WO2015098473A1 - 自動分析装置及び分析方法 - Google Patents
自動分析装置及び分析方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015098473A1 WO2015098473A1 PCT/JP2014/082382 JP2014082382W WO2015098473A1 WO 2015098473 A1 WO2015098473 A1 WO 2015098473A1 JP 2014082382 W JP2014082382 W JP 2014082382W WO 2015098473 A1 WO2015098473 A1 WO 2015098473A1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/86—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving blood coagulating time or factors, or their receptors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
- G01N35/00722—Communications; Identification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
- G01N35/1065—Multiple transfer devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
- G01N35/00594—Quality control, including calibration or testing of components of the analyser
- G01N35/00693—Calibration
- G01N2035/00702—Curve-fitting; Parameter matching; Calibration constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
- G01N35/00722—Communications; Identification
- G01N35/00732—Identification of carriers, materials or components in automatic analysers
- G01N2035/00821—Identification of carriers, materials or components in automatic analysers nature of coded information
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
- G01N35/00722—Communications; Identification
- G01N2035/00891—Displaying information to the operator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
- G01N35/00722—Communications; Identification
- G01N2035/00891—Displaying information to the operator
- G01N2035/009—Displaying information to the operator alarms, e.g. audible
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
- G01N35/00722—Communications; Identification
- G01N2035/00891—Displaying information to the operator
- G01N2035/0091—GUI [graphical user interfaces]
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
- G01N2035/0097—Control arrangements for automatic analysers monitoring reactions as a function of time
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
- G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
- G01N2035/0439—Rotary sample carriers, i.e. carousels
- G01N2035/0441—Rotary sample carriers, i.e. carousels for samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
- G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
- G01N2035/0439—Rotary sample carriers, i.e. carousels
- G01N2035/0443—Rotary sample carriers, i.e. carousels for reagents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
- G01N33/487—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
- G01N33/49—Blood
- G01N33/4905—Determining clotting time of blood
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
- G01N35/00594—Quality control, including calibration or testing of components of the analyser
- G01N35/00693—Calibration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
- G01N35/00722—Communications; Identification
- G01N35/00732—Identification of carriers, materials or components in automatic analysers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an automatic analyzer and analysis method for analyzing biological samples such as blood and urine, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for measuring blood coagulation time and cycle time associated with nucleic acid amplification.
- Automatic analyzers include biochemical automatic analyzers that perform quantitative and qualitative analysis of component concentrations of biological samples such as blood and urine in the fields of biochemical tests and hematology tests, and blood coagulations that measure blood clotting time.
- a standard curve is measured and a calibration curve is created.
- the operator confirms the validity of the measurement value based on the analysis result.
- the test sample (referred to as an unknown concentration sample such as a patient specimen for which an inspection order has been placed, hereinafter referred to as an unknown concentration sample) is analyzed.
- a standard curve is prepared in advance using a standard sample, and the concentration is calculated using the standard curve.
- the measurement of blood coagulation time by fibrin deposition in blood coagulation tests mainly uses electrical resistance detection method, optical detection method, mechanical method, etc.
- the mainstream is optical detection method with excellent processing ability (Detection of transmitted light, detection of scattered light), mechanical method (detection of viscosity).
- the measurement methods are different, the measurement results of the blood coagulation time are different even when analyzing the same item for the same specimen.
- the test reagent for blood coagulation time contains a component derived from a living body, the reactivity varies from lot to lot, and the measured value of the blood coagulation time varies.
- Patent Document 1 plots by assigning a predetermined standard blood clotting time and a blood clotting time of a calibration substance measured by a test system as conventional techniques related to accuracy management of sample measurement.
- a method has been proposed for converting the measured blood clotting time of a specimen into a standardized blood clotting time using the reference curve.
- a blood coagulation time measurement device or the like for example, in the measurement of APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time), the measurement result is reported in the blood coagulation time (seconds).
- the reagent status could not be reflected by redrawing the line. Therefore, it is more important to grasp the reagent state using the quality control sample.
- the freeze-dried reagent used in some items of the blood coagulation test reagent is dissolved by the user, so that even in the same lot, the reagent state varies depending on the variation in the dissolved state.
- the measurement result may vary depending on the reagent dissolution state, and in this case, it is more important to grasp the reagent state using the quality control sample.
- a nucleic acid amplification test apparatus or the like has a similar problem because there are items in which a calibration curve is not created and a measurement result is reported by the number of reaction cycles.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and by using a sample having a known blood clotting time (hereinafter referred to as a blood clotting time reference sample) to grasp the reagent state and the apparatus state, by adjusting the measurement conditions
- a sample having a known blood clotting time hereinafter referred to as a blood clotting time reference sample
- An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic analyzer and an analysis method capable of improving the reliability of measurement results.
