WO2016003002A1

WO2016003002A1 - Energy-saving sewage/wastewater treatment apparatus using microalgae

Info

Publication number: WO2016003002A1
Application number: PCT/KR2014/006943
Authority: WO
Inventors: 강동한; 장영호; 문희천; 김미정; 이기종; 오조교; 이정복; 정한나
Original assignee: 경기도
Priority date: 2014-07-02
Filing date: 2014-07-29
Publication date: 2016-01-07
Also published as: KR101444642B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to an energy-saving sewage/wastewater treatment apparatus using microalgae, and more specifically, to an energy-saving sewage/wastewater treatment apparatus provided with a photosynthesis/nitrification tank for generating natural oxygen through photosynthesis of microalgae at the rear end of a biofilm filtering tank, so as to block the introduction of floating material, enable easy removal of nitrogen from organic material, and simultaneously allow decomposition, nitrification, and phosphorus removal using natural oxygen generated during photosynthesis of algae, thereby improving nitrogen and phosphorus treatment efficiency, significantly reducing machinery and equipment for supplying oxygen and additional equipment for treatment functions, thus ultimately reducing equipment and maintenance costs.

Description

Energy-saving sewage and wastewater treatment device using microalgae

The present invention relates to an energy saving type sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus using microalgae.

Due to river pollution caused by the development of industrialization around the world, various researches on wastewater treatment methods have been proposed. Sewage / wastewater treatment methods are largely classified into physical, chemical and biological treatment methods. In general, a primary treatment step for physically removing a certain amount of suspended solids contained in the sewage / wastewater and biologically removing organic matter from the sewage / wastewater It proceeds to the secondary processing step of removal.

In general, the secondary treatment step using the biologically activated sludge method artificially forms anaerobic, anaerobic and aerobic conditions to remove nitrogen and phosphorus and removes phosphorus under anaerobic conditions. Mechanism to remove the process proceeds, the organic matter removal and nitrification reaction occurs under aerobic conditions. In particular, in order to maintain aerobic conditions, air must be artificially injected, and it is the largest part of the operating cost of sewage and wastewater treatment plants.

Sewage and wastewater from which nitrogen and phosphorus have been removed are separated from microorganisms and water by gravity sedimentation, pressure flotation or separation membranes. After disinfection with UV, chlorine and ozone, water is discharged out of the system and some of the sludge It is returned to an anaerobic tank or an anaerobic tank through a return line, and the rest is disposed of or recycled through a process such as concentration and dehydration.

Under aerobic conditions, organic nitrogen and ammonia-based nitrogen in sewage and waste water are oxidized by nitrifying microorganisms and converted to nitrite nitrogen or nitrate nitrogen. The nitrified waste water is thus returned to an anoxic tank where anoxic conditions are formed, reduced to nitrogen gas by denitrification microorganisms, and discharged into the atmosphere to be removed from the wastewater. Under anaerobic conditions, organic matters in sewage and wastewater are synthesized by bio-P (Biological Phosphourus removing bacteria) microorganisms into macromolecules such as PHA and PHB in bacteria, and Poly-P present in bacteria is decomposed and eluted.

When these bacteria enter the anaerobic condition from the anaerobic condition, the phosphorus is transferred into the microorganisms in the sewage and wastewater by ingesting excess phosphorus in the body than the proper amount of phosphorus required in the body, and by removing the microorganisms, the phosphorus is removed from the sewage and wastewater. Done.

The biological nitrogen and phosphorus treatment method requires a lot of energy cost for air injection, and when the C / N (COD / Nitrogen) ratio and the C / P (COD / Phosphorus) ratio are low, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency drops rapidly. There has been a problem. In addition, there is a problem that the amount of excess sludge is generated, and additional equipment and cost for the treatment of excess sludge is added.

Thus, Korean Patent No. 100460214 used microalgae (photosynthetic microorganisms) instead of bacteria-based microorganisms to remove nitrogen, but only microalgae species are discharged into the atmosphere with nitrogen gas, thereby removing bacteria. It is impossible to expect high efficiency nitrogen removal rate, and there is a limit that cannot use high efficiency phosphorus removal rate because it cannot use the characteristics of phosphorus removal bacteria known as luxury uptake. In addition, there was a problem that the growth of microalgae could not be secured due to competition with heterotrophic bacteria in sewage and wastewater containing high concentrations of organic substances.

The main object of the present invention is the mechanical equipment and processor compared to the conventional biological treatment method

