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WO2015103716A1 - System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products - Google Patents

System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015103716A1
WO2015103716A1 PCT/CL2015/000001 CL2015000001W WO2015103716A1 WO 2015103716 A1 WO2015103716 A1 WO 2015103716A1 CL 2015000001 W CL2015000001 W CL 2015000001W WO 2015103716 A1 WO2015103716 A1 WO 2015103716A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
applying
fumigation
phosphines
agricultural products
products according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CL2015/000001
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2015103716A4 (en
Inventor
Luis lldefonso VALDERRAMA COLLAO
Andreas Baumgart
Original Assignee
Degesch De Chile Ltda
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Degesch De Chile Ltda filed Critical Degesch De Chile Ltda
Publication of WO2015103716A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015103716A1/en
Publication of WO2015103716A4 publication Critical patent/WO2015103716A4/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M13/00—Fumigators; Apparatus for distributing gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M17/00—Apparatus for the destruction of vermin in soil or in foodstuffs
    • A01M17/008—Destruction of vermin in foodstuffs

Definitions

  • the present invention patent application is directed to a system for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products. Specifically, it is directed to a system for the application of phosphines from solid fumigant plates based on Magnesium Phosphide to combat pests of products stored in large warehouses or warehouses.
  • the system is especially useful for the control of stored grains, tobacco, spices, feed (animal feed concentrates), dehydrated fruit (plums, raisins, carozos), cocoa beans and fresh fruit.
  • Phosphine (formula PH 3 ) has been used for over 50 years for antiparasitic control and for antiparasitic prophylaxis in the protection of reserves, especially feed and food.
  • Phosphine has some remarkable characteristics that are of great importance for modern antiparasitic control.
  • phosphine is very poorly soluble in water, oil and fats and is hardly absorbed by most food.
  • phosphine Since phosphine is generally very poorly soluble and has a specific weight similar to air, it can be distributed homogeneously in department stores.
  • phosphine If ventilated after a treatment, by ultraviolet radiation in the presence of In air, phosphine oxidizes rapidly forming phosphoric acid, so that no polluting compounds are produced for the environment.
  • phosphines from plates has been used for many years by the holder of the present invention. This is how the product called Degesch Plate is well known in the market, which in the presence of humidity and room temperature hydrolyzes and releases phosphine, poisonous gas. The distribution of the plate should allow adequate hydrolysis of the product to release the amount of fumigant needed to control the pests.
  • phosphine generator that aims to generate pure phosphines in high concentrations. It is based on a mixture of air, CO2 and phosphines, which are not obtained from plates. This allows from the first minute to work in lethal concentrations for insects.
  • This equipment has the limitation that it is useful only in small cameras of 200 m 3 . Therefore, the need arises to have a system that allows fumigation with large volume pure phosphines.
  • This equipment allows to grant an optimum temperature range to the Degesch Plate product for its hydrolysis reaction, in order to fumigate various structures with phosphine gas. It consists of an aluminum box, subdivided into three general modules, and a phosphine gas drive system generated inside it that joins 2 modules (application of the fumigant and heat generator), which consist of:
  • Control module (Photo N ° 2A.d).
  • phosphine gas corrodes soft metals, such as silver, bronze, copper and their alloys (Brigham, 1998), which are present in countless parts and electrical circuits of the constituent equipment of the team.
  • the corrosion of the electrical elements constituting the equipment is of attention, not only because of the malfunction that could generate in the equipment, but also because they could be transformed into a source of sparks that could favor the combustion of the phosphine gas present inside.
  • the above added to the low tightness of the cover of the application module, not sufficient for gases, favors losses (leaks) from it.
  • a unique problem is represented by the limited insufflation capacities that the fan possesses, it was observed in some fumigation structures, the zero homogenization of the applied phosphine gas, apparently producing an over concentration of phosphine gas inside the application module that favors leaks and that could self-inflame.
  • the invention comes to solve the problems described above by means of an inter-modular fumigation system, with continuous recirculation, to be used with a plate fumigant product, preferably the "Degesch" plate.
  • the system of the invention makes it possible to accelerate the hydrolysis reaction of the plate fumigant in a safe way, to efficiently conduct gaseous phosphine in various fumigation structures and exists in 3 models or versions, which differ from each other, by their different capacities to contain different plate quantities ranging from 50 to more than 200, unlike prior art equipment that only reached 12 plates with the aforementioned problems.