- the present invention provides a sample container installation unit for installing a sample container containing a sample to be analyzed, a reagent container installation unit for installing a reagent container containing a reagent used for measuring the sample, A reaction container for mixing and reacting the reagent and the sample, a sample dispensing mechanism for dispensing the sample from the sample container to the reaction container, and a reagent for dispensing the reagent from the reagent container to the reaction container A dispensing mechanism, a detector for detecting a signal value related to a blood coagulation time that changes with time according to the degree of mixing reaction between the sample and the reagent, and the sample based on the detection result
- a control unit for analyzing, and the control unit creates a reaction curve obtained from a signal value that changes in time according to a mixing reaction between the blood coagulation time reference sample and the reagent, and the created reaction curve
- a signal reference value setting unit for setting a signal reference value corresponding to an expected value of the blood
- the reliability of the measurement result can be improved by grasping the reagent state using the blood coagulation time reference sample and setting an appropriate signal reference value for each reagent container.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an overall configuration of an automatic analyzer according to a first embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the time change of the scattered light amount detected by a detection unit in the mixing reaction of a sample and a reagent. It is a figure explaining the case where the blood coagulation time is calculated from the blood coagulation reaction curve in the mixing reaction of the sample and the reagent. It is a flowchart which shows the outline
- a signal reference value is set using an approximate expression with respect to a scattered light amount value corresponding to an expected value of each blood coagulation time in a sample having a plurality of concentrations.
- a signal reference value is set using an approximate expression with respect to a scattered light amount value corresponding to an expected value of each blood coagulation time in a sample having a plurality of concentrations.
- a signal reference value is set using an approximate expression with respect to a scattered light amount value corresponding to an expected value of each blood coagulation time in a sample having a plurality of concentrations.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a method for calculating blood clotting time of a blood clotting time reference sample and an unknown concentration sample in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a method for calculating blood clotting time of a blood clotting time reference sample and an unknown concentration sample in the second embodiment.
- a 2nd embodiment it is a figure explaining a method which creates a calibration curve from the relation between blood coagulation time and concentration of a blood coagulation time reference sample, and performs concentration conversion of a sample of unknown concentration.
- a 2nd embodiment it is a figure explaining a method which creates a calibration curve from the relation between blood coagulation time and concentration of a blood coagulation time reference sample, and performs concentration conversion of a sample of unknown concentration.
- 2nd Embodiment it is a figure explaining the method of re-creating a calibration curve by signal reference value setting, and performing concentration conversion of the sample of unknown concentration.
- 2nd Embodiment it is a figure explaining the method of re-creating a calibration curve by signal reference value setting, and performing concentration conversion of the sample of unknown concentration.
- 2nd Embodiment it is a figure explaining the method of re-creating a calibration curve by signal reference value setting, and performing concentration conversion of the sample of unknown concentration.
- 2nd Embodiment it is a figure explaining the method of re-creating a calibration curve by signal reference value setting, and performing concentration conversion of the sample of unknown concentration.
- 2nd Embodiment it is a figure explaining the method of re-creating a calibration curve by signal reference value setting, and performing concentration conversion of the sample of unknown concentration.
- 3rd Embodiment it is a figure explaining the daytime / day difference fluctuation
- the time from when a biological sample such as blood or urine (hereinafter simply referred to as a sample) and a reagent are mixed to when fibrin is deposited depends on the amount of change in optical change.
- a biological sample such as blood or urine (hereinafter simply referred to as a sample) and a reagent are mixed to when fibrin is deposited.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the overall configuration of the automatic analyzer according to the present embodiment.
- an automatic analyzer 100 includes a sample dispensing probe (sample dispensing mechanism) 101, a sample disk 102, a reagent dispensing probe (reagent dispensing mechanism) 106, a reagent disk 107, a reaction container stock unit 111, and a reaction container.
- the transport mechanism 112, the detection unit 113, the reaction container discarding unit 117, the operation unit 118, the storage unit 119, and the control unit 120 are roughly configured.
- the sample dispensing probe 101 sucks a sample (sample) and a blood coagulation time reference sample accommodated in a sample container (sample container) 103 disposed on a sample disk 102 that rotates clockwise and counterclockwise, and a reaction container It discharges to 104.
- the sample dispensing probe 101 performs a sample suction operation and a discharge operation by the operation of the sample syringe pump 105 controlled by the control unit 120.
- the reagent dispensing probe 106 aspirates the reagent accommodated in the reagent container 108 arranged on the reagent disk 107 and discharges it to the reaction container 104.
- the reagent dispensing probe 106 performs the reagent aspirating operation and the discharging operation by the operation of the reagent syringe pump 110 controlled by the control unit 120.
- a reagent temperature raising mechanism 109 is built in the reagent dispensing probe 106, and the temperature of the reagent sucked by the reagent dispensing probe 106 is set to an appropriate temperature (by the reagent temperature raising mechanism 109 controlled by the control unit 120). The temperature is raised to a predetermined temperature.
- the reaction container transport mechanism 112 transports and installs the reaction container 104.
