WO2015115310A1 - がん幹細胞の増殖抑制剤および細胞内活性酸素蓄積誘導剤 - Google Patents
がん幹細胞の増殖抑制剤および細胞内活性酸素蓄積誘導剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015115310A1 WO2015115310A1 PCT/JP2015/051761 JP2015051761W WO2015115310A1 WO 2015115310 A1 WO2015115310 A1 WO 2015115310A1 JP 2015051761 W JP2015051761 W JP 2015051761W WO 2015115310 A1 WO2015115310 A1 WO 2015115310A1
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- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
- A61K31/4523—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/454—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pimozide, domperidone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K31/655—Azo (—N=N—), diazo (=N2), azoxy (>N—O—N< or N(=O)—N<), azido (—N3) or diazoamino (—N=N—N<) compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cancer stem cell growth inhibitor and an intracellular active oxygen accumulation inducer.
- cancer stem cells are highly resistant to various stresses, and the development of drugs targeting cancer stem cells is an urgent task for the cure of cancer.
- the analysis of the molecular mechanisms of stress resistance of cancer stem cells for the development of treatments targeting cancer stem cells has just begun.
- CD44 one of the markers of epithelial cancer stem cells, is known as a molecule involved in its stress resistance (Cancer Cell. 2011 2011 Mar 8; 19 (3): 387-400).
- CD44 has a splice variant form (hereinafter, CD44v), and CD44v stably expresses cystine transporter xCT on the cell membrane. Since xCT has a function of taking cystine into cells, and the cystine taken up thereby is used for production of glutathione (GSH), the amount of GSH increases in cells that highly express CD44v. Since GSH has a strong antioxidant effect and has a role of reducing stress generated in cells, cancer stem cells that highly express CD44v are considered to be resistant to treatment.
- GSH glutathione
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cancer stem cell growth inhibitor and an intracellular active oxygen accumulation inducer.
- One embodiment of the present invention comprises a cancer stem cell growth inhibitor comprising a compound represented by the following formula (1) or (2) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient: And a cancer stem cell active oxygen accumulation inducer.
- the cancer stem cell preferably expresses CD44v.
- the cancer stem cells are preferably contained in solid cancer.
- the anticancer agent may be sulfasalazine.
- Another embodiment of the present invention includes the step of administering a compound represented by the following formula (1) or (2) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof to a vertebrate having cancer stem cells. Is a treatment method for cancer.
- the cancer stem cell preferably expresses CD44v.
- the cancer stem cells are preferably contained in solid cancer.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) or (2) may be administered in combination with an anticancer agent.
- the anticancer agent may be sulfasalazine.
- Example of this invention it is a figure which shows the CD44v expression level of squamous cell carcinoma cell line HSC4, HSC3, HSC2, and OSC19. In one Example of this invention, it is a figure which shows glutathione content of squamous cell carcinoma cell lines HSC4, HSC3, HSC2, and OSC19. In one Example of this invention, it is a figure which shows the cell survival rate of squamous cell carcinoma cell lines HSC4, HSC3, HSC2, and OSC19 at the time of culture
- Example of this invention it is a figure which shows the cell survival rate of the squamous cell carcinoma cell lines HSC4 and OSC19 at the time of culture
- ROS reactive oxygen species
- Example of this invention it is a figure which shows the cell survival rate of the squamous cell carcinoma cell lines HSC4 and OSC19 at the time of culture
- a change in tumor volume is shown when 1 ⁇ 10 6 OSC19 cells are subcutaneously transplanted into a mouse and physiological saline or pimozide is administered intraperitoneally once a day from the fifth day of transplantation.
- changes in tumor weight are shown when 1 ⁇ 10 6 OSC19 cells are subcutaneously transplanted into mice and physiological saline or pimozide is administered intraperitoneally once a day from the 5th day of transplantation.
- FIG. In one Example of this invention it is a figure which shows the ROS amount of squamous cell carcinoma cell lines OSC19 and HSC-4 when pimozide or sulfasalazine is added.
