed on the second polarizer 24 of the wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device 2, and the light incident surface of the viewing angle widening film 1 faces the first The light exit surface of the two polarizers 24.
  • the wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device 20 shown includes a first polarizer 21, a liquid crystal panel 22, a color filter 23, a second polarizer 24, and a viewing angle widening film 1 which are sequentially disposed along the propagation direction of the light.
  • FIG. 7 is a comparison diagram of a brightness viewing angle of a wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device and a general LCD according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • a luminance viewing angle view of a general LCD and a luminance viewing angle view of a wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device are respectively shown in FIG.
  • the brightness view of the ordinary LCD without the viewing angle enlargement film is taken as a reference, and the LCD is out.
  • the brightness of the normal direction of the glossy surface is 100%.
  • the first to third examples of the wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device in the first to third examples
  • the brightness of the normal direction of the light-emitting surface of the LCD is 75%. From Figure 7, it can be clearly It can be seen that when the brightness of the viewing direction is 1/2 of the brightness of the normal direction of the LCD, the viewing angle is significantly enlarged.
  • the entrance surface of the viewing angle enlargement film is undulated, so that most of the prism layers are not affected by the bonding colloid. It remains as the refractive interface of the air and prism layers.
  • light is incident from the air to the light incident surface of the prism layer, that is, light is incident from the light-diffusing medium to the light-tight medium, thereby avoiding the occurrence of total reflection of light, thereby effectively increasing the transmittance of light.
  • the wide viewing angle thin film transistor liquid crystal display device including the viewing angle widening film according to the embodiment of the present invention can increase the viewing angle, can effectively reduce the generation of moiré, and can improve the transmittance of light to effectively improve the display effect, thereby Improve the quality of the picture presented to the viewer.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

