WO2015159557A1 - 樹脂組成物、電子写真用トナー、ホットメルト組成物およびエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体 - Google Patents
樹脂組成物、電子写真用トナー、ホットメルト組成物およびエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015159557A1 WO2015159557A1 PCT/JP2015/002130 JP2015002130W WO2015159557A1 WO 2015159557 A1 WO2015159557 A1 WO 2015159557A1 JP 2015002130 W JP2015002130 W JP 2015002130W WO 2015159557 A1 WO2015159557 A1 WO 2015159557A1
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- Prior art keywords
- ethylene
- olefin copolymer
- resin
- toner
- measured
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- 150000002688 maleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- AWJZTPWDQYFQPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-chloroprop-2-enoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(Cl)=C AWJZTPWDQYFQPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- VENDXQNWODZJGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-amino-5-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)benzamide Chemical compound C1=C(N)C(OC)=CC(NC(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C VENDXQNWODZJGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-vinylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C=C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HILCQVNWWOARMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N non-1-en-3-one Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)C=C HILCQVNWWOARMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical class C=CC(=O)C=C UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 description 1
- WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O phenylazanium Chemical compound [NH3+]C1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000088 plastic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001490 poly(butyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013615 primer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002987 primer (paints) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012752 quinoline yellow Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004172 quinoline yellow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940051201 quinoline yellow Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003066 styrene-(meth)acrylic acid ester copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005792 styrene-acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009988 textile finishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006230 thermoplastic polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 1
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl methyl ketone Natural products CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr]Cl VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing four or more carbon atoms
- C08L23/0815—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing four or more carbon atoms with aliphatic 1-olefins containing one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/16—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09J123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing more than three carbon atoms
- C09J123/0815—Copolymers of ethene with aliphatic 1-olefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09J123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C09J123/0853—Vinylacetate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08702—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08704—Polyalkenes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08702—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08706—Polymers of alkenyl-aromatic compounds
- G03G9/08708—Copolymers of styrene
- G03G9/08711—Copolymers of styrene with esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid
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- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08795—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by their chemical properties, e.g. acidity, molecular weight, sensitivity to reactants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08797—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by their physical properties, e.g. viscosity, solubility, melting temperature, softening temperature, glass transition temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
- G03G9/0902—Inorganic compounds
- G03G9/0904—Carbon black
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/28—Non-macromolecular organic substances
- C08L2666/30—Hydrocarbons
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a resin composition, an electrophotographic toner, a hot melt composition, and an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer.
- a resin containing a structural unit derived from ethylene and a structural unit derived from ⁇ -olefin (hereinafter also referred to as ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer) is used as a hot melt composition for electrophotographic toners and hot melt adhesives. It is a composition having a wide range of application fields such as being used.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer is used in combination with various resins.
- an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer can be used for toner for image formation by using it together with a binder resin for toner.
- a resin for imparting desired properties to the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer it can be used as a hot melt composition for a hot melt adhesive.
- the offset phenomenon refers to the toner that is transferred to the paper from the image developed on the photoconductor or the toner that is directly attached to the paper on which the photosensitive layer is formed by bringing a heating body such as a heating roller into contact with the toner.
- a heating body such as a heating roller
- a part of the toner adheres to the surface of the heating body and is transferred to the subsequent image portion.
- a nonpolar wax such as a low molecular weight polyethylene wax or a low molecular weight polypropylene wax is added to the toner, it is considered that the toner is given release properties from the heating body, so that the occurrence of an offset phenomenon is reduced.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 It has been proposed to use an ethylene / 1-butene copolymer wax as a wax for improving offset resistance (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- the above toner can be easily fixed by a relatively low temperature (around 130 ° C.) heating body (low temperature fixability), and the toner has been stored. It has been found that there is room for further improvement in toner blocking (increase in particle size) due to the occurrence of stickiness (toner storage stability). As for the latter, it has been found that if wax blocking occurs during heat curing, the particle size of the toner increases and the handling properties may decrease.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a toner that can be easily fixed by a relatively low-temperature heating body, has good offset resistance, and has a small increase in particle diameter even when the toner is stored for a long period of time. It is to provide a resin composition containing a useful ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer, and such an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer.
- this invention relates to the following resin compositions.
- [ (A) + (b) 100 mol parts]
- a resin composition comprising at least one selected resin (B) and having a mass ratio of (A) to (B) [(A) / (B)] of 0.1 / 99.9 to 50/50 object.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) measured by GPC is in the range of 400 to 1,500.
- the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) measured by GPC is in the range of 1.2 to 2.5.
- the penetration measured at 25 ° C. is 13 dmm or less in accordance with JIS K 2207.
- the melting point (Tm) measured by DSC is in the range of 50 to 110 ° C.
- the present invention also relates to the following toner.
- An electrophotographic toner comprising the resin composition according to any one of [1] to [7] and a colorant.
- a hot melt composition comprising 100 parts by mass of the resin composition according to any one of [1] to [6] and 5 to 300 parts by mass of a tackifier.
- the present invention also relates to the following ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymers.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) measured by GPC is in the range of 400 to 1,500.
- (Ii) The molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) measured by GPC is in the range of 1.2 to 2.5.
- the penetration measured at 25 ° C. is 13 dmm or less in accordance with JIS K 2207.
- the melting point (Tm) measured by DSC is in the range of 50 to 110 ° C.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer according to [10] which further satisfies the following (v):
- the ratio of the heat of fusion ( ⁇ H ⁇ 40 ) derived from the peak at 40 ° C. or lower to the total heat of fusion ( ⁇ H all ) derived from all the peaks is in the range of 1.0% to 5.0%.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a toner that can be fixed by a relatively low-temperature heating body, has good offset resistance, and has a small increase in particle diameter even when the toner is stored for a long period of time.
- Useful resin compositions can be provided.
- the resin composition according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises 91.0 to 99.9 mole parts of the structural unit (a) derived from ethylene and the structural unit (b) derived from an ⁇ -olefin having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- An ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) containing 0.1 to 9.0 mole parts [(a) + (b) 100 mole parts] and satisfying the following (i) to (iv):
- the resin composition is 99.9 to 50/50.
- the mass average molecular weight (Mw) measured by GPC is in the range of 400 to 1,500.
- the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) measured by GPC is in the range of 1.2 to 2.5.
- the penetration measured at 25 ° C. is 13 dmm or less in accordance with JIS K 2207.
- the melting point (Tm) measured by DSC is in the range of 50 to 110 ° C.
- the mass ratio [(A) / (B)] of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) and the resin (B) can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use. /99.9 to 50/50, preferably 1/99 to 50/50, more preferably 2/98 to 30/70, and even more preferably 8/92 to 25/75.
- the mass ratio is 0.1 / 99.9 to 50/50, the resin composition of the present invention can easily achieve both handling properties and a reduction effect of the deformation start temperature at the time of temperature rise.
- the mass ratio [(A) / (B)] of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) and the resin (B) is preferably 0.1 / 99. 9-30 / 70.
- the more preferred lower limit of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) is such that the mass ratio [(A) / (B)] of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) to the resin (B) is 0. 5 / 99.5, more preferably 1.0 / 99.0, particularly preferably 1.5 / 98.5, and most preferably 2.0 / 98.0.
- the more preferable upper limit of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) is such that the mass ratio [(A) / (B)] of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) to the resin (B) is 25 / 75, more preferably 15/85, particularly preferably 10/90, most preferably 6/94.
- the mass ratio [(A) / (B)] is less than 0.1 / 99.9, the toner may have insufficient offset resistance and storage stability.
- the mass ratio [(A) / (B)] exceeds 30/70, the fixing property and particularly the fixing stability over time after printing becomes insufficient, that is, the character part is easily peeled off from the paper surface. Information storage may not be used.
- the mass ratio [(A) / (B)] of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) and the resin (B) is preferably 1 / 99 to 50/50.
- the mass ratio is more preferably 15/85 to 45/55 in order to easily reduce the melt viscosity while maintaining good adhesiveness.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) of the present invention has (i) a weight average molecular weight (Mw) measured by GPC of 400 to 1500, preferably 500 to 1500, more preferably 600 to 1500, particularly preferably. It is in the range of 600-1400.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) can be measured by GPC. GPC measurement can be performed under the following conditions. In addition, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the number average molecular weight (Mn) described later can be obtained based on the following conversion method by creating a calibration curve using commercially available monodisperse standard polystyrene (PS).
- PS monodisperse standard polystyrene
- the coefficient of the Mark-Houwink viscosity equation can be used for calculation of general-purpose calibration.
- the values described in the literature J. Polym. Sci., Part A-2, 8, 1803 (1970), Makromol. Chem., 177, 213 (1976)) are used for the Mark-Houwink coefficients of PS and PE, respectively. be able to.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) of the present invention has (ii) a molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) measured by GPC of 1.2 to 2.5, preferably 1.3 to 2.5. Preferably it is in the range of 1.5 to 2.5.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) of the present invention has a penetration of 13 dmm or less, preferably 10 dmm or less, more preferably 5 dmm or less, particularly preferably (25), according to (iii) JIS K 2207. Is 4 dmm or less.
- the resin composition when an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) having a penetration of 13 dmm measured at 25 ° C. is used for the resin composition, the resin composition has high hardness. Natural deformation and natural binding between resin compositions are easily prevented.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) of the present invention has (iv) a melting point (Tm) measured by DSC in the range of 50 to 110 ° C., preferably 60 to 110 ° C., more preferably 65 to 110 ° C. It is particularly preferably in the range of 65 to 100 ° C.
- Tm melting point measured by DSC
- the temperature at which the resin composition melts or deforms can be lowered.
- the melting point (Tm) of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) can be measured by DSC-20 (manufactured by Seiko Denshi Kogyo Co., Ltd.) according to DSC (differential scanning calorimetry). About 10 mg of the sample is heated from ⁇ 20 ° C. to 200 ° C. at 10 ° C./min, and the temperature of the endothermic peak of the obtained curve can be obtained as the melting point. Prior to this temperature increase measurement, the sample (ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A)) was once heated to about 200 ° C., held for 5 minutes, and then at room temperature ( ⁇ 20 ° C.) at 20 ° C./min.
- the thermal history of the sample ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A)
- the peak temperature at which the endothermic amount at the endothermic peak is the largest is taken as the melting point (Tm).
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) of the present invention has (v) a temperature of 40 ° C. or less with respect to the total heat of fusion ( ⁇ H all ) derived from all the peaks obtained from the results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
- the proportion of heat of fusion ( ⁇ H ⁇ 40 ) derived from the peak is usually 1.0 to 10.0%, preferably 1.0 to 7.0%, more preferably 1.0 to 5.0%. It is.
- the amount of heat of fusion can be calculated as the amount of heat of fusion ( ⁇ H) (J / g) divided by the endothermic peak obtained by DSC and the baseline of the entire endothermic peak.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) of the present invention preferably has (vi) the number of melting peaks measured by DSC of 2 or more.
- DSC melting peak measured by DSC of 2 or more.
- the difference in peak temperature between adjacent melting peaks is preferably 5 ° C. or more and 30 ° C. or less.
- B (hereinafter also referred to as B value) represents the molecular weight in terms of polyethylene in the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) as measured by gel permeation chromatography.
- K is the melt viscosity (mPa ⁇ s) at 140 ° C. of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) measured with a Brookfield (B type) viscometer.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) satisfying the above formula (I) has few extremely high molecular weight components, such an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) is used as a resin composition. When used, deterioration of miscibility with the resin (B) and other resins is suppressed.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) according to the present invention preferably has an intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] measured in decalin at 135 ° C. in the range of 0.01 to 0.10 dl / g.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) according to the present invention preferably has an intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] of 0.02 dl / g or more, more preferably 0.03 dl / g or more.
