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WO2016185111A1 - Gear and gear shaft for starter - Google Patents

Gear and gear shaft for starter Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016185111A1
WO2016185111A1 PCT/FR2016/051080 FR2016051080W WO2016185111A1 WO 2016185111 A1 WO2016185111 A1 WO 2016185111A1 FR 2016051080 W FR2016051080 W FR 2016051080W WO 2016185111 A1 WO2016185111 A1 WO 2016185111A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pinion
shaft
splines
zone
front face
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2016/051080
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Alexandre SALTEL
Marius Drozdek
Original Assignee
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur filed Critical Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur
Publication of WO2016185111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016185111A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/062—Starter drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814—Circuits specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N2015/061—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement said axial displacement being limited, e.g. by using a stopper

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pinion for a thermal engine starter.
  • the invention also relates to a pinion shaft for a thermal engine starter.
  • the invention relates to a pinion assembly for a thermal engine starter and the corresponding starter.
  • the invention finds application in the field of starters, particularly for motor vehicles.
  • the invention finds an advantageous application in vehicles equipped with the stop function and automatic restart of the engine (function called "Stop and Starf in English).
  • a rotating electric machine in the form of a starter, capable of transmitting rotational energy to a crankshaft of the engine by intermediate of a drive ring.
  • a motor shaft of the rotating electrical machine is coupled to a pinion shaft.
  • This motor shaft transmits a rotational movement to the pinion shaft on which is mounted, integral in rotation, a pinion for driving the drive ring.
  • a launcher makes it possible to transmit to the pinion a movement in translation relative to the pinion carrier shaft between a rest position in which the pinion is disengaged from the drive ring and an activation position in which the pinion can rotate the driving ring.
  • the pinion is mounted on the pinion shaft via a spline connection system.
  • the pinion is mounted centrally on the pinion shaft to prevent premature wear of the pinion and / or the pinion shaft, in particular the wear of the splines, and also to guarantee the correct drive in rotation of the pinion.
  • the centering ring can come from material with the pinion.
  • the manufacturing process of the pinion is complex. Indeed, this process requires either to have a mold of complex shape, if the pinion is formed by sintering, or to have a very high typing accuracy, if the pinion is struck, which increases the risk of obtaining defective parts.
  • the centering ring may be a separate part of the pinion body, the pinion then corresponds to the association between said pinion body and the centering ring.
  • the manufacturing process of the pinion is also complex and long. Indeed, this process requires the manufacture of an additional piece and an additional step to form the final gear.
  • this type of two-piece gear also increases the risk of getting defective or prematurely worn parts.
  • the present invention aims to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the present invention aims to provide a pinion starter compact engine while ensuring the proper centering of the pinion on the pinion shaft.
  • the present invention aims to provide a pinion whose cost is moderate and whose manufacturing process and its design are simplified.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a starter pinion of a motor vehicle engine.
  • the pinion has helical grooves on an entire internal surface, said grooves being open axially on a front face of the pinion extending radially, said front face being adapted to engage with a ring of the engine.
  • the present invention it is therefore possible to obtain a more compact pinion than those of the prior art.
  • the fact that the pinion is devoid of centering ring reduces the length of said pinion and thus to obtain a more compact starter.
  • This may, in another case, allow to increase the length of the teeth of the pinion to improve the drive of the crown.
  • the fact that the grooves are helical avoids the phenomenon of "tooth against tooth” during the gearing of the pinion with the ring gear and also facilitate the ejection of the pinion when the latter is meshed with the ring gear.
  • the splines are open axially on the front face of the pinion and on a rear face axially opposed to said front face of said pinion.
  • the fact that the rear face of the pinion has open grooves makes it possible to have a length of the helical grooves of the pinion lower than the sum of the length of the helical grooves of the pinion shaft and the length of the pinion stroke during of its axial translation movement.
  • the design of the pinion is simplified.
  • the fact that the two radial faces of the pinion have open grooves simplifies the manufacturing process of the pinion.
  • the pinion comprises, on an outer surface, radially extending teeth, said teeth each having a radial front face of which at least a portion is inclined.
  • each tooth has an inclined portion facilitates the coupling between the pinion and the drive ring and thus to ensure the proper rotational drive of said ring.
  • the front face of the pinion comprises, for each of the teeth, another portion which is in the same radial plane as the front face.
  • the pinion advantageously has, on an outer surface, a portion for a housing adapted to allow a translational movement of the pinion in an axial direction.
  • the present invention also relates to a starter pinion shaft motor vehicle engine.
  • the pinion shaft includes a drive zone and a guide zone which are adjacent and have on an outer surface helical splines disposed in the drive zone.
  • a radius of the pinion shaft taken in said guide zone is greater than the smallest radius of the pinion shaft taken in said drive zone.
  • Such a pinion shaft can operate with the pinion described above according to the present invention. Indeed, it is necessary to have a splined pinion on the front face, as previously described, to work with this pinion shaft. This thus contributes to reducing the size of the starter.
  • the radius of the pinion shaft taken in the guide zone is less than the largest radius of the pinion shaft taken in the drive zone.
  • the present invention also relates to a pinion assembly comprising:
  • the pinion is directly centered on the pinion shaft by the splines of the front face of the pinion which are open and by the guide zone of the pinion shaft whose radius is adapted to the dimensions of the splines.
  • the pinion assembly therefore does not include any additional piece for centering, so it can be more compact and in particular have a reduced length.
  • At least a portion of the inner surface of the pinion bears against a portion of the outer surface of the pinion shaft outside the drive zone. This makes it possible to prevent the abutment gear from centering the rear radial face of the guiding part when it moves from the rest position to the activation position.
  • a radius of the pinion shaft taken in the guide zone is smaller than the smallest radius of the pinion. This makes it possible to prevent the abutment gear from centering the rear radial face of the guide portion when it moves from the rest position to the activation position.
  • the pinion is mounted on the pinion shaft by:
  • the guiding game is lower than the training game. This ensures the centering of the pinion on the guide area of the pinion shaft.
  • the pinion is movable in translation relative to the pinion carrier shaft between a rest position and an activation position and the pinion is integral in rotation with said shaft, through the splines, in the activation position. .
  • the splines of the pinion and those of the pinion shaft are arranged so that the pinion translate and is rotated relative to said shaft.
  • the pinion carrier shaft advantageously has a stop means adapted to allow the support of the front face of the pinion on said stop means when the pinion is in its activation position.
  • the present invention further relates to a motor vehicle engine starter comprising a pinion as previously described or a pinion shaft as described above or a pinion assembly as previously described.
  • FIG. 1 represents, schematically and partially, in section a heat engine starter according to an example of implementation of the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents, schematically and partially, a perspective view of an example of a pinion of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 represents, schematically and partially, a perspective view of an example of a pinion shaft of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 represents, schematically and partially, a sectional view of an example of a pinion assembly of FIG. 1 in a rest position
  • FIG. 5 shows, schematically and partially, a sectional view of an example of the pinion assembly of Figure 1 in an activation position.
  • FIG. 1 represents a starter 1 for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • the starter 1 is of the ogive starter type.
  • the starter 1 comprises a housing 2 housing a pinion 3 mounted on a pinion shaft 4.
  • the pinion 3 is rotated about an axis X by the pinion shaft 4.
  • the pinion shaft 4 is rotated by a drive shaft 5.
  • said shaft 4 is coupled to the drive shaft 5 by means of a gearbox 6 and a freewheel system 7.
  • the rotational movement of the motor shaft 5 is generated by a rotating electrical machine 8.
  • Said machine 8 comprises a rotor 9 rotating, in this example around the axis X, and a stator 10 positioned around the rotor 9.
  • the stator 10 comprises, for example, a yoke carrying a set of permanent magnets for producing an inductive field.
  • the permanent magnets are, for example, shaped according to cylindrical segments being angularly distributed at regular intervals inside the cylinder head and separated uniformly from the rotor 9 by a radial air gap 11.
  • the rotor 9 comprises, for example, a rotor body and a coil formed of conductive wires wound in notches of the rotor body.
  • the rotor body consists, for example, of a package of sheets having longitudinal notches.
