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WO2016173183A1 - 背光模组、显示面板和显示装置 - Google Patents

背光模组、显示面板和显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016173183A1
WO2016173183A1 PCT/CN2015/089856 CN2015089856W WO2016173183A1 WO 2016173183 A1 WO2016173183 A1 WO 2016173183A1 CN 2015089856 W CN2015089856 W CN 2015089856W WO 2016173183 A1 WO2016173183 A1 WO 2016173183A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
guide plate
light guide
double
light source
backlight module
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/089856
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王雪绒
张财政
康海
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方光电科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US14/914,318 priority Critical patent/US10107955B2/en
Publication of WO2016173183A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016173183A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V17/00—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V19/00—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
    • F21V19/001—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders the light sources being semiconductors devices, e.g. LEDs
    • F21V19/0015—Fastening arrangements intended to retain light sources
    • F21V19/0025—Fastening arrangements intended to retain light sources the fastening means engaging the conductors of the light source, i.e. providing simultaneous fastening of the light sources and their electric connections
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a backlight module, a display panel, and a display device.
  • the backlight module is one of the key components of the liquid crystal display device. Since the liquid crystal itself does not emit light, the main function of the backlight module is to provide a uniform and high-luminance illuminant for the liquid crystal panel. The basic principle is to convert the commonly used point or line illuminant into high brightness and uniformity through an effective optical mechanism. The luminance of the surface illuminator enables the liquid crystal panel to display images properly. In addition to being applied to liquid crystal televisions and liquid crystal display devices, the backlight module can also be applied to display devices that require backlights such as digital photo frames, electronic papers, and mobile phones.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a backlight module of a liquid crystal display
  • the backlight module includes the following parts: a back plate 1 , a reflective sheet 6 disposed on the back plate 1 , and disposed on the reflective sheet 6
  • the light guide plate 3 is further provided with an optical film (not shown in FIG. 1) such as a prism film or a reflective polarizer on the light guide plate 3.
  • a light source 11 is disposed on one side of the light guide plate 3.
  • the light source 11 is composed of a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) mounted on the flexible circuit board 8. The light emitted from the light source 11 enters the light guide plate 3 from the side of the light guide plate 3 which is in close contact therewith.
  • LEDs light emitting diodes
  • the light entering the light guide plate 3 is emitted from above the light guide plate 3, and enters the optical film to be converted into a high brightness and uniform brightness backlight.
  • the light guide plate 3 needs to be in close contact with the LED.
  • the prior art mainly uses two transparent double-sided tapes to fix the light guide plate 3 on the back plate 1 , wherein a double-sided tape (ie, double-sided tape 5 ) is attached to the light guide plate 3 near one end of the LED.
  • the other strip double-sided tape 4 is attached to the end of the light guide plate 3 away from the LED, and the length is approximately equal to the side length of the light guide plate 3.
  • the reason is as follows: When the light source is working at high temperature, the LED is the main heat source, so the light guide plate 3 is close to the LED The expansion of the end is more serious, and as a result, the light guide plate 3 extends away from the LED direction, and the light guide plate 3 after the expansion and extension is re-fixed by the above two double-sided tapes at a new position; on the other hand, the double-sided tape 5 near one end of the LED is easy.
  • the high-temperature aging occurs, and the fixing force is smaller than the double-sided tape 4 away from one end of the LED.
  • the light guide plate 3 shrinks with the double-sided tape 4 away from one end of the LED as a fixed point, resulting in the light source 11 and the light guide plate after cooling. There is a gap between the 3, and the presence of the gap affects the light extraction rate of the LED, which in turn causes the brightness of the display to decrease.
  • the present disclosure provides a backlight module, a display panel, and a display device, which can reduce the gap between the LED and the light guide plate caused by the high temperature operation of the backlight module, improve the light extraction rate of the light source, and improve the brightness of the display.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a backlight module including: a light guide plate, a light source on one side of the light guide plate, a flexible circuit board for mounting the light source, and a back plate, wherein the light guide plate is adjacent to the light source
  • One end of the strip is fixed on the flexible circuit board and/or the back board by segmented double-sided tape, and each of the segmented double-sided tapes comprises a plurality of double-sided adhesive blocks spaced apart.
  • the light source in the backlight module is strip-shaped, and preferably, for example, the segmented double-sided tape extends along a length direction of the light source.
  • one end of the light guide plate near the light source is fixed by one piece of the double-sided adhesive, and one end away from the light source is not fixed by double-sided adhesive.
  • the light source includes a plurality of sets of light emitting diodes arranged along the length direction of the light source, and preferably, for example, each set of light emitting diodes and two double-sided adhesive blocks adjacent to the segmented double-sided adhesive tape The area between them corresponds.
  • the double-sided rubber block comprises: a substrate, a first adhesive layer disposed on the first surface of the substrate, and a second surface disposed on the second surface of the substrate opposite to the first surface Adhesive layer.
