WO2016046892A1 - データキャリアおよびデータキャリアシステム - Google Patents
データキャリアおよびデータキャリアシステム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016046892A1 WO2016046892A1 PCT/JP2014/075125 JP2014075125W WO2016046892A1 WO 2016046892 A1 WO2016046892 A1 WO 2016046892A1 JP 2014075125 W JP2014075125 W JP 2014075125W WO 2016046892 A1 WO2016046892 A1 WO 2016046892A1
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- Prior art keywords
- comparator
- data carrier
- light
- data
- reader
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
- G06K19/0728—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs the arrangement being an optical or sound-based communication interface
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/0772—Physical layout of the record carrier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
- H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
- H04B10/1143—Bidirectional transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/508—Pulse generation, e.g. generation of solitons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/66—Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection
- H04B10/69—Electrical arrangements in the receiver
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/66—Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection
- H04B10/69—Electrical arrangements in the receiver
- H04B10/691—Arrangements for optimizing the photodetector in the receiver
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/28—Measuring attenuation, gain, phase shift or derived characteristics of electric four pole networks, i.e. two-port networks; Measuring transient response
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a data carrier system including a data carrier and a reader / writer.
- RFID Radio Frequency IDentification
- RFID Radio Frequency IDentification
- RFID is roughly classified into a radio wave type and a magnetic field type (electromagnetic induction type) according to a data transmission method.
- radio wave type radio waves carrying data are transmitted and received between the antenna of the reader / writer and the antenna of the data carrier.
- the magnetic field type the coil antenna of the reader / writer and the coil antenna of the data carrier are coupled by electromagnetic induction, and data is transmitted / received between the reader / writer and the data carrier.
- the radio wave system and the magnetic field system have advantages and disadvantages.
- the radio wave type has advantages that it can be manufactured relatively inexpensively and has high versatility. Further, since power can be generated by rectification with the data carrier, the data carrier can be configured as a passive tag that does not require a power source (battery). On the other hand, the radio wave type has a disadvantage that when the communication distance is set long, the reader / writer communicates not only with a specific data carrier but also with data carriers around it. Furthermore, it is susceptible to the reflection of radio waves on metal surfaces and the absorption of radio waves into water, and also has the problem of restriction by the Radio Law and interference with other wireless devices.
- the magnetic field type has the advantage of being less susceptible to dust and the like, and can be used in places with poor surrounding environment. Further, since power can be generated by resonance with the data carrier, the data carrier can be configured as a passive tag as in the radio wave type. On the other hand, the magnetic field type has the disadvantage that the communication distance is short and the positional relationship between the reader / writer and the data carrier is required to be accurate because of coupling by electromagnetic induction. In addition, the magnetic field type has a disadvantage that the communication speed is slow because the frequency is low.
- the inventor of the present application considered developing a data carrier system including an optical data carrier and a reader / writer.
- the optical data carrier system is advantageous in terms of communication distance, directivity and interference as compared with the radio wave type and magnetic type and is easy to handle in a factory production line or the like. Further, in the optical data carrier system, it is possible to achieve a large capacity of data transferred between the data carrier and the reader / writer.
- a light source such as an LED mounted on the data carrier must be made to emit light, which requires relatively large power.
- the reader / writer emits strong light to the data carrier, and the power generated by the light receiving element (for example, a photodiode) of the data carrier is stored in a capacitor, and the stored power is used as the operating power of the data carrier.
- the configuration to be used is conceivable. In this configuration, when the primary battery is not mounted on the data carrier, charging of the capacitor is started after the data carrier and the reader / writer enter the communicable area, so large power is stored in the capacitor in a short time. Is difficult, and the data transfer rate from the data carrier to the reader / writer is limited. Therefore, it is preferable to mount a primary battery for supplying operating power to the data carrier.
- the primary battery is exhausted.
- DC disturbance light such as sunlight or illumination light enters the light receiving element at the time of standby
- an electromotive force is generated in the light receiving element, and the primary battery is consumed even when the current by the electromotive force flows through the primary battery. . Therefore, a large capacity primary battery is required, and the data carrier becomes large.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a data carrier and a data carrier system including the data carrier capable of suppressing consumption of power supply power at the time of standby.
