WO2016136695A1 - Emitter and drip irrigation tube - Google Patents

Abstract

An emitter according to the present invention includes a water intake part, a discharge part, a first flow path, a second flow path, a flow-rate decreasing part, a flow path opening/closing part, a pressure reducing flow path, and a bypass flow path. The pressure reducing flow path is provided to the first flow path on the upstream side of the flow-rate decreasing part, reduces the pressure of an irrigation liquid, and guides the irrigation liquid to the flow-rate decreasing part. The bypass flow path is provided to the second flow path on the upstream side of the flow path opening/closing part, and guides the irrigation liquid to the flow path opening/closing part in a state where the pressure of the irrigation liquid is maintained at a pressure higher than that of the irrigation liquid that has passed through the pressure reducing flow path. When the pressure of the irrigation liquid is lower than a first pressure, the irrigation liquid passes through the pressure reducing flow path and the bypass flow path to be guided to the discharge part. When the pressure of the irrigation liquid is a second pressure or higher, the second flow path is closed by the flow path opening/closing part and the irrigation liquid passes through the pressure reducing flow path to be guided to the discharge part.

Description

Emitter and drip irrigation tubes

The present invention relates to an emitter and a drip irrigation tube having the emitter.

For some time, drip irrigation has been known as one of the plant cultivation methods. The drip irrigation method is a method in which a drip irrigation tube is arranged on the soil in which plants are planted, and irrigation liquid such as water or liquid fertilizer is dropped from the drip irrigation tube to the soil. In recent years, drip irrigation has attracted particular attention because it can minimize the consumption of irrigation liquid.

A drip irrigation tube usually has a tube formed with a plurality of through holes through which irrigation liquid is discharged, and a plurality of emitters (also referred to as “drippers”) for discharging the irrigation liquid from each through hole. . As types of emitters, there are known an emitter that is used while being joined to the inner wall surface of the tube (see, for example, Patent Document 1), and an emitter that is used by piercing the tube from the outside.

Patent Document 1 describes an emitter bonded to the inner wall surface of a tube. An emitter described in Patent Document 1 includes a first member having a water intake for taking in irrigation liquid, a second member having a discharge port for discharging irrigation liquid, and the first member and the second member. And a membrane member disposed therebetween. Inside the first member, there are formed a valve seat portion arranged so as to surround the water intake port and a decompression groove which becomes a part of the decompression flow path. A through hole is formed in the membrane member at a position corresponding to the downstream end of the decompression groove.

The first member, the membrane member, and the second member are stacked to form a decompression flow path, and the membrane member contacts the valve seat portion and closes the water intake. In addition, a flow path through which the irrigation liquid flows is formed from the intake port to the discharge port.

In the emitter described in Patent Document 1, when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure, the membrane member closing the intake port is pushed in by the irrigation liquid, and the irrigation liquid is It flows into the emitter. The irrigation liquid that has flowed into the emitter is depressurized by the depressurization channel and quantitatively discharged from the discharge port.

JP 2010-046094 A

However, in the drip irrigation tube using the emitter described in Patent Document 1, the irrigation liquid does not flow into the emitter unless the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube exceeds a predetermined pressure. Does not work when the pressure of the working liquid is very low. In addition, an emitter in the vicinity of the liquid feed pump for sending the irrigation liquid to the tube functions properly, but an emitter arranged at a position away from the liquid feed pump does not function properly. Therefore, the flow rate of the supplied irrigation liquid changes depending on the irrigation position, and the irrigable distance is limited.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an emitter and a drip irrigation tube that can quantitatively discharge the irrigation liquid not only when the pressure of the irrigation liquid is high but also when the pressure is low.

In order to solve the above problems, an emitter according to the present invention is an inner wall surface of a tube through which an irrigation liquid is circulated, and is joined to a position corresponding to a discharge port that communicates the inside and outside of the tube. An emitter for quantitatively discharging the irrigation liquid from the discharge port to the outside of the tube, the water intake unit for taking in the irrigation liquid, and being disposed facing the discharge port, A discharge part for discharging liquid, the water intake part and the discharge part are connected to each other, a first flow path for distributing the irrigation liquid, and the water intake part and the discharge part are connected to distribute the irrigation liquid. A second flow channel, a flow rate reduction unit disposed in the first flow channel and configured to reduce a flow rate of the irrigation liquid in accordance with a pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube, and disposed in the second flow channel. And the above In accordance with the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tank, the flow path opening / closing part for opening and closing the second flow path, and the first flow path upstream from the flow rate reducing part, The pressure of the introduced irrigation liquid is reduced, the pressure reducing channel leading to the flow rate reducing unit, and the second channel on the upstream side of the channel opening / closing unit are arranged and introduced from the water intake unit A bypass channel for guiding the pressure of the irrigation liquid to the channel opening / closing part in a state where the pressure of the irrigation liquid is higher than the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing through the decompression channel, and flows through the tube When the pressure of the irrigation liquid is less than the first pressure, the irrigation liquid taken from the water intake section is guided to the discharge section through the decompression flow path and the bypass flow path, and the tube The pressure of the flowing irrigation liquid is the first If it is the force or more, the second flow path by the flow channel opening and closing portion is closed, the irrigation liquid taken in from the water intake unit is guided to the discharge portion through the vacuum passage.

In order to solve the above problems, a drip irrigation tube according to the present invention is joined to a tube having a discharge port for discharging irrigation liquid and a position corresponding to the discharge port on the inner wall surface of the tube. And an emitter according to the present invention.

The emitter and drip irrigation tube according to the present invention can quantitatively discharge the irrigation liquid not only when the pressure of the irrigation liquid is high but also when the pressure of the irrigation liquid is low. Further, the emitter and drip irrigation tube according to the present invention can perform quantitative irrigation for a long distance.

1A and 1B are cross-sectional views of a drip irrigation tube according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 2A and 2B are perspective views of the emitter according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing the configuration of the emitter according to the first embodiment. 4A to 4C are diagrams showing the configuration of the emitter according to the first embodiment. 5A to 5C are diagrams showing the configuration of the emitter according to the first embodiment. 6A to 6C are schematic views for explaining the operation of the emitter according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube and the flow rate of the irrigation liquid dropped from the discharge port when the drip irrigation tube according to Embodiment 1 is used. is there. 8A and 8B are diagrams showing a configuration of an emitter according to a modification of the first embodiment. 9A and 9B are diagrams showing the configuration of the emitter according to the second embodiment. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing the configuration of the emitter according to the third embodiment. 11A and 11B are perspective views of the emitter according to the fourth embodiment. 12A and 12B are diagrams illustrating the configuration of the emitter according to the fourth embodiment. 13A to 13C are diagrams showing the configuration of the emitter according to the fourth embodiment. 14A and 14B are partial enlarged cross-sectional views of the emitter according to the fourth embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment 1]
(Composition of drip irrigation tube and emitter)
FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view in the direction along the axis of the drip irrigation tube 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the drip irrigation tube 100.

As shown in FIG. 1, the drip irrigation tube 100 has a tube 110 and an emitter 120.

