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WO2016045078A1 - 本安型乳化炸药现场装药车 - Google Patents

本安型乳化炸药现场装药车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016045078A1
WO2016045078A1 PCT/CN2014/087504 CN2014087504W WO2016045078A1 WO 2016045078 A1 WO2016045078 A1 WO 2016045078A1 CN 2014087504 W CN2014087504 W CN 2014087504W WO 2016045078 A1 WO2016045078 A1 WO 2016045078A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pump
sensitizer
inner core
static
oil phase
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/087504
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐秋明
Original Assignee
石家庄成功机电有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 石家庄成功机电有限公司 filed Critical 石家庄成功机电有限公司
Priority to EP14902394.7A priority Critical patent/EP3199509B1/en
Priority to US15/514,056 priority patent/US10222190B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2014/087504 priority patent/WO2016045078A1/zh
Priority to AU2014406966A priority patent/AU2014406966B2/en
Publication of WO2016045078A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016045078A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/712—Feed mechanisms for feeding fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/7176—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/7179—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using sprayers, nozzles or jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/71805—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using valves, gates, orifices or openings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D63/00—Motor vehicles or trailers not otherwise provided for
    • B62D63/02—Motor vehicles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • F17D1/086—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products for explosives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R2021/0065—Type of vehicles
    • B60R2021/0074—Utility vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/80—Other vehicles not covered by groups B60Y2200/10 - B60Y2200/60
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D39/00—Vehicle bodies not otherwise provided for, e.g. safety vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D61/00—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern
    • B62D61/10—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern with more than four wheels

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of blasting equipment, and relates to an intrinsically safe emulsion explosive on-site charging vehicle.
  • Emulsion explosives were new products developed in the 1970s. In 1969, Blabm in the United States first explained the emulsion explosive technology. The earliest emulsion explosives were non-detonator sensitive. When used, they must be detonated by means of relay primers. Later, With the deepening of the research on emulsion explosives, the emulsion explosives developed in the later stage also have the detonator sensitivity, and have good water resistance, good explosive performance, low mechanical sensitivity and good safety, and the cost is lower than that of water gel. Explosives, from a global perspective, bulk emulsion explosives and their mixed vehicles have been widely used. With the increasing emphasis on production safety in China, bulk explosives have been suitable for mining due to safety risks during transportation.
  • the explosives in the mine production process currently in the mine and mine production, basically use the on-site mixed truck for mixing, the mixed truck will not produce finished explosives in the production process, until 10 minutes before the last insertion into the blasthole The sensitization reaction becomes a finished explosive, although the bulk emulsion explosives are avoided during transportation. Risk factors, however, the existing mixed vehicle safety risks still exist in the production process.
  • the main components of the mixed explosives on the site are the water phase, the oil phase and the sensitizer.
  • the aqueous phase solution flows out of the water phase pump and then enters the emulsifier through the water phase flow meter.
  • the oil phase liquid flows out from the mailbox pump.
  • the oil phase flow meter enters the emulsifier, and the aqueous phase and the oil phase are stirred at high speed in the emulsifier to form a latex matrix.
  • the sensitizer flows out of the sensitizer pump and enters the mixer through the sensitizer flow meter, and the latex matrix leaves enter the mixture.
  • the mixture is mixed with the sensitizer, and the mixed slurry falls into the screw pump hopper by its own weight, and finally the slurry is pressed into the blast hole by the pressure of the screw pump; in the actual mixing process, the latex matrix and the sensitizer are mixed.
  • the mixing in the device causes a part of the matrix to be foamed to form an explosive, which has a certain sensitivity.
  • the existing mixer belongs to a forced stirring device, and when an object such as metal impurities enters the mixer, there is a possibility that heat is generated due to friction and there is a danger;
  • the medium pumped by the screw pump is already a finished emulsion explosive, due to the structural principle of the screw pump and
  • the experience of the civil explosion industry for the long-term use of screw pumps shows that there is a great safety hazard in pumping finished emulsion explosives with screw pumps, which greatly reduces the overall safety of the emulsion explosive mixed vehicles, and has caused many explosion accidents, causing a certain degree. The personnel are hurt.
  • the present invention provides an intrinsically safe emulsion explosive on-site charging vehicle, and the entire emulsification process and the sensitization process adopt static devices to avoid the occurrence of mechanical friction in the process of emulsification and sensitization.
  • the factor is that the sensitizer and the latex matrix are statically mixed in the sensitizer provided at the end of the conveying hose, and the finished emulsion explosive can be formed only in the blasthole, thereby greatly reducing the safety risk and avoiding personal injury.
  • An intrinsically safe emulsion explosive on-site charging vehicle comprising an automobile chassis, installing an equipment platform on the upper part of the automobile chassis, and installing a water and oil phase storage and conveying system, a sensitizer storage and conveying system, a vehicle cleaning system, and a static on the equipment platform
  • Emulsifier hydraulic system, automatic control system, static sensitizer and coiling device, winding hose on the coiling device, water and oil phase storage conveying system including water phase storage conveying system and oil phase storage conveying system, its key improvement
  • the ends of the aqueous phase storage transport system and the oil phase storage transport system are respectively docked with the water phase inlet and the oil phase inlet of the static emulsifier
  • the outlet end of the static emulsifier is docked with a delivery hose
  • the sensitizer is stored and transported.
  • the end of the system interfaces with the delivery hose head end, and the static sensitizer is disposed at the end of the delivery hose.
  • the static emulsifier comprises an oil phase inlet, a water phase inlet, a flange cylinder, an emulsified inner core and an emulsifier outlet, wherein the flange cylinder is provided with an inner cylinder, the outer cylinder outer wall and the flange cylinder Forming a sealed cavity between the inner walls, the side wall of the flange tube is provided with a water phase inlet communicating with the sealing cavity, and the inner side of the inner cylinder is installed with at least three stages of emulsified inner core along the length thereof, the emulsified core
  • the utility model comprises an emulsification cylinder and an annular end plate fixed at two ends of the emulsification cylinder, wherein the outer diameter of the annular end plate is the same as the inner diameter of the inner cylinder and is in sealing contact, and an end plate of each emulsified inner core is provided with an orifice plate.
  • the orifice plate has a through hole in the array, and the emulsified inner core is provided with one end of the orifice plate as an outlet end, and the outer wall of the emulsification cylinder, the end plate at both ends of the emulsification cylinder and the inner wall of the inner cylinder form a cavity.
  • the side wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of diverting holes having the same number of emulsified inner cores, and the diverting holes communicate with the cavities outside the emulsification cylinder, and the outer wall of the emulsification cylinder is provided with at least two rows of sprays uniformly distributed around the axis thereof. hole.
