WO2016078399A1 - New type of cytidine derivative dimer and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a new type of cytidine derivative dimer, having the general formula (I), and an application thereof. By means of the optimized molecular design of a cytidine compound, the cytidine derivative dimer of the present invention has a significant inhibitory effect on human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor cells, while at the same time having a strong growth inhibitory effect on a transplanted human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor borne by nude mice; the new type of cytidine derivative dimer compound of the present invention has very high antitumor activity, while the toxicity of the compound is low.

Description

Novel cytidine derivative dimer and its application Technical field

The present invention relates to an antitumor compound, and in particular to a novel cytidine derivative dimer and use thereof.

Background technique

Malignant tumors are one of the common diseases that threaten human health, and tumor mortality ranks first among various diseases. At present, the anti-tumor drugs used in clinical practice are a prominent problem that plagues tumor chemotherapy. Improving the therapeutic effect of tumors while reducing the toxicity of drugs is an important research topic in the current treatment of oncology drugs.

The existing cytidine compounds are mainly used for the treatment of hematological tumors, and also have cytidine compounds for solid tumors, but have problems of high toxicity, narrow application range, and poor effect. In addition, the existing cytidine compounds are susceptible to drug resistance, treatment failure, and tumor recurrence.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a novel cytidine derivative dimer with high efficiency, high activity and low toxic and side effects and application thereof.

A technical solution for achieving the object of the present invention is a novel cytidine derivative dimer having the following general formula (I):

Wherein, R1 is a C ₁ to C ₁₀ alkyl group is, C ₁ to C ₁₀ alkyl substituted _{a, - (CH 2) n-} Ph, or substituted _{- (CH 2) n-Ph} ; said - (CH ₂ n-Ph, wherein n = 0, 1, 2, 3 to 10, Ph is a benzene ring; the substituted alkyl group has independently one or two or three halogens, cyano groups, and nitrates on the carbon chain Substituted with a base, an amino group, a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group; the substituent -(CH ₂ )n-Ph, wherein n = 0, 1, 2, 3 to 10, independently on the carbon chain or on the benzene ring by one or two Or three halogen, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy or carboxy groups. Preferred is a C ₁ to C ₁₀ alkyl group or -(CH ₂ ) n-Ph, n = 0, 1, 2, 3 to 10; further preferably a C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl group or -(CH ₂ )n -Ph, n = 0, 1, 2, 3; still more preferably n-butyl or benzyl.

R2 is C ₁ to C ₁₀ alkyl group is, C ₁ to C ₁₀ alkyl substituted _{a, - (CH 2) n-} Ph, or substituted _{- (CH 2) n-Ph} ; said - (CH ₂₎ n -Ph, wherein n = 0, 1, 2, 3 to 10; said substituted alkyl group having independently one or two or three halogen, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy or carboxy groups on the carbon chain Substituted; substituted -(CH ₂ )n-Ph, wherein n=0, 1, 2, 3-10, independently on the carbon chain or on the phenyl ring by one or two or three halogens, cyano Substituted by nitro, amino, hydroxy or carboxy. Preferred is a C ₁ to C ₁₀ alkyl group or -(CH ₂ ) n-Ph, n = 0, 1, 2, 3 to 10; further preferably a C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl group or -(CH ₂ )n -Ph, n = 0, 1, 2, 3; still more preferably n-butyl or benzyl.

As a still further preferred, R1 is the same as R2.

R3 is H, alkoxycarbonyl, substituted alkoxycarbonyl, and the substituent of the substituted alkoxycarbonyl group is halogen, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy or carboxy; preferably H or alkoxycarbonyl; further preferably H Or n-butoxycarbonyl.

R4 is H, an alkoxycarbonyl group or a substituted alkoxycarbonyl group, and the substituent of the substituted alkoxycarbonyl group is a halogen, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group; preferably an H or an alkoxycarbonyl group; further preferably H or n-butoxycarbonyl.

As a still further preferred, both R3 and R4 are H.

R5 is -(CH ₂ )n-, wherein n = 1 to 15, or -(CH ₂ )n- having a substituent on the carbon chain, the substituent being a phenyl group, a substituted phenyl group, a halogen, a cyanogen a group, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, or -(CH ₂ )nX ₁ -X ₂ -; -(CH ₂ )nX ₁ -X ₂ - wherein n = 0, 1, 2 or 3 X ₁ is O, S, X ₂ is -(CH ₂ ) n -Ph, wherein n = 0, 1, 2 or 3, or X ₂ is pyrimidinyl, pyranyl, imidazolyl, pyrazinyl or pyridine Preferred; -(CH ₂ )n-, n=1 to 15 or -(CH ₂ )nX ₁ -X ₂ -, n=0, ₁ , 2 or 3, X ₁ is O, S, X ₂ is Ph; further preferably -(CH ₂ )n-, n=1 to 5 or -(CH ₂ )-O-Ph-; still more preferably -(CH ₂ ) ₂ - or -(CH ₂ ) ₃ -.

The use of the above novel cytidine derivative dimer or a salt thereof for the preparation of a medicament for inhibiting tumors.

The tumor is a hematological tumor or a malignant solid tumor.

A pharmaceutical composition comprising as an active ingredient a cytidine derivative dimer of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients.

The dosage form of the composition is an injection or an oral dosage form, wherein the oral dosage form includes a tablet, a powder, a granule, a capsule, a pellet preparation, a solution, a suspension, an emulsion, a syrup or an expector; the injection includes A solution injection, a suspension injection, an emulsion injection, or a sterile powder for injection.

A method for preparing a novel cytidine derivative dimer as described above, comprising the steps of:

1 preparing a compound of the formula (II),

2 to prepare a compound of the formula (III),

3 The compound of the formula (II) is mixed with sodium carbonate and added to the system of 1,4-dioxane and water, and then added (Boc) ₂ O, TLC detection, after the reaction is finished, the extract is washed, dried and then reduced. Concentration to dryness; adding the obtained compound to chloroform, adding pyridine and dianhydride R ₅ (CO) ₂ O, reacting overnight, concentrating to obtain a viscous oil, and performing column chromatography to obtain a compound of the formula (IV);

4 The obtained compound of the formula (IV) is mixed with the compound of the formula (III) and DCC, added to dichloromethane, added with DMAP, detected by TLC, and after the reaction is finished, washed and dried, concentrated to dryness, and then added with TFA and DCM. The mixture was stirred at room temperature, cooled in an ice-bath, and then filtered and evaporated.