Additional facilities according to the capacity is greatly reduced to reduce the installation and maintenance costs, and to provide an energy-saving sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus using microalgae that can improve the treatment efficiency of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention is a biofilm filtration tank in which a part of the inflow water is introduced into the lower portion and flows upwardly to remove the solids and organics of the wastewater, and denitrification and dephosphorization are sequentially performed; An anaerobic tank disposed at the rear end of the biofilm filtration tank, and a part of the inflow water is introduced to perform dephosphorization; Photosynthesis and nitrification tanks for culturing microalgae such that nitrification, organic matter oxidation and phosphorus excess intake of the treated water treated in the biofilm filtration tank and anaerobic tank are performed; And a sedimentation tank for separating the sludge and the symbolic water of the treated water treated in the photosynthesis and nitrification tank to return a part of the symbolic water to the biofilm filtration tank and discharging the remaining symbolic water to the final treated water. to provide.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the average mixed solution suspension solids (MLSS) of the photosynthesis nitrification tank may be characterized in that it is maintained to be less than 500mg / L.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wastewater and wastewater inflow of the anaerobic tank may be characterized in that 10 to 20vol% with respect to the total inflow of wastewater.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the treated water of the biofilm filtration tank is characterized in that the suspended solids (SS) is 15 mg / L or less, the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is maintained to be 40 mg / L or less Can be.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anaerobic tank and photosynthesis nitrification tank may further comprise a fluid carrier.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filling rate of the fluid carrier in the anaerobic tank may be characterized in that 20 to 50vol%.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filling rate of the fluid carrier in the photosynthesis nitrification tank may be characterized in that 20 ~ 30vol%.

Another embodiment of the present invention is a biofilm filtration tank in which the influent flows into the bottom flows in the upstream to remove the solids and organics of the wastewater, denitrification and dephosphorization are performed sequentially; Photosynthesis and nitrification tanks for culturing microalgae such that nitrification, organic matter oxidation and phosphorus excess intake of the treated water treated in the biofilm filtration tank are performed; And separating the sludge and the symbol water of the treated water from the photosynthesis and nitrification tank to return a part of the symbol water to the biofilm filtration tank, discharging the remaining symbol water to the final treated water, and part of the separated sludge is returned to the photosynthesis and nitrification tank. It provides a sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus including a sedimentation tank to the waste, and the remaining sludge.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the average mixed solution suspension solids (MLSS) of the photosynthesis and nitrification tank may be characterized in that it is maintained to 500 mg / L or less.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the treated water of the biofilm filtration tank is characterized in that the suspended solids (SS) is 15 mg / L or less, the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is maintained to be 40 mg / L or less Can be.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photosynthesis nitrifier may be characterized in that it further comprises a fluid carrier.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filling rate of the fluid carrier in the photosynthesis nitrification tank may be characterized in that 20 ~ 30vol%.

Waste water treatment apparatus according to the present invention is the photosynthesis of microalgae at the rear end of the biofilm filtration tank

It is equipped with a photosynthesis and nitrification tank that generates ecological oxygen by its action, which blocks inflow of suspended substances, facilitates the denitrification reaction of organic materials, and decomposes organic matter, nitrifies and phosphorus using ecological oxygen generated during photosynthesis of algae. It can be removed at the same time to improve the treatment efficiency of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus, and the additional equipment according to the mechanical equipment and treatment function according to the oxygen supply can be significantly reduced to reduce the equipment and maintenance costs.

1 is a system of the energy-saving sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention

Schematic.

2 is an energy-saving sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

It is a schematic diagram.

Figure 3 is an energy-saving sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention

This is a schematic diagram.

Figure 4 is an energy-saving sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention

This is a schematic diagram.

5 is a schematic diagram of the photoreactor used in Experimental Example 2 of the present invention.

[Description of the code]

10: biofilm filtration tank

11: anoxic filtration membrane part

12: anaerobic filtration membrane part

20: anaerobic tank

30: photosynthesis, nitrification tank

40: sedimentation tank

50: fluid carrier

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In general, the nomenclature used herein is well known and commonly used in the art.

Throughout this specification, when a part is said to "include" a certain component, it means that it can further include other components, without excluding the other components unless otherwise stated.

In one aspect, the present invention is a biofilm filtration tank in which a part of the inflow water is introduced into the lower portion and flows upwardly to remove the solids and organics of the wastewater, and denitrification and dephosphorization are sequentially performed; An anaerobic tank disposed at the rear end of the biofilm filtration tank, and a part of the inflow water is introduced to perform dephosphorization; Photosynthesis and nitrification tanks for culturing microalgae such that nitrification, organic matter oxidation and phosphorus excess intake of the treated water treated in the biofilm filtration tank and anaerobic tank are performed; And a sedimentation tank for separating the sludge and the symbolic water of the treated water treated in the photosynthesis and nitrification tank to return a part of the symbolic water to the biofilm filtration tank and discharging the remaining symbolic water to the final treated water. It is about.

More specifically, the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention includes a photosynthesis and nitrification tank at the rear end of the biofilm filtration tank, thereby preventing the inflow of suspended solids, and the organic material not only used for denitrification reaction, but also generated in the photosynthesis process of algae. Bio-oxygen can be used to decompose organic matter, as well as biological nitrification and phosphorus removal, and the energy cost of oxygen supply can be significantly reduced.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention includes a biofilm filtration tank 10, an anaerobic tank 20, a photosynthesis nitrification tank 30, and a precipitation tank 40.

The biofilm filtration tank 10 includes an biofilm having microorganisms attached to a lower end thereof, and an oxygen free filtration unit 11 for maintaining an oxygen free state in which dissolved oxygen is maintained at 0.1 to 1 ppm; And an anaerobic anaerobic filtration unit 12 having an biofilm to which microorganisms are attached and having dissolved oxygen maintained at 0.1 ppm or less.