- a data carrier is a data carrier for performing communication using a light as a carrier wave with a reader / writer, and comprises a light receiving element consisting of a diode and a DC voltage.
- a receiving circuit connected to the light receiving element and the power supply wherein the receiving circuit includes a comparator, a capacitor interposed between the cathode of the light receiving element and the negative input terminal of the comparator, and the comparator rather than the capacitor
- the receiving circuit includes a comparator, a capacitor interposed between the cathode of the light receiving element and the negative input terminal of the comparator, and the comparator rather than the capacitor
- it consists of a series circuit of a comparator operation adjustment resistor interposed between the plus terminal of the power supply and the minus input terminal of the comparator, and a plurality of voltage dividing resistors, one end of which is connected to the plus terminal of the power supply
- the resistor divider circuit in which the connection point between the voltage divider resistors is connected to the positive input terminal of the comparator, and the light receiving element rather than the capacitor In, and a reactive current resistor interposed between the cathode and the anode of the light-receiving element.
- a light carrying data (a light modulated by data) is transmitted and received between the data carrier and the reader / writer.
- the data carrier is provided with a reception circuit configured to include a comparator, a capacitor, a comparator operation adjustment resistor, a resistor voltage divider circuit, and a reactive current resistor.
- the capacitor is interposed between the cathode of the light receiving element and the negative input terminal of the comparator.
- the resistor for adjusting the comparator operation is interposed between the positive terminal of the power supply and the negative input terminal of the comparator on the comparator side of the capacitor.
- the resistive voltage dividing circuit is configured by connecting a plurality of voltage dividing resistors in series. One end of the resistive voltage-dividing circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The connection point between the voltage dividing resistor and another voltage dividing resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the comparator.
- the potential at the connection point between the voltage dividing resistor and another voltage dividing resistor (the output voltage of the resistor voltage dividing circuit) is input to the positive input terminal of the comparator as a reference voltage.
- the reactive current resistor is interposed between the cathode and the anode of the light receiving element.
- the potential (voltage of the power supply) of the negative input terminal of the comparator is equal to or higher than the potential of the positive input terminal (the output voltage of the resistance voltage dividing circuit). A signal is output.
- received data data transmitted from the reader / writer
- a data carrier is a data carrier that communicates light with the reader / writer as a carrier wave, and is connected to a light receiving element made of a diode, a comparator, and one input terminal of the comparator.
- Input circuit whose potential changes according to the change in magnitude of the electromotive force generated in the light receiving element, and the DC voltage of the power supply is stepped down to a predetermined reference voltage, and the reference voltage is input to the other input terminal of the comparator And a resistor for reactive current interposed between the cathode and the anode of the light receiving element.
- a light carrying data (a light modulated by data) is transmitted and received between the data carrier and the reader / writer.
- the data carrier is provided with a comparator, an input circuit, a resistive voltage divider circuit, and a resistor for reactive current.
- An input circuit is connected to one input terminal of the comparator.
- the potential of the input circuit that is, the potential input to one of the input terminals of the comparator changes in accordance with the change in magnitude of the electromotive force generated in the light receiving element.
- a reference voltage generated by reducing the DC voltage of the power supply to a predetermined reference voltage is input from the resistance voltage dividing circuit.
- the reactive current resistor is interposed between the cathode and the anode of the light receiving element.
- received data data transmitted from the reader / writer
- the data carrier acquires received data from a storage unit that stores data, and a signal output from the receiving circuit, and controls to generate transmission data using the data stored in the storage unit based on the received data. It may further comprise a unit.
- control unit is preferably configured by an LSI having a CMOS structure that operates in the subthreshold region.
- nA nanoampere
- the data carrier further includes a light emitting element and a drive circuit for supplying a drive current to the light emitting element using a DC voltage of a power supply, and the control unit is supplied from the drive circuit to the light emitting element based on transmission data.
- Drive current may be controlled.