  • Table No. 1 The system of the invention makes it possible to accelerate the hydrolysis reaction of the plate fumigant in a safe way, to efficiently conduct gaseous phosphine in various fumigation structures and exists in 3 models or versions, which differ from each other, by their different capacities to contain different plate quantities ranging from 50 to more than 200, unlike prior art equipment that only reached 12 plates with the aforementioned problems. Table No. 1.
  • Figure 1 (Prior Art): Figure 1A shows a photo of the prior art equipment and Figure 1 B shows the application module on plates.
  • Figure 2 (Prior Art): Gas conduction module of current equipment, operating under positive pressure.
  • Figure 3 corresponds to a sectional elevation showing the system of the invention.
  • Figure 4 corresponds to a profile view showing the system of the invention.
  • Figure 5 corresponds to a plan view showing the system of the invention.
  • Figure 6 corresponds to a perspective view showing the hermetic reaction box.
  • Figure 7 corresponds to an explosive isometric view showing the fumigant application module.
  • Figure 8 corresponds to an explosive isometric view showing the elements that make up the system of the invention.
  • the pure phosphine application system through plates is composed of an independent modular control system, a fumigant application mode (6), a safety device (8) related to the fumigant application module and a generator module heat (9).
  • the system has a means of transport (5) that makes it mobile and movable to any point where you want to apply the phosphines.
  • the system comprises a fumigant application module (6) arranged in an airtight reaction box (1) within which the plates (7) that comprise the chemical elements that will produce the pure phosphines are arranged.
  • the modular independent control system (10) which is composed of electrical and electronic devices plus a data processor (11), which are physically completely independent of the conduits through which Phosphine gas is conducted.
  • the hermetic reaction box (1) has an aeration gate (3) designed to evacuate the phosphine gases that remain inside it once the application is finished.
  • the application module includes a motor-blower (2) that, unlike prior art equipment (which worked by insufflation), exerts suction inside the fumigant application module, generating in this a negative pressure that practically nullifies the possibilities of Phosphine gas leak.
  • a motor-blower (2) that, unlike prior art equipment (which worked by insufflation), exerts suction inside the fumigant application module, generating in this a negative pressure that practically nullifies the possibilities of Phosphine gas leak.
  • the phosphine generated inside the equipment reaction chamber is "aspirated” and conducted from said module to the outlet duct causing the injection of phosphine gas into the chamber or fumigation structure to which it is The system is previously connected.
  • the motor-blower (2) is connected to the hermetic reaction box (1) by means of pipes (4) so that the motor-blower (2) can be easily replaced in case of breakdowns or end of its useful life .
  • motor-blower (2) allows to overcome static pressures (loss of load) from 30 - 52 "H 2 0, greatly favoring the homogenization of the phosphine gas in the structures to be fumigated and minimizing the possibilities of over concentration inside the application module
  • the safety device that has been incorporated into the system of the invention consists of a flow sensor and is aimed at canceling the possibilities of self combustion of phosphine gas generated inside.
  • the flow sensor in the phosphine gas outlet duct of the equipment allows, in the event of any possible blockage of the motor-blower blade by physical agents, to cancel the flow inside the application module.
  • the opening of a solenoid valve is ordered in order to facilitate the evacuation of phosphine gas by free diffusion to the medium, thus avoiding over-concentration inside.
  • the invention system also contemplates a large capacity battery bank that performs the function of supporting the motor-blower in the event of a power cut. This allows the continuity of its operation for five or more hours and also to the independent modular control system.
  • the system also includes a data transmission device or wireless intercom, in the Wifi and cellular modalities, which allows to send an alarm message, previously programmed before the start of an event of failure or power failure. This makes it possible to leave the team waiting autonomously and remotely, requiring the presence of technical personnel only at the beginning and at the end of the application of the fumigant or in the event of a failure.
  • the heat generator module consists mainly of heating resistors anti-spark and thermodynamics. This heat generator module is arranged in the base of the application module.
  • anti-spark heating resistors allows a perfect tightness of the same making the possibility of corrosion void due to the fact that its parts are not exposed to corrosion of phosphine gas.
  • the arrangement of the heating resistors at the base of the application module is based on one of the principles of thermodynamics that indicate that heat tends to rise easily, generating uniform heat within the application module.
  • the greater volumetric capacity of application of the system is due to the greater volume of the fumigant application module and its configuration in the arrangement of the plates inside the application module, aided by an application basket that is arranged inside, which allows to have a greater number of plates inside.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for applying phosphines from solid fumigation sheets based on magnesium phosphide in order to combat the pests of the products stored in large storehouses or warehouses. The system is particularly useful for managing stored grain, tobacco, spices, feed (animal feed concentrates), dried fruit (plums, raisins, drupes), cocoa beans, and fresh fruit. The system comprises an independent modular control system, a fumigant application means, safety devices related to the fumigant application means, and a heat-generating module.