Therefore, when the waste water flows into the biofilm filtration tank in an upflow, solid and organic matters are removed by the biofilm from the anaerobic filtration unit 11, and denitrification is performed by the microorganisms attached to the biofilm, and the anaerobic filtration unit ( In 12), anaerobic decomposition of untreated solids and organics proceeds.

The biofilm is composed of a carrier to which a microorganism can attach and a microorganism that grows by being attached to the carrier. The biofilm is physically processed by the carrier itself and biologically by a microorganism attached to the surface of the carrier as a film. In a microorganism attached to the surface of a supporting material, but not limited to, preferably microcode kusu (Micrococcus), Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas), O Como bakteo (Archomobacter), Bacillus (Bacillus), para cock kusu (Paracoccus), acetonitrile tumefaciens High concentrations of anaerobic microorganisms such as Acetobacterium can be used.

Such anaerobic microorganisms can be intensively treated by prolonged contact with hardly decomposable substances. Accordingly, the degradability of the anaerobic microorganisms to the hardly decomposable substance is enhanced, and as a result, the hardly decomposable substance is rapidly decomposed. In particular, since anaerobic microorganisms have superior adhesion to suspended solids, anaerobic microorganisms can be maintained at a high concentration more efficiently than using carriers.

In addition, the denitrification effect is induced by the growth of anaerobic microorganisms, it is possible to remove the nitrate nitrogen, organic acid is generated in the digestion process of difficult-decomposable organic matter can be used as an organic source can reduce the input of extra nutrients There is an advantage.

The carrier is a fixed phase, the material is not limited in the present invention, it is used as known in the art. Typically, polyvinyl chloride, polyetherene, polyethersulfone, polyfluoride vinylladen, polytetrafluoroethylene, ceramics and the like are possible.

SS and BOD of the treated water of the biofilm filtration tank 10 treated as described above are maintained at 15 mg / L or less and 40 mg / L or less, respectively, so that the concentration of NH ₄ -N and PO ₄ -P is high, and the BOD and turbidity are low. By directly injecting into the photosynthesis-nitride tank 30, the microalgae photosynthesis of the photosynthesis-nitride tank 30 mentioned later can be promoted.

In the present invention, the anaerobic tank 20 is installed at the rear end of the biofilm filtration tank 10, a portion of the influent is directly introduced to maintain the anaerobic state so that phosphorous discharge of sewage, wastewater and organic matter decomposition is performed.

In general, organic matter is not only when nitrate nitrogen (NO _X -N) is released (denitrified) to nitrogen (N ₂ ) gas, but also phosphorus accumulating microorganisms form organic matter in the form of poly-β-hydroxybutyl acid (PHB). As it is needed to accumulate and release phosphorus, it is important that organic matter acts as an important factor in the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus contained in sewage and wastewater, and it is important to properly distribute the limited organic matter to denitrified and condensed microorganisms.

In particular, when phosphorus-accumulating microorganisms and denitrification microorganisms are in competition, the denitrifying microorganisms ingest organic matters in comparison with the phosphorus-accumulating microorganisms, thus becoming a dominant species. Therefore, it is necessary to supply limited organics to phosphorus accumulating microorganisms as early as possible to reduce the interference of toxic toxic substances of nitrate nitrogen. do.

Thus, the sewage / wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention divides and introduces raw water (inflow water) of sewage and wastewater into an anaerobic tank, and is supplied with organic matter by supplying smooth organic matter of the introduced sewage / wastewater to activate the activity of phosphorus-scale microorganisms. The dephosphorization efficiency can be increased, and the concentration of the mixed liquid suspended solids (MLSS) is kept constant, so as to be combined with the photosynthesis / nitride tank 30 described later, so that simultaneous treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus can be easily performed.

At this time, the sewage and wastewater inflow amount of the anaerobic tank 20 may be adjusted to 10 ~ 20vol% with respect to the total amount of sewage and wastewater inflow. If the total amount of sewage and wastewater flowing into the anaerobic tank 20 is less than 10 vol%, the amount of macromolecules of phosphorus removal microorganisms in the anaerobic tank may decrease due to the lack of organic matter, which may result in excess phosphorus in the aerobic tank, exceeding 20 vol%. In this case, due to the overgrowth of heterotrophic microorganisms in the aerobic tank, light blocking by the microorganisms and the inhibition of photosynthetic rate may occur. In particular, it is appropriate to flow into the anaerobic tank in a range in which the mixed liquid solids (MLSS) concentration can maintain 500 mg / L or less.

In the present invention, the photosynthesis and nitrification tank 30 injects the treated water treated in the biofilm filtration tank and the anaerobic tank, and incubates the microalgae so that nitrification, organic matter oxidation and phosphorus excess intake of the treated water are performed.

In the environment where microalgae growth is possible due to light and water, microalgae grow by ingesting nitrogen and phosphorus in the process of photosynthetic reaction, and generate a large amount of oxygen through photosynthetic reaction. Therefore, microalgae generally processes nitrogen and phosphorus. The rate is proportional to the growth rate of the microalgae, it is necessary to maintain the concentration of the microalgae in the reactor at a high concentration in order to increase the growth rate of nitrogen and phosphorus treatment efficiency.

