WO2015129705A1 - グルタチオン検出用蛍光プローブ - Google Patents
グルタチオン検出用蛍光プローブ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015129705A1 WO2015129705A1 PCT/JP2015/055276 JP2015055276W WO2015129705A1 WO 2015129705 A1 WO2015129705 A1 WO 2015129705A1 JP 2015055276 W JP2015055276 W JP 2015055276W WO 2015129705 A1 WO2015129705 A1 WO 2015129705A1
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- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 279
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- 108010024636 Glutathione Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229960003180 glutathione Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 38
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- LJOOWESTVASNOG-UFJKPHDISA-N [(1s,3r,4ar,7s,8s,8as)-3-hydroxy-8-[2-[(4r)-4-hydroxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl]-7-methyl-1,2,3,4,4a,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen-1-yl] (2s)-2-methylbutanoate Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](C)C=C[C@H]2C[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]([C@H]12)OC(=O)[C@@H](C)CC)CC1C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O1 LJOOWESTVASNOG-UFJKPHDISA-N 0.000 description 4
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Images
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- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
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- C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
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- C07F7/0812—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09B11/00—Diaryl- or thriarylmethane dyes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
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- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
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- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel fluorescent probe for detecting a compound containing an —SH group such as glutathione. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fluorescent probe for reversibly detecting intracellular glutathione concentration, a detection method using the fluorescent probe, and a detection kit including the probe.
- Glutathione functions as a major antioxidant in the cell and plays an important role in various pathophysiology involving oxidative stress.
- glutathione concentration in cancer cells is said to be maintained higher than that in normal cells, which is considered to be a cause of treatment resistance to radiation and anticancer agents.
- measuring the intracellular concentration of glutathione is important in clarifying the involvement of oxidative stress in various pathological conditions. Furthermore, it can be a very useful tool in actual practice, such as enabling prediction of treatment resistance by estimating the glutathione concentration of cancer cells.
- the present invention aims to develop a technique for reversibly measuring intracellular glutathione concentration in living cells, and develops a fluorescence control mechanism using a reversible reaction with glutathione and can be applied to living cells. It is an object to develop a novel fluorescent probe.
- rhodamine-like skeleton a compound containing an —SH group such as glutathione is rhodamine and a rhodamine-like skeleton (hereinafter collectively referred to as “rhodamine-like skeleton”). Focusing on the phenomenon of causing a nucleophilic attack to the 9-position of the xanthene ring in the xanthene ring and extinguishing absorption and fluorescence in the visible light region of a compound having a rhodamine-like skeleton, reversibly and in a concentration-dependent manner at physiological glutathione concentrations.
- rhodamine-like skeleton Focusing on the phenomenon of causing a nucleophilic attack to the 9-position of the xanthene ring in the xanthene ring and extinguishing absorption and fluorescence in the visible light region of a compound having a rhodamine-like skeleton, re
- the inventors have found a fluorophore whose fluorescence intensity changes, and have completed the present invention.
- a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) type fluorescent probe using the fluorophore as an acceptor has been developed, and it has been found that reversible detection of glutathione concentration change in living cells can be achieved.
- the present invention is applicable to detection of compounds other than glutathione as long as they are compounds containing an —SH group.
- a fluorescent probe for detecting a compound containing an —SH group including a compound represented by the following formula (I) or a salt thereof.
- X represents Si (R a ) (R b ), Ge (R a ) (R b ), Sn (R a ) (R b ), C (R a ) (R b ), or O (where , R a and R b each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group);
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, or 1 to 4 independently selected from the group consisting of an optionally substituted alkyl group, carboxyl group, ester group, alkoxy group, amide group, and azide group.
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkoxy group, aryl, or heteroaryl
- R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, an alkyl group that may be substituted, a sulfo group, a carboxyl group, an ester group, an amide group, and an azide group.
- R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group,
- R 5 or R 6 together with R 3 may form a ring structure containing a nitrogen atom to which they are bonded
- R 7 or R 8 may be combined with R 4 to form a ring structure containing a nitrogen atom to which they are bonded.
- the present invention in a preferred embodiment, (2) The fluorescent probe according to (1) above, wherein the compound containing the —SH group is a compound having a cysteine residue; (3) The fluorescent probe according to (1) above, wherein the compound containing the —SH group is glutathione; (4) The fluorescent probe according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein X is Si (R a ) (R b ); (5) R 2 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, an optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 4 alkoxy group, or a phenyl group; R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- FRET fluorescence resonance energy transfer
- the present invention provides: (9) A method for detecting a compound containing an —SH group, using the fluorescent probe according to any one of (1) to (8) above; (10) The presence of a compound containing an —SH group is detected by observing a fluorescence response or a change in absorbance due to a reaction between the compound containing the —SH group and the fluorescent probe.
- the detection method according to (11) The detection method according to (10), wherein the fluorescence response is a fluorescence change caused by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET); (12) The detection method according to (10) above, wherein the fluorescence response is visualized using a fluorescence imaging means; (13) The detection method according to any one of (9) to (12) above, wherein the compound containing the —SH group is a compound having a cysteine residue; and (14) containing the —SH group The detection method according to any one of (9) to (12) above, wherein the compound to be obtained is glutathione.
- FRET fluorescence resonance energy transfer
- the present invention provides: (15) A kit for detecting a compound containing an —SH group, comprising the fluorescent probe according to any one of (1) to (8) above; (16) The kit according to (15) above, wherein the compound containing the -SH group is a compound having a cysteine residue; and (17) the compound containing the -SH group is glutathione.
- a kit according to (15) is provided.
- glutathione can be detected reversibly and in a concentration-dependent manner by a fluorescence response, so that it is possible to accurately measure glutathione concentration reversibly and over time in living cells.
- the detection method of the present invention can be performed with a microscope capable of normal cell imaging, and does not require any special equipment.
- quantification over time is possible, it is possible to grasp the decrease in glutathione and the recovery from oxidative stress exposure when various stimuli are given or repeatedly applied to the same cell.
- the present invention can be applied to detection of a compound or peptide having a cysteine residue other than glutathione as long as it is a compound containing an —SH group. From the basic research of the developed probe, it can be said that the industrial utility value and economic effect are extremely large.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a change in absorption spectrum associated with the addition of glutathione of “2Me SiR600” which is a fluorescent probe of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a change in fluorescence spectrum accompanying the addition of glutathione of compound 1 “2Me SiR600” which is the fluorescent probe of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the time dependence of the change in absorption spectrum intensity when glutathione is added to the fluorescent probe compounds 1 and 2 of the present invention and then N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) is added.
- FIG. 4 is an image showing the results of fluorescence imaging of cancer cultured cells using Compound 1 “2Me SiR600” which is the fluorescent probe of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a change in absorption spectrum associated with the addition of glutathione of “2Me SiR600” which is a fluorescent probe of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a change in flu
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing a change in absorption spectrum of compound 8 “2Me SiR600-TMR”, which is a fluorescent probe of the present invention, with glutathione addition.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing changes in the fluorescence spectrum of compound 8 “2Me SiR600-TMR”, which is the fluorescent probe of the present invention, with the addition of glutathione.
- FIG. 7 is a graph in which intensity changes of the acceptor peak wavelength (615 nm) and the donor peak wavelength (584 nm) are plotted in the fluorescence spectrum of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is an image showing the result of fluorescence imaging in cancer cell cultures using Compound 8 “2Me SiR600-TMR” which is the fluorescent probe of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is an image showing the results of fluorescence imaging of cancer cultured cells using Compound 9 “2Me SiR600-TMR (Me)” which is the fluorescent probe of the present invention.
- halogen atom means a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom.
- alkyl may be any of an aliphatic hydrocarbon group composed of linear, branched, cyclic, or a combination thereof.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is not particularly limited, for example, 1 to 20 carbon atoms (C 1-20), having 3 to 15 carbon (C 3-15), having 5 to 10 carbon atoms (C 5-10 ). When the number of carbons is specified, it means “alkyl” having the number of carbons within the range.
- C 1-8 alkyl includes methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neo-pentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl and the like are included.
- the alkyl group may have one or more arbitrary substituents.
- substituents examples include, but are not limited to, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, an amino group, a mono- or di-substituted amino group, a substituted silyl group, and acyl.
- alkyl group has two or more substituents, they may be the same or different.
- alkyl part of other substituents containing an alkyl part for example, an alkoxy group, an arylalkyl group, etc.
- substituent group examples include, but are not limited to, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a halogen atom, a sulfo group, an amino group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, and an oxo group.
- substituents may further have a substituent. Examples of such include, but are not limited to, a halogenated alkyl group, a dialkylamino group, and the like.
- alkenyl refers to a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
- non-limiting examples include vinyl, allyl, 1-propenyl, isopropenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1,3-butanedienyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl 4-pentenyl, 1,3-pentanedienyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, 5-hexenyl and 1,4-hexanedienyl).
- the double bond may be either cis or trans conformation.
- alkynyl refers to a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.
- non-limiting examples include ethynyl, propynyl, 2-butynyl and 3-methylbutynyl.
- cycloalkyl refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic non-aromatic ring system composed of the above alkyl.
- the cycloalkyl can be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents, which can be the same or different, and non-limiting examples of monocyclic cycloalkyl include cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl
- Non-limiting examples of polycyclic cycloalkyls include 1-decalinyl, 2-decalinyl, norbornyl, adamantyl and the like.
- the cycloalkyl may be a heterocycloalkyl containing one or more hetero atoms (for example, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom) as ring-constituting atoms.
- Any —NH in the heterocycloalkyl ring may be protected, for example as a —N (Boc) group, —N (CBz) group and —N (Tos) group, a nitrogen atom in the ring or
- the sulfur atom may be oxidized to the corresponding N-oxide, S-oxide or S, S-dioxide.
- non-limiting examples of monocyclic heterocycloalkyl include diazapanyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, thiazolidinyl, 1,4-dioxanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, lactam and Examples include lactones.
- cycloalkenyl refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic non-aromatic ring system containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
- the cycloalkenyl may be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents, which may be the same or different, and non-limiting examples of monocyclic cycloalkenyl include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl And cyclohepta-1,3-dienyl, and non-limiting examples of polycyclic cycloalkenyl include norbornylenyl and the like.
- the cycloalkyl may be a heterocycloalkenyl which may be a heterocycloalkenyl containing one or more heteroatoms (for example, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom) as a ring-constituting atom. Atoms may be oxidized to the corresponding N-oxide, S-oxide or S, S-dioxide.
- heteroatoms for example, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom
- aryl may be either a monocyclic or condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group, and a hetero atom (for example, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom) as a ring constituent atom Etc.) may be an aromatic heterocyclic ring. In this case, it may be referred to as “heteroaryl” or “heteroaromatic”. Whether aryl is a single ring or a fused ring, it can be attached at all possible positions.
- Non-limiting examples of monocyclic aryl include phenyl group (Ph), thienyl group (2- or 3-thienyl group), pyridyl group, furyl group, thiazolyl group, oxazolyl group, pyrazolyl group, 2-pyrazinyl Group, pyrimidinyl group, pyrrolyl group, imidazolyl group, pyridazinyl group, 3-isothiazolyl group, 3-isoxazolyl group, 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl group or 1,2,4-oxadiazole-3 -Yl group and the like.
- Non-limiting examples of fused polycyclic aryl include 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group, 1-indenyl group, 2-indenyl group, 2,3-dihydroinden-1-yl group, 2,3 -Dihydroinden-2-yl group, 2-anthryl group, indazolyl group, quinolyl group, isoquinolyl group, 1,2-dihydroisoquinolyl group, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolyl group, indolyl group, Isoindolyl group, phthalazinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, benzofuranyl group, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-1-yl group, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-yl group, 2,3-dihydrobenzothiophen-1-yl group, 2 , 3-dihydrobenzothiophen-2-yl group, benzothiazolyl group,
- an aryl group may have one or more arbitrary substituents on the ring.
- substituents include, but are not limited to, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, an amino group, a mono- or di-substituted amino group, a substituted silyl group, and acyl.
- the aryl group has two or more substituents, they may be the same or different. The same applies to the aryl moiety of other substituents containing the aryl moiety (for example, an aryloxy group and an arylalkyl group).
- arylalkyl represents alkyl substituted with the above aryl.
- the arylalkyl may have one or more arbitrary substituents.
- substituents include, but are not limited to, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, an amino group, a mono- or di-substituted amino group, a substituted silyl group, and an acyl group.
- the acyl group has two or more substituents, they may be the same or different.
- Non-limiting examples of arylalkyl include benzyl group, 2-thienylmethyl group, 3-thienylmethyl group, 2-pyridylmethyl group, 3-pyridylmethyl group, 4-pyridylmethyl group, 2-furylmethyl group, 3-furylmethyl group, 2-thiazolylmethyl group, 4-thiazolylmethyl group, 5-thiazolylmethyl group, 2-oxazolylmethyl group, 4-oxazolylmethyl group, 5-oxazolylmethyl group, 1-pyrazolylmethyl group 3-pyrazolylmethyl group, 4-pyrazolylmethyl group, 2-pyrazinylmethyl group, 2-pyrimidinylmethyl group, 4-pyrimidinylmethyl group, 5-pyrimidinylmethyl group, 1-pyrrolylmethyl group, 2-pyrrolylmethyl group, 3-pyrrolylmethyl group 1-imidazolylmethyl group, 2-imidazolylmethyl group, 4-imidazolylmethyl 3-pyridazinylmethyl group, 4-pyridazinylmethyl group
- arylalkenyl represents alkenyl substituted with aryl.
- the “alkoxy group” is a structure in which the alkyl group is bonded to an oxygen atom, and examples thereof include a saturated alkoxy group that is linear, branched, cyclic, or a combination thereof.
- methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group, cyclopropoxy group, n-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, s-butoxy group, t-butoxy group, cyclobutoxy group, cyclopropylmethoxy group, n- Pentyloxy group, cyclopentyloxy group, cyclopropylethyloxy group, cyclobutylmethyloxy group, n-hexyloxy group, cyclohexyloxy group, cyclopropylpropyloxy group, cyclobutylethyloxy group, cyclopentylmethyloxy group, etc. are preferable Take as an example.
- the “aryloxy group” is a group to which the aryl group is bonded through an oxygen atom.
- the aryloxy group include phenoxy group, 2-thienyloxy group, 3-thienyloxy group, 2-pyridyloxy group, 3-pyridyloxy group, 4-pyridyloxy group, 2-furyloxy group, and 3-furyl.