- Example of this invention it is a figure which shows the cell survival rate of the squamous cell carcinoma cell lines HSC4 and OSC19 at the time of culture
- the pharmacologically acceptable salt in the present invention is not limited as long as it forms a salt with the compound according to the present invention, and specifically, for example, hydrochloride, sulfate, nitrate, hydrogen bromide.
- the compound according to the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof includes not only anhydrides but also hydrates and crystal polymorphs.
- US077 is an existing drug that has already been used for treatment of mental illness at home and abroad, and therefore, safety and blood dynamics are clear, and it is preferable because it is inexpensive.
- SER Seltindole
- the cancer stem cells are cancer cells that are particularly resistant to treatment in cancer tissues, but the cancer stem cells that are targets of the drug according to the present invention express CD44v. Is preferred.
- the cancer containing the cancer stem cells is not particularly limited, but is preferably a solid cancer, and examples include colon adenocarcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, breast adenocarcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. be able to.
- the drug according to the present invention may be formulated into tablets, powders, granules, powders, capsules, liquids, emulsions, suspensions and the like by conventional methods because each of the above compounds is used as a pharmaceutical. .
- the medicament according to the present invention is produced using pharmaceutically acceptable additives known to those skilled in the art, such as excipients and carriers.
- the administration target of the drug according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a vertebrate, but is preferably a human cancer patient.
- the required amount of the drug according to the present invention may be administered to the administration subject within a range of effective dose.
- a dose having an effect can be appropriately determined finally based on the judgment of a doctor or veterinarian in consideration of the type of dosage form, the administration method, the age and weight of the administration subject, the medical condition of the administration subject, and the like.
- the dose of the compound is preferably 0.3 mg / kg or more, more preferably 0.5 mg / kg or more, most preferably 0.8 mg / kg or more, and 2 mg / kg or less. It is preferably 1.5 mg / kg or less, and most preferably 1.3 mg / kg or less.
- the method of administration is not particularly limited, and for example, it may be administered orally, parenterally by intraperitoneal or intravenous injection or infusion, or administered directly into cancer by injection or the like. Also good.
- the drug according to the present invention can be used as a concomitant drug that enhances the effect of an anticancer drug by administering it in combination with other anticancer drugs that have been used conventionally.
- the combination is preferably administered at the same time, but while one effect remains, as long as the other is administered, it may be administered independently around the time.
- anticancer agent examples include cyclophosphamide, dacarbazine, chlorambutyl, methotrexate, cytarabine, actinomycin D, bleomycin, doxorubicin, vincristine, vinblastine, cisplatin, oxaliplatin, carboplatin, irinotecan, streptozotocin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, docetaxel , Etoposide, gemcitabine, bevacizumab, rituximab, brefeldin A, trastuzumab, imatinib, pemetrexed, capecitabine, bortezomib, leuprorelin, erlotinib, sunitinib, cetuximab, goserenin, dasatinib .
- the drug according to the present invention can continue to be administered after treatment with a conventional anticancer agent, thereby acting on cancer stem cells that could not be killed by a conventional anticancer agent, and suppressing cancer recurrence / metastasis. it can.
- CD44 expression-suppressed strains were prepared for HSC2, HSC3, HSC4, and OSC19. That is, siRNA for CD44 prepared by annealing with oligonucleotides having the following sequences purchased from Japan Bioservice was introduced into HSC2, HSC3, HSC4 and OSC19 using Lipofectamine RNAi MAX (Invitrogen) and cultured for 72 hours. A clone with suppressed CD44 expression was obtained.
- GSH-Glo registered trademark Glutathione Assay (Promega)
- CD44v the intracellular GSH concentration was measured by GSH-Glo (registered trademark) Glutathione Assay (Promega), and the relationship with the expression level of CD44v was examined.
- GSH-Glo registered trademark Glutathione Assay
- each cell line was seeded in a 96-well plate at 2000 cells / well, and the following day, cisplatin was added at concentrations of 1, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 ⁇ M Added. 72 hours later, cell viability was measured by Celltiter-Glo (Promega).
- FIG. 1 shows, all of HSC2, HSC3, HSC4 and OSC19 express CD44v, but the expression level of CD44v of OSC19 is significantly high. And in any cancer cell, it has confirmed that the expression level of CD44v fell by suppressing the expression of CD44.