The tube 110 is a tube for flowing irrigation liquid. The material of the tube 110 is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, the material of the tube 110 is polyethylene. A plurality of discharge ports 112 for discharging irrigation liquid at predetermined intervals (for example, 200 to 500 mm) in the axial direction of the tube 110 are formed on the tube wall of the tube 110. The diameter of the opening of the discharge port 112 is not particularly limited as long as the irrigation liquid can be discharged. In the present embodiment, the diameter of the opening of the discharge port 112 is 1.5 mm. Emitters 120 are respectively joined to positions corresponding to the discharge ports 112 on the inner wall surface of the tube 110. The cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axial direction of the tube 110 are not particularly limited as long as the emitter 120 can be disposed inside the tube 110.

The drip irrigation tube 100 is created by joining the back surface 138 of the emitter 120 to the inner wall surface of the tube 110. The method for joining the tube 110 and the emitter 120 is not particularly limited. Examples of the method for joining the tube 110 and the emitter 120 include welding of a resin material constituting the emitter 120 or the tube 110, adhesion by an adhesive, and the like. Normally, the discharge port 112 is formed after the tube 110 and the emitter 120 are joined, but may be formed before joining.

2A is a perspective view of the emitter 120 as viewed from the front surface 139 side, and FIG. 2B is a perspective view of the emitter 120 as viewed from the back surface 138 side. FIG. 3A is a plan view of the emitter 120 before joining the emitter body 122 and the film 124, and FIG. 3B is a bottom view of the emitter 120 before joining the emitter body 122 and the film 124. 4A is a side view of the emitter 120, FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 3A, and FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB shown in FIG. 3A. 5A is a front view of the emitter 120, FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the emitter body 122 taken along line CC shown in FIG. 3A, and FIG. 5C is an emitter taken along line EE shown in FIG. 3B. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main body 122. FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the emitter 120 is joined to the inner wall surface of the tube 110 so as to cover the discharge port 112. The shape of the emitter 120 is not particularly limited as long as it can adhere to the inner wall surface of the tube 110 and cover the discharge port 112. In the present embodiment, the shape of the back surface 138 bonded to the inner wall surface of the tube 110 in the cross section of the emitter 120 perpendicular to the axial direction of the tube 110 is formed on the inner wall surface of the tube 110 so as to be along the inner wall surface of the tube 110. It has a generally arc shape that is convex toward the top. The planar shape of the emitter 120 is a substantially rectangular shape with four corners rounded. The size of the emitter 120 is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, the length of the emitter 120 in the long side direction is 25 mm, the length in the short side direction is 8 mm, and the height is 2.5 mm.

The emitter 120 has an emitter body 122 joined to the inner wall surface of the tube 110 and a film 124 joined to the emitter body 122. The emitter body 122 and the film 124 are integrally formed via a hinge portion 126 (see FIGS. 3A and 3B).

Both the emitter main body 122 and the film 124 are formed of one kind of flexible material. Examples of the material of the emitter body 122 and the film 124 include resin and rubber. Examples of the resin include polyethylene and silicone. The flexibility of the emitter body 122 and the film 124 can be adjusted by using a resin material having elasticity. Examples of methods for adjusting the flexibility of the emitter body 122 and the film 124 include selection of a resin having elasticity, adjustment of a mixing ratio of a resin material having elasticity to a hard resin material, and the like. The integrally molded product of the emitter body 122 and the film 124 can be manufactured by, for example, injection molding.

The emitter 120 includes a water intake part 131, a connection groove 132 that becomes the connection flow path 141, a pressure reduction groove 133 that becomes the pressure reduction flow path 142, a bypass groove 134 that becomes the bypass flow path 144, a flow rate reduction part 135, a flow path An opening / closing part 136 and a discharge part 137 are provided. The water intake part 131, the flow rate reducing part 135, and the flow path opening / closing part 136 are arranged on the surface 139 side of the emitter 120. Further, the connection groove 132, the decompression groove 133, the bypass groove 134, and the discharge part 137 are disposed on the back surface 138 side of the emitter 120.

When the emitter 120 and the tube 110 are joined, the connection groove 132, the decompression groove 133, and the bypass groove 134 become a connection channel 141, a decompression channel 142, and a bypass channel 144, respectively. As a result, a first flow path 143 that includes the water intake section 131, the connection flow path 141, the decompression flow path 142, the flow rate reduction section 135, and the discharge section 137 and connects the water intake section 131 and the discharge section 137 is formed. Further, the intake passage 131, the connection passage 141, the bypass passage 144, the passage opening / closing portion 136, and the discharge portion 137 are formed, and a second passage 145 that connects the intake portion 131 and the discharge portion 137 is formed. In each of the first flow path 143 and the second flow path 145, the irrigation liquid is circulated from the water intake section 131 to the discharge section 137. In the present embodiment, the first flow path 143 and the second flow path 145 overlap between the intake section 131 and the connection flow path 141. Further, in the present embodiment, the downstream of the flow path opening / closing part 136 of the second flow path 145 is connected to the flow rate reducing part 135, and the first flow path 143 is also connected between the flow rate reducing part 135 and the discharge part 137. And the second flow path 145 overlap.

The water intake 131 is disposed in a region that is more than half of the surface 139 of the emitter 120 (see FIGS. 2A and 3A). In the region of the surface 139 where the water intake part 131 is not arranged, a flow rate reducing part 135 and a flow path opening / closing part 136 (film 124) are arranged. The water intake part 131 has a water intake side screen part 151 and a plurality of water intake through holes 152.

The water intake side screen unit 151 prevents the suspended matter in the irrigation liquid taken into the emitter 120 from entering the water intake recess 153. The water intake side screen portion 151 is open to the inside of the tube 110 and has a water intake recess 153, a slit 154, and a ridge 155.

The water intake recess 153 is one recess formed on the entire surface 139 of the emitter 120 where the film 124 is not bonded. The depth of the water intake recess 153 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set depending on the size of the emitter 120. A plurality of slits 154 are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the water intake recess 153, and a protrusion 155 is formed on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153. In addition, a water intake through hole 152 is formed on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153.

The slit 154 connects the inner surface of the water intake recess 153 and the outer surface of the emitter body 122, while taking the irrigation liquid from the side surface of the emitter body 122 into the water recess 153 and floating in the irrigation liquid. An object is prevented from entering the recess 153 for water intake. The shape of the slit 154 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the shape of the slit 154 is formed such that the width increases from the outer surface of the emitter body 122 toward the inner surface of the water intake recess 153 (see FIG. 3A). Thus, since the slit 154 is configured to have a so-called wedge wire structure, the pressure loss of the water flowing into the water intake recess 153 is suppressed.