  • the rotor 9 is provided, at the rear, with a collector 12 comprising a plurality of contact parts allowing the electrical supply of the winding of the rotor 9 via brushes 13.
  • the pinion 3 is displaced in translation along the axis X with respect to the pinion carrier shaft 4, via a lever element 14, between a rest position in which the pinion 3 is disengaged from a drive ring of the motor. thermal (not shown) and an activation position in which the pinion 3 is meshing with said ring.
  • the lever element 14 such as a fork is actuated by a contactor 15 to move the pinion 3.
  • the switch 15 comprises a first electrical terminal 16 connected to the brush 13 of the rotating electrical machine 8 and a second electrical terminal 17 connected to a vehicle power supply, including a battery.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the pinion 3.
  • This pinion 3 comprises a body 18 of substantially cylindrical shape, in particular of substantially annular shape, which extends axially.
  • Pinion 3 has an inner surface which includes helical splines.
  • These grooves 20 extend, here, over the entire inner periphery of the body 18 so that, along their length, each groove has a curve less than an angle of 360 ° and in particular less than an angle of 180 °.
  • the grooves 20 are open axially on a front face 21 of the pinion 3.
  • the front face 21 extends radially relative to the axis X and is the face of the pinion which is adapted to engage first with the driving ring of the engine.
  • the splines 20 are also emerging axially on a rear face 22 of the pinion 3.
  • the rear face 22 extends radially with respect to the axis X and is opposed axially to the front face 21.
  • the rear face 22 is also the face closest to the lever element 14.
  • the pinion 3 is provided with teeth 19 on an outer surface. These teeth 19 are preferably located along the entire outer periphery of the body 18. In this embodiment, the teeth 19 each have an inclined portion 23 serving to facilitate the gearing between the pinion 3 and the ring gear. training. These inclined portions 23 are on the front face 21.
  • the part of the body 18 of the front face 21 and the other parts 24 of each of the teeth 19, corresponding to the non-inclined portions of the teeth 19 on said front face 21, are aligned radially and therefore included in the same radial plane.
  • the pinion 3 also comprises a portion for a housing 35 adapted to allow the translational movement of the pinion 3 in an axial direction.
  • the part for a housing 35 is adapted to house a retaining ring 33.
  • the lever element 14, allowing the displacement of said pinion in translation along the axis X, will then fit into the ring
  • This portion for a housing 35 is preferably located on the outer surface of the pinion between the teeth 19 and the rear face 22.
  • the pinion 3 may be made of a material based on steel. For example, pinion 3 may be struck, sintered or machined.
  • the pinion shaft 4 comprises a body 25 having a shape substantially corresponding to a solid cylinder.
  • the pinion shaft 4 has a drive zone 26 which includes helical splines 27. These splines 27 are, preferably, axial and arranged on an outer surface of said shaft 4. Preferably, the splines 27 extend along the entire drive zone 26 so that, along their length, each groove has a curve lower than an angle of 360 ° and in particular less than an angle of 180 °.
  • the pinion shaft 4 further has a guide zone 28 which is axially adjacent to the drive zone 26.
  • the guide zone 28 corresponds to the part of the pinion shaft 4 on which the pinion 3 will translate axially to engage with the drive ring while having a rotational movement due to the splines 20, 27.
  • This guiding zone 28 may comprise a housing 29 intended to receive an abutment 30, preferably in the form of a cylindrical ring, making it possible to block the translational movement of the pinion 3 in a direction from the rest position to the position d activation, once said pinion 3 is properly positioned in its activation position. The pinion 3 is then, in this activation position, integral in rotation with the pinion carrier shaft 4.
  • the pinion shaft 4 is dimensioned so that a radius of said shaft 4 taken in the guide zone 28 is greater than the smallest radius of said shaft 4 taken in the drive zone 26.
  • the smallest radius of the shaft pinion shaft 4 taken in the drive zone 26 corresponds to the radius of said shaft taken between the bottom of a groove 27 and the center of the shaft.
  • the pinion shaft 4 is also dimensioned so that the radius of the shaft pinion 4 taken in the guide zone 28 is smaller than the largest radius of said shaft 4 taken in the drive zone 26.
  • the largest radius of said shaft 4 taken in the drive zone 26 corresponds to the radius of said shaft taken between the top of a groove 27 and the center of the tree.
  • the thickness of the pinion shaft 4 at the guiding zone 28 is between the largest and the smallest thickness of said shaft 4 at the drive zone 26.
  • the pinion shaft 4 has, in addition, an anchoring zone 31 located between a front end of said shaft 4 and the guide zone 28.
  • the zone anchoring is the portion of the pinion shaft which is housed in the housing 2 of the starter 1 via a bearing such as a bearing to maintain said shaft 4 in axial position centered on the axis X.
  • the pinion 3 of FIG. 2 previously described can be mounted as such on the pinion support shaft 4 as described with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the pinion 3 and the pinion shaft 4 form the pinion assembly. 34 shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • the splines 27 of said shaft 4 and the splines 20 of said pinion 3 are complementary.
  • the shape and the dimensions of the different grooves 20, 27 are adapted, respectively between them, so that the pinion 3 is integral in rotation with the pinion carrier shaft 4 in the activation position.
  • the pinion 3 is mounted on the pinion support shaft 4 by means of a driving clearance between the splines 20 and the splines 27. This driving game allows the good drive in rotation of the pinion 3 by the pinion shaft 4.
  • a radius of the pinion shaft 4 taken in the guide zone 28 is smaller than the smallest radius of the pinion 4.
  • a vertex of a portion of at least one of the splines 20 is supported, with a guide play, on a portion of the shaft in the guide zone 28.
  • the guide set allows mounting of the pinion 3 on the simplified pinion carrier shaft 4.
  • the guide clearance is smaller than the driving clearance thus allowing the pinion to be centered on the guide portion 28.
  • the pinion 3 is centered directly on the pinion shaft 4, that is to say that it does not include an intermediate piece for this centering. Indeed, this centering is directly due to the fact that the splines 20 of the pinion are open on the front face 21 associated with the fact that the pinion shaft 4 has a radius in the guide zone 28 greater than the smallest radius of the The grooves 20 thus have a dual function here which is to transmit the torque of the rotating electrical machine 8 to the heat engine while centering the pinion 3.
  • the pinion 3 is shown in its rest position. In this configuration, the rear face 22 of the pinion 3 is in contact with the stop means 32 of the pinion carrier shaft 4.
  • the pinion 3 is shown in its activation position where the pinion is engaged with the drive ring.
  • the front face 21 of the pinion 3 is in contact with the stop 30 and the pinion 3 is rotationally integral with the pinion shaft 4.
  • the present invention also makes it possible to design a starter gear whose design is simplified. Indeed, this pinion is then formed in one piece so its manufacturing process is simplified and faster.
  • the present invention thus provides a starter pinion and a pinion assembly whose design and manufacturing process are inexpensive while ensuring optimum performance of the starter and a good centering of the pinion on the shaft pinion carrier.
  • the invention finds applications in particular in the field of thermal motor starters and in particular for motor vehicle engines, but it could also apply to any type of starter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention proposes a starter gear for a motor vehicle combustion engine. The gear (3) has helical splines (20) over an entire inner surface, said splines (20) opening axially on a front face (21) of the gear (3) extending radially, said front face (21) being suitable for engaging with a ring gear of the combustion engine.

Description

PIGNON ET ARBRE PORTE-PIGNON POUR DÉMARREUR  PINION AND SHAFT GEAR HOLDER FOR STARTER
L'invention concerne un pignon pour un démarreur de moteur thermique. En outre, l'invention concerne également un arbre porte-pignon pour un démarreur de moteur thermique. Enfin, l'invention porte sur un ensemble à pignon pour un démarreur de moteur thermique ainsi que le démarreur correspondant. The invention relates to a pinion for a thermal engine starter. In addition, the invention also relates to a pinion shaft for a thermal engine starter. Finally, the invention relates to a pinion assembly for a thermal engine starter and the corresponding starter.
L'invention trouve une application dans le domaine des démarreurs notamment pour les véhicules automobiles. En particulier, l'invention trouve une application avantageuse dans les véhicules équipés de la fonction d'arrêt et de relance automatique du moteur (fonction dite "Stop and Starf en anglais).  The invention finds application in the field of starters, particularly for motor vehicles. In particular, the invention finds an advantageous application in vehicles equipped with the stop function and automatic restart of the engine (function called "Stop and Starf in English).