  • the first adhesive layer is in contact with the light guide plate.
  • the first subbing layer has a patterned structure.
  • the surface of the first adhesive layer has a stripe-like convex structure whose extending direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the light source.
  • the substrate, the first adhesive layer, and the second adhesive layer are all transparent material layers.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display panel provided with the backlight module of any of the above.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display device provided with the above display panel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a conventional backlight module
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the distribution of double-sided tape on the existing light guide plate
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a backlight module according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a distribution of double-sided tape on a light guide plate according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a corresponding schematic diagram of a spaced-apart double-sided rubber block and a light-emitting diode constituting a light source according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical path when there is no glue layer under the light guide plate according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an optical path when a glue layer exists under a light guide plate according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a segmented double-sided tape according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is an assembled view of a segmented double-sided tape with a patterned structure, a light guide plate, and a flexible circuit board according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a backlight module 100, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, comprising: a light guide plate 3, a light source 11 on one side of the light guide plate 3, a flexible circuit board 8 and/or a back plate 1, and a light guide plate. 3 is fixed on the flexible circuit board 8 and/or the back board 1 by the segmented double-sided tape 10 at one end close to the light source 11. As shown in FIG. 4, each of the segmented double-sided tapes 10 includes a plurality of spaced apart layers. Double-sided adhesive block 101.
  • FIG. 3 shows that the light guide plate 3 is fixed on the flexible circuit board 8 by the segmented double-sided tape 10 at the end close to the light source 11.
  • the light guide plate 3 can be directly fixed by the segmented double-sided tape 10 at the same.
  • the light guide plate 3 On the backboard 1, the light guide plate 3 has a flat structure. When the light guide plate 3 is in seamless contact with the light source 11, the light entering the light guide plate 3 is the most, and the light extraction rate of the light source 11 is the largest (the light extraction rate refers to the ratio of the amount of light entering the light guide plate 3 to the total amount of light emitted from the light source).
  • the light-emitting device constituting the light source 11 has various options such as an LED, an electroluminescent sheet (EL, Electroluminescent), a Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp (CCFL), a Hot Cathode Fluorescent Lamp (HCFL), An organic light emitting device (OLED) or the like is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the flexible circuit board 8 is an optional component of the backlight module, and can be replaced by other circuit structures, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the embodiment in which the light guide plate 3 is fixed by the segmented double-sided tape 10 in this embodiment can be diversified.
  • An alternative embodiment is as follows: First, the double-sided rubber blocks 101 arranged at intervals are formed on the release paper. Forming the double-sided adhesive 10; then, sticking one side of the segmented double-sided adhesive 10 to the near light source of the light guide plate 3 One end, tearing off the release paper, thereby transferring the spaced double-sided rubber blocks 101 onto the light guide plate 3; finally, the other side of the light guide plate 3 with the segmented double-sided adhesive 10 adhered to the support body (may be For the backplane 1 or the flexible circuit board 8), the fixing is completed.
  • release paper also known as release paper, prevents prepreg from sticking.
  • Another alternative embodiment is as follows: first, the two-sided rubber block 101 arranged at intervals is formed on the release paper to form a segmented double-sided tape 10; then, one side of the segmented double-sided tape 10 is adhered On the flexible circuit board 8 and/or the back sheet 1, the release paper is torn off, thereby transferring the spaced double-sided adhesive blocks 101 to the flexible circuit board 8 and/or the back sheet 1; finally, one end of the light guide plate 3 The fixing is completed by the double-sided rubber block 101 being stuck to the flexible circuit board 8 and/or the backing plate 1.
  • the thickness of the segmented double-sided tape 10 is preset to be equal to or slightly larger than the difference in thickness between the reflective sheet 6 and the flexible circuit board 8.
  • the light guide plate 3 is fixed by the segmented double-sided tape 10 at one end close to the light source 11, when the light guide plate 3 rises due to temperature When it is heated by heat, its end near the light source 11 can be expanded along the width direction of the light source 11, and can also expand along the length of the light source 11.
  • the conventional double-sided adhesive ie, the long continuous double-sided adhesive
  • the degree of expansion along the longitudinal direction of the light source 11 is relatively large, so that the degree of expansion along the width direction of the light source 11 is correspondingly reduced.
  • the gap between the light guide plate 3 and the light source 11 is reduced. Therefore, the display device provided with the backlight module of the embodiment has a significant improvement in brightness due to the high temperature operation of the backlight module. Even completely solved.
  • the liquid crystal panel since the quality of the liquid crystal panel is not up to standard, the liquid crystal panel needs to be disassembled and reworked. Generally, components such as a light guide plate need to be reused.
  • the segmented double-sided tape is used to fix the light guide plate in the embodiment. When the light guide plate is separated from the segmented double-sided tape, the surface of the light guide plate has less (or even no) glue layer remaining, and only a simple cleaning process is required. It can be reused, which helps to reduce the cost of the light guide cleaning process.
