WO2015190595A1 - 軟質ポリウレタンフォーム、及びシート用パッド - Google Patents
軟質ポリウレタンフォーム、及びシート用パッド Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015190595A1 WO2015190595A1 PCT/JP2015/067011 JP2015067011W WO2015190595A1 WO 2015190595 A1 WO2015190595 A1 WO 2015190595A1 JP 2015067011 W JP2015067011 W JP 2015067011W WO 2015190595 A1 WO2015190595 A1 WO 2015190595A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polyurethane foam
- flexible polyurethane
- catalyst
- foaming
- polyol
- Prior art date
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- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical group CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 17
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
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- -1 polymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002323 Silicone foam Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 description 4
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 210000000497 foam cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012974 tin catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- GIWQSPITLQVMSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethylimidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1C GIWQSPITLQVMSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)CC1 RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1H-imidazole Chemical compound CN1C=CN=C1 MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-n,n-dimethylethanamine Chemical group CN(C)CCOCCN(C)C GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVNWKKJQEFIURY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-(2-methylpropyl)imidazole Chemical compound CC(C)CN1C=CN=C1C SVNWKKJQEFIURY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)N(C)C KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQQXCSFSYHAZOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L [acetyloxy(dioctyl)stannyl] acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Sn](OC(C)=O)(OC(C)=O)CCCCCCCC CQQXCSFSYHAZOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- WCRDXYSYPCEIAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylstannane Chemical compound CCCC[SnH2]CCCC WCRDXYSYPCEIAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BRMYZIKAHFEUFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury diacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Hg]OC(C)=O BRMYZIKAHFEUFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XFLSMWXCZBIXLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN1CCN(C)CC1 XFLSMWXCZBIXLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIGCMCZFYMPTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-3-(1,3,5-triazinan-1-yl)propan-1-amine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN1CNCNC1 RIGCMCZFYMPTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N norethisterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethyldiethylenetriamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)CCN(C)C UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- C08G18/4829—Polyethers containing at least three hydroxy groups
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- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0001—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0008—Foam properties flexible
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2120/00—Compositions for reaction injection moulding processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a flexible polyurethane foam used for various molded articles such as automobile parts and indoor household goods, and a seat pad (cushion material for a seat) using the flexible polyurethane foam.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-121918 for which it applied to Japan on June 12, 2014, and uses the content here.
- Soft polyurethane foam is used for various applications such as seat pads for vehicles such as automobiles, cushions for indoor chairs, bedding, and cushioning materials for flooring in houses. Various mechanical characteristics are required depending on the application, and a comfortable seating comfort is required for an automobile seat pad.
- the applicant has proposed a polyurethane foam of Patent Document 1 as a polyurethane foam having an appropriate repulsive force, light weight and excellent vibration absorption characteristics.
- This polyurethane foam is a polyurethane foam in which a polyurethane foam stock solution containing a polyol component and an isocyanate component is foam-molded, and a polyether polyol having a molecular weight, an unsaturation degree, and a molecular weight / functional group number within a specific range as a main component.
- Inorganic fillers that have been further treated with organic treatment are blended.
- seat pads for vehicles have been increasingly required for comfort and stability when seated.
- a lateral G acceleration in the centrifugal direction
- the buttock of the occupant's buttocks and back It is required to sufficiently support the above and reduce the feeling of wobbling (the feeling of lateral displacement).
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a seat pad having a comfortable sitting comfort and a certain sense of stability, and a flexible polyurethane foam capable of realizing the seat pad.
- a flexible polyurethane foam obtained by subjecting a foaming stock solution containing a polyol, a polyisocyanate, a crosslinking agent, a foaming agent, and a catalyst to foam molding, wherein the polyol has a weight average molecular weight Mw of 3000 to 12000, and It contains a polyether polyol having 3 to 4 functional groups, the ethylene oxide group / propylene oxide group (molar ratio) in the whole compound contained as the crosslinking agent is 100 or more, and diphenylmethane diisocyanate is an isocyanate as the polyisocyanate.
- a flexible polyurethane foam containing 70 or more equivalents.
- the foaming stock solution forming the flexible polyurethane foam of the present invention has a novel composition. As a result, comfortable sitting comfort and stability different from conventional ones can be obtained by reducing the wobble feeling when an appropriate repulsive force and lateral acceleration are applied when sitting.
- a preferred embodiment of the flexible polyurethane foam of the present invention is a flexible polyurethane foam obtained by foam-molding a foam stock solution containing a polyol, a polyisocyanate, a crosslinking agent, a foaming agent, and a catalyst.
- the following (A) to (D) are mentioned as the characteristics of the material constituting the foaming stock solution.
- (A) As the polyol component a polyether polyol having a weight average molecular weight Mw of 3000 to 12000 and a functional group number (number of hydroxyl groups) of 3 to 4 is contained.
- D) As polyisocyanate 70 or more diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) is contained by an isocyanate equivalent.
- a polyether polyol having a weight average molecular weight Mw of 3,000 to 12,000 and a functional group number (number of hydroxyl groups) of 3 to 4 is contained.
- the polyether polyol is preferably a polyether polyol obtained by ring-opening polymerization of an alkylene oxide because of good reactivity.
- the alkylene oxide include propylene oxide (PO) and ethylene oxide (EO).
- the alkylene oxide used as the material for the polyether polyol may be one kind or two or more kinds.
- the polyether polyol constituting the foaming stock solution a polyether polyol obtained by using the above PO and EO together is preferable from the viewpoint of raw material activity.
- the blending ratio (molar ratio) of PO and EO is not particularly limited.
- the EO / PO (molar ratio) is preferably 8/92 to 25/75, more preferably 13/87 to 20/80.
- the EO / PO (molar ratio) is in the above range, a polyether polyol having good reactivity can be easily produced.
- the number of hydroxyl groups (functional groups) contained in one molecule of the polyether polyol constituting the foaming stock solution is preferably 3 to 4, and more preferably 3.5 to 4. Within these preferred ranges, the viscosity of the foamed stock solution becomes moderate, and a flexible polyurethane foam having excellent physical properties can be obtained.