  • the static sensitizer comprises a cylindrical body, a connecting member and a two-stage sensitized inner core disposed in the cylindrical body, wherein the two-stage sensitized inner core is a first-stage sensitized inner core and a first a second-stage sensitized inner core, wherein the first-stage sensitized inner core and the second-stage sensitized inner core have the same structure and are closed at one end, and the inner cavity of the sensitized inner core is a mixing chamber
  • the sensitized inner core closed end is provided with a dispersion hole communicating with the mixing cavity, the dispersion hole is evenly arranged around the sensitized inner core axis, and an angle between an axis of each dispersion hole and an axis of the sensitized inner core
  • the opening end of the first-stage sensitized inner core and the second-stage sensitized inner core is butted and disposed in the cylindrical body.
  • the water-oil phase storage delivery system comprises a water phase tank, an oil phase tank, a water phase pump and an oil phase pump, the water phase tank being installed at a front portion of the equipment platform, the oil phase tank being installed at In the middle of the equipment platform, the water phase pump and the oil phase pump are installed at a middle rear portion of the equipment platform, and the water phase pump and the water phase tank are connected by means of a stainless steel pipe, the water phase
  • the pump outlet is connected to the water phase inlet of the static emulsifier by means of a stainless steel tube, which is connected to the oil phase tank by means of a stainless steel tube, which is connected to the oil phase inlet of the static emulsifier by means of a stainless steel tube
  • the water phase pump and the oil phase pump are both driven by means of a hydraulic motor.
  • the water phase pump is a screw pump, which is composed of a casing, two rubberized rotors and the like, and the rubber-coated rotor is non-rigid, which eliminates unsafe factors during transportation and improves the safety of water phase transportation.
  • the hydraulic system comprises: a hydraulic oil tank, a power take-off, a main oil pump, a sensitizer pump motor, a water phase pump motor, an oil phase pump motor, a throttle valve, a pressure gauge and a coiler motor, the hydraulic pressure
  • the fuel tank is installed at a front portion of the equipment platform, and the power take-off power output end is connected to a main oil pump power input end, the main oil pump oil outlet and the sensitizer pump motor, the water phase pump motor, and the coil tube
  • the motor motor and the oil phase pump motor inlet are connected by means of hydraulic oil pipes.
  • the in-vehicle cleaning system comprises a flushing water tank and a water pump
  • the flushing water tank is installed in a middle portion of the equipment platform
  • the water pump is installed at a middle rear portion of the equipment platform
  • the water pump inlet is passed through a stainless steel tube
  • the flushing tank outlet connection is connected to the water phase conduit, the static emulsifier water inlet and the static sensitizer inlet through a stainless steel tube and a valve, respectively.
  • the sensitizer storage delivery system comprises a sensitizer storage tank and a sensitizer pump
  • the sensitizer storage tank is installed in a middle portion of the equipment platform
  • the sensitizer pump is installed in the rinsing
  • the sensitizer tank and the sensitizer pump are connected by means of a stainless steel tube
  • the sensitizer pump outlet end is connected to the static emulsifier outlet by means of a stainless steel tube.
  • the coiling device comprises a bracket and a reel provided at the tail of the equipment platform, and a joint
  • the main shaft of the reel is disposed on the bracket by means of a bearing
  • the bracket is fixedly provided with a joint
  • the coil A delivery hose is wound around the barrel, the delivery end of the delivery hose abuts the joint outlet end, and the joint inlet end is docked with the static emulsifier outlet by means of a stainless steel tube.
  • the automatic control system comprises: a PLC module, a vehicle-mounted GPS positioning system, the PLC module is installed at a tail of the equipment platform, and the vehicle-mounted GPS positioning system is installed in a cab of a car.
  • the present invention places the sensitizing device at the end of the conveying hose.
  • the sensitizer at the end of the conveying hose is first placed into the blasthole, and then the hydraulic system is opened for emulsification, and at the same time, after emulsification
  • the latex matrix and sensitizer are sent to the sensitizer through the transfer hose for sensitization, and the shape of the blasthole is not a finished emulsion explosive, which greatly reduces the safety risk, although the sensitizer and the emulsified latex matrix are passed through the transfer hose.
  • the conveying is carried out, but the mixing device is not provided during the conveying process, so that the sensitized emulsion explosive is not formed in the conveying hose.
  • the emulsifier used in the present invention is a static emulsifier.
  • the oil phase is transported into the emulsifier using an oil phase pump, and the oil phase is set on the emulsified inner cylinder through the emulsified cylinder of the emulsified inner core.
  • the injection hole the water phase is transported to the water phase inlet of the static emulsifier through the water phase pump, and enters each stage through the split hole
  • the water phase entering the cavity enters the emulsification cylinder through the injection hole to physically stir the oil phase
  • the coarsely emulsified matrix which is physically stirred passes through the orifice plate and further mixes and enters
  • the first-stage emulsified inner core is provided with a five-stage inner core in the invention, so that the water phase and the oil phase are thoroughly mixed to form a uniform latex matrix. Since the emulsification process is mainly carried out by means of the spray force of the water phase, there is no mechanical mechanism. Shearing and mechanical friction greatly reduce safety risks.
  • the sensitizer used in the present invention is a static sensitizer, and the latex matrix conveyed by the conveying hose is in the conveying hose, but in the conveying hose, a mixing or stirring device, a latex matrix and
  • the sensitizer is only transported forward under the pressure of the water phase pump, the oil phase pump and the sensitizer pump, and is carried out in a sealed environment with a low safety risk, after the latex matrix and sensitizer enter the sensitizer Dispersing holes disposed on the two-stage sensitized inner core are dispersed, and the dispersed mixture is mixed into the mixing chamber, and the mixture is sensitized through the mixture of the second-stage sensitized inner core, and the finished emulsion explosive is sent into the blasthole, at the last The link is sensitized to avoid direct delivery of finished explosives and reduce safety risks.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a static sensitizer of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a static emulsifier in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a water phase pump in the present invention.
  • the invention relates to an intrinsically safe emulsion explosive on-site charging vehicle, comprising an automobile chassis 17, wherein an equipment platform 16 is mounted on the upper part of the automobile chassis 17, and a water and oil phase storage and transportation system 2 is provided on the equipment platform 16, and the sensitizer is stored and transported.
  • water-oil phase storage and conveying system 2 includes water A phase storage delivery system and an oil phase storage delivery system, characterized in that the ends of the aqueous phase storage delivery system and the oil phase storage delivery system are respectively docked with a water phase inlet and an oil phase inlet of a static emulsifier, the static emulsifier outlet
  • the end of the delivery hose is docked
  • the end of the sensitizer delivery system is docked with the delivery hose head end
  • the static sensitizer is disposed at the end of the delivery hose.
  • the static emulsifier 12 includes an oil phase inlet 29, a water phase inlet 30, a flange barrel 31, an emulsified inner core 32, and an emulsifier outlet 33.