The invention also relates to the treatment of cancer, in particular to the treatment of a subject having a tumor, including a mammal, especially a human, by administering to the subject a novel therapeutic compound at a therapeutically effective dose over a period of time ( I), producing an anti-tumor effect.

According to the broadest definition, cancer is generally referred to as a neoplasm, an abnormal tissue. The growth rate is different from normal tissue and continues to grow excessively in the same manner after the induction of stimulation is stopped. In addition, this abnormal organization has no purpose, absorbs the nutrition of the host, and is almost autonomous. Cancer can also refer to neoplasms. Further discussion of neoplasm can be found in Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, Book Sixth, Chapter 8, by RSCotran, V.Kumar, and T.Collins. RS Cotran (published by WBSaunders Company). The information in Chapter 8 of this book is hereby incorporated by reference. An example of a type of cancer treatable by administering a compound of the invention, such as a malignant tumor or neoplasm.

The novel compounds of the present invention are effective in the treatment of neoplasms, including leukemias and solid tumors. Solid tumors include colon, colon, rectum, ovary, breast, prostate, lung, kidney, and melanoma tumors. The dosage range of the drug depends on the route of administration and the age, weight and condition of the patient. The compound can be administered by parenteral route, including intramuscular injection, intravenous injection or intravenous bolus injection.

A patient or subject referred to herein is a vertebrate having cancer or other disease. Preferably, the subject is a warm-blooded animal, particularly a mammal, including humans and non-human mammals. Examples of non-human mammals include, but are not limited to, farm animals such as cows, sheep, pigs, goats, horses, and llamas, and pets such as dogs and cats. More preferably, the subject is a human. The present invention produces an anti-tumor effect by administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of the compound over a period of time.

For mammals, including humans, an effective amount can be determined based on the body surface area. E.J. Freireich et al., Cancer Chemother. Rep., 50(4): 219 (1966), describes the relationship of dose size to animals and humans of different sizes or species (on a body surface area of mg/m2). The body surface area can be roughly determined according to the height and weight of the individual (for example, see Scientific Tables, Geigy harmaceuticals, Ardsley, N. Y. pp. 537-538 (1970)). A suitable dosage range may be from 1 to 1000 mg of the compound of the invention on average body surface area per square meter. That is, the dose is 50-500 mg/m2.

The invention has positive effects: (1) The novel cytidine derivative dimer prepared by molecular optimization design of the cytidine compound has obvious inhibitory effect on human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor cells, and at the same time The tumor-bearing nude mouse human colon cancer HCT-116 xenograft has a strong growth inhibitory effect; the novel cytidine derivative dimer compound of the present invention has a very high antitumor activity, and the toxicity of the compound is low.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a synthetic route diagram of the cytidine derivative dimer of Example 1, in which TBSCl is tert-butyldimethylchlorosilane, pyr is pyridine, DCM is dichloromethane, rt is room temperature, butyl carbonochloridate is chlorine. Butyl formate, HF.Et ₃ N is triethylamine trihydrofluoride, overnight is overnight, DCC is N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, and DMAP is 4-dimethylaminopyridine;

Figure 2 is a synthetic route diagram of the cytidine derivative dimer of Example 2, wherein HMDS is hexamethyldisilazane, reflux is reflux, chloridate is chloride, TEA is triethylamine, (Boc) ₂ O is di-tert-butyl dicarbonate, dioxane is 1,4-dioxane, succinic anhydride is succinic anhydride, pyr is pyridine, DCC is N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, DMAP is 4- Dimethylaminopyridine, TFA is trifluoroacetic acid, DCM is dichloromethane;

Figure 3 is a synthetic route diagram of the cytidine derivative dimer of Example 3, wherein HMDS is hexamethyldisilazane, reflux is reflux, chloridate is chloride, TEA is triethylamine, (Boc) ₂ O is di-tert-butyl dicarbonate, dioxane is 1,4-dioxane, Glutaric anhydride is glutaric anhydride, pyr is pyridine, DCC is N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, DMAP is 4- Dimethylaminopyridine, TFA is trifluoroacetic acid, DCM is dichloromethane;

4 is a synthetic route diagram of the cytidine derivative dimer of Example 4, wherein DCC is N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, DMAP is 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and TFA is trifluoroacetic acid. , DCM is dichloromethane;

Figure 5 is a bar graph showing the inhibition rate of colony formation of human colon cancer cell line HCT-116 cells by using four compounds of application example 1 at a concentration of 50 nM, 150 nM and 450 nM;

Fig. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the inhibition rate of the four compounds of Application Example 1 on human colon cancer cell line HCT-116 cells and the concentration of the compound.

detailed description

The structural formula of the cytidine derivative dimer of the present invention is as shown in formula (I):

Wherein R1 is a C ₁ to C ₁₀ alkyl group, C ₁ to C ₁₀ substituted _{alkyl, - (CH 2) n-} Ph, n = 0,1,2,3 ~ 10 or a substituted - (CH ₂₎ n -Ph, n = 0, 1, 2, 3 to 10, Ph is benzene; the carbon chain of the substituted alkyl group is independently substituted by one or two or three halogen, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy or carboxy groups Substituting -(CH ₂ )n-Ph on the carbon chain or on the phenyl ring is independently substituted by one or two or three halogens, cyano groups, nitro groups, amino groups, hydroxyl groups or carboxyl groups.

R2 is C ₁ to C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₁ to C ₁₀ substituted alkyl, -(CH ₂ )n-Ph, n=0, 1, 2, 3-10 or substituted-(CH ₂ ) n- Ph, n = 0, 1, 2, 3 to 10, Ph is benzene; the carbon chain of the substituted alkyl group is independently substituted by one or two or three halogens, cyano groups, nitro groups, amino groups, hydroxyl groups or carboxyl groups; Substituting -(CH ₂ )n-Ph on the carbon chain or on the phenyl ring is independently substituted by one or two or three halogens, cyano groups, nitro groups, amino groups, hydroxyl groups or carboxyl groups.

R3 is H, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a substituted alkoxycarbonyl group, and the substituent of the substituted alkoxycarbonyl group is a halogen, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group.

R4 is H, an alkoxycarbonyl group or a substituted alkoxycarbonyl group, and the substituent of the substituted alkoxycarbonyl group is a halogen, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group.