- the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] is more preferably 0.09 dl / g or less, further preferably 0.08 dl / g or less, particularly preferably 0.07 dl / g or less.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) having an intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] of 0.10 dl / g or less tends to be highly miscible with the resin (B) and other resins.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) having an intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] of 0.01 dl / g or more has improved miscibility with the resin (B) and other resins, and is extremely sticky. Since there are comparatively few components to bring about, the handleability of a resin composition becomes good.
- An ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) is 91.0 to 99.9 mol parts, preferably 93.0 to 99.9 mol parts, more preferably 95.0 to 99.9 mol parts, more preferably 95.0 to 99.0 mol parts, and 0.1 to 9.0 mol parts of the structural unit (b) derived from ⁇ -olefin having 3 or more carbon atoms
- ⁇ -olefin having 3 to 8 carbon atoms constituting the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) of the present invention include propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1- Examples include pentene and 1-octene.
- the ⁇ -olefin is preferably an ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 1-butene.
- 1-butene is copolymerized, the polymer tends to be hard and less sticky. As a result, the resin composition is unlikely to be naturally deformed or naturally bound, and thus the storage stability and heat-resistant adhesion of the toner tend to be improved.
- ⁇ -olefins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) of the present invention includes olefin polymerizable monomers other than ethylene and ⁇ -olefin, such as vinyl acetate; unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid and methacrylic acid; methyl acrylate, Unsaturated carboxylic acid esters such as ethyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and dimethyl maleate; constitution derived from olefin polymerizable monomers such as styrene
- the unit may be contained in an amount of 10 mol parts or less per 100 mol parts of the total of (a) + (b), but is not included in terms of the hardness of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer. Is preferred.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) may be obtained by directly polymerizing ethylene and ⁇ -olefin, or obtained by thermally decomposing a high molecular weight ethylene copolymer. It may be a thing.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) may be purified by a method such as solvent fractionation, which is fractionated based on a difference in solubility in a solvent, or distillation. Further, it may be composed of a single ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer or a mixture of two or more ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymers.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) according to the present invention is obtained by directly polymerizing ethylene and ⁇ -olefin, various known production methods such as ethylene and an ⁇ -olefin having 3 to 8 carbon atoms are used.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) can be produced by a production method of polymerizing with a Ziegler / Natta catalyst or a metallocene catalyst.
- the polymerization of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) is carried out by the polymerization of the monomer to be polymerized and the polymerized ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) in an inert hydrocarbon medium such as hexane.
- a suspension polymerization method in which polymerization is performed in the state of being present, a gas phase polymerization method in which polymerization is performed without using a solvent, or a monomer to be polymerized and a polymerized ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) are inert hydrocarbon media
- the solution polymerization method in which polymerization is performed in the state of coexistence or singly is possible, and among these, solution polymerization is preferable in terms of both economy and quality.
- the polymerization reaction may be performed by either a batch method or a continuous method.
- the polymerization can be carried out in two or more stages having different reaction conditions.
- Examples of the inert hydrocarbon medium used in the suspension polymerization method and the solution polymerization method include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, dodecane, and kerosene; cyclopentane, cyclohexane And alicyclic hydrocarbons such as methylcyclopentane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene; and halogenated hydrocarbons such as ethylene chloride, chlorobenzene and dichloromethane.
- An inert hydrocarbon medium may be used individually by 1 type, and 2 or more types may be mixed and used for it.
- a so-called bulk polymerization method in which liquefied ⁇ -olefin itself that can be supplied to the polymerization is used as a solvent can also be used.
- a metallocene catalyst is preferable.
- the metallocene catalyst include (a) a metallocene compound of a transition metal selected from Group 4 of the periodic table, (b) (b-1) an organoaluminum oxy compound, and (b-2) a metallocene compound (a).
- a catalyst comprising a compound that reacts to form an ion pair hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “ionized ionic compound”
- b-3 at least one compound selected from organoaluminum compounds is suitable.
- transition metal metallocene compounds (a) selected from Group 4 of the periodic table include metallocene compounds described in JP-A No. 08-239414 and International Publication WO 2007/114102 pamphlet. Particularly preferred are n-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride and bis (n-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl.
- organoaluminum oxy compound (b-1) a conventionally known aluminoxane can be used as it is. Examples thereof include organoaluminum oxy compounds described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-239414 and International Publication WO2007 / 114102.
- organoaluminum oxy compound (b-1) methylaluminoxane which is easily available for commercial products and modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO) prepared using trimethylaluminum and triisobutylaluminum are preferable.
- MMAO modified methylaluminoxane
- Examples of the ionized ionic compound (b-2) include ionized ionic compounds described in JP-A-08-239414 and International Publication No. WO2007 / 114102. Since the ionized ionic compound (b-2) is easily available as a commercial product and greatly contributes to the improvement of the polymerization activity, triphenylcarbenium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate and N, N-dimethyl are used. Anilinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate is preferred.
- organoaluminum compound (b-3) examples include organoaluminum compounds described in International Publication WO2007 / 114102 Pamphlet.
- organoaluminum compound (b-3) trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum and triisobutylaluminum that are easily available for commercial products are preferable. Of these, triisobutylaluminum that is easy to handle is particularly preferred.
- the content of each component can be set as follows.
- the metallocene compound (a) can be used in an amount of 10 ⁇ 9 to 10 ⁇ 1 mol, preferably 10 ⁇ 8 to 10 ⁇ 2 mol, per liter of reaction volume.
- a catalyst containing a metallocene compound (a) and an organoaluminum oxy compound (b-1) is used as a component of an olefin polymerization catalyst, the compound (b-1) is contained in the compound (b-1).
- the molar ratio [Al / M] of aluminum atoms (Al) in the metal to all transition metal atoms (M) in the metallocene compound (a) is 0.01 to 5000, preferably 0.05 to 2000 Can be used.
- the compound (b-2) is composed of the compound (b-2) and the metallocene.
- the compound (a) can be used in such an amount that the molar ratio [(b-2) / M] to all transition metal atoms (M) in the compound (a) is 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 5.
- a catalyst containing a metallocene compound (a) and an organoaluminum compound (b-3) is used as a component of the olefin polymerization catalyst, the compound (b-3) and all of the metallocene compound (a)
- the molar ratio [(b-3) / M] with the transition metal atom (M) is usually 0.01 to 50000, preferably 0.05 to 10,000.
- the polymerization temperature is usually in the range of 10 to 200 ° C., but from the viewpoint of producing an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) having a content of units derived from ⁇ -olefin in the preferred range described above.
- the polymerization temperature is preferably in the range of 60 to 180 ° C, more preferably in the range of 75 to 170 ° C.
- the polymerization pressure can be normal pressure to 7.8 MPa-G (G is gauge pressure) or less, preferably normal pressure to 4.9 MPa-G (G is gauge pressure) or less.
- ethylene and ⁇ -olefin are supplied to the polymerization system in such an amount that the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) having the specific composition described above can be obtained.
- a molecular weight regulator such as hydrogen can be added.
- the produced polymer is usually obtained as a polymerization solution containing the polymer, so that an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) can be obtained by treatment by a conventional method.
- the polymer obtained by the above method is degassed under vacuum at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point, such as methanol, acetone, etc. once dissolved in a solvent such as toluene, xylene, hexane, heptane, etc. Further purification may be performed by a method in which a polar solvent is added and filtered to remove the low molecular weight part, or a method in which the entire amount is dissolved in the solvent and then precipitated at a specific temperature to remove the high molecular weight part or the low molecular weight part.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw and intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) according to the present invention tend to decrease with increasing polymerization temperature during polymerization or with increasing hydrogen concentration. Can be controlled. Or it can adjust with the usage-amount of the organoaluminum oxy compound and / or ionized ionic compound used as a cocatalyst. Further, it can be adjusted by purification after polymerization.
- the content of the unit derived from the ⁇ -olefin having 3 to 8 carbon atoms can be controlled by adjusting the blending amount of the ⁇ -olefin having 3 to 8 carbon atoms during the polymerization, as well as the catalyst type, the polymerization temperature, and the like.
- Mw / Mn of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) according to the present invention can be controlled by catalyst type, polymerization temperature and the like.
- a Ziegler-Natta catalyst or a metallocene catalyst is used for the polymerization of an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer, but a metallocene catalyst is preferably used in order to obtain a suitable range of Mw / Mn.
- the penetration of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) can be controlled within the above range by controlling the catalyst species, the polymerization temperature, and the content of the structural unit (b). It can also be adjusted by purification after polymerization.
- the melting point of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) can be controlled within the above range as follows. That is, by increasing the content of the structural unit (b), the melting point tends to decrease. It can also be controlled by catalyst type, polymerization temperature, and the like. Further, it can be adjusted by purification after polymerization.
- the number of endothermic peaks in the DSC measurement of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) can be controlled by the catalyst type, polymerization temperature and the like. It can also be obtained by mixing two or more kinds of ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymers.
- the ratio of heat of fusion ( ⁇ H ⁇ 40 ) derived from a peak of 40 ° C. or lower to the total heat of fusion ( ⁇ H all ) derived from all peaks of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) depends on the catalyst type and polymerization temperature.
- the content can be controlled within the above range by controlling the content of the structural unit (b). It can also be adjusted by purification after polymerization.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) according to the present invention includes a weather resistance stabilizer, a heat resistance stabilizer, an antistatic agent, an anti-slip agent, an anti-blocking agent, an anti-blocking agent as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- Additives such as a clouding agent, a nucleating agent, a lubricant, a pigment, a dye, a plasticizer, an anti-aging agent, a hydrochloric acid absorbent, an antioxidant, a copper damage inhibitor, and a filler may be blended as necessary.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) according to the present invention is not only used as a toner additive or a hot melt composition for a hot melt adhesive, but also as a paint additive, a polishing agent, Fluidity improvers, resin strength improvers, resin compatibilizers, resin lubricants, resin hardness / melting point modifiers, resin molding release agents for various thermoplastic resins or thermosetting resins typified by polyolefins and engineering plastics Molding agents, release agents for urethane, processing aids for rubber, antioxidants for rubber, paper quality improvers, various additives typified by anti-wear and leveling agents for printing inks, additives for thermal transfer inks, Textile processing aid, temporary additive, electrical insulation, natural wax compounding agent, polyolefin film antifogging agent, pigment dispersant (dispersant for pigment masterbatch), molding processing aid, rubber Anti-oxidation agent, Paper coating, Emulsion component, Additive for floor polish, Textile
- the resin (B) contained in the resin composition of the present invention is at least one selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins.
- Thermoplastic resins include olefin resin, styrene resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyacetal, polyphenylene oxide, polyimide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, acrylic resin, rosin resin, alkyd resin, coumarone resin, ketone Examples thereof include resins, cellulosic resins, chlorinated polyolefins, and mixed resins thereof.
- thermosetting resin examples include polyurethane, epoxy resin, thermosetting unsaturated polyester resin, urea resin, melamine resin and phenol resin, and mixed resins thereof.
- Resin (B) may be composed of one of these thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins, or may be a combination of two or more.
- thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin may contain fibers and organic fillers as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- thermoplastic resins or thermosetting resins are well known, and are described in publications such as “Practical Plastics Dictionary” (edited by the Practical Plastics Dictionary Editorial Board, published by the Industrial Research Council, Inc.).
- Resin (B) is preferably a thermoplastic resin. Since mixing of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) and the resin (B) can be performed at a high temperature (for example, 100 ° C. or more), the resin (B) is mixed as a thermoplastic resin. Curing of the resin (B) therein can be prevented, and the dispersion of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) in the resin (B) can be easily made uniform.
- Resin (B) may be obtained by graft copolymerization of a polar monomer as required.
- polar monomers include hydroxyl group-containing ethylenically unsaturated compounds, amino group-containing ethylenically unsaturated compounds, epoxy group-containing ethylenically unsaturated compounds, unsaturated carboxylic acids and their anhydrides and derivatives, and vinyl ester compounds. .