- the reaction container conveyance mechanism 112 conveys and installs the reaction container 104 from the reaction container stock unit 111 to the reaction container installation unit 114 of the detection unit 113 by grasping the reaction container 104 and rotating in the horizontal direction.
- the detection unit 113 includes one or more reaction container installation parts 114 (in this embodiment, one case is shown as an example) for placing the reaction container 104, and the reaction container installation part The light intensity of the reaction vessel 104 inserted into 114 is measured. In the present embodiment, the case where one detection unit 113 is arranged is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of detection units 113 may be provided.
- the light source 115 of the detection unit 113 irradiates the reaction container 104 with light. The light emitted from the light source 115 is scattered by the reaction solution in the reaction vessel 104.
- the detection unit (light sensor) 116 includes a photodiode or the like.
- the detection unit 116 receives scattered light scattered by the reaction solution in the reaction vessel 104 and performs light / current conversion to output a photometric signal indicating the intensity of the received scattered light to the A / D converter 121. To do.
- the scattered light measurement signal A / D converted by the A / D converter 121 is input to the control unit 120 via the interface 122.
- the operation of the detection unit 113 is controlled by the control computer 120.
- the reaction container transport mechanism 112 holds the reaction container 104 for which measurement has been completed and discards it to the reaction container discarding unit 117.
- the analysis items of the sample analyzed by the automatic analyzer 100 are input from the operation unit 118 to the control unit 120 via the operation screen displayed on the keyboard 118b or the display unit 118c as input means.
- a GUI Graphic User Interface
- a pointer or the like using the mouse 118a may be used.
- the control unit 120 includes an overall control unit 120a, a measurement control unit 120b, and a signal reference value setting unit 120c.
- the overall control unit 120a controls the operation of the automatic analyzer such as the dispensing of samples and reagents, the transfer of the reaction vessel 104, and the disposal of the reaction vessel 104.
- the measurement control unit 120b measures the reaction time of the sample based on the comparison result between the light intensity (signal value) that changes with time according to the degree of the mixing reaction between the sample and the reagent and a predetermined signal reference value. The process is performed.
- the signal value in the present embodiment is the scattered light intensity
- the blood coagulation time of the sample is calculated based on the photometric signal from the detection unit 113.
- the calculated blood coagulation time is output to the display unit 118c and stored in the storage unit 119.
- the coagulation time as a calculation result may be printed out to the printer 123 via the interface 122.
- the signal reference value setting unit 120c measures the blood coagulation measured based on the comparison result between the signal reference value and the signal value (scattered light intensity) that changes with time according to the mixing reaction between the blood coagulation time reference sample and the reagent.
- a signal reference value setting process (described later) for setting a signal reference value corresponding to the expected value of the blood coagulation time determined in advance corresponding to the time is performed.
- the signal reference value in the calculation of the blood coagulation time is a ratio at which blood coagulation is determined when normalizing the reaction start with a light amount of 0 and an optical change until the end of the reaction as 100. That is, it is determined as the blood coagulation time when the amount of light exceeds a predetermined ratio (signal reference value).
- the determination signal reference value set by the signal reference value setting unit 120c and the identification information set in advance for the reagent are stored in the storage unit 119 as corresponding information.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in the amount of scattered light detected by the detection unit 113 in the mixed reaction of the sample and the reagent.
- the blood coagulation time is calculated from the blood coagulation reaction curve of the signal value measured over time by the detection unit.
- a region where the scattered light intensity E is a constant minimum value Eb is referred to as a baseline region, and a region where the scattered light intensity E is a constant maximum value Ep is referred to as a plateau region.
- the scattered light intensity in the baseline region is 0% and the scattered light intensity in the plateau region is 100%.
- the time when the ratio exceeds a predetermined ratio (signal reference value S) is defined as a blood coagulation time T.
- the blood coagulation time Ta when the lot A reagent is measured and the blood coagulation time Tb when the lot B reagent is measured will be described with reference to FIG.
- the blood coagulation reaction curve is normalized by setting the scattered light intensity in the baseline region to 0% and the scattered light intensity in the plateau region to 100%
- the blood coagulation time Tb calculated from the blood coagulation reaction curve is 32.0 seconds. This indicates that even when the same sample is measured, there is a difference in the measurement result depending on the reagent lot.
- a method of minimizing the variation in the measurement value by minimizing the difference explain.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an outline of the processing procedure of the signal reference value setting process.
- FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are diagrams for explaining a part of the procedure of the signal reference value setting process in more detail using a blood coagulation reaction curve.
- step 405 It is determined whether the measurement value of the coagulation time reference sample is within a predetermined range (S404). If it is within the predetermined range, in step 405, the current signal reference value S Local is set to be used continuously (S405). On the other hand, if it is out of the predetermined range, in step 406, the signal reference value setting unit 120c uses the reagent used for the signal reference value setting process in the reference blood coagulation time measurement device to determine the blood coagulation time reference. The fluctuation range of the blood coagulation time when the sample is measured and the expected value Te are read (step S406).