一种视角扩大膜（1）及包括其的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置（2）。视角扩大膜（1）包括：棱镜层（10），包括入光面和出光面；基材层（11），棱镜层（10）固设于基材层（11）上，棱镜层（10）的出光面与基材层（11）的入光面接触，其中，棱镜层（10）以及基材层（11）均由透明材料制成，在棱镜层（10）的入光面上形成有彼此分开的多个三棱镜凸起（101），相邻的三棱镜凸起（101）之间的入光面为平面（102）。广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置（2）包括沿着光的传播方向依次设置的第一偏光片（21）、液晶面板（22）、彩色滤光片（23）、第二偏光片（24）以及视角扩大膜（1），其中，棱镜层（10）的入光面面对第二偏光片（24）的出光面。广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置（2）可以增大视角，并提高显示效果。

Description

视角扩大膜及包括其的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及液晶显示器视角补偿领域，更具体地说，涉及一种视角扩大膜以及包括该视角扩大膜的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置。
背景技术
薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置(TFT-LCD)是液晶显示器中的一种，主要使用薄膜晶体管(TFT)技术来实现显示目的。简单地说，TFT-LCD可视为两片玻璃基板中间夹着一层液晶，上层的玻璃基板是彩色滤光片、下层的玻璃基板上设置有包含液晶分子的薄膜晶体管。当电流通过薄膜晶体管时，产生电场变化，电场的变化引起液晶分子偏转，从而来改变光线的偏极性。同时，还可以在TFT-LCD中设置偏光片来改变像素的明暗状态，从而控制每个像素点偏振光的出射，实现预期的显示目的。
现有技术中所存在的问题是当背光源通过偏光片、TFT等之后，输出的光线便具有了方向性，也就是说，大多数光都是从屏幕中垂直射出来的，所以当从某一个较大的角度来观看LCD时，便不能看到画面原本的颜色，甚至只能看到全白或全黑。图1中所示的是一种常见的LCD模组的白画面亮度以及色度视角的示图。从图1的左图中可以看出，在观察方向的亮度下降到LCD的法线方向的亮度的1/3时，视角小于100度，同时，当观察方向的亮度为LCD的法线方向的亮度的1/2时，视角更小。图1中的右边两幅图分别为x方向和y方向上的色坐标，由图1的右边两幅图中可以看出，在大视角下的色偏也较为严重。
另外，随着人们对于显示器画面的品质追求，对LCD的要求也变得越来越高。例如，电视的LCD尺寸越来越大，观看同一台电视的观众相应增加。因此，迫切需要开发一种能够增大LCD的视角的技术，从而提高较大视角处的显示效果。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种视角扩大膜以及包括该视角扩大膜的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置，所述广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置可以增大视角，并提高显示效果。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，提供一种视角扩大膜，所述视角扩大膜包括：棱镜层，包括入光面和出光面；基材层，所述棱镜层固设于所述基材层上，棱镜层的出光面与所述基材层的入光面接触，其中，所述棱镜层以及所述基材层均由透明材料制成，在棱镜层的入光面上形成有彼此分开的多个三棱镜凸起，相邻的三棱镜凸起之间的入光面为平面。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，各三棱镜凸起可构成相似三角形。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，各三棱镜凸起的底边长可不完全相同。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，底边长相同的相邻的三棱镜凸起的
Figure PCTCN2015092721-appb-000001
值可保持一致，在此，L是三棱镜的底边长，P为相邻的三棱镜之间的间距。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，各三棱镜凸起可呈等腰三角形。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，所述多个三棱镜凸起可呈点阵状分布于棱镜层的入光面上。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，所述多个三棱镜凸起可呈条纹状分布于棱镜层的入光面上。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，所述基材层可为PET层、PC层或PMMA层。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，提供一种广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置，所述广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置包括沿着光的传播方向依次设置的第一偏光片、液晶面板、彩色滤光片、第二偏光片以及如上所述的视角扩大膜，其中，所述棱镜层的入光面面对第二偏光片的出光面。根据本发明的实施例的视角扩大膜以及包括该视角扩大膜的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置可以增大视角、提高光的透射率，并且还可以有效地降低产生摩尔纹的机会，以提高显示效果，从而提高呈现给观众的画面的品质。