- the resin (B) when the resin composition of the present invention is used for toner corresponds to a binder resin for toner.
- the binder resin for toner various known binder resins can be used as the resin (B).
- styrene polymer ketone resin, maleic resin, aliphatic polyester resin, aromatic polyester resin, polyester resin such as aliphatic / aromatic polyester resin, coumarone resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin
- amorphous resins such as terpene resin, polyvinyl butyral, polybutyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene (however, Mw is higher than 1500), polypropylene, polybutadiene, and ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer.
- binder resins for toner can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyester resins and styrenic polymers has an appropriate softening point of around 100 ° C. and exhibits good fixability. Styrene polymers are particularly preferred.
- styrenic polymer examples include a homopolymer or a copolymer composed of only a styrenic monomer, or a copolymer of a styrenic monomer and another vinyl monomer.
- styrene monomer examples include styrene, p-chlorostyrene, vinyl naphthalene and the like.
- Examples of the other vinyl monomers include ethylenically unsaturated monoolefins such as ethylene (however, the copolymer Mw is higher than 1500), propylene, 1-butene, isobutene, etc .; vinyl chloride, bromide Vinyl halides such as vinyl and vinyl fluoride; vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl benzoate and vinyl butyrate; ⁇ -methylene aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as acrylic acid and methacrylic acid; methyl acrylate , Ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, 2-chloroethyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, methyl ⁇ -chloroacrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, ⁇ -methylene aliphatic monocarboxylic acid such as
- N-vinyl compounds such as N-vinylpyrrole, N-vinylcarbazole, N-vinylindole, N-vinylpyrrolidone; dimethyl itaconate, dipyl itaconate, dibutyl itaconate, dioctyl itaconate, diamyl itaconate, etc.
- Itaconic acid esters; maleic acid esters and fumaric acid esters may also be used, but are not limited thereto.
- esters of ⁇ -methylene aliphatic monocarboxylic acid are preferred.
- a method for synthesizing a styrene polymer it can be produced by a known polymerization method such as a bulk polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method and an emulsion polymerization method.
- the resin (B) when the resin composition of the present invention is used for a hot melt composition may be a polymer usually used for a hot melt adhesive, and examples thereof are as follows. be able to.
- EVA Polyethylene
- EVA Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- Modified EVA polymers such as saponified EVA and graft-modified EVA
- Ethylene / (meth) acrylate copolymers such as ethylene / (meth) ethyl acrylate (EEA)
- Ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid copolymer A partially neutralized ionomer resin Specific examples include those marketed by Mitsui-DuPont Polychemicals under the trade name: High Milan.
- Polyamide Reaction product of dibasic acid and diamine, for example, reaction product of dimer acid, which is a dimer of fatty acids such as soybean oil, tung oil, tall oil and the like, and alkyl diamine such as ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine And nylons such as nylon 12. Specific examples thereof include Daiamide (Daicel Chemical Industries), Platilon (Toa Gosei Chemical Industry), Amilan (Toray), and the like.
- Polyester examples include ester resins 200 and 300 (Toyobo), Vita 1200, 300 (Goodyear).
- Propylene-based polymer atactic polypropylene, propylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer having 4 or more carbon atoms and the like.
- Copolymer comprising vinyl aromatic compound and conjugated diene compound, and hydrogenated product thereof: specifically, styrene / butadiene random copolymer, styrene / isoprene random copolymer, butadiene / polystyrene block copolymer , Polystyrene / polyisoprene block copolymer, polystyrene / polyisoprene / polystyrene triblock copolymer, polystyrene / polybutadiene / polystyrene triblock copolymer, poly ( ⁇ -methylstyrene) / polybutadiene / poly ( ⁇ -methylstyrene) Examples include triblock copolymers and hydrogenated products thereof.
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- resins (B) can be obtained as commercial products.
- examples of the resin (B) include Califlex TR-1101, TR-1107, TR-4113 (manufactured by Shell Chemical Co., Ltd.), Kraton G-6500, G-6521, G-1650, G-1652, G-1657 ( Shell Chemical Co., Ltd.), sorbulene, hydrogenated sorbulene (manufactured by Philips), and the like.
- Resin (B) may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the resin composition of the present invention is within a range that does not impair the object of the present invention, and other thermoplastic resins, weather resistance stabilizers, heat stabilizers, antistatic agents, anti-slip agents, antiblocking agents, Further includes additives such as fogging agent, nucleating agent, lubricant, pigment, organic filler, inorganic filler, fiber, filler, dye, plasticizer, anti-aging agent, hydrochloric acid absorbent, antioxidant, copper damage inhibitor You may go out.
- fibers examples include glass fiber, carbon fiber, natural fiber (wood flour, wood fiber, bamboo, cotton, cellulose, nanocellulosic fiber, etc.) or agricultural fiber (straw, hemp, flax, kenaf, kapok, jute) Ramie, sisal, henecken, corn fiber or coir, or nut shell or rice husk).
- organic fillers include lignin, starch, and products containing the same.
- the type of glass fiber is not particularly limited, but roving glass, chopped strand glass, milled glass, and the like can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the shape and type of the carbon fiber are not particularly limited, and the shape may be a chopped strand, a roving strand, a milled fiber, or the like, and the type may be either pitch-based or polyacrylonitrile-based. In addition to those obtained by spinning or molding these raw material compositions and then carbonizing them, it is also possible to use carbon fibers obtained basically without passing through a spinning step as in the vapor phase growth method.
- Fillers include calcium carbonate, silica, kaolin, clay, titanium oxide, barium sulfate, zinc oxide, amorphous fillers such as aluminum hydroxide, alumina, magnesium hydroxide, plate shapes such as talc, mica, or glass flakes. Fillers, wollastonite, potassium titanate, basic magnesium sulfate, sepiolite, zonotlite, acicular fillers such as aluminum borate, metal powder, metal flakes, fillers such as carbon black and carbon fine particles, and the like are used. Other glass beads, glass powder, etc. are used. These fillers may be used alone or in combination, or those whose surfaces are subjected to carbon coating or silane coupling treatment may be used alone or in combination.
- the resin composition of the present invention can be produced by dry blending or melt blending using any of various methods.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A), the resin (B) and other optional components may be added simultaneously or in any order in a tumbler, V-type blender, Nauta mixer, Banbury.
- a blending method using a mixer, a kneading roll, a single screw or a twin screw extruder, or the like is appropriately used.
- an appropriate method such as natural drying or heat forced drying is used. You may blend by drying with.
- An electrophotographic toner according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the resin composition and a colorant.
- the toner of the present invention may further contain a charge control agent, a release agent, a pigment dispersant and the like as necessary.
- Examples of the colorant contained in the toner of the present invention include known black pigments such as carbon black, acetylene black, lamp black, and magnetite; yellow lead, yellow iron oxide, Hansa Yellow G, quinoline yellow lake, permanent yellow NCG, molybdenum.
- the content of the colorant is usually 5 to 250 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin composition.
- the toner of the present invention includes, for example, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyolefin, polyester, polyvinyl butyral, polyurethane, polyamide, rosin, modified rosin, and terpene as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired as required.
- Resin phenol resin, aliphatic hydrocarbon resin, aromatic petroleum resin, paraffin wax, polyolefin wax (excluding the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) of the present invention), ceramic wax, rice wax, sugar wax, urushi wax
- some known release agents such as natural waxes such as bean paste, carnauba wax, candelilla wax, montan wax, fatty acid amide wax, vinyl chloride resin, styrene-butadiene resin, chroman-indene resin, melamine resin May be used.
- the amount is usually 0.1 to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin composition.
- the monomers constituting the polyolefin wax include, for example, ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene and all other olefin monomers. Is mentioned.
- the polyolefin wax obtained from these monomers may be a homopolymer type obtained from a single monomer, or may be a copolymer type obtained from two or more monomers.
- the polyolefin wax may be either an unmodified polyolefin wax or a modified polyolefin wax in which a modified component is blocked or grafted with respect to an olefin component.
- modifying component in the modified polyolefin wax examples include aromatic monomers such as styrene, methylstyrene, p-ethylstyrene, and pn-butylstyrene, and monocarboxylic acids such as methyl (meth) acrylate and ethyl (meth) acrylate.
- Ester monomers maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, nadic acid, dicarboxylic acids such as methylhexahydrophthalic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, allyl succinic anhydride, glutaconic anhydride, nadic anhydride
- dicarboxylic acids such as methylhexahydrophthalic acid
- maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride allyl succinic anhydride, glutaconic anhydride, nadic anhydride
- anhydrides such as acids.
- charge control agent known charge control agents including nigrosine, quaternary ammonium salts and metal-containing azo dyes can be appropriately selected and used, and the amount used is usually used with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin composition. 0.1 to 10 parts by mass.
- the toner of the present invention can be produced by employing any conventionally known method such as a contact dispersion method, a melt dispersion method, or a solution dispersion method.
- the toner of the present invention is produced by the melt dispersion method, the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A), the resin (B) used as a binder resin for toner, a colorant, a charge adjusting agent and a release agent Is premixed in a ball mill, Henschel mixer, etc., and then kneaded in a heated and melted state using a heat kneader such as a hot roll kneader, uniaxial or biaxial kneader, and then cooled and finely pulverized using a hammer mill
- the powder is finely pulverized using a machine and further classified by an air classifier. Usually, particles having a diameter of 8 to 20 ⁇ m are collected and used as a toner.
- the heating and melting conditions in the case of kneading with the biaxial heat kneader differ depending on physical properties such as the melting point of the resin (B) used as the binder resin for toner.
- the resin temperature of the biaxial kneader discharge part is preferably less than 190 ° C. and the residence time is less than 180 seconds.
- the cooling method is preferably a rapid cooling using a steel belt cooler or the like.
- a resin using the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) as a binder resin for toner under the condition that the content of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) is high in advance.
- a master batch kneaded with (B) is prepared, and this is further kneaded with other components such as resin (B) and a colorant used as a binder resin for toner. This method is effective when the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) and the resin (B) used as the binder resin for the toner are relatively difficult to mix.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) is used in an amount of 5 to 900 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin (B) used as a binder resin for toner. 300 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 100 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 5 to 50 parts by mass are contained.
- the toner of the present invention includes a resin particle dispersion in which resin particles are dispersed in a dispersant, a colorant dispersion in which colorant particles are dispersed in a dispersant, and ethylene.
- the toner of the present invention can also be produced by a method including a step of polymerizing a composition comprising a polymerizable monomer, a colorant, an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A), a charge control agent and the like.
- the toner composition tends to be uniform, the toner particles are likely to be solidified after being melted and adhering to the paper, and it is considered that the offset resistance is easily improved even when the toner particles are fixed at a low temperature. Further, when the composition is uniform, it is considered that the storage stability is improved and the toner quality is less likely to vary. Furthermore, if the number of molecules having a large molecular weight is small, the penetration property of the toner into the printing medium is improved, so that it is considered that the fixing property and development durability of printing are improved.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) is 400 or more, the number of molecules having a molecular weight that is too small decreases, so the stickiness of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) Blocking, and elimination of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) from the resin composition containing the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) and the resin (B) used as the binder resin for toner occurs. Hateful. Therefore, it is considered that the storage stability of the toner itself is improved and the stability of the toner after printing is improved.
- the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) measured by GPC is usually 1.2 to 2.5, preferably 1.3 to 2.1, more preferably 1.5 to 2.0. .
- Mw / Mn The molecular weight distribution measured by GPC is usually 1.2 to 2.5, preferably 1.3 to 2.1, more preferably 1.5 to 2.0.
- a resin composition having an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) having an Mw / Mn in the above range is used for toner, blocking due to stickiness of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) hardly occurs, and Since the miscibility between the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) and the resin (B) used as a toner binder resin and other resins is improved, the storage stability and the resistance to fixing at low temperatures are similarly improved. It is considered that the offset property is improved.