  • the light source 11 in the backlight module is strip-shaped, and preferably, the segmented double-sided tape 10 extends along the length direction of the light source 11.
  • the segmented double-sided tape 10 is disposed as far as possible on the edge of the light guide plate 3 near the end of the light source 11, and includes the case where the outer edge of the segmented double-sided tape 10 is aligned with the edge of the light guide plate 3.
  • the segmented double-sided tape 10 is disposed in this manner, and as shown in FIG. 3, only the edge space of the light guide plate 3 is occupied, so that the reflection sheet 6 has a large distribution space, and the light utilization efficiency can be improved.
  • the light guide plate When the light guide plate is fixed by the segmented double-sided tape, the light guide plate can be fixed by a segmented double-sided tape at the end close to the light source, and the double-sided tape can be disposed at the end far from the light source (the double-sided tape can be segmented) Double-sided tape can also be reinforced with ordinary double-sided tape.
  • the end of the light guide plate close to the light source is fixed by a segmented double-sided tape, and the end away from the light source is not double-sided.
  • the glue is fixed or fixed by the clamping structure. This practice has proved to be not only feasible but also has the following advantages: not only can reduce the gap between the light guide plate and the light source due to the high temperature working of the light source, but also save the segmented double-sided tape. The amount used to reduce costs.
  • the light-emitting diode is a typical point light source, and is widely used due to its high brightness, low power consumption, etc., as shown in FIG. 5, the light source 11 in this embodiment includes a plurality of sets of light-emitting diodes arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the light source, and Each group of LEDs corresponds to a region between two adjacent double-sided blocks 101 on the segmented double-sided tape 10.
  • the backlight module is specifically manufactured, in order to meet the brightness requirement of the liquid crystal panel, the number of groups of the light-emitting diodes in the light source 11 and the number of light-emitting diodes in each group can be adjusted.
  • the number of groups of light emitting diodes and the number of light emitting diodes in each group can be appropriately increased.
  • the light source 11 is composed of a plurality of sets of light-emitting diodes arranged at intervals, the light-emitting diodes are correspondingly arranged to correspond to the interval regions of the double-sided rubber blocks 101. This design can further improve the light extraction rate of the light source 11, for the following reasons:
  • the light guide plate is made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, Polymethyl Methacrylate), and its refractive index is 1.49, and the refractive index of air is 1.00. It can be seen that the total reflection angle at the interface between the light guide plate and the air is 42°.
  • the LED corresponds to the interval area of the double-sided adhesive block 101, the lower side of one end of the light guide plate 3 opposite to the LED is air. Ideally, as shown in FIG.
  • the light of the light guide plate 3 is totally reflected when it propagates to the interface between the light guide plate 3 and the air, so that it returns to the light guide plate 3 and continues to propagate with almost no light loss.
  • the LED corresponds to the double-sided adhesive block 101
  • the lower side of one end of the light guide plate 3 facing the LED is the double-sided adhesive block 101.
  • the material of the light guide plate 3 is also PMMA, and its refractive index is 1.49, and the refractive index of the double-sided adhesive block 101 is 1.41. It can be seen from the calculation that the total reflection angle at the interface between the light guide plate 3 and the double-sided rubber block 101 is 70°. From the light refracted into the light guide plate 3 by the LED, the portion having a refraction angle of less than 70° propagates to the interface of the light guide plate 3 and the double-sided adhesive block 101 through the double-sided adhesive block 101, causing light loss.
  • each group of light-emitting diodes corresponds to the interval region of the double-sided rubber block 101 (that is, the region between the two double-sided rubber blocks), the light extraction rate of the light source 11 can be further improved.
  • each set of light-emitting diodes correspond to the spacing area of the double-sided adhesive block 101
  • one side of the segmented double-sided tape 10 is first attached to the flexible circuit board and/or the back plate, so that the interval area of the double-sided rubber block 101 is aligned with each group of light-emitting diodes.
  • the light guide plate 3 is then attached to the other side of the segmented double-sided tape 10.
  • the cross-sectional structure of the double-sided rubber block 101 of the segmented double-sided tape comprises: a substrate 1011 , a first adhesive layer 1012 disposed on the first surface of the substrate 1011 , and a substrate 1011 . a second subbing layer 1013 of the second surface opposite the first surface.
  • the substrate 1011 is tightly bonded to the two adhesive layers, and is a carrier of two adhesive layers, generally a plastic material, which has a certain elasticity, so that the segmented double-sided adhesive having the substrate 1011 has a certain elasticity.
  • the segmented double-sided tape having a certain elasticity generates a stress (the stress direction is opposite to the expansion direction) for preventing the expansion of the light guide plate when the light guide plate is thermally expanded.
  • the stress contributes to the resetting of the light guide plate when the light guide plate is cooled and contracted, that is, it is advantageous to reduce the gap between the light guide plate and the light source caused by the thermal expansion of the light guide plate.