- a plurality of light emitting elements be provided, and the plurality of light emitting elements be commonly connected to the drive circuit and simultaneously emit light by a drive current supplied from the drive circuit.
- the plurality of light emitting elements emit light synchronously, even if foreign matter such as dust adheres to one light emitting element, it is possible to transmit transmission data to the reader / writer by light emission from another light emitting element.
- the light emitting element is preferably an LED.
- the LED is a point light source capable of easily controlling pulse lighting, by using the LED as a light emitting element, light whose intensity changes in a pulse shape can be easily output from the light emitting element. Also, since the LED is a diffused light source, transmission from the data carrier can be made relatively broad directivity. Therefore, even if the LED does not face the light receiving element of the reader / writer in the direction of the optical axis, transmission data can be transmitted from the data carrier to the reader / writer.
- a data carrier system is a data carrier system including a reader / writer and a data carrier for performing communication using the light as a carrier wave between the reader / writer, wherein the data carrier is a diode And a receiving circuit connected to the light receiving element and the power supply, wherein the receiving circuit is interposed between the comparator and the cathode of the light receiving element and the negative input terminal of the comparator.
- Capacitor and a series circuit of a plurality of voltage dividing resistors connected between the positive terminal of the power supply and the negative input terminal of the comparator on the side of the comparator rather than the capacitor, and one end of the power supply Connected to the positive terminal, the junction between the two voltage-dividing resistors is the positive input terminal of the comparator
- the reader / writer sets the intensity of light output from the reader / writer side light emitting element, the reader / writer side light receiving element, and the reader / writer side light emitting element to a relatively small intensity, and in this state, the reader / writer side light receiving element If the amount of light received from the data carrier is equal to or greater than the first level, an intensity setting unit for setting the intensity of light output from the reader / writer side light emitting element to a relatively large intensity and output from the reader / writer side light emitting element In a state in which the light intensity is set to a relatively large intensity, the reader provided that the amount of light received from the data carrier by the reader / writer side light receiving element is equal to or higher than a second level set lower than the first level.
- the reader / writer side demodulation unit may be provided which takes out the data carried by the light received by the writer side light receiving element.
- Light of relatively small intensity is output from the reader / writer side light emitting element, and in response to this, when the reader / writer side light receiving element receives a light amount of the first level or more from the data carrier, the data carrier can communicate with the reader / writer It can be determined that the area has been entered. Then, when the data carrier is in the communicable area of the reader / writer, light of relatively large intensity is outputted from the reader / writer side light emitting element. Also, when the light receiving element on the reader / writer side receives a light amount of a second level or more set lower than the first level from the data carrier, the reader / writer side demodulation unit is controlled to take out the data carried on the light. Thus, the receiver sensitivity of the reader / writer can be increased. Therefore, stable communication can be performed between the data carrier and the reader / writer.
- the data carrier in the data carrier, it is possible to suppress the consumption of power supply power at the time of standby.
- the time of communication in which the signal light from the reader / writer is incident on the light receiving element of the data carrier it is possible to obtain reception data carried on the signal light.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a data carrier and a reader / writer. It is a circuit diagram showing composition of a receiving circuit of a data carrier. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the output aspect (The output aspect of the signal from the output terminal of a comparator) of light from a reader-writer, and data (code
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of a configuration of a data carrier attached to a device fixedly arranged in a factory or the like.
- LED light emitting element
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a data carrier system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the data carrier system 1 includes a data carrier 2 for holding data and a reader / writer 3 for reading and writing data on the data carrier 2.
- a data carrier 2 for holding data
- a reader / writer 3 for reading and writing data on the data carrier 2.
- light is used as a carrier wave. That is, the data carrier system 1 is an optical data carrier system that performs communication using the light as a carrier wave between the data carrier 2 and the reader / writer 3.
- the data carrier system 1 is used, for example, to manage products flowing through a production line of a factory.
- the data carrier 2 is attached to each product flowing in the factory production line, and the reader / writer 3 is fixedly arranged to each production line. Then, when the data carrier 2 enters the communicable area of the reader / writer 3 along with the flow of each product, information on the product held in the data carrier 2 by the communication between the data carrier 2 and the reader / writer 3 Are collected by the reader / writer 3.