- the ratio of the heat of fusion ( ⁇ H ⁇ 40 ) derived from a peak of 40 ° C. or less to the total heat of fusion ( ⁇ H all ) derived from all the peaks is usually 1.0 to 10.0%, preferably Is 1.0 to 7.0%, more preferably 1.0 to 5.0%.
- a resin composition having an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) having a ratio of ⁇ H ⁇ 40 in the above range is used for the toner, the low-temperature fixability of the toner can be enhanced.
- the ratio of the heat of fusion ( ⁇ H ⁇ 40 ) derived from the peak of 40 ° C. or less to the total heat of fusion ( ⁇ H all ) derived from all the peaks below the above upper limit value Therefore, it is considered that it is easy to achieve both low-temperature fixability and storage stability of the toner.
- a toner having good offset resistance and storage stability can be obtained. It is done. This is because, when the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] is 0.10 dl / g or less, the miscibility with the resin (B) used as the binder resin for toner and other resins is increased, and the composition of the toner tends to be uniform. This is considered to be because the toner particles tend to harden again after being melted and the offset resistance is easily improved. Further, when the composition is uniform, the storage stability is improved and the toner quality hardly varies.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) according to the present invention does not have a polar group, it is difficult to absorb moisture, has a low surface tension, and is appropriately dispersed in a binder resin, so that there is little blocking. It is considered that the storage stability is improved and the offset resistance is also improved. Further, it is considered that development durability is improved by appropriate dispersion.
- the use of the toner of the present invention is not particularly limited. It can also be used as a five-component developer, a magnetic one-component developer containing no magnetic carrier in a toner, or a one-component developer not using a carrier or magnetic powder, or a microtoning developer Can also be used.
- the toner of the present invention has two components or one. When used as a five-component developer, any conventionally known carrier can be used as the carrier.
- Examples of the carrier that can be used include magnetic powder such as iron powder, ferrite powder, and nickel powder, glass beads, and the like, or those whose surfaces are treated with resin or the like.
- Examples of the resin for coating the carrier surface include styrene-acrylic acid ester copolymer, styrene-methacrylic acid ester copolymer, acrylic acid ester copolymer, methacrylic acid ester copolymer, fluorine-containing resin, silicon-containing resin, and polyamide.
- Examples thereof include a resin, an ionomer resin, a polyphenylene sulfide resin, and a mixture thereof.
- the hot melt composition according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the resin composition and a tackifier (C).
- a tackifier (C) can be mix
- the tackifier (C) include aliphatic hydrogenated tackifiers, rosins, modified rosins or esterified products thereof, aliphatic petroleum resins, alicyclic petroleum resins, aromatic petroleum resins, aliphatic Ingredients and aromatic copolymerized petroleum resins, low molecular weight styrene resins, isoprene resins, alkylphenol resins, terpene resins, coumarone / indene resins and the like are included.
- the tackifier (C) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the tackifier (C) can be appropriately selected according to the resin (B) contained in the resin composition.
- the resin (B) contained in the resin composition.
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- the content of the tackifier (C) is preferably 5 to 300 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin composition, so as to make it easy to develop an adhesive force while maintaining an appropriate melt viscosity. Therefore, the amount is more preferably 50 to 200 parts by mass.
- the hot melt composition of the present invention may further contain an unmodified polyolefin such as, for example, a sazol wax (H-1: manufactured by Sazol Co., Ltd.) blended in a normal hot melt adhesive.
- an unmodified polyolefin such as, for example, a sazol wax (H-1: manufactured by Sazol Co., Ltd.) blended in a normal hot melt adhesive.
- the hot melt composition of the present invention if necessary, within a range that does not impair the purpose of the present invention, such as various compounding agents such as a softening agent, a weather resistance stabilizer, a heat resistance stabilizer, an antistatic agent, an anti-slip agent, Add additives such as anti-blocking agents, anti-fogging agents, nucleating agents, lubricants, pigments, fillers, dyes, plasticizers, anti-aging agents, hydrochloric acid absorbents, antioxidants, copper damage inhibitors as necessary. be able to.
- various compounding agents such as a softening agent, a weather resistance stabilizer, a heat resistance stabilizer, an antistatic agent, an anti-slip agent
- Add additives such as anti-blocking agents, anti-fogging agents, nucleating agents, lubricants, pigments, fillers, dyes, plasticizers, anti-aging agents, hydrochloric acid absorbents, antioxidants, copper damage inhibitors as necessary. be able to.
- the hot melt composition of the present invention can be obtained by supplying each of the above components to a mixer such as a Brabender, heating and melt-mixing; and molding it into a desired shape, for example, a granular shape, a flake shape, a rod shape, etc. it can.
- a mixer such as a Brabender, heating and melt-mixing
- a desired shape for example, a granular shape, a flake shape, a rod shape, etc. it can.
- the hot melt composition of the present invention is, for example, heated and melted and applied to an article to be coated such as cloth, kraft paper, aluminum foil, and polyester film by a usual method to form a hot melt adhesive layer. Can be used.
- the hot melt composition of the present invention contains a low melting point ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A), it is considered that it can be melted even at a low temperature.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) is 1500 or less, the number of molecules having a large molecular weight decreases, so that the miscibility with the resin (B) and the tackifier becomes sufficient. Conceivable. Therefore, since the composition of the hot melt composition tends to be uniform, it is considered that the heat resistant adhesiveness and the solidification speed are improved.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) is 400 or more, the number of molecules having a molecular weight that is too small decreases, so the stickiness of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) Blocking, detachment of ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) from resin composition containing ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) and resin (B) used as toner binder resin, crystals Inhibition of conversion is unlikely to occur. Therefore, it is considered that the heat resistant adhesiveness and the solidification speed are improved.
- the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) measured by GPC is usually 1.2 to 2.5, preferably 1.3 to 2.1, more preferably 1.5 to 2.0. .
- Mw / Mn The molecular weight distribution measured by GPC is usually 1.2 to 2.5, preferably 1.3 to 2.1, more preferably 1.5 to 2.0.
- a resin composition having an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) having Mw / Mn in the above range is used for a hot melt composition, blocking due to stickiness of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) occurs.
- the miscibility of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) with the resin (B) and the tackifier is improved, so that it is considered that the heat resistant adhesion and the solidification rate are improved.
- the ratio of the heat of fusion ( ⁇ H ⁇ 40 ) derived from a peak of 40 ° C. or less to the total heat of fusion ( ⁇ H all ) derived from all the peaks is usually 1.0 to 10.0%, preferably Is 1.0 to 7.0%, more preferably 1.0 to 5.0%.
- a resin composition having an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) having a ratio of ⁇ H ⁇ 40 in the above range is used for the hot melt composition, the solidification rate can be increased.
- the ratio of the heat of fusion ( ⁇ H ⁇ 40 ) derived from the peak of 40 ° C. or less to the total heat of fusion ( ⁇ H all ) derived from all the peaks below the above upper limit value It is considered that the heat-resistant adhesiveness is improved because it is difficult to spontaneously bond.
- Weight average molecular weight Mw, molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) and measurement method of B value The number average molecular weight Mn and the weight average molecular weight Mw of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A) were determined from GPC measurement. . The measurement was performed under the following conditions. The number average molecular weight Mn and the weight average molecular weight Mw were determined based on the following conversion method by creating a calibration curve using a commercially available monodisperse standard polystyrene.
- Apparatus Gel permeation chromatograph Alliance GPC2000 (manufactured by Waters) Solvent: o-dichlorobenzene Column: TSKgel GMH6-HT ⁇ 2, TSKgel GMH6-HTL column ⁇ 2 (both manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) Flow rate: 1.0 ml / min Sample: 0.15 mg / mL o-dichlorobenzene solution Temperature: 140 ° C Molecular weight conversion: PE conversion / General calibration method
- Mw / Mn The molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) was determined by dividing Mw by Mn from the GPC measurement results described above.
- the B value was obtained by mass percent of the component having a molecular weight of 5000 or more from the GPC measurement results described above.
- the sample was once heated to about 200 ° C., held for 5 minutes, and then lowered to ⁇ 20 ° C. at 20 ° C./min to unify the thermal history of the sample.
- Tm melting point
- the total heat of fusion ( ⁇ H all ) was calculated by determining the area divided by the endothermic peak obtained by DSC and the baseline of the entire endothermic peak.
- the ratio of the heat of fusion ( ⁇ H ⁇ 40 ) derived from the peak of 40 ° C. or less to the total heat of fusion ( ⁇ H all ) is the heat of fusion ( ⁇ H ⁇ 40 ) derived from the peak of 40 ° C. or less of the heat of fusion ⁇ H described above.
- the number of DSC melting peaks was determined by measuring the number of endothermic peaks obtained by DSC.
- ⁇ Evaluation method of hot melt adhesive composition (1) Melt viscosity (normal operating temperature) The melt viscosity at 180 ° C. was measured with a Brookfield viscometer. 10g of sample was charged into the device heated to 180 ° C and melted for 10 minutes before starting measurement. A rotor No. 31 was used, and the viscosity (mPa ⁇ s) after 20 minutes was read at 5 revolutions per minute.
- Adhesive test adherend A general-purpose cardboard (K ′′ liner) was used as the adherend.
- the test piece prepared by the method for preparing the adhesive test piece was cut into a size of 25 mm ⁇ 100 mm, used as a T-type peeled base material, suspended in a load of 300 g / 25 mm, and the base material in an oven set at 65 ° C. The time during which the adhesive did not withstand the weight and failed to bond (the weight dropped) was evaluated as the peel adhesion failure time.
- the hot melt adhesive composition was charged into a 100 ml test tube (diameter 2.5 cm) and heated with a heater set at 180 ° C. After standing for 10 minutes, the dissolved contents were finely stirred for 1 minute with a thin spatula. Thereafter, a thermometer was inserted into the composition, and the internal temperature was raised to 170 ° C. Thereafter, the test tube was quickly taken out and allowed to cool, and the internal temperature at the moment when the bottom of the test tube became cloudy was read. During cooling, the test tube was fixed at a position 1 cm from the bottom of the 500 ml beaker to prevent local cooling by airflow.
- Example 1 N-Hexane, which was dehydrated and purified from the supply port of a 33 L stirring blade pressure-added continuous polymerization vessel with sufficient nitrogen substitution, was 19 L / hr, triisobutylaluminum was 1.0 mmol / hr, N, N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis ( Pentafluorophenyl) borate was supplied at a rate of 0.08 mmol / hr and bis (n-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl 0.03 mmol / hr, respectively.
- ethylene is supplied at a rate of 6.5 kg / hr
- 1-butene is 3.0 kg / hr
- hydrogen is 360 NL / hr from another supply port of the polymerization vessel
- the polymerization temperature is 150 ° C.
- the total pressure is 3.0 to Continuous solution polymerization was carried out under conditions of 3.2 MPaG and a residence time of 50 minutes.
- the oligomer solution produced in the polymerization vessel was continuously discharged and sent to a flash tank to remove unreacted ethylene, 1-butene and n-hexane. This was thin-film distilled at a processing rate of 4.3 g per minute at 200 ° C. under reduced pressure (210 Pa). The above reaction was repeated until the required amount was obtained to obtain an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1).
- the physical property measurement results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 N-Hexane, which was dehydrated and purified from the supply port of a 33 L stirring blade pressure-added continuous polymerization vessel with sufficient nitrogen substitution, was 19 L / hr, triisobutylaluminum was 1.0 mmol / hr, N, N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis ( Pentafluorophenyl) borate was supplied at a rate of 0.08 mmol / hr and bis (n-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl 0.03 mmol / hr, respectively.
- ethylene is supplied at a rate of 6.5 kg / hr
- 1-butene is 3.5 kg / hr
- hydrogen is 240 NL / hr from another supply port of the polymerization vessel.
- Continuous solution polymerization was carried out under conditions of 3.2 MPaG and a residence time of 50 minutes.