The protrusion 155 is disposed on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153. The arrangement and number of the ridges 155 are not particularly limited as long as the irrigation liquid can be taken in from the opening side of the water intake recess 153 and the intrusion of suspended matter in the irrigation liquid can be prevented. In the present embodiment, the ridges 155 are arranged along the minor axis direction of the emitter 120 and a plurality of first ridges 156 arranged in the major axis direction of the emitter 120 and the major axis direction of the emitter 120. One second ridge 157 is formed. The first ridges 156 are formed so that the width decreases from the surface 139 of the emitter body 122 toward the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153 (see FIG. 4C). That is, in the arrangement direction of the first ridges 156, the space between the adjacent first ridges 156 has a so-called wedge wire structure. Moreover, the distance between the adjacent 1st protruding item | lines 156 will not be specifically limited if the above-mentioned function can be exhibited. On the other hand, like the first ridge 156, the second ridge 157 may be formed so that the width decreases from the surface 139 of the emitter body 122 toward the bottom surface of the recess 153 for water intake. The same width may be formed from the surface 139 of the main body 122 to the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153. Thus, since the space between the adjacent first ridges 156 is configured to have a so-called wedge wire structure, the pressure loss of the water flowing into the water intake recess 153 is suppressed.

The water intake through hole 152 is formed on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153. The shape and number of the water intake through holes 152 are not particularly limited as long as the irrigation liquid taken into the water intake recess 153 can be taken into the emitter body 122. In the present embodiment, the water intake through hole 152 is two long holes formed along the long axis direction of the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153. Since each long hole is covered with a plurality of first ridges 156, when viewed from the front side, one water intake through hole 152 appears to be divided into a number of through holes.

The irrigation liquid that has flowed through the tube 110 is taken into the emitter main body 122 while preventing the suspended matter from entering the water intake recess 153 by the water intake side screen portion 151.

The connection groove 132 (connection flow path 141) connects the water intake through hole 152 (water intake part 131), the decompression groove 133 and the bypass groove 134. The connection groove 132 is formed in a substantially U shape along the outer edge on the back surface 138 side of the emitter 120. A decompression groove 133 is connected near the center of the connection groove 132, and a bypass groove 134 is connected to one end of the connection groove 132. By connecting the tube 110 and the emitter 120, the connection channel 141 is formed by the connection groove 132 and the inner wall surface of the tube 110. The irrigation liquid taken in from the water intake unit 131 flows through the connection channel 141 to the decompression channel 142 and the bypass channel 144.

The decompression groove 133 (decompression flow path 142) is disposed in the first flow path 143 on the upstream side of the flow rate reduction unit 135, and connects the connection groove 132 (connection channel 141) and the flow rate reduction unit 135. The decompression groove 133 (decompression channel 142) reduces the pressure of the irrigation liquid taken from the water intake unit 131 and guides it to the flow rate reduction unit 135. The decompression groove 133 is disposed in the central portion of the back surface 138 along the long axis direction. The upstream end of the decompression groove 133 is connected to the connection groove 132, and the flow rate reducing through-hole 161 communicating with the flow rate reducing unit 135 is disposed at the downstream end. The shape of the decompression groove 133 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the planar view shape of the decompression groove 133 is a zigzag shape. In the decompression grooves 133, substantially triangular prism-shaped protrusions 162 protruding from the inner surface are alternately arranged along the direction in which the irrigation liquid flows. The convex portion 162 is disposed such that the tip does not exceed the central axis of the decompression groove 133 when viewed in plan. By joining the tube 110 and the emitter 120, the decompression channel 142 is formed by the decompression groove 133 and the inner wall surface of the tube 110. Of the irrigation liquid taken in from the water intake unit 131, at least a part of the irrigation liquid is decompressed by the decompression flow path 142 and guided to the flow rate reduction unit 135. Although details will be described later, the decompression flow path 142 mainly functions when the pressure of the irrigation liquid is high.

The bypass groove 134 (bypass channel 144) is disposed in the second channel 145 upstream of the channel opening / closing part 136, and connects the connection groove 132 (connection channel 141) and the channel opening / closing part 136. . The bypass groove 134 (bypass channel 144) maintains the pressure of the irrigation liquid taken from the water intake section 131 higher than the pressure of the irrigation liquid that has flowed through the decompression groove 133 (decompression channel 142). Then, it is guided to the flow path opening / closing part 136. An upstream end of the bypass groove 134 is connected to the connection groove 132, and a bypass through-hole 163 communicating with the flow path opening / closing portion 136 is formed at the downstream end. A flow path screen 164 is disposed in the bypass groove 134. The flow path screen unit 164 collects suspended matter in the irrigation liquid that could not be collected by the water intake side screen unit 151. The form of the screen portion 164 for the flow path is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the flow path screen portion 164 is a plurality of columnar protrusions 165 disposed on the bottom surface of the bypass groove 134. Note that the flow path screen unit 164 may not be disposed. By joining the tube 110 and the emitter 120, a bypass flow path 144 is formed by the bypass groove 134 and a part of the inner wall surface of the tube 110. Among the irrigation liquid taken from the water intake unit 131, a part of the irrigation liquid passes through the bypass channel 144 and is guided to the channel opening / closing unit 136. Although details will be described later, the bypass flow path 144 functions only when the pressure of the irrigation liquid is low.

The flow rate reducing unit 135 is disposed between the decompression channel 142 (decompression groove 133) and the discharge unit 137 in the first channel 143, and is disposed on the surface 139 side of the emitter 120. The flow rate reduction unit 135 sends the irrigation liquid to the discharge unit 137 while reducing the flow rate of the irrigation liquid according to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110. The configuration of the flow rate reducing unit 135 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the flow rate reducing portion 135 includes a flow rate reducing recess 171, a first valve seat portion 172, a communication groove 173, a discharge through hole 174 communicating with the discharge portion 137, and a part of the film 124. And a first diaphragm portion 175. The flow rate reducing recess 171 has a flow rate reducing through hole 161 communicating with the decompression groove 133 (decompression channel 142) and a discharge through hole 174 communicating with the ejection unit 137.

The plan view shape of the flow rate reducing recess 171 is substantially circular. On the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 171, a flow rate reducing through hole 161 communicating with the decompression groove 133 (decompression channel 142), a discharge through hole 174 communicating with the discharge unit 137, and a first valve seat 172 are arranged. Has been. The depth of the flow rate reducing recess 171 is not particularly limited as long as it is equal to or greater than the depth of the communication groove 173.

The discharge through-hole 174 is disposed at the center of the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 171 and communicates with the discharge portion 137. The first valve seat 172 is disposed on the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 171 so as to surround the discharge through-hole 174. The first valve seat 172 is formed so that the first diaphragm 175 can be in close contact when the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing through the tube 110 is equal to or higher than the second pressure. When the first diaphragm portion 175 contacts the first valve seat portion 172, the flow rate of the irrigation liquid flowing from the flow rate reducing recess portion 171 into the discharge portion 137 is reduced. The shape of the 1st valve seat part 172 will not be specifically limited if the above-mentioned function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the shape of the first valve seat portion 172 is an annular convex portion. A communication groove 173 that connects the inside of the flow rate reducing recess 171 and the discharge through-hole 174 is formed in a part of the region where the first diaphragm portion 175 of the first valve seat portion 172 can be in close contact. The flow rate reducing through hole 161 communicated with the pressure reducing groove 133 is formed in a region where the first valve seat portion 172 is not disposed on the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 171. The flow rate reducing through hole 161 communicating with the decompression groove 133 (decompression channel 142) is disposed so as to be surrounded by the first valve seat portion 172, and the discharge through hole 174 communicating with the discharge portion 137 is the first valve. It may be arranged outside the seat portion 172.