Description

SISTEMA PARA APLICAR FOSFINAS UTILIZADAS EN LA FUMIGACION DE PRODUCTOS AGRICOLAS  SYSTEM FOR APPLYING PHOSPHINES USED IN THE FUMIGATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION
La presente solicitud de patente de invención se dirige a un sistema para aplicar fosfinas utilizadas en la fumigación de productos agrícolas. Específicamente se dirige a un sistema para la aplicación de fosfinas a partir de placas fumigante sólido a base de Fosfuro de Magnesio para combatir plagas de los productos almacenados en grandes bodegas o almacenes. El sistema es especialmente útil para el control de los granos almacenados, tabaco, especias, piensos (concentrados de alimentación animal), fruta deshidratada (ciruelas, pasas, carozos), cacao en granos y fruta fresca. The present invention patent application is directed to a system for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products. Specifically, it is directed to a system for the application of phosphines from solid fumigant plates based on Magnesium Phosphide to combat pests of products stored in large warehouses or warehouses. The system is especially useful for the control of stored grains, tobacco, spices, feed (animal feed concentrates), dehydrated fruit (plums, raisins, carozos), cocoa beans and fresh fruit.
ARTE PREVIO PRIOR ART
La fosfina (fórmula PH3) se usa desde hace más de 50 años para la lucha antiparasitaria y para la profilaxis antiparasitaria en la protección de reservas, especialmente de piensos y víveres. Phosphine (formula PH 3 ) has been used for over 50 years for antiparasitic control and for antiparasitic prophylaxis in the protection of reserves, especially feed and food.
La fosfina presenta algunas características destacables que son de gran importancia para la lucha antiparasitaria moderna. Phosphine has some remarkable characteristics that are of great importance for modern antiparasitic control.
Así, por ejemplo, la fosfina es muy poco soluble en agua, aceite y grasas y apenas es absorbida por la mayoría de los víveres. Thus, for example, phosphine is very poorly soluble in water, oil and fats and is hardly absorbed by most food.
Tampoco reacciona con los víveres tratados, de modo que después del tratamiento éstos no contienen apenas residuos. Nor does it react with the treated food, so that after treatment they contain hardly any residues.
Dado que la fosfina, generalmente, es muy poco soluble y tiene un peso específico similar al aire, se puede distribuir homogéneamente en grandes almacenes. Since phosphine is generally very poorly soluble and has a specific weight similar to air, it can be distributed homogeneously in department stores.
Si se ventila después de un tratamiento, por la radiación ultravioleta en presencia de aire, la fosfina se oxida rápidamente formando ácido fosfórico, de forma que no se producen compuestos contaminantes para el medio ambiente. If ventilated after a treatment, by ultraviolet radiation in the presence of In air, phosphine oxidizes rapidly forming phosphoric acid, so that no polluting compounds are produced for the environment.
La aplicación de fosfinas a partir de placas se ha utilizado por muchos años por el titular de la presente invención. Es así como es bien conocido en el mercado el producto denominado Placa Degesch, la cual en presencia de humedad y temperatura ambiente se hidroliza y libera fosfina, gas venenoso. La distribución de la placa debe permitir una hidrólisis adecuada del producto para liberar la cantidad de fumigante necesaria para controlar las plagas. The application of phosphines from plates has been used for many years by the holder of the present invention. This is how the product called Degesch Plate is well known in the market, which in the presence of humidity and room temperature hydrolyzes and releases phosphine, poisonous gas. The distribution of the plate should allow adequate hydrolysis of the product to release the amount of fumigant needed to control the pests.
La manera tradicional de aplicar fosfinas en placas es a través de un generador de fosfinas que tiene por finalidad generar fosfinas puras en altas concentraciones. Se basa en una mezcla de aire, CO2 y fosfinas, las cuales no se obtienen a partir de placas. Esto permite que a partir del primer minuto se trabaje en concentraciones letales para los insectos. The traditional way to apply phosphins in plates is through a phosphine generator that aims to generate pure phosphines in high concentrations. It is based on a mixture of air, CO2 and phosphines, which are not obtained from plates. This allows from the first minute to work in lethal concentrations for insects.