R5 is -(CH ₂ )n-, n = 1 to 15. Or -(CH ₂ )n- having a substituent on the carbon chain, the substituent being a halogen, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group. Or -(CH ₂ )nX ₁ -X ₂ -, n=0, 1, 2 or 3; X ₁ is O, S; X ₂ is -(CH ₂ )n–Ph, n=0, 1, 2 Or 3 or X ₂ is pyrimidinyl, pyranyl or pyridyl.

For the cytidine derivative dimer of the present invention, the following compounds are given in Table 1, but the cytidine derivative dimer of the present invention is not limited to these compounds.

Table 1

The compound in the above table was prepared, and the solid reagent used in the synthesis was directly used without further treatment, and the liquid reagent was used after being re-distilled and dried.

(Example 1)

The cytidine derivative dimer of this example is 1.5-bis-[4-N-n-butoxycarbonyl-3'-O-n-butoxycarbonyl-2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro Cytidine] glutarate (code D1, number 101 in Table 1), the structural formula is as follows:

The synthetic route of D1 is shown in Figure 1. The specific preparation process is as follows:

2'-Deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine hydrochloride (3g, 10mmol), imidazole (0.875g, 12.8mmol) was added to 10mL of anhydrous pyridine, cooled in ice bath, at 0 °C Add tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (3.3 g, 21 mmol, tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride, hereinafter referred to as TBSCl), stir for 0.5 h, warm to room temperature, continue the reaction for 12 h, treat with methanol (8.0 mL), stir After 60 min, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give Compound 2. The reaction system was further added with 50 mL of dichloromethane (DCM) and 10 ml of pyridine, and butyl chloroformate (5.46 g, 40 mmol) was added under ice-cooling and nitrogen-protected conditions, and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 12 h, and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate. The ester was washed with cold saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (30 mL×2) and brine (30 mL). Intermediate 3 (3.6 g, 62% yield in two steps) was obtained.

Add compound 3 (3.6 g, 6.23 mmol) to 40 mL of tetrahydrofuran (THF), cool to 0 ° C in an ice bath, slowly add 4 mL of triethylamine trihydrofluoride (HF.Et ₃ N), react for 24 h, solvent It was triturated in vacuo to give an orange solid, which was taken directly from the column (dichloromethane/methanol, 20:1) to afford compound 4 (1.68 g, yield 58%).

The obtained intermediate 4 (1.68 g, 3.62 mmol) was added to 30 mL of chloroform, 30 mL of pyridine was added, then glutaric anhydride (620 mg, 5.44 mmol) was added, and the reaction was stirred overnight, then 4-dimethylamino was added. After pyridine (DMAP, 7 mg, 0.057 mmol), EtOAc (EtOAc)

Compound 5 (58 mg, 0.1 mmol) was mixed with compound 4 (92 mg, 0.2 mmol), N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC, 42 mg, 0.2 mmol), and then added to 15 mL of dichloromethane. DMAP (6 mg, 0.049 mmol) was stirred at 24 ° C for 24 h. After TLC, after the reaction was completed, 50 mL of dichloromethane was added, washed with 10 mL of water and 20 mL of brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and evaporated to dry. Column chromatography (dichloromethane / methanol, 20:1) gave compound 6 (49 mg, yield 48%).

¹ H-NMR (MeOD-d ₄ , 400MHz) δ: 7.97 (d, 2H, J = 7.68 Hz, H6-1, H6-2), 7.40 (d, 2H, J = 7.68 Hz, H5-1, H5) -2), 6.35 (t, 2H, J = 7.24 Hz, H1'-1, H1'-2), 4.47 (m, 6H, H5a'-1, H5a'-2, H5b'-1, H5b'- 2, H4'-1, H4'-2), 4.21 (m, 8H, O-CH2 x 4), 2.53 (t, 4H, J = 7.16 Hz, CH2-CH2-CH2), 1.97 (m, 2H, CH2-CH2-CH2), 1.64 (m, 8H, O-CH2-CH2×4), 1.42 (m, 8H, O-CH2-CH2-CH2×4), 0.98 (m, 12H, CH2-CH3×4) ).

¹³ C NMR (MeOD-d ₄ , 100 MHz) δ: 172.83, 164.51, 153.87, 144.53, 96.26, 77.52, 69.13, 65.89, 61.94, 32.42, 30.66, 30.47, 18.83, 18.67, 12.79, 12.74, 8.48.

ESIMS: calcd for C ₄₃ H ₅₈ F ₄ N ₆ O ₁₈ m/z 1023.37 (M+H) ⁺ , found 1023.66.

According to the above synthetic route, the compounds 102 to 105 in Table 1 were obtained by changing glutaric anhydride to other corresponding dianhydrides. Compound 106 in Table 1 was prepared by substituting tert-butyl chloroformate for butyl chloroformate.

(Example 2)

The cytidine derivative dimer of the present example is 1.5-bis-[4-N-n-butoxycarbonyl-2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine]glutarate (code D2) , number 107 in Table 1, the structural formula is as follows:

First, intermediate 8 was prepared. The reaction process is shown in Figure 2. The preparation process is as follows:

300 mg (1 mmol) of 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine hydrochloride (Structure 1), 5 mL (0.023 mmol) of hexamethyldisilazane HMDS, catalytic amount of ammonium sulfate 5 mg dissolved In 5 mL of 1,4-dioxane, the reaction was heated under reflux for 2 h, and the chemical structure of the reaction product was 19. After completion of the refluxing reaction, the reaction mixture was concentrated, toluene was added thereto, and the mixture was concentrated to dryness twice.

0.24 mL (3 mmol) of N-methylimidazole and 0.32 mL (3 mmol) of butyl chloroformate were added to the above dichloromethane solution, and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, and the reaction liquid was concentrated to give a viscous oil.

The above viscous oil was dissolved in a mixed solution of 3 mL of triethylamine and 20 mL of methanol, and stirred at room temperature for 4 h. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure.yield eluted eluted eluted eluted eluted eluted eluted eluted eluted elution

Characterization of compound 7 nuclear magnetic resonance:

¹ H-NMR (MeOD-d ₄ , 400 MHz) δ: 8.30 (d, 1H, J = 7.68 Hz, H6), 7.34 (d, 1H, J = 7.68 Hz, H5), 6.28 (t, 1H, J = 7.08 Hz, H1'), 4.33 (m, 1H, H5a'), 4.0 (m, 2H, O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -), 3.81 (m, 1H, H5b'), 3.79 (m, 1H, H4) '), 1.68 (m, 2H, O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -), 1.45 (m, 2H, O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CH ₂ ), 0.98 (t, 3H, J = 7.4 Hz, -CH ₂ -CH ₃ ).