- alkylene is a divalent group consisting of a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon, such as methylene, 1-methylmethylene, 1,1-dimethylmethylene, ethylene, 1-methylethylene, 1-ethylethylene, 1,1-dimethylethylene, 1,2-dimethylethylene, 1,1-diethylethylene, 1,2-diethylethylene, 1-ethyl-2-methylethylene, trimethylene, 1 -Methyltrimethylene, 2-methyltrimethylene, 1,1-dimethyltrimethylene, 1,2-dimethyltrimethylene, 2,2-dimethyltrimethylene, 1-ethyltrimethylene, 2-ethyltrimethylene, 1,1 -Diethyltrimethylene, 1,2-diethyltrimethylene, 2,2-diethyltrimethylene, 2-ethyl-2-methyltrime Len, tetramethylene, 1-methyltetramethylene, 2-methyltetramethylene, 1,1-dimethyltetramethylene, 1,2-d
- alkenylene is a divalent group consisting of an unsaturated hydrocarbon having at least one linear or branched carbon-carbon double bond, such as ethenylene.
- arylene and arylalkylene mean a divalent group based on the above “aryl” and “arylalkyl”, respectively.
- oxyalkylene and aryleneoxy mean a divalent group based on the above “alkoxy” and “aryloxy”, respectively.
- alkylamino and arylamino mean an amino group in which a hydrogen atom of —NH 2 group is substituted with 1 or 2 of the above alkyl or aryl.
- methylamino, dimethylamino, ethylamino, diethylamino, ethylmethylamino, benzylamino and the like can be mentioned.
- alkylthio and arylthio mean a group in which the hydrogen atom of the —SH group is substituted with the above alkyl or aryl.
- methylthio, ethylthio, benzylthio and the like can be mentioned.
- ring structure when formed by a combination of two substituents, means a heterocyclic or carbocyclic group, such group being saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic.
- it includes cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, and heteroaryl as defined above. Examples include cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphthyl, morpholinyl, piperidinyl, imidazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyridyl and the like.
- a substituent can form a ring structure with another substituent, and when such substituents are bonded to each other, those skilled in the art will recognize a specific substitution, such as bonding to hydrogen.
- the fluorescent probe of the present invention includes a compound having a structure represented by the following formula (I).
- X is Si (R a ) (R b ), Ge (R a ) (R b ), Sn (R a ) (R b ), or C (R a ) (R b ).
- R a and R b each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- R a and R b are alkyl groups, they can have one or more substituents, and examples of such substituents include alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, You may have 1 or 2 or more amino groups, sulfo groups, etc.
- R a and R b are preferably both methyl groups.
- R a and R b may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure.
- R a and R b are both alkyl groups, R a and R b can be bonded to each other to form a spirocarbocycle.
- the ring formed is preferably about 5 to 8 membered ring, for example.
- X is preferably Si (R a ) (R b ), more preferably Si (CH 3 ) 2 .
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, or an optionally substituted alkyl group (for example, the “optionally substituted alkyl group” may include haloalkyl such as fluoroalkyl), a carboxyl group, 1 to 4 identical or different substituents independently selected from the group consisting of an ester group, an alkoxy group, an amide group, and an azide group.
- R 1 is other than a hydrogen atom
- the position in the benzene ring is not particularly limited, but is preferably a meta position with respect to the substituent having R 2 .
- R 1 is preferably, for example, iminodiacetic ester.
- R 1 may have a fluorophore serving as a donor of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET).
- FRET fluorescence resonance energy transfer
- R 1 is preferably an amide group.
- a fluorophore known in the technical field related to FRET can be used as long as it is a fluorophore that can serve as a donor to the rhodamine-like skeleton site in formula (I), and is not limited thereto. Examples include pyrene, perylene, coumarin, fluorescein, rhodamine, cyanine, boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY), oxazine, and the like.
- such a fluorophore is a compound having a xanthene skeleton.
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, an alkyl group that may be substituted, an alkynyl group, an alkoxy group, aryl, or heteroaryl.
- they are a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, an optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 4 alkoxy group, or a phenyl group. More preferred are a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a methyl group, and a methoxy group.
- R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, an independently substituted alkyl group, a sulfo group, a carboxyl group, an ester group, an amide group, or an azide group. Represents 1 to 3 identical or different substituents. Preferably, R 3 and R 4 are both hydrogen atoms. Similarly to R 1 , R 3 or R 4 may have a fluorophore that serves as a donor for fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET).
- FRET fluorescence resonance energy transfer
- R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- R 1 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 or R 8 may have a fluorophore that serves as a donor for fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET).
- FRET fluorescence resonance energy transfer
- R 5 or R 6 when either R 5 or R 6 is an alkyl group, it may be combined with R 3 to form a ring structure containing a nitrogen atom to which they are bonded. In that case, only one of R 5 and R 3 or a combination of R 6 and R 3 may form a ring structure, or both may form a ring structure.
- the ring structure may contain further hetero atoms other than the nitrogen atom.
- R 7 or R 8 when either R 7 or R 8 is an alkyl group, it may be combined with R 4 to form a ring structure containing the nitrogen atom to which they are attached. In that case, only one of R 7 and R 4 , or a combination of R 8 and R 4 may form a ring structure, or both may form a ring structure.
- the ring structure may contain further hetero atoms other than the nitrogen atom.
- the compound represented by the above formula (I) has a monovalent positive charge at the N atom to which R 7 and R 8 are linked, it usually exists as a salt.
- salts include base addition salts, acid addition salts, amino acid salts and the like.
- base addition salt include metal salts such as sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt, ammonium salt, or organic amine salts such as triethylamine salt, piperidine salt, morpholine salt, and acid addition salt.
- Examples include mineral acids such as hydrochlorides, sulfates and nitrates, carboxylates such as trifluoroacetates, organic acids such as methanesulfonate, paratoluenesulfonate, citrate and oxalate. Mention may be made of salts. Examples of amino acid salts include glycine salts. However, it is not limited to these salts.
- the compound represented by the formula (I) may have one or more asymmetric carbons depending on the type of substituent, and there are stereoisomers such as optical isomers or diastereoisomers. There is a case. Pure forms of stereoisomers, any mixture of stereoisomers, racemates, and the like are all within the scope of the present invention.
- the compound represented by the formula (I) or a salt thereof may exist as a hydrate or a solvate, and any of these substances is included in the scope of the present invention.
- solvents such as ethanol, acetone, isopropanol, can be illustrated.
- the above-mentioned fluorescent probe may be used as a composition by blending additives usually used in the preparation of reagents as necessary.
- additives such as solubilizers, pH adjusters, buffers, and tonicity agents can be used as additives for use in a physiological environment, and the amount of these can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art. is there.
- These compositions can be provided as a composition in an appropriate form such as a powder-form mixture, a lyophilized product, a granule, a tablet, or a liquid.
- the fluorescent probe of the present invention is the thiol in glutathione or the like at the 9-position of the xanthene-like fused ring represented by the formula (I) as shown below. It uses a mechanism in which both absorption and fluorescence in the visible light region disappear when it is nucleophilic attacked by a (SH) group (herein, a compound containing an —SH group such as glutathione is indicated as “R-SH”). ing.). The reaction is reversible. Thereby, a compound having an —SH group such as glutathione can be detected reversibly, with time, and quantitatively.
- Examples of the “compound containing an —SH group” are not limited to glutathione listed here, but can include compounds and peptides having a wide cysteine residue, and as long as the following reaction proceeds, The fluorescent probe of the present invention can also be applied to these compounds.
- the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) in which the rhodamine-like skeleton of formula (I) serves as an acceptor It is also possible to detect the reaction with the —SH group-containing compound as a change in emission wavelength. That is, in an environment in which no —SH group-containing compound exists, light emission at a fluorescence wavelength unique to the rhodamine-like skeleton is observed.
- the reaction between the compound of formula (I) and the —SH group-containing compound causes In addition to quenching the fluorescence, the emission at the fluorescence wavelength inherent to the donor fluorophore increases, so that the detection of the —SH group-containing compound can be detected as fluorescence. Therefore, the fluorescence spectrum of the donor fluorophore overlaps with the absorption spectrum of the rhodamine-like skeleton, and the fluorescence wavelength of the donor fluorophore is preferably in a wavelength region different from the fluorescence wavelength of the rhodamine-like skeleton.
- such donor fluorophores can be present in any of R 1 , R 3 to R 8 in formula (I), preferably R 1 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 or R 8 can exist.
- the method for detecting a —SH group-containing compound of the present invention contains a —SH group by observing a fluorescence response or a change in absorbance due to a reaction between the SH group-containing compound and the fluorescent probe. It is characterized by detecting the presence of a compound.
- the term “detection” should be interpreted in the broadest sense including measurement for various purposes such as quantification and qualitative.
- the fluorescence response is preferably a fluorescence change caused by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET).
- a fluorometer having a wide measurement wavelength can be used, but it is also possible to visualize the fluorescence response using a fluorescence imaging means capable of displaying the fluorescence response as a two-dimensional image.
- fluorescence imaging means By using fluorescence imaging means, the fluorescence response can be visualized in two dimensions, so that it is possible to visually recognize glutathione or the like instantaneously.
- the fluorescence imaging apparatus an apparatus known in the technical field can be used.
- the means for bringing the —SH group-containing compound sample to be measured into contact with the fluorescent probe typically includes adding, applying, or spraying a solution containing the fluorescent probe. It is possible to select appropriately according to the measurement environment or the like.
- the application concentration of the fluorescent probe of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- a solution having a concentration of about 0.1 to 10 ⁇ M can be applied.
- the compound represented by the above formula (I) or a salt thereof may be used as it is, but if necessary, an additive usually used for the preparation of a reagent is blended as a composition. It may be used.
- additives such as a solubilizer, pH adjuster, buffer, and isotonic agent can be used as an additive for using the reagent in a physiological environment. Is possible.
- These compositions are generally provided as a composition in an appropriate form such as a mixture in powder form, a lyophilized product, a granule, a tablet, or a liquid, but distilled water for injection or an appropriate buffer at the time of use. It is sufficient to dissolve and apply to.
- the fluorescent probe of the present invention is usually prepared as a solution.
- the fluorescent probe of the present invention is usually prepared as a solution.
- it is provided as a composition in an appropriate form such as a mixture in powder form, a lyophilized product, a granule, a tablet, or a liquid. It can also be applied by dissolving in distilled water for injection or an appropriate buffer.
- the kit may appropriately contain other reagents as necessary.
- additives such as solubilizers, pH adjusters, buffers, and isotonic agents can be used as additives, and the amount of these additives can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.
- NMR measurement was performed using AVANCE III-400 Nanobay (Bruker, Co. Ltd.) (400 MHz for 1 H NMR, 101 MHz for 13 C NMR). Mass spectrometry measurement was performed using MicrOTOF® (ESI-TOF, Bruker, Co. Ltd.). For high-resolution MS (HRMS) measurement, sodium formate was used as an external standard.
- HRMS high-resolution MS
- Trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (40 ⁇ l, 0.238 mmol, 1.4 eq.) was slowly added, and the mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes, and then compound D2 (82.3 mg, 0.210 mmol, 1.2 eq.), Bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (II) dichloride (23.7 mg, 0.034 mmol, 0.2 eq.) And sodium carbonate (53.2 mg, 0.503 mmol, 3.0 eq.) Were added, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. overnight.
- Dichloromethane was added thereto for extraction, and the organic phase was washed with water and saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure and dried under vacuum.
- the obtained residue was dissolved in deoxygenated dichloromethane (7 ml) under an argon atmosphere, and this was dissolved in 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid (187.4 mg, 1.20 mmol, 24 eq.) And tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium ( 40.1 mg, 0.034 mmol, 0.7 eq.) was added to the test tube and stirred at 35 ° C. for 60 minutes under an argon atmosphere.
- the obtained compound was dissolved in deoxygenated dichloromethane (5 ml), and 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid (185 mg, 1.17 mmol, 25 eq.) And tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (8.0 mg, 6 ⁇ mol, 0.1 eq.) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 40 ° C. for 90 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, chloranil (15.1 mg, 0.062 mmol, 1.3 eq.) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes.
- the obtained compound was dissolved in deoxygenated dichloromethane (3 ml), and 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid (108 mg, 0.697 mmol, 20 eq.) And tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (4.5 mg, 4 ⁇ mol, 0.1 eq.) Was added, and the mixture was stirred at 40 ° C. for 4 hours.
- Chloranil (11.0 mg, 0.045 mmol, 1.2 eq.) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 min. The blue-violet fraction was collected and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- the obtained compound was dissolved in deoxygenated dichloromethane (2 ml), and 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid (78.0 mg, 0.500 mmol, 20 eq.) And tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (2.0 mg, 2 ⁇ mol, 0.1 eq.) Was added and stirred at room temperature overnight.
- Chloranil (10.1 mg, 0.042 mmol, 1.7 eq.) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 min. The blue-violet fraction was collected and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- the blue-violet fraction was collected and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- the obtained compound was dissolved in deoxygenated dichloromethane (3 ml), and 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid (78.9 mg, 0.508 mmol, 13 eq.) And tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (6.4 mg, 5 ⁇ mol, 0.1 eq.) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 40 ° C. for 1.5 hours.
- Chloranil (13.1 mg, 0.053 mmol, 1.3 eq.) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes.
- the obtained compound was dissolved in deoxygenated dichloromethane (3 ml), and 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid (80.4 mg, 0.517 mmol, 13 eq.) And tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (5.0 mg, 4 ⁇ mol, 0.1 eq.) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours.
- Chloranil (12.2 mg, 0.050 mmol, 1.2 eq.) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes.
- the blue fraction was collected and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- Trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (20 ⁇ l, 0.112 mmol, 1.2 eq.) was slowly added, and the mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes, and then compound M4 (61.1 mg, 0.144 mmol, 1.6 eq.), Bis (triphenylphosphine) ) Palladium (II) dichloride (13.1 mg, 0.018 mmol, 0.2 eq.) And sodium carbonate (62.3 mg, 0.587 mmol, 6.2 eq.) Were added, and the mixture was stirred at 70 ° C. overnight. After returning to room temperature, water was added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was extracted twice with dichloromethane.
- the obtained organic phase was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure.
- the blue fraction was collected and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- the obtained compound was dissolved in deoxygenated dichloromethane (2 ml), and 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid (145 mg, 0.922 mmol, 20 eq.) And tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (6.0 mg, 5 ⁇ mol, 0.1 eq.) Was added, and the mixture was stirred at 40 ° C. for 1 hour. Chloranil (15.1 mg, 0.061 mmol, 1.3 eq.) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes.
- the obtained compound was dissolved in trifluoroacetic acid (1 ml) and water (200 ⁇ l) and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes.
- Fluorescence assay for glutathione Glutathione was allowed to act on the fluorescent probe 2Me SiR600 (compound 1) synthesized in Example 1 to perform the fluorescence assay.
- Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy were performed using Shimadzu UV-2450 (Shimadzu Corporation) and Hitachi F-7000 (Hitachi Corporation).
- a fluorescent probe concentration was 1 ⁇ M, 0.2 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), and a solution containing 0.1 to 1% DMSO was used.
- An absorption spectrum and a fluorescence spectrum were measured when the concentration of glutathione to be added was changed in the range of 1 ⁇ M to 100 mM.
- the excitation wavelength was 590 nm. The obtained results are shown in FIGS.
- the dissociation constant Kd for glutathione depends on the structure of the fluorescent probe.
- a probe having a Kd of about 100 ⁇ M to 10 mM, which is said to be the concentration of glutathione in the cell is suitable.
- the peak wavelength of fluorescence can be adjusted in the range of 613 to 739 nm, and any quantum yield is high. That is, it was demonstrated that these fluorescent probes are useful for detecting glutathione in cells.
- the absorption and fluorescence wavelength peak values of compound 1 (2-Me SiR600) have good wavelength overlap with existing dyes (fluorescein, rhodamine, etc.). It was suggested that it is suitable for application.
- Example 2 the compounds 11 to 27 synthesized in Example 1 were also assayed under the same conditions. The results are shown in Table 2. The results in Table 2 demonstrated that these fluorescent probes are also useful for detecting glutathione in cells.
- a fluorescent probe concentration was 0.5 ⁇ M, 0.2 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), and a solution containing 0.1% DMSO was used.
- the concentration of glutathione to be added was varied in the range of 1 ⁇ M to 10 mM.
- the excitation wavelength was 550 nm.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 The obtained results are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, respectively. Further, in the fluorescence spectrum of FIG. 6, a plot of the intensity change between the acceptor peak wavelength (615 nm) and the donor peak wavelength (584 nm) is shown in FIG.
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Abstract
Description
(1)以下の式(I)で表される化合物又はその塩を含む、-SH基を含有する化合物の検出用蛍光プローブを提供するものである。
〔式中、
Xは、Si(Ra)(Rb)、Ge(Ra)(Rb)、Sn(Ra)(Rb)、C(Ra)(Rb)、又はOを表し(ここで、Ra及びRbは、それぞれ独立に水素原子、又はアルキル基を表す);
R1は、水素原子、シアノ基、又はそれぞれ置換されていてもよいアルキル基、カルボキシル基、エステル基、アルコキシ基、アミド基、及びアジド基よりなる群から独立に選択される1~4個の同一又は異なる置換基を表し;
R2は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシル基、シアノ基、それぞれ置換されていてもよいアルキル基、アルキニル基、アルコキシ基、アリール、又はヘテロアリールを表し;
R3及びR4は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子又はヒドロキシル基、ハロゲン原子、それぞれ置換されていてもよいアルキル基、スルホ基、カルボキシル基、エステル基、アミド基及びアジド基よりなる群から独立に選択される1~3個の同一又は異なる置換基を表し;
R5、R6、R7及びR8は、それぞれ独立に水素原子又はアルキル基を示し、
ここで、R5又はR6は、それぞれR3と一緒になって、それらが結合する窒素原子を含む環構造を形成してもよく、
R7又はR8は、それぞれR4と一緒になって、それらが結合する窒素原子を含む環構造を形成してもよい。〕
(2)前記-SH基を含有する化合物が、システイン残基を有する化合物である、上記(1)に記載の蛍光プローブ;
(3)前記-SH基を含有する化合物が、グルタチオンである、上記(1)に記載の蛍光プローブ;
(4)Xが、Si(Ra)(Rb)である、上記(1)~(3)のいずれか1に記載の蛍光プローブ;
(5)R2が、水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、シアノ基、それぞれ置換されていてもよいC1-C4アルキル基、C1-C4アルコキシ基、又はフェニル基であり;R5、R6、R7及びR8は、それぞれ独立に水素原子又はメチル基である、
上記(1)~(4)のいずれか1に記載の蛍光プローブ;
(6)R1が、蛍光共鳴エネルギー移動(FRET)のドナーとなる蛍光団を有する、上記(1)~(5)のいずれか1に記載の蛍光プローブ;
(7)R5、R6、R7又はR8が、蛍光共鳴エネルギー移動(FRET)のドナーとなる蛍光団を有する、上記(1)~(5)のいずれか1に記載の蛍光プローブ;及び
(8)前記蛍光団が、キサンテン骨格を有する化合物である、上記(6)又は(7)に記載の蛍光プローブ
を提供するものである。
(9)上記(1)~(8)のいずれか1に記載の蛍光プローブを用いる、-SH基を含有する化合物の検出方法;
(10)前記-SH基を含有する化合物と前記蛍光プローブとの反応による蛍光応答又は吸光度変化を観測することにより、-SH基を含有する化合物の存在を検出することを特徴とする、上記(9)に記載の検出方法;
(11)前記蛍光応答が、蛍光共鳴エネルギー移動(FRET)による蛍光変化である上記(10)に記載の検出方法;
(12)蛍光イメージング手段を用いて前記蛍光応答を可視化することを特徴とする、上記(10)に記載の検出方法;
(13)前記-SH基を含有する化合物が、システイン残基を有する化合物である、上記(9)~(12)のいずれか1に記載の検出方法;及び
(14)前記-SH基を含有する化合物が、グルタチオンである、上記(9)~(12)のいずれか1に記載の検出方法
を提供するものである。
(15)上記(1)~(8)のいずれか1に記載の蛍光プローブを含む、-SH基を含有する化合物の検出用キット;
(16)前記-SH基を含有する化合物が、システイン残基を有する化合物である、上記(15)に記載のキット;及び
(17)前記-SH基を含有する化合物が、グルタチオンである、上記(15)に記載のキット
を提供するものである。
本明細書中において、「ハロゲン原子」とは、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、又はヨウ素原子を意味する。
本発明の蛍光プローブは、式(I)で示されるキサンテン様の縮合環の9位が、以下に示すように、グルタチオン等におけるチオール(SH)基によって求核攻撃されると可視光領域の吸収及び蛍光とも消失するという機構を用いるものである(ここで、グルタチオン等の-SH基を含有する化合物を「R-SH」と示している。)。当該反応は可逆性を有する。これにより、グルタチオン等の-SH基を有する化合物を可逆的、経時的、かつ定量的に検出をすることができるのである。なお、当該「-SH基を含有する化合物」の例としては、ここで挙げたグルタチオンに限らず、広くシステイン残基を有する化合物やペプチドを含むことができ、以下の反応が進行する限り、これらの化合物等についても本発明の蛍光プローブが適用可能である。
本発明の検出方法においては、上記蛍光プローブを含む-SH基含有化合物の検出用キットを用いることが好ましい。当該キットにおいて、通常、本発明の蛍光プローブは溶液として調製されているが、例えば、粉末形態の混合物、凍結乾燥物、顆粒剤、錠剤、液剤など適宜の形態の組成物として提供され、使用時に注射用蒸留水や適宜の緩衝液に溶解して適用することもできる。
以下に示す反応に用いる有機溶媒は、すべて脱水グレードのものを用いた。市販の原料は試薬メーカー(和光純薬株式会社、東京化成工業株式会社、関東化学株式会社、Sigma-Aldrich Co. Ltd., Acros Co. Ltd.)より購入した。
・ポンプ:PU-2080およびPU-2087(日本分光株式会社)
・検出器:MD-2010(日本分光株式会社)
・カラム:Inertsil ODS-3(10 x 250 mm or 20 x 250 mm, GL Science Inc.)
A: 精製水(1%アセトニトリル、0.1% トリフルオロ酢酸を含む)
B: アセトニトリル(1%精製水を含む)
C: 精製水(0.2M 酢酸-トリエチルアミンを含む)
HPLC分離における送液は、それぞれ25 ml/min (ポンプ:PU-2087, カラム:20 x 250 mm)、5 ml/min (ポンプ:PU-2080, カラム:10 x 250 mm)、1 ml/min (ポンプ:PU-2080, カラム:4.6 x 200 mm)にて行った。中圧カラムクロマトグラフィーによる精製は、YFLC-Al580(山善株式会社)を用いて行った。
化合物1(2Me SiR600)の合成
以下のスキーム1に従って、本発明の蛍光プローブである化合物1(2Me SiR600)を合成した。なお、化合物A2の合成については、Kushida K et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 22 (2012) 3908-3911に開示されており、これに基づいて合成を行なった。
スキーム1
以下のスキーム2に従って、本発明の蛍光プローブである化合物2(Ph SiR650)を合成した。なお、化合物 B1の合成については、Y. Koide et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 5029-5031.に開示されており、これに基づいて合成を行なった。
スキーム2
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.58 - 7.56 (m, 3H), 7.36 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 2H), 7.29 - 7.26 (m, 2H), 7.15 (d, J = 9.6 Hz, 2H), 6.77 (dd, J = 9.6 Hz, 2.8 Hz, 2H), 3.34 (s, 12H), 0.60 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 171.1 (C), 155.7 (C), 149.6 (C), 143.3 (CH), 140.6 (C), 130.4 (CH), 129.8 (CH), 129.3 (CH), 129.0 (C), 122.1 (CH), 114.8 (CH), 40.8 (CH3), -1.1 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C25H29N2Si: 385.20945; found: 385.20719 (2.3 mDa, 5.9 ppm).
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.56 (dt, J = 7.4 Hz, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 2H), 7.22-7.16 (m, 3H) 7.15 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (dd, J = 7.4 Hz, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 6.75 (dd, J = 9.6 Hz, 2.8 Hz, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.34 (s, 12H), 0.61 (s, 3H), 0.58 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD) δ 169.5, 158.1, 155.7, 149.4, 142.7, 131.8, 131.4, 129.2, 129.1, 121.8, 121.4, 114.9, 112.3, 56.2, 40.8, -1.0, -1.4 ppm.
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.42-7.38 (m, 1H), 7.32 (d, J = 2.9 Hz, 2H), 7.28 (d, J = 9.6Hz, 2H), 7.03 - 7.01 (m, 2H), 6.98 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 6.77 (dd, J = 9.6 Hz, 2.8 Hz, 2H), 3.34 (s, 12H), 0.62 (s, 3H), 0.58 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD) δ 170.2, 155.8, 155.7, 149.6, 143.0, 131.6, 131.5, 129.3, 127.5, 121.8, 120.3, 116.6, 114.9, 40.8, -0.9, -1.4 ppm.
2-シアノフェニルボロン酸(化合物 D1, 162 mg, 1.10 mmol)を110℃にて6時間減圧乾燥させ、化合物D2(140 mg, 0.367 mmol, 100%)を白色固体として得た。化合物D2は分離精製せず、そのまま次の反応に用いた。
化合物B1 (55.6 mg, 0.171 mmol, 1 eq.)を脱酸素アセトニトリル(10 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、室温にて撹拌した。トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸無水物(40 μl,
0.238 mmol, 1.4 eq.)をゆっくり加え、室温にてさらに15分撹拌した後、化合物D2(82.3 mg, 0.210 mmol, 1.2 eq.)、ビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(II)ジクロリド(23.7 mg, 0.034 mmol, 0.2 eq.)および炭酸ナトリウム(53.2 mg, 0.503 mmol, 3.0eq.)を加え、60℃にて終夜撹拌した。室温に戻し、セライト濾過にて不溶物を除去し、濾液を減圧瑠去し、得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、目的化合物5 (12.4 mg, 13%)を青色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ7.97 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (dt, J = 1.2 Hz, 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (dt, J = 1.2 Hz, 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J = 2.8 Hz,2H), 6.95 (d, J = 9.7 Hz, 2H), 6.81 (dd, J = 9.7 Hz, 2.8 Hz, 2H), 3.37 (s, 12H), 0.64 (s, 3H), 0.60 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 164.8 (C), 155.8 (C), 149.6 (C), 14.4 (C), 141.8 (CH), 134.10 (CH), 134.06 (CH), 131.7 (CH), 130.7 (CH), 128.5 (C), 122.7 (CH), 117.8 (C), 115.5 (CH), 114.4 (C), 41.0 (CH3), -0.8 (CH3), -1.8 (CH3).
アルゴン雰囲気下、4-ブロモ 2-ニトロフェノール(化合物E1, 15.0 g, 68.8 mmol, 1 eq.)、ブロモ酢酸メチル(6.7 ml, 72.2 mmol, 1.05 eq.)および炭酸カリウム(11.4 g, 82.6 mmol, 1.2 eq.)をDMF(70 ml)に溶かし、70oCにて終夜撹拌した。室温に戻し、溶媒を減圧留去したのちに酢酸エチルを加え、水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣を中圧シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーで精製し(溶離液:ノルマルヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 95/5 to 90/10)、目的化合物E2(19.6 g, 98%)を薄黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 8.01 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.52 (dd, J = 2.5 Hz, 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.79 (s, 2H), 3.81 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 168.0(C), 150.5 (C), 140.8 (C), 136.9 (CH), 128.6 (CH), 117.0 (CH), 113.6 (C), 66.6 (CH2), 52.7 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+Na]+ calcd for C9H8BrNNaO5: 311.94781; found: 311.94834 (-0.5 mDa, -1.7 ppm).
化合物E2(13.1 g, 68.8 mmol, 1 eq.)を酢酸(50 ml)に溶かして氷浴し、そこに鉄粉(15.0 g, 271 mmol, 6 eq.)を5回に分けて20分かけて加えた。さらに20分室温にて撹拌し、次いで酢酸(50 ml)を新たに加え、加熱還流にて3時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応系を室温に戻して鉄粉を減圧濾過にて除去し、濾液を減圧留去した。得られた残渣に少量のメタノールを加え、得られた固体を減圧濾過し、濾物を水およびメタノールにて洗浄し、目的化合物E3 (9.02 g, 88%)を薄茶色針状結晶として得た。
1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 10.8 (s, 1H), 7.07 (dd, J = 2.4 Hz, 8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J= 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 4.59 (s, 2H).; 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 164.7 (C), 142.6 (C), 129.1 (C), 125.3 (CH), 118.1 (CH), 118.0 (CH), 113.3 (C), 66.6 (CH2).
アルゴン雰囲気下、化合物E3(1.0 g, 4.4 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(20 ml)に溶かして氷浴し、そこに1M ボラン-THF錯体 THF溶液(7.0 ml, 7.0 mmol, 1.6 eq.)を加え、加熱還流にて終夜撹拌した。反応系を室温に戻し、メタノールを少しずつ加え、溶媒を減圧留去したのち酢酸エチルで希釈し、有機層を水、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣を中圧シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーで精製し(溶離液:ジクロロメタン/メタノール = 98/2)、目的化合物E4 (817 mg, 87%)を無色液体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 6.71 (dd, J = 2.3 Hz, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 6.62 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.20 (t, J = 4.4 Hz, 2H), 3.80 (br s, 1H), 3.38 (t, J = 4.4 Hz, 2H).; 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 143.1 (C), 135.2 (C), 121.2 (CH), 118.1 (CH), 117.7 (CH), 113.2 (C), 65.1 (CH2), 40.6 (CH2).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C8H9BrNO: 213.98620; found: 213.98626 (-0.1 mDa, -0.3 ppm).