- step 407 in the blood coagulation time measurement device that is the target of signal reference value setting processing, the blood coagulation time reference sample is measured using the reagent that is the target of signal reference value setting, and the blood coagulation reaction curve is measured. (See FIG. 5) is obtained (step S407).
- step 408 the blood coagulation time calculated by applying the expected value Te of the blood coagulation time to the blood coagulation reaction curve (see FIG. 5) obtained in S407 corresponds to the expected value Te.
- the signal reference value S Local to be set is set (see FIG. 6, S408).
- step 409 the signal reference value S Local obtained in S408 is stored in the storage unit 119 as information corresponding to the reagent used in the signal reference value setting process (S409).
- the signal reference value S Local in the storage unit 119 is read and used.
- the same signal reference value S Local is used for reagents in the same lot.
- the signal reference value setting process is performed for each reagent container, and the corresponding signal reference value S Local is used. Each of the S Locals may be obtained. In this case, the reliability of the measurement result can be further improved.
- the signal reference value management method for each reagent container will be described later.
- the blood coagulation time fluctuation range and the expected value Te when the blood clotting time reference sample used in the signal reference value setting process is measured are calculated in the same manner.
- the average value or median value of the blood coagulation time calculated in the combination of the specific reagent and the blood coagulation time reference sample is set as the expected value Te, and the standard deviation or variance is given as the fluctuation range.
- the standard blood clotting time measurement device takes into account the machine differences in the specified models, or is repeatedly measured by multiple devices, or the accuracy management status of each facility is managed by the network, and the devices of multiple facilities are It is preferable to aggregate and reflect the measurement results.
- the calibration curve is not created, and the difference between devices in the item (for example, APTT: activated thromboplastin) time) that treats the calculated blood coagulation time as the measurement result is corrected.
- devices in the item for example, APTT: activated thromboplastin
- the expected value of the result measured by a predetermined apparatus can be uniquely determined as long as it is a combination of a reagent and a sample in the same lot. That is, the reagent and the blood coagulation time reference sample that are sufficiently inspected at the time of shipment can define the expected value and fluctuation range of the blood coagulation time depending on the combination of various reagents and samples.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a list display of signal reference values corresponding to a plurality of reagent containers.
- the item, reagent lot number, and lot number of the blood coagulation time reference sample are described for the reagent container 108 installed at each position of the reagent disk 107, and a unique signal reference value corresponds to each reagent container. The case where it was made to show is shown.
- the signal reference value is individually displayed. Items that have not been measured can be identified on the operation screen.
- the number of requests and the number of remaining tests are confirmed, and if a reagent bottle for which a signal reference value is not set is scheduled to be used, a warning that a signal reference value is not set is issued from the control unit 120.
- the signal reference value is not set, it is possible to set the same signal reference value as the signal reference value of another reagent container if the operator permits it.
- the APTT reagent in position 1 and position 2 has different reagent containers, but since both lots are A00001, a common signal reference value can be set for each lot. Since the lots of the PT reagents at positions 4 and 5 are different between B00001 and B00002, different signal reference values are set. However, if it is desired to set a different signal reference value even in the same lot, a signal reference value can be set in the reagent container. For example, the reagents in positions 5 and 6 have the same lot, but an example in which different signal reference values are set for each reagent container is shown.
- Positions 3 and 8 show examples in which the signal reference value is not set.
- the expected value Te and the fluctuation range of the blood coagulation time are determined based on the barcode, network, and reagent attached to the reagent.
- the operator obtains it by a method such as that described in the function book (step S406 in FIG. 4).
- the identification information such as a barcode attached to the reagent is read, and the information corresponding to the reagent is obtained via the network, so that the memory of the blood coagulation time measurement device to be subjected to the signal reference value setting process is stored.
- the data is directly captured by the unit 119, it is assumed that the operator can manually input from the operation unit 118 when direct capture is impossible.
- FIG. 9 shows an example in which a quality control sample is measured periodically.
- Mean indicates a case where an average value determined for each model is an expected value, and a fluctuation range with respect to Mean is within an allowable range of ⁇ 3SD.
- Mean and SD are preferably the results calculated by a plurality of reference devices or the results of measurement of a plurality of facilities.
- FIG. 8 shows an example in which a quality control sample is periodically measured in a blood coagulation time measuring apparatus or the like to which this embodiment is not applied. In such a case, since it is not appropriate to set the average value determined for each model to ⁇ 3SD, it is necessary to correct the average value between devices.
- the correction of the difference between devices can be executed by setting a signal reference value for calculating the blood coagulation time in the blood coagulation reaction curve for each facility and each reagent container.
- the timing of the signal reference value setting process is preferably performed for each item when a blood coagulation time reference sample is measured when a new reagent container is installed.