- a polyether polyol having two functional groups may be used in combination.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of the polyether polyol constituting the foaming stock solution is preferably 3,000 to 12,000, more preferably 3,000 to 8,000, and further preferably 5,000 to 8,000.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 12,000 or less, the viscosity of the foaming stock solution is not excessively increased, and the stirring efficiency is improved.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 3,000 or more, a flexible polyurethane foam having good rebound resilience can be obtained.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw is a value calculated as a polystyrene conversion value by gel permeation chromatography (GPC method).
- the degree of unsaturation of the polyether polyol constituting the foaming stock solution is preferably 0.03 meq / g or less.
- the degree of unsaturation is 0.03 meq / g or less, a flexible polyurethane foam having good physical properties such as durability can be obtained.
- the “unsaturation degree” was measured by a method in which acetic acid released by acting mercuric acetate on unsaturated bonds in the sample was titrated with potassium hydroxide in accordance with JIS K 1557-1970. , Meaning total unsaturation (milli equivalent / g).
- the polyether polyol contained in the foaming stock solution as the polyol component may be one type or two or more types.
- a polyether polyol having a weight average molecular weight of 7000 or more and 4 functional groups (tetrafunctional) is contained. It is preferable.
- the polyether polyol is used, the above-mentioned wobbling feeling when the flexible polyurethane foam obtained by foam molding is used as a sheet pad can be greatly reduced.
- the total content of two or more kinds of polyether polyols is preferably 60% by mass or more, more preferably 70 to 100% by mass, further preferably 80 to 100% by mass, and most preferably 85 to 100% by mass.
- a polymer polyol may be used in combination as the polyol component constituting the foaming stock solution.
- a polymer polyol widely used for polyurethane foam moldings can be applied.
- a polymer component such as polyacrylonitrile or acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer is added to a polyether polyol made of polyalkylene oxide and having a weight average molecular weight Mw of 3,000 to 8,000, more preferably 4,000 to 7,000.
- Examples include graft-polymerized polymer polyols.
- the alkylene oxide used as the raw material of the polyalkylene oxide is preferably an alkylene oxide containing propylene oxide (PO) as a functional group (polymerizable group), an alkylene oxide containing only propylene oxide, or propylene oxide and ethylene oxide (EO). More preferred are alkylene oxides included together.
- the content of the polymer component with respect to the total mass of the polymer polyol is preferably 25 to 50% by mass.
- the mixing ratio in the case of mixing the polyether polyol and the polymer polyol as the polyol component constituting the foaming stock solution is preferably 70/30 to 99/1 as the polyether polyol / polymer polyol (mass ratio). / 20 to 99/1 is more preferred, and 85/15 to 99/1 is even more preferred. Within the above range, it is easy to obtain a flexible polyurethane foam having desired physical properties.
- ⁇ Polyisocyanate component As a polyisocyanate component constituting the foaming stock solution, 70 or more diphenylmethane diisocyanate is contained in an isocyanate equivalent.
- MDI Diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- 4,4-MDI 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- 2,4-MDI 2,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- 2,2-diphenylmethane diisocyanate 2,2-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- 2,2-MDI polymeric MDI
- crude MDI crude MDI
- one type of MDI may be contained alone, or two or more types of MDI may be contained.
- “Isocyanate equivalent” representing the total amount of polyisocyanate contained in the foaming stock solution means the molar ratio of isocyanate groups when the amount of active hydrogen (mole) in the foaming stock solution is 100.
- the isocyanate equivalent derived from MDI contained in the foaming stock solution is at least 70 or more, preferably 70 to 120, more preferably 80 to 100.
- the isocyanate equivalent is 70 or more, poor stirring of the foaming stock solution can be prevented.
- production of foam collapse can be prevented as the said isocyanate equivalent is 120 or less.
- a small amount of a known polyisocyanate component other than MDI may be added in addition to the MDI of (D).
- TDI tolylene diisocyanate
- triphenyl diisocyanate triphenyl diisocyanate
- xylene diisocyanate polymethylene polyphenylene polyisocyanate
- hexamethylene diisocyanate isophorone diisocyanate and the like can be mentioned.
- the total content of at least types is preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 80 to 100% by mass, further preferably 90 to 100% by mass, and most preferably 95 to 100% by mass.
- the content of pure MDI constituting the diphenylmethane diisocyanate (D) with respect to the total mass of the polyisocyanate component contained in the foaming stock solution is preferably 40% by mass or more, more preferably 50 to 90% by mass, Is more preferably from 85 to 85% by mass, most preferably from 60 to 80% by mass.
- a cross-linking agent component constituting the foamed stock solution a cross-linking agent having a higher reactivity with respect to the polyisocyanate component than water is a main component. Is preferably included. Usually, the reactivity with respect to the polyisocyanate component decreases in the order of glycerin, a crosslinking agent having an ethylene oxide group (EO-based crosslinking agent), water, and a crosslinking agent having a propylene oxide group (PO-based crosslinking agent).
- EO-based crosslinking agent ethylene oxide group
- PO-based crosslinking agent a crosslinking agent having a propylene oxide group
- the molar ratio of the EO group to the PO group (the number of moles of EO groups / the number of moles of PO groups) of one or more compounds contained as a cross-linking agent in the foaming stock solution is 100. It is preferably above, more preferably 105 or more, and even more preferably 110 or more. A higher molar ratio is preferable. That is, it is preferable that the foaming stock solution does not substantially contain a crosslinking agent having a PO group.
- the ethylene oxide group means a group having a monovalent bond from which one hydrogen atom constituting ethylene oxide is removed.
- the propylene oxide group means a group having a monovalent bond in which one hydrogen atom constituting propylene oxide is removed.
- crosslinking agent component a known crosslinking agent used in the field of polyurethane foam can be applied.
- the molecular weight of the crosslinking agent is usually preferably 1000 or less.
- the crosslinking agent contained in the foaming stock solution may be one type or two or more types.