- GSH content in each cell line of HSC2, HSC3, HSC4 and OSC19 is shown.
- the GSH content is expressed with the GSH content of HSC4 as 100%.
- OSC19 the case where the expression of CD44 is suppressed by RNAi is indicated by (+), and the case where the expression of CD44 is not suppressed is indicated by ( ⁇ ).
- the OSC19 GSH content was significantly higher than that of HSC2, HSC3, and HSC4, and a correlation with the expression level of CD44v was observed. And when the expression of CD44 of OSC19 was suppressed, the content of GSH decreased. Thus, overexpression of CD44 increases the cellular GSH content.
- FIG. 3 shows the cell viability of HSC2, HSC3, HSC4, and OSC19 when cisplatin is added to the medium.
- OSC19 having a significantly higher content of GSH than HSC2 to HSC4 was very less sensitive to cisplatin.
- OSC19 contains many GSH due to high expression of CD44v, and has the property of cancer stem cells that are resistant to existing anticancer agents.
- HSC4 as a representative example of normal cancer cells
- OSC19 as a representative example of cancer stem cells.
- OSC19 was seeded at 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well in a 24-well glass bottom plate, and the next day, each compound was added at 10 ⁇ M. Thereafter, the cells were cultured for 24 hours, stained with 2 ', 7'-dichlorohydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA), which is a redox fluorescent indicator, and observed with a fluorescence microscope. Moreover, the active oxygen induction ability was evaluated in four steps from the fluorescence intensity.
- H2DCFDA 2 ', 7'-dichlorohydrofluorescein diacetate
- FIG. 4 shows the cell viability of OSC19 and HSC4 cultured in a medium supplemented with each compound.
- FIG. 5 shows the ratio of the cell viability of HSC4 to the cell viability of OSC19.
- FIG. 6 is a fluorescence micrograph of OSC19 to which each compound shown in Table 1 was administered, and shows the results of evaluating the increase of ROS in OSC19 in four stages.
- NT is a fluorescence micrograph of OSC19 not administered with any of the compounds shown in Table 1.
- the “4-level criteria” are as follows. NT is a fluorescence micrograph of the compound not administered.
- pimozide was added at 0 ⁇ M (no addition), 0.3 ⁇ M, 1 ⁇ M, 3 ⁇ M, 10 ⁇ M, 30 ⁇ M, 100 ⁇ M, or sulfasalazine was added to a concentration of 0 ⁇ M (not added), 10 ⁇ M, 30 ⁇ M, 100 ⁇ M, 300 ⁇ M, and 1000 ⁇ M. Thereafter, the cells were cultured for 72 hours, and the cell viability was measured by Celltiter-Glo (Promega).
- FIG. 7 and 8 show cell viability versus OSC19 and HSC4 doses of pimozide or sulfasalazine, respectively.
- OSC19 is more sensitive to pimozide than HSC4.
- OSC19 showed higher sensitivity to sulfasalazine than HSC4, but pimozide has a cell growth inhibitory effect at a lower concentration than sulfasalazine.
- FIG. 9 shows that 1 ⁇ 10 6 OSC19 cells were implanted subcutaneously into nude mice, and pimozide or physiological saline was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 1 mg / kg once a day from the fifth day after transplantation. Shows the change in tumor volume.
- FIG. 10 shows the tumor weight on day 35. As these figures show, administration of pimozide suppressed the growth of OSC19.
- pimozide has a selective growth inhibitory effect on CD44v-positive cancer stem cells, thereby efficiently suppressing cancer growth.
- OSC19 and HSC4 are seeded at 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well on a 24-well glass bottom plate, and the next day, pimozide is added at 0 ⁇ M (not added), 1 ⁇ M, 3 ⁇ M, 10 ⁇ M, or sulfasalazine is added at 300 ⁇ M. did. Thereafter, the cells were cultured for 24 hours, intracellular reactive oxygen species were stained with H2DCFDA, and observed using a fluorescence microscope.
- FIG. 11 shows fluorescence micrographs of OSC19 and HSC4 cultured in medium administered with pimozide at 1, 3, 10 ⁇ M or sulfasalazine at 300 ⁇ M.