The first diaphragm portion 175 is a part of the film 124. The first diaphragm portion 175 is disposed so as to partition the inside of the flow rate reducing recess 171 and the inside of the tube 110. The first diaphragm portion 175 is deformed so as to contact the first valve seat portion 172 in accordance with the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110. Specifically, the first diaphragm portion 175 deforms toward the first valve seat portion 172 as the pressure of the irrigation liquid increases, and eventually comes into contact with the first valve seat portion 172. Even if the first diaphragm portion 175 is in close contact with the first valve seat portion 172, the first diaphragm portion 175 does not block the flow rate reducing through hole 161, the discharge through hole 174, and the communication groove 173. The irrigation liquid sent from the flow rate reducing through-hole 161 can be sent to the discharge section 137 through the communication groove 173 and the discharge through-hole 174. Note that the first diaphragm portion 175 is disposed adjacent to a second diaphragm portion 183 described later.

The channel opening / closing part 136 is disposed between the bypass channel 144 (bypass groove 134) and the discharge unit 137 in the second channel 145, and is disposed on the surface 139 side of the emitter 120. The channel opening / closing unit 136 opens the second channel 145 according to the pressure in the tube 110 and sends the irrigation liquid to the discharge unit 137. In the present embodiment, the downstream of the channel opening / closing part 136 is connected to the flow rate reducing unit 135, and the irrigation liquid from the bypass channel 144 (bypass groove 134) is supplied to the channel opening / closing unit 136 and the flow rate reducing unit 135. It passes through and reaches the discharge part 137. The structure of the flow path opening / closing part 136 is not particularly limited as long as the above-described function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the flow path opening / closing portion 136 includes a flow path opening / closing recess 181, a second valve seat portion 182, and a second diaphragm portion 183 that is a part of the film 124. In the channel opening / closing recess 181, a bypass through-hole 163 communicating with the bypass groove 134 (bypass channel 144) is opened. The channel opening / closing recess 181 communicates with the flow rate reducing recess 171 of the flow rate reducing unit 135.

The plan view shape of the channel opening / closing recess 181 is substantially circular. A bypass through hole 163 connected to the bypass groove 134 and a second valve seat portion 182 are disposed on the bottom surface of the flow path opening / closing recess 181. The inner side surface of the channel opening / closing recess 181 is inclined so as to approach the back surface 138 from the front surface 139 toward the center portion from the outer edge portion. The bottom surface of the channel opening / closing recess 181 is disposed closer to the surface 139 than the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 171. That is, the channel opening / closing recess 181 is formed shallower than the flow rate reducing recess 171. Accordingly, when the film 124 is deformed by the pressure of the irrigation liquid, the film 124 comes into contact with the second valve seat portion 182 before the first valve seat portion 172.

The bypass through-hole 163 communicating with the bypass groove 134 is disposed at the center of the bottom surface of the channel opening / closing recess 181. The second valve seat 182 is disposed on the bottom surface of the flow path opening / closing recess 181 so as to surround the bypass through-hole 163. In addition, the second valve seat portion 182 faces the second diaphragm portion 183 and is disposed in a non-contact manner. When the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing through the tube 110 is equal to or higher than the first pressure, the second diaphragm portion 183 can be in close contact. It is formed as follows. When the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing through the tube 110 is equal to or higher than the first pressure, the second diaphragm portion 183 is in close contact with the second valve seat portion 182 to close the bypass through-hole 163, and as a result, the second flow path 145 is closed. The shape of the 2nd valve seat part 182 will not be specifically limited if the above-mentioned function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the second valve seat 182 is a part of the bottom surface of the channel opening / closing recess 181 that surrounds the bypass through-hole 163. The second valve seat part 182 may be an annular convex part arranged so as to surround the bypass through-hole 163 like the first valve seat part 172.

The second diaphragm portion 183 is a part of the film 124 and is disposed adjacent to the first diaphragm portion 175. The second diaphragm portion 183 is disposed so as to partition the inside of the channel opening / closing recess 181 and the inside of the tube 110. The second diaphragm portion 183 is deformed so as to contact the second valve seat portion 182 according to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110. Specifically, the second diaphragm portion 183 deforms toward the second valve seat portion 182 as the pressure of the irrigation liquid increases, and when the pressure of the irrigation liquid reaches the first pressure, Contact the seat 182. Thereby, the 2nd flow path 145 (through-hole for bypass 163) is obstruct | occluded.

The discharge part 137 is disposed on the back surface 138 side of the emitter 120. The discharge unit 137 sends the irrigation liquid from the discharge through-hole 174 to the discharge port 112 of the tube 110. The configuration of the discharge unit 137 is not particularly limited as long as the above-described function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the discharge unit 137 includes a discharge recess 191 and an intrusion prevention unit 192.

The discharge recess 191 is disposed on the back surface 138 side of the emitter 120. The shape of the discharge recess 191 in plan view is substantially rectangular. A discharge through hole 174 and an intrusion prevention portion 192 are disposed on the bottom surface of the discharge recess 191.

The intrusion prevention unit 192 prevents intrusion of foreign matter from the discharge port 112. The intrusion prevention unit 192 is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit the above-described function. In the present embodiment, the intrusion prevention unit 192 has a plurality of ridges 193 arranged adjacent to each other. The plurality of ridges 193 are arranged so as to be positioned between the discharge through-hole 174 and the discharge port 112 when the emitter 120 is joined to the tube 110.

The film 124 has a first diaphragm portion 175 and a second diaphragm portion 183. The thickness of the film 124 is 0.3 mm, for example.

The hinge portion 126 is connected to a part of the surface 139 of the emitter body 122. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the hinge portion 126 is the same as that of the film 124 and is formed integrally with the emitter body 122 and the film 124. The film 124 may be prepared as a separate body from the emitter body 122 and bonded to the emitter body 122.

The emitter 120 is configured by rotating the film 124 around the hinge 126 and joining it to the surface 139 of the emitter body 122. The joining method of the emitter body 122 and the film 124 is not particularly limited. Examples of the method for joining the emitter body 122 and the film 124 include welding of a resin material constituting the film 124 and adhesion with an adhesive. The hinge portion 126 may be cut after the emitter body 122 and the film 124 are joined.

(Operation of drip irrigation tube and emitter)
Next, the operation of the drip irrigation tube 100 will be described. First, irrigation liquid is fed into the tube 110. Examples of irrigation liquids include water, liquid fertilizers, pesticides and mixtures thereof. The pressure of the irrigation liquid fed to the drip irrigation tube 100 is preferably 0.1 MPa or less so that the drip irrigation method can be easily introduced and the tube 110 and the emitter 120 are prevented from being damaged. . The irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is taken into the emitter 120 from the water intake 131. Specifically, the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 enters the water intake recess 153 through the slit 154 or the gap between the first ridges 156 and passes through the water intake through hole 152. At this time, since the water intake part 131 has the water intake side screen part 151 (gap between the slit 154 and the 1st protruding item | line 156), the suspended | floating matter in the irrigation liquid can be removed. Moreover, since the so-called wedge wire structure is formed in the water intake part 131, the pressure loss of the water at the time of taking-in of the water to the water intake part 131 is suppressed.