- the signal reference value S Local is set (steps S407 and S408 in FIG. 4).
- control unit 120 confirms the content of the measurement and assigns the sample to be used, the reagent, and the position to be measured. From the obtained measurement result, the time when the light intensity change exceeds S Local is calculated as the blood coagulation time.
- the freeze-dried reagent used in some items of the blood coagulation test reagent is dissolved by the user, so that even in the same lot, the reagent state varies depending on the variation in the dissolved state. That is, since the measurement result may vary depending on the dissolved state of the reagent, it is more important to grasp the state of the reagent by the quality control sample for each reagent container.
- a blood coagulation reaction curve that changes in time according to the mixing reaction between the blood coagulation time reference sample and the reagent is used to determine the blood coagulation time reference sample in advance. Since the signal reference value corresponding to the expected value of blood clotting time is set and the difference between devices is calibrated, it is easier to grasp the reagent status and measure using the blood clotting time reference sample The reliability of the result can be improved.
- the change in scattered light intensity is exemplified as the blood coagulation reaction curve, but in this modification, the change in transmitted light intensity is used as the blood coagulation reaction curve.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in the amount of transmitted light detected by the detection unit 113 in the sample-reagent mixing reaction in the present modification.
- the blood coagulation time is calculated from the blood coagulation reaction curve measured over time by the detection unit.
- the basic structure of the genetic testing apparatus represented by real-time PCR is the same as that of the first embodiment and this modification.
- the light intensity measured over time is replaced with fluorescence intensity, and the horizontal axis represents Indicates a cycle, and thus the present technology can be applied.
- a disease is determined by amplifying a small amount of virus or bacteria by a nucleic acid amplification method and making it detectable.
- the most common example of the nucleic acid amplification method is a PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) method.
- DNA is amplified by a factor of 2 by changing the temperature with three steps of heat denaturation, annealing, and extension as one cycle.
- a primer having a sequence complementary to the target nucleic acid can be bound to the target nucleic acid in the annealing step.
- double-stranded cDNA is synthesized by the action of DNA synthase. By repeating this cycle, the target DNA is exponentially amplified.
- the real-time PCR method is a method of detecting while amplifying DNA by measuring the fluorescence intensity using a probe to which a fluorescent dye is added during PCR, and the fluorescence intensity increases as the DNA is amplified. Is done.
- the determination of amplification in the real-time PCR method is performed by calculating a cycle (Threshold value Cycle value: Ct value) exceeding a predetermined signal reference value.
- a calibration curve is created from a relationship between Ct value and concentration in a sample having a known concentration, for example, a standard sample, and an unknown concentration sample is quantified.
- the real-time PCR method includes type determination and qualitative analysis in addition to quantitative measurement. For these items, a calibration curve is not created, and the Ct value is directly reflected in the measurement result.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a method for calculating a Ct value in the real-time PCR method, and shows an example of a PCR reaction curve when measurement is completed in 60 cycles.
- the measurement start is the first cycle
- the measurement end is the 60th cycle
- the measurement start time is 0%
- the change in the amount of fluorescence until the end is normalized to 100%
- a predetermined ratio (signal reference value)
- the number of cycles when S) is exceeded is defined as the Ct value.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a method for calculating Ct a which is the Ct value in the reagent of lot A and Ct b which is the Ct value in the reagent of lot B.
- the PCR reaction curves do not necessarily overlap.
- Ct b calculated from PCR reactions curve when measuring reagent lot B in FIG. 12 becomes 29.8.
- the variation in the measured value among lots can be reduced by using a predefined expected Ct value (Ct e ).
- Ct e is the expected value of the blood coagulation time of 4
- Ct e value is the expected value in a PCR reaction Can be applied.
- Ct e was 27.5
- lot A B of the signal reference values obtained from the PCR reaction curve of the reagent S Local_a, S Local_b respectively 12.5%
- 7. It can be set to 5%.
- the reaction is allowed to proceed at a constant temperature without a positive temperature change as in the PCR method.
- a constant temperature amplification method such as a LAMP (looped-mediate thermal amplification) method or a TRC (Transscription-reverse transcription contacted) method.
- Amplification in the constant temperature amplification method can be detected by measuring fluorescence intensity or turbidity at regular intervals simultaneously with amplification, as in real-time PCR.
- a primer that binds to the target nucleic acid, a fluorescent dye having a specific sequence, or a fluorescent dye that directly intercalates with DNA is added to detect fluorescence.
- nucleic acid amplification is performed as in the LAMP method. Some of these by-products are detected by turbidity or fluorescence. In the constant temperature amplification method, the result is often calculated by qualitative analysis, and in this case, a calibration curve may not be created. Since a time T exceeding a certain turbidity or fluorescence intensity is used instead of the Ct value, the signal reference value can be set by replacing the number of cycles in FIG.
- the analysis item for calculating the time or the number of cycles exceeding the signal reference value from the amount of change in the measured signal value is also the first implementation.