- a EO group / PO group (molar ratio) of 100 or more crosslinking agent and glycerin are used in combination, the mass ratio of the crosslinking agent / glycerin is preferably 10: 1 to 1:10, preferably 5: 1 to 1: 5. More preferred is 2: 1 to 1: 2.
- the total content of the crosslinking agent components contained in the foaming stock solution is preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyol component. .
- the amount is not more than the upper limit of the above range, the closed cell property becomes too high, molding becomes difficult, and foam collapse can be prevented.
- the effect of a crosslinking agent is fully acquired as it is more than the lower limit of the said range.
- a foaming agent component constituting the foaming stock solution it is preferable to use water. Since water reacts with polyisocyanate to generate carbon dioxide, it functions as a foaming agent.
- the content of water in the foaming stock solution is preferably 1 to 7 parts by mass and more preferably 2 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyol component.
- Catalyst component examples include known catalysts used in the field of polyurethane foam.
- Known catalysts include amine catalysts and tin catalysts.
- known catalysts are roughly classified into a resination catalyst that promotes the resinization of polyurethane and a foaming catalyst that promotes foaming of the polyisocyanate component.
- Suitable resination catalysts are tertiary amine catalysts that specifically promote the reaction of polyisocyanates and polyols, such as, but not limited to, triethylenediamine, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0].
- Undecene-7, and imidazoles such as 1-methylimidazole, 1,2-dimethylimidazole, 1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazole, 1,1 ′-(3- (dimethylamino) propyl) imino) bis (2- Propanol).
- a suitable foaming catalyst is a tertiary amine catalyst that particularly accelerates the reaction between isocyanate and water and effectively generates carbon dioxide, and is generally used for improving the fluidity and dimensional stability of foam.
- the foaming catalyst is not particularly limited, but is bis (2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether, N, N, N ′, N ′′, N ′′ -pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, and N, N, N ′, N ′′. , N ′ ′′, N ′ ′′ -hexamethyltriethylenetetramine and the like.
- the foaming stock solution preferably contains at least a resination catalyst as a catalyst component among a resination catalyst and a foaming catalyst.
- the mass ratio of resinization catalyst: foaming catalyst contained in the foaming stock solution is preferably from 100: 0 to 100: 100, more preferably from 100: 0 to 100: 50, further preferably from 100: 0 to 100: 20. preferable.
- the content of 1,1 ′-(3- (dimethylamino) propyl) imino) bis (2-propanol) as the resinification catalyst is 0.1 to 2.0 with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyol component. It is preferably part by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 1.5 parts by mass, further preferably 0.3 to 1.2 parts by mass, and 0.4 to 0.9 parts by mass. It is particularly preferred. Within the above range, a flexible polyurethane foam having desired physical properties can be easily obtained.
- the total content of both catalysts is The amount is preferably 0.1 to 1.5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.4 to 1.2 parts by weight, and 0.7 to 1.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyol component. More preferably. Within the above range, a flexible polyurethane foam having desired physical properties can be easily obtained.
- the amine-based catalyst has a ratio of the foaming catalyst constant to the gelation catalyst constant of 10 ⁇ 10 in order to accelerate the resinification (gelation) reaction between polyols and polyisocyanates and promote urethane bond formation. It is preferable to use a resinification catalyst that is ⁇ 1 or less.
- the gelation catalyst constant is a constant that determines the speed of the resinification reaction between polyols and polyisocyanates. As the value increases, the crosslink density of the foam increases and the mechanical properties of the foam increase. become good.
- the reaction constant of the gelation reaction between tolylene diisocyanate and diethylene glycol is used.
- the foaming catalyst constant is a constant that determines the speed of the foaming reaction between the polyisocyanates and water, and the larger the value, the higher the cell connectivity of the foam.
- the reaction constant of the foaming reaction between tolylene diisocyanate and water is used.
- the ratio of the two catalyst constants represents the balance of both catalysts. Examples of suitable amine-based catalysts are exemplified below including specific examples of the resinification catalyst.
- the resinification catalyst include the above-mentioned catalysts, including triethylenediamine (TEDA), a mixture of triethylenediamine and polypropylene glycol, N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine, N, N, N ', N'-tetramethylpropylenediamine, N, N, N', N ", N" -pentamethyl- (3-aminopropyl) ethylenediamine, N, N, N ', N ", N” -pentamethyldipropylene Tertiary amines such as triamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylguanidine, 135-tris (N, N-dimethylaminopropyl) hexahydro-S-triazine, 1-methylimidazole, 1,2-dimethyl Imidazoles such as imidazole and 1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazole, and other N, N, N, N,
- the content of the amine-based catalyst in the foaming stock solution is preferably 0.1 to 0.4 parts by mass, and preferably 0.2 to 0.4 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyol component. Is more preferably 0.3 to 0.4 parts by mass.
- the lower limit of the above range is 0.1 parts by mass or more, foam collapse can be prevented.
- the upper limit of the above range is 0.4 parts by mass or less, it is possible to prevent shrinkage from occurring due to closed cells.
- tin catalyst examples include known organotin catalysts such as stannous octoate, stannous laurate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dimaleate, dibutyltin diacetate, dioctyltin diacetate, and tin octylate.
- the content of the tin catalyst in the foaming stock solution is preferably 0.01 to 0.5 parts by mass, and 0.01 to 0.4 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyol component. More preferred is 0.01 to 0.2 parts by mass.
- the foaming stock solution may contain a foam stabilizer.
- foam stabilizer known foam stabilizers used in the field of polyurethane foam are applicable, and examples thereof include silicone foam stabilizers, anionic foam stabilizers, and cationic foam stabilizers. These foam stabilizers include foam stabilizers having a hydroxyl group at the molecular chain terminal.
- the foam stabilizer in the foaming stock solution is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 3 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.3 to 0.8 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyol component. Part by mass is more preferable. Usually, the effect as a foam stabilizer is sufficiently obtained at a content of 5 parts by mass or less. Moreover, the stirring rate of a polyol component and a polyisocyanate component improves that it is a content rate of 0.1 mass part or more, and the flexible polyurethane foam which has a desired physical property is easy to be obtained.