Thus, in the present invention, the photosynthesis and nitrification tank 30 is installed at the rear end of the biofilm filtration tank 10 and the anaerobic tank 20, and then treated at the rear end of the biofilm filtration tank 10 and the anaerobic tank 20, NH ₄ -N and PO ₄ -P. By introducing the treated water with high concentration and low BOD and turbidity, it is possible to increase the growth rate of the microalgae and maintain the concentration of the microalgae at a high concentration.

Specifically, in the biofilm filtration tank 10 and the anaerobic tank 20, when the treated water having a high concentration of NH ₄ -N and PO ₄ -P and having a low BOD and turbidity flows into the photosynthesis and nitrification tank 30, nitrogen and phosphorus in the treated water are The microalgae are cultivated by using the components as nutrients, using light energy obtained from a light source or sunlight and carbon dioxide in the air as energy sources and inorganic carbon sources, respectively, and the amount of microalgae increases.

At this time, the mixed solution suspended solids (MLSS) concentration of the photosynthesis nitrification tank 30 is maintained below 500mg / L in order to minimize the photosynthesis interference caused by biomass shading, more preferably 200 ~ 300mg Maintaining at / L facilitates the attainment of optimal photosynthesis rate, which is good in terms of oxygen production.

In the photosynthesis and nitrification tank 30, various microbial communities are mixed, so it is difficult for certain microorganisms to be predominant, and microbial community changes depending on operating factors such as fluctuations in inflow water quality, operating environment such as water temperature, and increase or decrease of conveyed amount. However, microalgae that are commonly maintained include Ankistrodesmus gracilis SAG278-2 (KCTC AG20745), Scenedesmus accuminatus (KCTC AG 10316), and Senedmus coudris . cow is (Scenedesmus quadicauda: KCTC AG 10308) , are used Los peora platen sheath (Arthrospira platensis: KCTC AG20590) and chlorella vulgaris (chlorella vulgaris: KCTC AG10032) as but be at least one selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, .

In the present invention, the photosynthesis and nitrification tank 30 can be used without limitation as long as it is a tank capable of culturing microalgae, for example, a rectangular fully mixed tank (the same concentration in any part of the reaction tank), rectangular Plug flow-type tank (reaction tank that flows out slowly in the inflow order of the external material), oxidized sphere plug flow-type tank, etc., but is not limited thereto.

In addition, the photosynthesis nitrification tank 30 may be provided with devices necessary for culturing microalgae, for example, microalgae and culture solution inlet, carbon dioxide inlet, light source.

As an example, the photosynthesis nitrification tank 30 is provided with a microalgae inlet, a culture medium inlet and a gas inlet and a supernatant inlet on one side, the microalgae outlet is provided on the lower side, the interior is installed at regular intervals A plurality of light sources and a light source casing is provided outside the light source having a water tightness, the power supply cable is provided inside the light source casing, and supplies power to the light source from an external power source. In addition, the casing cleaning wiper for cleaning the microalgae attached to the surface of the light source casing, the artificial light source installation frame is fixed to the light source casing by the removable structure, the artificial light source is installed on the lower end of the frame and a plurality of high-pressure gas injection nozzle A diffuser including a high-pressure gas discharge pipe provided, may be further provided between the frame for installing the light source and a stirrer, a temperature controller and the like for mixing the microalgal culture solution.

The light source for supplying light energy required for microalgae culture in the photosynthesis and nitrification tank 30 may be an artificial light source installed artificially, may use natural sunlight, or both.

In the present invention, the settling tank 40 separates the sludge and the symbol water of the treated water treated in the photosynthesis and nitrification tank 30 to return a portion of the symbol water to the biofilm filtration tank 10, and the remaining symbol water is finally Drain to treated water. At this time, conveyance can be performed using a conventional method and apparatus.

In the present invention, a very small amount of microbial sludge is generated during the desorption process of the microorganisms attached to the carrier in the biofilm filtration tank, and the sludge to be disposed of is extremely small because 80 to 90 vol% of sewage and raw water is injected into the biofilm filtration tank and treated. In addition, since about 10-20 vol% of the total sewage and wastewater are injected into the photosynthesis and nitrification tank 30, the amount of sludge produced by heterotrophic bacteria is also small, so that a small capacity sedimentation tank can be installed and operated.

In addition, the settling tank 40 by transporting a portion of the symbolic water separated from the sludge to the anaerobic filtration unit 11 of the biofilm filtration tank 10, thereby maintaining an anoxic state in the anaerobic filtration unit to maximize the denitrification efficiency. In addition, in this denitrification process, BOD removal reaction proceeds by oxidation reaction of organic matter in sewage and wastewater, and carbon dioxide generated in this decomposition process is directly used for photosynthesis reaction of microalgae in photosynthesis and nitrification tank 30 which is a subsequent process. do.

On the other hand, the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, to fill the fluid carrier 50 for the nitrification reaction and phosphorus removal reaction in the above-described anaerobic tank 20 and photosynthesis nitrification tank 30 Can be.

