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WO2016026380A1 - 艾德拉尼的制备方法 - Google Patents

艾德拉尼的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2016026380A1
WO2016026380A1 PCT/CN2015/085706 CN2015085706W WO2016026380A1 WO 2016026380 A1 WO2016026380 A1 WO 2016026380A1 CN 2015085706 W CN2015085706 W CN 2015085706W WO 2016026380 A1 WO2016026380 A1 WO 2016026380A1
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reaction
amino
preparing
substitution reaction
acid
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许学农
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苏州明锐医药科技有限公司
哲人药业南京有限公司
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Priority to KR1020177007729A priority Critical patent/KR101934096B1/ko
Publication of WO2016026380A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016026380A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D473/00Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems
    • C07D473/26Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with an oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atom directly attached in position 2 or 6, but not in both
    • C07D473/32Nitrogen atom
    • C07D473/34Nitrogen atom attached in position 6, e.g. adenine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/519Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/52Purines, e.g. adenine

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis route design and preparation technology of raw materials and intermediates, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a drug Adrini for treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
  • Idelalisib is a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor developed by Icos Corporation, Gilead Sciences. The drug was approved by the US FDA in July 2014 for the treatment of three B-cell blood cancers: combined with rituximab in the treatment of relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), as a monotherapy for recurrent follicular B cells.
  • CLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • Idelalisib 5-fluoro-3-phenyl-2-[(1S)-1-(9H-indol-6-ylamino)propyl]-4(3H)-quina Oxazolinone (I), its structural formula is:
  • the preparation method of Adraran has been reported.
  • the PCT patent WO2005113554 of the American company Aikesi reported the synthesis method of Adraran and its analogs. The method comprises the steps of: synthesizing a quinazolinone ring, and coupling the obtained intermediate to bromo oxime to prepare Adrani (I).
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of Adrini which is easy to obtain raw materials, simple in process, economical and environmentally friendly, and suitable for industrial production.
  • the present invention adopts the following main technical solutions: a preparation method of Adraran (I),
  • the preparation step comprises the following steps: R-2-hydroxybutyrate (II) and 6-amino-9H-indole are subjected to nucleophilic substitution reaction under the action of a leaving reagent and an acid binding agent to form an intermediate S-2-(N- 9H-indol-6-yl)aminobutyrate (III), intermediate S-2-(N-9H-indol-6-yl)aminobutyrate (III) and 2-formic acid-3-fluoroaniline Amidation reaction under the action of a catalyst to form the intermediate S-2-(N-9H-indol-6-yl)amino-N-(2-formic acid-3-fluorophenyl)butanamide (IV), intermediate S- 2-(N-9H- ⁇ -6-yl)amino-N-(2-formic acid-3-fluorophenyl)butanamide (IV) undergoes a cyclization reaction in acetic anhydride, followed by a substitution reaction with aniline to obtain
  • the ester group (R 1 ) in the starting material R-2-hydroxybutyrate (II) is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a benzyl group, preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
  • the molar ratio of the nucleophilic substitution reaction starting material R-2-hydroxybutyrate (II) to 6-amino-9H-indole is: 1:0.5-1.5, preferably 1:0.8-1.2, more preferably 1:1 .
  • the leaving reagent for the nucleophilic substitution reaction is methylsulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, p-toluenesulfonyl chloride or trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride, preferably methylsulfonyl chloride or p-toluenesulfonyl chloride.
  • the acid binding agent of the nucleophilic substitution reaction is triethylamine, pyridine, N-methylmorpholine, diisopropylethylamine or 4-dimethylaminopyridine, preferably triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine.
  • the solvent for the nucleophilic substitution reaction is dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran or N,N-dimethylformamide, preferably dichloromethane or N,N-dimethylformamide.
  • the temperature of the nucleophilic substitution reaction is 0 to 60 ° C, preferably 10 to 30 ° C.
  • the catalyst for the amidation reaction is sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium t-butoxide, sodium t-butoxide, sodium amide, n-butyllithium, trimethylaluminum, ethylmagnesium bromide or hexamethyldisilazide.
  • Base sodium preferably trimethyl aluminum or n-butyl lithium.
  • the solvent for the amidation reaction is n-hexane, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane or N,N-dimethylformamide, preferably n-hexane or dichloromethane.
  • the temperature of the amidation reaction is from 0 to 100 ° C, preferably from 40 to 60 ° C.
  • the temperature of the cyclization reaction is from 100 to 150 ° C, preferably from 120 to 130 ° C.