¹³ C-NMR (MeOD-d ₄ , 100 MHz) δ: 164.28, 156.27, 153.50, 144.39, 128.33, 122.72, 95.81, 84.90, 81.71, 74.87, 68.88, 63.69, 59.15, 30.66, 32.40, 18.81, 11.23, 8.06.

60 mg (0.16 mmol) of compound 7 and 106 mg (1 mmol) of sodium carbonate were added, and after mixing, it was added to a mixed solution of 5 mL of 1,4-dioxane and water (4:1 by volume). 44 mg (0.2 mmol) of di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (Boc) ₂ O was added to the solution, and the reaction was stirred at 24 ° C, and TLC was used to detect whether or not the compound 7 was completely reacted during the reaction. After the reaction was completed, 2 mL of water was added to the system after the reaction, and then extracted twice with ethyl acetate for 30 mL each time. The extracted organic phase was washed successively with 5 mL of water and 5 mL of brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure, concentrated, and purified by silica gel chromatography using dichloromethane/acetone/methanol (1) : 1:0.02) elution gave 51 mg of Compound 8, the above reaction yield 76%.

The synthetic route of D2 is shown in Figure 2. The preparation process is as follows:

The obtained compound 8 (223 mg, 0.25 mmol) was dissolved in 6 mL of chloroform, and 5 mL of pyridine was added thereto, and then succinic anhydride (100 mg, 1 mmol) was added thereto, and the reaction was carried out at 45 ° C overnight to obtain a viscous oil. (DCM-MeOH 20:1 to 10:1) gave Compound 9 (211 mg, yield 75%).

Compound 9 (56 mg, 0.1 mmol) was combined with compound 8 (92 mg, 0.2 mmol), DCC (42 mg, 0.2 mmol), then added to 15 mL of dichloromethane, and DMAP (6 mg, 0.049 mmol) Stir at 24 ° C for 24 h. After TLC, after the reaction was completed, 50 mL of dichloromethane was added, washed with 10 mL of water and 20 mL of brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and evaporated to dry. Further, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA, 5 mL) and dichloromethane (Dm. Concentrated to a viscous oil, column chromatography (DCM-MeOH 20:1 to 10:1) gave product D2 (30mg, yield: 35%).

¹ H-NMR (MeOD-d ₄ , 400MHz) δ 7.85 (d, 2H, J = 7.68 Hz, H6-1, H6-2), 7.37 (d, 2H, J = 7.68 Hz, H5-1, H5 -2), 6.26 (t, 2H, J = 7.24 Hz, H1'-1, H1'-2), 4.53 (m, 2H, H5a'-1, H5a'-2), 4.40 (m, 4H, H5b '-1, H5b'-2, H4'-1, H4'-2), 4.20 (m, 2H, H3-1, H3-2), 2.73 (m, 4H, -CH2-CH2-), 1.64 ( m, 4H, O-CH2-CH2), 1.37 (m, 4H, O-CH2-CH2-CH ₂ ), 0.93 (m, 6H, CH2-CH3).

¹³ C-NMR (MeOD-d ₄ , 100 MHz) δ 172.41, 164.01, 155.95, 153.52, 144.36, 96.56, 70.53, 66.29, 62.49, 30.74, 28.76, 19.01, 13.49.

ESIMS: calcd for C ₃₂ H ₄₀ F ₄ N ₆ O ₁₄ m/z 809.25 (M+H) ⁺ , found 809.34.

According to the above preparation method, the compound 108 is reacted with another dianhydride such as glutaric anhydride to obtain the compounds 108 to 110 in Table 1. Compound 111 in Table 1 can be obtained by substituting tert-butyl chloroformate for butyl chloroformate.

(Example 3)

The cytidine derivative dimer of the present example is 1.5-bis-[4-N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine]glutarate (code number) D3),

The synthetic route of D3 is shown in Figure 3. The preparation process is as follows:

First, compound 13 was prepared: 300 mg (1 mmol) of 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine hydrochloride, 5 mL (0.023 mmol) of hexamethyldisilazane, and a catalytic amount of ammonium sulfate 5 mg was dissolved. 5 mL of 1,4-dioxane was heated and refluxed for 2 hours; after the refluxing reaction was completed, the reaction liquid was concentrated, toluene was added thereto, and the mixture was concentrated to dryness twice.

0.24 mL (3 mmol) of N-methylimidazole and 340 mg (3 mmol) of benzyl chloroformate were added to the above dichloromethane solution, and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, and the reaction product was chemically structured to give a viscous oil.

The above viscous oil was dissolved in a mixed solution of 3 mL of triethylamine and 20 mL of methanol, and stirred at room temperature. Stay overnight. The solvent was then evaporated under reduced pressure.yield eluted eluted eluted elut elut elut elut elut elut elut elut elut elut elut elut elut

Characterization of compound 12 NMR:

¹ H-NMR (MeOD-d ₄ , 400 MHz) δ: 8.31 (d, 1H, J = 7.64 Hz, H6), 7.39 (m, 5H, J = 7.68 Hz, Ph), 6.25 (t, 1H, J = 7.12 Hz, H1'), 5.21 (s, 2H.CH ₂ -Ph), 4.31 (m, 1H, H5a'), 3.82 (m, 2H, H5b, H4'), 3.79 (m, 1H, H3') .

¹³ C-NMR (MeOD-d ₄ , 100 MHz) δ: 164.22, 156.22, 153.27, 144.48, 135.87, 128.42, 128.10, 125.31, 122.74, 120.16, 95.89, 85.35, 84.91, 81.7, 81.66, 68.87, 67.54, 58.31.

Compound 12 (80 mg, 0.2 mmol) was mixed with sodium carbonate (106 mg, 1 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane and water (volume ratio 4:1, 5mL). After the addition of (Boc) ₂ O (44 mg, 0.2 mmol), the reaction was stirred at 24 ° C for 48 h, TLC detection, after the reaction was completed, diluted with 2 mL of water, extracted with 2*30 mL of ethyl acetate, and the organic phase was saturated with 5 mL of water and 5 mL The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.