Afin de démarrer un moteur à combustion interne, notamment d'un véhicule automobile, il est connu d'utiliser une machine électrique tournante, sous la forme d'un démarreur, capable de transmettre une énergie de rotation à un vilebrequin du moteur thermique par l'intermédiaire d'une couronne d'entraînement.  In order to start an internal combustion engine, particularly a motor vehicle, it is known to use a rotating electric machine, in the form of a starter, capable of transmitting rotational energy to a crankshaft of the engine by intermediate of a drive ring.
Un arbre moteur de la machine électrique tournante est accouplé à un arbre porte-pignon. Cet arbre moteur transmet un mouvement de rotation à l'arbre porte-pignon sur lequel est monté, solidaire en rotation, un pignon destiné à entraîner la couronne d'entraînement.  A motor shaft of the rotating electrical machine is coupled to a pinion shaft. This motor shaft transmits a rotational movement to the pinion shaft on which is mounted, integral in rotation, a pinion for driving the drive ring.
En outre, un lanceur permet de transmettre au pignon un mouvement en translation par rapport à l'arbre porte-pignon entre une position de repos dans laquelle le pignon est dégagé de la couronne d'entraînement et une position d'activation dans laquelle le pignon peut entraîner en rotation la couronne d'entraînement.  In addition, a launcher makes it possible to transmit to the pinion a movement in translation relative to the pinion carrier shaft between a rest position in which the pinion is disengaged from the drive ring and an activation position in which the pinion can rotate the driving ring.
Le pignon est monté sur l'arbre porte-pignon via un système de liaison à cannelure. De plus, le pignon est monté de manière centrée sur l'arbre porte-pignon afin d'éviter l'usure prématurée du pignon et/ou de l'arbre porte-pignon, en particulier l'usure des cannelures, et également afin de garantir le bon entraînement en rotation du pignon.  The pinion is mounted on the pinion shaft via a spline connection system. In addition, the pinion is mounted centrally on the pinion shaft to prevent premature wear of the pinion and / or the pinion shaft, in particular the wear of the splines, and also to guarantee the correct drive in rotation of the pinion.
Dans les documents FR 2865243 et EP 2578870, il est connu de réaliser cette fonction de centrage par un anneau de centrage. Cet anneau de centrage est disposé sur une face radiale avant du pignon, c'est-à-dire sur la face du pignon venant en premier s'engager avec la couronne d'entraînement, de manière à ce que toute la surface interne dudit anneau soit en contact avec l'arbre porte-pignon. In documents FR 2865243 and EP 2578870, it is known to perform this centering function by a centering ring. This centering ring is disposed on a radial face before the pinion, that is to say on the face of the pinion coming first engage with the drive ring, so that the entire inner surface of said ring is in contact with the pinion shaft.
L'anneau de centrage peut venir de matière avec le pignon. Dans ce premier cas, le procédé de fabrication du pignon est complexe. En effet, ce procédé nécessite soit d'avoir un moule de forme complexe, si le pignon est formé par frittage, soit d'avoir une très grande précision de frappe, si le pignon est frappé, ce qui augmente les risques d'obtenir des pièces défectueuses.  The centering ring can come from material with the pinion. In this first case, the manufacturing process of the pinion is complex. Indeed, this process requires either to have a mold of complex shape, if the pinion is formed by sintering, or to have a very high typing accuracy, if the pinion is struck, which increases the risk of obtaining defective parts.
Dans un mode différent de réalisation, l'anneau de centrage peut être une pièce séparée du corps du pignon, le pignon correspond alors à l'association entre ledit corps du pignon et l'anneau de centrage. Dans ce second cas, le procédé de fabrication du pignon est également complexe et long. En effet, ce procédé nécessite la fabrication d'une pièce supplémentaire ainsi qu'une étape supplémentaire pour former le pignon final. De plus, ce type de pignon à deux pièces augmente également le risque d'obtenir des pièces défectueuses ou prématurément usées.  In a different embodiment, the centering ring may be a separate part of the pinion body, the pinion then corresponds to the association between said pinion body and the centering ring. In this second case, the manufacturing process of the pinion is also complex and long. Indeed, this process requires the manufacture of an additional piece and an additional step to form the final gear. In addition, this type of two-piece gear also increases the risk of getting defective or prematurely worn parts.
En outre, dans les deux cas précédents, le coût de fabrication du pignon est important et le pignon est encombrant.  In addition, in the two previous cases, the manufacturing cost of the pinion is important and the pinion is bulky.
La présente invention vise à permettre d'éviter les inconvénients de l'art antérieur.  The present invention aims to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art.
Ainsi, la présente invention vise à permettre de réaliser un pignon pour démarreur de moteur thermique compact tout en garantissant le bon centrage du pignon sur l'arbre porte-pignon.  Thus, the present invention aims to provide a pinion starter compact engine while ensuring the proper centering of the pinion on the pinion shaft.
En outre, la présente invention vise à proposer un pignon dont le coût de revient est modéré et dont son procédé de fabrication ainsi que son design sont simplifiés.  In addition, the present invention aims to provide a pinion whose cost is moderate and whose manufacturing process and its design are simplified.
La présente invention a donc pour objet un pignon de démarreur de moteur thermique de véhicule automobile. A cet effet, le pignon présente des cannelures hélicoïdales sur toute une surface interne, lesdites cannelures étant débouchantes axialement sur une face avant du pignon s'étendant radialement, ladite face avant étant adaptée pour s'engager avec une couronne du moteur thermique. The present invention therefore relates to a starter pinion of a motor vehicle engine. For this purpose, the pinion has helical grooves on an entire internal surface, said grooves being open axially on a front face of the pinion extending radially, said front face being adapted to engage with a ring of the engine.
Grâce à la présente invention, il est donc possible d'obtenir un pignon plus compact que ceux de l'art antérieur. En effet, le fait que le pignon soit dépourvu d'anneau de centrage permet de diminuer la longueur dudit pignon et donc d'obtenir un démarreur plus compact. Cela peut, dans un autre cas, permettre d'augmenter la longueur des dents du pignon afin d'améliorer l'entraînement de la couronne.  Thanks to the present invention, it is therefore possible to obtain a more compact pinion than those of the prior art. Indeed, the fact that the pinion is devoid of centering ring reduces the length of said pinion and thus to obtain a more compact starter. This may, in another case, allow to increase the length of the teeth of the pinion to improve the drive of the crown.
En outre, le fait que les cannelures soient hélicoïdales permet d'éviter le phénomène de « dent contre dent » lors de l'engrenage du pignon avec la couronne et également de faciliter l'éjection du pignon lorsque ce dernier est engrené avec la couronne.  In addition, the fact that the grooves are helical avoids the phenomenon of "tooth against tooth" during the gearing of the pinion with the ring gear and also facilitate the ejection of the pinion when the latter is meshed with the ring gear.
Avantageusement, les cannelures sont débouchantes axialement sur la face avant du pignon et sur une face arrière opposée axialement à ladite face avant dudit pignon. Le fait que la face arrière du pignon présente des cannelures débouchantes permet d'avoir une longueur des cannelures hélicoïdales du pignon inférieure à la somme de la longueur des cannelures hélicoïdales de l'arbre porte-pignon et de la longueur de la course du pignon lors de son mouvement de translation axiale. Le design du pignon est donc simplifié. En outre, le fait que les deux faces radiales du pignon présentent des cannelures débouchantes permet de simplifier le procédé de fabrication du pignon.  Advantageously, the splines are open axially on the front face of the pinion and on a rear face axially opposed to said front face of said pinion. The fact that the rear face of the pinion has open grooves makes it possible to have a length of the helical grooves of the pinion lower than the sum of the length of the helical grooves of the pinion shaft and the length of the pinion stroke during of its axial translation movement. The design of the pinion is simplified. In addition, the fact that the two radial faces of the pinion have open grooves simplifies the manufacturing process of the pinion.