  • the inner cylinder has a sealing cavity formed between the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the flange cylinder, and the side wall of the flange cylinder is provided with a water phase inlet communicating with the sealing cavity, and the inner side of the inner cylinder is along the length direction thereof
  • At least a three-stage emulsified inner core is installed, the emulsified inner core 32 comprising an emulsification cylinder and an annular end plate fixed at both ends of the emulsification cylinder, the outer diameter of the annular end plate being the same as the inner diameter of the inner cylinder, and sealing contact, each of An end plate of the emulsified inner core 32 is provided with an orifice plate 36.
  • the orifice plate 36 is provided with a through hole.
  • the emulsified inner core 32 is provided with one end of the orifice plate 36 as an outlet end, and the outer wall of the emulsification cylinder and the emulsification cylinder
  • the end plates of the two ends and the inner wall of the inner cylinder form a cavity
  • the side wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of diversion holes having the same number of emulsified inner cores, and the diversion holes communicate with the cavity outside the emulsification cylinder, and the outer wall of the emulsification cylinder
  • At least two rows of injection holes are provided which are evenly distributed around their axes.
  • the static sensitizer 15 (see FIG. 3) comprises a cylindrical body, a connecting member and a two-stage sensitized inner core disposed in the cylindrical body, wherein the two-stage sensitized inner cores are respectively first
  • the sensitized inner core 38 and the second-stage sensitized inner core 39, the first-stage sensitized inner core 38 and the second-stage sensitized inner core 39 are identical in structure and each has a cylindrical structure closed at one end.
  • the inner cavity of the sensitized inner core is a mixing chamber 41, and the closed end of the sensitized inner core is provided with a dispersion hole 40 communicating with the mixing chamber 41, and the dispersion hole 40 is evenly arranged around the sensible inner core axis, and each The angle between the axis of the dispersion hole 40 and the axis of the sensitized inner core is 10-20, and the open ends of the first-stage sensitized inner core 38 and the second-stage sensitized inner core 39 are butted and then arranged in a cylindrical shape.
  • the body is a mixing chamber 41, and the closed end of the sensitized inner core is provided with a dispersion hole 40 communicating with the mixing chamber 41, and the dispersion hole 40 is evenly arranged around the sensible inner core axis, and each The angle between the axis of the dispersion hole 40 and the axis of the sensitized inner core is 10-20, and the open ends of the first-stage sensitized inner core 38 and the second-stage sensitized inner core 39 are
  • the water-oil phase storage delivery system 2 comprises a water phase tank 3, an oil phase tank 4, a water phase pump 7 (see Figure 5) and an oil phase pump 8 on which the water phase tank 3 is mounted
  • the oil phase tank 4 is mounted in the middle of the equipment platform 16
  • the water phase pump 7 and the oil phase pump 8 are mounted in the middle rear portion of the equipment platform 16, the water
  • the phase pump 7 is connected to the water phase tank 3 by means of a stainless steel tube, the outlet of which is connected to the water phase inlet 30 of the static emulsifier 12 by means of a stainless steel tube, said oil phase pump 8 being operated by means of a stainless steel tube
  • the oil phase tank 4 is connected, the oil phase pump 8 outlet is connected to the oil phase inlet 29 of the static emulsifier 12 by means of a stainless steel tube, the water phase pump 7 and the oil phase pump 8 are all driven by means of a hydraulic motor, in the present invention
  • the water phase pump 7 used includes a housing 42 and two rubber-coated rotors
  • the rubber-coated rotor 43 is non-rigid, eliminating unsafe factors during transportation and improving the safety of water phase transportation.
  • the water phase pump 7 is a screw pump, and is composed of a casing 42 and two rubber-coated rotors 43 and the like.
  • the rubber-coated rotor 43 is non-rigid, eliminating unsafe factors during transportation and improving the safety of water phase transportation. Sex.
  • the hydraulic system 13 includes: a hydraulic oil tank 1, a power take-off 18, a main oil pump 19, a sensitizer pump motor 21, a water phase pump motor 22, an oil phase pump motor 23, a throttle valve 24, and a pressure gauge 25.
  • a coiler motor 26 the hydraulic oil tank 1 is installed at the front of the equipment platform 16, the power take-off of the power take-off 18 is connected with the power input end of the main oil pump 19, and the oil pump port of the main oil pump 19 is The sensitizer pump motor 21, the water phase pump motor 22, the coiler motor 26, and the oil phase pump motor 23 are connected to the oil port by means of a hydraulic oil pipe connection.
  • the in-vehicle cleaning system includes a flushing water tank 10 installed in a middle portion of the equipment platform 16, and a water pump installed in a middle rear portion of the equipment platform 16, the water pump inlet It is connected to the outlet of the flushing water tank 10 through a stainless steel tube which is docked with the water phase pipe, the static emulsifier 12 water inlet and the inlet of the static sensitizer 15, respectively, through a stainless steel pipe and a valve.
  • the sensitizer storage delivery system 5 includes a sensitizer reservoir 6 and a sensitizer pump 11, the sensitizer storage tank 6 being mounted in the middle of the equipment platform 16, the sensitizer pump 11 is mounted on the side wall of the flushing water tank 10, the sensitizer tank 6 and the sensitizer pump 11 are connected by means of a stainless steel tube, and the outlet end of the sensitizer pump 11 is by means of a stainless steel tube and a static emulsifier 12 exits are connected.
  • the coiling device (see FIG. 1) includes a bracket and a reel and a joint provided at the tail of the equipment platform 16, and the main shaft of the reel is disposed on the bracket by means of a bearing, and the bracket is fixed A joint is provided, on which the transfer hose 20 is wound, the starting end of the transfer hose 20 abutting the joint outlet end, and the joint inlet end is docked with the outlet of the static emulsifier 12 by means of a stainless steel tube.
  • the automatic control system may be an automatic controller or the like in the prior art, or may be added with various transformed controllers such as a positioning system.
  • the automatic control system 14 includes a PLC module 27, an onboard GPS positioning system 28, the PLC module 27 is mounted at the tail of the equipment platform 16, and the onboard GPS positioning system 28 is installed in a cab of a car.
  • the on-site charging vehicle carrying the water phase material, the oil phase material, the sensitizer and the like is driven to the blasting site, and is stopped at the edge of the drilled hole to ensure that the conveying hose can be injected according to the depth of the blasthole.
  • the coiler motor 26 is started, the end of the conveying hose 20 (installation static sensitizer) is placed in the blasthole, the oil phase pump 8 and the water phase pump 7 are activated, and the two materials are emulsified in the static emulsifier 12, Water phase pump 8 and oil phase pump Under the pressure of 7, the latex matrix is fed into the delivery hose 20, and the sensitizer pump 11 is activated.
  • the static sensitizer 15 is provided with a first-stage static sensitized inner core 38 and a second-stage static sensitized inner core 39.