No obstante, este equipo tiene la limitación de que es útil sólo en cámaras de tamaño pequeño de 200 m3. Por lo tanto, surge la necesidad de contar con un sistema que permita fumigar con fosfinas puras grandes volúmenes. Este equipo permite otorgar un rango de températura óptima al producto Placa Degesch para su reacción de hidrólisis, con el objeto de fumigar diversas estructuras con gas fosfina. Consta de una caja de aluminio, subdividida en tres módulos generales, y un sistema de impulsión del gas fosfina generado en su interior y que une 2 módulos (aplicación del fumigante y generador de calor), que constan de: However, this equipment has the limitation that it is useful only in small cameras of 200 m 3 . Therefore, the need arises to have a system that allows fumigation with large volume pure phosphines. This equipment allows to grant an optimum temperature range to the Degesch Plate product for its hydrolysis reaction, in order to fumigate various structures with phosphine gas. It consists of an aluminum box, subdivided into three general modules, and a phosphine gas drive system generated inside it that joins 2 modules (application of the fumigant and heat generator), which consist of:
a. Módulo de aplicación del fumigante Placa Degesch (Foto N° 2A.a y 2B).  to. Application module of the Degesch Plate fumigant (Photo No. 2A.a and 2B).
b. Módulo Generador de Calor (Foto N° 2A.b).  b. Heat Generator Module (Photo N ° 2A.b).
c. Sistema de impulsión de gases (une el módulo A - módulo B, Foto N° 2A.c).  C. Gas delivery system (links module A - module B, Photo No. 2A.c).
d. Módulo de control (Foto N° 2A.d).  d. Control module (Photo N ° 2A.d).
No obstante ser un buen equipo para la aplicación de fosfinas en volúmenes reducidos, este equipo del arte previo ha mostrado las siguientes desventajas después de un tiempo de funcionamiento: Despite being a good equipment for the application of phosphines in reduced volumes, this prior art equipment has shown the following disadvantages after a running time:
a. Efectos corrosivos en sistemas eléctricos constitutivos del equipo b. Fugas generalizadas de gas fosfina a partir del módulo de aplicación. to. Corrosive effects in electrical systems constituting the equipment b. Generalized leaks of phosphine gas from the application module.
c. Limitación en el flujo de gases, al exponerlo a sistemas de conducción de gases de alta pérdida de carga (poca fuerza del ventilador de impulsión).  C. Limitation in the flow of gases, when exposed to high pressure loss gas conduction systems (low force of the impulse fan).
d. Capacidad volumétrica limitada de aplicación.  d. Limited volumetric application capacity.
Respecto a los efectos corrosivos, es sabido que el gas fosfina corroe a los metales blandos, tales como plata, bronce, cobre y sus aleaciones (Brigham, 1998), que están presentes en un sinnúmero de partes y circuitos eléctricos de los equipamientos constitutivos del equipo. Regarding corrosive effects, it is known that phosphine gas corrodes soft metals, such as silver, bronze, copper and their alloys (Brigham, 1998), which are present in countless parts and electrical circuits of the constituent equipment of the team.
Lo anterior, se explica, por la acumulación de gas fosfina al interior de la caja el equipo resultante de las fugas desde su módulo de aplicación que no es perfectamente hermético y principalmente, porque como método de impulsión del gas fosfina generado en su interior, utiliza el método del insuflado, sometiendo al módulo de aplicación a una presión positiva que facilita las fugas desde el sistema (Figura N° 3). Estas fugas se concentran cuando la contratapa del equipo se cierra para la operación. This is explained by the accumulation of phosphine gas inside the box the equipment resulting from the leaks from its application module that is not perfectly hermetic and mainly, because as a method of driving the phosphine gas generated inside it, it uses the insufflation method, subjecting the application module to a positive pressure that facilitates leaks from the system (Figure N ° 3). These leaks are concentrated when the equipment back cover is closed for operation.
La corrosión de los elementos eléctricos constitutivos del equipo es de atención, no sólo por el mal funcionamiento que pudiesen generar en el equipo, sino que también porque podrían transformarse en una fuente de chispas que pudiesen favorecer la combustión del gas fosfina presente en su interior. Lo anterior, sumado a la baja hermeticidad de la tapa del módulo de aplicación, no suficiente para gases, favorece las pérdidas (fugas) desde éste. Un singular problema lo representa las limitadas capacidades de insuflado que posee el ventilador, se observó en algunas estructuras de fumigación, la nula homogeneización del gas fosfina aplicado, produciéndose, aparentemente, una sobre concentración de gas fosfina al interior del módulo de aplicación que favorece las fugas y que podría auto-inflamar. The corrosion of the electrical elements constituting the equipment is of attention, not only because of the malfunction that could generate in the equipment, but also because they could be transformed into a source of sparks that could favor the combustion of the phosphine gas present inside. The above, added to the low tightness of the cover of the application module, not sufficient for gases, favors losses (leaks) from it. A unique problem is represented by the limited insufflation capacities that the fan possesses, it was observed in some fumigation structures, the zero homogenization of the applied phosphine gas, apparently producing an over concentration of phosphine gas inside the application module that favors leaks and that could self-inflame.