Dans un exemple avantageux de mise en œuvre de la présente invention, le pignon comprend, sur une surface externe, des dents s'étendant radialement, lesdites dents présentant chacune une face avant radiale dont au moins une partie est inclinée. Le fait que chaque dent présente une partie inclinée permet de faciliter l'accouplement entre le pignon et la couronne d'entraînement et ainsi de garantir le bon entraînement en rotation de ladite couronne.  In an advantageous example of implementation of the present invention, the pinion comprises, on an outer surface, radially extending teeth, said teeth each having a radial front face of which at least a portion is inclined. The fact that each tooth has an inclined portion facilitates the coupling between the pinion and the drive ring and thus to ensure the proper rotational drive of said ring.
Avantageusement, la face avant du pignon comprend, pour chacune des dents, une autre partie qui est comprise dans un même plan radial que la face avant. En outre, le pignon présente de manière avantageuse, sur une surface externe, une partie pour un logement adaptée pour permettre un déplacement en translation du pignon dans une direction axiale. Advantageously, the front face of the pinion comprises, for each of the teeth, another portion which is in the same radial plane as the front face. In addition, the pinion advantageously has, on an outer surface, a portion for a housing adapted to allow a translational movement of the pinion in an axial direction.
La présente invention a également pour objet un arbre porte-pignon de démarreur de moteur thermique de véhicule automobile. L'arbre porte- pignon comprend une zone d'entraînement et une zone de guidage qui sont adjacentes et présente sur une surface externe des cannelures hélicoïdales disposées dans la zone d'entraînement. En outre, un rayon de l'arbre porte-pignon pris dans ladite zone de guidage est supérieur au plus petit rayon de l'arbre porte-pignon pris dans ladite zone d'entraînement.  The present invention also relates to a starter pinion shaft motor vehicle engine. The pinion shaft includes a drive zone and a guide zone which are adjacent and have on an outer surface helical splines disposed in the drive zone. In addition, a radius of the pinion shaft taken in said guide zone is greater than the smallest radius of the pinion shaft taken in said drive zone.
Un tel arbre porte-pignon permet de fonctionner avec le pignon décrit précédemment selon la présente invention. En effet, il est nécessaire d'avoir un pignon à cannelures débouchantes sur la face avant, tel que précédemment décrit, pour fonctionner avec cet arbre porte-pignon. Cela participe ainsi à la réduction de l'encombrement du démarreur.  Such a pinion shaft can operate with the pinion described above according to the present invention. Indeed, it is necessary to have a splined pinion on the front face, as previously described, to work with this pinion shaft. This thus contributes to reducing the size of the starter.
Avantageusement, le rayon de l'arbre porte-pignon pris dans la zone de guidage est inférieur au plus grand rayon de l'arbre porte-pignon pris dans la zone d'entraînement.  Advantageously, the radius of the pinion shaft taken in the guide zone is less than the largest radius of the pinion shaft taken in the drive zone.
En outre, la présente invention a aussi pour objet un ensemble à pignon comportant :  In addition, the present invention also relates to a pinion assembly comprising:
- un arbre porte-pignon tel que précédemment décrit,  a pinion shaft as previously described,
- un pignon, tel que précédemment décrit, monté sur l'arbre porte- pignon,  a pinion, as previously described, mounted on the pinion shaft,
et dans lequel les cannelures de l'arbre porte-pignon sont complémentaires des cannelures du pignon de manière à entraîner ledit pignon en rotation.  and in which the splines of the pinion shaft are complementary to the splines of the pinion so as to drive said pinion in rotation.
Ainsi, le pignon est directement centré sur l'arbre porte-pignon par les cannelures de la face avant du pignon qui sont débouchantes et par la zone de guidage de l'arbre porte-pignon dont le rayon est adapté aux dimensions des cannelures. L'ensemble à pignon ne comprend donc pas de pièce supplémentaire permettant le centrage, il peut donc être plus compact et en particulier présenter une longueur réduite. Thus, the pinion is directly centered on the pinion shaft by the splines of the front face of the pinion which are open and by the guide zone of the pinion shaft whose radius is adapted to the dimensions of the splines. The pinion assembly therefore does not include any additional piece for centering, so it can be more compact and in particular have a reduced length.
De manière avantageuse, au moins une partie de la surface interne du pignon est en appui sur une partie de la surface externe de l'arbre porte-pignon en dehors de la zone d'entraînement. Cela permet d'empêcher le pignon de buter centre la face radiale arrière de la partie de guidage lors de son déplacement de la position de repos à la position d'activation.  Advantageously, at least a portion of the inner surface of the pinion bears against a portion of the outer surface of the pinion shaft outside the drive zone. This makes it possible to prevent the abutment gear from centering the rear radial face of the guiding part when it moves from the rest position to the activation position.
Avantageusement, un rayon de l'arbre porte-pignon pris dans la zone de guidage est inférieur au plus petit rayon du pignon. Cela permet de la même manière d'empêcher le pignon de buter centre la face radiale arrière de la partie de guidage lors de son déplacement de la position de repos à la position d'activation.  Advantageously, a radius of the pinion shaft taken in the guide zone is smaller than the smallest radius of the pinion. This makes it possible to prevent the abutment gear from centering the rear radial face of the guide portion when it moves from the rest position to the activation position.
Dans un mode avantageux de réalisation de la présente invention, le pignon est monté sur l'arbre porte-pignon moyennant :  In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the pinion is mounted on the pinion shaft by:
- un jeu d'entraînement pris entre les cannelures dudit pignon et les cannelures dudit arbre porte-pignon,  - a drive set caught between the splines of said pinion and the splines of said pinion carrier,
- un jeu de guidage pris entre les cannelures dudit pignon et la partie de guidage dudit arbre porte-pignon.  - A guide set caught between the splines of said pinion and the guide portion of said pinion shaft.
Dans ce même mode, le jeu de guidage est inférieur au jeu d'entraînement. Cela permet de garantir le centrage du pignon sur la zone de guidage de l'arbre porte-pignon.  In this same mode, the guiding game is lower than the training game. This ensures the centering of the pinion on the guide area of the pinion shaft.
Avantageusement, le pignon est mobile en translation par rapport à l'arbre porte-pignon entre une position de repos et une position d'activation et le pignon est solidaire en rotation dudit arbre, par le biais des cannelures, dans la position d'activation. En outre, lorsque le pignon se déplace, les cannelures du pignon et celles de l'arbre porte-pignon sont agencées pour que le pignon translate et soit en rotation par rapport audit arbre. Le fait que le pignon comprenne des cannelures hélicoïdales permet de concevoir un démarreur de moteur thermique plus compact. En outre, l'arbre porte-pignon présente avantageusement un moyen de butée adapté pour permettre l'appui de la face avant du pignon sur ledit moyen de butée lorsque le pignon est dans sa position d'activation. Advantageously, the pinion is movable in translation relative to the pinion carrier shaft between a rest position and an activation position and the pinion is integral in rotation with said shaft, through the splines, in the activation position. . In addition, when the pinion moves, the splines of the pinion and those of the pinion shaft are arranged so that the pinion translate and is rotated relative to said shaft. The fact that the pinion comprises helical splines makes it possible to design a more compact thermal engine starter. In addition, the pinion carrier shaft advantageously has a stop means adapted to allow the support of the front face of the pinion on said stop means when the pinion is in its activation position.
Enfin, la présente invention concerne en outre un démarreur de moteur thermique de véhicule automobile comportant un pignon tel que précédemment décrit ou un arbre porte-pignon tel que précédemment décrit ou encore un ensemble à pignon tel que précédemment décrit.  Finally, the present invention further relates to a motor vehicle engine starter comprising a pinion as previously described or a pinion shaft as described above or a pinion assembly as previously described.