The obtained compound 13 (248 mg, 0.5 mmol) was added to 15 mL of chloroform, and 5 mL of pyridine was added thereto, and then glutaric anhydride (100 mg, 1 mmol) was added thereto, and the reaction was carried out at 45 ° C overnight to obtain a viscous oil. Methylene chloride/methanol, 20:1 to 10:1) gave compound 14 (223 mg, yield 73%).

The obtained compound 14 (61 mg, 0.1 mmol) was mixed with the compound 13 (99 mg, 0.2 mmol), DCC (42 mg, 0.2 mmol), and then added to 15 mL of dichloromethane, and DMAP (6 mg, 0.049 mmol) was added, and the reaction was carried out at 24 Stir at °C for 24 h. After TLC, after the reaction was completed, 50 mL of dichloromethane was added, washed with 10 mL of water and 20 mL of brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and evaporated to dry. Additional TFA (5 mL) and DCM (10 mL) After cooling in an ice bath, a white solid was filtered. Concentrated to a viscous oil, column chromatography (DCM-MeOH 20:1 to 10:1) gave product D3 (30mg, yield 35%).

¹ H-NMR (MeOD-d ₄ , 400 MHz) δ: 8.31 (d, 1H, J = 7.64 Hz, H6), 7.39 (m, 5H, J = 7.68 Hz, Ph), 6.27 (t, 2H, J = 7.8 Hz, H1'-1, H1'-2), 5.17 (s, 4H, CH ₂ -Ph × 2), 4.46 (m, 4H, H5a'-1, H5a'-2, H5b'-1, H5b '-2), 4.21 (m, 2H, H4'-1, H4'-2), 4.10 (m, 2H, H3'-1, H3'-2),, 2.53 (t, 4H, J = 7.16Hz , -CH2-CH2-CH2-), 1.99 (q, 2H, J = 7.2 Hz, -CH2-CH2-CH2-).

¹³ C NMR (MeOD-d ₄ , 100 MHz) δ 172.90, 164.21, 155.90, 153.31, 144.25, 141.03, 135.86, 128.41, 128.28, 128.10, 124.85, 123.25, 122.26, 96.14, 79.17, 74.97, 67.59, 62.06, 33.19, 32.51 , 19.96.

ESIMS: calcd for C ₃₉ H ₃₈ F ₄ N ₆ O ₁₄ m/z 891.24 (M+H) ⁺ , found 891.31.

According to the above preparation method, compound 14 can be reacted with other dianhydrides, such as COOHCHBr(CH ₂ ) ₂ COOH, COOH CHPh(CH ₂ ) ₂ COOH, COOH CHCNCH ₂ COOH, etc. to obtain compounds 113 to 116 in Table 1. .

(Example 4)

The cytidine derivative dimer of this example is 1-O-(4-N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine)-5-O-( 4-N-n-butoxycarbonyl-2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine-succinate (1-O-(4-N-(Benzyloxycarbonyl)-gemcitabine)-4-O -(4-N-(n-Butoxycarbonyl)-gemcitabine)-succinate, code D4), the structural formula is as follows:

The synthetic route of D4 is shown in Figure 4. The specific preparation process is as follows:

Compound 9 (56 mg, 0.1 mmol) was mixed with compound 13 (99 mg, 0.2 mmol), N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC, 42 mg, 0.2 mmol), and then added to 15 mL of dichloromethane. DMAP (6 mg, 0.049 mmol) was stirred at 24 ° C for 24 h. After TLC, after the reaction was completed, 50 mL of dichloromethane was added, washed with 10 mL of water and 20 mL of brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and evaporated to dry. TFA (5 ml) and DCM (10 ml) were added and stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h. After cooling in an ice bath, a white solid was filtered. Concentrated to a viscous oil, column chromatography (DCM-MeOH 20:1 to 10:1) gave product D4 (30mg, yield 36%).

¹ H-NMR (MeOD-d ₄ , 400 MHz) δ 7.98 (m, 2H, H6-1, H6-2), 7.40 (d, 2H, J = 7.68 Hz, H5-1, H5-2), 7.38 (m, 6H, Ph), 6.26 (t, 2H, J = 8 Hz, H1 '-1, H1 '-2), 5.21 (s, 2H, CH ₂ -Ph), 4.43 (m, 2H, H5a'- 1, H5a'-2), 4.29 (m, 2H, H5b'-1, H5b'-2), 4.21 (m, 6H, H4'-1, H4'-2H3'-1, H3'-2), 2.74(m,4H,-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -), 1.43 (m, 2H, O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -), 1.28 (m, 2H, O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -), 0.97 (t, 3H, J = 7.4 Hz, -CH ₂ -CH ₃ ).

¹³ C NMR (MeOD-d ₄ , 100 MHz) δ 172.56, 164.19, 155.89, 153.52, 144.61, 135.86, 128.09, 122.22, 96.21,79.38,78.91,70.83,67.60,65.92,62.11,56.72,30.64,28.66,28.51,25.93 , 18.82, 14.26, 12.77.

ESIMS: calcd for C ₃₅ H ₃₈ F ₄ N ₆ O ₁₄ m/z 843.24 (M+H) ⁺ , found 843.33.

According to the above preparation method, other dianhydrides are used instead of succinic anhydride to react with compound 8, and the obtained intermediate is reacted with compound 13 to obtain compounds 118 to 120 in Table 1.

(Example 5, hydrochloride of cytidine derivative dimer)

This example prepares the hydrochloride salt of the cytidine derivative dimer of Example 1.

Take 1.5–2–[4–N–n-butoxycarbonyl–3′–O-n-butoxycarbonyl-2′-deoxy-2′,2′-difluorocytidine]glutarate 0.50 g dissolved in In 60 mL of ethyl acetate, dry hydrochloric acid was passed under ice-cooling, and stirred for 15 min.

The hydrochloride of other cytidine derivative dimers is prepared as above.

In addition to the above hydrochloride, it is also possible to prepare phosphate, sulfate, carbonate, nitrate, citrate, tartrate, maleate, succinate, sulfonate of the cytidine derivative dimer. , p-toluenesulfonate, methanesulfonate, benzoate or fumarate.

(Example 6, lyophilized powder injection for injection of cytidine derivative dimer)

This example prepared a lyophilized powder injection of the compound D3 of Example 3.