  • the surface thereof has little or no glue layer remaining.
  • the first glue layer 1012 in contact with the light guide plate 3 has a patterned structure.
  • the design can reduce the contact area between the first adhesive layer 1012 and the light guide plate 3, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the residual adhesive layer on the surface of the light guide plate.
  • the embodiment is not limited, and exemplary, it can be designed as a partially hollowed pattern. It can also be designed to be uneven.
  • the second adhesive layer 1013 can be designed to be flat, and of course, can be designed as a patterned structure like the first adhesive layer 1012.
  • the surface of the second adhesive layer 1013 is made relatively flat, thereby increasing its contact with the flexible circuit board or the back board. area.
  • the inventors of the present application respectively tested the viscosity and surface smoothness of the segmented double-sided adhesive A having a patterned structure on the surface.
  • the viscosity of the double-sided adhesive B is found to be less than B. It is known that the higher the viscosity of the adhesive layer, the easier it is to form a glue layer on the surface of the light guide plate, so that the first adhesive layer 1012 having an uneven surface is advantageous. Reduce the residue of the glue layer on the surface of the light guide plate.
  • the light guide plate By fixing the light guide plate with double-sided tape "segmented" along the length direction of the light source, the light guide plate can have a higher degree of expansion freedom along the length direction of the light source. Based on this idea, it is further preferable to form a stripe-like convex structure on the surface of the first adhesive layer 1012 of the segmented double-sided tape 10 as shown in FIG.
  • the extending direction of the convex structure is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the light source, that is, the arrangement direction of the striped protrusions is along the length direction of the light source, which is equivalent to "segmenting" the first adhesive layer 1012 of the adhesive region 101 along the length direction of the light source.
  • the light guide plate 3 has a higher degree of expansion freedom along the length direction of the light source, thereby further helping to reduce the gap between the light guide plate 3 and the light source caused by the high temperature operation of the backlight module, thereby keeping the display relatively High display brightness.
  • the glue layer remaining on the surface of the light guide plate 3 when the light guide plate 3 and the segmented double-sided tape are separated can be further reduced.
  • the segmented double-sided tape 10 is a transparent double-sided tape, that is, the substrate of the segmented double-sided tape 10, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are all transparent material layers, so that the light emitted by a part of the light source 11 can pass through.
  • the transparent segmented double-sided tape 10 enters the light guide plate 3 to increase the light extraction rate of the light source 11.
  • the backlight module of the embodiment operates even at a high temperature for a period of time, and after the temperature is lowered, no gap is formed between the light guide plate and the light source, or a gap is generated, so that the light source has a high light extraction. Rate, to ensure that the display has a higher display brightness.
  • the embodiment provides a display panel.
  • the display panel is provided with the backlight module of the first embodiment.
  • the embodiment further provides a display device.
  • the display device is provided with the above display panel.
  • the display device of this embodiment is effectively improved or even completely solved due to the brightness degradation caused by the backlight module experiencing high temperature operation.
  • the display device may be any product or component having a display function such as a liquid crystal panel, an electronic paper, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • the inventors of the present invention conducted experimental comparisons on the brightness of a conventional display device using a conventional double-sided tape fixing light guide plate and a display device using the segmented double-sided tape fixing light guide plate of the present disclosure:
  • the display device A is provided with the backlight module provided in the first embodiment, and the segmented double-sided tape is used to fix the light guide plate, and the display brightness is 6000 nits;
  • Display device B The light guide plate in the backlight module is fixed by two ordinary double-sided tapes (ie, continuous transparent double-sided tape), and the display brightness is 5500 nits.
  • the display device has a higher display brightness by using the segmented double-sided tape fixing light guide plate of the present disclosure.
  • the backlight module provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a light guide plate and a light source on one side of the light guide plate, wherein one end of the light guide plate near the light source is fixed by the segmented double-sided tape.
  • the direction of the edge of the light guide plate near one end of the light source is defined as a horizontal direction
  • the direction perpendicular to the lateral direction in the plane of the light guide plate is a longitudinal direction.
  • the segmented double-sided tape comprises a plurality of double-sided adhesive blocks spaced apart
  • the segmented double-sided tape is used to fix the light guide plate, and is fixed relative to the ordinary double-sided tape (ie, the continuous continuous double-sided tape)
  • the light guide plate is less constrained when the light guide plate is expanded toward the lateral direction near the end of the light source. Therefore, when the temperature of the light guide plate is increased, the degree of expansion of the light guide plate near the end of the light source in the lateral direction is increased as compared with the light guide plate fixed by the ordinary double-sided tape, so that the degree of expansion along the longitudinal direction is corresponding.
  • the reduction can reduce the gap generated between the light guide plate and the light source, so that the light source maintains a high light extraction rate, thereby ensuring the brightness of the display.