The fluid carrier 50 according to the present invention serves as a biofilm to induce adhesion growth of nitrifying bacteria, and in general, microalgae have sufficient nitrifying bacteria due to the slow growth rate of nitrifying microorganisms because of the faster growth rate than the nitrifying bacteria. You will not be able to. Therefore, by filling a fluid carrier that can be attached to nitrifying bacteria to maximize the growth rate of nitrifying bacteria to perform nitrification reaction in photosynthesis nitrification tank (30).

The material of the fluid carrier 50 has a specific gravity (25 ° C.) of 0.7 to 0.9 to secure buoyancy suitable for flow, and the material is polyvinyl chloride, polyetherene, polyethersulfone, polyfluoride vinylladen, polytetrafluor Ethylene, ceramics, and the like may be used, and the maximum diameter of the flowable carrier should not exceed 1.5 cm to increase the surface area to which nitrifying bacteria can adhere.

In addition, the microorganisms attached to the fluid carrier include Bio-P (Biological Phosphourus removing bacteria) microorganisms that excessively ingest phosphorus, and by returning only the fluid carrier to the anaerobic tank 20 by the Bio-P microorganism in the anaerobic tank Phosphorus elution, the synthesis of polymers in the body can be induced, thereby enabling biological treatment of phosphorus in sewage and wastewater. At this time, the conveyance amount of the fluid carrier 50 can be adjusted in consideration of the properties, conditions, etc. of the waste water.

The filling ratio of the fluid carrier 50 in the anaerobic tank 20 and the photosynthesis and nitrification tank 30 is 20 to 50 vol% and 20 to 30 vol%, respectively, with respect to the effective capacity of each tank. In case of deviation, the effect is insignificant or the growth of microalgae is suppressed due to the inhibition of light transmittance due to the excessive amount of the fluid carrier.

In another aspect, the present invention is a biofilm filtration tank (10) to remove the solids and organics of the waste water, the inlet water flows into the bottom flows upstream, and denitrification and dephosphorization are performed sequentially; Photosynthesis and nitrification tank 30 for culturing microalgae such that nitrification, organic matter oxidation and phosphorus excess intake of the treated water treated in the biofilm filtration tank are performed; And separating the sludge and the symbol water of the treated water from the photosynthesis and nitrification tank to return a part of the symbol water to the biofilm filtration tank, discharging the remaining symbol water to the final treated water, and part of the separated sludge is returned to the photosynthesis and nitrification tank. And the remaining sludge relates to a sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus including a sedimentation tank 40 for disposal.

More specifically, the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention is a sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus applicable to sewage and wastewater having a low phosphorus content in the effluent, as shown in FIG. 3. Sewage / wastewater treatment device that can return a portion of the sludge settled to the bottom in the settling tank 40 to the photosynthesis and nitrification tank 30 without installing the anaerobic tank 20 to maintain the microbial amount in the photosynthesis and nitrification tank at an appropriate level. to be.

On the other hand, the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, by filling the fluid carrier 50 in the photosynthesis, nitrification tank can improve the treatment efficiency of phosphorus and nitrogen in the sewage and wastewater.

The biofilm filtration tank, photosynthesis, nitrification tank, and precipitation tank of the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention are the same as the biofilm filtration tank, photosynthesis, nitrification tank, and precipitation tank of the sewage / wastewater treatment apparatus, which will be omitted.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following Examples, but it is obvious that the present invention is not limited by the following Examples.

<실시예 1> <Example 1>

As shown in FIG. 1, a sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention was manufactured to treat sewage and wastewater of Yeongdeok Lespia, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do. The effective capacity of the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus is 14.0L (biofilm filtration tank: 2.0L, anaerobic tank: 2.0L, photosynthesis, nitrification tank: 8.0L, and precipitation tank: 2.0L) in total.

The biofilm of the biofilm filtration tank is inoculated anaerobic sludge containing anaerobic microorganisms such as Micrococcus , Pseudomonas , Bacillus, Paracoccus in an anaerobic reactor filled with a 4mm diameter carrier of polyethylene, and then mixed with sewage and wastewater and sewage and wastewater After the culture was prepared by injecting for 1 month, strainers were installed at the lower and upper ends to prevent loss of the carrier, and the effective volume was fixed at 2.0L.

On the other hand, photosynthesis and nitrification tanks were carried out at an anthrodesmus gracilis, Senedusmus aquinatus, and Senedusmus cuadricauda at a brightness of 5,000 Lx and a temperature of 25 ± 2.3 ° C. The material was taken from Yeongdeok Lespia (sewage treatment plant) and continuously injected at 40 L / D. The operating conditions of the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus are described in Table 1 below.

<실시예 2> <Example 2>

The sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus manufactured in Example 1 was filled with a fluid carrier to prepare a sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus for removing high efficiency total phosphorus, and organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus contained in the sewage and wastewater were removed.

The flowable carrier was seeded by aerobic sludge containing microorganisms such as Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrobacter, Nitrococcus and attached to the carrier. The flowable carrier was made of polyethylene with a diameter of 1.5 cm and a height of 0.7 cm, and the specific gravity was 0.7 to allow the fluid to flow actively according to the fluid flow. At this time, the flowable carrier was prepared in an acrylic reactor having an effective capacity of 8L, a diameter of 20cm, a height of 50cm, and a thickness of 5mm, and the light was irradiated with LEDs in which the ratio of Red: White: Blue is 2: 1: 1 for 24 hours. The surface roughness of the sewage treatment system was 5,000 Lx, and the carrier filling rate was 20 vol%. The sewage and wastewater treatment facilities of Yeongdeok-si, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Korea were measured. At this time, the operating conditions of the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus are described in Table 1 below.