- the oligomer solution produced in the polymerization vessel was continuously discharged and sent to a flash tank to remove unreacted ethylene, 1-butene and n-hexane. This was thin-film distilled at a processing rate of 4.2 g per minute at 200 ° C. under reduced pressure (73 Pa). The above reaction was repeated until the required amount was obtained to obtain an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-2).
- the physical property measurement results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 0.6 L of toluene was charged into a 1.5 L glass flask sufficiently purged with nitrogen, and the system was heated to 95 ° C. while stirring at a stirring speed of 800 rpm. Thereafter, ethylene was circulated at 35 L / h, propylene at 25 L / h, and hydrogen at 15 L / h. Subsequently, 0.6 mmol of triisobutylaluminum was added, 0.0375 mmol of bis (n-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl, and 0.03 mmol of N, N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis (pentafluorodiphenyl) borate were added. 075 mmol was added to initiate the polymerization. While continuously supplying ethylene, propylene and hydrogen, polymerization was carried out for 60 minutes while stirring at 95 ° C. under normal pressure and at a stirring speed of 800 rpm.
- Example 4 An ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-4) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the distillation purification was not performed. The physical property measurement results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 An ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-5) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that distillation purification was not performed. The physical property measurement results are shown in Table 1.
- ethylene is supplied at a rate of 5.0 kg / hr
- 1-butene is 4.0 kg / hr
- hydrogen is 300 NL / hr from another supply port of the polymerization vessel.
- Continuous solution polymerization was carried out under conditions of 3.2 MPaG and a residence time of 50 minutes.
- the oligomer solution produced in the polymerization vessel was continuously discharged and sent to a flash tank to remove unreacted ethylene, 1-butene and n-hexane. This was thin-film distilled at a processing rate of 4.2 g per minute at 200 ° C. under reduced pressure (119 Pa). The above reaction was repeated until the required amount was obtained to obtain an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-6).
- the physical property measurement results are shown in Table 1.
- ethylene is supplied at a rate of 9.0 kg / hr
- 1-butene is 7.0 kg / hr
- hydrogen is 550 NL / hr from another supply port of the polymerization vessel.
- the polymerization temperature is 150 ° C.
- the total pressure is 3.0 to Continuous solution polymerization was carried out at 3.2 MPaG under a residence time of 40 minutes.
- the oligomer solution produced in the polymerization vessel was continuously discharged and sent to a flash tank to remove unreacted ethylene, 1-butene and n-hexane. This was thin-film distilled at a processing rate of 3.9 g per minute at 200 ° C. under reduced pressure (79 Pa). The above reaction was repeated until the required amount was obtained to obtain an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-7).
- the physical property measurement results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 For 100 parts by weight of binder resin C-1, 6 parts by weight of carbon black (MA100; manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei), 5 parts by weight of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1) obtained in Example 1, Add 0.5 parts by weight of modifier (T-77; manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.), mix with a Henschel mixer, and discharge with a twin-screw kneader (PCM-30 type, manufactured by Ikekai Machinery) The mixture was kneaded at a resin temperature of 120 ° C. and a residence time of 30 seconds. Then, the toner was obtained by cooling, pulverizing and classifying. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained toner.
- PCM-30 type twin-screw kneader
- Example 7 Example 6 was used except that the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-2) obtained in Example 2 was used in place of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1) used in Example 6. A toner was obtained in the same manner as above. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained toner.
- Example 8 Example 6 was used except that the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-3) obtained in Example 3 was used in place of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1) used in Example 6. A toner was obtained in the same manner as above. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained toner.
- Example 9 Example 6 was used except that instead of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1) used in Example 6, the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-4) obtained in Example 4 was used. A toner was obtained in the same manner as above. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained toner.
- Example 10 Example 6 was used except that the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-5) obtained in Example 5 was used in place of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1) used in Example 6. A toner was obtained in the same manner as above. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained toner.
- Example 6 was used except that instead of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1) used in Example 6, the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-6) obtained in Comparative Example 1 was used. A toner was obtained in the same manner as above. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained toner.
- Example 6 Example 6 except that the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-7) obtained in Comparative Example 2 was used instead of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1) used in Example 6. A toner was obtained in the same manner as above. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained toner.
- Example 7 In place of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1) used in Example 6, trade name: High Wax 200P (Mitsui Chemicals, ethylene: 100.0 mol parts, physical properties are shown in Table 1) A toner was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6 except that was used. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained toner.
- Example 8 In place of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1) used in Example 6, trade name: High Wax 220P (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, ethylene / propylene copolymer, propylene-derived structural unit: 5. A toner was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6 except that 1 mol part and physical properties shown in Table 1 were used. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained toner.
- Example 11 40 parts by mass of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (Evaflex (registered trademark) EV220, manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Polychemical Co., Ltd.) as the resin (B), and an aromatic hydrocarbon resin (FTR (registered trademark) 6125 as a tackifier, (Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd.) 40 parts by mass and 20 parts by mass of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1) obtained in Example 1 were mixed and kneaded at 180 ° C. for 15 minutes using an autoclave. A melt adhesive composition was obtained. The evaluation results of the obtained hot melt composition are shown in Table 3.
- Example 12 Except for using the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-2) obtained in Example 2 in place of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1) used in Example 11, the example In the same manner as in No. 11, a hot melt adhesive composition was obtained. The evaluation results of the obtained hot melt adhesive composition are shown in Table 3.
- Example 13 Example 1 was used except that the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-4) obtained in Example 4 was used in place of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1) used in Example 11. In the same manner as in No. 11, a hot melt adhesive composition was obtained. The evaluation results of the obtained hot melt adhesive composition are shown in Table 3.