  • the two-stage sensitized inner core is provided with a plurality of dispersion holes 40 and a mixing chamber 41, a latex matrix and The sensitizer is thoroughly mixed in the static sensitizer 15 to form a sensitized emulsion explosive that enters the bottom of the blasthole and waits for blasting.
  • the water phase pump 7, the oil phase pump 8, and the sensitizer pump 11 are sequentially turned off. Thereafter, the coiler motor 26 is turned on, and the delivery hose 20 is advanced into the next blasthole to repeat the emulsification operation.
  • the vehicle flushing system 9 is turned on, and the water phase pipe, the static emulsifier 12, and the static sensitizer 15 are flushed for the next use. After the completion, the truck will be driven out of the work area.
  • the static static emulsifier 12 of the present invention is composed of an oil phase inlet 29, a water phase inlet 30, a multi-stage emulsified inner core 32 (the present invention is provided with five stages, but not limited to five stages), a flange cylinder 31 and an emulsifier outlet 33.
  • the specific emulsification process is:
  • the oil phase from the oil phase tank 4 is passed from the oil phase pump 8 to the emulsified inner core 32 from the initial end of the oil phase inlet 29 of the static emulsifier 12 according to the proportion of the emulsion explosive; the water phase is sent from the water phase tank 3 by the water phase pump 7 according to the explosive ratio.
  • the aqueous phase is ejected from the injection holes 35 distributed on the emulsified inner core 32 of the static emulsifier 12 at a certain flow rate and pressure, and the emulsified inner core 32 is mixed with the oil phase, and the mixture is emulsified.
  • the inner core 32 end face plate 36 is sprayed at a certain flow rate to form a first stage coarse milk; part of the aqueous phase material which is separated from the water phase inlet 30 by the sprayed material is again mixed in the secondary emulsified inner core 32, and is secondarily emulsified.
  • the end face plate 36 of the inner core 32 is ejected at a certain flow rate to form a secondary emulsification; thus, after multiple stages of repetition, mixing, shearing, etc., an emulsified colloid is finally formed, and the method of producing the milk has no mechanical agitation and mechanical means. Cut and run safely.
  • the static sensitizer 15 of the present invention is composed of a first-stage sensitized inner core 38 and a second-stage sensitized inner core 39, and is fixed to the transport by a connecting member 37.
  • the tail portion of the hose 20 is placed into the blast hole together with the delivery hose 20 when the blast hole is injected, and a plurality of dispersion holes 40 are distributed on the two-stage sensitized inner core, and the colloid and the sensitizer are passed through the dispersion hole 40. After being uniformly dispersed, it is sent to the mixing chamber 41, and then again dispersed again by the dispersion holes of the second sensitized inner core to achieve uniform mixing.
  • This sensitization method has no mechanical agitation and does not cause mechanical shearing and mechanical collision of materials, so the sensitization process is safe.
  • the invention Compared with the existing emulsified mixed truck, the invention has no high-speed stirring emulsifier and no stirring sensitizer in the whole operation process, and the emulsification and sensitization processes in the operation process are all completed by static emulsification and static sensitization.
  • the safety of the milk making process and the sensitization process are improved, and the rotary colloid pump such as the screw pump of the present invention is transported, and the screw pump injection system is eliminated, so that the injection system is also safer, and the intrinsically safe on-site emulsion explosive is mixed. car.
  • the present invention can produce the following technical effects by adopting the above technical means:
  • the present invention places the sensitizing device at the end of the conveying hose.
  • the sensitizer at the end of the conveying hose is first placed into the blasthole, and then the hydraulic system is opened for emulsification, and at the same time, after emulsification
  • the latex matrix and sensitizer are sent to the sensitizer through the transfer hose for sensitization, and the shape of the blasthole is not a finished emulsion explosive, which greatly reduces the safety risk, although the sensitizer and the emulsified latex matrix are passed through the transfer hose.
  • the conveying is carried out, but the mixing device is not provided during the conveying process, so that the sensitized emulsion explosive is not formed in the conveying hose.
  • the emulsifier used in the present invention is a static emulsifier.
  • the oil phase is transported into the emulsifier using an oil phase pump, and the oil phase is set on the emulsified inner cylinder through the emulsified cylinder of the emulsified inner core.
  • the injection hole is transported by the water phase pump to the water phase inlet of the static emulsifier, and enters the cavity outside the emulsification cylinder corresponding to each stage of the emulsified inner core through the split hole, and the water phase entering the cavity enters through the injection hole.
  • the oil phase is physically stirred in the emulsification cylinder, and the coarsely emulsified matrix which has been physically stirred is further mixed through the orifice plate and then enters the next-stage emulsified inner core.
  • a five-stage inner core is provided to thoroughly mix the water phase and the oil phase. Shape As a uniform latex matrix, since it is mainly stirred by the spray force of the water phase during the emulsification process, there is no mechanical shearing and mechanical friction, which greatly reduces the safety risk.
  • the sensitizer used in the present invention is a static sensitizer, and the latex matrix conveyed by the conveying hose is in the conveying hose, but in the conveying hose, a mixing or stirring device, a latex matrix and
  • the sensitizer is only transported forward under the pressure of the water phase pump, the oil phase pump and the sensitizer pump, and is carried out in a sealed environment with a low safety risk, after the latex matrix and sensitizer enter the sensitizer Dispersing holes disposed on the two-stage sensitized inner core are dispersed, and the dispersed mixture is mixed into the mixing chamber, and the mixture is sensitized through the mixture of the second-stage sensitized inner core, and the finished emulsion explosive is sent into the blasthole, at the last The link is sensitized to avoid direct delivery of finished explosives and reduce safety risks.