El mismo efecto puede extrapolarse para el funcionamiento del ventilador de emergencia, cuya función es permitir la evacuación del gas fosfina desde el módulo de aplicación, ante cualquier evento de corte de suministro eléctrico, pero que al verse enfrentado a sistemas de conducción de gas fosfina de alta pérdida de carga, deja de cumplir su función, permitiendo la sobre-concentración del gas. The same effect can be extrapolated for the operation of the emergency fan, whose function is to allow the evacuation of phosphine gas from the application module, in the event of any power failure, but when seen Faced with high load loss phosphine gas conduction systems, it ceases to fulfill its function, allowing gas over-concentration.
La invención viene en solucionar los problemas antes descritos mediante un sistema de fumigación inter-modular, con recirculación continua, para ser utilizado con un producto fumigante en placa, preferentemente la placa "Degesch". The invention comes to solve the problems described above by means of an inter-modular fumigation system, with continuous recirculation, to be used with a plate fumigant product, preferably the "Degesch" plate.
El sistema de la invención permite acelerar la reacción de hidrólisis del fumigante en placa de manera segura, para conducir eficientemente fosfina gaseosa en diversas estructuras de fumigación y existe en 3 modelos o versiones, que se diferencian entre sí, por sus distintas capacidades para contener diferentes cantidades de placas que van desde las 50 hasta más de 200, a diferencia del equipo del arte previo que sólo alcanzaba a 12 placas con los ya mencionados problemas. Cuadro N° 1. The system of the invention makes it possible to accelerate the hydrolysis reaction of the plate fumigant in a safe way, to efficiently conduct gaseous phosphine in various fumigation structures and exists in 3 models or versions, which differ from each other, by their different capacities to contain different plate quantities ranging from 50 to more than 200, unlike prior art equipment that only reached 12 plates with the aforementioned problems. Table No. 1.
Capacidades volumétricas de aplicación del equipo del arte previo  Volumetric application capabilities of prior art equipment
Figure imgf000006_0001
Figure imgf000006_0001
BREVE DESCRIPCION DE LAS FIGURAS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Figura 1 (Arte Previo): La figura 1A muestra una foto del equipo del arte previo y la figura 1 B muestra el módulo de aplicación en placas. Figura 2 (Arte Previo): Módulo conducción de gases de equipo actual, funcionando bajo presión positiva. Figura 3: corresponde a una elevación en corte que muestra el sistema de la invención. Figura 4: corresponde a una vista de perfil que muestra el sistema de la invención. Figure 1 (Prior Art): Figure 1A shows a photo of the prior art equipment and Figure 1 B shows the application module on plates. Figure 2 (Prior Art): Gas conduction module of current equipment, operating under positive pressure. Figure 3: corresponds to a sectional elevation showing the system of the invention. Figure 4: corresponds to a profile view showing the system of the invention.
Figura 5: corresponde a una vista en planta que muestra el sistema de la invención. Figure 5: corresponds to a plan view showing the system of the invention.
Figura 6: corresponde a una vista en perspectiva que muestra la caja hermética de reacción. Figure 6: corresponds to a perspective view showing the hermetic reaction box.
Figura 7: corresponde a una vista isométrica explosiva que muestra el módulo de aplicación de fumigante. Figure 7: corresponds to an explosive isometric view showing the fumigant application module.
Figura 8: corresponde a una vista isométrica explosiva que muestra los elementos que componen el sistema de la invención.  Figure 8: corresponds to an explosive isometric view showing the elements that make up the system of the invention.
DESCRIPCION DETALLADA DE LA INVENCION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El sistema de aplicación de fosfinas puras a través de placas está compuesto por un sistema modular de control independiente, un modo de aplicación de fumigante (6), un dispositivo de seguridad (8) relacionado al módulo de aplicación de fumigante y un módulo generador de calor (9). El sistema cuenta con un medio de transporte (5) que lo hace móvil y desplazable hasta cualquier punto donde se desea aplicar las fosfinas. The pure phosphine application system through plates is composed of an independent modular control system, a fumigant application mode (6), a safety device (8) related to the fumigant application module and a generator module heat (9). The system has a means of transport (5) that makes it mobile and movable to any point where you want to apply the phosphines.