- the present invention can be applied in the same manner as the embodiment.
- a signal reference value setting method using a blood coagulation reference sample of one concentration is shown.
- a plurality of blood coagulations such as a high concentration sample and a low concentration sample having different reactivities are shown.
- the case where it measures using a time reference sample is shown.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in the amount of scattered light detected by the detection unit 113 in each of the mixing reaction of the high-concentration and low-concentration samples and reagents.
- Examples of approximation formulas include formulas obtained by linear approximation, polynomial approximation, logarithmic approximation, and exponential approximation of a plurality of calculated signal reference values (FIGS. 16, 17A to 17D). There is also a method of connecting a plurality of calculated signal reference values with a broken line and approximating each with a linear function (FIG. 17E).
- the allowable range of the signal reference value in the present embodiment is limited to a range in which the amount of light changes (a range of 0% to 100% of the amount of light), and more preferably in a range of 5% to 95%.
- the allowable range of the signal reference value S Local and the allowable range of the blood coagulation time reference sample in advance for each item the measurement result of the blood coagulation time reference sample is within the allowable range.
- a system alarm is generated and a retest is proposed or the use of the reagent can be disabled.
- step 2001 the expected value Te and fluctuation range of the blood coagulation time are obtained by a method such as reading the description of the barcode attached to the reagent, the network, and the reagent capacity book (S2001).
- a blood coagulation reaction curve is obtained by measuring a blood coagulation time reference sample in step 2002 (S2002).
- blood coagulation time T max / T min at a preset signal reference value allowable upper limit / lower limit is calculated (S2003), and in step 2004, the expected value Te of blood coagulation time is T min ⁇ Te ⁇ T. It is determined whether or not max is satisfied (S2004).
- a signal reference value S Local at which the blood coagulation time becomes Te is set in Step 2005 (S2005), and the signal reference value S Local is stored in the storage unit in Step 2006.
- S2006 By storing (S2006), it is used to calculate the blood coagulation time of the sample of unknown concentration.
- FIGS. FIG. 21 shows an example in which a signal reference value can be set.
- the signal reference value lower limit is 30%
- the signal reference value upper limit is 70%
- the expected value Te 31.5 seconds
- FIG. 22 shows an example in which the signal reference value setting fails.
- the signal reference value lower limit is 30%
- the signal reference value upper limit is 70%
- the first embodiment is applied to the validity confirmation of reagent preparation in a freeze-dried reagent.
- the measurement reagent for prothrombin time contains animal-derived tissue thromboplastin, and a lyophilized reagent is usually used to maintain stability.
- a lyophilized reagent is usually used to maintain stability.
- the dissolution of the lyophilized reagent has been performed by the hands of a laboratory technician, and there has been a problem that fluctuations in measured values due to preparation errors cannot be managed in the apparatus.
- a mechanism for dispensing the dissolved solution and a mechanism for stirring the dissolved solution are required, which leads to an increase in the size and cost of the device. there were.
- the signal reference value S Local for each reagent container can be set for each reagent container without measuring the standard sample for the reagent prepared by the same method. By setting, a measurement result can be obtained without creating a calibration curve.
- FIG. 23A is a diagram showing a method for calculating the blood coagulation time of a blood coagulation time reference sample from a preset signal reference value when the analysis item is PT
- FIG. 24A shows a calibration curve from the calculated blood coagulation time. It is explanatory drawing which showed the method to produce.
- the blood clotting time reference sample of lot B is measured using the reagent in lot A and reagent container 1, and a signal reference value S Local_1 is set (see FIG. 6).
- a blood coagulation time reference sample having three concentrations is measured in the reagent container 1, and blood coagulation times T1 to T3 calculated using the blood coagulation reaction curve and the signal reference value S Local_1 are obtained (see FIG. 23A). The obtained T1 to T3 are used to plot on a graph to create a calibration curve (see FIG. 24A).
- the blood coagulation time Tx is calculated using the signal reference value S Local_1 (FIG. 23B), Tx is applied to the calibration curve, and the sample concentration Cx of unknown concentration is calculated. Calculate (FIG. 24B).
- the remaining amount of the sample of unknown concentration in the reagent container 1 is reduced, and the analysis is performed by switching to the reagent container 2 of the same lot (lot A).
- the calibration result of the reagent container 1 is inherited without performing the calibration. It was.
- the reagent container 2 may be slightly different from the reagent container 1 due to a difference in the amount of dissolved water of the freeze-dried reagent and a difference in storage stability.
- the fluctuation range of the signal reference value is based on the premise that the measured value of the blood coagulation time reference sample calculated using the signal is an allowable predetermined range, and therefore, is outside this predetermined range.
- the signal reference value S Local should not be set for. In such a case, it is desirable to issue a system alarm according to the flowchart of FIG.