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Abstract

一种本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，其关键改进在于采用静态乳化器（12）和静态敏化器（15）进行乳化和敏化，所述静态乳化器（12）出口端对接输送软管，所述敏化器储存输送系统末端与输送软管首端对接，所述静态敏化器（15）设于输送软管末端；其优点在于：将敏化器设于输送软管端部，随同输送软管一并放入炮孔内，在炮孔内进行敏化，形成成品乳化炸药，避免成品乳化炸药的输送，降低安全风险，另外一方面，该装药车所使用的乳化器和敏化器均为静态结构，在乳化和敏化过程中不存在剪切和机械摩擦，降低感度，防止在生产过程中产生爆炸，确保生产安全。

Description

本安型乳化炸药现场装药车 技术领域
本发明属爆破装备技术领域，涉及一种本安型乳化炸药现场装药车。
背景技术
乳化炸药是20世纪70年代才发展起来的新产品，1969年美国的Blabm首先比较全面地阐述了乳化炸药技术，最早的乳化炸药是非雷管敏感的，使用时必须借助中继起爆药来引爆，后来，随着对乳化炸药研究的深入，后期研究出来的乳化炸药同样具有雷管感度，而且具有很好的抗水性，其爆炸性能好，机械感度低以及安全性好等优点，同时成本低于水胶炸药，从世界范围来看，散装乳化炸药及其混装车，已经得到广泛应用，随着我国对生产安全的重视程度逐步提高，散装炸药由于在运输过程中存在安全风险，其已经适于矿山或者矿井生产过程中的爆炸物，目前在矿山以及矿井生产中基本使用现场混装车进行混装，混装车在生产过程中不会产生成品炸药，直到最后装入炮孔前10分钟才经过敏化反应成为成品炸药，虽然避免了散装乳化炸药在运输过程中存在的危险因素，但是，现有的混装车在生产过程中仍然存在安全风险。
现场混装车混装炸药的主要组分为水相、油相和敏化剂等，水相溶液从水相泵流出后经过水相流量计进入乳化器，油相液从邮箱泵流出后经过油相流量计进入乳化器，水相和油相在乳化器中经过高速搅拌形成乳胶基质，敏化剂从敏化剂泵流出后经敏化剂流量计进入混合器，同时乳胶基质叶进入混合器与敏化剂混合，混合后的药浆靠自重落入螺杆泵料斗内，最后靠螺杆泵的压力将药浆压入炮孔；在实际混装过程中由于乳胶基质与敏化剂在混合器内的混合使一部分基质已发泡形成炸药，具有一定的感度，现有的混合器属于强制搅拌设备，当金属杂质等物体进入混合器后，存在因摩擦产生热聚集而发生危险的可能；同时使用螺杆泵泵送的介质已经是成品乳化炸药，由于螺杆泵的结构原理以及 民爆行业对于螺杆泵长期使用的经验可知，用螺杆泵泵送成品乳化炸药存在极大安全隐患，大大降低了乳化炸药混装车的整体安全性，也曾引起多起爆炸事故，造成一定程度的人员伤害。
发明内容
本发明为解决现在技术中的问题，提供一种本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，整个乳化过程和敏化过程均采用静态装置，避免在乳化和敏化过程中产生机械摩擦而存在的文献因素，同时将敏化剂和乳胶基质在设于输送软管末端的敏化器内进行静态混合，只有在炮孔内才能形成成品乳化炸药，大大降低安全风险，避免造成人身伤害。
本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现：
一种本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，包括汽车底盘，在汽车底盘上部安装设备平台，在所述设备平台上装有水油相储存输送系统、敏化剂储存输送系统、车载清洗系统、静态乳化器、液压系统、自动控制系统、静态敏化器以及卷管装置，卷管装置上缠绕输送软管，水油相储存输送系统包括水相储存输送系统和油相储存输送系统，其关键改进在于：所述水相储存输送系统和油相储存输送系统末端分别与静态乳化器的水相入口和油相入口对接，所述静态乳化器出口端对接输送软管，所述敏化器储存输送系统末端与输送软管首端对接，所述静态敏化器设于输送软管末端。
优选的，所述的静态乳化器包括油相进口、水相进口、法兰筒、乳化内芯和乳化器出口，所述法兰筒内设有内筒，所述内筒外壁与法兰筒内壁之间形成密封空腔，所述法兰筒侧壁上设有和密封空腔连通的水相进口，所述内筒内侧沿其长度方向至少安装三级乳化内芯，所述乳化内芯包括乳化筒和固定在乳化筒两端的环状端板，所述环状端板外径与内筒内径相同、且密封接触，所述每个乳化内芯的一块端板上设有孔板，孔板上阵列有通孔，所述乳化内芯设有孔板的一端为出口端，所述乳化筒外壁、乳化筒两端的端板和内筒的内壁形成腔体， 所述内筒侧壁上设有数量和乳化内芯数量相同的分流孔、且分流孔与乳化筒外侧的腔体连通，所述乳化筒外壁上设有绕其轴线均布的至少两列喷射孔。
优选的，所述静态敏化器包括筒状本体、连接件和设于筒状本体内的两级敏化内芯，所述两级敏化内芯分别为第一级敏化内芯和第二级敏化内芯，所述第一级敏化内芯和第二级敏化内芯结构相同、且均为一端封闭的圆筒状结构，所述敏化内芯的内腔为混合腔，所述敏化内芯封闭端设有与混合腔连通的分散孔，所述分散孔绕敏化内芯轴线均匀布置、且每个分散孔的轴线与敏化内芯的轴线之间夹角为‐°，所述第一级敏化内芯和第二级敏化内芯的开口端对接后设于筒状本体内。
优选的，所述水油相储存输送系统包括水相罐、油相罐、水相泵和油相泵，所述水相罐安装在所述设备平台的前部，所述油相罐安装在所述设备平台的中部，所述水相泵和所述油相泵安装在所述设备平台的中后部，所述水相泵与水相罐之间借助于不锈钢管连接，所述水相泵出口借助于不锈钢管与静态乳化器的水相进口连接，所述油相泵借助于不锈钢管与油相罐连接，所述油相泵出口借助于不锈钢管与静态乳化器的油相进口连接，所述水相泵和油相泵均借助于液压马达驱动。
所述水相泵为螺旋泵，由壳体、两个包胶转子等部件构成，其包胶转子为非刚性，消除了输送时的不安全因素，提高了水相输送的安全性。
优选的，所述液压系统包括：液压油箱、取力器、主油泵、敏化剂泵马达、水相泵马达、油相泵马达、节流阀、压力表和卷管机马达，所述液压油箱安装在所述设备平台的前部，所述取力器动力输出端与主油泵动力输入端连接，所述主油泵出油口与所述敏化剂泵马达、水相泵马达、卷管机马达和油相泵马达进油口借助于液压油管连接。
优选的，所述车载清洗系统包括冲洗水箱和水泵，所述冲洗水箱安装在所述设备平台的中部，所述水泵安装在所述设备平台的中后部，所述水泵进水口通过不锈钢管与冲洗水箱出口连接，所述水泵出口通过不锈钢管和阀门分别与水相管道、静态乳化器进水口和静态敏化器入口处对接。
优选的，所述敏化剂储存输送系统包括敏化剂储罐和敏化剂泵，所述敏化剂储罐安装在所述设备平台的中部，所述敏化剂泵安装在所述冲洗水箱的侧壁上，所述敏化剂储罐和敏化剂泵借助于不锈钢管连接，所述敏化剂泵出口端借助于不锈钢管与静态乳化器出口处连接。