- Each reader / writer 3 is connected to the host PC 4 periodically or at any timing, and the information collected by the reader / writer 3 is transferred from the reader / writer 3 to the host PC 4.
- the host PC 4 products flowing through a plurality of production lines can be centrally managed.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the data carrier 2 and the reader / writer 3.
- the data carrier 2 includes a PD (photo diode) 21, an LED 22, a control unit 23, a memory 24, a modulation unit 25, a demodulation unit 26, and a power supply unit 27.
- PD photo diode
- the data carrier 2 includes a PD (photo diode) 21, an LED 22, a control unit 23, a memory 24, a modulation unit 25, a demodulation unit 26, and a power supply unit 27.
- the control unit 23 is configured to include a CPU, and is configured by an LSI having a CMOS structure that operates in a subthreshold region.
- the control unit 23 executes a program stored in the memory 24 and controls the operation of each unit such as writing / reading of data to / from the memory 24.
- the memory 24 is, for example, a flash memory.
- the modulation unit 25 includes a drive circuit (driver) 251 that supplies a drive current to the LED 22.
- the control circuit 23 is controlled by the control unit 23 based on the data, and the LED 22 is pulse lit. Accordingly, the data is carried on pulse light output from the LED 22 and transmitted.
- the demodulation unit 26 includes a reception circuit 261.
- the receiving circuit 261 will be described later.
- the power supply unit 27 includes a primary battery 271.
- the power supply unit 27 supplies the power of the primary battery 271 to the control unit 23, the memory 24, the modulation unit 25, and the demodulation unit 26.
- a manganese dioxide lithium battery is employed for the primary battery 271.
- a coin-type lithium battery “CR2025” is adopted as the primary battery 271 from the viewpoint of battery capacity and size.
- the reader / writer 3 includes an LD (laser diode) 31, a PD (photodiode) 32, a control unit 33, a memory 34, a modulation unit 35, a demodulation unit 36, a power supply unit 37, and an external interface 38.
- the LD 31 is, for example, a red laser diode.
- the control unit 33 includes a CPU, executes a program stored in the memory 24, and controls the operation of each unit such as writing / reading of data to / from the memory 34.
- the memory 34 is made of, for example, a dynamic random access memory (DRAM).
- DRAM dynamic random access memory
- the modulation unit 35 includes a drive circuit (driver) 351 that supplies a drive current to the LED 22.
- the drive circuit 351 is controlled by the control unit 33 based on the data to pulse the LD 31.
- the data is carried on the light output from the LD 31 and transmitted.
- the demodulation unit 36 includes a receiving circuit 361.
- a receiving circuit 361 When the signal light output from the data carrier 2 enters the PD 32, an electromotive force is generated in the PD 32 due to the photovoltaic effect.
- the electromotive force of the PD 32 changes in accordance with the intensity of the signal light.
- the reception circuit 361 generates a signal that switches between the high level and the low level in accordance with the change in the electromotive force of the PD 32. This signal is output from the reception circuit 361 to the control unit 33. In the control unit 33, the signal output from the receiving circuit 361 is converted into data, and the data is acquired as reception data from the data carrier 2.
- the power supply unit 37 supplies power to the control unit 33, the memory 34, the modulation unit 35, and the demodulation unit 36.
- the power supply unit 37 may include, for example, a built-in battery as a power supply, or may include a circuit that generates operation power of each unit from an external power supply (for example, commercial AC power supply, USB bus power, etc.).
- the external interface 38 is an interface for communication with the host PC 4 (see FIG. 1).
- a universal serial bus (USB) interface is adopted as the external interface 38.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of reception circuit 261 (demodulation unit 26) of data carrier 2.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the output mode of light from the reader / writer 3 (the output mode of the signal from the output terminal of the comparator) and the data (code).
- the receiving circuit 261 includes a comparator 41, a capacitor 42, a comparator operation adjusting resistor 43, a resistor voltage dividing circuit 44, and a reactive current resistor 45.