<실시예 3> <Example 3>

In the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus manufactured in Example 1, a photosynthesis and nitrification tank was disposed directly at the rear end of the biofilm filtration tank, and organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the sewage and wastewater were removed. At this time, the operating conditions of the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus are described in Table 1 below.

<실시예 4> <Example 4>

The sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus manufactured in Example 3 was filled with a fluid carrier to prepare a sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus, and organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus contained in the sewage and wastewater were removed.

The flowable carrier was seeded by aerobic sludge containing microorganisms such as Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrobacter, Nitrococcus and attached to the carrier. The flowable carrier was made of PE material with a diameter of 1.5 cm and a height of 0.7 cm, and the specific gravity was 0.7 so that the fluid flowed actively according to the fluid flow. At this time, the flowable carrier was prepared in an acrylic reactor having an effective capacity of 8L, a diameter of 20cm, a height of 50cm, and a thickness of 5mm, and the light was irradiated with LEDs in which the ratio of Red: White: Blue is 2: 1: 1 was mixed for 24 hours. The surface roughness of the sewage treatment system was 5,000Lx, the carrier filling rate was 20%, and the experiment was carried out using sewage treatment plant (Youngdeok Lespia) in Yongin, Gyeonggi-do. At this time, the operating conditions of the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus are described in Table 1 below.

Table 1

division	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4
Driving period	'14 .4.26 ~ '14 .5.20	'14 .5.21 ~ '14 .6.10	'14 .4.3 ~ '14 .4.25	'14 .6.11 ~ '14 .6.20
HRT (hr)	7.5	7.5	7.0	7.0
SRT (d)	10	5	10	5
Water temperature (℃)	21.3	22.5	23.5	24.1
Dissolved oxygen in photosynthesis and nitrification tank (mg / L)	2.1	0.8	5.8	1.5
Total Sewage & Wastewater Inflow (L / d)	40	40	40	40
Wastewater inflow of biofilm filtration tank (L / d)	36	36	40	40
Anaerobic Sewage and Wastewater Inflows (L / d)	4	4	-	-
Treatment water SS of biofilm filtration tank (mg / L)	13.5	12.2	11.2	10.6
BOD (mg / L) of the treated water of biofilm filtration tank	35.3	20.5	30.6	17.5
MLSS of photosynthesis, nitrification tank (mg / L)	490.5	315.2	498.2	189.5
Filling rate of liquid carrier in photosynthesis and nitrification tank (vol%)	-	20	-	20

Table 2 below shows the measured BOD, SS, T-N and T-P of the treated water treated in Examples 1 to 4. At this time, the measurement method of BOD, SS, T-N and T-P was measured according to the water pollution process test method (2012, Ministry of Environment).

TABLE 2

division		Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4
BOD	Influent (mg / L)	270.2 ± 33	294.5 ± 44.0	225.1 ± 30.1	274.3 ± 65.7
	Treated water (mg / L)	6.6 ± 1.7	5.1 ± 0.7	10.4 ± 1.1	9.5 ± 1.2
	% Removal	97.6 ± 0.4	98.2 ± 0.4	95.3 ± 0.6	96.4 ± 0.7
SS	Influent (mg / L)	126.2 ± 23.9	136.2 ± 20.9	216.8 ± 102.5	170.2 ± 28.6
	Treated water (mg / L)	11.5 ± 1.2	7.4 ± 1.1	8.6 ± 2.1	6.4 ± 1.0
	% Removal	90.5 ± 2.3	93.9 ± 1.7	95.5 ± 1.4	96.2 ± 0.2
TN	Influent (mg / L)	51.9 ± 5.7	53.2 ± 5.9	45.3 ± 3.1	44.5 ± 4.7
	Treated water (mg / L)	18.9 ± 1.1	13.8 ± 1.9	17.3 ± 1.2	10.9 ± 0.8
	% Removal	63.3 ± 3.3	74.0 ± 1.7	61.8 ± 0.5	75.4 ± 2.1
TKN	Influent (mg / L)	44.4 ± 2.4	50.5 ± 5.6	44.1 ± 3.0	43.1 ± 4.2
	Treated water (mg / L)	13.5 ± 0.7	5.0 ± 0.7	13.2 ± 0.7	2.0 ± 0.2
	% Removal	69.6 ± 2.2	95.9	70.0 ± 1.0	95.4 ± 0.7
TP	Influent (mg / L)	5.0 ± 0.3	7.2 ± 0.5	5.8 ± 0.3	6.0 ± 0.5
	Treated water (mg / L)	1.4 ± 0.1	1.4 ± 0.1	2.1 ± 0.3	2.26 ± 0.3
	% Removal	72.2 ± 2.0	80.3 ± 2.4	63.7 ± 4.2	62.3 ± 4.8

As a result, as shown in Table 2, the BOD removal rate of Examples 1 to 4 was found to be 95.3 ~ 98.2%, showing the efficiency of the general activated sludge level to perform an artificial aeration, SS removal rate is also 90.5 ~ 96.2% It was confirmed that the very high. In addition, it was confirmed that the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus of Examples 1 to 4 showed very good sedimentation property by bio-flocculation of microalgal and bacterial microbial communities.