En estricto rigor el sistema comprende un módulo de aplicación del fumigante (6) dispuesto en una caja hermética de reacción (1) dentro de la cual se disponen las placas (7) que comprenden los elementos químicos que producirán las fosfinas puras. Inmediatamente al costado de dicho módulo de aplicación se dispone el sistema modular de control independiente (10) el cual está compuesto por los dispositivos eléctricos y electrónicos más un procesador de datos (11), los cuales físicamente son absolutamente independientes de los conductos por los cuales se conduce el gas fosfina. Con esto, cualquier fuga que por diversas situaciones pudiese generarse en el sistema, no se concentrará en niveles corrosivos al interior del sistema modular de control, ya que como se dijo están separados de los conductos por los cuales fluye el gas fosfina. Strictly speaking, the system comprises a fumigant application module (6) arranged in an airtight reaction box (1) within which the plates (7) that comprise the chemical elements that will produce the pure phosphines are arranged. Immediately next to said application module is the modular independent control system (10) which is composed of electrical and electronic devices plus a data processor (11), which are physically completely independent of the conduits through which Phosphine gas is conducted. With this, any leak that could be generated by various situations in the system, will not be concentrated in corrosive levels inside the modular system of control, since as stated they are separated from the conduits through which phosphine gas flows.
La caja hermética de reacción (1) posee una compuerta de aireación (3) destinada a evacuar los gases de fosfinas que quedan dentro de ella una vez que se ha terminado la aplicación. The hermetic reaction box (1) has an aeration gate (3) designed to evacuate the phosphine gases that remain inside it once the application is finished.
El módulo de aplicación contempla un moto-soplador (2) que a diferencia del equipo del arte previo (que funcionaba por insuflación), ejerce succión al interior del módulo de aplicación del fumigante, generando en este una presión negativa que prácticamente anula las posibilidades de fuga del gas fosfina. De este modo, la fosfina generada al interior de la cámara de reacción de equipo es "aspirada" y conducida desde el mencionado modulo hacia el ducto de salida provocando la inyección de gas fosfina al interior de la cámara o estructura de fumigación a la cual se encuentra previamente conectado el sistema. El moto-soplador (2) se encuentra conectado a la caja hermética de reacción (1) por medio de tuberías (4) de modo que el moto-soplador (2) pueda ser fácilmente reemplazado en caso de averías o fin de su vida útil. The application module includes a motor-blower (2) that, unlike prior art equipment (which worked by insufflation), exerts suction inside the fumigant application module, generating in this a negative pressure that practically nullifies the possibilities of Phosphine gas leak. In this way, the phosphine generated inside the equipment reaction chamber is "aspirated" and conducted from said module to the outlet duct causing the injection of phosphine gas into the chamber or fumigation structure to which it is The system is previously connected. The motor-blower (2) is connected to the hermetic reaction box (1) by means of pipes (4) so that the motor-blower (2) can be easily replaced in case of breakdowns or end of its useful life .
Adicionalmente la utilización del moto-soplador (2) permite vencer presiones estáticas (perdida de carga) desde 30 - 52"H20, favoreciendo ampliamente la homogeneización del gas fosfina en las estructuras a fumigar y minimizando las posibilidades de sobre concentración al interior del módulo de aplicación. Additionally, the use of the motor-blower (2) allows to overcome static pressures (loss of load) from 30 - 52 "H 2 0, greatly favoring the homogenization of the phosphine gas in the structures to be fumigated and minimizing the possibilities of over concentration inside the application module
El dispositivo de seguridad que se ha incorporado al sistema de la invención consiste en un sensor de flujo y está dirigido a anular las posibilidades de auto combustión del gas fosfina que se genera en su interior. The safety device that has been incorporated into the system of the invention consists of a flow sensor and is aimed at canceling the possibilities of self combustion of phosphine gas generated inside.