- the comparator 41 has a plus input terminal 411, a minus input terminal 412 and an output terminal 413.
- the capacitor 42 is interposed between the cathode of the PD 21 and the negative input terminal 412 of the comparator 41. Specifically, one electrode of the capacitor 42 is connected to the cathode of the PD 21 via the wire 46. The other electrode of the capacitor 42 is connected to the negative input terminal 412 of the comparator 41 via a wire 47.
- One end of the comparator operation adjustment resistor 43 is connected to the plus terminal of the primary battery 271 of the power supply unit 37.
- the other end of the comparator operation adjustment resistor 43 is connected to the wiring 47. That is, the comparator operation adjustment resistor 43 is interposed between the plus terminal of the primary battery 271 and the minus input terminal 412 of the comparator 41.
- the output terminal 413 of the comparator 41 is connected to the control unit 23.
- the resistive voltage dividing circuit 44 is configured by connecting two voltage dividing resistors 441 and 442 in series. One end of the resistive voltage dividing circuit 44 is connected to the positive terminal of the primary battery 271. The connection point 443 of the voltage dividing resistors 441 and 442 is connected to the positive input terminal 411 of the comparator 41. The other end of the resistance voltage dividing circuit 44 and the anode of the PD 21 are connected to the ground (GND).
- the resistive voltage dividing circuit 44 may be configured by connecting three or more voltage dividing resistors in series.
- the reactive current resistor 45 is interposed between the cathode and the anode of the PD 21. Specifically, one end of the reactive current resistor 45 is connected to the wiring 46. The other end of the reactive current resistor 45 is connected to the ground.
- a voltage obtained by subtracting the potential drop of the voltage dividing resistor 441 on the positive side from the electromotive voltage of the primary battery 271 is supplied to the positive input terminal 411 of the comparator 41. Therefore, the potential of the negative input terminal 412 of the comparator 41 is higher than the potential of the positive input terminal 411, and a low level signal is output from the output terminal of the comparator 41.
- the consumption of the power of the primary battery 271 of the power supply unit 37 is only the consumption of the minute current flowing through the resistance voltage dividing circuit 44. Therefore, with the configuration of the receiving circuit 261, it is possible to suppress the consumption of the power (power supply power) of the primary battery 271 in the standby state in which the signal light from the reader / writer is not incident on the PD 21. As a result, the life of the primary battery 271 can be extended.
- the intensity of the light output from the LD 31 is relatively It is set to a small intensity. Then, the drive circuit 351 of the modulation unit 35 is controlled by the control unit 33, and the communication start command for instructing the start of communication is repeatedly transmitted on the light with small intensity output from the LD 31.
- the communication start command is data represented by a string (bit string) of “1” and “0”.
- the data “1” and “0” are transmitted by the length of time interval from lighting of the LD 31 to the next lighting with the lighting time Ton of the LD 31 fixed as shown in FIG.
- the data “1” is transmitted by lighting the LED 31 again after a relatively short time T1 has elapsed since the lighting of the LED 31.
- the data “0” is transmitted by the LED 31 being turned on again after the relatively long time T 0 has passed since the lighting of the LED 31.
- the control unit 23 decodes data (code) from the signal output from the output terminal 413 of the comparator 41.
- the controller 23 controls the comparator 41 thereafter.
- the signal output from the output terminal 413 is decoded into data until the low level signal continues to be output from the output terminal 413 for a fixed time longer than time T0. If the time from the output terminal 413 of the comparator 41 to the output of the high level signal to the output of the next high level signal is a relatively short time T1, the control unit 23 acquires data “1”. Ru. On the other hand, if the time from the output terminal 413 of the comparator 41 to the output of the high level signal to the output of the next high level signal is relatively long T0, the control unit 23 outputs data “0”. It is acquired.
- control unit 23 determines whether the acquired series of bit strings correspond to the communication start command.
- the control unit 23 determines that the communication start command from the reader / writer 3 has been received. In this case, the drive circuit 251 of the modulation unit 25 is controlled by the control unit 23 so that the LED 22 is pulse-lit and communication approval data indicating that communication is approved is transmitted on the light output from the LED 22.