- pimozide has an effect of inducing intracellular active oxygen accumulation selectively in OSC19 similarly to sulfasalazine, but has an extremely high concentration of inducing intracellular active oxygen at a very low concentration compared to sulfasalazine.
- pimozide is a compound that can effectively suppress stress resistance, which is a characteristic of cancer stem cells.
- OSC19 cells were seeded on a 96-well plate at 3000 cells / well and HSC4 at 2000 cells / well, and culture was started.
- sertindole was added so as to be 0 ⁇ M (not added), 0.19 ⁇ M, 0.56 ⁇ M, 1.67 ⁇ M, 5.00 ⁇ M, 15.00 ⁇ M, or 45.00 ⁇ M.
- the number of viable cells was measured using Celltiter-Glo (registered trademark) (Luminescent Cell Viability Assay: Promega), and the ratio of the number of viable cells to the number of cells on the first day of culture was calculated as the cell viability. .
- FIG. 12 shows the cell viability with respect to the concentration of sertindole added to the medium. As shown in the figure, cell growth of OSC19 was suppressed by the addition of sertindol at a very low concentration compared to HSC4.
- sertindole has a stronger growth inhibitory effect on CD44v-positive cancer stem cells than normal cancer cells.
- OSC19 cells were seeded at 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well in a 24-well glass bottom plate, and culture was started. On the second day of culture, sertindole was added to a concentration of 0.1 ⁇ M, 1 ⁇ M, 10 ⁇ M, or sulfasalazine was added to a concentration of 300 ⁇ M. DMSO was added as a control.
- H2DCFDA 2 ', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate
- Hoechst33342 that stains the cell nucleus were added to the cells.
- sertindole is a compound that can effectively suppress stress resistance, which is a characteristic of cancer stem cells.
- Example 7 In this example, the combined effect of pimozide and sulfasalazine was examined for the cell growth inhibitory effect.
- a cancer stem cell growth inhibitor and an intracellular active oxygen accumulation inducer can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
(2)
ここで、前記がん幹細胞はCD44vを発現していることが好ましい。また、前記がん幹細胞は固形がんに含まれていることが好ましい。また、抗がん剤と併用して投与されてもよい。前記抗がん剤がスルファサラジンであってもよい。
(2)
ここで、前記がん幹細胞はCD44vを発現していることが好ましい。また、前記がん幹細胞は固形がんに含まれていることが好ましい。また、前記工程では、式(1)または(2)で表される化合物を抗がん剤と併用して投与してもよい。前記抗がん剤がスルファサラジンであってもよい。