El sensor de flujo en el ducto de salida del gas fosfina del equipo permite que ante cualquier posible atascamiento del aspa del moto-soplador por agentes físicos, anular el flujo dentro del módulo de aplicación. Cuando se detecta la señal "no flujo" se ordena la apertura de una válvula solenoide con el fin de facilitar la evacuación del gas fosfina por libre difusión al medio, evitando así el sobre-concentración en su interior. El sistema de invención también contempla un banco de baterías de amplia capacidad que cumple la función de dar respaldo al moto-soplador ante un corte de suministro eléctrico. Esto permite la continuidad de su operación por cinco o más horas y también al sistema modular independiente de control. The flow sensor in the phosphine gas outlet duct of the equipment allows, in the event of any possible blockage of the motor-blower blade by physical agents, to cancel the flow inside the application module. When the "no flow" signal is detected, the opening of a solenoid valve is ordered in order to facilitate the evacuation of phosphine gas by free diffusion to the medium, thus avoiding over-concentration inside. The invention system also contemplates a large capacity battery bank that performs the function of supporting the motor-blower in the event of a power cut. This allows the continuity of its operation for five or more hours and also to the independent modular control system.
El sistema también comprende un dispositivo de transmisión de datos o intercomunicador inalámbrico, en las modalidades Wifi y celular, con lo cual permite enviar mensaje de alarma, previamente programados ante el inicio de un evento de falla o corte de suministro energético. Esto perite dejar al equipo esperando en forma autónoma y remota requiriendo la presencia de personal técnico solo al inicio y al término de la aplicación del fumigante o bien ante una falla. The system also includes a data transmission device or wireless intercom, in the Wifi and cellular modalities, which allows to send an alarm message, previously programmed before the start of an event of failure or power failure. This makes it possible to leave the team waiting autonomously and remotely, requiring the presence of technical personnel only at the beginning and at the end of the application of the fumigant or in the event of a failure.
El modulo generador de calor conformado principalmente por resistencias calefactoras anti-chispa y termodinámica. Este módulo generador de calor se dispone en la base del módulo de aplicación. The heat generator module consists mainly of heating resistors anti-spark and thermodynamics. This heat generator module is arranged in the base of the application module.
La utilización de resistencias calefactoras anti-chispas permite una hermeticidad perfecta de las mismas haciendo nula la posibilidad de corrosión por el hecho de no estar expuestas sus partes a corrosión del gas fosfina. The use of anti-spark heating resistors allows a perfect tightness of the same making the possibility of corrosion void due to the fact that its parts are not exposed to corrosion of phosphine gas.
La disposición de las resistencias calefactoras en la base del módulo de aplicación se basan en uno de los principios de la termodinámica que indican que el calor tiende a subir con facilidad con lo cual se genera un calor uniforme dentro del módulo de aplicación. The arrangement of the heating resistors at the base of the application module is based on one of the principles of thermodynamics that indicate that heat tends to rise easily, generating uniform heat within the application module.
Con la configuración del sistema de la invención es posible aumentar considerablemente la cantidad de fosfina a aplicar y con ello el volumen sobre el cual se hará la aplicación, tal como se ilustra en el cuadro N°2. Cuadro N° 2. With the configuration of the system of the invention it is possible to considerably increase the amount of phosphine to be applied and with it the volume on which the application will be made, as illustrated in Table No. 2. Table No. 2.
Capacidad volumétrica de diferentes dimensiones del sistema de la invención  Volumetric capacity of different dimensions of the system of the invention
Figure imgf000010_0001
Figure imgf000010_0001
La mayor capacidad volumétrica de aplicación del sistema se debe al mayor volumen del módulo de aplicación del fumigante y de su configuración en la disposición de las placas al interior módulo de aplicación, ayudadas por un canastillo de aplicación que se dispone en su interior, lo que permite disponer un mayor número de placas en su interior. The greater volumetric capacity of application of the system is due to the greater volume of the fumigant application module and its configuration in the arrangement of the plates inside the application module, aided by an application basket that is arranged inside, which allows to have a greater number of plates inside.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
Sistema para aplicar fosfinas utilizadas en la fumigación de productos agrícolas, dichas fosfinas aplicadas a partir de placas de fumigante sólido a base de Fosfuro de Magnesio para combatir plagas de los productos como granos almacenados, tabaco, especias, piensos (concentrados de alimentación animal), fruta deshidratada (ciruelas, pasas, carozos), cacao en granos y fruta fresca CARACTERIZADO porque está compuesto por un sistema modular de control independiente, un modo de aplicación de fumigante, dispositivos de seguridad relacionado al módulo de aplicación de fumigante y un módulo generador de calor, dicho sistema capaz de aplicar dichas fosfinas a dichos productos almacenados en grandes bodegas, cámaras de gran volumen o almacenes. System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products, said phosphines applied from solid fumigant plates based on Magnesium Phosphide to fight pests of products such as stored grains, tobacco, spices, feed (animal feed concentrates), dehydrated fruit (plums, raisins, carozos), cocoa beans and fresh fruit CHARACTERIZED because it is composed of a modular independent control system, a fumigant application mode, safety devices related to the fumigant application module and a generator module heat, said system capable of applying said phosphines to said products stored in large warehouses, large volume chambers or warehouses.