アルゴン雰囲気下、化合物E4(1.90 g, 8.88 mmol, 1 eq.)をアセトニトリル(20 ml)に溶かし、そこに炭酸カリウム(1.98 g, 14.3 mmol, 1.6 eq.)およびヨウ化メチル(3.0 ml, 47.5 mmol, 5 eq.)を加え、50oCにて終夜撹拌した。反応系を室温に戻し、溶媒を減圧留去したのちに酢酸エチルで希釈し、不溶物を減圧濾過にて留去し、濾液を減圧除去した。得られた残渣を中圧シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーで精製し(溶離液:ノルマルヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 98/2 to 90/10)、目的化合物E5 (1.77 g, 87%)を薄黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 6.73-6.70 (m, 2H), 6.61 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.25 (t, J = 4.4Hz, 2H), 3.26 (t, J = 4.4 Hz, 2H), 2.86 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 143.3 (C), 137.9 (C), 120.5 (CH), 117.2 (CH), 114.9 (CH), 113.8 (C), 64.8 (CH2), 48.8 (CH2), 38.7 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C9H11BrNO: 228.00185; found: 228.00168 (0.2 mDa, 0.8 ppm).
化合物E5(360 mg, 1.58 mmol, 2 eq.)を酢酸(1 ml)に溶かし、そこに37%ホルムアルデヒド水溶液(320 μl, 3.96 mmol, 5 eq.)を加え、90oCにて40分加熱撹拌した。反応系を室温に戻し、反応液を飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液に少しずつ加えて中和し、次いで酢酸エチルを加えて2回抽出した。得られた有機層を水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣を中圧シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーで精製し(溶離液:ノルマルヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 85/15 to 70/30)、目的化合物E6 (280 mg, 76%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 6.81 (s, 2H), 6.43 (s, 2H), 4.23 (t, J = 4.4 Hz, 4H), 3.88 (s, 2H), 3.21 (t, J = 4.4 Hz, 4H), 2.84 (s, 6H).; 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 143.7 (C), 136.2 (C), 128.7 (C), 117.7 (CH), 115.9 (CH), 115.7 (C), 65.0 (CH2), 48.9 (CH2), 40.3 (CH2), 38.8 (CH3).
アルゴン雰囲気下、化合物E6(253 mg, 540 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(20 ml)に溶かし、-78oCにて10分間撹拌した。そこに1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(1.2 ml, 1.32 mmol, 2.4 eq.)をゆっくり加え、30分間撹拌した。次いでジクロロジメチルシラン(80 μl, 0.651 mmol, 1.2 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に希釈して加えて徐々に室温に戻し、2時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、THFを減圧留去した。得られた水層を酢酸エチルで抽出し、次いで有機相を水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣を中圧シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーで精製し(溶離液:ノルマルヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 95/5 to 80/20)、目的化合物E7 (123 mg, 62%)を薄黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 6.85 (s, 2H), 6.72 (s, 2H), 4.29 (t, J = 4.4 Hz, 4H), 3.86 (s, 2H), 3.21 (t, J = 4.4 Hz, 4H), 2.89 (s, 6H), 0.41 (s, 6H).; 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 145.3 (C), 137.3 (C), 134.7 (C), 127.3 (C), 117.3 (CH), 115.8 (CH), 65.2 (CH2), 49.7 (CH2), 39.39 (CH2), 39.2 (CH3), -2.0 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C21H27N2O2Si: 367.18363; found: 367.18354 (0.1 mDa, 0.3 ppm).
化合物E7(75.0 mg, 0.205 mmol, 1 eq.)をアセトン(2 ml)に溶かし、-15oCにて10分間撹拌した。そこに過マンガン酸カリウム(70.0 mg, 0.443 mmol, 2.0 eq.)を2回に分けて10分おきに加え、反応の終了をTLCにて確認した。反応系をセライト濾過し、ジクロロメタンにて洗浄し、濾液を減圧留去した。得られた残渣を中圧シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーで精製し(溶離液:ジクロロメタン/酢酸エチル = 95/5)、目的化合物E8 (49.5mg, 64%)を黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 7.88 (s, 2H), 6.72 (s, 2H), 4.27 (t, J = 4.5 Hz, 4H), 3.39 (t, J = 4.5 Hz, 4H), 3.03 (s, 6H), 0.42 (s, 6H).; 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 184.8 (C), 145.2 (C), 139.5 (C), 133.0 (C), 131.9 (C), 117.0 (CH), 114.4 (CH), 64.3 (CH2), 49.0 (CH2), 38.4 (CH3), -0.7 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C21H25N2O3Si: 380.16290; found: 381.16209 (0.8 mDa, 2.1 ppm).
2-ブロモアニソール(化合物E9, 40 μl, 0.318 mmol, 11 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した。1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(250 μl, 0.250 mmol, 8.6 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物E8(11.0 mg, 0.029 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かして加え、徐々に室温に戻しながら2時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで3回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、目的化合物6(13.4 mg, 79%)を青緑色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3CN): δ 7.55 (ddd, J = 8.4 Hz, 7.4 Hz, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (s, 2H), 7.17 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (dt, J = 7.4 Hz, 0.9 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (dd, J = 7.4 Hz, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 6.44 (s, 2H), 4.13 (m, 4H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.64 (t, J = 4.6 Hz, 4H),3.30 (s, 6H), 0.55 (s, 3H), 0.53 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3CN): δ 167.9 (C), 157.3(C), 145.5 (C), 144.64 (C), 144.56 (C), 131.6 (CH), 130.9 (CH), 130.4 (C), 128.9 (C), 123.6 (CH), 121.3 (CH), 121.0 (CH), 112.4 (CH), 64.0 (CH2), 56.4 (CH3), 50.4 (CH2), 39.6 (CH3), -1.0 (CH3), -1.2 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C28H31N2O3Si: 471.20985; found: 471.20890 (0.9 mDa, 2.0 ppm).
1H NMR (CD3CN): δ 7.40 (m, 1H), 7.21 (s, 2H), 7.07-7.02 (m, 3H), 6.51 (s, 2H), 4.14 (m, 4H), 3.64 (t, J = 4.6 Hz, 4H), 3.30 (s, 6H), 0.55 (s, 3H), 0.52 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 169.9 (C), 155.5 (C), 145.8 (C), 145.5 (C), 145.1 (C), 131.5 (CH), 131.32 (CH), 131.20 (C), 127.8 (C), 124.9 (CH), 120.7 (CH), 120.3 (CH), 116.7 (CH), 64.3 (CH2), 50.7 (CH2), 39.0 (CH3), -1.0 (CH3), -1.4 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C27H29N2O3Si: 457.19420; found: 457.19403 (0.2 mDa, 0.4 ppm).
以下のスキーム8に従って、本発明の蛍光プローブである化合物8(2Me SiR600 - TMR)を合成した。なお、化合物F1、F5の合成については、それぞれAlfons Smeets et al. Macromolecules, 2011, 44, 6017-6025、Karine Caron et al. Org. Biomol. Chem., 2011, 9, 185-197に開示されており、これらに基づいて合成を行なった。
スキーム8
4-ブロモ-3-メチル tert-ブチル安息香酸(化合物F1 54.2 mg, 0.2 mmol, 10 eq) をTHF(5ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した。1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液( 0.2 ml,0.2 mmol,10 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物A1(8.6 mg, 0.02 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(3 ml)に溶かして加え、-78 oCで1時間、室温で2時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、化合物F2(5.1 mg,42.2 %)を青色固体として得た。ついで化合物F2(29.3 mg, 0.049 mmol, 1 eq.)をメタノール(10 ml)に溶かし氷浴し、次いで水素化ホウ素ナトリウムを徐々に加え、濃青色の溶液が無色になったところで水を加えて反応を終了させた。そこにジクロロメタンを加えて抽出し、有機相を水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した後、溶媒を減圧留去し、真空乾燥した。得られた残渣をアルゴン雰囲気下にて脱酸素ジクロロメタン(7 ml)に溶かし、これを1,3-ジメチルバルビツール酸(187.4 mg, 1.20 mmol, 24 eq.)およびテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(40.1 mg, 0.034 mmol, 0.7 eq.)を含むに試験管に加え、アルゴン雰囲気下、35℃にて60 分間撹拌した。さらにクロラニル(14.3 mg, 0.058 mmol, 1.2 eq.)を加えて室温にて60 分間撹拌し、濃青色の反応液をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ジクロロメタン/メタノール = 100/0 to 80/20)にて分離し、青色のフラクションを回収して溶媒を減圧留去した。残渣をジクロロメタン(5 ml)に溶かし、トリフルオロ酢酸(5 ml)を加え室温で2 時間撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去したのち、HPLCにて精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、目的化合物F3 (8.5 mg, 45 %)を青緑色固体として得た。
1H NMR (MeOD): δ 8.06-8.02 (m, 2H), 7.26 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 2H), 6.97 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 2H), 6.58 (dd, J = 2.4 Hz, 9.3 Hz, 2H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 0.56 (s, 3H), 0.54 (s, 3H). ; 13C NMR (MeOD) δ 170.2, 169.2, 158.6, 150.4, 144.8, 143.5, 137.6, 132.6, 132.5, 130.5, 128.1, 127.9, 124.6, 117.1, 19.4, -1.5, -1.7 ppm. HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C23H23N2O2Si: 387.15233; found: 387.15225 (0.1 mDa, 0.2 ppm).
5-carboxyl TMR (化合物F4, 5.0 mg, 0.012 mmol,1 eq)をDMF(2 ml)に溶かしN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(4.5 mg,0.036 mmol,3 eq)およびN,N,N’,N’-テトラメチル-O-(N-スクシンイミジル)ウロニウムテトラフルオロボラート(TSTU)(5.25 mg,0.018 mmol,1.5 eq)を加え、撹拌した後、トランス-N-Boc-1,4-シクロヘキサンジアミン(化合物F5, 3.8 mg, 0.018 mmol,1.5 eq)を加え、アルゴン雰囲気下に室温で1時間撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、真空乾燥したのち残渣をジクロロメタン(5 ml)に溶かし、トリフルオロ酢酸(5 ml)を加え室温にて2時間撹拌した。溶媒を減圧除去し、得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 40 min)、化合物F6 (4.5 mg,71.0 %)を暗赤色固体として得た。
1H NMR (MeOD): δ 8.76 (d, J = 1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.26 (dd, J = 1.8 Hz, 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 2H), 7.06 (dd, J = 2.4 Hz, 9.5 Hz,2H), 7.00 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 2H), 3.99-3.98 (m, 1H), 3.31 (s, 12H), 3.18-3.13 (m,1H), 2.18-2.16 (m, 4H), 1.65-1.55 (m, 4H). HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C31H35N4O4: 527.26528; found: 527.26265 (2.6 mDa, 5.0 ppm).
化合物F6 (0.45 mg,0.0011 mmol, 1.5 eq)をDMSO(0.3 ml)に溶かしN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(0.12 mg,0.0009 mmol,1.2 eq)およびN,N,N’,N’-テトラメチル-O-(N-スクシンイミジル)ウロニウムテトラフルオロボラート(TSTU)(0.3 mg,0.0009 mmol,1.2 eq)を加え、撹拌した後、化合物F3(0.4 mg,0.00076 mmol, 1eq)を加え、アルゴン雰囲気下に室温で24時間撹拌した。反応溶液をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 40 min)、化合物8(0.24 mg,35.2 %)を紫色固体として得た。
HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C54H55N6O5Si: 895.39977; found: 895.39688 (2.9 mDa, 3.2 ppm).
化合物F6 (3.0 mg,0.006 mmol,1 eq)をメタノール(5 ml)に溶かし、濃硫酸を1滴加え、加熱還流にて終夜撹拌した。反応系を室温に戻し、溶媒を減圧留去した。得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 40 min)、化合物G1 (2.8 mg,86.2 %)を暗赤色固体として得た。
HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C32H37N4O4: 541.28093; found: 541.28234 (-1.4 mDa, -2.6 ppm).
化合物G1 (0.23 mg, 0.0006 mmol,1.1 eq)をDMSO(0.3 ml)に溶かしN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(0.107 mg,0.00082 mmol,1.5 eq)およびN,N,N’,N’-テトラメチル-O-(N-スクシンイミジル)ウロニウムテトラフルオロボラート(TSTU)(0.25 mg,0.00082 mmol,1.5eq)を加え、撹拌した後、DMSO(0.2ml)に溶かした化合物6(0.3 mg,0.00055 mmol, 1eq)を加え、アルゴン雰囲気下に室温で24時間撹拌した。反応溶液をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 40 min)、化合物9 (0.3 mg,55.3 %)を紫色固体として得た。
HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+2H]2+ calcd for C55H58N6O5Si: 455.21135; found: 455.21238 (-1.0 mDa, -2.3 ppm).
化合物F3 (3.1 mg, 0.008 mmol,1 eq)をDMF(2 ml)に溶かしN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(1.55 mg,0.024 mmol,3 eq)およびN,N,N’,N’-テトラメチル-O-(N-スクシンイミジル)ウロニウムテトラフルオロボラート(TSTU)(3.6 mg,0.012 mmol,1.5 eq)を加え、
撹拌した後、トランス-N-Boc-1,4-シクロヘキサンジアミン(2.6 mg,0.012 mmol,1.5 eq)を加え、アルゴン雰囲気下に室温で1時間撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、真空乾燥したのち残渣をジクロロメタン(2 ml)に溶かし、トリフルオロ酢酸(2 ml)を加え室温にて2時間撹拌した。飽和重曹水を加えて溶液を中和した後これを減圧除去し真空乾燥した。得られた残渣をメタノールで溶解し、塩をろ過したのちろ液を減圧除去し、これをHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 40 min)、化合物H1(2.9 mg,74 %)を青紫色固体として得た。
1H NMR (MeOD): δ 8.48 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.85-7.80 (m, 2H), 7.24 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 2H), 6.97 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 2H), 6.57 (dd, J = 2.4 Hz, 9.3Hz, 2H), 2.16-2.14 (m, 4H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 1.60-1.55 (m, 4H), 0.55 (s, 3H), 0.54 (s, 3H).
HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C29H35N4OSi: 483.25746; found: 483.25559 (1.9 mDa, 3.9 ppm).
化合物H1 (0.45 mg,0.0009 mmol,1 eq)をDMSO(0.3 ml)に溶かしN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(0.22 mg,0.0016 mmol,1.8 eq)およびN,N,N’,N’-テトラメチル-O-(N-スクシンイミジル)ウロニウムテトラフルオロボラート(TSTU)(0.56 mg,0.0018 mmol,2 eq)を加え、撹拌した後、5-カルボキシ-フルオレセインジアセタート (化合物H2、0.64 mg,0.0014 mmol,1.5 eq)を加え、アルゴン雰囲気下に室温で24時間撹拌した。反応溶液をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 40 min)、化合物10 (0.1 mg, 12 %)を紫色固体として得た。
MS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C54H49N4O9Si: 925.32633; found: 925.32230 (4.0 mDa, 4.4 ppm).
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.53 - 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.51 (dt, J = 1.4 Hz, 7.3 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 2H), 7.08 (dd, J = 7.5 Hz, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 2H), 6.56 (dd, J = 9.3 Hz, 2.5 Hz, 2H), 2.37 (q, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 1.04 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H), 0.55 (s, 3H), 0.53 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 172.0 (C), 158.5 (C), 150.4 (C), 144.2 (CH), 142.9 (C), 139.4 (C), 130.27 (CH), 130.16 (CH), 129.7 (CH), 128.9 (C), 126.6 (CH), 124.4 (CH), 116.7 (CH), 27.1 (CH2), 15.2 (CH3), -1.4 (CH3), -1.9 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C23H25N2Si: 357.17815; found: 357.17900 (-0.8 mDa, -2.4 ppm).
同様に上記スキーム11に従って合成を行い、目的化合物12(16.7 mg, 74%)を青色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.56 - 7.54 (m, 2H), 7.36 - 7.32 (m, 1H), 7.19 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 2H), 7.08 - 7.07 (m, 1H), 7.06 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 2H), 6.57 (dd, J = 9.3 Hz, 2.5 Hz, 2H), 2.62 (sept, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H), 1.08 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 6H), 0.548 (s, 3H), 0.540 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 172.2 (C), 158.5 (C), 150.3 (C), 147.7 (C), 144.2 (CH), 138.6 (C), 130.5 (CH), 129.9 (CH), 129.1 (C), 127.1 (CH), 126.6 (CH), 124.4 (CH), 116.5 (CH), 32.3 (CH3), 24.2 (CH3), -1.5 (CH3), -1.7 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C24H27N2Si: 371.19380; found: 371.19394 (-0.1 mDa, -0.4 ppm).
N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(4.5 ml, 58.4 mmol, 4.4 eq.)を1,2-ジクロロエタン(10 ml)に溶かし、氷浴下にて撹拌した。次いで塩化ホスホリル(2.5 ml, 26.7 mmol, 2 eq.)を加え、さらに15分間撹拌した。化合物J1(3.35 g, 13.3 mmol, 1 eq.)を1,2-ジクロロエタン(10 ml)に溶かし、反応溶液に加え、3時間加熱還流した。室温まで冷却後、氷浴下にて1N 水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を加え、酢酸エチル/ジエチルエーテル混合溶媒にて2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物をジクロロメタン/メタノール混合溶媒(10 ml/10 ml)に溶かし、氷浴下にて撹拌した。水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(785 mg, 20.0 mmol, 1.5 eq.)を加え、室温にて30分撹拌した。水を加えて反応を停止させ、酢酸エチルにて抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 90/10 to 70/30)にて分離精製し、化合物J3 (3.13 g, 84%)を無色透明の液体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 7.20 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (dd, J = 8.5 Hz, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 5.82 (ddt, J = 15.2 Hz, 10.4 Hz, 4.8 Hz, 2H), 5.19 - 5.13 (m, 4H), 4.62 (s, 2H), 3.90 - 3.89 (m, 4H), 1.86 (s, 1H).; 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 149.5 (C), 133.2 (CH), 130.6 (CH), 127.1 (C), 124.6 (C), 116.5 (CH2), 116.0 (CH), 111.5 (CH), 65.2 (CH2), 52.9 (CH2).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+Na]+ calcd for C13H16NBrNNaO: 304.03075; found: 304.03036 (0.4 mDa, 1.3 ppm).
化合物J4(5.00 g, 26.9 mmol, 1 eq.)をテトラヒドロフラン(50 ml)に溶かし、次いで炭酸ナトリウム(7.85 g, 56.9 mmol, 2.1 eq.)および臭化アリル(3.5 ml, 40.3 mmol, 1.5 eq.)を加えて終夜加熱還流し、さらに臭化アリル(3.5 ml, 40.3 mmol, 1.5 eq.)を加えて2日間加熱還流した。空冷後、反応液を濾別して濾液を濃縮し、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 100/0 to 90/10)にて分離精製し、化合物J5 (5.53 g, 72%)を無色透明の液体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 7.05 (t, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 6.83 - 6.79 (m, 2H), 6.61 (dd, J = 8.4 Hz, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 5.81 (ddt, J = 17.0 Hz, 10.4 Hz, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 5.16 (dq, J = 10.4 Hz, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 5.14 (dq, J = 17.0 Hz, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 3.90 (dt, J = 4.9 Hz, 1.6 Hz, 2H), 2.93 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 150.7 (C), 133.1 (CH), 130.4 (CH), 123.5 (C), 119.1 (CH), 116.5 (CH2), 115.1 (CH), 111.0 (CH), 55.1 (CH2), 38.2 (CH2).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C10H13NBrN: 226.02259; found: 226.02478 (-2.2 mDa, -9.7 ppm).
化合物J3(1.00 g, 3.54 mmol, 1 eq.)および化合物J5(0.800 g, 3.54 mmol, 1 eq.)をジクロロメタン(20 ml)に溶かし、氷浴下にて撹拌した。三フッ化ホウ素ジエチルエーテル錯体(650 μl, 5.46 mmol, 1.5 eq.)を加え、反応液を終夜加熱還流した。空冷後、飽和炭酸ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンにて抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 85/15 to 70/30)にて分離精製し、化合物J6 (1.58 g, 91%)を無色透明の液体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 6.92 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H), 6.56 (dd, J = 8.6 Hz, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 6.54 (dd, J = 8.6 Hz, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 5.87 - 5.76 (m, 3H), 5.19 - 5.12 (m, 6H), 3.70 (s, 2H), 3.88 - 3.87 (m, 6H), 2.90 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 149.1 (C), 148.3 (C), 133.7 (CH), 133.5 (CH), 130.99 (CH), 130.89 (CH), 127.10 (C), 127.07 (C), 125.78 (C), 125.68 (C), 116.52 (CH2), 116.41 (CH2), 116.20 (CH), 116.13 (CH), 111.87 (CH), 111.79 (CH), 55.3 (CH2), 52.9 (CH2), 39.9 (CH2), 38.2 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C23H27Br2N2: 489.05355; found: 489.05309 (0.5 mDa, 0.9 ppm).
アルゴン雰囲気下、化合物J6(765 mg, 1.56 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(20 ml)に溶かし、-78oCにて10分間撹拌した。そこに1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(3.5 ml, 3.5 mmol, 2.2 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。次いでジクロロジメチルシラン(250 μl, 2.05 mmol, 1.3 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に希釈して加えて徐々に室温に戻し、2.5時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、THFを減圧留去した。得られた水層を酢酸エチルで抽出し、次いで有機相を水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣を中圧シリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ノルマルヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 100/0 to 90/10)で精製した。得られた化合物をアセトン(15 ml)に溶かし、-15oCにて10分間撹拌した。そこに過マンガン酸カリウム(400 mg, 2.53 mmol, 1.6 eq.)を4回に分けて10分おきに加え、反応の終了をTLCにて確認した。反応系をセライト濾過し、ジクロロメタンにて洗浄し、濾液を減圧留去した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーで精製し(溶離液:ヘキサン/ジクロロメタン = 40/60 to 0/100)、目的化合物J8 (78.1 mg, 12%)を黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 8.39 - 8.35 (m, 2H), 6.85 - 6.80 (m, 4H), 5.93 - 5.82 (m, 3H), 5.23 - 5.16 (m, 6H), 4.04 - 4.02 (m, 6H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 0.44 (s, 6H).; 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 185.1 (C), 150.7 (C), 150.2 (C), 140.52 (C), 140.47 (C), 133.1 (CH), 132.8 (CH), 131.70 (CH), 131.67 (CH), 130.0 (C), 129,8 (C), 116.6 (CH2), 114.8 (CH), 114.5 (CH), 113.5 (CH), 113.3 (CH), 54.7 (CH2), 52.7 (CH2), 38.1 (CH3), -1.1 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C25H31N2OSi: 403.22002; found: 403.21907 (0.9 mDa, 2.3 ppm).
2-ブロモトルエン(化合物A1, 50 μl, 0.417 mmol, 12 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した。1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(200 μl, 0.200 mmol, 5.7 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物J8 (14 mg, 0.035 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かして加え、-78 oCで1時間、室温で2時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物をメタノール(3 ml)に溶かし、水素化ホウ素ナトリウムを溶液の色が淡黄色になるまで加えた。水を加えて反応を停止し、酢酸エチルで抽出し、得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物を脱酸素したジクロロメタン(3 ml)に溶かし、1,3-ジメチルバルビツール酸(108 mg, 0.697 mmol, 20 eq.)およびテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(4.5 mg, 4 μmol, 0.1 eq.)を加え、40oCにて4時間撹拌した。クロラニル(11.0 mg, 0.045 mmol, 1.2 eq.)を加えて室温にて10分撹拌し、濃青紫色の反応液をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ジクロロメタン/メタノール = 100/0 to 60/40)にて分離し、青紫色のフラクションを回収して溶媒を減圧留去した。得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、目的化合物13 (5.9 mg, 36%)を青紫色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.48 - 7.35 (m, 3H), 7.20 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.12 - 6.80 (m, 2H), 7.00 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (dd, J = 9.3 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.56 (dd, J = 9.3 Hz, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 3.06 (s, 3H), 2.04 (s, 3H), 0.56 (s, 3H), 0.54 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 171.6 (C), 158.3 (C), 157.5 (C), 150.1 (C), 143.5 (CH), 140.1 (C), 136.9 (C), 131.3 (CH), 130.10 (CH), 130.04 (CH), 128.63 (C), 128.57 (C), 126.8 (CH), 124.2 (CH), 116.8 (CH), 30.0 (CH3), 19.4 (CH3), -1.4 (CH3), -1.6 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C23H25N2Si: 357.17815; found: 357.17925 (-1.1 mDa, -3.1 ppm).
2-ブロモアニソール(化合物C1, 50 μl, 0.408 mmol, 16 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した。1.1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(200 μl, 0.220 mmol, 9 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物J8 (10 mg, 0.025 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かして加え、-78 oCで1時間、室温で2時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物をメタノール(2 ml)に溶かし、水素化ホウ素ナトリウムを溶液の色が淡黄色になるまで加えた。水を加えて反応を停止し、酢酸エチルで抽出し、得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物を脱酸素したジクロロメタン(2 ml)に溶かし、1,3-ジメチルバルビツール酸(78.0 mg, 0.500 mmol, 20 eq.)およびテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(2.0 mg, 2 μmol, 0.1 eq.)を加え、室温にて終夜撹拌した。クロラニル(10.1 mg, 0.042 mmol, 1.7 eq.)を加えて室温にて10分撹拌し、濃青紫色の反応液をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ジクロロメタン/メタノール = 100/0 to 60/40)にて分離し、青紫色のフラクションを回収して溶媒を減圧留去した。得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、目的化合物14 (4.5 mg, 37%)を青紫色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.56 (ddd, J = 8.5 Hz, 7.4 Hz, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.17 - 7.07 (m, 6H), 6.59 (dd, J = 9.3 Hz, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.54 (dd, J = 9.3 Hz, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 3.05 (s, 3H), 0.55 (s, 3H), 0.52 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 170.1 (C), 158.16 (C), 158.06 (C), 157.4 (C), 149.9 (C), 143.8 (CH), 131.7 (CH), 131.4 (CH), 129.22 (C), 129.17 (C), 129.13 (C), 123.9 (CH), 121.4 (CH), 116.5 (CH), 112.3 (CH), 56.2 (CH3), 30.0 (CH3), -1.3 (CH3), -1.7 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C23H25N2OSi: 373.17307; found: 373.17276 (0.3 mDa, 0.8 ppm).
1-ブロモ-2-(メトキシメトキシ)ベンゼン(化合物J11, 86 mg, 0.398 mmol, 16 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した。1.1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(200 μl, 0.220 mmol, 9 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物J8 (10 mg, 0.025 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かして加え、-78 oCで1時間、室温で2時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物をメタノール(2 ml)に溶かし、水素化ホウ素ナトリウムを溶液の色が淡黄色になるまで加えた。水を加えて反応を停止し、酢酸エチルで抽出し、得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物を脱酸素したジクロロメタン(2 ml)に溶かし、1,3-ジメチルバルビツール酸(72.8 mg, 0.468 mmol, 19 eq.)およびテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(3.5 mg, 2 μmol, 0.1 eq.)を加え、室温にて終夜撹拌した。クロラニル(11.3 mg, 0.046 mmol, 1.8 eq.)を加えて室温にて10分撹拌し、濃青紫色の反応液をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ジクロロメタン/メタノール = 100/0 to 60/40)にて分離し、青紫色のフラクションを回収して溶媒を減圧留去した。得られた化合物をトリフルオロ酢酸(2 ml)および水(200 μl)に溶かし、室温にて1時間撹拌した。溶媒を濃縮後、得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、目的化合物15 (0.5 mg, 4%)を青紫色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.42 - 7.37 (m, 1H), 7.27 (br s, 1H), 7.18 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.15 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.04 - 7.02 (m, 2H), 6.98 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 6.61 (dd, J = 9.6 Hz, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.56 (dd, J = 9.3 Hz, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 3.06 (s, 3H), 2.04 (s, 3H), 0.56 (s, 3H), 0.52 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 170.1 (C), 158.2 (C), 157.4 (C), 155.6 (C), 144.0 (C), 131.51 (CH), 131.44 (CH), 129.35 (C), 129.30 (C), 127.5 (C), 123.9 (CH), 120.3 (CH), 116.6 (CH), 116.5 (CH), 30.0 (CH3), -1.2 (CH3), -1.7 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C22H23N2OSi: 359.15742; found: 359.15767 (-0.3 mDa, -0.7 ppm).