- the present embodiment it is possible to determine whether the measurement result of the blood coagulation time reference sample is within the allowable range by setting the allowable range of S Local in advance for each item. If it is out of the range, an alarm is generated, and confirmation of the reagent status and the device status can be proposed.
- the signal reference value obtained from the blood coagulation reaction curve of the blood coagulation time reference sample is within the allowable range of variation, and the creation of the calibration curve in the reagent container 2 and the calculation of the concentration of the sample of unknown concentration are shown in FIG. This will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the blood coagulation time reference sample of lot B is measured using the reagent of lot A and reagent container 2, and a signal reference value S Local_2 in reagent container 2 is set (FIG. 25A). Subsequently, as shown in FIG.
- S Local — 2 is applied in the reaction curve of the blood coagulation time reference sample with 3 concentrations to calculate blood coagulation times T1 ′, T2 ′, and T3 ′ (FIG. 25B).
- concentration of the standard sample and the obtained T1 ′, T2 ′, and T3 ′ are plotted to create a calibration curve for the reagent container 2 (FIG. 25C).
- the blood coagulation reaction curve of the sample of unknown concentration is obtained as the blood coagulation reaction curve (a) in FIG. 25D
- the blood coagulation time Tx obtained using S Local — 2 is applied to the calibration curve created in FIG. 25C.
- the concentration Cx of the sample having an unknown concentration is calculated (see FIG. 25E).
- the calibration curve provided by the reagent manufacturer is a calibration curve created based on the results of measurement with a well-tested reagent and a sample with a known concentration, and it is not necessary to perform calibration in the facility. While it is possible to reduce the burden on the user and the running cost, it is often considered that an error derived from the difference between the devices often leads to an error in the measurement result. However, even in this case, an accurate measurement result can be obtained without creating a new calibration curve at the facility by setting the signal reference value according to the procedure of FIGS. 25 to 26 and reducing the difference between devices. it can.
- the signal reference value setting process in the first embodiment is performed by reflecting the deterioration state of the reagent and the state of the apparatus (change in the amount of light, etc.).
- FIG. 26 is an explanatory view showing the daily fluctuation of the measurement result of the quality control sample when the analysis item is PT.
- the automatic analyzer performs measurement using a sample with a known concentration periodically, for example, a quality control sample, and performs calibration when the fluctuation range of the expected value determined using a specific lot and sample is not met.
- the method of correcting by this is common. For example, as shown in FIG. 26, regarding the accuracy management of PT, the accuracy management is periodically performed to check the state of the reagent. When the measurement result is out of the fluctuation range 3SD, calibration is performed. However, this operation increases the cost of reagents, standard samples, and consumables. Therefore, by resetting the signal reference value for calculating the blood coagulation time, the same effect as that obtained by performing calibration can be obtained without actually measuring a standard sample.
- the reagent used in this case may be a lyophilized product or a liquid reagent.