On the other hand, the removal rate of TN was 63.3% and 61.8% in Examples 1 and 3 without filling the fluid carrier, respectively, and was high as 74.0% and 75.4% in Examples 2 and 4 with the fluid carrier and also organic nitrogen (TKN). In the case of), Examples 1 and 3 were 69.6% and 70.0%, but Examples 2 and 4 were 95.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Through this, when high nitrogen removal rate is required, it can be seen that it is useful to apply the device filled with a fluid carrier.

On the other hand, in the case of T-P removal, the case where an anaerobic tank was installed, the inflow of sewage and wastewater and the operation without installing an anaerobic tank were compared in Examples 1-4. In Examples 1 and 2 in which the anaerobic tank was installed, the T-P removal rates were 72.2% and 80.3%, respectively, which were about 8.7% to 18.0% higher than those in which the anaerobic tank was not installed. Through this, when high T-P removal rate is required, it was confirmed that it is preferable to install an anaerobic tank and apply a device for split-flowing raw water from sewage and wastewater.

Therefore, the energy-saving sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus using the microalgae according to the present invention has high wastewater treatment efficiency as well as organic oxidation, nitrification and phosphorus excess intake and denitrification and phosphorus release by living organisms, as well as photosynthesis and nitrification tank. As the biofilm filtration tank is located at the front end, maintaining the complementary relationship with each other, it was confirmed that the organic, nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency was maximized.

<실험예 1>Experimental Example 1

In order to check the photosynthetic oxygen production according to the concentration of the microalgal mixture suspension solids (MLSS), a 300 ml glass reactor was irradiated with a blue LED lamp and a red LED lamp at a 50 μm / m ² / s light for 60 minutes. The amount of dissolved oxygen produced by the photosynthesis reaction of the microalgae was measured. At this time, the microalgae were collected in a 12L effective capacity optical culture reactor treating sewage by irradiating an artificial light source in a sewage treatment plant (Youngdeok Lespia), Gyeonggi-do, and the culture solution was discharged from the sewage treatment plant (Yeongdeokrepia), Yongin, Gyeonggi-do. 40 L was prepared by adding NH ₄ -N 50 mg / L, PO ₄ -P 10 mg / L, and alkalinity 200 mg / L (as CaCO ₃ ). The reactor temperature is 25 ℃ ± 0.5 ℃, was carried out three repeated experiments, the average value is shown in Table 3 below.

TABLE 3

MLSS (mg / L)		100	200	300	400	500	600	700	800	1,500
Red LED	DO (mg / L)	5.8	9.3	11.5	13.4	14.9	15.6	15.9	16.1	14.5
Red LED	△ DO	5.8	3.5	2.2	1.9	1.5	0.7	0.3	0.2	-1.6
Blue LED	DO (mg / L)	4.2	6.6	7.3	7.7	7.9	8.0	8.1	8.1	5.4
Blue LED	△ DO	4.2	2.4	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	-2.7

As a result, as shown in Table 3, it was found that the MLSS concentration for optimal photosynthetic oxygen generation was 200 mg / L or less in the blue LED light source and 500 mg / L or less in the red LED light source.

<실험예 2>Experimental Example 2

In Experimental Example 1, it was found that the concentration of the mixed solution suspension solids (MLSS) significantly affected the photosynthetic oxygen production of the microalgae. Based on this, organic matter, phosphorus and nitrogen in wastewater according to the concentration range of MLSS to quantify the effect of MLSS concentration on organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency when treating sewage / wastewater using photosynthetic oxygen in actual sewage / wastewater The removal rate was measured.

At this time, the reactor used was made of acrylic material having a thickness of 5mm, as shown in Figure 5, the reactor 8 is provided with a skimmer (2) and a stirrer (4), the air from the outside air regulator (7) The bubble (3) was formed inside the reactor by injection into the reactor, and the LED lamp (1) and the light blocking device (5) controlled by the light intensity controller (6) were installed outside the reactor, and the operating conditions are shown in Table 4. . BOD, SS, T-N, and T-P for influent and treated (discharged) water were measured according to the water pollution process test method (2012, Ministry of Environment), and are shown in Table 5.