化合物J5(3.00 g, 13.3 mmol, 1 eq.)を酢酸(12 ml)に溶かし、そこに37%ホルムアルデヒド水溶液(1.81 g, 66.3 mmol, 5 eq.)を加え、80oCにて1時間加熱撹拌した。反応系を室温に戻し、溶媒を減圧留去し、そこに飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液に少しずつ加えて中和し、次いでジクロロメタンを加えて3回抽出した。得られた有機層を水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣を中圧シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーで精製し(溶離液:ノルマルヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 100/0 to 80/20)、目的化合物K1 (1.85 g, 60%)を淡黄色液体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 2.92 (s, 6H), 3.89 (d, 4H, J = 5.0 Hz), 4.01 (s, 2H,), 5.15-5.19 (m, 4H), 5.83 (ddt, 2H, J = 5.0, 9.8, 17.6 Hz), 6.59 (dd, 2H, J = 2.7, 8.6 Hz), 6.86 (d, 2H, J = 8.6 Hz), 6.95 (d, 2H, J = 2.7 Hz)。; 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ 38.1, 39.9, 55.2, 111.8, 116.1, 116.5, 125.7, 127.0, 130.9, 133.4, 149.0; HRMS-ESI: Calcd for [M+H]+, 463.03790, Found, 463.03830 (+0.4 mDa).
アルゴン雰囲気下、化合物K1(1.01 g, 2.18 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(60 ml)に溶かし、-78oCにて10分間撹拌した。そこに1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(6.53 ml, 6.53 mmol, 3 eq.)をゆっくり加え、20分間撹拌した。次いでジクロロジメチルシラン(400 μl, 4.35 mmol, 2 eq.)をTHF(10 ml)に希釈して加えて徐々に室温に戻し、2時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、THFを減圧留去した。得られた水層を酢酸エチルで抽出し、次いで有機相を水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣を中圧シリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ノルマルヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 100/0 to 88/12)で精製した。得られた化合物をアセトン(20 ml)に溶かし、0oCにて10分間撹拌した。そこに過マンガン酸カリウム(1.00 g, 6.10 mmol, 2.8 eq.)を4回に分けて10分おきに加え、反応の終了をTLCにて確認した。反応系をセライト濾過し、ジクロロメタンにて洗浄し、濾液を減圧留去した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーで精製し(溶離液:ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 80/20 to 60/40)、目的化合物K3 (93.9 mg, 11%)を黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 0.44 (m, 6H), 3.08 (s, 6H), 4.03-4.04 (m, 4H), 5.16-5.21 (m, 4H), 5.86 (ddt, 2H, J = 4.9, 10.5, 16.9 Hz), 6.79 (d, 2H, J = 2.8 Hz), 6.83 (dd, 2H, J = 2.8, 9.0 Hz), 8.37 (d, 2H, J = 9.0 Hz); 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ -0.95, 38.1, 54.8, 113.4, 114.6, 116.7, 130.0, 131.8, 132.9, 140.6, 150.8, 185.3; HRMS-ESI: Calcd for [M+H]+, 377.20437, Found, 377.20544 (+1.1 mDa).
2-ブロモアニソール(化合物J9, 50 μl, 0.408 mmol, 16 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した。1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(200 μl, 0.200 mmol, 5.7 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物K3 (15 mg, 0.040 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かして加え、-78 oCで1時間、室温で2時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物をメタノール(2 ml)に溶かし、水素化ホウ素ナトリウムを溶液の色が淡黄色になるまで加えた。水を加えて反応を停止し、酢酸エチルで抽出し、得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物を脱酸素したジクロロメタン(3 ml)に溶かし、1,3-ジメチルバルビツール酸(78.9 mg, 0.508 mmol, 13 eq.)およびテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(6.4 mg, 5 μmol, 0.1 eq.)を加え、40oCにて1.5時間撹拌した。クロラニル(13.1 mg, 0.053 mmol, 1.3 eq.)を加えて室温にて10分撹拌し、濃青色の反応液をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ジクロロメタン/メタノール = 100/0 to 60/40)にて分離し、青色のフラクションを回収して溶媒を減圧留去した。得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、目的化合物16 (12.5 mg, 63%)を青色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.55 (dt, J = 1.5 Hz, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.22 - 7.07 (m, 5H), 7.16 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 2H), 6.58 (dd, J = 9.4 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 2H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.05 (s, 6H), 0.56 (s, 3H), 0.53 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 169.7 (C), 158.1 (C), 157.2 (C), 143.7 (C), 131.7 (CH), 131.4 (CH), 129.26 (C), 129.16 (C), 121.4 (CH), 112.3 (CH), 56.2 (CH3), 29.9 (CH3), -1.2 (CH3), -1.6 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C24H27N2OSi: 387.18872; found: 387.18804 (0.7 mDa, 1.7 ppm).
1-ブロモ-2-(メトキシメトキシ)ベンゼン(化合物J10, 100 mg, 0.462 mmol, 12 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した。1.1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(250 μl, 0.275 mmol, 7 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物K3 (15 mg, 0.040 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かして加え、-78 oCで1時間、室温で2時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物をメタノール(2 ml)に溶かし、水素化ホウ素ナトリウムを溶液の色が淡黄色になるまで加えた。水を加えて反応を停止し、酢酸エチルで抽出し、得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物を脱酸素したジクロロメタン(3 ml)に溶かし、1,3-ジメチルバルビツール酸(80.4 mg, 0.517 mmol, 13 eq.)およびテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(5.0 mg, 4 μmol, 0.1 eq.)を加え、室温にて1.5時間撹拌した。クロラニル(12.2 mg, 0.050 mmol, 1.2 eq.)を加えて室温にて10分撹拌し、濃青色の反応液をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ジクロロメタン/メタノール = 100/0 to 60/40)にて分離し、青色のフラクションを回収して溶媒を減圧留去した。得られた化合物をトリフルオロ酢酸(2 ml)および水(200 μl)に溶かし、室温にて1時間撹拌した。溶媒を濃縮後、得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、目的化合物17 (12.7 mg, 66%)を青色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.40 - 7.37 (m, 1H), 7.25 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.16 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 2H), 7.02 - 6.98 (m, 3H), 6.59 (dd, J = 9.4 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 2H), 3.04 (s, 6H), 0.56 (s, 3H), 0.53 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 170.3 (C), 157.2 (C), 155.6 (C), 131.52 (CH), 131.39 (CH), 129.4 (C), 127.5 (C), 120.2 (CH), 116.6 (CH), 29.9 (CH3), -1.1 (CH3), -1.6 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C23H25N2OSi: 373.17307; found: 373.17252 (0.5 mDa, 1.5 ppm).
1-ブロモ-2-フルオロベンゼン(化合物L1, 100 μl, 0.925 mmol, 15 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した。1.9 M フェニルリチウム ジブチルエーテル溶液(200 μl, 0.380 mmol, 6.1 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物B1 (20 mg, 0.062 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かして加え、-78 oCで10分間、室温で4時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、目的化合物18 (23.8 mg, 75%)を青色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.66 - 7.60 (m, 1H), 7.40 (dt, J = 7.5 Hz (t), 4JH-F = 1.0 Hz (d), 1H), 7.37 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 2H), 7.33 (ddd, J = 8.3 Hz, 0.8 Hz, 4JH-F = 8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (ddd, J = 7.4 Hz, 1.7 Hz, 3JH-F = 9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.15 (dd, J = 9.6 Hz, 6JH-F = 0.9 Hz, 2H), 6.80 (dd, J = 9.6 Hz, 2.9 Hz, 2H), 3.36 (s, 12H), 0.614 (s, 3H), 0.602 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 164.0 (C), 160.7 (d, 1JC-F = 245 Hz, C), 155.8 (C), 149.4 (C), 142.2 (CH), 132.53 (d, 4JC-F = 2.5 Hz, CH), 132.48 (d, 3JC-F = 2.9 Hz, CH), 128.8 (C), 127.8 (d, 2JC-F = 17.0 Hz, C), 125.5 (d, 3JC-F = 3.6 Hz, CH), 122.4 (CH), 116.8 (d, 2JC-F = 21.7 Hz, CH), 115.3 (CH), 40.9 (CH3), -1.10 (CH3), -1.22 (CH3).; 19F{1H} NMR (CD3OD): δ -114.1.; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C25H28FN2Si: 403.20003; found: 403.20007 (0.0 mDa, -0.1 ppm).
化合物L2(100 μl, 0.470 mmol, 5 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した1.1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(400 μl, 0.440 mmol, 4.8 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物B1 (30 mg, 0.092 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かして加え、-78 oCで1時間、室温で1時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、化合物19 (4.3 mg, 9%) および化合物20 (48.1 mg, 87%) をそれぞれ青色固体として得た。
化合物19: 1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.70 - 7.68 (m, 1H), 7.61 - 7.55 (m, 2H), 7.35 (d, J = 2.9 Hz, 2H), 7.30 - 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.05 (d, J = 9.6 Hz, 2H), 6.77 (dd, J = 9.6 Hz, 2.9 Hz, 2H), 3.40 (s, 1H), 3.35 (s, 12H), 0.63 (s, 3H), 0.57 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 169.3 (C), 155.7 (C), 149.6 (C), 143.5 (C), 142.5 (CH), 133.9 (CH), 130.6 (CH), 129.9 (CH), 129.6 (CH), 128.9 (C), 123.6 (C), 122.1 (CH), 115.1 (CH), 83.4 (CH), 82.0 (C), 40.9 (CH3), -0.8 (CH3), -1,7 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C27H29N2Si: 409.20945; found: 409.20922 (0.2 mDa, 0.6 ppm).
化合物20: 1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.63 - 7.61 (m, 1H), 7.57 - 7.54 (m, 2H), 7.37 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 2H), 7.30 - 7.27 (m, 1H), 7.07 (d, J = 9.6 Hz, 2H), 6.78 (dd, J = 9.6 Hz, 2.8 Hz, 2H), 3.35 (s, 12H), 0.620 (s, 3H), 0.604 (s, 3H), -0.12 (s, 9H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 169.6 (C), 155.7 (C), 149.5 (C), 143.6 (C), 142.7 (CH), 133.1 (CH), 130.6 (CH), 130.0 (CH), 129.5 (CH), 128.9 (C), 124.4 (C), 122.0 (CH), 115.0 (CH), 104.0 (C), 100.2 (C), 40.9 (CH3), -0.3 (CH3), -0.93 (CH3), -0.99 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C30H37N2Si2: 481.24898; found: 481.24886 (0.1 mDa, 0.2 ppm).
1-ブロモ-3-(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン(化合物L3, 100 μl, 0.470 mmol, 5 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した。1.1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(500 μl, 0.550 mmol, 9 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物B1 (20 mg, 0.062 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かして加え、-78 oCで10分間、室温で1時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、化合物21(13.8 mg, 40%)を青色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.90 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (s, 1H), 7.57 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (d, J = 9.7 Hz, 2H), 6.80 (dd, J = 9.7 Hz, 2.9 Hz, 2H), 3.36 (s, 12H), 0.617 (s, 3H), 0.613 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 168.0 (C), 155.7 (C), 149.6 (C), 142.7 (CH), 141.7 (C), 134.2 (CH), 132.1 (q, 2JC-F = 36 Hz, C), 130.5 (CH), 128.7 (C), 127.0 (q, 3JC-F = 3.7 Hz, CH), 126.6 (q, 3JC-F = 4.1 Hz, CH), 122.5 (CH), 115.2 (CH), 40.9 (CH3), -1.2 (CH3).;19F NMR (CD3OD): δ -61.7.; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C26H28F3N2Si: 453.19684; found: 453.19603 (0.8 mDa, 1.8 ppm).
1-ブロモ-4-(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン(化合物L4, 100 μl, 0.470 mmol, 5 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した。1.1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(500 μl, 0.550 mmol, 9 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物B1 (20 mg, 0.062 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かして加え、-78 oCで10分間、室温で1時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、化合物22(10.0 mg, 29%)を青色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.89 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.51 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.38 (d, J = 2.9 Hz, 2H), 7.04 (d, J = 9.7 Hz, 2H), 6.79 (dd, J = 9.7 Hz, 2.9 Hz, 2H), 3.35 (s, 12H), 0.61 (s, 6H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 168.4 (C), 155.7 (C), 149.6 (C), 144.8 (C), 142.7 (CH), 131.8 (q, 2JC-F = 33 Hz, C), 131.3 (CH), 126.4 (q, 3JC-F = 3.7 Hz, CH), 125.5 (q, 1JC-F = 273 Hz, C), 122.5 (CH), 115.2 (CH), 40.9 (CH3), -1.1 (CH3).; 19F{1H} NMR (CD3OD): δ -61.7.; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C26H28F3N2Si: 453.19684; found: 453.19653 (0.3 mDa, 0.7 ppm).
2-クロロフェニルボロン酸(化合物M1)を110℃にて6時間減圧乾燥させ、化合物M4を白色固体として得た。化合物M4は分離精製せず、そのまま次の反応に用いた。
化合物B1 (30 mg, 0.092 mmol, 1 eq.)を脱酸素アセトニトリル(10 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、室温にて撹拌した。トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸無水物(20 μl, 0.112 mmol, 1.2 eq.)をゆっくり加え、室温にてさらに15分撹拌した後、化合物M4(61.1 mg, 0.144 mmol, 1.6 eq.)、ビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(II)ジクロリド(13.1 mg, 0.018 mmol, 0.2 eq.)、および炭酸ナトリウム(62.3 mg, 0.587 mmol, 6.2 eq.)を加え、70℃にて終夜撹拌した。室温に戻し、反応溶液に水を加え、ジクロロメタンで2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ジクロロメタン/メタノール = 100/0 to 90/10)およびHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、目的化合物23 (3.0 mg, 6%)を青色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.65 (dd, J = 8.0 Hz, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (ddd, J = 8.0 Hz, 7.3 Hz, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (dt, J = 1.4 Hz. 7.3 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (dd, J = 7.3 Hz, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 9.6 Hz, 2H), 6.80 (dd, J = 9.6 Hz, 2.8 Hz, 2H), 3.36 (s, 12H), 0.613 (s, 3H), 0.598 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 167.0 (C), 155.8 (C), 149.5 (C), 142.0 (CH), 139.3 (C), 134.1 (C), 132.2 (CH), 131.7 (CH), 130.9 (CH), 128.4 (C), 128.1 (CH), 122.3 (CH), 115.3 (CH), 40.9 (CH3), -1.1 (CH3), -1.4 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C25H28ClN2Si: 419.17048; found: 419.16962 (0.9 mDa, 2.0 ppm).