优选的，所述卷管装置包括设于所述设备平台尾部的支架和卷筒以及接头，所述卷筒的主轴借助于轴承设于支架上，所述支架上固定设有接头，所述卷筒上缠绕输送软管，所述输送软管起始端与接头出口端对接，所述接头入口端借助于不锈钢管与静态乳化器出口对接。
所述自动控制系统包括：PLC模块、车载GPS定位系统，所述PLC模块安装在所述设备平台的尾部，所述车载GPS定位系统安装在汽车驾驶室内。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下显著的优点：
(一)、本发明将敏化装置设置在输送软管的末端，在具体操作过程中，首先将输送软管末端的敏化器置入炮孔，然后开启液压系统进行乳化，同时将乳化后的乳胶基质和敏化剂通过输送软管输送至敏化器进行敏化，在炮孔外形不成成品乳化炸药，大大降低安全风险，虽然将敏化剂和乳化后的乳胶基质均通过输送软管进行输送，但是在输送过程中并未设置混合装置，所以，在输送软管内形不成敏化后的乳化炸药。
(二)、本发明中使用的乳化器为静态乳化器，在乳化过程中，将油相使用油相泵输送至乳化器内，油相通过乳化内芯的乳化筒，在乳化内筒上设置喷射孔，水相通过水相泵输送至静态乳化器的水相进口，并通过分流孔进入每一级 乳化内芯对应的乳化筒外侧的空腔内，进入空腔的水相通过喷射孔进入乳化筒内对油相进行物理搅拌，经过物理搅拌的粗乳化基质通过孔板后进一步混合，并进入下一级乳化内芯，本发明中设置五级内芯，使水相和油相充分混合，形成均匀的乳胶基质，由于在乳化过程中主要是借助于水相的喷射力进行搅拌，不存在机械剪切和机械摩擦，大大降低安全风险。
(三)、本发明中使用的敏化器为静态敏化器，同时通过输送软管进行输送的乳胶基质在输送软管内，但是在输送软管内为设置混合或者搅拌装置，乳胶基质和敏化剂只是在水相泵、油相泵和敏化剂泵的压力下向前输送，而且是在密封环境下进行的，安全风险低，在乳胶基质和敏化剂进入敏化器后通过设置在两级敏化内芯上的分散孔进行分散，分散后的混合物进入混合腔混合，经过第二级敏化内芯的混合物完成敏化，成为成品乳化炸药送入炮孔，在最后一个环节完成敏化，避免直接输送成品炸药，降低安全风险。
附图说明
图1本发明的主视图；
图2是图1的俯视图；
图3是本发明中静态敏化器结构示意图；
图4是本发明中静态乳化器结构示意图；
图5是本发明中水相泵结构示意图；
在附图中：1、液压油箱；2、水油相储存输送系统；3、水相罐；4、油相罐；5、敏化剂储存输送系统；6、敏化剂储罐；7、水相泵；8、油相泵；9、车载清洗系统；10、清洗水箱；11、敏化剂泵；12、静态乳化器；13、液压系统；14、自动控制系统；15、静态敏化器；16、设备平台；17、汽车底盘；18、取力器；19、主油泵；20、输送软管；21、敏化剂泵马达；22、水相泵马达；23、油相泵马达；24、节流阀；25、压力表；26、卷管机马达；27、PLC模块；28、车载GPS定位系统；29、油相入口；30、水相入口；31、法兰筒；32、乳化内 芯；33、乳化器出口；34、分流孔；35、喷射孔；36、孔板；37、连接件；38、第一级敏化内芯；39、第二级敏化内芯；40、分散孔；41、混合腔；42壳体；43、包胶转子。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
参见图1至图5。
本发明一种本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，包括汽车底盘17，在汽车底盘17上部安装设备平台16，在所述设备平台16上装有水油相储存输送系统2、敏化剂储存输送系统5、车载清洗系统9、静态乳化器12、液压系统13、自动控制系统14、静态敏化器15以及卷管装置，卷管装置上缠绕输送软管，水油相储存输送系统2包括水相储存输送系统和油相储存输送系统，其特征在于：所述水相储存输送系统和油相储存输送系统末端分别与静态乳化器的水相入口和油相入口对接，所述静态乳化器出口端对接输送软管，所述敏化器储存输送系统末端与输送软管首端对接，所述静态敏化器设于输送软管末端。
优选的，所述的静态乳化器12(参见附图4)包括油相进口29、水相进口30、法兰筒31、乳化内芯32和乳化器出口33，所述法兰筒31内设有内筒，所述内筒外壁与法兰筒内壁之间形成密封空腔，所述法兰筒侧壁上设有和密封空腔连通的水相进口，所述内筒内侧沿其长度方向至少安装三级乳化内芯，所述乳化内芯32包括乳化筒和固定在乳化筒两端的环状端板，所述环状端板外径与内筒内径相同、且密封接触，所述每个乳化内芯32的一块端板上设有孔板36，孔板36上阵列有通孔，所述乳化内芯32设有孔板36的一端为出口端，所述乳化筒外壁、乳化筒两端的端板和内筒的内壁形成腔体，所述内筒侧壁上设有数量和乳化内芯数量相同的分流孔、且分流孔与乳化筒外侧的腔体连通，所述乳化筒外壁上设有绕其轴线均布的至少两列喷射孔。
优选的，所述静态敏化器15(参见附图3)包括筒状本体、连接件和设于筒状本体内的两级敏化内芯，所述两级敏化内芯分别为第一级敏化内芯38和第二级敏化内芯39，所述第一级敏化内芯38和第二级敏化内芯39结构相同、且均为一端封闭的圆筒状结构，所述敏化内芯的内腔为混合腔41，所述敏化内芯封闭端设有与混合腔41连通的分散孔40，所述分散孔40绕敏化内芯轴线均匀布置、且每个分散孔40的轴线与敏化内芯的轴线之间夹角为10‐20°，所述第一级敏化内芯38和第二级敏化内芯39的开口端对接后设于筒状本体内。
优选的，所述水油相储存输送系统2包括水相罐3、油相罐4、水相泵7(参见附图5)和油相泵8，所述水相罐3安装在所述设备平台16的前部，所述油相罐4安装在所述设备平台16的中部，所述水相泵7和所述油相泵8安装在所述设备平台16的中后部，所述水相泵7与水相罐3之间借助于不锈钢管连接，所述水相泵7出口借助于不锈钢管与静态乳化器12的水相进口30连接，所述油相泵8借助于不锈钢管与油相罐4连接，所述油相泵8出口借助于不锈钢管与静态乳化器12的油相进口29连接，所述水相泵7和油相泵8均借助于液压马达驱动，本发明中采用的水相泵7包括壳体42和两个包胶转子43等部件，包胶转子43为非刚性，消除了输送时的不安全因素，提高了水相输送的安全性。所述水相泵7为螺旋泵，由壳体42、两个包胶转子43等部件构成，其包胶转子43为非刚性，消除了输送时的不安全因素，提高了水相输送的安全性。
优选的，所述液压系统13包括：液压油箱1、取力器18、主油泵19、敏化剂泵马达21、水相泵马达22、油相泵马达23、节流阀24、压力表25和卷管机马达26，所述液压油箱1安装在所述设备平台16的前部，所述取力器18动力输出端与主油泵19动力输入端连接，所述主油泵19出油口与所述敏化剂泵马达21、水相泵马达22、卷管机马达26和油相泵马达23进油口借助于液压油管 连接。