L'invention pourra être mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, d'exemples de mise en œuvre non limitatifs de l'invention et de l'examen des dessins annexés, sur lesquels :  The invention will be better understood on reading the following detailed description, examples of non-limiting implementation of the invention and examination of the accompanying drawings, in which:
- la figure 1 représente, schématiquement et partiellement, en coupe un démarreur de moteur thermique selon un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention,  FIG. 1 represents, schematically and partially, in section a heat engine starter according to an example of implementation of the invention,
- la figure 2 représente, schématiquement et partiellement, une vue en perspective d'un exemple d'un pignon de la figure 1 ,  FIG. 2 represents, schematically and partially, a perspective view of an example of a pinion of FIG. 1,
- la figure 3 représente, schématiquement et partiellement, une vue en perspective d'un exemple d'un arbre porte-pignon de la figure 1 ,  FIG. 3 represents, schematically and partially, a perspective view of an example of a pinion shaft of FIG. 1,
- la figure 4 représente, schématiquement et partiellement, une vue en coupe d'un exemple d'un ensemble à pignon de la figure 1 dans une position de repos, et  FIG. 4 represents, schematically and partially, a sectional view of an example of a pinion assembly of FIG. 1 in a rest position, and
- la figure 5 représente, schématiquement et partiellement, une vue en coupe d'un exemple de l'ensemble à pignon de la figure 1 dans une position d'activation.  - Figure 5 shows, schematically and partially, a sectional view of an example of the pinion assembly of Figure 1 in an activation position.
Les éléments identiques, similaires ou analogues conservent les mêmes références d'une figure à l'autre.  Identical, similar or similar elements retain the same references from one figure to another.
La figure 1 représente un démarreur 1 pour un moteur à combustion interne de véhicule automobile. Dans cet exemple, le démarreur 1 est de type démarreur à ogive.  FIG. 1 represents a starter 1 for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. In this example, the starter 1 is of the ogive starter type.
Le démarreur 1 comprend un boîtier 2 logeant un pignon 3 monté sur un arbre porte-pignon 4. Le pignon 3 est entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe X par l'arbre porte-pignon 4. Dans la suite de la description les orientations radiale, transversale et axiale sont à considérer par rapport à cet axe X. L'arbre porte-pignon 4 est entraîné en rotation par un arbre moteur 5. Dans l'exemple de la figure 1 , ledit arbre 4 est accouplé à l'arbre moteur 5 par l'intermédiaire d'un réducteur de vitesses 6 et d'un système de roue libre 7. Le mouvement de rotation de l'arbre moteur 5 est engendré par une machine électrique tournante 8. Ladite machine 8 comprend un rotor 9 tournant, dans cet exemple autour de l'axe X, et un stator 10 positionné autour du rotor 9. The starter 1 comprises a housing 2 housing a pinion 3 mounted on a pinion shaft 4. The pinion 3 is rotated about an axis X by the pinion shaft 4. In the following description the orientations radial, transverse and axial are to be considered with respect to this axis X. The pinion shaft 4 is rotated by a drive shaft 5. In the example of FIG. 1, said shaft 4 is coupled to the drive shaft 5 by means of a gearbox 6 and a freewheel system 7. The rotational movement of the motor shaft 5 is generated by a rotating electrical machine 8. Said machine 8 comprises a rotor 9 rotating, in this example around the axis X, and a stator 10 positioned around the rotor 9.
Le stator 10 comporte, par exemple, une culasse portant un ensemble d'aimants permanents destinés à produire un champ inducteur. Les aimants permanents sont, par exemple, conformés selon des segments cylindriques en étant angulairement répartis à intervalles réguliers à l'intérieur de la culasse et séparés uniformément du rotor 9 par un entrefer radial 11.  The stator 10 comprises, for example, a yoke carrying a set of permanent magnets for producing an inductive field. The permanent magnets are, for example, shaped according to cylindrical segments being angularly distributed at regular intervals inside the cylinder head and separated uniformly from the rotor 9 by a radial air gap 11.
Le rotor 9 comporte, par exemple, un corps de rotor et un bobinage formé de fils conducteurs enroulés dans des encoches du corps de rotor. Le corps du rotor consiste, par exemple, en un paquet de tôles présentant des encoches longitudinales.  The rotor 9 comprises, for example, a rotor body and a coil formed of conductive wires wound in notches of the rotor body. The rotor body consists, for example, of a package of sheets having longitudinal notches.
Le rotor 9 est pourvu, à l'arrière, d'un collecteur 12 comprenant une pluralité de pièces de contact permettant l'alimentation électrique du bobinage du rotor 9 via des balais 13.  The rotor 9 is provided, at the rear, with a collector 12 comprising a plurality of contact parts allowing the electrical supply of the winding of the rotor 9 via brushes 13.
Le pignon 3 est déplacé en translation suivant l'axe X par rapport à l'arbre porte-pignon 4, via un élément levier 14, entre une position de repos dans laquelle le pignon 3 est désengagé d'une couronne d'entraînement du moteur thermique (non représentée) et une position d'activation dans laquelle le pignon 3 est engrené avec ladite couronne. L'élément levier 14 tel qu'une fourchette est actionné par un contacteur 15 pour déplacer le pignon 3. Le contacteur 15 comprend une première borne électrique 16 reliée au balai 13 de la machine électrique tournante 8 et une seconde borne électrique 17 reliée à une alimentation électrique du véhicule, notamment une batterie.  The pinion 3 is displaced in translation along the axis X with respect to the pinion carrier shaft 4, via a lever element 14, between a rest position in which the pinion 3 is disengaged from a drive ring of the motor. thermal (not shown) and an activation position in which the pinion 3 is meshing with said ring. The lever element 14 such as a fork is actuated by a contactor 15 to move the pinion 3. The switch 15 comprises a first electrical terminal 16 connected to the brush 13 of the rotating electrical machine 8 and a second electrical terminal 17 connected to a vehicle power supply, including a battery.
La figure 2 illustre un exemple de réalisation du pignon 3. Ce pignon 3 comporte un corps 18 de forme sensiblement cylindrique, notamment de forme sensiblement annulaire, qui s'étend axialement. Le pignon 3 présente une surface interne qui comporte des cannelures 20 hélicoïdales. Ces cannelures 20 s'étendent, ici, sur toute la périphérie interne du corps 18 de manière à ce que, sur leur longueur, chaque cannelure présente une courbe inférieure à un angle de 360° et en particulier inférieure à un angle de 180°. FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the pinion 3. This pinion 3 comprises a body 18 of substantially cylindrical shape, in particular of substantially annular shape, which extends axially. Pinion 3 has an inner surface which includes helical splines. These grooves 20 extend, here, over the entire inner periphery of the body 18 so that, along their length, each groove has a curve less than an angle of 360 ° and in particular less than an angle of 180 °.
De plus, les cannelures 20 sont débouchantes axialement sur une face avant 21 du pignon 3. La face avant 21 s'étend radialement par rapport à l'axe X et est la face du pignon qui est adaptée pour s'engager en premier avec la couronne d'entraînement du moteur thermique. De préférence, les cannelures 20 sont également débouchantes axialement sur une face arrière 22 du pignon 3. La face arrière 22 s'étend radialement par rapport à l'axe X et est opposée axialement à la face avant 21. La face arrière 22 est également la face la plus proche de l'élément levier 14.  In addition, the grooves 20 are open axially on a front face 21 of the pinion 3. The front face 21 extends radially relative to the axis X and is the face of the pinion which is adapted to engage first with the driving ring of the engine. Preferably, the splines 20 are also emerging axially on a rear face 22 of the pinion 3. The rear face 22 extends radially with respect to the axis X and is opposed axially to the front face 21. The rear face 22 is also the face closest to the lever element 14.
En outre, le pignon 3 est muni de dents 19 sur une surface externe. Ces dents 19 se situent, de préférence, le long de toute la périphérie externe du corps 18. Dans cet exemple de réalisation, les dents 19 présentent chacune une partie inclinée 23 servant à facilité l'engrenage entre le pignon 3 et la couronne d'entraînement. Ces parties inclinées 23 se trouvent sur la face avant 21.  In addition, the pinion 3 is provided with teeth 19 on an outer surface. These teeth 19 are preferably located along the entire outer periphery of the body 18. In this embodiment, the teeth 19 each have an inclined portion 23 serving to facilitate the gearing between the pinion 3 and the ring gear. training. These inclined portions 23 are on the front face 21.
Dans cet exemple de réalisation, la partie du corps 18 de la face avant 21 et les autres parties 24 de chacune des dents 19, correspondant aux parties non inclinées des dents 19 se trouvant sur ladite face avant 21 , sont alignées radialement et donc comprises dans un même plan radial.  In this embodiment, the part of the body 18 of the front face 21 and the other parts 24 of each of the teeth 19, corresponding to the non-inclined portions of the teeth 19 on said front face 21, are aligned radially and therefore included in the same radial plane.