- the communication approval data is acquired from the signal output from the receiving circuit 361 of the demodulation unit 36 by the control unit 33.
- two comparators having different sensitivities are provided in parallel.
- a signal output from a relatively low sensitivity comparator for example, a comparator to which a relatively low reference voltage is input when the reference voltage is input to the positive input terminal
- the communication approval data is not acquired from the communication between the data carrier 2 and the reader / writer 3 is not started even if the communication approval data is acquired from the signal output from the relatively high sensitivity comparator.
- the communication approval data is obtained from the signal output from the relatively low sensitivity comparator, communication between the data carrier 2 and the reader / writer 3 is started.
- the intensity of light output from the LD 31 is relatively large in order to perform stable communication with the data carrier 2. Change to strength.
- the drive circuit 351 of the modulation unit 35 is controlled by the control unit 33, and a transmission request command for requesting transmission of predetermined data to the data carrier 2 is transmitted on the light output from the LD 31.
- the control unit 23 decodes the signal output from the output terminal 413 of the comparator 41 into data as in the case of the communication start command described above. .
- a transmission request command is acquired by this decryption.
- the control unit 23 reads predetermined data from the memory 24.
- the drive circuit 251 of the modulation unit 25 is controlled by the control unit 23 to pulse light the LED 22, and the predetermined data read from the memory 24 is transmitted on the light output from the LED 22.
- the control unit 33 acquires predetermined data from the signal output from the receiving circuit 361 of the demodulation unit 36. Then, the control unit 33 writes the predetermined data to the memory 34.
- the reader / writer 3 After the start of communication between the data carrier 2 and the reader / writer 3, for example, data is acquired from a signal output from a relatively high sensitivity comparator. Thus, even if the light from the data carrier 2 is weak, the reader / writer 3 can satisfactorily acquire the data carried by the light from the data carrier 2.
- the drive circuit 351 of the modulation unit 35 is controlled by the control unit 33, and a communication end command to the effect that communication with the data carrier 2 is ended is transmitted on the light output from the LD 31.
- the control unit 23 decodes the signal output from the output terminal 413 of the comparator 41 into data, and the communication end command is acquired. Communication between the data carrier 2 and the reader / writer 3 is completed in response to the acquisition of the communication end command.
- the intensity of light output from the LD 31 is switched from a relatively small intensity to a relatively large intensity after the start of communication between the data carrier 2 and the reader / writer 3, the output from the LD 31
- the intensity of the emitted light may be constant before and after the start of communication between the data carrier 2 and the reader / writer 3.
- the number of comparators provided in the reception circuit 361 is one. May be
- a comparator having higher sensitivity than the comparator 41 is provided in parallel with the comparator 41 in the reception circuit 261 of the demodulation unit 26 of the data carrier 2, and after communication between the data carrier 2 and the reader / writer 3 is started, Data may be acquired from the current output from the high sensitivity comparator.
- the data carrier 2 can favorably acquire the data carried on the signal light. it can.
- the control unit 23 is configured by an LSI having a CMOS structure that operates in the subthreshold region.
- the operating power of the control unit 23 can be reduced, and the consumption of power of the primary battery 271 by the operation of the control unit 23 can be suppressed.
- the life of the primary battery 271 can be further extended.
- the LED 22 is a point light source capable of easily controlling pulse lighting.
- the LED 22 since the LED 22 is used as a light emitting element, it is possible to easily output light whose intensity changes in a pulse shape.
- the LED 22 since the LED 22 is a diffused light source, transmission from the data carrier 2 can have a relatively wide directivity. Therefore, even if the LED 22 does not face the PD 32 of the reader / writer 3 in the direction of the optical axis, transmission data can be transmitted from the data carrier 2 to the reader / writer 3.
- the data carrier 2 is attached to a movable body such as a product flowing through a production line is taken up, but the data carrier 2 is attached to equipment fixedly arranged in a factory or the like And may be used to store and maintain the state of the device.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the data carrier 2 attached to a device fixedly arranged in a factory or the like.