本出願は、2014年1月29日付で出願した日本国特許出願2014-14857に基づく優先権を主張するものであり、当該基礎出願を引用することにより、本明細書に含めるものとする。
本発明にかかる薬剤は、がん幹細胞の増殖抑制剤及び細胞内活性酸素蓄積誘導剤であって、表1および表2に示される化合物の少なくともいずれか1種またはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する。すなわち単剤であってもよいし、合剤であってもよい。
本発明にかかる薬剤は、上記の各化合物を医薬品として用いるため、通常の方法により、錠剤、粉剤、顆粒剤、散剤、カプセル剤、液剤、乳剤、懸濁剤などに剤形化されてもよい。本発明にかかる薬剤は、当業者に知られた薬学的に許容できる添加剤、例えば賦形剤や担体を用いて製造される。
本発明にかかる薬剤は、効果を有する投与量の範囲内において、投与対象に対し、必要量を適した方法で投与すればよい。効果を有する投与量は、剤形の種類、投与方法、投与対象の年齢や体重、投与対象の病状等を考慮して、最終的には医師または獣医師の判断により適宜決定することができる。化合物の投与量は、0.3mg/kg以上であることが好ましく、0.5mg/kg以上であることがより好ましく、0.8mg/kg以上であることが最も好ましく、2mg/kg以下であることが好ましく、1.5mg/kg以下であることがより好ましく、1.3mg/kg以下であることが最も好ましい。投与方法は、特に限定されず、例えば、経口投与してもよいし、腹腔内や静脈内への注射や点滴により非経口投与してもよいし、注射等によりがん内に直接投与してもよい。
本実施例では、口腔扁平上皮がん細胞株HSC2、HSC3、HSC4およびOSC19の、CD44v発現量とGSH含有量および抗がん剤シスプラチンに対する感受性を調べた。
まず、HSC2、HSC3、HSC4およびOSC19について、CD44の発現抑制株を作成した。すなわち、日本バイオサービスから購入した下記配列を有するオリゴヌクレオチドでアニーリングして作製したCD44に対するsiRNAをLipofectamin RNAi MAX(Invitrogen社)を用いてHSC2、HSC3、HSC4およびOSC19に導入して72時間培養して、CD44の発現が抑制されたクローンを得た。
(Antisense) 5'-GAAGCAAUAUGUGUCAUACTT-3'
これらのクローンで、CD44の発現が抑制されていることを確認した。すなわち、細胞をRIPA Bufferを用いて溶解した溶解物を用いて、イムノブロットを行った。
図1が示すように、HSC2、HSC3、HSC4およびOSC19はいずれもCD44vを発現しているが、OSC19のCD44vの発現量が有意に多い。そして、いずれのがん細胞においても、CD44の発現を抑制することによりCD44vの発現量が低下することが確認できた。
本実験例では、表1に示した各化合物の細胞増殖阻害効果および細胞内活性酸素蓄積誘導効果を示す。
96ウエルプレートにOSC19を3000個/ウエル、HSC4を2000個/ウエルでそれぞれ播種し、培養を開始した。培養開始2日後、表1に示した各化合物を10μMで添加し、いずれの化合物も添加していないものをコントロールとして用意した。その48時間後、4%PFA-PBSにて細胞を固定し、Hoechst33342による核染色を行った。Hoechst33342の蛍光強度をプレートリーダーにて測定し、コントロールの細胞生存数を100%として、各化合物を添加した場合の細胞生存率を算出した。また、HSC4の細胞生存率とOSC19の細胞生存率の比を算出することで化合物のOSC19選択性の評価を行った。
図4において、各化合物を添加した培地で培養したOSC19およびHSC4の細胞生存率を示す。図5は、OSC19の細胞生存率に対するHSC4の細胞生存率の比を示したものである。このように、ここで調べた表1の化合物は全て、HSC4に対するより、OSC19に対して、細胞増殖抑制効果が高い。
本実験例では、US077(ピモジド)の細胞増殖阻害効果を示す。
US077(ピモジド)を添加した培地においてOSC19およびHSC4を培養した場合の、細胞生存率を調べた。陽性対照として、CD44v陽性の癌細胞に対して選択的に抑制効果を有することが確認されているスルファサラジン(Cancer Cell. 2011 Mar 8;19(3):387-400参照)を添加した培地においても、OSC19およびHSC4を培養し、細胞生存率を調べた。
比腫瘍体積=測定日の腫瘍体積/投与開始日の腫瘍体積
腫瘍体積の統計解析は、Two-way ANOVAにより行った。また、治療実験終了後に腫瘍を取り出し、その腫瘍重量を測定した。腫瘍重量の統計解析はt検定を行った。結果を図9および10に示す。
図7および図8はそれぞれ、OSC19およびHSC4のピモジド又はスルファサラジン投与量に対する細胞生存率を示す。図7が示すように、OSC19はHSC4と比べてピモジドに高い感受性を示す。また、図8が示すように、OSC19はHSC4と比べてスルファサラジンにも高い感受性を示したが、ピモジドは、スルファサラジンよりも低濃度で細胞増殖阻害効果を有する。
本実験例では、US077(ピモジド)の細胞内活性酸素蓄積誘導効果を示す。