The lyophilized powder injection of D3 comprises 30 g of compound D3, mannitol (20% w/v) 300 g, buffer buffer 7 g of sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, and surfactant poloxamer 188 (F68) 4.0 g.

Sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, poloxamer 188 (F68) (CAS number: 9003-11-6), mannitol (20% w/v) accurately weighed according to the above prescribed amount, 300 g pre-cooled to 10 After dissolving in water for injection below °C, adjust the pH of the solution to 7.3-7.5 with 0.1 mol/L NaOH. Add the prescribed amount of D3 to the above solution and mix well with 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution or 0.1 mol/ The pH of L was adjusted to 7.3±0.2 (7.5 in this example); water was added to 2000g, and the solution was filtered and sterilized by 0.22μm microporous membrane; the filtrate was dispensed into the control bottle by 2.0g per bottle, half-plugged After being placed in a freeze dryer, it is lyophilized. After drying, it is vacuum-plugged, rolled, and labeled. 1000 lyophilized powder injections are obtained and stored at a temperature of 2-8 °C.

In addition to the above-mentioned lyophilized powder injection, that is, a sterile powder for injection, the cytidine derivative dimer of the present invention can be prepared into other forms of injections such as a solution injection, a suspension injection, and an emulsion injection.

(Example 7, pharmaceutical composition of cytidine derivative dimer)

The pharmaceutical composition of the cytidine derivative dimer of the present embodiment is composed of an active ingredient and an adjuvant, wherein the pharmaceutically active component is the cytidine derivative dimer prepared in the above examples or a corresponding salt thereof. The proportion of the pharmaceutically active component in the composition is from 1% to 95% (30% in this embodiment). The excipient consists of water, lactose, corn starch, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and magnesium stearate. The pharmaceutical composition of the present embodiment is in the form of a tablet.

Appropriate Formulations of Pharmaceutical Compositions In addition to the tablet forms referred to above, the pharmaceutically active component can be formulated into oral powders, granules, capsules, pellets, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, syrups or An expectorant, or a sustained release and controlled release preparation in oral form, or a pharmaceutical composition in other oral form, which contains common corresponding excipients (additives, addenda, etc. depending on the effect), such as additives Have drugs, etc. Grades of mannitol, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, saccharin salts, cellulose or magnesium sulfate.

In achieving the above oral dosage form, a pharmaceutically acceptable addenda may be selected as a carrier for the pharmaceutically active ingredient, including materials mature in the prior art, such as inert solid diluents, aqueous solvents, liposomes, microspheres or/and none. Toxic organic solvents, etc.; preferred additions are: moisturizer, emulsifier, pH buffer, human serum albumin, antioxidants, preservatives, bacteriostatic agents, glucose, sucrose, trehalose, maltose, lecithin, glycine, Sorbic acid, propylene alcohol, polyethylene, protamine, boric acid, sodium chloride, or potassium chloride, mineral oil, vegetable oil, etc.; one or several combinations may be selected as a pharmaceutical carrier.

The target tumor of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention includes a hematological tumor or a malignant solid tumor; specifically, the target tumor includes lung cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, brain tumor, ovarian cancer , uterine cancer, kidney cancer, head and neck cancer, skin cancer, bladder cancer, vulvar cancer, testicular tumor, rectal cancer, villus cancer, germ cell tumor, malignant lymphoma, leukemia and multiple myeloma, and even more preferred target tumor Pancreatic cancer (first- and second-line treatment), non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, colon cancer may be included, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

(Application Example 1, series of compounds inhibited the formation of colonies of HCT-116 cells)

1. The proliferation inhibition effect of four candidate compounds (D1, D2, D3, D4) on human colon cancer cell line HCT-116 cells at 50 min, 150 nM and 450 nM was evaluated by cell colony formation inhibition assay.

2. Test materials: Cell line: HCT-116 human colon cancer cell line was ordered from Shanghai Cell Resource Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cat#TCHu 99.

3, reagent preparation

HCT-116 human colon cancer cell culture medium: DMEM + 10% FBS.

Preparation of the compound: The compound was diluted with DMSO to give a final concentration of 100 μM.

Preparation of cell staining solution: 0.5% crystal violet solution was prepared with absolute ethanol in the dark; the cell staining solution was prepared before the dyeing with PBS at a ratio of 1:4 by volume.

4. Cell culture: collect the cells in logarithmic growth phase, count, resuspend the cells with complete medium; adjust the cell concentration to the appropriate concentration, inoculate a 6-well plate culture dish, inoculate about 300 cells per well, 1.8 ml medium; Incubate for 5 hours at 37 ° C in a 100% relative humidity, 5% CO ₂ incubator.

5. Cell clone formation inhibition experiment and data processing

1 Collect logarithmic growth phase cells, count, resuspend the cells with medium containing 5% FBS, count, inoculate 6-well plate culture dishes at 300 cells/well; cells at 37 ° C, 100% relative humidity, 5% CO ₂ Incubate for 5 hours in the incubator.

2 The compounds were diluted to 0.5 μM, 1.5 μM and 4.5 μM with medium (5% FBS). By 200 μL/well was added to the cells to give final concentrations of 50 nM, 150 nM and 450 nM, and 3 replicates at each concentration point.

3 cells were incubated for 72 hours at 37 ° C, 100% relative humidity, 5% CO ₂ incubator.

4 Aspirate the medium (compound containing the compound), rinse twice with Hank's Balance Salt Solution (HBSS) solution, and replace with fresh medium (15% FBS in DMEM medium).

5 cells were incubated for 7 to 10 days at 37 ° C, 100% relative humidity, 5% CO ₂ incubator until macroscopic colony spots were formed.

6 Aspirate the medium in the dish and rinse twice with PBS solution.

7 Absorb the residual PBS, add 1 ml / dish of absolute ethanol, and fix for 30 minutes.

8 Absorb ethanol, add cell staining solution, and stain for 3 minutes.

9 Aspirate the staining solution, rinse it with PBS three times and count.

data processing:

Clonal formation rate = [As / Ac] × 100%; clone formation inhibition rate = 1 - clone formation rate.

A _s : number of cell clones sampled (cell + test compound).

A _c : number of cell clones (cell + 1% DMSO) of the negative control (no sample treatment).

6, results and discussion

The number of clones of the four compounds against human colon cancer cell line HCT-116 cells is shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2

%inhibition: The inhibition rate.