附图说明
图1是一种常见的LCD的白画面亮度、色度与视角的关系图。
图2是根据本发明的示例性实施例的视角扩大膜的截面图。
图3是根据本发明的示例性实施例的视角扩大膜的工作原理示意图。
图4是根据本发明的另一示例性实施例的视角扩大膜的截面图。
图5是根据本发明的另一示例性实施例的视角扩大膜的截面图。
图6是包括根据本发明的示例性实施例的视角扩大膜的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置的示意图。
图7是根据本发明的示例性实施例的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置与普通LCD的亮度视角的对比图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对根据本发明的示例性实施例的视角扩大膜以及包括该视角扩大膜的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置进行详细的描述。在此需要说明的是，提供附图仅为了帮助本领域技术人员充分地了解根据本发明的示例性实施例的视角扩大膜及广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置的结构与工作原理，并非意在限制本发明。
图2是根据本发明的示例性实施例的视角扩大膜的截面图。
参照图2，根据本发明的示例性实施例的视角扩大膜1包括棱镜层10和基材层11，棱镜层10以及基材层11均由透明材料制成。棱镜层10包括相对的入光面和出光面，棱镜层10固设于基材层11上，棱镜层10的出光面与基材层11的入光面接触。在棱镜层10的入光面上形成有彼此分开的多个三棱镜凸起101，三棱镜凸起101相邻的三棱镜之间的入光面为平面102，三棱镜凸起101的底面与平面102位于同一平面上，并且三棱镜凸起101的两个侧面与平面102一起用作入光面。当然，本实施例中的三棱镜凸起101也可以被形成为可对入射光束进行折射使得出射光束与出射面的法线之间的夹角变大的任何其他形状。
多个三棱镜凸起101呈点阵状或条纹状分布于棱镜层10的入光面上。
优选地，各三棱镜凸起101构成相似三角形。由此，使得各三棱镜凸起101对入射光的折射效果是相同的，以保证LCD出光面上的每个位置的光的视角扩大效果大致相同，从而提高液晶显示装置的整体显示效果。进一步地，各三棱镜凸起101可以呈等腰三角形。
另外，各三棱镜凸起101的底边长可完全相同，并等距排列。但是，此时由于三棱镜的周期性结构与LCD的像素之间发生干涉，可能会产生摩尔纹。因此，优选地，各三棱镜凸起101的底边长设置得不完全相同。而且，三棱镜凸起101之间的间距也要适当选取。例如间距也可设置得不完全相同。
优选地，对于底边长相同的相邻的三棱镜凸起101，使它们的
Figure PCTCN2015092721-appb-000002
值保持一致，在此，L是三棱镜的底边长，P为相邻的三棱镜之间的间距。如图2所示，左侧三个底边长相同(均为L1)的三棱镜凸起101的L1/P1值与右侧三个底边长相同的三棱镜凸起101的L2/P2值相同。即，左侧三个底边较长的三棱镜凸起101以等间距P1排列，右侧三个底边较短(均为L2)的三棱镜凸起101以等间距P2排列。即使左侧和右侧的底边长相同的相邻的三棱镜凸起101数量为两个、四个或更多个仍然如此。
即，L和P可同时改变，以使三棱镜的尺寸和周期不断改变，即，一方面使得三棱镜的排列变得不规则，另一方面使得棱镜层的入光面看上去高低起伏。不规则的排列产生的有益效果是：有效地避免了由于三棱镜的周期性结构与LCD的像素之间发生干涉，从而降低了摩尔纹产生的可能性。
在本发明中，基材层11可由为塑料材料制成。同时，基材层11可以设置为具有一定的韧性。例如，可以将基材层11设置为PET层、PC层或PMMA层，但本发明不限于此，根据实际应用的需要，基材层11可由诸如玻璃等的其他材料制成。
图3是根据本发明的示例性实施例的视角扩大膜1的工作原理示意图。下面结合图3来描述视角扩大膜1对光的作用效果，光束R1和R2入射到三棱镜凸起101的侧面，从所述侧面进入视角扩大膜1，依次经过棱镜层10和基材 层11，然后从基材层11的出射面射到外部。由折射原理可知，光束R1和R2穿过视角扩大膜1之后，使光束R1和R2与基材层11的出射面的法线之间的夹角变大，使得较大视角下的光的亮度变大，即，使得液晶显示装置的视角变大。另外，光束R0经由平面102入射到视角扩大膜1，然后从基材层11的出射面射到外部。光束R0穿过视角扩大膜1之后，光束R0与基材层11的出射面的法线之间的夹角基本不变，这样就保持了原来光束的传播方向，保持了正视视角下的光的亮度。另外，设置平面102还可以节省棱镜层的制造材料，从而有利于降低视角扩大膜1的制造成本。