The irrigation liquid taken in from the water intake unit 131 reaches the connection channel 141. The irrigation liquid that has reached the connection channel 141 flows into the decompression channel 142 and the bypass channel 144. At this time, the irrigation liquid advances ahead of the bypass flow path 144 with less pressure loss than the decompression flow path 142. The irrigation liquid that has flowed into the bypass channel 144 flows into the channel opening / closing part 136 through the bypass through-hole 163.

The irrigation liquid that has flowed into the flow path opening / closing part 136 flows into the discharge part 137 through the flow rate reducing part 135. The irrigation liquid that has flowed into the discharge unit 137 is discharged from the discharge port 112 of the tube 110 to the outside of the tube 110.

On the other hand, the irrigation liquid that has flowed into the decompression flow path 142 reaches the flow rate reduction unit 135 through the flow rate reduction through hole 161. The irrigation liquid that has flowed into the flow rate reduction unit 135 flows into the discharge unit 137. The irrigation liquid that has flowed into the discharge unit 137 is discharged from the discharge port 112 of the tube 110 to the outside of the tube 110.

As described above, the flow rate reducing portion 135 and the flow path opening / closing portion 136 are in communication. In the flow rate reduction unit 135, the flow rate of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is controlled by the first diaphragm unit 175 in accordance with the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110. The flow rate of the irrigation liquid is controlled by the second diaphragm unit 183 in accordance with the pressure. Therefore, the operation of the flow path opening / closing unit 136 and the flow rate reducing unit 135 according to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 will be described.

FIGS. 6A to 6C are schematic diagrams showing the operational relationship between the flow rate reducing unit 135 and the flow path opening / closing unit 136. FIG. 6A to 6C are diagrams schematically showing a cross section taken along the line DD shown in FIG. 3A in order to explain the operation of the emitter 120. FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view when the irrigation liquid is not supplied to the tube 110, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is the first pressure. FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is the second pressure exceeding the first pressure. FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 and the flow rate of the irrigation liquid dropped from the discharge port 112. The solid line in FIG. 7 indicates the total flow rate of the irrigation liquid dropped from the discharge port 112, and the broken line in FIG. 7 indicates the irrigation liquid that has flowed through the second flow path 145 (through the bypass flow path 144). The alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 7 indicates the flow rate of the irrigation liquid that has flowed through the first flow path 143 (through the decompression flow path 142). The horizontal axis in FIG. 7 indicates the pressure (MPa) of the irrigation liquid, and the vertical axis indicates the flow rate (L / h) of the irrigation liquid discharged from the discharge port 112.

Before the irrigation liquid is fed into the tube 110, the pressure of the irrigation liquid is not applied to the film 124, so the first diaphragm portion 175 and the second diaphragm portion 183 are not deformed (see FIG. 6A).

When the irrigation liquid starts to be fed into the tube 110, the first diaphragm portion 175 of the flow rate reducing portion 135 starts to deform toward the first valve seat portion 172. Further, the second diaphragm part 183 of the flow path opening / closing part 136 starts to deform toward the second valve seat part 182. However, in this state, the first diaphragm portion 175 is not in contact with the first valve seat portion 172, and the second diaphragm portion 183 is not in contact with the second valve seat portion 182. The irrigation liquid thus obtained includes the first flow path 143 (connection flow path 141, decompression flow path 142, flow rate reduction part 135 and discharge part 137) and second flow path 145 (connection flow path 141, bypass flow path 144, flow It is discharged from the discharge port 112 of the tube 110 to the outside through both the path opening / closing part 136, the flow rate reducing part 135 and the discharge part 137). As described above, when the irrigation liquid is started to be fed into the tube 110 or when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is low, the irrigation liquid taken from the water intake unit 131 is reduced in pressure. It is discharged through both 142 and the bypass flow path 144.

When the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 reaches the first pressure, the second diaphragm portion 183 comes into contact with the second valve seat portion 182 and closes the second flow path 145 (see FIG. 6B). At this time, the first diaphragm portion 175 is not in contact with the first valve seat portion 172. As described above, when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 becomes so high that the film 124 is deformed, the second diaphragm portion 183 comes close to the second valve seat portion 182, and thus the liquid is discharged through the second flow path 145. The amount of irrigation liquid to be reduced will decrease. When the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 reaches the first pressure, the irrigation liquid in the second flow path 145 is not discharged from the discharge port 112 (see the broken line shown in FIG. 7). As a result, the irrigation liquid taken from the water intake unit 131 is discharged from the discharge port 112 of the tube 110 to the outside through the first flow path 143.

When the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is further increased, the first diaphragm portion 175 is further deformed toward the first valve seat portion 172. Normally, as the pressure of the irrigation liquid increases, the amount of irrigation liquid flowing through the first flow path 143 should increase. However, in the emitter 120 according to the present embodiment, the decompression flow path 142 is used for irrigation. By reducing the pressure of the liquid and reducing the distance between the first diaphragm portion 175 and the first valve seat portion 172, an excessive increase in the amount of irrigation liquid flowing in the first flow path 143 is prevented. When the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is equal to or higher than the second pressure exceeding the first pressure, the first diaphragm portion 175 contacts the first valve seat portion 172 (see FIG. 6C). Even in this case, since the first diaphragm portion 175 does not block the flow rate reducing through-hole 161, the communication groove 173, and the discharge through-hole 174, the irrigation liquid introduced from the water intake portion 131 is not connected to the communication groove. The liquid is discharged to the outside through the discharge port 112 of the tube 110 through 173. As described above, when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is equal to or higher than the second pressure, the flow rate reducing unit 135 makes the first flow path when the second diaphragm unit 183 contacts the second valve seat unit 182. The increase in the amount of the irrigation liquid flowing through 143 is suppressed (see the one-dot chain line shown in FIG. 7).

As described above, the flow rate reducing unit 135 and the flow path opening / closing unit 136 function so that the amounts of liquid flowing through each of them are complemented according to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110. The drip irrigation tube 100 can discharge a certain amount of irrigation liquid out of the tube 110 regardless of whether the pressure of the irrigation liquid is low or high (see the solid line shown in FIG. 7).

(effect)
As described above, since the drip irrigation tube 100 according to the present embodiment has the flow path opening / closing portion 136 that mainly operates at low pressure and the flow rate reduction portion 135 that mainly operates at high pressure, the irrigation liquid in the tube 110. Irrigation liquid can be dripped quantitatively without depending on the pressure.