优选的，所述车载清洗系统包括冲洗水箱10和水泵，所述冲洗水箱10安装在所述设备平台16的中部，所述水泵安装在所述设备平台16的中后部，所述水泵进水口通过不锈钢管与冲洗水箱10出口连接，所述水泵出口通过不锈钢管和阀门分别与水相管道、静态乳化器12进水口和静态敏化器15入口处对接。
优选的，所述敏化剂储存输送系统5包括敏化剂储罐6和敏化剂泵11，所述敏化剂储罐6安装在所述设备平台16的中部，所述敏化剂泵11安装在所述冲洗水箱10的侧壁上，所述敏化剂储罐6和敏化剂泵11借助于不锈钢管连接，所述敏化剂泵11出口端借助于不锈钢管与静态乳化器12出口处连接。
优选的，所述卷管装置(参见附图1)包括设于所述设备平台16尾部的支架和卷筒以及接头，所述卷筒的主轴借助于轴承设于支架上，所述支架上固定设有接头，所述卷筒上缠绕输送软管20，所述输送软管20起始端与接头出口端对接，所述接头入口端借助于不锈钢管与静态乳化器12出口对接。
所述自动控制系统可为现有技术中的自动控制器之类，也可加上定位系统等各种变换的控制器。
优选的，所述自动控制系统14包括：PLC模块27、车载GPS定位系统28，所述PLC模块27安装在所述设备平台16的尾部，所述车载GPS定位系统28安装在汽车驾驶室内。
本发明的工作原理与过程如下:
将载有水相材料、油相材料、敏化剂等物料的现场装药车行驶到爆破现场，停靠在已经钻好的炮孔边，确保输送软管能够按照炮孔的深度进行注药，启动卷管机马达26，将输送软管20的末端(安装静态敏化器)放入炮孔内，启动油相泵8、水相泵7，两种物料在静态乳化器12内乳化，在水相泵8和油相泵 7的压力作用下，乳胶基质被送入输送软管20，启动敏化剂泵11，在压力作用下，敏化剂和乳胶基质一起被推送到输送软管的尾部的静态敏化器15内，静态敏化器15内安装有第一级静态敏化内芯38和第二级静态敏化内芯39，两级敏化内芯上分布多个分散孔40和混合腔41，乳胶基质和敏化剂在静态敏化器15内进行充分混合，形成敏化后的乳化炸药进入炮孔底部，等待爆破。
炮孔填装完成后，依次关闭水相泵7、油相泵8、敏化剂泵11。之后开启卷管机马达26，将输送软管20深入下一个炮孔，重复乳化操作。
待作业完成后，开启车载冲洗系统9，将水相管道、静态乳化器12、静态敏化器15进行冲洗，以备下次使用。完成之后将混装车开出作业区。
参见附图4是该发明静态乳化器的机构示意图。本发明中德静态乳化器12由油相入口29、水相入口30、多级乳化内芯32(本发明设置五级，但不限于五级)、法兰筒31和乳化器出口33组成，其具体乳化过程是：
油相自油相罐4由油相泵8按乳化炸药比例从静态乳化器12油相入口29的起始端进入乳化内芯32；水相自水相罐3由水相泵7按炸药比例送入水相入口30，水相从分布在静态乳化器12的乳化内芯32上的喷射孔35以一定流速和压力喷出，进入乳化内芯32与油相进行混合，两者混合物再经乳化内芯32端面孔板36以一定流速喷出，形成一级粗乳；喷出物再与水相入口30分流来的部分水相物料在二级乳化内芯32再次混合，并经二级乳化内芯32的端面孔板36以一定流速喷射出，形成二级乳化；这样经过多级重复的、混合、剪切等作用下，最终形成乳化胶体，这种制乳的方法无机械搅拌和机械剪切，运行安全。
参见附图3是该发明静态敏化器的机构示意图。本发明中的静态敏化器15由第一级敏化内芯38和第二级敏化内芯39组成，并通过连接件37固定在输送 软管20的尾部，向炮孔注药时连同输送软管20一起被放入炮孔，两级敏化内芯上分布着多个分散孔40，胶体和敏化剂通过分散孔40时被均匀分散后送入混合腔41，然后再次被第二个敏化内芯的分散孔再次分散从而达到均匀混合的目的。这种敏化方式没有机械搅拌，不会产生物料机械剪切和机械碰撞，所以敏化过程安全。
本发明与现有的乳化混装车相比，整个运行过程，没有高速搅拌乳化器，没有搅拌敏化装置，运行过程中的乳化和敏化过程全部采用静态乳化和静态敏化来完成，大大提高了制乳、敏化过程的安全性，同时本发明无螺杆泵等旋转胶体泵输送，并取消了螺杆泵注药系统，使得注药系统也更安全，是本质安全的现场乳化炸药混装车。
本发明本安型乳化炸药现场混装车的具体实施操作方法：
总之，本发明通过采用以上技术手段，能够产生如下技术效果：
(一)、本发明将敏化装置设置在输送软管的末端，在具体操作过程中，首先将输送软管末端的敏化器置入炮孔，然后开启液压系统进行乳化，同时将乳化后的乳胶基质和敏化剂通过输送软管输送至敏化器进行敏化，在炮孔外形不成成品乳化炸药，大大降低安全风险，虽然将敏化剂和乳化后的乳胶基质均通过输送软管进行输送，但是在输送过程中并未设置混合装置，所以，在输送软管内形不成敏化后的乳化炸药。
(二)、本发明中使用的乳化器为静态乳化器，在乳化过程中，将油相使用油相泵输送至乳化器内，油相通过乳化内芯的乳化筒，在乳化内筒上设置喷射孔，水相通过水相泵输送至静态乳化器的水相进口，并通过分流孔进入每一级乳化内芯对应的乳化筒外侧的空腔内，进入空腔的水相通过喷射孔进入乳化筒内对油相进行物理搅拌，经过物理搅拌的粗乳化基质通过孔板后进一步混合，并进入下一级乳化内芯，本发明中设置五级内芯，使水相和油相充分混合，形 成均匀的乳胶基质，由于在乳化过程中主要是借助于水相的喷射力进行搅拌，不存在机械剪切和机械摩擦，大大降低安全风险。
(三)、本发明中使用的敏化器为静态敏化器，同时通过输送软管进行输送的乳胶基质在输送软管内，但是在输送软管内为设置混合或者搅拌装置，乳胶基质和敏化剂只是在水相泵、油相泵和敏化剂泵的压力下向前输送，而且是在密封环境下进行的，安全风险低，在乳胶基质和敏化剂进入敏化器后通过设置在两级敏化内芯上的分散孔进行分散，分散后的混合物进入混合腔混合，经过第二级敏化内芯的混合物完成敏化，成为成品乳化炸药送入炮孔，在最后一个环节完成敏化，避免直接输送成品炸药，降低安全风险。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，其特征在于：包括汽车底盘(17)，在汽车底盘(17)上部安装设备平台(16)，在所述设备平台(16)上装有水油相储存输送系统(2)、敏化剂储存输送系统(5)、车载清洗系统(9)、静态乳化器(12)、液压系统(13)、自动控制系统(14)、静态敏化器(15)以及卷管装置，卷管装置上缠绕输送软管，水油相储存输送系统(2)包括水相储存输送系统和油相储存输送系统，所述水相储存输送系统和油相储存输送系统末端分别与静态乳化器的水相入口和油相入口对接，所述静态乳化器出口端对接输送软管，所述敏化器储存输送系统末端与输送软管首端对接，所述静态敏化器设于输送软管末端。