- additives may be added to the foaming stock solution as necessary.
- coloring agents such as pigments, chain extenders, fillers such as calcium carbonate, flame retardants, antioxidants, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, conductive materials such as carbon black, antibacterial agents, etc. it can.
- the compounding quantity of various additives is suitably adjusted according to a use and the objective.
- the method for preparing the foaming stock solution is not particularly limited. For example, a mixture composed of the remaining components excluding the polyisocyanate component (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “polyol mixture”) is prepared, and then. The preparation method which mixes with a polyisocyanate component and obtains foaming stock solution is mentioned.
- the polyol mixture is prepared by first mixing the catalyst component with the polyol component in order to reduce the contact between the foaming agent water and the catalyst component, then the foam stabilizer component, the crosslinker component, and if necessary. Accordingly, it is preferable to mix optional components and finally mix water as a blowing agent. Thereafter, in the step of foam-molding the flexible polyurethane foam, it is preferable to prepare the foaming stock solution by mixing the polyol mixture and the polyisocyanate component.
- the viscosity of the prepared polyol mixture at a liquid temperature of 25 ° C. is preferably 2,400 mPa ⁇ s or less, and more preferably 1,800 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- the stirring efficiency of the foaming stock solution is improved, and a sufficient amount of foaming is obtained uniformly throughout the foaming stock solution, thereby obtaining a flexible polyurethane foam (foamed molded product) having desired physical properties. It becomes easy to be done.
- a method for foam-molding a flexible polyurethane foam using the foaming stock solution is not particularly limited.
- a known method for foaming by injecting a foaming stock solution into a cavity formed in a mold can be applied. .
- the foaming stock solution in order to prevent separation of each component constituting the foaming stock solution, it is preferable to prepare the foaming stock solution by mixing the above-mentioned components immediately before injecting the foaming stock solution into the cavity.
- the liquid temperature of the foaming stock solution to be injected is preferably 10 to 50 ° C., more preferably 20 to 40 ° C., and further preferably 25 to 35 ° C.
- the temperature of the mold is preferably 40 to 80 ° C., more preferably 50 to 70 ° C., and further preferably 60 to 65 ° C.
- appropriate foaming can be obtained.
- the target flexible polyurethane foam is obtained by curing in a mold and then demolding.
- the flexible polyurethane foam obtained here may be further subjected to a known film removal treatment.
- the flexible polyurethane foam according to the present invention gradually increases in rigidity (hardness) in the thickness direction from the lower layer to the upper layer during foam molding (that is, the upward direction along the vertical line).
- the rigidity distribution in the thickness direction of the flexible polyurethane foam according to the present invention shows a continuous increasing tendency or a decreasing tendency.
- the rigidity distribution tends to increase when viewed from the lower layer to the upper layer during foam molding of flexible polyurethane foam, but when the same flexible polyurethane foam is viewed from the upper layer to the lower layer during foam molding, the rigidity distribution The distribution shows a decreasing trend.
- the main polymerizable group (reactive group) of the crosslinker component is an EO group
- the PO group that does not substantially exhibit a crosslinking effect is not included in the crosslinker component
- polyisocyanate It is considered that a large factor is that MDI is contained as a major part of the component and that TDI is little or not contained.
- glycerin is contained as a cross-linking agent component and that a resinification catalyst is contained as a catalyst component contributes to the above-described rigidity distribution.
- the degree of flatness of the foamed cell shape appearing in the cross section tends to gradually increase from the upper layer to the lower layer during foam molding. It is done.
- the foam cell located in the lower layer at the time of foam molding is crushed in the direction of gravity and exhibits a horizontally long flat shape (elliptical shape), and the foam cell located in the middle layer
- the degree of flatness is relatively relaxed and approaches a circle, and the degree of flatness in the foam cell located in the upper layer is further relaxed and tends to be closer to a circle.
- the “soft” of the flexible polyurethane foam according to the present invention has a hardness (rigidity) to the extent that the flexible polyurethane foam is deformed and dented when it is pushed by hand or sitting on it. Means.
- Examples 1 to 30, Comparative Examples 1 to 6 In the formulations shown in Tables 1 to 5, a mixed liquid containing components other than polyisocyanate and polyisocyanate were mixed to prepare a foaming stock solution. The foaming stock solution was poured into a mold and foamed to produce a sheet pad having a thickness of 70 mm. About the obtained pad for sheets, hardness was measured with the following measuring method and the following evaluation was performed.
- the results of the above measurements are shown in Tables 1-5.
- the unit of the measured value is (unit: N / mm 2 ).
- the column of “depth 10.5% from the surface layer” corresponds to the first evaluation sample
- the column “depth 31.6% from the surface layer” corresponds to the second evaluation sample
- the column “depth 52.6% from the surface layer” corresponds to the third evaluation sample
- the column “depth 73.7% from the surface layer” corresponds to the fourth evaluation sample.
- each molded body was measured for 25% hardness according to JIS K 6400-2.
- Each measured value (unit: N / mm 2 ) is shown in Tables 1 to 5.
- ⁇ Hardness ratio> The average of the measured values of the hardness at the four locations with different depth positions from the surface measured above was calculated, and the hardness ratio of each location relative to the average value was calculated.
- This hardness ratio means the ratio of the hardness of each location (each depth position) to the average hardness in the thickness direction of the foamed molded product.
- the hardness in the thickness direction from the front surface to the back surface is continuously increased. That is, the rigidity distribution in the thickness direction shows a continuous increasing tendency. As a result, the wobbling sensation required for sheet pad applications is sufficiently reduced. Further, since the hardness ratio near the surface is relatively small, the repulsive force at the time of sitting is moderate, and the feeling of pressure from the seating surface is small, so that a comfortable sitting comfort different from the conventional one can be obtained.