图4是根据本发明的另一示例性实施例的视角扩大膜1′的截面图，图5是根据本发明的又一示例性实施例的视角扩大膜1〞的截面图。从图4和图5中可以看出，在满足上述条件的情况下，三棱镜凸起101的L和P可以任意变化，并且相同尺寸与不同尺寸的三棱镜凸起101可以按照任意的排列形成在棱镜层10的入光面上。即，三棱镜凸起101可按照不同的间距并且高低错落地形成在棱镜层10的入光面上。这样可保证当将所述视角扩大膜贴覆到LCD模组上时，大部分的棱镜层10不受到贴合胶体影响，仍然保持为空气和棱镜层的折射界面。此外，光从空气入射到棱镜层的入光面，即，光从光疏介质入射到光密介质，避免了出现光的全反射现象的发生，从而可有效地提高光的透射率。
图6是包括根据本发明的示例性实施例的视角扩大膜1的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置2的示意图。如图6中所示，将根据本发明的示例性实施例的视角扩大膜1设置在广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置2的第二偏光片24上，视角扩大膜1的入光面面对第二偏光片24的出光面。所示的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置20包括沿着光的传播方向依次设置的第一偏光片21、液晶面板22、彩色滤光片23、第二偏光片24以及视角扩大膜1。
图7是根据本发明的示例性实施例的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置与普通LCD的亮度视角的对比图。
在图7中分别示出了普通LCD的亮度视角图以及根据本发明的示例性实施例的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置的亮度视角图。如图7所示的表格的第二列所示，未设置视角扩大膜的普通LCD的亮度视角图作为参考，LCD的出 光面的法线方向的亮度为100％。如图7所示的表格的第三列至第五列所示，根据本发明的示例性实施例的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置的第一示例至第三示例，在第一示例至第三示例中，L/P的值分别为50/200＝0.25，25/100＝0.25，10/40＝0.25，LCD的出光面的法线方向的亮度为75％，从图7中，可以清晰地看出，当观察方向的亮度为LCD的法线方向的亮度的1/2时，视角明显扩大。
根据本发明的实施例通过在棱镜层的入光面上设置不同尺寸和不同间距的三棱镜，使得视角扩大膜的入光面高低起伏，这样可保证大部分的棱镜层不受到贴合胶体影响，仍然保持为空气和棱镜层的折射界面。此外，光从空气入射到棱镜层的入光面，即，光从光疏介质入射到光密介质，避免了出现光的全反射现象的发生，从而可有效地提高光的透射率。
根据本发明的实施例的包括该视角扩大膜的广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置可以增大视角、可以有效地减少摩尔纹的产生，并且可以提高光的透射率，以有效地提高显示效果，从而提高呈现给观众的画面的品质。
虽然已示出并描述了本发明的示例性实施例，但本领域技术人员应该理解，在不脱离由权利要求及其等同物限定其范围的本发明的原理和精神的情况下，可以对这些实施例进行修改。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种视角扩大膜，包括：
    棱镜层，包括入光面和出光面；
    基材层，所述棱镜层固设于所述基材层上，棱镜层的出光面与所述基材层的入光面接触，
    其中，所述棱镜层以及所述基材层均由透明材料制成，在棱镜层的入光面上形成有彼此分开的多个三棱镜凸起，相邻的三棱镜凸起之间的入光面为平面。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的视角扩大膜，其中，各三棱镜凸起构成相似三角形。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的视角扩大膜，其中，各三棱镜凸起的底边长不完全相同。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的视角扩大膜，其中，底边长相同的相邻的三棱镜凸起的
    Figure PCTCN2015092721-appb-100001
    值保持一致，在此，L表示三棱镜的底边长，P表示相邻的三棱镜之间的间距。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的视角扩大膜，其中，各三棱镜凸起呈等腰三角形。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的视角扩大膜，其中，所述多个三棱镜凸起呈点阵状分布于棱镜层的入光面上。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的视角扩大膜，其中，所述多个三棱镜凸起呈条纹状分布于棱镜层的入光面上。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的视角扩大膜，其中，所述基材层为PET层、PC层或PMMA层。
  9. 一种广视角薄膜晶体管液晶显示装置，包括沿着光的传播方向依次设置的第一偏光片、液晶面板、彩色滤光片、第二偏光片以及视角扩大膜，其中， 所述棱镜层的入光面面对第二偏光片的出光面，所述视角扩大膜，包括：
    棱镜层，包括入光面和出光面；
    基材层，所述棱镜层固设于所述基材层上，棱镜层的出光面与所述基材层的入光面接触，
    其中，所述棱镜层以及所述基材层均由透明材料制成，在棱镜层的入光面上形成有彼此分开的多个三棱镜凸起，相邻的三棱镜凸起之间的入光面为平面。
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