- Example 12 In place of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (A-1) used in Example 11, trade name: High Wax 220P (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, ethylene / propylene copolymer, propylene-derived structural unit: 5.
- a hot melt adhesive composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 11 except that 1 mol part and physical properties shown in Table 1 were used. The evaluation results of the obtained hot melt adhesive composition are shown in Table 3.
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Abstract
Description
[1]エチレン由来の構成単位(a)を91.0~99.9モル部、および炭素数3~8のα-オレフィン由来の構成単位(b)を0.1~9.0モル部〔(a)+(b)=100モル部とする〕含み、下記(i)~(iv)を満たすエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂および熱硬化性樹脂からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の樹脂(B)とを含み、(A)と(B)の質量比〔(A)/(B)〕が0.1/99.9~50/50である樹脂組成物。
(i)GPCで測定した重量平均分子量(Mw)が400~1,500の範囲にある。
(ii)GPCで測定した分子量分布(Mw/Mn)が1.2~2.5の範囲にある。
(iii)JIS K 2207に従い、25℃にて測定した針入度が13dmm以下である。
(iv)DSCで測定した融点(Tm)が50~110℃の範囲にある。
[2]前記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)が更に下記(v)を満たす[1]に記載の樹脂組成物。
(v)示差走査熱量測定(DSC)で測定した、すべてのピークに由来する全融解熱量(ΔHall)に対する40℃以下のピークに由来する融解熱量(ΔH-40)の割合が1.0%~5.0%の範囲にある。
[3]前記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)が更に下記(vi)を満たす[1]または[2]に記載の樹脂組成物。
(vi)DSCで測定した融解ピークの数が2以上である。
[4] 前記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)が更に下記(vii)を満たす[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
(vii)B≦0.15×K
(上記式中、Bは、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーで測定したときの、上記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)中のポリエチレン換算の分子量が5000以上となる成分の含有割合(質量%)であり、Kは上記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)の140℃における溶融粘度(mPa・s)である。)
[5]前記構成単位(b)が1-ブテン由来の構成単位である、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
[6]前記樹脂(B)が熱可塑性樹脂である[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
[7]前記樹脂(B)がポリエステル樹脂およびスチレン系重合体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の樹脂である[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
[8][1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物及び着色剤を含む電子写真用トナー。
[9][1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物100質量部及び粘着付与剤5~300質量部を含む、ホットメルト組成物。
[10]エチレン由来の構成単位(a)を91.0~99.9モル部、炭素数3~8のα-オレフィン由来の構成単位(b)を0.1~9.0モル部〔(a)+(b)=100モル部とする〕含み、下記(i)~(iv)を満たすエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体。
(i)GPCで測定した重量平均分子量(Mw)が400~1,500の範囲にある。
(ii)GPCで測定した分子量分布(Mw/Mn)が1.2~2.5の範囲にある。
(iii)JIS K 2207に従い、25℃にて測定した針入度が13dmm以下である。
(iv)DSCで測定した融点(Tm)が50~110℃の範囲にある。
[11]更に下記(v)を満たす[10]に記載のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体。
(v)すべてのピークに由来する全融解熱量(ΔHall)に対する40℃以下のピークに由来する融解熱量(ΔH-40)の割合が1.0%~5.0%の範囲にある。
[12]更に下記(vi)を満たす[10]または[11]に記載のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体。
(vi)DSCで測定した融解ピークの数が2以上である。
[13]更に下記(vii)を満たす[10]~[12]のいずれかに記載のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体。
(vii)B≦0.15×K
(上記式中、Bは、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーで測定した場合の、上記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体中のポリエチレン換算の分子量が5000以上となる成分の含有割合(質量%)であり、Kは上記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体の140℃における溶融粘度(mPa・s)である。)
[14]前記構成単位(b)が1-ブテン由来の構成単位である、[10]~[13]のいずれかに記載のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体。
(i)GPCで測定した質量平均分子量(Mw)が400~1,500の範囲にある。
(ii)GPCで測定した分子量分布(Mw/Mn)が1.2~2.5の範囲にある。
(iii)JIS K 2207に従い、25℃にて測定した針入度が13dmm以下である。
(iv)DSCで測定した融点(Tm)が50~110℃の範囲にある。
〔重量平均分子量Mw〕
本発明のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)は、(i)GPCで測定した重量平均分子量(Mw)が400~1500、好ましくは500~1500、更に好ましくは600~1500、特に好ましくは600~1400の範囲にある。重量平均分子量(Mw)が400~1500であるエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)を樹脂組成物に用いると、分子量が大きすぎる成分が少ないため、樹脂(B)やその他の樹脂との混和性がよくなり、また、分子量が小さすぎる成分も比較的少ないため、極端なべたつきが発生せず、樹脂組成物のハンドリング性がよくなる。
装置:ゲル浸透クロマトグラフAlliance GPC2000型(Waters社製)
有機溶媒:o-ジクロロベンゼン
カラム:TSKgel GMH6-HT×2、TSKgel GMH6-HTLカラム×2(何れも東ソー社製)
流速:1.0 ml/分
試料:0.15mg/mL o-ジクロロベンゼン溶液
温度:140℃
分子量換算 :ポリエチレン(PE)換算/汎用較正法
本発明のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)は、(ii)GPCで測定した分子量分布(Mw/Mn)が1.2~2.5、好ましくは1.3~2.5、より好ましくは1.5~2.5の範囲にある。Mw/Mnが1.2~2.5であるエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)を樹脂組成物に用いると、極端な低分子量成分による、べたつきおよびブロッキングの発生ならびにそれに伴う樹脂組成物のハンドリング性の悪化や、極端な高分子量成分による、樹脂(B)やその他の樹脂との混和性の悪化が、抑制される。
本発明のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)は、(iii)JIS K 2207に従い、25℃にて測定した針入度が13dmm以下、好ましくは10dmm以下、より好ましくは5dmm以下、特に好ましくは4dmm以下である。
本発明のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)は、(iv)DSCで測定した融点(Tm)が50~110℃の範囲、好ましくは60~110℃、更に好ましくは65~110℃、特に好ましくは65~100℃の範囲にある。融点(Tm)が50~110℃であるエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)を樹脂組成物に用いると、樹脂組成物が溶融または変形する温度を低くすることができる。
本発明のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)は、(v)示差走査熱量測定(DSC)の結果により得られる、すべてのピークに由来する全融解熱量(ΔHall)に対する40℃以下のピークに由来する融解熱量(ΔH-40)の割合は通常、1.0~10.0%であるが、好ましくは1.0~7.0%、より好ましくは1.0~5.0%である。
本発明のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)は、(vi)DSCで測定した融解ピークの数が2以上であることが好ましい。DSCで測定した融解ピークが2以上であるエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)を樹脂組成物に用いると、低温側のピークにおいて樹脂組成物の溶融または変形が開始されるが、樹脂組成物の自然変形や樹脂組成物同士の自然結着を生じるような大きな溶融または変形は、高温側のピークまで生じにくい。
本発明のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)は、(vii)その分子量が5000以上となる成分の含有割合と溶融粘度とが、下記式(I)で示される特定の関係を満たすことが好ましい。
B≦0.15×K ・・・式(I)
本発明に係るエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)は、135℃デカリン中で測定した極限粘度〔η〕が0.01~0.10dl/gの範囲にあることが好ましい。本発明に係るエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)は、より好ましくは、極限粘度〔η〕が0.02dl/g以上、さらに好ましくは0.03dl/g以上である。また、より好ましくは極限粘度〔η〕が0.09dl/g以下、さらに好ましくは0.08dl/g以下、特に好ましくは0.07dl/g以下である。
本発明のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)は、エチレン由来の構成単位(a)を91.0~99.9モル部、好ましくは93.0~99.9モル部、更に好ましくは95.0~99.9モル部、より好ましくは95.0~99.0モル部、炭素数3以上のα-オレフィン由来の構成単位(b)を0.1~9.0モル部、好ましくは0.1~7.0モル部、更に好ましくは0.1~5.0モル部、より好ましくは1.0~5.0モル部〔(a)+(b)=100モル部とする。〕含むエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)である。
本発明に係るエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)は、エチレンおよびα-オレフィンを直接重合して得られるものであってもよく、高分子量のエチレン共重合体を熱分解して得られるものであってもよい。またエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)は、溶媒に対する溶解度の差で分別する溶媒分別、または蒸留などの方法で精製されていてもよい。また1種単独のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体からなるものでもよいし、2種以上のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体を混合してなるものであってもよい。
(2)オレフィン重合用触媒の成分としてメタロセン化合物(a)と有機アルミニウムオキシ化合物(b-1)とを含む触媒を用いる場合には、化合物(b-1)は、化合物(b-1)中のアルミニウム原子(Al)とメタロセン化合物(a)中の全遷移金属原子(M)とのモル比〔Al/M〕が、0.01~5000、好ましくは0.05~2000となるような量で用いることができる。
(3)オレフィン重合用触媒の成分としてメタロセン化合物(a)とイオン性化合物(b-2)とを含む触媒を用いる場合には、化合物(b-2)は、化合物(b-2)とメタロセン化合物(a)中の全遷移金属原子(M)とのモル比〔(b-2)/M〕が、1~10、好ましくは1~5となるような量で用いることができる。
(4)オレフィン重合用触媒の成分としてメタロセン化合物(a)と有機アルミニウム化合物(b-3)とを含む触媒を用いる場合には、化合物(b-3)と、メタロセン化合物(a)中の全遷移金属原子(M)とのモル比〔(b-3)/M〕が通常0.01~50000、好ましくは0.05~10000となるような量で用いられる。
本発明の樹脂組成物に含まれる樹脂(B)は、熱可塑性樹脂および熱硬化性樹脂からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である。熱可塑性樹脂としては、オレフィン系樹脂、スチレン系樹脂、熱可塑性ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアミド、ポリカーボネート、ポリアセタール、ポリフェニレンオキシド、ポリイミド、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリ酢酸ビニル、アクリル樹脂、ロジン樹脂、アルキド樹脂、クマロン樹脂、ケトン樹脂、セルロース系樹脂、塩素化ポリオレフィン、およびこれらの混合樹脂等が挙げられる。
後述するように、本発明の樹脂組成物をトナーとして用いる場合に、本発明に係る樹脂(B)はトナー用バインダー樹脂に相当する。トナー用バインダー樹脂としては、種々公知のバインダー樹脂を樹脂(B)として使用し得る。具体的には、例えば、スチレン系重合体、ケトン樹脂、マレイン酸樹脂、脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂、芳香族ポリエステル樹脂、脂肪族・芳香族ポリエステル樹脂などのポリエステル樹脂、クマロン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、テルペン樹脂、ポリビニルブチラール、ポリブチルメタクリレート、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエチレン(但し、Mw:1500より高い)、ポリプロピレン、ポリブタジエン、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体等の非晶性樹脂があげられる。
また、後述するように、本発明の樹脂組成物をホットメルト組成物として用いる場合に、樹脂(B)は、ホットメルト接着剤に通常使用されるポリマーであってよく、以下のものを例示することができる。
2)エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体(EVA)
3)ケン化EVA、グラフト変性EVA等の変性EVAポリマー
4)エチレン・(メタ)エチルアクリレート(EEA)などのエチレン・(メタ)アクリレート共重合体
5)エチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体を部分中和してなるアイオノマー樹脂。具体的には、三井・デュポンポリケミカル社から商品名:ハイミランで上市されているものなどが挙げられる。
6)エチレン・プロピレン共重合体、エチレン・プロピレン・(メタ)アクリル酸ターポリマー(但し、Mw:1500より高い)
7)ポリアミド:二塩基酸とジアミンの反応生成物であり、たとえば、大豆油、桐油、トール油等の脂肪酸の2量体であるダイマー酸と、エチレンジアミン、ジエチレントリアミン等のアルキルジアミンとの反応生成物、ならびにナイロン12等のナイロン類等が挙げられる。これらの具体例として、ダイアミド(ダイセル化学工業)、プラチロン(東亜合成化学工業)、アミラン(東レ)等が挙げられる。
8)ポリエステル:例えば、エステルレジン200および300(東洋紡)、Vita1200、300(グッドイヤー社)等が挙げられる。
9)プロピレン系ポリマー:アタクチックポリプロピレン、プロピレン・炭素数4以上のα-オレフィン共重合体等が挙げられる。
10)ビニル芳香族化合物と共役ジエン化合物からなる共重合体、およびその水添物:具体的には、スチレン・ブタジエンランダム共重合体、スチレン・イソプレンランダム共重合体、ブタジエン・ポリスチレンブロック共重合体、ポリスチレン・ポリイソプレンブロック共重合体、ポリスチレン・ポリイソプレン・ポリスチレントリブロック共重合体、ポリスチレン・ポリブタジエン・ポリスチレントリブロック共重合体、ポリ(α-メチルスチレン)・ポリブタジエン・ポリ(α-メチルスチレン)トリブロック共重合体、およびこれらの水添物等が挙げられる。