- the soft polyurethane foams of Examples 10 to 30 continuously increase in hardness in the thickness direction from the front surface to the back surface. As a result, the wobbling sensation required for sheet pad applications is sufficiently reduced. Further, since the hardness ratio near the surface is relatively small, the repulsive force at the time of sitting is moderate, and the feeling of pressure from the seating surface is small, so that a comfortable sitting comfort different from the conventional one can be obtained.
- the flexible polyurethane foams of Examples 1 to 30 show the above-mentioned stiffness distribution.
- the foamed stock solution of the flexible polyurethane foam contains MDI as a main polyisocyanate component and contains a large amount of glycerin as a crosslinking agent.
- the PO-based crosslinking agent is substantially not contained, the EO-based crosslinking agent is included as the main crosslinking agent component, and the resinization catalyst is included as the main catalyst component, Any one or more of these can be considered.
- the soft polyurethane foams of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have a hardness ratio of 31.6% lower than the hardness ratio of 10.5% deep. With such a stiffness distribution, when a lateral G is added, the soft polyurethane foam feels laterally displaced in the middle layer deeper than the surface layer close to the seating surface, and a sense of wobbling tends to occur.
- the reason why the flexible polyurethane foams of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 show the above-mentioned rigidity distribution is that the foamed stock solution of the flexible polyurethane foam does not contain glycerin as a crosslinking agent, and contains a large amount of PO-based crosslinking agent as a crosslinking agent. Or a large amount of a foaming catalyst as a catalyst or a large amount of a foam stabilizer.
- the soft polyurethane foams of Comparative Examples 3 to 6 and Comparative Examples 7 to 9 have improved wobble feeling compared to Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- the stiffness distribution in the thickness direction shown in FIG. 1 shows a continuous increasing trend, but the hardness ratio at a depth of 10.5% is higher than that of the example, so that a sense of stability when seated (fold feeling) When the lateral G is added, the sense of stability is relatively small, and the reduction of the wobble feeling is relatively small.
- the reason why the flexible polyurethane foam of Comparative Example 3 exhibits the above-described rigidity distribution is that the foamed stock solution of the flexible polyurethane foam does not contain a crosslinking agent, contains a large amount of a foaming catalyst as a catalyst, and a foam stabilizer. Any one or more of the above may be considered.
- the foamed stock solution of the flexible polyurethane foam contains a large amount of a PO-based crosslinking agent as a crosslinking agent and a large amount of a foaming catalyst as a catalyst. Any one or more of being included and containing a large amount of foam stabilizer.
- the reason why the flexible polyurethane foam of Comparative Example 7 (not shown) exhibits the above stiffness distribution is that the foamed stock solution of the flexible polyurethane foam contains a polymer polyol, does not contain glycerin as a crosslinking agent, Any one or more of a large number of foaming catalysts may be considered as the catalyst.
- the reason why the flexible polyurethane foam of Comparative Example 8 (not shown) exhibits the above rigidity distribution is that the foamed stock solution of the flexible polyurethane foam contains a polymer polyol, does not contain glycerin as a crosslinking agent, Any one or more of including triethylenediamine as a catalyst is conceivable.
- the foamed stock solution of the flexible polyurethane foam contains a polymer polyol, does not contain a crosslinking agent, and a foam stabilizer. Any one or more of the following may be included: a large amount of N, N-dimethyldecylamine as a catalyst.
- Polyether polyol A1-1 is a trifunctional polyether polyol having an EO / PO molar ratio of 13/87, a weight average molecular weight of 7000.
- Polyether polyol A1-2 is a trifunctional polyether polyol having an EO / PO molar ratio of 15/85, a weight average molecular weight of 6000.
- Polyether polyol A1-3 is a trifunctional polyether polyol having an EO / PO molar ratio of 15/85, a weight average molecular weight of 5,000.
- Polyether polyol A1-4 is an EO / PO molar ratio of 16/84, a weight average molecular weight of 7000, and a tetrafunctional polyether polyol.
- Polymer polyol A2-1 is a polymer polyol having a solid content of 33%, a hydroxyl value of 23 mg KOH / g, a weight average molecular weight of 5400, and a 3.2 functional polymer (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name: KC855).
- Crosslinking agent C-1 is a commercially available crosslinking agent (trade name: SC 490) having an EO / PO molar ratio of 0/100.
- Crosslinking agent C-2 is a commercially available polyether polyol (trade name: polyether polyol E) having an EO / PO molar ratio of 100/0, a molecular weight of 400, and a functional group number of 4.
- Crosslinking agent C-3 is glycerin.
- Catalyst E-1 is an amine-based resinification catalyst (trade name: Dabco MP602, manufactured by Air Products).
- Catalyst E-2 is a commercially available resinification catalyst and is 1,1 ′-(3- (dimethylamino) propyl) imino) bis (2-propanol).
- Catalyst E-3 is a commercially available foaming catalyst, and is bis [2- (dimethylamino) ethyl] ether (trade name: Dabco NE300, manufactured by Air Products).
- Catalyst E-4 is a commercially available foaming catalyst (trade name: Pharmin DM1098, manufactured by Kao Corporation), and is N, N-dimethyldecylamine.
- Catalyst E-5 is a commercially available diethanolamine.
- Catalyst E-6 is TOYOCAT ET33B (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation).
- Catalyst E-7 is commercially available triethylenediamine (33%) (trade name: 33LV).
- “Foam stabilizer F-1” is a low activity silicone foam stabilizer (trade name: B8746) manufactured by Evonik.
- “Foam stabilizer F-2” is a low activity silicone foam stabilizer (trade name: B8734) manufactured by Evonik.
- “Foam stabilizer F-3” is a highly active silicone foam stabilizer (trade name: B8742) manufactured by Evonik.
- “Foaming agent G-1” is water.
- “Polyisocyanate (B-1)” is an MDI isocyanate called “NE135” manufactured by DOW. TDI-based isocyanate is not substantially contained.
- “Polyisocyanate (B-2)” is an isocyanate called “WANATE 88001” manufactured by Wanhua Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Polyisocyanate (B-3) is an isocyanate called “J243” manufactured by SBU.