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Abstract

提供一种背光模组(100)、显示面板和显示装置。背光模组(100)包括：导光板(3)、位于导光板(11)一侧的光源(11)、柔性电路板(8)和/或背板(1)，所述导光板(3)在靠近所述光源(11)的一端通过分段式双面胶(10)固定在所述柔性电路板(8)和/或所述背板（1）上，每条所述分段式双面胶(10)包括间隔分布的多个双面胶块(101)，其能够减小背光模组（100）高温工作引起的光源（11）与导光板（3）之间的缝隙，提高光源（11）的光取出率，提高显示装置的亮度。

Description

背光模组、显示面板和显示装置 技术领域
本公开涉及一种背光模组、显示面板和显示装置。
背景技术
背光模组为液晶显示装置的关键部件之一。由于液晶本身不发光，背光模组的主要功能即在于为液晶面板提供均匀、高亮度的发光体，基本原理是将常用的点或线型发光体，透过有效光机构转化成高亮度且均一辉度的面发光体，使液晶面板能正常显示影像。背光模组除了应用在液晶电视机、液晶显示器件之外，还可以应用在数码相框、电子纸、手机等需要背光的显示装置中。
如图1所示，为液晶显示器的背光模组的截面结构示意图，该背光模组包括以下几部分：背板1、设于背板1之上的反射片6，设于反射片6之上的导光板3，导光板3之上还设有棱镜膜、反射偏振片等光学膜片(图1中未示出)。在导光板3的一侧面设有光源11，光源11由多个发光二极管(LED，Light Emitting Diode)组成，这些LED安装在柔性电路板8上。光源11发出的光自与其紧贴的导光板3的侧面进入导光板3。进入导光板3的光从导光板3上方射出，进入光学膜片转化成高亮度且均一辉度的背光。为使LED有较高的光取出率，导光板3需与LED紧密接触。如图2所示，现有技术主要采用两条透明的双面胶将导光板3固定在背板1上，其中一条双面胶(即双面胶5)贴于导光板3靠近LED一端，另一条(双面胶4)贴于导光板3远离LED一端，长度近似等于导光板3的边长。
发明人发现：光源工作时，由于散热性能差、工作时间长等原因，经常会导致其自身温度过高。若上述光源高温工作一段时间(比如50摄氏度工作2小时)后，当其恢复正常工作温度时，液晶面板的亮度会下降。究其原因如下：当光源在高温下工作时，LED为主要的热源，因此导光板3靠近LED的一 端膨胀较严重，结果使导光板3向远离LED方向延伸，膨胀延伸后的导光板3会在新位置被上述两条双面胶重新固定；另一方面，靠近LED一端的双面胶5容易发生高温老化，固定力度小于远离LED一端的双面胶4，因而当光源温度下降时，导光板3会以远离LED一端的双面胶4为固定点进行收缩，导致冷却后光源11与导光板3之间产生缝隙，缝隙的存在影响了LED的光取出率，进而导致显示器亮度下降。
发明内容
本公开提供一种背光模组和显示面板、显示装置，能够减小背光模组高温工作引起的LED与导光板之间的缝隙，提高光源的光取出率，提高显示器亮度。
为达到上述目的，本公开采用如下技术方案：
本公开的一个实施例提供一种背光模组，包括：导光板、位于导光板一侧的光源，用于安装所述光源的柔性电路板以及背板，其中所述导光板在靠近所述光源的一端通过分段式双面胶固定在所述柔性电路板和/或所述背板上，每条所述分段式双面胶包括间隔分布的多个双面胶块。
所述背光模组中的光源为条状，优选地，例如，所述分段式双面胶沿所述光源的长度方向延伸。
优选地，例如，所述导光板靠近所述光源的一端通过一条所述分段式双面胶固定，远离所述光源的一端不采用双面胶黏合固定。
所述光源包括沿所述光源的长度方向间隔排布的多组发光二极管，且，优选地，例如，每组发光二极管与所述分段式双面胶上相邻的两个双面胶块之间的区域对应。
优选地，例如，所述双面胶块包括：基材、设置在所述基材第一表面的第一胶层、设置在所述基材的与第一表面相对的第二表面的第二胶层。
所述第一胶层与所述导光板相接触。优选地，例如，所述第一胶层具有图案化结构。
进一步优选地，例如，所述第一胶层的表面具有条纹状的凸起结构，所述凸起结构的延伸方向垂直于所述光源的长度方向。
进一步优选地，例如，所述基材、所述第一胶层、所述第二胶层均为透明材料层。
本公开的实施例还提供一种显示面板，所述显示面板设置有上述任一种的背光模组。
本公开的实施例还提供一种显示装置，所述显示装置设置有上述的显示面板。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为现有背光模组的截面结构示意图；
图2为现有导光板上双面胶的分布示意图；
图3为根据本公开的实施例一提供的背光模组的截面结构示意图；
图4为根据本公开的实施例一提供的导光板上双面胶的分布示意图；
图5为根据本公开的实施例一提供的间隔分布的双面胶块与构成光源的发光二极管的对应示意图；
图6为根据本公开的实施例一中导光板下方不存在胶层时的光路示意图；
图7为根据本公开的实施例一中导光板下方存在胶层时的光路示意图；
图8为根据本公开的实施例一提供的分段式双面胶的截面结构示意图；