本発明の樹脂組成物は、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、必要に応じて他の熱可塑性樹脂、耐候性安定剤、耐熱安定剤、帯電防止剤、スリップ防止剤、アンチブロッキング剤、防曇剤、核剤、滑剤、顔料、有機充填剤、無機充填剤、繊維、フィラー、染料、可塑剤、老化防止剤、塩酸吸収剤、酸化防止剤、銅害防止剤等の添加剤をさらに含んでいてもよい。繊維の例としては、ガラス繊維、カーボン繊維、天然繊維(木粉、木質繊維、竹、綿花、セルロース、ナノセルロース系繊維等)、又は、農産物繊維(麦わら、麻、亜麻、ケナフ、カポック、ジュート、ラミー、サイザル麻、ヘネッケン、トウモロコシ繊維若しくはコイア、若しくは木の実の殻若しくはもみ殻等)が挙げられる。有機充填剤の例としては、リグニン、スターチ、及びその含有製品等が挙げられる。
本発明の一実施形態に係る電子写真用トナーは、上記樹脂組成物および着色剤を含む。本発明のトナーは、上記樹脂組成物および着色剤の他に、さらに必要に応じて帯電制御剤、離型剤、顔料分散剤等を含んでもよい。
本発明のトナーに含まれる着色剤としては、例えばカーボンブラック、アセチレンブラック、ランプブラック、マグネタイト等の公知の黒色顔料;黄鉛、黄色酸化鉄、ハンザイエローG、キノリンイエローレーキ、パーマネントイエローNCG、モリブデンオレンジ、バルカンオレンジ、インダンスレン、ブリリアントオレンジGK、ベンガラ、ブリリアントカーミン6B、フリザリンレーキ、メチルバイオレットレーキ、ファストバイオレットB、コバルトブルー、アルカリブルーレーキ、フタロシアニンブルー、ファーストスカイブルー、ピグメントグリーンB、マラカイトグリーンレーキ、酸化チタン、亜鉛華等の公知の有機顔料または無機顔料が挙げられる。着色剤の含有量は、通常樹脂組成物100質量部に対して5~250質量部である。
本発明のトナーには、必要に応じて本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲に於いて、例えば、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリオレフィン、ポリエステル、ポリビニルブチラール、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、ロジン、変性ロジン、テルペン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、脂肪族炭化水素樹脂、芳香族石油樹脂、パラフィンワックス、ポリオレフィンワックス〔本発明のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)を除く〕、セラミックワックス、ライスワックス、シュガーワックス、ウルシロウ、密鑞、カルナバワックス、キャンデリラワックス、モンタンワックス等の天然ワックス類、脂肪酸アミドワックス、塩ビ樹脂、スチレン-ブタジエン樹脂、クロマン-インデン樹脂、メラミン樹脂等の従来公知の離型剤を一部添加使用してもよい。その量は通常樹脂組成物100質量部に対して0.1~40質量部である。
本発明のトナーは、前記各成分を、従来公知のいかなる方法、例えば、接触分散法、溶融分散法、溶液分散法等を採用することにより製造することができる。
(i)重量平均分子量(Mw)が400~1500であるエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)をトナーに用いると、耐オフセット性および保存安定性がよいトナーが得られると考えられる。
エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)の重量平均分子量(Mw)が1500以下であると、分子量の大きな分子が少なくなるため、トナー用バインダー樹脂として用いる樹脂(B)との混和性が十分になると考えられる。そのため、トナーの組成が均一になり易いので、トナー粒子が溶融して紙に付着した後に、また固まりやすくなり、低温で定着させたときも、耐オフセット性が向上し易いと考えられる。また、組成が均一になると、保存安定性が向上するほか、トナーの品質のバラツキが生じにくいと考えられる。さらには、分子量の大きな分子が少ないと、印刷媒体へのトナーの染み込み性が良好になるため、印刷の定着性及び現像耐久性が向上すると考えられる。一方、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)の重量平均分子量(Mw)が400以上であれば、分子量の小さすぎる分子が少なくなるため、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)のべたつきによるブロッキングや、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)とトナー用バインダー樹脂として用いる樹脂(B)とを含む樹脂組成物からのエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)の脱離が起こりにくい。そのため、トナー自身の保存安定性がよくなるほか、印字された後のトナーの安定性がよくなると考えられる。
本発明のトナーの用途は特に限定されないが、キャリアと混合して二成分または一.五成分現像剤としても用いることができるし、トナー中に磁性粉を含有させた、キャリアを用いない磁性一成分現像剤、もしくはキャリアや磁性粉を使用しない一成分現像剤、あるいはマイクロトーニング現像剤としても用いることができる。本発明のトナーが二成分または一.五成分現像剤として用いられる場合、キャリアとしては、従来公知のキャリアがいずれも使用できる。
本発明の一実施形態に係るホットメルト組成物は、前記樹脂組成物と、粘着付与剤(C)とを含む。
粘着付与剤(C)は、前記樹脂組成物に含まれる樹脂(B)の溶融時の粘度を調整し、ホットタック性や濡れ性を向上させるために配合されうる。粘着付与剤(C)の例には、脂肪族系水添タッキファイヤー、ロジン、変性ロジンまたはこれらのエステル化物、脂肪族系石油樹脂、脂環族系石油樹脂、芳香族系石油樹脂、脂肪族成分と芳香族成分の共重合石油樹脂、低分子量スチレン系樹脂、イソプレン系樹脂、アルキルフェノール樹脂、テルペン樹脂、クマロン・インデン樹脂等が含まれる。粘着付与剤(C)は、1種単独でも2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
本発明のホットメルト組成物は、例えば通常のホットメルト接着剤に配合されるサゾールワックス(H-1:サゾール社製)などの未変性ポリオレフィンをさらに含んでもよい。それにより、ホットメルト組成物の溶融粘度を低下させ、作業性をさらに向上させうる。
本発明のホットメルト組成物は、上記各成分をブラベンダー等の混合機に供給し、加熱して溶融混合した後;所望の形状、例えば粒状、フレーク状、棒状等に成形して得ることができる。
本発明のホットメルト組成物は、例えば加熱溶融して、布、クラフト紙、アルミ箔、ポリエステルフィルム等の被塗布体に、通常の方法で塗布してホットメルト接着剤層を形成するなどして使用されうる。
本発明のトナーが、前記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)を含有することにより、耐熱接着性および固化速度がよくなる理由については、明らかではないが、発明者らは以下のように推定している。
(1)重合体の組成の測定方法
重合体のエチレン由来の構成単位、及び炭素数3~8のα-オレフィン由来の構成単位の含有割合は、13C-NMRスペクトルの解析により求めた。
エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)の数平均分子量Mn、および重量平均分子量Mwは、GPC測定から求めた。測定は以下の条件で行った。また、数平均分子量Mn、および重量平均分子量Mwは、市販の単分散標準ポリスチレンを用いて検量線を作成し、下記の換算法に基づいて求めた。
溶剤 : o-ジクロロベンゼン
カラム: TSKgel GMH6-HT×2、TSKgel GMH6-HTLカラム×2(何れも東ソー社製)
流速 : 1.0 ml/分
試料 : 0.15mg/mL o-ジクロロベンゼン溶液
温度 : 140℃
分子量換算 : PE換算/汎用較正法
ポリスチレン(PS)の係数 : KPS=1.38×10-4, aPS=0.70
ポリエチレン(PE)の係数 : KPE=5.06×10-4, aPE=0.70
JIS K 2207に従って、部分的な過熱を避け、泡が入らないように溶融させたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)の試料を、15~30℃の室温に1~1.5時間放置し固化させた後、恒温槽で25℃に保ち、温度が安定した後に試料表面に規定の針が5秒間で進入する長さを針入度(dmm)とした。
エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)の融点は、示差走査型熱量測定法(DSC)に従い、DSC-20(セイコー電子工業社製)によって測定した。試料(エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A))約10mgをアルミパンに封じ、-20℃から200℃まで10℃/分で昇温し、得られたカーブの吸熱ピークを融点として求めた。この昇温測定の前に、一旦、試料を200℃程度まで昇温し、5分間保持した後、20℃/分で-20℃まで降温する操作を行い、試料の熱履歴を統一した。得られたカーブの吸熱ピークが複数存在する場合は、吸熱ピークにおける吸熱量が最も大きいピーク温度を融点(Tm)とした。
ブルックフィールド(B型)粘度計を用いて140℃で測定した。
エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)約20mgをデカリン15mlに溶解し、135℃のオイルバス中で比粘度ηspを測定した。このデカリン溶液にデカリン溶媒を5ml追加して希釈後、同様にして比粘度ηspを測定した。この、デカリン溶媒5mlを追加する希釈操作をさらに2回繰り返し、下記式(Eq-1)に示すように濃度(C)を0に外挿した時のηsp/Cの値を極限粘度[η](単位;dl/g)として求めた。
[η]=lim(ηsp/C) (C→0) ・・・ (Eq-1)
(1)低温定着性
市販の電子写真複写機を改造した複写機にて未定着画像を作成した。その後、この未定着画像を市販の複写機の定着部を改造した熱ローラー定着装置を用いて、熱ローラーの定着速度を190mm/秒とし、130℃の温度で定着させた。得られた定着画像を砂消しゴム(株式会社トンボ鉛筆製)により、1.0kgfの荷重をかけ、6回摩擦させ、この摩擦試験前後の画像濃度をマクベス式反射濃度計により測定した。摩擦後の画像濃度÷摩擦前の画像濃度×100をその温度での変化率とした。130℃での変化率の平均値を定着率として算出した。なお、ここに用いた熱ローラー定着装置はシリコーンオイル供給機構を有しないものであった。また、環境条件は、常温常圧(温度22℃、相対湿度55%)とした。
◎ : 42% ≦ 定着率
○ : 39% ≦ 定着率 < 42%
△ : 35% ≦ 定着率 < 39%
× : 定着率 < 35%
上記複写機にて未定着画像を作成した後、トナー像を転写して上述の熱ローラー定着装置により定着処理を行った。その後、非画像部分にトナー汚れが生ずるか否かを観察した。前記熱ローラー定着装置の熱ローラーの設定温度を150℃より順次降下させた状態で繰り返し、トナーによる汚れの生じた設定温度をもってオフセット発生温度とし、低温側のオフセット発生温度を低温オフセット性とした。また、上記複写機の雰囲気は、温度22℃、相対湿度55%とした。
◎ : オフセット発生温度 < 130℃
○ : 130℃ ≦ オフセット発生温度 < 135℃
△ : 135℃ ≦ オフセット発生温度 < 140℃
× : 140℃ ≦ オフセット発生温度
上記複写機にて未定着画像を作成した後、トナー像を転写して上述の熱ローラー定着装置により定着処理を行った。その後、非画像部分にトナー汚れが生ずるか否かを観察した。前記熱ローラー定着装置の熱ローラーの設定温度を190℃より順次上昇させた状態で繰り返し、トナーによる汚れの生じた設定温度をもってオフセット発生温度とした。また、上記複写機の雰囲気は、温度22℃、相対湿度55%とした。
◎ : 220℃ ≦ オフセット発生温度
○ : 210℃ ≦ オフセット発生温度 < 220℃
△ : 200℃ ≦ オフセット発生温度 < 210℃
× : オフセット発生温度 < 200℃
温度50℃、相対湿度60%の環境条件下に24時間放置したトナー5gを150メッシュのふるいにのせ、パウダーテスター(細川粉体工学研究所)の加減抵抗機の目盛りを3にして、1分間振動を加えた。振動後の150メッシュのふるいの上に残った質量を測定し、残存質量比を求めた。
◎ : 残存質量比 < 45%
○ : 45% ≦ 残存質量比 < 65%
△ : 65% ≦ 残存質量比 < 75%
× : 75% ≦ 残存質量比
[低分子量ビニル樹脂(L-1)の製造例]
[製造例L-1]
混合キシレン100質量部を窒素置換したフラスコに仕込み昇温し、キシレン還流下において、スチレン93質量部、アクリル酸n-ブチル6質量部、メタクリル酸1質量部にt-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート10質量部を混合溶解しておいた混合液を5時間かけて連続添加し、さらに1時間還流を継続した。その後内温 98℃に保ち、更にt-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート0.5質量部を加えて1時間反応を継続し、更にt-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート0.5質量部を加えて2時間反応を継続し、ピーク分子量4600、酸価6.5mgKOH/gを有する低分子量ビニル樹脂L-1の重合液を得た。
[製造例H-1]
スチレン74質量部、アクリル酸n-ブチル23.5質量部、メタクリル酸2.5質量部を窒素置換したフラスコに仕込み、内温120℃に昇温後同温度に保ち、バルク重合を8時間行った。ついで、混合キシレン50質量部を加え、テトラエチレングリコールジアクリレート0.2質量部を加えた後、110℃に昇温した。予め混合溶解しておいた1、1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサンの0.35質量部、混合キシレン60質量部を110℃に保ちながら9時間かけて連続添加した後、1時間反応を継続し、1、1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサン0.21質量部を加え2時間反応を継続し、更に1、1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサンを0.52質量部を加え2時間反応を継続して重合を完結し、ピーク分子量300000、酸価16.3mgKOH/gを有する高分子量ビニル樹脂H-1の重合液を得た。
[製造例C-1]
高分子量ビニル樹脂(H-1)50質量部と低分子量ビニル樹脂(L-1)50質量部となるように各重合液を混合した後、これを190℃、1.33kPaのベッセル(容器)中にフラッシュして溶剤等を留去して、第一ピークの分子量4600、第二ピークの分子量300000、酸価11.4mgKOH/gを有するバインダー樹脂C-1を得た。
(1)溶融粘度(通常使用温度)
180℃における溶融粘度をブルックフィールド型粘度計で測定した。180℃に昇温した装置に試料を10g仕込み、10分間溶融した後に測定を開始。ローターは31番を使用し、1分当たり5回転で、20分後の粘度(mPa・s)を読み取った。
○ : 3,000mPa・s未満
△ : 3,000~4,000mPa・s
× : 4,000mPa・sを超える
(接着試験片作成方法)
ホットメルト接着剤組成物を、ホットメルトオープンタイムテスター(旭化学合成社製)を用いて、塗布温度 180℃、塗布量 0.03g/cm2、塗工速度 7.5m/min、オープンタイム 2秒、プレス荷重 2kgで貼り合わせた。(サイズ:50mm×100mm)
被着体は、汎用のダンボール(K''ライナー)を使用した。
接着試験片作成方法にて作成した試験片を、25mm×100mmサイズに切断し、T型剥離状態の基材とし、300g/25mm荷重を吊して、65℃にセットしたオーブン中において、基材の接着剤が錘に耐えかねて接着破壊(錘が落下)する時間を剥離接着破壊時間として評価した。
○ : 90分以上
× : 90分未満
ホットメルト接着剤組成物を100ml試験管(直径2.5cm)に仕込み180℃にセットしたヒーターで昇温した。10分間静置後、溶解した内容物を細いスパチュラで1分間細目に撹拌した。その後温度計を組成物内部に差し込み、内温170℃まで上昇させた。その後素早く試験管を取り出し、放冷する過程で、試験管底部が白濁する瞬間の内温を読み取った。なお放冷中は500mlビーカー底から1cmの位置に試験管を固定して気流による局部的な冷却を防いだ。
白濁する温度
○ : 126℃以上
△ : 120~126℃
× : 120℃以下
[実施例1]
充分に窒素置換された容積33Lの攪拌翼付加圧連続重合器の供給口から脱水精製したn-ヘキサンを19L/hr、トリイソブチルアルミニウムを1.0mmol/hr、N,N-ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレートを0.08mmol/hr、ビス(n-ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジメチル0.03mmol/hrの速度でそれぞれ供給した。同時に重合器の別の供給口から、エチレンを6.5kg/hr、1-ブテンを3.0kg/hr、水素を360NL/hrの速度で供給し、重合温度150℃、全圧3.0~3.2MPaGにて滞留時間を50分の条件下で連続溶液重合を実施した。
充分に窒素置換された容積33Lの攪拌翼付加圧連続重合器の供給口から脱水精製したn-ヘキサンを19L/hr、トリイソブチルアルミニウムを1.0mmol/hr、N,N-ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレートを0.08mmol/hr、ビス(n-ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジメチル0.03mmol/hrの速度でそれぞれ供給した。同時に重合器の別の供給口から、エチレンを6.5kg/hr、1-ブテンを3.5kg/hr、水素を240NL/hrの速度で供給し、重合温度150℃、全圧3.0~3.2MPaGにて滞留時間を50分の条件下で連続溶液重合を実施した。
充分に窒素置換した内容積1.5Lのガラス製フラスコに、トルエン0.6Lを装入し、攪拌速度800rpmで攪拌しながら、系内を95℃まで昇温した。その後、エチレンを35L/h、プロピレンを25L/h、水素を15L/hで流通させた。続いて、トリイソブチルアルミニウムを0.6ミリモル添加し、さらにビス(n-ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジメチルを0.0375ミリモル、N,N‐ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロジフェニル)ボレートを0.075ミリモル添加して重合を開始した。エチレンおよびプロピレンおよび水素を連続的に供給しながら、常圧下95℃、攪拌速度800rpmで攪拌しながら60分間重合を行った。