- Polyisocyanate (B-4) is a mixture of 75 MDI-based isocyanates called “NE135” made by DOW and 25 called “44V20” made by SBU. ing.
- Polyisocyanate (B-5) is a mixture of 50 MDI-based isocyanates called “NE135” manufactured by DOW and 50 “isocyanates” called “44V20” manufactured by SBU. ing.
- Polyisocyanate (B-6)” is a mixture of 90 MDI isocyanates called “NE135” manufactured by DOW and 10 TDI (T-80).
- the flexible polyurethane foam according to the present invention can be widely used as a vehicle seat pad. Further, it is possible to provide a seat pad having a comfortable sitting comfort and a certain sense of stability, and a flexible polyurethane foam capable of realizing the seat pad.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本願は、2014年6月12日に日本に出願された特願2014-121918号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(B) 架橋剤成分として発泡原液中に含まれる化合物の全体(架橋剤の総体)におけるエチレンオキシド基/プロピレンオキシド基(モル比)は100以上である。
(C) 連通化剤として含まれる化合物の全体におけるエチレンオキシド基/プロピレンオキシド基(モル比)が2以上である。
(D) ポリイソシアネートとして、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)をイソシアネート当量で70以上含有する。
前記発泡原液を構成するポリオール成分として、重量平均分子量Mwが3,000~12,000であり、且つ官能基数(ヒドロキシル基の数)が3~4であるポリエーテルポリオールを含有する。上記ポリエーテルポリオールとしては、反応性が良好であることから、アルキレンオキシドの開環重合により得られるポリエーテルポリオールが好ましい。アルキレンオキシドとしては、プロピレンオキシド(PO)、エチレンオキシド(EO)等が挙げられる。ポリエーテルポリオールの材料として使用されるアルキレンオキシドは1種類であってもよいし、2種類以上であってもよい。
前記発泡原液を構成するポリイソシアネート成分として、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートをイソシアネート当量で70以上含有する。
前記発泡原液が発泡成形されてなる軟質ポリウレタンフォームが所望の物性を有するために、前記発泡原液を構成する架橋剤成分として、前記ポリイソシアネート成分に対する反応性が水よりも高い架橋剤が、主成分として含まれることが好ましい。通常、グリセリン、エチレンオキシド基を有する架橋剤(EO系架橋剤)、水、プロピレンオキシド基を有する架橋剤(PO系架橋剤)の順で、前記ポリイソシアネート成分に対する反応性が低下する。これに基づいて、前記発泡原液に架橋剤として含有される1種又は2種以上の化合物の全体が有するEO基とPO基のモル比(EO基のモル数/PO基のモル数)は100以上であることが好ましく、105以上であることがより好ましく、110以上であることがさらに好ましい。このモル比は高い程好ましい。つまり、前記発泡原液において、PO基を有する架橋剤が実質的には含有されないことが好ましい。
前記発泡原液を構成する発泡剤成分としては、水を用いることが好ましい。水はポリイソシアネートと反応して炭酸ガスを発生するため、発泡剤として機能する。
前記発泡原液中の水の含有量としては、ポリオール成分100質量部に対して、1~7質量部であることが好ましく、2~5質量部であることがより好ましい。上記範囲であると、所望の物性を有する軟質ポリウレタンフォームが容易に得られる。また、得られた軟質ポリウレタンフォームの熱圧縮残留歪み特性が劣化することを防止できる。
前記発泡原液を構成する触媒成分としては、ポリウレタンフォームの分野で使用される公知の触媒が挙げられる。公知の触媒としては、アミン系触媒、スズ触媒が挙げられる。
好適な樹脂化触媒は、ポリイソシアネートとポリオールの反応を特に促進する第三級アミン触媒であり、特に限定するものではないが、例えば、トリエチレンジアミン、1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデセン-7、及び1-メチルイミダゾール、1、2-ジメチルイミダゾール、1-イソブチル-2-メチルイミダゾール等のイミダゾール類、1,1’-(3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル)イミノ)ビス(2-プロパノール)が挙げられる。また好適な泡化触媒は、イソシアネ-トと水の反応を特に促進し、炭酸ガスを有効に発生させる第三級アミン触媒であり、一般的にフォームの流動性、寸法安定性改良に使用される。泡化触媒としては特に限定するものではないが、ビス(2-ジメチルアミノエチル)エーテル、N,N,N′,N″,N″-ペンタメチルジエチレントリアミン、及びN,N,N′,N″,N''' ,N''' -ヘキサメチルトリエチレンテトラミン等が挙げられる。
前記発泡原液に含有される、樹脂化触媒:泡化触媒の質量比は、100:0~100:100が好ましく、100:0~100:50がより好ましく、100:0~100:20がさらに好ましい。
ここで、ゲル化触媒定数は、ポリオール類とポリイソシアネート類との樹脂化反応の速度を決定する定数であり、その値が大きくなると発泡体の架橋密度が高くなって発泡体の機械的物性が良好になる。具体的には、トリレンジイソシアネートとジエチレングリコールとのゲル化反応の反応定数が用いられる。一方、泡化触媒定数は、ポリイソシアネート類と水との泡化反応の速度を決定する定数であり、その値が大きくなると発泡体のセルの連通性が高められる。具体的には、トリレンジイソシアネートと水との泡化反応の反応定数が用いられる。上記2つの触媒定数の比は、両方の触媒のバランスを表す。
好適なアミン系触媒の例を、前記樹脂化触媒の具体例も含めて以下に例示する。
前記発泡原液には、整泡剤が含まれてもよい。整泡剤としては、ポリウレタンフォームの分野で使用される公知の整泡剤が適用可能であり、例えば、シリコーン系整泡剤、アニオン系整泡剤、カチオン系整泡剤が挙げられる。これらの整泡剤には、分子鎖末端に水酸基を有する整泡剤が含まれる。
前記発泡原液には、必要に応じて各種添加剤を配合することができる。例えば、顔料等の着色剤、鎖延長剤、炭酸カルシウム等の充填材、難燃剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、カーボンブラック等の導電性物質、抗菌剤などを配合することができる。各種添加剤の配合量は、用途や目的に応じて適宜調整される。
前記発泡原液の調製方法は、特に限定されず、例えば、ポリイソシアネート成分を除いた、残りの各成分からなる混合物(以下、「ポリオール混合物」と略記することがある。)を調製し、その後、ポリイソシアネート成分と混合して、発泡原液を得る調製方法が挙げられる。
その後、軟質ポリウレタンフォームを発泡成形する工程において、前記ポリオール混合物とポリイソシアネート成分とを混合し、発泡原液を調製することが好ましい。
発泡成形の方法によらず、本発明にかかる軟質ポリウレタンフォームは、発泡成形時の下層から上層へ向かう厚み方向(すなわち鉛直線に沿う上向きの方向)に向かって、徐々に剛性(硬度)が高まる傾向にある。つまり、本発明にかかる軟質ポリウレタンフォームの厚み方向の剛性分布が、連続的な増加傾向又は減少傾向を示す。ここで、軟質ポリウレタンフォームの発泡成形時の下層から上層へ向かう方向に見るとその剛性分布は増加傾向を示すが、同じ軟質ポリウレタンフォームを発泡成形時の上層から下層へ向かう方向に見るとその剛性分布は減少傾向を示す。