化合物24に関しても同様にスキーム15に従って合成を行い、目的化合物24(11.1 mg, 23%)を青色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.95 (ddd, J = 7.6 Hz, 1.6 Hz, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (dt, J = 0.5 Hz, 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.70 (dt, J = 0.5 Hz, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (ddd, J = 7.8 Hz, 1.6 Hz, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (d, J = 2.9 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (d, J = 9.7 Hz, 2H), 6.80 (dd, J = 9.7 Hz, 2.9 Hz, 2H), 3.36 (s, 12H), 0.610 (s, 3H), 0.605 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 167.1 (C), 155.7 (C), 149.6 (C), 142.7 (CH), 142.0 (C), 135.0 (CH), 133.8 (CH), 133.5 (CH), 130.7 (CH), 128.6 (C), 122.6 (CH), 119.1 (C), 115.2 (CH), 113.9 (C), 40.9 (CH3), -1.10 (CH3), -1.15 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C26H28N3Si: 410.20470; found: 410.20416 (0.5 mDa, 1.3 ppm).
化合物25に関しても同様にスキーム15に従って合成を行い、目的化合物25(9.2 mg, 19%)を青色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.95 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.49 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.38 (d, J = 2.9 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (d, J = 9.7 Hz, 2H), 6.79 (dd, J = 9.7 Hz, 2.9 Hz, 2H), 3.36 (s, 12H), 0.61 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 167.7 (C), 155.7 (C), 149.6 (C), 145.6 (C), 142.6 (CH), 133.3 (CH), 131.6 (CH), 128.3 (C), 122.6 (CH), 119.1 (C), 115.2 (CH), 113.8 (C), 40.9 (CH3), -1.1 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C26H28N3Si: 410.20470; found: 410.20464 (0.1 mDa, 0.2 ppm).
化合物J3(1.00 g, 3.54 mmol, 1 eq.)および3-ブロモ-N,N-ジメチルアニリン(0.540 μl, 3.72 mmol, 1.05 eq.)をジクロロメタン(15 ml)に溶かし、氷浴下にて撹拌した。三フッ化ホウ素ジエチルエーテル錯体(650 μl, 5.46 mmol, 1.5 eq.)を加え、反応液を終夜加熱還流した。空冷後、飽和炭酸ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンにて抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 100/0 to 50/50)にて分離精製し、化合物N1 (1.39 g, 85%)を無色透明の液体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 6.93 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H), 6.59 (dd, J = 8.6 Hz, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 6.54 (dd, J = 8.6 Hz, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 5.83 (ddt, J = 17.5 Hz, 10.0 Hz, 4.9 Hz, 2H), 5.18 - 5.14 (m, 4H), 3.98 (s, 2H), 3.88 - 3.87 (m, 4H), 2.91 (s, 6H).; 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 150.2 (C), 148.3 (C), 133.7 (CH), 130.96 (CH), 130.86 (CH), 127.25 (C), 127.06 (C), 125.75 (C), 125.67 (C), 116.41 (CH2), 116.39 (CH), 116.1 (CH), 112.0 (CH), 111.8 (CH), 52.9 (CH2), 40.7 (CH3), 39.9 (CH2).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C21H25Br2N2: 463.03790; found: 463.03667 (1.2 mDa, 2.7 ppm).
アルゴン雰囲気下、化合物J6(1.05 g, 2.26 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(30 ml)に溶かし、-78oCにて10分間撹拌した。そこに1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(5.0 ml, 5.0 mmol, 2.2 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。次いでジクロロジメチルシラン(350 μl, 2.88 mmol, 1.3 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に希釈して加えて徐々に室温に戻し、2.5時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、THFを減圧留去した。得られた水層を酢酸エチルで抽出し、次いで有機相を水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣を中圧シリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ノルマルヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 100/0 to 90/10)で精製した。得られた化合物をアセトン(15 ml)に溶かし、-15oCにて10分間撹拌した。そこに過マンガン酸カリウム(450 mg, 2.85 mmol, 1.3 eq.)を3回に分けて10分おきに加え、反応の終了をTLCにて確認した。反応系をセライト濾過し、ジクロロメタンにて洗浄し、濾液を減圧留去した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーで精製し(溶離液:ヘキサン/ジクロロメタン = 40/60 to 0/100)、目的化合物N3 (123 mg, 14%)を黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 8.38 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H), 8.35 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.83 (dd, J = 9.0 Hz, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 6.83 - 6.80 (m, 2H), 6.78 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 5.88 (ddt, J = 17.2 Hz, 9.8 Hz, 4.8 Hz, 2H), 5.23 - 5.18 (m, 4H), 4.03 - 4.02 (m, 4H), 3.09 (s, 6H), 0.44 (s, 6H).; 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 185.1 (C), 151.4 (C), 150.1 (C), 140.5 (C), 133.0 (CH), 131.6 (CH), 129.9 (C), 129.6 (C), 116.6 (CH2), 144.8 (CH), 144.3 (CH), 113.4 (CH), 113.1 (CH), 52.7 (CH2), 40.0 (CH3), -1.0 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C23H29N2OSi: 377.20437; found: 377.20398 (0.4 mDa, 1.0 ppm).
2-ブロモトルエン(化合物A1, 50 μl, 0.420 mmol, 12 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した。1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(200 μl, 0.200 mmol, 5.7 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物N3 (13.2 mg, 0.035 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かして加え、-78 oCで1時間、室温で2時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物をメタノール(2 ml)に溶かし、水素化ホウ素ナトリウムを溶液の色が淡黄色になるまで加えた。水を加えて反応を停止し、酢酸エチルで抽出し、得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物を脱酸素したジクロロメタン(3 ml)に溶かし、1,3-ジメチルバルビツール酸(68.1 mg, 0.436 mmol, 12 eq.)およびテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(4.2 mg, 4 μmol, 0.1 eq.)を加え、40oCにて1.5時間撹拌した。クロラニル(10.5 mg, 0.042 mmol, 1.2 eq.)を加えて室温にて10分撹拌し、濃青色の反応液をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ジクロロメタン/メタノール = 100/0 to 60/40)にて分離し、青色のフラクションを回収して溶媒を減圧留去した。得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、目的化合物26 (12.0 mg, 71%)を青紫色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.47 - 7.37 (m, 3H), 7.35 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (m, 1H), 7.11 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (d, J = 9.7 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (dd, J = 9.7 Hz, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 6.57 (dd, J = 9.3 Hz, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 3.34 (s, 6H), 2.04 (s, 3H), 0.581 (s, 3H), 0.565 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 171.4 (C), 158.5 (C), 155.8 (C), 150.7 (C), 149.3 (C), 143.6 (CH), 142.6 (CH), 140.1 (C), 136.9 (C), 131.3 (CH), 130.09 (CH), 130.04 (CH), 128.7 (C), 128.3 (C), 126.8 (CH), 124.4 (CH), 122.1 (CH), 116.9 (CH), 115.1 (CH), 40.9 (CH3), 19.4 (CH3), -1.3 (CH3), -1.5 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C24H27N2Si: 371.19380; found: 371.19406 (-0.3 mDa, -0.7 ppm).
2-ブロモトルエン(化合物A1, 20 μl, 0.180 mmol, 6 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した。1 M sec-ブチルリチウム シクロヘキサン/n-ヘキサン溶液(100 μl, 0.100 mmol, 3.3 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物E8(11.5 mg, 0.030 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かして加え、徐々に室温に戻しながら2時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで3回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、目的化合物27(9.8 mg, 57%)を青緑色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3CN): δ 7.48 - 7.44 (m, 1H), 7.41 - 7.35 (m, 2H), 7.23 (s, 2H), 7.10 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 6.34 (s, 2H), 4.12 (t, J = 4.6 Hz, 4H), 3.64 (t, J = 4.6 Hz, 4H), 3.31 (s, 6H), 2.01 (s, 3H), 0.56 (s, 3H), 0.54 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3CN): δ 169.6 (C), 145.5 (C), 145.0 (C), 144.7 (C), 140.1 (C), 136.5 (C), 131.2 (CH), 129.91 (C), 129.88 (CH), 129.6 (CH), 126.6 (CH), 123.3 (CH), 121,1 (CH), 64.0 (CH2), 50.4 (CH2), 39.6 (CH3), 19.5 (CH3), -1.1 (CH3), -1.2 (CH3). HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C28H31N2O2Si: 455.21493; found: 455.21407 (0.9 mDa, 1.9 ppm).
化合物F1(150 mg, 0.550 mmol, 12 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かし、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78 oCで10分間撹拌した。1.6 M tert-ブチルリチウム ペンタン溶液(300 μl, 0.472 mmol, 10 eq.)をゆっくり加え、10分間撹拌した。化合物J8 (19 mg, 0.047 mmol, 1 eq.)をTHF(5 ml)に溶かして加え、-78 oCで1時間、室温で2時間撹拌した。1 N 塩酸を加えて酸性にし、次いで飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、ジクロロメタンで2回抽出し、得られた有機相を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物をメタノール(2 ml)に溶かし、水素化ホウ素ナトリウムを溶液の色が淡黄色になるまで加えた。水を加えて反応を停止し、酢酸エチルで抽出し、得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた化合物を脱酸素したジクロロメタン(2 ml)に溶かし、1,3-ジメチルバルビツール酸(145 mg, 0.922 mmol, 20 eq.)およびテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(6.0 mg, 5 μmol, 0.1 eq.)を加え、40oCにて1時間撹拌した。クロラニル(15.1 mg, 0.061 mmol, 1.3 eq.)を加えて室温にて10分撹拌し、濃青色の反応液をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:ジクロロメタン/メタノール = 100/0 to 60/40, 0.5% TFA)にて分離し、青色のフラクションを回収して溶媒を減圧留去した。得られた化合物をトリフルオロ酢酸(1 ml)および水(200 μl)に溶かし、室温にて30分撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(1回目: A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min;2回目: 70/30 to 30/70)、目的化合物O1 (16.2 mg, 67%)を青紫色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 8.06 (s, 1H), 8.02 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (br s, 1H), 6.94 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.62 (dd, J = 9.4 Hz, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 6.58 (dd, J = 9.3 Hz, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 3.07 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 0.562 (s, 3H), 0.549 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 169.8 (C), 169.2 (C), 158.4 (C), 157.5 (C), 150.0 (C), 144.9 (C), 143.1 (CH), 137.6 (C), 132.57 (C), 132.47 (CH), 130.5 (C), 128.08 (CH), 128.04 (C), 127.97 (C), 124.5 (CH), 117.0 (CH), 30.1 (CH3), 19.4 (CH3), -1.4 (CH3), -1.6 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C24H25N2O2Si: 401.16798; found: 401.16723 (0.8 mDa, 1.9 ppm).
化合物G1 (2.9 mg, 3.8 μmol, 1 eq.)、化合物O1(2.4 mg, 4.5 μmol, 1.2 eq.)およびヘキサフルオロリン酸(ベンゾトリアゾール-1-イルオキシ)トリピロリジノホスホニウム(4.0 mg, 7.6 μmol, 2.0 eq.) をDMF (200 μl)に溶かし、室温にて撹拌した. N,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン (10 μl, 56 μmol, 15 eq.)を加えてさらに室温で1.5時間撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、得られた残渣をHPLCにて分離精製し (1回目; A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min: 2回目; C/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min) 、目的化合物28(2.3 mg, 53%) を濃紫色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 8.79 - 8.77 (m, 1H, NH), 8.77 (d, J = 1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.50 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, NH), 8.31 (dd, J = 7.9 Hz, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.85 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (br s, 1H), 7.21 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (d, J = 9.4 Hz, 2H), 7.07 (dd, J = 9.5 Hz, 2.3 Hz, 2H), 7.03 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 2H), 7.09 - 7.02 (m, 1H), 6.97 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.62 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.57 (dd, J = 9.3 Hz, 2.4 Hz), 4.03 (m, 2H), 3.66 (s, 3H), 3.33 (s, 12H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 2.18 - 2.16 (m, 4H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 1.72 - 1.61 (m, 4H), 0.571 (s, 3H), 0.558 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 170.0 (C), 169.0 (C), 167.5 (C), 166.4 (C), 165.5 (C), 159.9 (C), 159.09 (C), 159.06 (C), 158.4 (C), 150.2 (C), 143.4 (C), 143.2 (CH), 138.01 (C), 137.93 (C), 137.6 (C), 136.5 (C), 132.7 (CH), 132.08 (CH), 131.94 (CH), 131.84 (CH), 131.1 (CH), 130.5 (CH), 130.2 (CH), 128.19 (C), 128.12 (C), 125.8 (CH), 124.4 (CH), 116.9 (CH), 115.7 (CH), 114.7 (C), 97.6 (CH), 53.1 (CH3), 50.2 (CH), 49.9 (CH), 41.0 (CH3), 32.35 (CH2), 32.32 (CH2), 30.1 (CH3), 19.5 (CH3), -1.44 (CH3), -1.63 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]2+/2 calcd for C56H60N6O5Si: 462.21917; found: 462.21878 (0.4 mDa, 0.9 ppm).
化合物P1 (15.0 mg, 31 μmol, 1 eq.)、化合物F5(10.5 mg, 49 μmol, 1.6 eq.)およびヘキサフルオロリン酸(ベンゾトリアゾール-1-イルオキシ)トリピロリジノホスホニウム(26.0 mg, 50 μmol, 1.5 eq.) をDMF (500 μl)に溶かし、室温にて撹拌した。N,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン (40 μl, 230 μmol, 7.5 eq.)を加えてさらに室温で1時間撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、得られた残渣をHPLCにて分離精製し (1回目; A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min: 2回目; C/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min) 、目的化合物P2 (5.0 mg, 23%) を橙色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 8.74 (d, J = 1.7 Hz, 1H), 8.74 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H, CONH), 8.24 (dd, J = 8.0 Hz, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 6.83 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 2H), 6.81 (dd, J = 8.9 Hz, 2.1 Hz, 2H), 3.98 (m, 1H), 3.16 (m, 1H), 2.18 - 2.15 (m, 4H), 1.65 - 1.54 (m, 4H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 167.8 (C), 167.4 (C), 161.3 (C), 161.1 (C), 160.0 (C), 138.2 (C), 137.7 (C), 132.77 (C), 132.69 (CH), 132.4 (CH), 131.9 (CH), 131.3 (CH), 117.9 (CH), 114.7 (C), 98.4 (CH), 50.6 (CH), 49.5 (CH), 31.1 (CH2), 30.7 (CH2).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C27H27N4O4: 471.20268; found: 471.20113 (1.6 mDa, 3.3 ppm).