(Modification)
8A and 8B, a second decompression groove 233 may be provided between the connection groove 132 and the bypass groove 134 as necessary. In this case, the corresponding water intake through hole 152 is configured to be short. The second decompression groove 233 is configured in the same manner as the decompression groove 133 except that the flow path length is short. The second decompression groove 233 becomes the second decompression flow path 242 by joining with the tube 110. In this case, the flow rate of the irrigation liquid flowing through the second flow path 145 can also be adjusted.

[Embodiment 2]
The drip irrigation tube according to the second embodiment is different from the drip irrigation tube 100 according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the emitter 320. Therefore, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 9A is a plan view of the emitter 320 according to the second embodiment before the emitter body 322 and the film 124 are joined, and FIG. 9B is the second embodiment before the emitter body 322 and the film 124 are joined. It is a bottom view of the emitter 320 concerning.

9A and 9B, in the emitter 320 according to Embodiment 2, the flow rate reducing unit 135 and the flow path opening / closing unit 136 are independent. The flow path opening / closing portion 136 includes a flow path opening / closing recess 381, a second valve seat portion 182, and a second diaphragm portion 183 that is a part of the film 124.

The channel opening / closing recess 381 includes a channel opening / closing recess body 385 having a circular shape in plan view, and an extending portion 386 extending laterally from the channel opening / closing recess body 385. A second discharge through-hole 384 communicating with the discharge portion 137 is formed in the extending portion 386. The second discharge through-hole 384 opens in the discharge recess 191 in the discharge portion 137.

In the drip irrigation tube according to the second embodiment, since the flow rate reducing unit 135 and the flow channel opening / closing unit 136 are independent, the first flow channel 143 and the second flow channel 145 include the water intake unit 131 and the connection flow channel 141. And only in the discharge part 137.

In the drip irrigation tube according to Embodiment 2, when the pressure of the irrigation liquid is low, the irrigation liquid is discharged out of the tube 110 through both the second flow path 145 and the first flow path 143. . As the pressure of the irrigation liquid increases, the irrigation liquid passing through the second flow path 145 decreases and the irrigation liquid passing through the first flow path 143 increases. When the pressure of the irrigation liquid reaches the first pressure, the second diaphragm portion 183 contacts the second valve seat portion 182 and the second flow path 145 is closed. When the second flow path 145 is closed, the irrigation liquid is discharged only through the first flow path 143. When the pressure of the irrigation liquid becomes equal to or higher than the second pressure, the amount of the irrigation liquid discharged through the first flow path 143 becomes substantially constant. Thus, even a drip irrigation tube according to Embodiment 2 can drop a certain amount of irrigation liquid without depending on the pressure of the irrigation liquid.

(effect)
As described above, the drip irrigation tube according to the second embodiment has the same effect as the drip irrigation tube 100 according to the first embodiment.

[Embodiment 3]
The drip irrigation tube according to the third embodiment is different from the drip irrigation tube 100 according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the emitter 420. Therefore, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 10A is a plan view of an emitter 420 according to Embodiment 3 before joining the emitter body 422 and the film 124, and FIG. 10B shows Embodiment 3 before joining the emitter body 422 and the film 124. FIG. It is a bottom view of the emitter 420 concerning.

As shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, in the emitter 420 according to Embodiment 3, the connection groove 432 (connection flow path 441) includes the first connection groove 432a (first connection flow path 441a) and the second connection groove 432b. (Second connection flow path 441b). The first connection groove 432a connects the one water intake through hole 152 and the decompression groove 133. A part of the first connection groove 432a is formed to function as a decompression groove (decompression channel). The second connection groove 432 b connects the other water intake through hole 152 and the bypass groove 134. A part of the second connection groove 432b is formed to function as a decompression groove (decompression channel).

In the drip irrigation tube according to Embodiment 3, the connection groove 432 (connection flow path 441) replaces the first connection groove 432a (first connection flow path 441a) and the second connection groove 432b (second connection flow path 441b). Therefore, the first flow path 443 and the second flow path 445 overlap only in the discharge unit 137. That is, the first flow path includes the water intake part 131, the connection flow path 441 (first connection flow path 441a), the decompression flow path 142, the flow rate reduction part 135, and the discharge part 137, and connects the water intake part 131 and the discharge part 137. 443 is formed. In addition, the intake section 131 includes a connection flow path 441 (second connection flow path 441b), a bypass flow path 144, a flow path opening / closing section 136, a flow rate reduction section 135, and a discharge section 137. A second flow path 445 that connects the two is formed. In each of the first flow path 443 and the second flow path 445, the irrigation liquid is circulated from the water intake section 131 to the discharge section 137. In the present embodiment, the downstream of the flow path opening / closing part 136 of the second flow path 445 is connected to the flow rate reduction unit 135, and between the flow rate reduction unit 135 and the discharge unit 137, Two flow paths 445 overlap.

In the drip irrigation tube according to Embodiment 3, when the pressure of the irrigation liquid is low, the irrigation liquid is discharged out of the tube 110 through both the second flow path 445 and the first flow path 443. . As the pressure of the irrigation liquid increases, the irrigation liquid passing through the second flow path 445 decreases and the irrigation liquid passing through the first flow path 443 increases. When the pressure of the irrigation liquid reaches the first pressure, the second diaphragm portion 183 contacts the second valve seat portion 182 and the second flow path 445 is closed. When the second flow path 445 is closed, the irrigation liquid is discharged only through the first flow path 443. Further, when the pressure of the irrigation liquid becomes equal to or higher than the second pressure, the amount of the irrigation liquid discharged through the first flow path 443 becomes substantially constant. Thus, even a drip irrigation tube according to Embodiment 3 can drop a certain amount of irrigation liquid without depending on the pressure of the irrigation liquid.

(effect)
As described above, the drip irrigation tube according to Embodiment 3 has the same effects as the drip irrigation tube 100 according to Embodiment 1.

[Embodiment 4]
The drip irrigation tube according to the fourth embodiment is different from the drip irrigation tube 100 according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the emitter 520. Therefore, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 11A is a perspective view of the emitter 520 viewed from the front surface 139 side, and FIG. 11B is a perspective view of the emitter 520 viewed from the back surface 138 side. 12A is a plan view of the emitter 520 according to the fourth embodiment before the emitter body 522 and the film 124 are joined, and FIG. 12B is the fourth embodiment before the emitter body 522 and the film 124 are joined. It is a bottom view of the emitter 520 which concerns on. 13A is a side view of the emitter 520, FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 12A, and FIG. 13C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB shown in FIG. 12A. 14A is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the flow path opening / closing part 536, and FIG. 14B is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the flow rate reducing part 535.

11 and 12, the emitter 520 includes an emitter body 522 and a film 124. The emitter body 522 and the film 124 are integrally formed via a hinge portion 126.

The emitter 520 includes a water intake 131, a first connection groove 532 that becomes the first connection flow path 541, a pressure reduction groove 533 that becomes the pressure reduction flow path 542, a bypass groove 534 that becomes the bypass flow path 544, and a flow rate reduction part 535. And a flow path opening / closing part 536, a discharge part 137, and a second connection groove 538 serving as a second connection flow path 539. The water intake part 131, the flow rate reduction part 535, and the flow path opening / closing part 536 are arranged on the surface 139 side of the emitter 520. Further, the first connection groove 532, the decompression groove 533, the bypass groove 534, the discharge part 137, and the second connection groove 538 are disposed on the back surface 138 side of the emitter 520.