图9为根据本公开的实施例一提供的具有图案化结构的分段式双面胶与导光板、柔性电路板的组装示意图。
附图标记：
1-背板，3-导光板，4-双面胶，5-双面胶，6-反射片，8-柔性电路板，10- 分段式双面胶，11-光源，100-背光模组，101-双面胶块，1011-基材，1012-第一胶层，1013-第二胶层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
本实施例提供一种背光模组100，如图3和如图4所示，包括：导光板3、位于导光板3一侧的光源11，柔性电路板8和/或背板1，导光板3在靠近光源11的一端通过分段式双面胶10固定在柔性电路板8和/或背板1上，如图4所示，每条分段式双面胶10包括间隔分布的多个双面胶块101。
图3示出的是导光板3在靠近光源11的一端通过分段式双面胶10固定在柔性电路板8上，实际上也可以将导光板3通过分段式双面胶10直接固定在背板1上，其中，导光板3为平板状结构。当导光板3与光源11无缝接触时，进入导光板3的光最多，光源11的光取出率最大(光取出率指进入导光板3中的光量与光源发出的光总量的比值)。组成光源11的发光器件有多种选择，比如LED、电致发光片(EL，Electroluminescent)、冷阴极管荧光灯(CCFL，Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp)、热阴极荧光管(HCFL，Hot Cathode Fluorescent Lamp)、有机电致发光片(OLED，Organic Light Emitting Diode)等，本实施例不做限定。柔性电路板8为背光模组的可选部件，可以用其他电路结构代替，本实施例不做限定。
本实施例中的利用分段式双面胶10固定导光板3的实施方式可以多样化，一种可选的实施方式如下：首先，将间隔排列的双面胶块101制作在离型纸上，形成分段式双面胶10；然后，将分段式双面胶10的一面粘在导光板3的近光源 一端，撕掉离型纸，从而将间隔排列的双面胶块101转移到导光板3上；最后将导光板3贴有分段式双面胶10的另一面粘在其支撑体上(可以为背板1或者柔性电路板8)，完成固定。一般来说，离型纸又称防粘纸，其可以防止预浸料粘连。另一种可选的实施方式为：首先，将间隔排列的双面胶块101制作在离型纸上，形成分段式双面胶10；然后，将分段式双面胶10的一面粘在柔性电路板8和/或背板1上，撕掉离型纸，从而将间隔排列的双面胶块101转移到柔性电路板8和/或背板1上；最后将导光板3的一端通过双面胶块101粘在柔性电路板8和/或背板1，完成固定。
需要注意的是，如图3所示，为使导光板3在固定后能与反射片6保持贴合并平行，不存在一端翘起的情况，在具体实施时需要合理设计分段式双面胶10的厚度，一般地，将分段式双面胶10的厚度预设为等于或稍大于反射片6与柔性电路板8的厚度差。
从上述技术方案可知，本实施例提供的背光模组中，如图4所示，由于导光板3在靠近光源11一端通过分段式双面胶10固定，因此，当导光板3因温度升高而受热膨胀时，其靠近光源11一端除可以沿光源11的宽度方向膨胀，还可以沿光源11的长度方向膨胀，与现有技术中采用普通双面胶(即长条连续式双面胶)固定的导光板3相比，本实施例中的导光板3的靠近光源11一端受热时沿光源11的长度方向膨胀程度较大，沿光源11的宽度方向的膨胀程度相应减小，从而使导光板3冷却收缩时，导光板3与光源11之间产生的缝隙减小，因此设置有本实施例的背光模组的显示装置因背光模组高温工作而引起的亮度降低问题，得到明显改善甚至得到彻底解决。
另外地，由于液晶面板的质量不达标等原因，需要将液晶面板拆解、返工，一般地，导光板等部件需要被重新使用。采用本实施例中的分段式双面胶固定导光板，当导光板与分段式双面胶分离时，导光板表面有较少的(甚至没有)胶层残留，只需要简单的清洗过程即可重新使用，有利于降低导光板清洗工艺的成本。
在如图4所示的实施例中，背光模组中的光源11为条状，优选地，分段式双面胶10沿光源11的长度方向延伸。具体实施时，分段式双面胶10尽量设置在导光板3靠近光源11的一端的边缘，包括分段式双面胶10外侧边缘与导光板3的边缘对齐的情况。如此设置分段式双面胶10，如图3所示，仅占用导光板3的边缘空间，从而使反射片6有较大的分布空间，可以提高光利用率。
采用分段式双面胶固定导光板时，导光板可以在靠近光源的一端设置一条分段式双面胶固定，同时在远离光源的一端设置双面胶(该双面胶可以为分段式双面胶，也可以是普通双面胶)进行加固。为使导光板的靠近光源一端沿光源的长度方向有较高的膨胀自由度进而减少缝隙，导光板靠近光源的一端通过一条分段式双面胶固定，远离所述光源的一端不采用双面胶固定或者采用卡合结构固定，这种做法经具体实践证明不仅可行而且具有以下好处：不但能减小导光板与光源之间因光源高温工作引起的缝隙，还能节约分段式双面胶的用量从而降低成本。