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，其特征在于：所述的静态乳化器(12)包括油相进口(29)、水相进口(30)、法兰筒(31)、乳化内芯(32)和乳化器出口(33)，所述法兰筒(31)内设有内筒，所述内筒外壁与法兰筒内壁之间形成密封空腔，所述法兰筒侧壁上设有和密封空腔连通的水相进口，所述内筒内侧沿其长度方向至少安装三级乳化内芯，所述乳化内芯(32)包括乳化筒和固定在乳化筒两端的环状端板，所述环状端板外径与内筒内径相同、且密封接触，所述每个乳化内芯(32)的一块端板上设有孔板(36)，孔板(36)上阵列有通孔，所述乳化内芯(32)设有孔板(36)的一端为出口端，所述乳化筒外壁、乳化筒两端的端板和内筒的内壁形成腔体，所述内筒侧壁上设有数量和乳化内芯数量相同的分流孔、且分流孔与乳化筒外侧的腔体连通，所述乳化筒外壁上设有绕其轴线均布的至少两列喷射孔。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，其特征在于：所述静态敏化器(15)包括筒状本体、连接件和设于筒状本体内的两级敏化内芯，所述两级敏化内芯分别为第一级敏化内芯(38)和第二级敏化内芯(39)，所述第一级敏化内芯(38)和第二级敏化内芯(39)结构相同、且均为一端封闭的圆 筒状结构，所述敏化内芯的内腔为混合腔(41)，所述敏化内芯封闭端设有与混合腔(41)连通的分散孔(40)，所述分散孔(40)绕敏化内芯轴线均匀布置、且每个分散孔(40)的轴线与敏化内芯的轴线之间夹角为10‐20°，所述第一级敏化内芯(38)和第二级敏化内芯(39)的开口端对接后设于筒状本体内。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，其特征在于：所述水油相储存输送系统(2)包括水相罐(3)、油相罐(4)、水相泵(7)和油相泵(8)，所述水相罐(3)安装在所述设备平台(16)的前部，所述油相罐(4)安装在所述设备平台(16)的中部，所述水相泵(7)和所述油相泵(8)安装在所述设备平台(16)的中后部，所述水相泵(7)与水相罐(3)之间借助于不锈钢管连接，所述水相泵(7)出口借助于不锈钢管与静态乳化器(12)的水相进口(30)连接，所述油相泵(8)借助于不锈钢管与油相罐(4)连接，所述油相泵(8)出口借助于不锈钢管与静态乳化器(12)的油相进口(29)连接，所述水相泵(7)和油相泵(8)均借助于液压马达驱动。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，其特征在于：所述水相泵(7)为螺旋泵，由壳体(42)、两个包胶转子(43)等部件构成。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，其特征在于：所述液压系统(13)包括：液压油箱(1)、取力器(18)、主油泵(19)、敏化剂泵马达(21)、水相泵马达(22)、油相泵马达(23)、节流阀(24)、压力表(25)和卷管机马达(26)，所述液压油箱(1)安装在所述设备平台(16)的前部，所述取力器(18)动力输出端与主油泵(19)动力输入端连接，所述主油泵(19)出油口与所述敏化剂泵马达(21)、水相泵马达(22)、卷管机马达(26)和油相泵马达(23)进油口借助于液压油管连接。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，其特征在于：所述车 载清洗系统包括冲洗水箱(10)和水泵，所述冲洗水箱(10)安装在所述设备平台(16)的中部，所述水泵安装在所述设备平台(16)的中后部，所述水泵进水口通过不锈钢管与冲洗水箱(10)出口连接，所述水泵出口通过不锈钢管和阀门分别与水相管道、静态乳化器(12)进水口和静态敏化器(15)入口处对接。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，其特征在于：所述敏化剂储存输送系统(5)包括敏化剂储罐(6)和敏化剂泵(11)，所述敏化剂储罐(6)安装在所述设备平台(16)的中部，所述敏化剂泵(11)安装在所述冲洗水箱(10)的侧壁上，所述敏化剂储罐(6)和敏化剂泵(11)借助于不锈钢管连接，所述敏化剂泵(11)出口端借助于不锈钢管与静态乳化器(12)出口处连接。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，其特征在于：所述卷管装置包括设于所述设备平台(16)尾部的支架和卷筒以及接头，所述卷筒的主轴借助于轴承设于支架上，所述支架上固定设有接头，所述卷筒上缠绕输送软管(20)，所述输送软管(20)起始端与接头出口端对接，所述接头入口端借助于不锈钢管与静态乳化器(12)出口对接。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的本安型乳化炸药现场装药车，其特征在于：所述自动控制系统(14)包括：PLC模块(27)、车载GPS定位系统(28)，所述PLC模块(27)安装在所述设备平台(16)的尾部，所述车载GPS定位系统(28)安装在汽车驾驶室内。
PCT/CN2014/087504 2014-09-26 2014-09-26 本安型乳化炸药现场装药车 WO2016045078A1 (zh)

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CN110229040A (zh) * 2019-06-17 2019-09-13 深圳市金奥博科技股份有限公司 料仓及混装炸药车
CN113671145A (zh) * 2021-07-07 2021-11-19 石家庄成功机电有限公司 一种在线检测静态乳化炸药乳化质量的方法
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CN110229040B (zh) * 2019-06-17 2023-12-05 深圳市金奥博科技股份有限公司 料仓及混装炸药车
CN113671145A (zh) * 2021-07-07 2021-11-19 石家庄成功机电有限公司 一种在线检测静态乳化炸药乳化质量的方法
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CN115406318B (zh) * 2022-08-11 2023-05-26 河南理工大学 一种控制隧道周边爆破超挖的减振装药组件

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