Sistema para aplicar fosfinas utilizadas en la fumigación de productos agrícolas de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 CARACTERIZADO porque módulo de aplicación del fumigante está compuesto por una caja hermética de reacción dentro de la cual se disponen las placas que comprenden los elementos químicos que producirán las fosfinas puras. System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products according to claim 1 CHARACTERIZED because the fumigant application module is composed of a hermetic reaction box within which the plates comprising the chemical elements that will produce the pure phosphines are arranged .
Sistema para aplicar fosfinas utilizadas en la fumigación de productos agrícolas de acuerdo a la reivindicaciones 1 y 2 CARACTERIZADO porque Inmediatamente al costado de dicho módulo de aplicación se dispone dicho sistema modular de control independiente el cual está compuesto por dispositivos eléctricos y electrónicos. System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products according to claims 1 and 2 CHARACTERIZED because Immediately next to said application module said modular independent control system is provided which is composed of electrical and electronic devices.
Sistema para aplicar fosfinas utilizadas en la fumigación de productos agrícolas de acuerdo a la reivindicación 2 CARACTERIZADO porque dicho módulo de aplicación contempla un moto-soplador que ejerce succión al interior del módulo de aplicación del fumigante. System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products according to claim 2 CHARACTERIZED in that said application module contemplates a motor-blower that exerts suction inside the fumigant application module.
5. Sistema para aplicar fosfinas utilizadas en la fumigación de productos agrícolas de acuerdo a la reivindicación 4 CARACTERIZADO porque dicho moto-soplador se encuentra conectado a dicha caja hermética por medio de tuberías. 5. System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products according to claim 4 CHARACTERIZED because said motor-blower is connected to said hermetic box by means of pipes.
6. Sistema para aplicar fosfinas utilizadas en la fumigación de productos agrícolas de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 CARACTERIZADO porque dicho dispositivo de seguridad consiste en un sensor de flujo. 6. System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products according to claim 1 CHARACTERIZED because said safety device consists of a flow sensor.
7. Sistema para aplicar fosfinas utilizadas en la fumigación de productos agrícolas de acuerdo a la reivindicación 6 CARACTERIZADO porque dicho dispositivo de seguridad está conectado a una válvula solenoide. 7. System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products according to claim 6 CHARACTERIZED because said safety device is connected to a solenoid valve.
8. Sistema para aplicar fosfinas utilizadas en la fumigación de productos agrícolas de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 CARACTERIZADO porque además comprende un banco de baterías de respaldo ante un corte del suministro eléctrico. 8. System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products according to claim 1 CHARACTERIZED because it also comprises a bank of backup batteries before a power failure.
9. Sistema para aplicar fosfinas utilizadas en la fumigación de productos agrícolas de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 CARACTERIZADO porque además comprende un dispositivo de transmisión de datos o intercomunicador inalámbrico, en las modalidades Wifi y celular. 9. System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products according to claim 1 CHARACTERIZED because it also comprises a data transmission device or wireless intercom, in the Wifi and cellular modalities.
10. Sistema para aplicar fosfinas utilizadas en la fumigación de productos agrícolas de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 CARACTERIZADO porque dicho modulo generador de calor está conformado principalmente por resistencias calefactoras anti-chispa y termodinámica, y se dispone en la base de dicho módulo de aplicación. 10. System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products according to claim 1 CHARACTERIZED in that said heat generating module is mainly formed by anti-spark and thermodynamic heating resistors, and is arranged at the base of said application module.
PCT/CL2015/000001 2014-01-09 2015-01-09 System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products WO2015103716A1 (en)

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CL2014000052A CL2014000052A1 (en) 2014-01-09 2014-01-09 System for applying phosphines used in the fumigation of agricultural products, said phosphines applied from solid fumigant plates based on magnesium phosphide to fight pests of products such as stored grains, composed of a modular independent control system, a mode of fumigant application, safety devices related to the fumigant application module.

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JPH0213341A (en) * 1988-06-30 1990-01-17 C Container-Zu Japan Kk System for fumigating cargo in container for transportation thereof
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