24ウエルのガラス底プレートにOSC19とHSC4をそれぞれ1×105個/ウエルで播種し、翌日、ピモジドを0μM(添加せず)、1μM、3μM、10μM、または、スルファサラジンを300μMとなるように添加した。その後、24時間培養し、H2DCFDAによる細胞内活性酸素種の染色を行い、蛍光顕微鏡を用いて観察した。
図11は、ピモジドを1、3、10μMとなるように又はスルファサラジンを300μMとなるように投与した培地で培養したOSC19およびHSC4の蛍光顕微鏡写真を示す。図に示されるように、ピモジドは、スルファサラジンと同様にOSC19に選択的に細胞内活性酸素蓄積誘導効果を有するが、スルファサラジンと比べて非常に低濃度で、極めて高い細胞内活性酸素蓄積誘導効果を有する。
次に、セルチンドールの細胞増殖阻害効果の一例を示す。
OSC19細胞は3000個/ウエル、HSC4は2000個/ウエルで96ウエルプレート上に播種し、培養を開始した。培養2日目に、セルチンドールを0μM(添加せず)、0.19μM、0.56μM、1.67μM、5.00μM、15.00μM、又は、45.00μMとなるように添加した。その後72時間培養した後にCelltiter-Glo(登録商標)(Luminescent Cell Viability Assay: Promega社)を用いて生存細胞数を測定し、培養初日の細胞数に対する生存細胞数の比を細胞生存率として算出した。
図12は培地中に添加したセルチンドール濃度に対する細胞生存率を示す。図で示されるように、OSC19はHSC4に比べて非常に低濃度のセルチンドールの添加により細胞増殖が抑制された。
次に、セルチンドールの活性酸素蓄積誘導効果を調べた。
24ウエルのガラス底プレートにOSC19細胞を1×105個/ウエルで播種し、培養を開始した。培養2日目に、セルチンドールを0.1μM、1μM、10μMとなるように、または、スルファサラジンを300μMとなるように添加した。なお、コントロールとしてDMSOを添加した。その後24時間培養し、細胞に活性酸素種により酸化され蛍光を発する酸化還元蛍光指示薬である2',7'-ジクロロジハイドロフルオレッセインジアセテート(H2DCFDA)および細胞の核を染色するHoechst33342を添加した。Hoechst33342により染色された細胞の数に対するH2DCFDAにより染色された細胞の数の比を算出した。結果を図13に示す。
図13が示すとおり、セルチンドールを10μMとなるように添加した場合には、その30倍もの濃度のスルファサラジンを添加した場合よりも細胞内のROSレベルが高かった。
本実施例では、細胞増殖阻害効果について、ピモジドとスルファサラジンの併用効果を調べた。
口腔扁平上皮癌細胞株OSC19を3000個/ウエルにて96ウエルプレートに播種し、翌日にピモジドを0μM(添加せず、DMSOのみ)、1μM、2μM、3μM、および、スルファサラジンを0μM(添加せず、DMSOのみ)、10μM、50μM、100μM、150μM、200μMの組み合わせとなるように添加した。その後72時間培養し、CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assayキット(Promega社)を使用して細胞生存率を測定した。各濃度におけるピモジドとスルファサラジンの効果を図14のグラフに示した。
図14に示すように、ピモジドとスルファサラジンの併用では、それらの相乗効果が観察された。一例として、ピモジド2μMでの細胞の致死率が約40%、スルファサラジン150μMでの致死率が約30%であるのに、これらの併用では、細胞致死率は90%以上に達する。
Claims (11)
- 前記がん幹細胞がCD44vを発現している、請求項1に記載のがん幹細胞の増殖抑制剤。
- 前記がん幹細胞は固形がんに含まれている、請求項1または2に記載のがん幹細胞の増殖抑制剤。
- 抗がん剤と併用して投与される、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のがん幹細胞の増殖抑制剤。
- 前記抗がん剤がスルファサラジンである、請求項4に記載のがん幹細胞の増殖抑制剤。
- 前記がん幹細胞がCD44vを発現している、請求項6に記載のがん幹細胞内活性酸素蓄積誘導剤。
- 前記がん幹細胞は固形がんに含まれている、請求項6または7に記載のがん幹細胞内活性酸素蓄積誘導剤。
- 抗がん剤と併用して投与される、請求項6~8のいずれか1項に記載のがん幹細胞内活性酸素蓄積誘導剤。
- 前記抗がん剤がスルファサラジンである、請求項9に記載のがん幹細胞内活性酸素蓄積誘導剤。
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US11365390B2 (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2022-06-21 | Xcell Biosciences, Inc. | Methods of modulating cell phenotype by way of regulating the gaseous environment |
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