- a detector 51 for detecting the state of the device is attached to the device to which the data carrier 2 is attached.
- the detector 51 is provided with an LED 52
- the data carrier 2 is provided with the LED 52 and a phototransistor 61 constituting a photocoupler.
- an electrical signal representing the state of the device is converted to light between the LED 52 and the phototransistor 61, and the light is returned to the electrical signal again.
- the device status is transmitted from the device 51 to the data carrier 2.
- the control unit 23 writes the received state of the device in the memory 24.
- the state of the device includes, for example, the temperature of the device, the temperature and / or humidity of the environment of use of the device, the number of operations of the device (for example, the number of presses in a press), the number of good and / or defective items produced by the device Etc.
- the reader / writer 3 reads the state of the device from the data carrier 2 and the read information Can be used to analyze the causes of defects and to take measures for defects. As a result, the quality of the product can be improved.
- the data carrier 2 when the data carrier 2 is attached to a device fixedly arranged in a factory or the like, the data carrier 2 may be provided with a configuration for detecting the state of the device.
- the data carrier 2 When the data carrier 2 is attached to a press device used for the crimping operation of the wire harness terminal, the data carrier 2 includes, for example, piezoelectric conversion elements (piezo elements) 71 and piezoelectric conversion elements 71 as shown in FIG.
- a detection circuit 72 for detecting the natural vibration when the applicator moves up and down from the output signal, and a counting circuit 73 for counting the number of times of detection of the natural vibration by the detection circuit 72 are provided. Then, the number counted by the counting circuit 73 is input to the control unit 23, and the number is written in the memory 24 by the control unit 23.
- the lifespan (lifetime) of consumables used in the press can be improved. It can be managed.
- the data carrier 2 may be provided with a plurality of light emitting elements.
- the data carrier 2 may be provided with two LEDs 221,222.
- the two LEDs 221 and 222 may be pulse-lighted in synchronization with each other, and transmission data may be carried on the lights output from the respective LEDs 221 and 222.
- transmission data can be transmitted to the reader / writer 3 by light emission from another LED 222.
- the data may be transmitted to the data carrier 2 by the reader / writer 3, and the data may be written to the memory 24 of the data carrier 2.
- the equipment to which the data carrier 2 is attached is provided with a member requiring calibration
- the date or time when calibration should be performed next is written in the memory 24 of the data carrier 2.
- the equipment to which the data carrier 2 is attached is provided with a member that requires replacement
- the date and time when the replacement is performed or the time when the replacement should be performed are written in the memory 24 of the data carrier 2. May be As a result, when information such as the state of the device is read from the data carrier 2 by the reader / writer 3, it is possible to acquire the period until the calibration time or the exchange time by reading out the information on the calibration time or the exchange time together. .
- an LD (laser diode) 31 formed of a red laser diode is provided as a light emitting element of the reader / writer 3.
- the light emitting element of the reader / writer 3 may be a laser diode that outputs laser light of a color other than red.
- the light emitting element of the reader / writer 3 is not limited to the laser diode, and may be an LED.
- the LED may be a red LED or an infrared LED.
- a red laser be adopted as a light emitting element of the reader / writer 3.
- a red LED or an infrared LED is used as a light emitting element of the reader / writer 3. It may be adopted.
- a red LED may be adopted for the short distance handy type reader / writer 3 and an infrared LED may be adopted for the fixed type reader / writer 3.