By joining the emitter 520 and the tube, the first connection groove 532, the decompression groove 533, the bypass groove 534, and the second connection groove 538 are respectively connected to the first connection channel 541, the decompression channel 542, the bypass channel 544, and A second connection flow path 539 is formed. That is, a first flow path 543 that includes the water intake section 131, the first connection flow path 541, the decompression flow path 542, the flow rate reduction section 535, and the discharge section 137 and connects the water intake section 131 and the discharge section 137 is formed. Further, the intake section 131, the first connection flow path 541, the bypass flow path 544, the flow path opening / closing section 536, the second connection flow path 359, the flow rate reduction section 535, and the discharge section 137 are configured. A second flow path 545 that connects the two is formed. In each of the first flow path 543 and the second flow path 545, the irrigation liquid is circulated from the water intake section 131 to the discharge section 137. In the present embodiment, the downstream of the flow path opening / closing part 536 of the second flow path 545 is connected to the flow rate reduction part 535, and the area between the flow rate reduction part 535 and the discharge part 137 is connected to the first flow path 543 and the first flow path 535. The two flow paths 545 overlap.

The water intake part 131 has a water intake side screen part 151 and a water intake through hole 152. In the present embodiment, the water intake through hole 152 is a single long hole formed along the long axis direction of the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153. Since the long hole is covered with a plurality of first ridges 156, when viewed from the front side, the water intake through hole 152 appears to be divided into a large number of through holes.

The first connection groove 532 (first connection flow path 541) connects the water intake through hole 152 (water intake part 131), the pressure reducing groove 533, and the bypass groove 534. A bypass groove 534 is connected near the center of the first connection groove 532, and a decompression groove 533 is connected to one end of the first connection groove 532 (the side where the water intake through hole 152 is not disposed). ing. In the present embodiment, a part of the bypass groove 534 is formed so as to function as a decompression groove. In addition, a part of the connection groove 432 between the water intake through hole 152 and the bypass groove 534 is also formed to function as a decompression groove.

The flow rate reducing portion 535 includes a first flow rate reducing recess 171, a first valve seat portion 572, a communication groove 573, a discharge through hole 174, a first diaphragm portion 175, and a flow path opening / closing portion 536. A connection hole 576. The flow rate reducing recess 171 has a flow rate reducing through hole 161, a discharge through hole 174, and a first connection hole 576 communicating with the second connection groove 538 (second connection channel 539).

The first valve seat 572 is disposed on the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 171 so as to surround the discharge through-hole 174. In the present embodiment, the shape of the first valve seat portion 572 is an annular convex portion. More specifically, the shape of the first valve seat portion 572 is formed such that the valve seat surface is inclined from the opening portion of the discharge through hole 174 toward the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess portion 171. The communication groove 573 communicates with the discharge through-hole 174 and has a constant section 577 having a constant cross-sectional area, and is disposed on the outer edge side with respect to the constant section 577 and decreases in a cross-sectional area that decreases toward the outer edge. 578.

The channel opening / closing portion 536 includes a second connection hole communicating with the channel opening / closing recess 581, the second valve seat portion 582, the second diaphragm portion 183, and the second connection groove 538 (second connection channel 539). 540.

The planar view shape of the channel opening / closing recess 581 is substantially circular. A bypass through-hole 163, a second valve seat portion 582, and a second connection hole 540 communicating with the second connection groove 538 (flow rate reducing portion 535) are disposed on the bottom surface of the channel opening / closing recess 581. ing. In the present embodiment, the channel opening / closing recess 581 has the same size and the same shape as the flow rate reducing recess 171. That is, in the fourth embodiment, the channel opening / closing recess 581 is formed larger than the channel opening / closing recesses 181 and 381 of the first to third embodiments. In the present embodiment, the flow rate reducing recess 171 and the flow path opening / closing recess 581 are arranged side by side in the major axis direction of the emitter 520. The irrigation liquid that has flowed into the channel opening / closing recess 581 flows into the flow rate reduction unit 535 via the second connection hole 540, the second connection channel 539, and the first connection hole 576.

In the drip irrigation tube according to the fourth embodiment, when the pressure of the irrigation liquid is low, the irrigation liquid is discharged out of the tube through both the second channel 545 and the first channel 543. As the pressure of the irrigation liquid increases, the first diaphragm portion 175 deforms toward the first valve seat portion 572 and the second diaphragm portion 183 deforms toward the second valve seat portion 582. When the pressure of the irrigation liquid reaches the first pressure, the second diaphragm portion 183 contacts the second valve seat portion 582 and the second flow path 545 is closed. At this time, since the channel opening / closing recess 581 is formed larger than in the first to third embodiments, the second diaphragm portion 183 is easily affected by the pressure of the irrigation liquid. Therefore, the time from when the flow rate of the irrigation liquid in the second flow path 545 reaches its peak until the flow rate of the irrigation liquid in the second flow path 545 reaches zero is shortened (see the broken line in FIG. 7). When the second channel 545 is closed, the irrigation liquid is discharged only through the first channel 543.

When the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube is further increased, the first diaphragm portion 175 is further deformed toward the first valve seat portion 572. Normally, as the pressure of the irrigation liquid increases, the amount of irrigation liquid flowing through the first flow path 543 should increase. However, in the emitter 520 according to the present embodiment, the first valve seat 572 Since the valve seat surface is inclined downward toward the outer edge, the first diaphragm portion 175 becomes closer to the valve seat surface as the pressure of the irrigation liquid becomes higher than the second pressure. The flow path formed by 573 and the first diaphragm portion 175 is gradually lengthened, and the opening on the outer edge side is gradually narrowed. Thus, when the pressure of the irrigation liquid becomes equal to or higher than the second pressure, the flow rate of the irrigation liquid from the flow rate reduction unit 535 is controlled to a flow rate according to the opening area of the flow path, and finally from the discharge port. Only the irrigation liquid having a flow rate corresponding to the opening area is discharged. Thus, in the emitter 520 according to the fourth embodiment, when the pressure of the irrigation liquid is equal to or higher than the second pressure, the increase in the flow rate of the irrigation liquid due to the pressure of the irrigation liquid and the opening area of the flow path Since the decrease in the flow rate of the irrigation liquid is offset, the amount of the irrigation liquid discharged from the discharge port does not increase even when the pressure of the irrigation liquid increases to the second pressure or higher. .

(effect)
As described above, the drip irrigation tube according to the fourth embodiment is more reliable than the drip irrigation tube according to the first embodiment without depending on the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube. Can be dripped.

In addition, the emitter 520 according to the fourth embodiment can be more easily downsized because the flow rate reducing recess 171 and the flow path opening / closing recess 581 are arranged side by side in the major axis direction of the emitter 520.