The inhibition rate of colonization of human colon cancer cell line HCT-116 cells by the four compounds at 50 nM, 150 nM and 450 nM is shown in Fig. 5.

It can be seen from Table 2 and Figure 5 that the compound of the present invention has a significant inhibitory effect on tumor cells.

The relationship between the inhibition rate of four compounds on human colon cancer cell line HCT-116 cells and inhibitor concentration is shown in Fig. 6. As can be seen from Fig. 6, the IC50 value of D1 is 245.3 nM, and the IC50 value of D2 is 226.6 nM. D3 has an IC50 value of 99.80 nM and D4 has an IC50 value of 111.7 nM.

(Application Example 2, series of compounds inhibit tumor growth)

In this application example, the growth inhibition effect and toxicity of single intraperitoneal injection of compounds D1 to D4 on colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing nude mice were evaluated by observing the formation of tumor at the inoculation site and the body weight of the test animals.

1. Purpose of the test

The growth inhibitory effect and toxicity of the cytidine derivative dimer sample of the present invention on the transplanted tumor of colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing nude mice were determined.

2. Preparation of test materials

The solvent used to dissolve the test substance is as follows:

Weigh the corresponding test substance in a 5mL glass test tube, dissolve it in ethanol under the stirring of 5mm magnetic stirrer, add all the solution, add Cremophor EL, keep stirring, add the labeled amount of physiological saline before use, stir evenly, configure The volume ratio of ethanol, Cremophor EL, and physiological saline was 5:5:90.

3. Experimental animals

Variety and strain: Balb/c Nude mice; Level: SPF; Gender: Female.

Source: Shanghai Xipuer-Bikai Experimental Animal Co., Ltd.

Number of animals: Order 40, choose the ones that are in good health for the experiment.

Animal certificate number: 0123627.

Animal age at the start of the experiment: 7-9 weeks old.

Animal weight at the start of the experiment: 18-22 grams.

Adapt to the environment time: 5-7 days.

Animal numbering method: tail number.

The animal room environment maintained a temperature of 23 ± 2 ° C, humidity of 40-70%, alternating 12 hours of light and dark.

Animal feed (SLAC-M01) was purchased from Beijing Keao Xieli Co., Ltd. Experimental animals were filtered with water Bacterial water. Animals were free to eat and drink during the experiment.

4. Experimental methods

4.1 Tumor cells: Colon cancer HCT-116 cells were purchased from the Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The cells were cultured in a carbon dioxide incubator at 37 ° C, saturated humidity, and containing a volume fraction of 5% CO ₂ and 95% air using F-12 medium (containing 10% FBS). Logarithmic growth phase cells were taken before inoculation, digested with 0.25% trypsin, washed once with PBS, resuspended in PBS, resuspended in serum-free medium, and adjusted to a cell concentration of about 3 x 10^7 cells/mL.

4.2 Animal inoculation and grouping: Each nude mouse was subcutaneously inoculated with 0.1 mL of cell suspension (3x10^6 cells/mouse) under sterile conditions. When the tumor grows to a volume of about 60-150 mm ³ , nude mice with similar tumor volume and good shape are selected (the shape is as single spherical as possible, no irregular shape or multiple tumors are gathered together), grouped, each group 6 Only, the grouping situation is as follows:

table 3

IP: intraperitoneal injection; QD × 1: injection once.

The control control group, that is, the model control group, was injected with a mixed solution of 5:5:90 ethanol, Cremophor EL, and physiological saline.

4.3 Animal administration and observation

The formation of tumors at the inoculation site of each group of nude mice was observed. The diameter of the tumor nodules (D) was measured with a round hole rule three times a week, and the volume (V) of the tumor nodules was calculated as follows: V=3/4π ( D/2) ³ .

The evaluation index of antitumor activity is the tumor growth inhibition rate TGI (%), and the relative tumor growth rate T/C (%).

The formula for calculating the tumor growth inhibition rate TGI (%) is: TGI (%) = (V _control - V _Treatment ) / V _control ) × 100%.

The relative tumor volume (RTV) is calculated as: RTV = Vt / V0. Where V0 is the tumor volume at the time of group administration, and Vt is the tumor volume at the time of measurement.

Relative tumor proliferation rate T/C (%), calculated as: T / C (%) = T _RTV / C _RTV × 100%.

T _RTV : treatment group RTV; C _RTV : negative control group RTV.

The body weight of the mice was weighed 3 times a week.

4.4 clinical symptoms

All clinical symptoms of each animal should be recorded at the beginning of the experiment and during the experiment. Observations should be made at the same time every day.

If the weight loss is >20% after administration of the test substance, the sudden death of the animal or the tumor volume exceeds 2800 mm^3, the CO _{2 is} sacrificed, the tumor is isolated and weighed, autopsy is performed, and the diseased organ is visually observed and recorded.

4.5 Data Statistics

The experimental data were expressed by Mean±SEM unless otherwise specified. The data between the two groups were analyzed by unpaired T test. P<0.05 was considered to be significant.

5 test results

(1) Effect of test compound on body weight of human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice.

The average body weight of each group of animals is shown in Table 4.

Table 4 Mouse body weight at different dates (g, Mean ± SEM)

Day: day; *p<0.05, **p<0.01 vs control group.

Table 5 weight change rate

Day: day; *p<0.05, **p<0.01vs control group

From the data in the above table, it can be seen that after intraperitoneal injection of each compound in colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing nude mice, the body weight of the D1 group 400 mg/kg decreased significantly on the fourth day after administration, and then the body weight increased steadily. The body weight was significantly increased in 14-30 days compared with the model control group. There was no significant difference in body weight between the other drug-administered groups and the model control.

(2) Effect of test compound on tumor volume of human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice

Table 6 Specific data of tumor volume of each group (mm ³ , Mean ± SEM)

*p<0.05, **p<0.01 vs volume control group.

It can be seen from the data of the tumor volumes of the above groups that the cytidine derivative of the present invention has a significant inhibitory effect on tumor growth.