表1~表5に示す配合で、ポリイソシアネート以外の成分を含む混合液と、ポリイソシアネートとを混合して、発泡原液を調製した。この発泡原液を金型に注入して、発泡成形することにより、厚み70mmのシート用パッドを製造した。得られたシート用パッドについて、下記の測定方法により硬度を測定し、以下の評価を行った。
以下、発泡成形時の上下の向きを反転させて、発泡成形時の下面を表面と見て、発泡成形時の上面を裏面と見る。この理由は、軟質ポリウレタンフォームをシート用パッドとして使用する場合、シート用パッドの座面に対応する前記表面側が柔らかく、座面と反対側の前記裏面側が硬い構成であると、安定した座り心地が得られ易いからである。
上記で測定した硬度とは別に、各成形体についてJIS K 6400-2に準拠して、25%硬度を測定した。各測定値(単位:N/mm2)を表1~5に示す。
上記で測定した、表面からの深さ位置が異なる4箇所の硬度の測定値の平均を算出して、その平均値に対する各箇所の硬度比を算出した。この硬度比は、発泡成形体の厚み方向の平均的な硬度に対する各箇所(各深さ位置)の硬度の比を意味する。これらの結果を表1~5に示す。また、実施例1~9及び比較例1~6に関し、横軸に各深さ位置をとり、縦軸に硬度比をとったグラフを図1に示す。
深さ10.5%(第一評価サンプル)の硬度比が深さ31.6%(第二評価サンプル)の硬度比よりも大きい場合、シート用パッドとして求められる安定感が足りず、横方向のGが加わった場合のぐらつき感が大きい「×」と判断した。
深さ10.5%の硬度比が深さ31.6%の硬度比よりも小さく、且つ、深さ10.5%の硬度比が0.85以上1未満である場合、シート用パッドとして求められる安定感が少し感じられ、横方向のGが加わった場合のぐらつき感が少し低減されている「△」と判断した。
深さ10.5%の硬度比が深さ31.6%の硬度比よりも小さく、且つ、深さ10.5%の硬度比が0.75以上0.85未満である場合、シート用パッドとして求められる安定感があり、横方向のGが加わった場合のぐらつき感が低減されている「○」と判断した。
深さ10.5%の硬度比が深さ31.6%の硬度比よりも小さく、且つ、深さ10.5%の硬度比が0.70以上0.75未満である場合、シート用パッドとして求められる安定感が良好であり、横方向のGが加わった場合のぐらつき感の低減が良好である「◎」と判断した。
深さ10.5%の硬度比が深さ31.6%の硬度比よりも小さく、且つ、深さ10.5%の硬度比が0.70未満である場合、シート用パッドとして求められる安定感が優れ、横方向のGが加わった場合のぐらつき感の低減が優れている「◎◎」と判断した。これらの評価結果を表6及び表7に示す。
「ポリエーテルポリオールA1-1」は、EO/POモル比13/87、重量平均分子量7000、3官能のポリエーテルポリオールである。
「ポリエーテルポリオールA1-2」は、EO/POモル比15/85、重量平均分子量6000、3官能のポリエーテルポリオールである。
「ポリエーテルポリオールA1-3」は、EO/POモル比15/85、重量平均分子量5000、3官能のポリエーテルポリオールである。
「ポリエーテルポリオールA1-4」は、EO/POモル比16/84、重量平均分子量7000、4官能のポリエーテルポリオールである。
「ポリマーポリオールA2-1」は、固形分33%、水酸基価23mgKOH/g、重量平均分子量5400、3.2官能のポリマーポリオール(三洋化成工業株式会社製、商品名:KC855)である。
「架橋剤C-2」は、EO/POモル比100/0、分子量400、官能基数4の市販のポリエーテルポリオール(商品名:ポリエーテルポリオールE)である。
「架橋剤C-3」は、グリセリンである。
「架橋剤D-1」は、分子量3400、f=3、EO%=70%、EO/POモル比ランダムの市販の架橋剤(商品名:FA103)である。
「架橋剤D-2」は、分子量3400、f=6、EO%=82%、EO/POモル比ランダムの市販の架橋剤(商品名:M9185)である。
「架橋剤D-3」は、分子量7000、f=3、EO%=70%、EO/POモル比ランダムの市販の架橋剤(商品名:FA153)である。
「触媒E-2」は、市販の樹脂化触媒であり、1,1'-(3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル)イミノ)ビス(2-プロパノール)である。
「触媒E-3」は、市販の泡化触媒であり、ビス[2-(ジメチルアミノ)エチル]エーテル(エアープロダクツ社製、商品名:Dabco NE300)である。
「触媒E-4」は、市販の泡化触媒(花王社製、商品名:ファーミン DM1098)であり、N,N-ジメチルデシルアミンである。
「触媒E-5」は、市販のジエタノールアミンである。
「触媒E-6」は、TOYOCAT ET33B(東ソー社製)である。
「触媒E-7」は、市販のトリエチレンジアミン(33%)(商品名:33LV)である。
「整泡剤F-2」は、エボニック社製の低活性型のシリコーン系整泡剤(商品名:B8734)である。
「整泡剤F-3」は、エボニック社製の高活性型のシリコーン系整泡剤(商品名:B8742)である。
「発泡剤G-1」は、水である。
「ポリイソシアネート(B-1)」は、DOW社製の「NE135」と称されるMDI系のイソシアネートである。TDI系のイソシアネートは実質的に含まれない。
「ポリイソシアネート(B-2)」は、万華化学社製の「WANNATE88001」と称されるイソシアネートである。
「ポリイソシアネート(B-3)」は、SBU社製の「J243」と称されるイソシアネートである。
「ポリイソシアネート(B-4)」は、DOW社製の「NE135」と称されるMDI系のイソシアネートが75に対し、SBU社製の「44V20」と称されるイソシアネートが25の割合で混合されている。
「ポリイソシアネート(B-5)」は、DOW社製の「NE135」と称されるMDI系のイソシアネートが50に対し、SBU社製の「44V20」と称されるイソシアネートが50の割合で混合されている。「ポリイソシアネート(B-6)」は、DOW社製の「NE135」と称されるMDI系のイソシアネートが90に対し、TDI(T-80)が10の割合で混合されている。
Claims (7)
- ポリオール、ポリイソシアネート、架橋剤、発泡剤、及び触媒を含有する発泡原液を発泡成形して得られる軟質ポリウレタンフォームであって、
前記ポリオールとして、重量平均分子量Mwが3000~12000であり且つ官能基数が3~4であるポリエーテルポリオールを含有し、
前記架橋剤として含まれる化合物の全体におけるエチレンオキシド基/プロピレンオキシド基(モル比)が100以上であり、
前記ポリイソシアネートとして、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートをイソシアネート当量で70以上含有する軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。 - 前記触媒として、樹脂化触媒及び泡化触媒のうち少なくとも樹脂化触媒を含有し、
前記樹脂化触媒:前記泡化触媒の質量比が100:0~100:100である請求項1に記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。 - 前記発泡原液に含まれるポリエーテルポリオールが1種であり、前記ポリエーテルポリオールが有する官能基数が3.5以上である請求項1又は2に記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
- 前記ポリオールとして、ポリマーポリオールを含有する請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
- 前記軟質ポリウレタンフォームの厚み方向の剛性分布が、連続的な増加傾向又は減少傾向を示す請求項1~4の何れか一項に記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
- 請求項1~5の何れか一項に記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォームが使用されたシート用パッド。