Dans l'exemple de la figure 2, le pignon 3 comprend également une partie pour un logement 35 adaptée pour permettre le déplacement en translation du pignon 3 dans une direction axiale. En d'autres termes, la partie pour un logement 35 est adaptée pour loger un anneau de maintien 33. L'élément levier 14, permettant le déplacement dudit pignon en translation suivant l'axe X, va alors s'insérer dans l'anneau de maintien 33. Cette partie pour un logement 35 est, de préférence, située sur la surface externe du pignon entre les dents 19 et la face arrière 22. Le pignon 3 peut être réalisé dans un matériau à base d'acier. Par exemple, le pignon 3 peut être frappé, fritté ou usiné. In the example of Figure 2, the pinion 3 also comprises a portion for a housing 35 adapted to allow the translational movement of the pinion 3 in an axial direction. In other words, the part for a housing 35 is adapted to house a retaining ring 33. The lever element 14, allowing the displacement of said pinion in translation along the axis X, will then fit into the ring This portion for a housing 35 is preferably located on the outer surface of the pinion between the teeth 19 and the rear face 22. The pinion 3 may be made of a material based on steel. For example, pinion 3 may be struck, sintered or machined.
La figure 3 illustre un exemple de réalisation de l'arbre porte-pignon 4. L'arbre porte-pignon 4 comprend un corps 25 présentant une forme correspondant sensiblement à un cylindre plein.  3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the pinion carrier shaft 4. The pinion shaft 4 comprises a body 25 having a shape substantially corresponding to a solid cylinder.
L'arbre porte-pignon 4 présente une zone d'entraînement 26 laquelle comprend des cannelures 27 hélicoïdales. Ces cannelures 27 sont, de préférences, axiales et disposées sur une surface externe dudit arbre 4. Toujours de préférence, les cannelures 27 s'étendent le long de toute la zone d'entraînement 26 de manière à ce que, sur leur longueur, chaque cannelure présente une courbe inférieure à un angle de 360° et en particulier inférieure à un angle de 180°.  The pinion shaft 4 has a drive zone 26 which includes helical splines 27. These splines 27 are, preferably, axial and arranged on an outer surface of said shaft 4. Preferably, the splines 27 extend along the entire drive zone 26 so that, along their length, each groove has a curve lower than an angle of 360 ° and in particular less than an angle of 180 °.
L'arbre porte-pignon 4 présente, en outre, une zone de guidage 28 qui est adjacente axialement à la zone d'entraînement 26. La zone de guidage 28 correspond à la partie de l'arbre porte-pignon 4 sur laquelle le pignon 3 va translater axialement afin de venir en prise avec la couronne d'entraînement tout en ayant un mouvement de rotation dû aux cannelures 20, 27.  The pinion shaft 4 further has a guide zone 28 which is axially adjacent to the drive zone 26. The guide zone 28 corresponds to the part of the pinion shaft 4 on which the pinion 3 will translate axially to engage with the drive ring while having a rotational movement due to the splines 20, 27.
Cette zone de guidage 28 peut comprendre un logement 29 destinée à recevoir une butée 30, de préférence sous la forme d'un anneau cylindrique, permettant de bloquer le mouvement de translation du pignon 3 dans une direction de la position de repos vers la position d'activation, une fois que ledit pignon 3 est bien positionné dans sa position d'activation. Le pignon 3 est alors, dans cette position d'activation, solidaire en rotation de l'arbre porte-pignon 4.  This guiding zone 28 may comprise a housing 29 intended to receive an abutment 30, preferably in the form of a cylindrical ring, making it possible to block the translational movement of the pinion 3 in a direction from the rest position to the position d activation, once said pinion 3 is properly positioned in its activation position. The pinion 3 is then, in this activation position, integral in rotation with the pinion carrier shaft 4.
L'arbre porte pignon 4 est dimensionné de telle sorte qu'un rayon dudit arbre 4 pris dans la zone de guidage 28 est supérieur au plus petit rayon dudit arbre 4 pris dans la zone d'entraînement 26. Le plus petit rayon de l'arbre porte-pignon 4 pris dans la zone d'entraînement 26 correspond au rayon dudit arbre pris entre le fond d'une cannelure 27 et le centre de l'arbre.  The pinion shaft 4 is dimensioned so that a radius of said shaft 4 taken in the guide zone 28 is greater than the smallest radius of said shaft 4 taken in the drive zone 26. The smallest radius of the shaft pinion shaft 4 taken in the drive zone 26 corresponds to the radius of said shaft taken between the bottom of a groove 27 and the center of the shaft.
De plus, dans cet exemple de mise en œuvre, l'arbre porte pignon 4 est également dimensionné de telle sorte que le rayon de l'arbre porte- pignon 4 pris dans la zone de guidage 28 est inférieur au plus grand rayon dudit arbre 4 pris dans la zone d'entraînement 26. Le plus grand rayon dudit arbre 4 pris dans la zone d'entraînement 26 correspond au rayon dudit arbre pris entre le sommet d'une cannelure 27 et le centre de l'arbre. Moreover, in this embodiment, the pinion shaft 4 is also dimensioned so that the radius of the shaft pinion 4 taken in the guide zone 28 is smaller than the largest radius of said shaft 4 taken in the drive zone 26. The largest radius of said shaft 4 taken in the drive zone 26 corresponds to the radius of said shaft taken between the top of a groove 27 and the center of the tree.
Ainsi, l'épaisseur de l'arbre porte-pignon 4 au niveau de la zone de guidage 28 est comprise entre la plus grande et la plus petite épaisseur dudit arbre 4 au niveau de la zone d'entraînement 26.  Thus, the thickness of the pinion shaft 4 at the guiding zone 28 is between the largest and the smallest thickness of said shaft 4 at the drive zone 26.
Dans cet exemple de réalisation où le démarreur est un démarreur à ogive, l'arbre porte-pignon 4 présente, en outre, une zone d'ancrage 31 située entre une extrémité avant dudit arbre 4 et la zone de guidage 28. La zone d'ancrage est la partie de l'arbre porte-pignon qui vient se loger dans le boîtier 2 du démarreur 1 par l'intermédiaire d'un palier tel qu'un roulement afin de maintenir ledit arbre 4 en position axiale centrée sur l'axe X.  In this embodiment where the starter is a starter with a nose, the pinion shaft 4 has, in addition, an anchoring zone 31 located between a front end of said shaft 4 and the guide zone 28. The zone anchoring is the portion of the pinion shaft which is housed in the housing 2 of the starter 1 via a bearing such as a bearing to maintain said shaft 4 in axial position centered on the axis X.
Une extrémité arrière de l'arbre porte-pignon 4, axialement opposée à l'extrémité avant dudit arbre, comporte ici une partie du système de roue libre 7. Entre cette partie du système de roue libre 7 et la zone d'entraînement 26, l'arbre porte-pignon 4 comprend un moyen de butée 32 permettant de bloquer le mouvement de translation du pignon 3 dans une direction de la position d'activation vers la position de repos, une fois que ledit pignon est bien positionné dans sa position de repos.  A rear end of the pinion shaft 4, axially opposite the front end of said shaft, here comprises a part of the freewheel system 7. Between this part of the freewheel system 7 and the drive zone 26, the pinion shaft 4 comprises a stop means 32 for blocking the translation movement of the pinion 3 in a direction from the activation position to the rest position, once said pinion is properly positioned in its position of rest.
Le pignon 3 de la figure 2 décrit précédemment pourra être monté tel quel sur l'arbre porte pignon 4 tel que décrit en référence à la figure 3. Ainsi, le pignon 3 et l'arbre porte-pignon 4 forme l'ensemble à pignon 34 représenté sur les figures 4 et 5.  The pinion 3 of FIG. 2 previously described can be mounted as such on the pinion support shaft 4 as described with reference to FIG. 3. Thus, the pinion 3 and the pinion shaft 4 form the pinion assembly. 34 shown in Figures 4 and 5.