  • the solvent for the substitution reaction is methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, benzene, toluene or acetic acid, preferably toluene or acetic acid, more preferably acetic acid.
  • the preparation method of Adrini (I) according to the present invention has the characteristics of easy availability of raw materials, simple process, economical and environmental protection, and the like, thereby facilitating the industrial production of the raw material drug and promoting its economic technology. development of.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Indole Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明揭示了一种艾德拉尼(Idelalisib,I)的制备方法,其制备步骤包括:R-2-羟基丁酸酯(II)与6-氨基-9H-嘌呤在离去试剂及缚酸剂的作用下发生亲核取代反应生成中间体S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基丁酸酯(III),中间体(III)与2-甲酸-3-氟苯胺在催化剂作用下发生酰胺化反应生成S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基-N-(2-甲酸-3-氟苯基)丁酰胺(IV),中间体(IV)在醋酐中进行环合反应,继而与苯胺发生取代反应得到艾德拉尼(I)。本发明的制备方法原料易得,工艺简洁,经济环保,适合工业化生产。

Description

艾德拉尼的制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于有机合成路线设计及其原料药和中间体制备技术领域,特别涉及一种用于治疗慢性淋巴细胞白血病的药物艾德拉尼的制备方法。
背景技术
艾德拉尼(Idelalisib)是由美国艾科斯公司(Icos Corporation)原研、吉利德科学(Gilead Sciences)开发的一种磷酸肌醇-3-激酶(phosphoinositide 3-kinase)抑制剂。该药于2014年7月经美国FDA批准上市用于治疗3种B细胞血癌:和利妥昔单抗联合治疗复发的慢性淋巴细胞白血病(CLL)、作为单药治疗复发性滤泡B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤(FL)和复发性小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤(SLL),商品名为Zydelig。因该药还不具有标准的中文译名,故本申请人在此将其音译为“艾德拉尼”。
艾德拉尼(Idelalisib)的化学名为:5-氟-3-苯基-2-[(1S)-1-(9H-嘌呤-6-基氨基)丙基]-4(3H)-喹唑啉酮(I),其结构式为:
Figure PCTCN2015085706-appb-000001
艾德拉尼的制备方法已有研究报道,美国艾科斯公司的PCT专利WO2005113554报道了艾德拉尼及其类似物的合成方法。其方法是先合成喹唑啉酮环,所得中间体再与溴代嘌呤偶联,制备得到艾德拉尼(I)。
Figure PCTCN2015085706-appb-000002
由此看出,上述制备方法作为艾德拉尼的合成方法,首次合成并确认了该化合物。但该方法也存在一些工艺上的缺陷或弱点,如6-溴-嘌呤等原料难以获得,S-2-氨基丁酸中的氨基需要进行保护和脱保护,二氯亚砜对S-2-氨基丁酸的酰化反应和6-溴-嘌呤的溴代反应均会产生含氯和溴废水,从而对环境产生污染。同时,迄今为止对艾德拉尼的工艺研究还很少,所以,开发工艺简洁、经济环保和质量优良的艾德拉尼的制备方法,可大大促进该原料药的工业化生产,提高该药品的经济和社会效益。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种原料易得、工艺简洁、经济环保且适合工业化生产的艾德拉尼的制备方法。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明采用了如下主要技术方案:一种艾德拉尼(I)的制备方法,
Figure PCTCN2015085706-appb-000003
其制备步骤包括:R-2-羟基丁酸酯(II)与6-氨基-9H-嘌呤在离去试剂及缚酸剂的作用下发生亲核取代反应生成中间体S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基丁酸酯(III),中间体S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基丁酸酯(III)与2-甲酸-3-氟苯胺在催化剂作用下发生酰胺化反应生成中间体S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基-N-(2-甲酸-3-氟苯基)丁酰胺(IV),中间体S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基-N-(2-甲酸-3-氟苯基)丁酰胺(IV)在醋酐中发生环合反应,继而与苯胺发生取代反应得到艾德拉尼(I)。