Table 4

division	MLSS high concentrations	MLSS low concentration
Driving period	2014.1.3 ~ 2014.2.9	2014.2.10 ~ 2014.3.10
Light source	Red LED, 10 W	Red LED, 10 W
HRT (hr)	96	96
SRT (day)	10	4
MLSS (mg / L)	671.1 ± 90.5mg / L	454.3 ± 85.0mg / L
Effective capacity	12.6L (20cm in diameter, 40cm in height)	12.6L (20cm in diameter, 40cm in height)

Table 5

division	For high MLSS concentrations			MLSS low concentration
division	Influent (mg / L)	Treated water (mg / L)	Throughput%	Influent (mg / L)	Treated water (mg / L)	Throughput%
BOD (mg / L)	279.2 ± 47.9	116.8 ± 34.1	58.2	284.1 ± 60.5	14.2 ± 6.4	95.0
SS (mg / L)	173.1 ± 37.5	134.1 ± 48.5	22.5	153.9 ± 30.2	25.2 ± 7.5	83.6
TN (mg / L)	44.039 ± 2.7	28.289 ± 4.9	35.8	50.197 ± 5.1	9.057 ± 2.4	82.0
TP (mg / L)	4.748 ± 0.4	2.389 ± 0.7	49.7	5.647 ± 0.5	0.304 ± 0.1	94.6

As shown in Table 5, the BOD, SS, T-N and T-P removal rate was found to be high at 36.8%, 61.1%, 46.2% and 44.9%, respectively, at low concentrations.

<실험예 3>Experimental Example 3

The flowable carrier blocks the light irradiated to the reactor, and when excessively charged, greatly reduces the light used for the photosynthesis reaction. In order to quantitatively evaluate the light blocking phenomenon by the fluid carrier, the photosynthetic oxygen production amount of the microalgae was measured and shown in Table 6 below.

At this time, the reactor and the measuring method used in the measurement were measured by the same reactor, method and conditions as in Experimental Example 1, the carrier filled in the reactor was made of a cylinder of 1.3cm diameter, 0.7cm height of polyethylene material, The microalgae were attached to the carrier while irradiating a red LED light source for three months using sewage and wastewater of a sewage treatment plant (Youngdeok Respia), to prepare a fluid carrier. At this time, the light source of the reactor was measured for 60 minutes while irradiating with a red LED lamp with a light amount of 50㎛ / m ² / s for 60 minutes.

Table 6

Fill amount (vol%)	10	20	30	40	50	60
Oxygen Concentration (mg O ₂ / L)	4.6	9.0	11.2	8.2	5.1	No flow

As shown in Table 6, as the filling amount of the fluidic carrier increased, light production by the fluidic carrier caused the oxygen production rate to decrease rapidly. When the fluidic carrier filling rate was less than 10 vol%, the oxygen supply was low for a short time. There was a difficulty in carrying out the nitrification reaction. Through these measurements, it was confirmed that the proper filling rate of the fluid carrier of photosynthesis and nitrification tank was 20 to 30 vol%.

The specific parts of the present invention have been described in detail above, but are not limited to those illustrated in the drawings. For those skilled in the art, these specific descriptions are merely preferred embodiments, and thus, It will be clear that the scope is not limited. Thus, the substantial scope of the present invention will be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

A biofilm filtration tank in which a part of the inflow water is introduced into the lower portion and flows upwardly to remove solids and organics of the wastewater and denitrification and dephosphorization are sequentially performed;

An anaerobic tank disposed at the rear end of the biofilm filtration tank, and a part of the inflow water is introduced to perform dephosphorization;

Photosynthesis and nitrification tanks for culturing microalgae such that nitrification, organic matter oxidation and phosphorus excess intake of the treated water treated in the biofilm filtration tank and anaerobic tank are performed; And

And a sedimentation tank separating the sludge and the symbolic water of the treated water treated in the photosynthesis and nitrification tank to return a part of the symbolic water to the biofilm filtration tank and discharging the remaining symbolic water to the final treated water.
The sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the average mixed solution suspension solids (MLSS) of the photosynthesis and nitrification tank are maintained at 500 mg / L or less.
The wastewater and wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inflow of wastewater and wastewater in the anaerobic tank is 10 to 20 vol% with respect to the total amount of inflow of wastewater and wastewater.
The sewage and wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the treated water of the biofilm filtration tank is maintained such that suspended solids (SS) is 15 mg / L or less and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is 40 mg / L or less. Processing unit.
The sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic tank and the photosynthetic nitrification tank further include a fluid carrier.
The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the filling rate of the fluid carrier in the anaerobic tank is 20 to 50 vol%.
The sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the filling rate of the fluid carrier in the photosynthesis and nitrification tank is 20 to 30 vol%.
A biofilm filtration tank in which the influent flows into the lower portion and flows upwardly to remove solids and organics of the wastewater and denitrification and dephosphorization sequentially;

Photosynthesis and nitrification tank for culturing microalgae such that nitrification, organic matter oxidation and phosphorus excess intake of the treated water treated in the biofilm filtration tank are performed; And

The sludge and the symbol water of the treated water separated from the photosynthesis and nitrification tank are separated, and a part of the symbol water is returned to the biofilm filtration tank, and the remaining symbol water is discharged to the final treated water, and the part of the separated sludge is returned to the photosynthesis and nitrification tank. , Sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus comprising a sedimentation tank for the remaining sludge.
The sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the average mixed solution suspension solids (MLSS) of the photosynthesis and nitrification tank are maintained at 500 mg / L or less.
The sewage and wastewater according to claim 8, wherein the treated water of the biofilm filtration tank is maintained so that the suspended solids (SS) is 15 mg / L or less and the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is 40 mg / L or less. Processing unit.
The wastewater and wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the photosynthesis-nitride tank further comprises a fluid carrier.
The sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the filling rate of the fluid carrier in the photosynthesis and nitrification tank is 20 to 30 vol%.