发光二极管为典型的点光源，由于其亮度高、低功耗等优点被广泛应用，如图5所示，本实施例中的光源11包括沿光源长度方向间隔排布的多组发光二极管，且，每组发光二极管与分段式双面胶10上相邻的两个双面胶块101之间的区域对应。具体制作背光模组时，为满足液晶面板的亮度需求，可以调整光源11中发光二极管的组数以及每组中发光二极管的个数。一般当液晶面板要求高亮度时，可以适当增加发光二极管的组数和每组中发光二极管的个数。当光源11由多组间隔排布的发光二极管组成时，尽量使发光二极管与双面胶块101的间隔区域对应，该设计可以进一步提高光源11的光取出率，原因具体如下：
一般地，导光板材质为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA，Polymethyl Methacrylate)，其折射率为1.49，空气的折射率1.00，计算可知，导光板与空气界面上的全反射角为42°。当LED与双面胶块101的间隔区域对应时，LED正对的导光板3的一端的下方为空气，理想情况下，如图6所示，LED发出的 光经过折射进入导光板3(LED与导光板3间有很薄的空气层)，折射角θ1<42°，从而θ2＝90°-θ1>48°，θ2>42°，意味从LED入射进导光板3的光线，传播到导光板3与空气界面时会发生全反射，从而回到导光板3中继续传播，几乎无光线损失。
如图7所示，当LED与双面胶块101对应时，LED正对的导光板3的一端的下方为双面胶块101。导光板3材质同样为PMMA，其折射率为1.49，双面胶块101的折射率为1.41。计算可知，导光板3与双面胶块101界面上的全反射角为70°。从LED经折射进入导光板3的光线中，折射角小于70°的部分，传播到导光板3与双面胶块101界面时会穿过双面胶块101，造成光线损失。
因此，将每一组发光二极管均与双面胶块101的间隔区域(即两个双面胶块之间的区域)对应时，可以进一步提高光源11的光取出率。为使每一组发光二极管均与双面胶块101的间隔区域对应，有多种实施方式。例如可以通过以下手段实现：首先制作分段式双面胶10，此过程中，将双面胶块101的分布区域设计成与发光二极管分布区域相匹配的结构；然后用分段式双面胶10固定导光板3，此过程中，先将分段式双面胶10的一面贴在柔性电路板和/或背板上，使双面胶块101的间隔区域与每一组发光二极管对齐，然后将导光板3贴在分段式双面胶10的另一面上。
优选地，如图8所示为分段式双面胶的双面胶块101截面结构，包括：基材1011、设置在基材1011第一表面的第一胶层1012、设置在基材1011的与第一表面相对的第二表面的第二胶层1013。基材1011与两个胶层紧密结合，为两个胶层的载体，一般为塑料材料，具有一定的弹性，从而使具有基材1011的分段式双面胶具有一定弹性。有一定弹性的分段式双面胶，在导光板受热膨胀时，会产生阻止导光板膨胀的应力(应力方向与膨胀方向相反)。该应力在导光板冷却收缩时有助于导光板的复位，即有利于减小因导光板受热膨胀而引起的导光板与光源间的缝隙。
为使导光板与分段式双面胶分离时，其表面有较少甚至没有胶层残留，优选地，如图9所示，与导光板3相接触的第一胶层1012具有图案化结构，此设计可以减少第一胶层1012与导光板3的接触面积，从而达到减少导光板表面胶层残留的目的。值得一提的是，“图案化结构”设计时，只要能减少第一胶层1012与导光板的接触面积即可，本实施例不做限定，示例性地，可以设计成局部镂空的图案、也可以设计成凹凸不平的形貌。对于与第一胶层1012相对的第二胶层1013，由于第二胶层1013紧贴在柔性电路板和/或背板上，而柔性电路板和/或背板对光洁度的要求不高，因而，可以将第二胶层1013设计成平整状，当然也可以与第一胶层1012一样设计成图案化结构。但为了使第二胶层1013牢固地固定在柔性电路板和/或背板上，优选地，将第二胶层1013的表面制作地较为平整，从而增加其与柔性电路板或背板的接触面积。
为证明表面具有图案化结构的第一胶层1012能减少导光板表面的胶层残留，本申请发明人分别测试了表面具有图案化结构的分段式双面胶A的粘性和表面平整的分段式双面胶B的粘性，发现A的粘性小于B，众所周知，胶层的粘性越高越容易在导光板的表面形成胶层残留，所以表面呈凹凸不平状的第一胶层1012有利于减少导光板表面的胶层残留。
利用沿光源长度方向“分段”的双面胶固定导光板，可以使导光板沿光源长度方向具有较高的膨胀自由度。基于此思想，进一步优选地，如图9所示，在分段式双面胶10的第一胶层1012的表面形成条纹状的凸起结构。凸起结构的延伸方向垂直于光源的长度方向，即条纹状凸起的排列方向沿光源的长度方向，相当于将黏合区101的第一胶层1012沿光源的长度方向再次进行“分段”，从而进一步使导光板3沿光源长度方向具有更高的膨胀自由度，进而可以更有助于减小导光板3与光源之间的因背光模组高温工作引起的缝隙，从而使显示器保持较高的显示亮度。另外，采用此种结构的分段式双面胶固定导光板3时，可以进一步减少导光板3与分段式双面胶分离时残留在导光板3表面的胶层。
分段式双面胶10为透明双面胶，即分段式双面胶10的基材、第一胶层、第二胶层均为透明材料层，从而一部分光源11发出的光可以穿过透明的分段式双面胶10进入到导光板3，提高光源11的光取出率。