Figure PCTCN2015085706-appb-000004
此外,本发明还提出如下附属技术方案:
所述原料R-2-羟基丁酸酯(II)中的酯基(R1)为1-10个碳原子的脂肪烃基、苯 基或苄基,优选甲基或乙基。
所述亲核取代反应原料R-2-羟基丁酸酯(II)与6-氨基-9H-嘌呤的投料摩尔比为:1∶0.5-1.5,优选1∶0.8-1.2,更优选1∶1。
所述亲核取代反应的离去试剂为甲基磺酰氯、苯磺酰氯、对甲苯磺酰氯或三氟甲磺酸酐,优选甲基磺酰氯或对甲基苯磺酰氯。
所述亲核取代反应的缚酸剂为三乙胺、吡啶、N-甲基吗啡啉、二异丙基乙胺或4-二甲氨基吡啶,优选三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺。
所述亲核取代反应的溶剂为二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氢呋喃或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,优选二氯甲烷或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
所述亲核取代反应的温度0~60℃,优选10~30℃。
所述酰胺化反应的催化剂为甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇钠、氨基钠、正丁基锂、三甲基铝、乙基溴化镁或六甲基二硅基胺基钠,优选三甲基铝或正丁基锂。
所述酰胺化反应的溶剂为正己烷、四氢呋喃、甲苯、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,优选正己烷或二氯甲烷。
所述酰胺化反应的温度为0~100℃,优选40~60℃。
所述环化反应的温度为100~150℃,优选120~130℃。
所述取代反应的溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、苯、甲苯或醋酸,优选甲苯或醋酸,更优选醋酸。
相比于现有技术,本发明所涉及的艾德拉尼(I)的制备方法,具有原料易得、工艺简洁和经济环保等特点,故而利于该原料药的工业化生产,促进其经济技术的发展。
具体实施方式
以下结合数个较佳实施例对本发明技术方案作进一步非限制性的详细说明。
实施例一:
于反应瓶中加入R-2-羟基丁酸乙酯(II)(6.6g,50mmol)、甲基磺酰氯(6.3g,55mmol)和二氯甲烷100mL,降温至0℃,搅拌下滴加三乙胺(5.6g,55mmol),保持该温度反应1小时,升至室温搅拌8-10小时,TLC检测反应完成。反应液依次用10%醋酸溶液、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减 压浓缩,所得油状物用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺50mL溶解,加入6-氨基-9H-嘌呤(6.8g,50mmol),升温至120℃,缓慢滴加吡啶(4.0g,50mmol),继续保持温度120-130℃,搅拌反应2小时,冷却至室温,将反应液倾入冰水中,并用二氯甲烷萃取3次,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压回收溶剂,残余物用正己烷和二氯甲烷(1∶1,V/V)重结晶,真空干燥得浅黄色固体S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基丁酸乙酯(III)10.2g,收率82.0%,EI-MS m/z 250(M+H)。
实施例二:
于反应瓶中加入R-2-羟基丁酸苄酯(II)(1.9g,10mmol)、对甲苯磺酰氯(2.1g,11mmol)和二氯甲烷25mL,降温至0℃,搅拌下滴加二异丙基乙胺(1.4g,11mmol),保持该温度反应1小时,升至室温搅拌6-8小时,TLC检测反应完成。反应液依次用10%醋酸溶液、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,所得油状物用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺20mL溶解,加入6-氨基-9H-嘌呤(1.4g,10mmol),升温至120℃,缓慢滴加吡啶(0.8g,10mmol),继续保持温度120-130℃,搅拌反应3小时,冷却至室温,将反应液倾入冰水中,并用二氯甲烷萃取3次,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压回收溶剂,残余物用正己烷和二氯甲烷(1∶1,V/V)重结晶,真空干燥得浅黄色固体S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基丁酸苄酯(III)2.46g,收率79.1%,EI-MS m/z 312(M+H)。
实施例三:
氮气氛下于反应瓶中加入S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基丁酸乙酯(III)(5.0g,20mmol)和二氯甲烷50mL,0℃下滴加2M的三甲基铝的正己烷溶液15mL,缓慢升至室温,滴加2-甲酸-3-氟苯胺(3.1g,20mmol)的15mL二氯甲烷溶液,滴毕,升温至回流,反应5-6小时,TLC检测反应完成。冷却,将反应液倾入15%的氢氧化钠溶液中,用二氯甲烷萃取三次,合并有机相,无水硫酸镁干燥。浓缩,残留物用甲醇重结晶,得米色固体S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基-N-(2-甲酸-3-氟苯基)丁酰胺(IV)6.6g,收率92.2%,EI-MS m/z 359(M+H)。