Pour permettre le montage du pignon 3 sur l'arbre porte-pignon 4, les cannelures 27 dudit arbre 4 et les cannelures 20 dudit pignon 3 sont complémentaires. Ainsi, la forme et les dimensions des différentes cannelures 20, 27 sont adaptées, respectivement entre elles, de manière à ce que le pignon 3 soit solidaire en rotation de l'arbre porte-pignon 4 en position d'activation. De préférence, le pignon 3 est monté sur l'arbre porte pignon 4 moyennant un jeu d'entraînement entre les cannelures 20 et les cannelures 27. Ce jeu d'entraînement permet le bon entraînement en rotation du pignon 3 par l'arbre porte-pignon 4. To allow the mounting of the pinion 3 on the pinion shaft 4, the splines 27 of said shaft 4 and the splines 20 of said pinion 3 are complementary. Thus, the shape and the dimensions of the different grooves 20, 27 are adapted, respectively between them, so that the pinion 3 is integral in rotation with the pinion carrier shaft 4 in the activation position. Preferably, the pinion 3 is mounted on the pinion support shaft 4 by means of a driving clearance between the splines 20 and the splines 27. This driving game allows the good drive in rotation of the pinion 3 by the pinion shaft 4.
Lorsque le pignon 3 est monté sur l'arbre porte-pignon 4, au moins une partie de la surface interne du pignon 3 est en appui sur une partie de la surface externe dudit arbre 4 en dehors de la zone d'entraînement. De plus, un rayon de l'arbre porte-pignon 4 pris dans la zone de guidage 28 est inférieur au plus petit rayon du pignon 4. En d'autres termes, un sommet d'une partie d'au moins une des cannelures 20 est en appui, moyennant un jeu de guidage, sur une partie de l'arbre comprise dans la zone de guidage 28. Le jeu de guidage permet un montage du pignon 3 sur l'arbre porte-pignon 4 simplifié. En outre, le jeu de guidage est inférieur au jeu d'entraînement permettant donc le centrage du pignon sur la partie de guidage 28.  When the pinion 3 is mounted on the pinion shaft 4, at least a portion of the inner surface of the pinion 3 bears on a portion of the outer surface of said shaft 4 outside the drive zone. In addition, a radius of the pinion shaft 4 taken in the guide zone 28 is smaller than the smallest radius of the pinion 4. In other words, a vertex of a portion of at least one of the splines 20 is supported, with a guide play, on a portion of the shaft in the guide zone 28. The guide set allows mounting of the pinion 3 on the simplified pinion carrier shaft 4. In addition, the guide clearance is smaller than the driving clearance thus allowing the pinion to be centered on the guide portion 28.
Ainsi, le pignon 3 est centré directement sur l'arbre porte-pignon 4, c'est-à-dire qu'il ne comprend pas de pièce intermédiaire permettant ce centrage. En effet, ce centrage est directement dû au fait que les cannelures 20 du pignon sont débouchantes sur la face avant 21 associé au fait que l'arbre porte-pignon 4 présente un rayon dans la zone de guidage 28 supérieur au plus petit rayon de l'arbre dans la zone d'entraînement 26. Les cannelures 20 ont donc ici une double fonction qui est de transmettre le couple de la machine électrique tournante 8 vers le moteur thermique tout en centrant le pignon 3.  Thus, the pinion 3 is centered directly on the pinion shaft 4, that is to say that it does not include an intermediate piece for this centering. Indeed, this centering is directly due to the fact that the splines 20 of the pinion are open on the front face 21 associated with the fact that the pinion shaft 4 has a radius in the guide zone 28 greater than the smallest radius of the The grooves 20 thus have a dual function here which is to transmit the torque of the rotating electrical machine 8 to the heat engine while centering the pinion 3.
Dans l'exemple de la figure 4, le pignon 3 est représenté dans sa position de repos. Dans cette configuration, la face arrière 22 du pignon 3 est en contact avec le moyen de butée 32 de l'arbre porte-pignon 4.  In the example of Figure 4, the pinion 3 is shown in its rest position. In this configuration, the rear face 22 of the pinion 3 is in contact with the stop means 32 of the pinion carrier shaft 4.
Dans l'exemple de la figure 5, le pignon 3 est représenté dans sa position d'activation où le pignon est engagé avec la couronne d'entraînement. Dans cette configuration, la face avant 21 du pignon 3 est en contact avec la butée 30 et le pignon 3 est solidaire en rotation de l'arbre porte-pignon 4.  In the example of Figure 5, the pinion 3 is shown in its activation position where the pinion is engaged with the drive ring. In this configuration, the front face 21 of the pinion 3 is in contact with the stop 30 and the pinion 3 is rotationally integral with the pinion shaft 4.
Sur les figures 4 et 5, on peut voir une partie des cannelures 20 du pignon 3 guidant ledit pignon sur la zone de guidage 28 de l'arbre porte- pignon. La présente invention permet ainsi de proposer un pignon pour démarreur qui présente une longueur réduite ainsi qu'un arbre porte- pignon associé. Ainsi l'ensemble à pignon formé par ledit pignon et ledit arbre présente une longueur réduite et est donc plus compact et moins encombrant. In Figures 4 and 5, one can see a portion of the splines 20 of the pinion 3 guiding said pinion on the guide zone 28 of the pinion shaft. The present invention thus makes it possible to propose a starter gear having a reduced length and an associated pinion shaft. Thus the pinion assembly formed by said pinion and said shaft has a reduced length and is therefore more compact and less bulky.
En outre, la présente invention permet également de concevoir un pignon pour démarreur dont le design est simplifié. En effet, ce pignon est alors formé d'une seule pièce ainsi son procédé de fabrication est simplifié et plus rapide.  In addition, the present invention also makes it possible to design a starter gear whose design is simplified. Indeed, this pinion is then formed in one piece so its manufacturing process is simplified and faster.
De plus, le fait que les cannelures du pignon soient débouchantes permet également de simplifier le design et la fabrication du pignon en évitant d'endommager les outils de fabrication des cannelures.  In addition, the fact that the splines of the pinion are open also simplifies the design and manufacture of the pinion by avoiding damage to the spline making tools.
Ainsi, la présente invention permet donc d'obtenir un pignon pour démarreur ainsi qu'un ensemble à pignon dont le design et le procédé de fabrication sont peu coûteux tout en garantissant des performances optimales du démarreur et un bon centrage du pignon sur l'arbre porte- pignon.  Thus, the present invention thus provides a starter pinion and a pinion assembly whose design and manufacturing process are inexpensive while ensuring optimum performance of the starter and a good centering of the pinion on the shaft pinion carrier.
En variante, on ne sortira pas du cadre de l'invention si l'ensemble à pignon, tel que précédemment décrit, est utilisé dans un démarreur à pignon sortant.  In a variant, it will not be departing from the scope of the invention if the pinion assembly, as previously described, is used in an outgoing pinion starter.
L'invention trouve des applications en particulier dans le domaine des démarreurs pour moteur thermique et notamment pour des moteurs thermiques de véhicule automobile mais elle pourrait également s'appliquer à tout type de démarreur.  The invention finds applications in particular in the field of thermal motor starters and in particular for motor vehicle engines, but it could also apply to any type of starter.
Bien entendu, la description qui précède a été donnée à titre d'exemple uniquement et ne limite pas le domaine de l'invention dont on ne sortirait pas en remplaçant les différents éléments par tous autres équivalents.  Of course, the foregoing description has been given by way of example only and does not limit the scope of the invention which would not be overcome by replacing the different elements by any other equivalent.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Pignon de démarreur de moteur thermique de véhicule automobile, caractérisé en ce que ledit pignon (3) présente des cannelures (20) hélicoïdales sur toute une surface interne, lesdites cannelures (20) étant débouchantes axialement : Motor motor starter pinion, characterized in that said pinion (3) has helical grooves (20) on an entire inner surface, said grooves (20) being axially open:
- sur une face avant (21 ) du pignon (3) s'étendant radialement, ladite face avant (21 ) étant adaptée pour s'engager avec une couronne du moteur thermique, et  - on a front face (21) of the pinion (3) extending radially, said front face (21) being adapted to engage with a ring of the engine, and
- sur une face arrière (22) opposée axialement à ladite face avant on a rear face (22) opposed axially to said front face
(21 ) dudit pignon (3). (21) of said pinion (3).