- 連通化剤をさらに含み、前記連通化剤として含まれる化合物の全体におけるエチレンオキシド基/プロピレンオキシド基(モル比)が2以上である、請求項1~6の何れか一項に記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201580030708.4A CN106661181A (zh) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-06-12 | 软质聚氨酯泡沫和座垫 |
JP2016527892A JP6484622B2 (ja) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-06-12 | 軟質ポリウレタンフォーム、及びシート用パッド |
US15/317,054 US20170121448A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-06-12 | Soft polyurethane foam and sheet pad |
EP15806016.0A EP3156431A4 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-06-12 | Soft polyurethane foam and pad for seat |
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WO2015190595A1 true WO2015190595A1 (ja) | 2015-12-17 |
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PCT/JP2015/067011 WO2015190595A1 (ja) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-06-12 | 軟質ポリウレタンフォーム、及びシート用パッド |
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US (1) | US20170121448A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3156431A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6484622B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN106661181A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015190595A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
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WO2018235515A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-12-27 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 軟質ポリウレタンフォーム用組成物、軟質ポリウレタンフォーム並びに車両用シートパッド |
JPWO2018230320A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-16 | 2020-04-16 | 株式会社大阪ソーダ | ポリエーテル重合体 |
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HUE060823T2 (hu) * | 2015-08-17 | 2023-04-28 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Poliuretán rugalmas habok javított keménységgel |
JP6741420B2 (ja) * | 2015-12-16 | 2020-08-19 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 乗り物のシート用パッド形成用軟質ポリウレタンフォーム、及び乗り物のシート用パッド |
MX2021016083A (es) | 2019-06-26 | 2022-02-03 | Huntsman Int Llc | Proceso para fabricar una espuma de poliuretano flexible que tiene un gradiente de dureza. |
CN115850631A (zh) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-28 | 阿基里斯株式会社 | 聚氨基甲酸酯泡沫以及鞋底 |
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- 2015-06-12 WO PCT/JP2015/067011 patent/WO2015190595A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2015-06-12 CN CN201580030708.4A patent/CN106661181A/zh active Pending
- 2015-06-12 JP JP2016527892A patent/JP6484622B2/ja active Active
- 2015-06-12 EP EP15806016.0A patent/EP3156431A4/en not_active Ceased
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Cited By (5)
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JPWO2018230320A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-16 | 2020-04-16 | 株式会社大阪ソーダ | ポリエーテル重合体 |
JP7192767B2 (ja) | 2017-06-16 | 2022-12-20 | 株式会社大阪ソーダ | ポリエーテル重合体 |
WO2018235515A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-12-27 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 軟質ポリウレタンフォーム用組成物、軟質ポリウレタンフォーム並びに車両用シートパッド |
JPWO2018235515A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-20 | 2020-04-23 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 軟質ポリウレタンフォーム用組成物、軟質ポリウレタンフォーム並びに車両用シートパッド |
JP7113011B2 (ja) | 2017-06-20 | 2022-08-04 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 軟質ポリウレタンフォーム用組成物、軟質ポリウレタンフォーム並びに車両用シートパッド |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2015190595A1 (ja) | 2018-03-01 |
JP6484622B2 (ja) | 2019-03-13 |
CN106661181A (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
EP3156431A1 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
EP3156431A4 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
US20170121448A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
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