(3) Growth inhibition rate (TGI%) of test compound against human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice

The growth inhibition rate (TGI) of test compounds against human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice was shown in Table 7 below:

Table 7 Growth inhibition rate of D1-D4 on human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice

The maximum tumor inhibition rate of Compound D1400mg/kg group was 91.49% on Day 7, 72.62% in 16 days, and 43.36% in 30 days. The maximum tumor inhibition rate in Compound D2400mg/kg group was 94.79% in Day 9. 90.63% to 16 days, 67.91% to 30 days; the maximum tumor inhibition rate of Compound D3350mg/kg was 98.54% on Day 11, 95.58% to 16 days, 82.93% to 30 days; Compound D4300mg/kg The maximum tumor inhibition rate in the group was 97.32% on Day 11, 92.12% in 16 days, and 72.14% in 30 days.

(4) Tumor relative volume (RTV) of test compound against human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice

The tumor relative volume of test compound D1-D4 against human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice is shown in Table 8 below:

Table 8 Tumor relative volume of test compound to human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice (Mean ± SEM)

*p<0.05, **p<0.01 vs volume control group.

(5) Relative tumor growth rate (T/C%) of test compound against human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice

The relative tumor growth rate data of test compounds against human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice are shown in Table 9 below:

Table 9 Relative tumor growth rate of test compound against human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice

The relative tumor proliferation rate of the compound D1400mg/kg group reached 28.36% in Day 7 and the tumor proliferation rate in Day 16 was 89.47%. The relative tumor growth rate of the compound D2400mg/kg group reached the minimum in Day 9. The value was 14.41%, and the tumor proliferation rate to Day 16 was 21.64%. The relative tumor proliferation rate of the compound D3350 mg/kg group reached a minimum of 3.41% in Day 11 and a tumor proliferation rate of 10.49% in Day 16 days. The relative tumor proliferation rate of the compound D4300 mg/kg group reached a minimum of 25.94% in Day 11 and a tumor proliferation rate of 37.96% in Day 16 days.

In the growth inhibition experiments of a series of compounds on human colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing nude mice, the tumors inhibited the tumors of colon cancer HCT-116 tumor-bearing nude mice by compound D2, D3 and D4. There was significant tumor inhibition after 16 days of intraperitoneal administration, and no significant effect on animal body weight, indicating that the cytidine derivative dimer of the present invention has high antitumor activity and small toxic side effects.

Claims (8)

1. A novel cytidine derivative dimer having the following general formula (I):

   

   Wherein, R1 is a C ₁ to C ₁₀ alkyl group is, C ₁ to C ₁₀ alkyl substituted _{a, - (CH 2) n-} Ph, or substituted _{- (CH 2) n-Ph} ; said - (CH ₂ n-Ph, wherein n = 0, 1, 2, 3 to 10, Ph is a benzene ring; the substituted alkyl group has independently one or two or three halogens, cyano groups, and nitrates on the carbon chain Substituted with a base, an amino group, a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group; the substituent -(CH ₂ )n-Ph, wherein n = 0, 1, 2, 3 to 10, independently on the carbon chain or on the benzene ring by one or two Or three halogen, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy or carboxy substituted;

   R2 is C ₁ to C ₁₀ alkyl group is, C ₁ to C ₁₀ alkyl substituted _{a, - (CH 2) n-} Ph, or substituted _{- (CH 2) n-Ph} ; said - (CH ₂₎ n -Ph, wherein n = 0, 1, 2, 3 to 10; said substituted alkyl group having independently one or two or three halogen, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy or carboxy groups on the carbon chain Substituted; substituted -(CH ₂ )n-Ph, wherein n=0, 1, 2, 3-10, independently on the carbon chain or on the phenyl ring by one or two or three halogens, cyano Substituted by nitro, amino, hydroxy or carboxy;

   R3 is H, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a substituted alkoxycarbonyl group, and the substituent of the substituted alkoxycarbonyl group is a halogen, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group;

   R4 is H, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or a substituted alkoxycarbonyl group, and the substituent of the substituted alkoxycarbonyl group is a halogen, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group;

   R5 is -(CH ₂ )n-, wherein n = 1 to 15, or -(CH ₂ )n- having a substituent on the carbon chain, the substituent being a phenyl group, a substituted phenyl group, a halogen, a cyanogen a group, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, or -(CH ₂ )nX ₁ -X ₂ -; -(CH ₂ )nX ₁ -X ₂ - wherein n = 0, 1, 2 or 3 X ₁ is O, S, X ₂ is -(CH ₂ ) n -Ph, wherein n = 0, 1, 2 or 3, or X ₂ is pyrimidinyl, pyranyl, imidazolyl, pyrazinyl or pyridine base.
2. The novel cytidine derivative dimer according to claim 1, wherein R3 is H and R4 is H.
3. The novel cytidine derivative dimer according to claim 2, characterized in that R1 and R2 the same.
4. Use of the novel cytidine derivative dimer of claim 1 or a salt thereof for the preparation of a medicament for inhibiting tumors.
5. The use of the novel cytidine derivative dimer or a salt thereof according to claim 4 for the preparation of a medicament for inhibiting tumors, characterized in that the tumor is a hematological tumor or a malignant solid tumor.
6. A pharmaceutical composition comprising, as an active ingredient, the cytidine derivative dimer of the formula (I) according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof Or a plurality of pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients.
7. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 6, wherein the composition is in the form of an injection or an oral dosage form, wherein the oral dosage form comprises a tablet, a powder, a granule, a capsule, a pellet preparation, a solution, and a suspension. An agent, an emulsion, a syrup or an elixir; the injection includes a solution injection, a suspension injection, an emulsion injection, or a sterile powder for injection.
8. A method for preparing a novel cytidine derivative dimer according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

   1 preparing a compound of the formula (II),

   

   2 to prepare a compound of the formula (III),

   

   3 The compound of the formula (II) is mixed with sodium carbonate and added to the system of 1,4-dioxane and water, and then added (Boc) ₂ O, TLC detection, after the reaction is finished, the extract is washed, dried and then reduced. Concentration to dryness; adding the obtained compound to chloroform, adding pyridine and dianhydride R ₅ (CO) ₂ O, reacting overnight, concentrating to obtain a viscous oil, and performing column chromatography to obtain a compound of the formula (IV);

   

   4 The obtained compound of the formula (IV) is mixed with the compound of the formula (III) and DCC, added to dichloromethane, added with DMAP, detected by TLC, and after the reaction is finished, washed and dried, concentrated to dryness, and then added with TFA and DCM. The mixture was stirred at room temperature, cooled in an ice-bath, and then filtered and evaporated.

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