In the first to fourth embodiments, the connection channels 141 and 441, the decompression channel 142, and the bypass channel 144 are formed by joining the emitters 120, 320, 420, and 520 and the tube 110 together. The connection channels 141 and 441, the decompression channels 142, 442 and 542, and the bypass channels 144 and 544 may be previously formed as channels in the emitter.

In the first to fourth embodiments, the timing of contact when the film 124 is deformed is adjusted by changing the position (height) of the first valve seat portions 172 and 572 and the second valve seat portions 182 and 582. However, the position (height) of the first valve seat portions 172 and 572 and the second valve seat portions 182 and 582 may be the same depth. In this case, by changing the thickness and material (elasticity) of the first diaphragm portion 175 and the second diaphragm portion 183, the contact timing when the film 124 is deformed may be adjusted.

This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-035450 filed on February 25, 2015 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-112274 filed on June 2, 2015. The contents described in the application specification and the drawings are all incorporated herein.

According to the present invention, it is possible to easily provide an emitter capable of dropping liquid at an appropriate speed depending on the pressure of the liquid to be dropped. Therefore, the spread of the emitter to technical fields that require long-term dripping, such as drip irrigation and durability tests, and further development of the technical field are expected.

100 Drip irrigation tube 110 Tube 112 Discharge port 120, 320, 420, 520 Emitter 122, 322, 422, 522 Emitter body 124 Film 126 Hinge part 131 Water intake part 132 Connection groove 133, 533 Decompression groove 134, 534 Bypass groove 135, 535 Flow rate decreasing unit 136, 536 Channel opening / closing unit 137 Discharging unit 138 Back surface 139 Surface 141, 441 Connection channel 142, 542 Decompression channel 143, 443, 543 First channel 144, 544 Bypass channel 145, 445, 545 Second flow passage 151 Water intake side screen portion 152 Water intake through hole 153 Water intake concave portion 154 Slit 155 Projection 156 First convex strip 157 Second convex strip 161 Flow rate reducing through hole 162 Projection portion 163 Bypass through hole 164 Channel For screen 165 Protrusion 171 Flow rate reducing recess 172, 572 First valve seat 173, 573 Communication groove 174 Discharge through-hole 175 First diaphragm 181, 381, 581 Flow channel opening / closing recess 182, 582 Second valve seat 183 First 2 Diaphragm portion 191 Discharge recess 192 Intrusion prevention portion 193 Projection ridge 233 Second decompression groove 242 Second decompression flow channel 384 Second discharge through hole 385 Flow passage opening / closing recess body 386 Extension portion 432a First connection groove 432b Second connection groove 433a Third decompression groove 433b Fourth decompression groove 441a First connection flow path 441b Second connection flow path 442a Third decompression flow path 442b Fourth decompression flow path 532 First connection groove 538 Second connection groove 539 Second 2 connection channel 540 2nd connection hole 541 1st connection channel 576 1st connection hole 577 fixed part 578 decreasing part

Claims (10)

1. It is an inner wall surface of a tube through which the irrigation liquid is circulated, and is joined to a position corresponding to a discharge port communicating between the inside and the outside of the tube, and quantitatively discharges the irrigation liquid in the tube from the discharge port. An emitter for discharging
   A water intake for taking in the irrigation liquid;
   A discharge part arranged to face the discharge port, for discharging the irrigation liquid;
   A first flow path that connects the water intake section and the discharge section and distributes the irrigation liquid;
   A second flow path that connects the water intake section and the discharge section and distributes the irrigation liquid;
   A flow rate reduction unit disposed in the first flow path and configured to reduce the flow rate of the irrigation liquid according to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube;
   A flow path opening / closing section that is disposed in the second flow path and opens and closes the second flow path according to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube;
   A pressure reducing channel disposed in the first flow channel upstream of the flow rate reducing unit, and reducing the pressure of the irrigation liquid taken from the water intake unit and leading to the flow rate reducing unit;
   The pressure of the irrigation liquid, which is disposed in the second flow path upstream of the flow path opening / closing section and is taken in from the water intake section, is higher than the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing through the decompression flow path. In a maintained state, a bypass flow path leading to the flow path opening and closing section,
   Have
   When the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing through the tube is less than a first pressure, the irrigation liquid taken from the water intake section is guided to the discharge section through the decompression flow path and the bypass flow path. ,
   When the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing through the tube is equal to or higher than the first pressure, the second flow path is closed by the flow path opening / closing section, and the irrigation liquid taken in from the water intake section is reduced in pressure. Led to the discharge part through the flow path,
   Emitter.
2. The downstream of the flow path opening / closing part is connected to the flow rate reducing part,
   When the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing through the tube is less than the first pressure, the irrigation liquid from the bypass flow channel passes through both the flow channel opening / closing unit and the flow rate reducing unit to the discharge unit. Led,
   The emitter according to claim 1.
3. The flow rate reducing portion and the flow path opening / closing portion are independent,
   The irrigation liquid from the decompression flow path is led to the discharge part through the flow rate reducing part,
   The irrigation liquid from the bypass flow path is guided to the discharge section through the flow path opening / closing section,
   The emitter according to claim 1.
4. The flow rate reducing part is
   A recess for reducing the flow rate;
   A first diaphragm portion having flexibility, disposed so as to partition the inside of the recess for reducing flow rate and the inside of the tube;
   An opening on the inner surface of the flow rate reducing recess, and a flow rate reducing through hole communicating with one of the discharge portion and the pressure reducing channel;
   If the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing through the tube is not less than a second pressure exceeding the first pressure, the non-contact arrangement facing the first diaphragm portion so as to surround the flow rate reducing through hole, A first valve seat part to which the first diaphragm part can be in close contact;
   A communication groove formed on a surface to which the first diaphragm portion of the first valve seat portion can be in close contact, and communicating the inside of the flow rate reducing recess and the flow rate reducing through hole;
   A discharge through hole that opens to the inner surface of the flow rate reducing recess and communicates with the other of the discharge portion and the decompression flow path.
   The emitter according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The flow path opening / closing part is
   A channel opening / closing recess in which a bypass through hole communicating with the bypass channel is opened on an inner surface;
   A flexible second diaphragm portion disposed so as to partition the inside of the channel opening / closing recess and the inside of the tube;
   When the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing through the tube is equal to or higher than the first pressure, the second diaphragm portion is disposed so as to face the second diaphragm portion so as to surround the bypass through hole. A second valve seat portion that can be brought into close contact with,
   The emitter according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The emitter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the water intake portion has a water intake side screen portion including a slit opened to the inside of the tube.
7. The emitter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the discharge unit includes an intrusion prevention unit for preventing intrusion of foreign matter from the discharge port.
8. The emitter is molded from one kind of flexible material,
   The first diaphragm portion is integrally formed as a part of the emitter,
   The emitter according to claim 4.
9. The emitter is molded from one kind of flexible material,
   The second diaphragm portion is integrally formed as a part of the emitter,
   The emitter according to claim 5.
10. A tube having a discharge port for discharging irrigation liquid;
    The emitter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is joined to a position corresponding to the discharge port of the inner wall surface of the tube.
    Tube for drip irrigation.

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