综上所述，本实施例的背光模组即使在高温下工作一段时间，温度降低后，导光板与光源之间不会产生缝隙或产生的缝隙较小，从而使光源有较高的光取出率，保证显示器的有较高的显示亮度。
实施例二
本实施例提供一种显示面板，显示面板设置有实施例一中的背光模组，本实施例还提供一种显示装置，显示装置设置有上述的显示面板。本实施例的显示装置，因背光模组经历高温工作引起的亮度下降问题得到了有效改善，甚至彻底解决。所述显示装置可以为：液晶面板、电子纸、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
本申请发明人对采用普通双面胶固定导光板的现有显示装置和采用本公开分段式双面胶固定导光板的显示装置的亮度进行了实验对比：
显示装置A：设置有实施例一提供的背光模组，采用本公开所述分段式双面胶固定导光板，显示亮度为6000尼特；
显示装置B：背光模组中的导光板用两条普通双面胶(即连续式透明双面胶)固定，显示亮度为5500尼特。
由以上数据可以看出，采用本公开所述分段式双面胶固定导光板，显示装置具有较高的显示亮度。
本公开的实施例提供的背光模组包括导光板和位于导光板一侧的光源，其中，导光板的靠近光源一端通过分段式双面胶来固定。为描述方便，规定导光板的靠近光源一端的边缘方向为横向，导光板所在平面内与横向垂直的方向为纵向。由于分段式双面胶包括间隔分布的多个双面胶块，采用分段式双面胶固定导光板，相对于采用普通双面胶(即长条的连续式双面胶)固定 导光板，导光板的靠近光源一端沿横向膨胀时受到的约束较小。从而当导光板温度升高时，与采用普通双面胶固定的导光板相比，本公开的实施例中导光板的靠近光源一端沿横向的膨胀程度增大，从而沿纵向的膨胀程度会相应降低，从而可以减小导光板与光源之间产生的缝隙，使光源保持有较高的光取出率，进而保证了显示器的亮度。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于设备实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述得比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。
本公开要求于2015年4月27日递交的中国专利申请第201510205042.3号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本公开的一部分。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种背光模组，包括：导光板、位于导光板一侧的光源、柔性电路板和/或背板，其中，所述导光板在靠近所述光源的一端通过分段式双面胶固定在所述柔性电路板和/或所述背板上，每条所述分段式双面胶包括间隔分布的多个双面胶块。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述光源为条状，所述分段式双面胶沿所述光源的长度方向延伸。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的背光模组，其中，所述导光板远离所述光源的一端不采用双面胶固定。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的背光模组，其中，所述导光板远离所述光源的一端采用卡合结构固定。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，所述光源包括沿所述光源的长度方向间隔排布的多组发光二极管，每组发光二极管与所述分段式双面胶上相邻的两个双面胶块之间的区域对应。
  6. 根据前述权利要求任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述双面胶块包括：基材、设置在所述基材第一表面的第一胶层、设置在所述基材的与第一表面相对的第二表面的第二胶层。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一胶层与所述导光板相接触，所述第一胶层具有图案化结构。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一胶层的表面具有条纹状的凸起结构，所述凸起结构的延伸方向垂直于所述光源的长度方向。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8中任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述基材、所述第一胶层、所述第二胶层均为透明材料层。
  10. 一种显示面板，其中，所述显示面板设置有权利要求1-9任一项所述的背光模组。
  11. 一种显示装置，其中，所述显示装置设置有权利要求10所述的显示面板。
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