2. Pignon selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, sur une surface externe, des dents (19) s'étendant radialement, lesdites dents (19) présentant chacune une face avant radiale dont au moins une partie (23) est inclinée. 2. Sprocket according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises, on an outer surface, radially extending teeth (19), said teeth (19) each having a radial front face of which at least a portion (23) is inclined.
3. Pignon selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la face avant (21 ) du pignon (3) comprend, pour chacune des dents (19), une autre partie (24) qui est comprise dans un même plan radial que la face avant (21 ). 3. Pinion according to claim 2, characterized in that the front face (21) of the pinion (3) comprises, for each of the teeth (19), another portion (24) which is in the same radial plane as the face before (21).
4. Pignon selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente, sur une surface externe, une partie pour un logement (35) adaptée pour permettre un déplacement en translation du pignon (3) dans une direction axiale. 4. Sprocket according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it has, on an outer surface, a portion for a housing (35) adapted to allow a translational movement of the pinion (3) in one direction. axial.
5. Arbre porte-pignon de démarreur de moteur thermique de véhicule automobile, ledit arbre porte pignon (4) comprenant une zone d'entraînement (26) et une zone de guidage (28) qui sont adjacentes et présentant sur une surface externe des cannelures (27) hélicoïdales disposées dans la zone d'entraînement (26), caractérisé en ce qu'un rayon de l'arbre porte-pignon (4) pris dans ladite zone de guidage (28) est supérieur au plus petit rayon de l'arbre porte-pignon (4) pris dans ladite zone d'entraînement (26). Motor vehicle starter pinion shaft, said pinion carrier shaft (4) comprising a driving zone (26) and a guide zone (28) which are adjacent and having on an outer surface grooves (27) helical arranged in the driving zone (26), characterized in that a radius of the pinion shaft (4) taken in said guide zone (28) is greater than the smallest radius of the pinion shaft (4) taken in said drive zone (26).
6. Arbre porte-pignon selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le rayon de l'arbre porte-pignon (4) pris dans la zone de guidage (28) est inférieur au plus grand rayon de l'arbre porte-pignon (4) pris dans la zone d'entraînement (26). Gear shaft according to Claim 5, characterized in that the radius of the pinion shaft (4) in the guide region (28) is smaller than the largest radius of the pinion shaft ( 4) taken in the training zone (26).
7. Ensemble à pignon caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte : 7. Gable assembly characterized in that it comprises:
- un arbre porte-pignon (4) selon la revendication 5 ou 6, et - a pinion shaft (4) according to claim 5 or 6, and
- un pignon (3) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 monté sur l'arbre porte-pignon (4), - A pinion (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 4 mounted on the pinion shaft (4),
et dans lequel les cannelures (27) de l'arbre porte-pignon (4) sont complémentaires des cannelures (20) du pignon (3) de manière à entraîner ledit pignon (3) en rotation. and wherein the splines (27) of the pinion shaft (4) are complementary to the splines (20) of the pinion (3) so as to drive said pinion (3) in rotation.
8. Ensemble à pignon selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie de la surface interne du pignon (3) est en appui sur une partie de la surface externe de l'arbre porte-pignon (4) en dehors de la zone d'entraînement (26). 8. pinion assembly according to the preceding claim, characterized in that at least a portion of the inner surface of the pinion (3) is supported on a portion of the outer surface of the pinion shaft (4) outside of the training zone (26).
9. Ensemble à pignon selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce qu'un rayon de l'arbre porte-pignon (4) pris dans la zone de guidage (28) est inférieur au plus petit rayon du pignon (3). 9. pinion assembly according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that a radius of the pinion shaft (4) taken in the guide zone (28) is less than the smallest radius of the pinion (3).
10. Ensemble à pignon selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le pignon (3) est monté sur l'arbre porte-pignon (4) moyennant : Gear unit according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the pinion (3) is mounted on the pinion shaft (4) by means of:
- un jeu d'entraînement pris entre les cannelures (20) dudit pignon (3) et les cannelures (27) dudit arbre porte-pignon (4),  a driving clearance between the splines (20) of said pinion (3) and the splines (27) of said pinion carrier (4),
- un jeu de guidage pris entre les cannelures (20) dudit pignon (3) et la partie de guidage (28) dudit arbre porte-pignon (4),  - a guide set caught between the splines (20) of said pinion (3) and the guide portion (28) of said pinion carrier shaft (4),
et en ce que le jeu de guidage est inférieur au jeu d'entraînement. and in that the guiding game is less than the training game.
11. Ensemble à pignon selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le pignon (3) est mobile en translation par rapport à l'arbre porte-pignon (4) entre une position de repos et une position d'activation et est solidaire en rotation dudit arbre (4), par le biais des cannelures (20, 27), dans la position d'activation et en ce que lorsque le pignon (3) se déplace les cannelures (20) du pignon (3) et celles de l'arbre porte-pignon (4) sont agencées pour que le pignon (3) translate et soit en rotation par rapport audit arbre (4). 11. pinion assembly according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the pinion (3) is movable in translation relative to the pinion carrier shaft (4) between a rest position and a position d activation and is rotatably connected to said shaft (4), through the splines (20, 27), in the activation position and in that when the pinion (3) moves the splines (20) of the pinion ( 3) and those of the pinion shaft (4) are arranged so that the pinion (3) translates and is rotated relative to said shaft (4).
12. Ensemble à pignon selon la revendication 11 , caractérisé en ce que l'arbre porte-pignon (4) présente un moyen de butée adapté pour permettre l'appui de la face avant (21 ) du pignon (3) sur ledit moyen de butée lorsque le pignon (3) est dans sa position d'activation. 12. pinion assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that the pinion shaft (4) has a stop means adapted to allow the support of the front face (21) of the pinion (3) on said means of stop when the pinion (3) is in its activation position.
13. Démarreur de moteur thermique de véhicule automobile comportant un pignon (3) tel que défini selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 ou un arbre porte-pignon (4) tel que défini la revendication 5 ou 6 ou un ensemble à pignon (34) tel que défini selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 12. 13. Motor vehicle engine starter comprising a pinion (3) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4 or a pinion carrier shaft (4) as defined in claim 5 or 6 or a pinion assembly (34) as defined in any one of claims 7 to 12.
PCT/FR2016/051080 2015-05-21 2016-05-09 Gear and gear shaft for starter WO2016185111A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1554563A FR3036443A1 (en) 2015-05-21 2015-05-21 PINION AND SHAFT GEAR HOLDER FOR STARTER
FR1554563 2015-05-21

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040211273A1 (en) * 2003-04-25 2004-10-28 Denso Corporation Starter having pinion-rotation-restricting mechanism for use in automotive vehicle
FR2865243A1 (en) 2004-01-16 2005-07-22 Denso Corp Motor vehicle engine starter, has clutch outer part integral with lateral wall portion of planet carrier close-fitted with support pin of planetary gear, and is rotatably supported through bearing by front axial end of armature shaft
FR2908161A1 (en) * 2006-11-02 2008-05-09 Denso Corp COMPACT STARTER STRUCTURE
EP2578870A2 (en) 2011-10-07 2013-04-10 Denso Corporation Starter
US20150053047A1 (en) * 2013-08-22 2015-02-26 Paul H. Sloan, Jr. Engine Starter Inertia Drive

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040211273A1 (en) * 2003-04-25 2004-10-28 Denso Corporation Starter having pinion-rotation-restricting mechanism for use in automotive vehicle
FR2865243A1 (en) 2004-01-16 2005-07-22 Denso Corp Motor vehicle engine starter, has clutch outer part integral with lateral wall portion of planet carrier close-fitted with support pin of planetary gear, and is rotatably supported through bearing by front axial end of armature shaft
FR2908161A1 (en) * 2006-11-02 2008-05-09 Denso Corp COMPACT STARTER STRUCTURE
EP2578870A2 (en) 2011-10-07 2013-04-10 Denso Corporation Starter
US20150053047A1 (en) * 2013-08-22 2015-02-26 Paul H. Sloan, Jr. Engine Starter Inertia Drive

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