蒸留精製を行わなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様に行い、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-4)を得た。物性測定結果を表1に示す。
蒸留精製を行わなかったこと以外は実施例2と同様に行い、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-5)を得た。物性測定結果を表1に示す。
充分に窒素置換された容積33Lの攪拌翼付加圧連続重合器の供給口から脱水精製したn-ヘキサンを19L/hr、トリイソブチルアルミニウムを1.0mmol/hr、N,N-ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレートを0.06mmol/hr、ビス(n-ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジメチル0.02mmol/hrの速度でそれぞれ供給した。同時に重合器の別の供給口から、エチレンを5.0kg/hr、1-ブテンを4.0kg/hr、水素を300NL/hrの速度で供給し、重合温度150℃、全圧3.0~3.2MPaGにて滞留時間を50分の条件下で連続溶液重合を実施した。
充分に窒素置換された容積33Lの攪拌翼付加圧連続重合器の供給口から脱水精製したn-ヘキサンを19L/hr、トリイソブチルアルミニウムを1.0mmol/hr、N,N-ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレートを0.14mmol/hr、ビス(n-ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジメチル0.05mmol/hrの速度でそれぞれ供給した。同時に重合器の別の供給口から、エチレンを9.0kg/hr、1-ブテンを7.0kg/hr、水素を550NL/hrの速度で供給し、重合温度150℃、全圧3.0~3.2MPaGにて滞留時間を40分の条件下で連続溶液重合を実施した。
充分に窒素置換した内容積1.5Lのガラス製フラスコに、トルエン0.6Lを装入し、攪拌速度800rpmで攪拌しながら、系内を95℃まで昇温した。その後、エチレンを30L/h、プロピレンを30L/h、水素を15L/hで流通させた。続いて、トリイソブチルアルミニウムを0.6ミリモル添加し、さらにビス(n-ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジメチルを0.0375ミリモル、N,N-ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロジフェニル)ボレートを0.075ミリモル添加して重合を開始した。エチレンおよびプロピレンおよび水素を連続的に供給しながら、常圧下95℃、攪拌速度800rpmで攪拌しながら60分間重合を行った。少量のイソブチルアルコールを系内に添加し重合を停止させた後、得られた重合溶液を大量のアセトン中に注ぐことによりポリマーを析出させた。得られたポリマーをろ過により回収し、80℃減圧下で一晩乾燥させた。その結果、エチレン/プロピレン共重合体6.0gを得た。必要量が得られるまで上記反応を繰り返し行い、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-8)を得た。物性測定結果を表1に示す。
充分に窒素置換した内容積0.5Lのガラス製フラスコに、トルエン0.5Lと1-オクテン0.01Lを装入し、攪拌速度800rpmで攪拌しながら、系内を90℃まで昇温した。その後、エチレンを60L/h、水素を60L/hで流通させた。続いて、トリイソブチルアルミニウムを0.3ミリモル添加し、さらにビス(n-ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジメチルを0.0125ミリモル、N,N-ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロジフェニル)ボレートを0.025ミリモル添加して重合を開始した。エチレンおよび水素を連続的に供給しながら、常圧下90℃、攪拌速度800rpmで攪拌しながら20分間重合を行った。少量のイソブチルアルコールを系内に添加し重合を停止させた後、得られた重合溶液を大量のアセトン中に注ぐことによりポリマーを析出させた。得られたポリマーをろ過により回収し、80℃減圧下で一晩乾燥させた。その結果、エチレン/オクテン共重合体9.0gを得た。必要量が得られるまで上記反応を繰り返し行い、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-9)を得た。物性測定結果を表1に示す。
[実施例6]
100質量部のバインダー樹脂C-1に対し、カーボンブラック(MA100;三菱化成製)6質量部、実施例1で得られたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)5質量部、荷電調整剤(T-77;保土ヶ谷化学工業社製)0.5質量部添加し、ヘンシェルミキサーにて混合後、2軸混練機(PCM-30型、池貝機械製)にて 2軸混練機吐出部樹脂温度120℃、滞留時間30秒で混練させた。ついで冷却・粉砕・分級してトナーを得た。得られたトナーの評価結果を表2に示す。
実施例6で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、実施例2で得たエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-2)を用いる以外は、実施例6と同様の方法でトナーを得た。得られたトナーの評価結果を表2に示す。
実施例6で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、実施例3で得たエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-3)を用いる以外は、実施例6と同様の方法でトナーを得た。得られたトナーの評価結果を表2に示す。
実施例6で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、実施例4で得たエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-4)を用いる以外は、実施例6と同様の方法でトナーを得た。得られたトナーの評価結果を表2に示す。
実施例6で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、実施例5で得たエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-5)を用いる以外は、実施例6と同様の方法でトナーを得た。得られたトナーの評価結果を表2に示す。
実施例6で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、比較例1で得たエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-6)を用いる以外は、実施例6と同様の方法でトナーを得た。得られたトナーの評価結果を表2に示す。
実施例6で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、比較例2で得たエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-7)を用いる以外は、実施例6と同様の方法でトナーを得た。得られたトナーの評価結果を表2に示す。
実施例6で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、商品名:ハイワックス200P(三井化学社製、エチレン:100.0モル部、物性は表1に示す)を用いる以外は、実施例6と同様に行いトナーを得た。得られたトナーの評価結果を表2に示す。
実施例6で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、商品名:ハイワックス220P(三井化学社製、エチレン・プロピレン共重合体、プロピレン由来の構成単位:5.1モル部、物性は表1に示す)を用いる以外は、実施例6と同様に行いトナーを得た。得られたトナーの評価結果を表2に示す。
[実施例11]
樹脂(B)としてエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体(エバフレックス(登録商標)EV220、三井デュポンポリケミカル株式会社製)40質量部、粘着付与剤として芳香族炭化水素樹脂(FTR(登録商標)6125、三井化学株式会社製)40質量部、実施例1で得られたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)20質量部を配合し、オートクレーブを使用して180℃で15分混練しホットメルト接着剤組成物を得た。得られたホットメルト組成物の評価結果を表3に示す。
実施例11で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、実施例2で得られたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-2)を用いる以外は、実施例11と同様に行いホットメルト接着剤組成物を得た。得られたホットメルト接着剤組成物の評価結果を表3に示す。
実施例11で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、実施例4で得られたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-4)を用いる以外は、実施例11と同様に行いホットメルト接着剤組成物を得た。得られたホットメルト接着剤組成物の評価結果を表3に示す。
実施例11で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、比較例3で得られたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-8)を用いる以外は、実施例11と同様に行いホットメルト接着剤組成物を得た。得られたホットメルト接着剤組成物の評価結果を表3に示す。
実施例11で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、比較例4で得られたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-9)を用いる以外は、実施例11と同様に行いホットメルト接着剤組成物を得た。得られたホットメルト接着剤組成物の評価結果を表3に示す。
実施例11で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、商品名:ハイワックス200P(三井化学社製、エチレン:100.0モル%、物性は表1に示す)を用いる以外は、実施例11と同様に行いホットメルト接着剤組成物を得た。得られたホットメルト接着剤組成物の評価結果を表3に示す。
実施例11で用いたエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A-1)に替えて、商品名:ハイワックス220P(三井化学社製、エチレン・プロピレン共重合体、プロピレン由来の構成単位:5.1モル部、物性は表1に示す)を用いる以外は、実施例11と同様に行いホットメルト接着剤組成物を得た。得られたホットメルト接着剤組成物の評価結果を表3に示す。
Claims (14)
- エチレン由来の構成単位(a)を91.0~99.9モル部、および炭素数3~8のα-オレフィン由来の構成単位(b)を0.1~9.0モル部〔(a)+(b)=100モル部とする〕含み、下記(i)~(iv)を満たすエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)と
熱可塑性樹脂および熱硬化性樹脂からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の樹脂(B)とを含み、
(A)と(B)の質量比〔(A)/(B)〕が0.1/99.9~50/50である、樹脂組成物。
(i)GPCで測定した重量平均分子量(Mw)が400~1,500の範囲にある。
(ii)GPCで測定した分子量分布(Mw/Mn)が1.2~2.5の範囲にある。
(iii)JIS K 2207に従い、25℃にて測定した針入度が13dmm以下である。
(iv)DSCで測定した融点(Tm)が50~110℃の範囲にある。
- 前記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)が更に下記(v)を満たす請求項1に記載の樹脂組成物。
(v)示差走査熱量測定(DSC)で測定した、すべてのピークに由来する全融解熱量(ΔHall)に対する40℃以下のピークに由来する融解熱量(ΔH-40)の割合が1.0%~5.0%の範囲にある。 - 前記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)が更に下記(vi)を満たす請求項1または2に記載の樹脂組成物。
(vi)DSCで測定した融解ピークの数が2以上である。 - 前記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)が更に下記(vii)を満たす請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
(vii)B≦0.15×K
(上記式中、Bは、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーで測定したときの、上記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)中のポリエチレン換算の分子量が5000以上となる成分の含有割合(質量%)であり、Kは上記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体(A)の140℃における溶融粘度(mPa・s)である。) - 前記構成単位(b)が1-ブテン由来の構成単位である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記樹脂(B)が熱可塑性樹脂である請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記樹脂(B)がポリエステル樹脂およびスチレン系重合体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の樹脂である請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物及び着色剤を含む電子写真用トナー。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物100質量部及び粘着付与剤5~300質量部を含む、ホットメルト組成物。
- エチレン由来の構成単位(a)を91.0~99.9モル部、炭素数3~8のα-オレフィン由来の構成単位(b)を0.1~9.0モル部〔(a)+(b)=100モル部とする〕含み、下記(i)~(iv)を満たすエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体。
(i)GPCで測定した重量平均分子量(Mw)が400~1,500の範囲にある。
(ii)GPCで測定した分子量分布(Mw/Mn)が1.2~2.5の範囲にある。
(iii)JIS K 2207に従い、25℃にて測定した針入度が13dmm以下である。
(iv)DSCで測定した融点(Tm)が50~110℃の範囲にある。 - 更に下記(v)を満たす請求項10に記載のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体。
(v)すべてのピークに由来する全融解熱量(ΔHall)に対する40℃以下のピークに由来する融解熱量(ΔH-40)の割合が1.0%~5.0%の範囲にある。 - 更に下記(vi)を満たす請求項10または11に記載のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体。
(vi)DSCで測定した融解ピークの数が2以上である。 - 更に下記(vii)を満たす請求項10~12のいずれか1項に記載のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体。
(vii)B≦0.15×K
(上記式中、Bは、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーで測定した場合の、上記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体中のポリエチレン換算の分子量が5000以上となる成分の含有割合(質量%)であり、Kは上記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体の140℃における溶融粘度(mPa・s)である。) - 前記構成単位(b)が1-ブテン由来の構成単位である、請求項10~13のいずれか1項に記載のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体。
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CN110088194A (zh) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-08-02 | 三井化学株式会社 | 聚酯片 |
JP2021502277A (ja) * | 2017-11-13 | 2021-01-28 | ブラスケム・エス・エー | 3次元印刷において改善された寸法安定性を有するポリオレフィン、それから形成された物品、およびその方法 |
CN112585208A (zh) * | 2018-09-04 | 2021-03-30 | 出光兴产株式会社 | 热塑性树脂组合物和热熔粘接剂 |
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EP3239778B1 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2019-06-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner |
RU2745052C1 (ru) | 2017-07-14 | 2021-03-18 | Таркетт Гдл | Композиция слоя основы коврового покрытия |
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