实施例四:
氮气氛下于反应瓶中加入S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基丁酸苄酯(III)(3.1g,10mmol)和二氯甲烷25mL,0℃下滴加1M的正丁基锂的正己烷溶液15mL,缓慢升至室温,滴加2-甲酸-3-氟苯胺(1.6g,10mmol)的10mL二氯甲烷溶液,滴毕, 升温至回流,反应5-6小时,TLC检测反应完成。冷却,将反应液倾入15%的氢氧化钠溶液中,用二氯甲烷萃取三次,合并有机相,无水硫酸镁干燥。浓缩,残留物用甲醇重结晶,得米色固体S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基-N-(2-甲酸-3-氟苯基)丁酰胺(IV)3.1g,收率86.6%,EI-MS m/z 359(M+H)。
实施例五:
于反应瓶中加入S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基-N-(2-甲酸-3-氟苯基)丁酰胺(IV)(1.8g,5mmol)和醋酐25mL,升温至120-130℃反应6小时。减压浓缩至干,残留物用25mL甲苯溶解,向其中加入苯胺(0.5g,5mmol),升温,保持甲苯回流反应3-5小时,TLC检测反应完全。减压浓缩,残留物经乙醇重结晶,得到得浅黄色固体艾德拉尼(I)1.3g,收率62.8%;1H NMR(DMSO-d6)60.77(t,3H),1.99(m,2H),3.82(brs,1H),4.75(m,1H),7.30(m,1H),7.51(m,6H),7.81(m,1H),8.39(m,2H),8.61(s,1H),EI-MS m/z 416(M+H)。
实施例六:
于反应瓶中加入S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基-N-(2-甲酸-3-氟苯基)丁酰胺(IV)(1.8g,5mmol)和醋酐25mL,升温至120-130℃反应6小时。减压浓缩至干,残留物用25mL醋酸溶解,向其中加入苯胺(0.5g,5mmol),升温,保持醋酸回流反应3-5小时,TLC检测反应完全。冷却至室温,静置过夜。过滤,滤饼经乙醇重结晶,得到得浅黄色固体艾德拉尼(I)1.5g,收率72.5%;1H NMR(DMSO-d6)60.77(t,3H),1.99(m,2H),3.82(brs,1H),4.75(m,1H),7.30(m,1H),7.51(m,6H),7.81(m,1H),8.39(m,2H),8.61(s,1H),EI-MS m/z 416(M+H)。
需要指出的是,上述实施例仅为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种艾德拉尼的制备方法,
    Figure PCTCN2015085706-appb-100001
    其制备步骤包括:R-2-羟基丁酸酯与6-氨基-9H-嘌呤在离去试剂及缚酸剂的作用下发生亲核取代反应生成中间体S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基丁酸酯,中间体S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基丁酸酯与2-甲酸-3-氟苯胺在催化剂作用下发生酰胺化反应生成中间体S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基-N-(2-甲酸-3-氟苯基)丁酰胺,中间体S-2-(N-9H-嘌呤-6-基)氨基-N-(2-甲酸-3-氟苯基)丁酰胺在醋酐中发生环合反应,继而与苯胺发生取代反应得到艾德拉尼。
  2. 如权利要求1所述艾德拉尼的制备方法,其特征在于:所述原料R-2-羟基丁酸酯中的酯基为1-10个碳原子的脂肪烃基、苯基或苄基。
  3. 如权利要求1所述艾德拉尼的制备方法,其特征在于:所述亲核取代反应原料R-2-羟基丁酸酯与6-氨基-9H-嘌呤的投料摩尔比为:1∶0.5-1.5。
  4. 如权利要求1所述艾德拉尼的制备方法,其特征在于:所述亲核取代反应的离去试剂为甲基磺酰氯、苯磺酰氯、对甲苯磺酰氯或三氟甲磺酸酐。
  5. 如权利要求1所述艾德拉尼的制备方法,其特征在于:所述亲核取代反应的缚酸剂为三乙胺、吡啶、N-甲基吗啡啉、二异丙基乙胺或4-二甲氨基吡啶。
  6. 如权利要求1所述艾德拉尼的制备方法,其特征在于:所述酰胺化反应的催化剂为甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇钠、氨基钠、正丁基锂、三甲基铝、乙基溴化镁或六甲基二硅基胺基钠。
  7. 如权利要求1所述艾德拉尼的制备方法,其特征在于:所述环合反应的温度为100~150℃。
  8. 如权利要求1所述艾德拉尼的制备方法,其特征在于:所述取代反应的溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、苯、甲苯或醋酸。
PCT/CN2015/085706 2014-08-22 2015-07-31 艾德拉尼的制备方法 WO2016026380A1 (zh)

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