化合物P2 (5.0 mg, 7 μmol, 1 eq)をメタノール(2 ml)に溶かし、濃硫酸を3滴加え、加熱還流にて終夜撹拌した。反応系を室温に戻し、溶媒を減圧留去した。得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、化合物P3 (4.6 mg, 90 %)を橙色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 8.75 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, CONH), 8.73 (d, J = 1.7 Hz, 1H), 8.26 (dd, J = 8.0 Hz, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.01 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 2H), 6.84 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 2H), 6.81 (dd, J = 9.1 Hz, 2.1 Hz, 2H), 3.98 (m, 1H), 3.67 (s 3H), 3.17 (m, 1H), 2.18 - 2.16 (m, 4H), 1.65 - 1.55 (m, 4H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 167.6 (C), 166.3 (C), 161.4 (C), 160.3 (C), 159.7 (C), 138.0 (C), 137.8 (C), 132.63 (CH), 132.61 (CH), 132.02 (CH), 131.85 (C), 131.1 (CH), 118.0 (CH), 114.6 (C), 98.5 (CH), 53.1 (CH3), 50.6 (CH), 49.5 (CH), 31.1 (CH2), 30.7 (CH2).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C28H29N4O4: 485.21833; found: 485.21863 (-0.3 mDa, -0.6 ppm).
化合物P3 (2.6 mg, 3.7 μmol, 1 eq.)、化合物O1(2.3 mg, 4.4 μmol, 1.2 eq.)およびヘキサフルオロリン酸(ベンゾトリアゾール-1-イルオキシ)トリピロリジノホスホニウム(3.3 mg, 6.3 μmol, 1.7 eq.) をDMF (200 μl)に溶かし、室温にて撹拌した。N,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン (5 μl, 27 μmol, 7.5 eq.)を加えてさらに室温で1時間撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、得られた残渣をHPLCにて分離精製し (A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min) 、目的化合物29 (3.0 mg, 75%) を濃橙色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 8.76 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H, -CONH-), 8.76 (d, J = 1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.50 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H, -CONH-), 8.29 (dd, J = 8.0 Hz, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (d, J = 1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.85 (dd, J = 7.9 Hz, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (br s, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 2.5 Hz), 7.03 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 2H), 7.03 (m, 1H)*, 6.98 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 2H), 6.82 (dd, J = 9.1 Hz, 2.1 Hz, 2H), 6.62 (d, J = 9.2 Hz, 1H), 6.57 (dd, J = 9.3 Hz, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 4.03 (m, 2H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 2.17 - 2.15 (m, 4H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 1.72 - 1.60 (m, 4H), 0.570 (s, 3H), 0.558 (s, 3H).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]2+/2 calcd for C55H55N6O5Si: 434.18787; found: 434.18723 (0.6 mDa, 1.5 ppm).
化合物O1 (5.1 mg, 0.010 mmol,1 eq)、トランス-N-Boc-1,4-シクロヘキサンジアミン(化合物F5, 4.0 mg,0.019 mmol,1.9 eq)およびヘキサフルオロリン酸(ベンゾトリアゾール-1-イルオキシ)トリピロリジノホスホニウム(9.1 mg, 0.018 mmol, 1.7 eq.)をDMF(400 μl)に溶かし、室温にて撹拌した。N,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(15 μl, 0.088 mmol,8.8 eq)を加え、さらに30分撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、残渣をトリフルオロ酢酸(1 ml)および水(100 μl)を加え室温にて30分撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min)、化合物Q1(6.8 mg, 95 %)を青紫色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 8.48 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H, NH), 7.86 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (s, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (br s, 1H), 6.94 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.61 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.56 (dd, J = 9.3 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 3.95 (m, 1H), 3.15 (m, 1H), 3.07 (s, 3H), 2.14 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 4H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 1.64 - 1.52 (m, 4H), 0.560 (s, 3H), 0.548 (s, 3H).; 13C NMR (CD3OD): δ 169.9 (C), 169.1 (C), 158.3 (C), 157.5 (C), 150.1 (C), 143.5 (C), 143.1 (CH), 137.6 (C), 136.3 (C), 130.45 (CH), 130.19 (CH), 128.15 (C), 128.07 (C), 125.8 (CH), 124.4 (CH), 116.9 (CH), 50.6 (CH), 31.1 (CH2), 30.7 (CH2), 30.0 (CH3), 19.5 (CH3), -1.46 (CH3), -1.65 (CH3).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C30H37N4OSi: 497.27311; found: 497.27302 (0.1 mDa, 0.2 ppm).
化合物Q1 (3.4 mg, 4.7 μmol, 1 eq.)、化合物Q2(7.4 mg, 7.0 μmol, 1.2 eq.)およびヘキサフルオロリン酸(ベンゾトリアゾール-1-イルオキシ)トリピロリジノホスホニウム(5.8 mg, 11 μmol, 2.2 eq.) をDMF (300 μl)に溶かし、室温にて撹拌した。N,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン (8 μl, 70 μmol, 10 eq.)を加えてさらに室温で30分間撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、得られた残渣をHPLCにて分離精製し (A/B = 70/30 to 30/70, 25 min) 、目的化合物30 (1.8 mg, 24%) を青紫色固体として得た。
1H NMR (CD3OD): δ 8.68 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, NH), 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.47 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, NH), 8.23 (dd, J = 8.0 Hz, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.88 (s, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (br s, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (br s, 1H), 6.97 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 4H), 6.62 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 6.57 (dd, J = 9.3 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 5.71 (d, 2JH-H = 7.2 Hz, 4H), 5.70 (d, 2JH-H = 7.2 Hz, 4H), 4.37 (d, 2JH-H = 12.6 Hz, 2H), 4.33 (d, 2JH-H = 12.6 Hz, 2H), 4.00 (m, 2H), 3.74 (s, 8H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 2.35 (s, 6H), 2.15 - 2.14 (m, 4H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 1.99 (s, 12H), 1.68 - 1.57 (m, 4H), 0.567 (s, 3H), 0.555 (s, 3H).; HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+Na]2+/2 calcd for C77H81N6NaO25Si: 770.24537; found: 770.24500 (0.4 mDa, 0.5 ppm).
化合物30 (0.24 mg, 0.15 μmol, 1 eq.)をメタノール (40 μl)に溶かし、室温にて撹拌した。1N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(10 μl)を加え、5分間撹拌した。反応液をメタノール(0.1%トリフルオロ酢酸)を加えて停止し、HPLCにて分離精製し (A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 25 min) 、目的化合物31を青紫色固体として得た。
HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M+H]+ calcd for C61H61N6O15Si: 1145.39587; found: 1145.39346 (2.4 mDa, 2.1 ppm).
化合物F3 (5.9 mg, 15.2 μmol)、N-Boc-4-アミノメチルピペリジン(化合物R1, 6.4 μl, 30.4 μmol)およびDMT-MM (9.0 mg, 30.4 μmol)をDMF(1.5 ml)に溶かし、室温にて撹拌した。N,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(5.3 μl)を加え、さらに2時間撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、得られた残渣をHPLCで精製した(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 40 min)。得られた化合物をトリフルオロ酢酸(5 ml)に溶かし、反応が終了するまで室温にて撹拌した。溶液を減圧留去し、得られた残渣をHPLCで精製し(A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 40 min)、化合物R2(5.1 mg, 69%)を青紫色固体として得た。
HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C29H35N4OSi: 483.25746; found: 483.25686 (0.6 mDa, 1.2 ppm).
化合物R2 (2.3 mg, 4.8 μmol)、化合物H2(2.2 mg, 4.8 μmol)およびDMT-MM (10 mg) をDMF (3 ml)に溶かし、室温にて撹拌した。N,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン (1.8 μl, 9.6 μmol)を加えてさらに室温で終夜撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、得られた残渣をHPLCにて分離精製し (A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 40 min) 、目的化合物32 (4.9 mg, quant.) を青紫色固体として得た。
HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C54H49N4O9Si: 925.32633; found: 925.32417 (2.2 mDa, 2.3 ppm).
化合物R2 (2.8 mg, 5.9 μmol)、化合物Q2(6.1 mg, 5.9 μmol)およびDMT-MM (10 mg) をDMF (3 ml)に溶かし、室温にて撹拌した。N,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン (2.0 μl, 11.8 μmol)を加えてさらに室温で終夜撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、得られた残渣をHPLCにて分離精製し (A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 40 min) 、目的化合物33 (5.1 mg, 57%) を青紫色固体として得た。
HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M]+ calcd for C76H79N6O25Si: 1503.4858; found: 1503.4872 (-1.3 mDa, -0.9 ppm).
化合物33をメタノール (5 ml)および水(3 ml)に溶かし、1N水酸化カリウム水溶液を加えて室温にて撹拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、HPLCにて分離精製し (A/B = 90/10 to 10/90, 40 min) 、目的化合物34を青紫色固体として得た。
実施例1で合成した蛍光プローブ2Me SiR600(化合物1)にグルタチオンを作用させ、その蛍光アッセイを行った。紫外―可視吸光分光分析および蛍光分光分析は、Shimadzu UV-2450 (島津製作所)およびHitachi F-7000(日立製作所)を用いて行った。溶液条件は、蛍光プローブの濃度は1μM、0.2Mリン酸ナトリウム緩衝液(pH7.4)、0.1~1%のDMSOを含む溶液を用いた。添加するグルタチオンの濃度を1μM~100mMの範囲で変化させた際の吸収スペクトル及び蛍光スペクトルを測定した。励起波長は590nmとした。得られた結果を図1及び2に示す。
蛍光プローブとグルタチオンの反応が可逆性であることを、グルタチオンの添加及びチオールのスカベンジャーを添加した際の吸収スペクトル強度変化を観測することにより評価を行なった。測定は化合物1「2Me SiR600」及び化合物2「Ph SiR650」の蛍光プローブを用いて行なった。結果を図3に示す。
次に、蛍光プローブとして、化合物1(2Me SiR600)を用いて癌培養細胞における蛍光イメージングを行った。測定は、共焦点顕微鏡を用いて行なった。得られた画像を図4に示す。蛍光プローブの投与後速やかに蛍光像が観察され、N-エチルマレイミド(NEM)添加によるグルタチオン枯渇条件下において蛍光強度の増大が認められたことから、細胞内グルタチオン濃度の変化を反映しているものと考えられた。
分子内のドナー蛍光団を有するプローブである、実施例1で合成した化合物8(2Me SiR600 - TMR)について、実施例2と同様にグルタチオン添加に伴う吸収及び蛍光スペクトル変化を測定した。溶液条件は、蛍光プローブの濃度は0.5μM、0.2Mリン酸ナトリウム緩衝液(pH7.4)、0.1%のDMSOを含む溶液を用いた。添加するグルタチオンの濃度を1μM~10mMの範囲で変化させた。励起波長は550nmとした。得られた結果をそれぞれ図5及び6に示す。また、図6の蛍光スペクトルにおいて、アクセプターのピーク波長(615nm)とドナーのピーク波長(584nm)の強度変化のプロットを図7に示す。
蛍光プローブとして化合物8(2Me SiR600 - TMR)を用いて実施例4と同様に、癌培養細胞における蛍光イメージングを行った(図8)。NEM添加による蛍光強度比の変化が観測されたことから、当該蛍光プローブが、細胞内の細胞内グルタチオンと反応していることが示唆される。
同様に、実施例1で合成した化合物9「2Me SiR600 - TMR(Me)」についても細胞イメージングを行なった結果(図9)、NEM添加による蛍光強度比の変化が観測された。
Claims (17)
- 以下の式(I)で表される化合物又はその塩を含む、-SH基を含有する化合物の検出用蛍光プローブ:
〔式中、
Xは、Si(Ra)(Rb)、Ge(Ra)(Rb)、Sn(Ra)(Rb)、C(Ra)(Rb)、又はOを表し(ここで、Ra及びRbは、それぞれ独立に水素原子、又はアルキル基を表す);
R1は、水素原子、シアノ基、又はそれぞれ置換されていてもよいアルキル基、カルボキシル基、エステル基、アルコキシ基、アミド基、及びアジド基よりなる群から独立に選択される1~4個の同一又は異なる置換基を表し;
R2は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシル基、シアノ基、それぞれ置換されていてもよいアルキル基、アルキニル基、アルコキシ基、アリール、又はヘテロアリールを表し;
R3及びR4は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、又はヒドロキシル基、ハロゲン原子、それぞれ置換されていてもよいアルキル基、スルホ基、カルボキシル基、エステル基、アミド基及びアジド基よりなる群から独立に選択される1~3個の同一又は異なる置換基を表し;
R5、R6、R7及びR8は、それぞれ独立に水素原子又はアルキル基を示し、
ここで、R5又はR6は、それぞれR3と一緒になって、それらが結合する窒素原子を含む環構造を形成してもよく、
R7又はR8は、それぞれR4と一緒になって、それらが結合する窒素原子を含む環構造を形成してもよい。〕 - 前記-SH基を含有する化合物が、システイン残基を有する化合物である、請求項1に記載の蛍光プローブ。
- 前記-SH基を含有する化合物が、グルタチオンである、請求項1に記載の蛍光プローブ。
- Xが、Si(Ra)(Rb)である、請求項1~3のいずれか1に記載の蛍光プローブ。
- R2が、水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、シアノ基、それぞれ置換されていてもよいC1-C4アルキル基、C1-C4アルコキシ基、又はフェニル基であり;
R5、R6、R7及びR8は、それぞれ独立に水素原子又はメチル基である、
請求項1~4のいずれか1に記載の蛍光プローブ。 - R1が、蛍光共鳴エネルギー移動(FRET)のドナーとなる蛍光団を有する、請求項1~5のいずれか1に記載の蛍光プローブ。
- R5、R6、R7又はR8が、蛍光共鳴エネルギー移動(FRET)のドナーとなる蛍光団を有する、請求項1~5のいずれか1に記載の蛍光プローブ。
- 前記蛍光団が、キサンテン骨格を有する化合物である、請求項6又は7に記載の蛍光プローブ。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の蛍光プローブを用いる、-SH基を含有する化合物の検出方法。
- 前記-SH基を含有する化合物と前記蛍光プローブとの反応による蛍光応答又は吸光度変化を観測することにより、-SH基を含有する化合物の存在を検出することを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の検出方法。
- 前記蛍光応答が、蛍光共鳴エネルギー移動(FRET)による蛍光変化である、請求項10に記載の検出方法。
- 蛍光イメージング手段を用いて前記蛍光応答を可視化することを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の検出方法。
- 前記-SH基を含有する化合物が、システイン残基を有する化合物である、請求項9~12のいずれか1に記載の検出方法。
- 前記-SH基を含有する化合物が、グルタチオンである、請求項9~12のいずれか1に記載の検出方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の蛍光プローブを含む、-SH基を含有する化合物の検出用キット。
- 前記-SH基を含有する化合物が、システイン残基を有する化合物である、請求項15に記載のキット。
- 前記-SH基を含有する化合物が、グルタチオンである、請求項15に記載のキット。
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