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Abstract
Description
2 データキャリア
3 リーダライタ
21 PD(受光素子)
22 LED(発光素子)
23 制御部
24 メモリ(記憶部)
25 変調部
26 復調部
27 電源部
41 コンパレータ
42 コンデンサ(入力回路)
43 コンパレータ動作調整用抵抗
44 抵抗分圧回路
45 無効電流用抵抗
46 配線(入力回路)
221 LED(発光素子)
222 LED(発光素子)
251 駆動回路
261 受信回路
271 一次電池
411 プラス入力端子
412 マイナス入力端子
441 分圧用抵抗
442 分圧用抵抗
443 接続点
Claims (7)
- リーダライタとの間で光を搬送波とする通信を行うデータキャリアであって、
ダイオードからなる受光素子と、
直流電圧を発生する電源と、
前記受光素子および前記電源に接続された受信回路と
を備え、
前記受信回路は、
コンパレータと、
前記受光素子のカソードと前記コンパレータのマイナス入力端子との間に介在されたコンデンサと、
前記コンデンサよりも前記コンパレータ側において、前記電源のプラス端子と前記コンパレータのマイナス入力端子との間に介在されたコンパレータ動作調整用抵抗と、
複数の分圧用抵抗の直列回路からなり、一端が前記電源のプラス端子に接続され、2個の前記分圧用抵抗間の接続点が前記コンパレータのプラス入力端子に接続された抵抗分圧回路と、
前記コンデンサよりも前記受光素子側において、前記受光素子のカソードとアノードとの間に介在された無効電流用抵抗と
を含む、データキャリア。 - リーダライタとの間で光を搬送波とする通信を行うデータキャリアであって、
ダイオードからなる受光素子と、
直流電圧を発生する電源と、
コンパレータと、
前記コンパレータの一方の入力端子に接続され、前記受光素子に生じる起電力の大きさの変化に応じて電位が変化する入力回路と、
前記電源の直流電圧を所定の基準電圧に降圧して、当該基準電圧を前記コンパレータの他方の入力端子に入力する抵抗分圧回路と、
前記受光素子のカソードとアノードとの間に介在された無効電流用抵抗と
を含む、データキャリア。 - データを記憶する記憶部と、
前記受信回路から出力される信号から受信データを取得し、当該受信データに基づいて、前記記憶部に記憶されているデータを用いた送信データを生成する制御部と
をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のデータキャリア。 - 前記制御部は、サブスレッショルド領域で動作するCMOS構造を有するLSIにより構成されている、請求項3に記載のデータキャリア。
- 発光素子と、
前記電源の直流電圧を使用して、前記発光素子に駆動電流を供給する駆動回路と
をさらに備え、
前記制御部は、前記送信データに基づいて、前記駆動回路から前記発光素子に供給される駆動電流を制御する、請求項4に記載のデータキャリア。 - 前記発光素子は、複数備えられており、
複数の前記発光素子は、前記駆動回路に共通に接続され、前記駆動回路から供給される駆動電流により同時に発光する、請求項5に記載のデータキャリア。 - リーダライタと、前記リーダライタとの間で光を搬送波とする通信を行うデータキャリアとを含むデータキャリアシステムであって、
前記データキャリアは、
ダイオードからなる受光素子と、
直流電圧を発生する電源と、
前記受光素子および前記電源に接続された受信回路と
を備え、
前記受信回路は、
コンパレータと、
前記受光素子のカソードと前記コンパレータのマイナス入力端子との間に介在されたコンデンサと、
前記コンデンサよりも前記コンパレータ側において、前記電源のプラス端子と前記コンパレータのマイナス入力端子との間に介在されたコンパレータ動作調整用抵抗と、
複数の分圧用抵抗の直列回路からなり、一端が前記電源のプラス端子に接続され、2個の前記分圧用抵抗間の接続点が前記コンパレータのプラス入力端子に接続された抵抗分圧回路と、
前記コンデンサよりも前記受光素子側において、前記受光素子のカソードとアノードとの間に介在された無効電流用抵抗と
を含む、データキャリアシステム。
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JP2015512938A JP5938142B1 (ja) | 2014-09-22 | 2014-09-22 | データキャリアおよびデータキャリアシステム |
US15/513,140 US9830549B2 (en) | 2014-09-22 | 2014-09-22 | Data carrier and data carrier system |
CN201480010582.XA CN105637786B (zh) | 2014-09-22 | 2014-09-22 | 数据载体及数据载体系统 |
PCT/JP2014/075125 WO2016046892A1 (ja) | 2014-09-22 | 2014-09-22 | データキャリアおよびデータキャリアシステム |
TW104118533A TWI610242B (zh) | 2014-09-22 | 2015-06-08 | 資料承載裝置及資料承載裝置系統 |
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