- the signal reference value in the blood coagulation reaction curve can be varied, that is, the range where the light intensity is greater than 0% and less than 100%, that is, the range excluding the above-described baseline region and plateau region. If the calculated blood coagulation time deviates significantly from the allowable range, an alarm is output. Further, the resetting of the signal reference value can be automatically performed, or the operator can determine whether or not to reset the signal reference value. In this way, it is possible to achieve the same effect as re-creating a calibration curve without measuring a standard sample, contributing to a reduction in running costs for inspection and providing reliable results. it can.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の第1の実施の形態を図面を参照しつつ説明する。
本発明の第1の実施の形態の変形例について説明する。
本発明の第1の実施の形態のその他の変形例について説明する。
本発明の第2の実施の形態を図面を参照しつつ説明する。
本発明の第3の実施の形態を図面を参照しつつ説明する。
101 サンプル分注プローブ(試料分注機構)
102 サンプルディスク
103 サンプル容器(試料容器)
104 反応容器
105 サンプル用シリンジポンプ
106 試薬分注プローブ(試薬分注機構)
107 試薬ディスク
108 試薬容器
109 試薬昇温機構
110 試薬用シリンジポンプ
111 反応容器ストック部
112 反応容器搬送機構
113 検出ユニット
114 反応容器設置部
115 光源
116 検出部(光センサ)
117 反応容器廃棄部
118 操作部
119 記憶部
120 制御部
120a 全体制御部
120b 測定制御部
120c シグナル基準値設定制御部
121 A/D変換器
122 インタフェース
123 プリンタ
Claims (16)
- 分析対象の試料を収容した試料容器を設置する試料容器設置部と、
前記試料の測定に用いる試薬を収容した試薬容器を設置する試薬容器設置部と、
前記試薬と前記試料とを混合反応させる反応容器と、
前記試料容器から前記反応容器に前記試料を分注する試料分注機構と、
前記試薬容器から前記反応容器に前記試薬を分注する試薬分注機構と、
前記試料と前記試薬との混合反応の程度に応じた時間の経過とともに変化する血液凝固時間に関わるシグナル値を検出する検出器と、
当該検出の結果に基づいて、前記試料を分析する制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、
既知の血液凝固時間を有する血液凝固時間基準試料と前記試薬との混合反応に応じて時間変化するシグナル値から得られる反応曲線を作成し、当該作成された反応曲線において、前記血液凝固時間基準試料に対応して予め定められた血液凝固時間の期待値に相当するシグナル基準値を設定するシグナル基準値設定部と、
当該設定されたシグナル基準値、及び前記試薬に予め設定された識別情報とを対応させて記憶する記憶部と、
当該記憶されたシグナル基準値を用いて、前記試料の血液凝固時間を求める処理部と
を有することを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 請求項1に記載の自動分析装置において、
前記シグナル値は、透過光量、散乱光量、蛍光光量、濁度の何れかであることを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 請求項1に記載の自動分析装置において、
前記制御部は、前記シグナル基準値を試薬容器毎に設定することを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 請求項3に記載の自動分析装置において、
前記制御部は、当該試薬容器毎のシグナル基準値の設定状況を表示部に表示し、未設定の場合には警告を表示することを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 請求項1に記載の自動分析装置において、
前記制御部は、シグナル基準値の設定可能な範囲を項目毎に設定することを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 請求項5に記載の自動分析装置において、
前記シグナル基準値設定部は、
予め定められた反応時間の期待値が、当該シグナル基準値の設定可能な範囲内か否かを判定し、
当該シグナル基準値の設定可能な範囲外の場合には、システムアラームを発行することを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 請求項1に記載の自動分析装置において、
前記シグナル基準値設定部は、一濃度の前記血液凝固時間基準試料の反応曲線に基づいて、前記試料の濃度に依らず一定のシグナル基準値を求めることを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 請求項1に記載の自動分析装置において、
前記シグナル基準値設定部は、複数濃度の前記血液凝固時間基準試料の反応曲線に基づいて、前記試料の濃度に依らず一定のシグナル基準値を設定することを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 請求項1に記載の自動分析装置において、
前記シグナル基準値設定部は、複数濃度の既知濃度の試料の反応曲線に基づいて複数のシグナル基準値を設定し、当該設定された複数のシグナル基準値と前記血液凝固時間の関係から近似式を求め、前記試料の濃度に応じて異なるシグナル基準値関数を設定することを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 請求項9に記載の自動分析装置において、
前記近似式は、線形近似、多項式近似、対数近似、指数近似のいずれかの方法により作成されることを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 請求項1に記載の自動分析装置において、
前記制御部は、前記処理部において算出された血液凝固時間基準試料の血液凝固時間から検量線を作成し、当該作成された検量線に基づいて、前記試料の濃度を求めることを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 請求項11に記載の自動分析装置において、
前記制御部は、当該記憶されたシグナル基準値と、前記血液凝固時間基準試料の反応曲線とに基づいて、前記試料の血液凝固時間を求めることを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 請求項1に記載の自動分析装置において、
前記シグナル基準値設定部は、前記血液凝固基準試料の測定結果が予め定めた範囲外となった場合に、前記シグナル基準値設定処理を再び実施することを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 請求項13に記載の自動分析装置において、
前記シグナル基準値設定部は、前記シグナル基準値設定処理を実施するかどうかを設定することを特徴とする自動分析装置。 - 分析対象の試料を収容した試料容器を設置する試料容器設置部と、
前記試料の測定に用いる試薬を収容した試薬容器を設置する試薬容器設置部と、
前記試薬と前記試料とを混合反応させる反応容器と、
前記試料容器から前記反応容器に前記試料を分注する試料分注機構と、
前記試薬容器から前記反応容器に前記試薬を分注する試薬分注機構と、
前記試料と前記試薬との混合反応の程度に応じた時間の経過とともに変化する血液凝固時間に関わるシグナル値を検出する検出器と、
当該検出の結果に基づいて、前記試料を分析する制御部とを備えた自動分析装置を用いた試料の分析方法であって、
前記制御部は、
既知の血液凝固時間を有する血液凝固時間基準試料と前記試薬との混合反応に応じて時間変化するシグナル値から得られる反応曲線を作成し、当該作成された反応曲線において、前記血液凝固時間基準試料に対応して予め定められた血液凝固時間の期待値に相当するシグナル基準値を設定するシグナル基準値設定部と、
当該設定されたシグナル基準値、及び前記試薬に予め設定された識別情報とを対応させて記憶する記憶部と、
当該記憶されたシグナル基準値を用いて、前記試料の血液凝固時間を求める処理部と
を有することを特徴とする試料の分析方法。 - 分析対象の試料を収容した試料容器を設置する試料容器設置部と、
前記試料の測定に用いる試薬を収容した試薬容器を設置する試薬容器設置部と、
前記試薬と前記試料とを混合反応させる反応容器と、
前記試料容器から前記反応容器に前記試料を分注する試料分注機構と、
前記試薬容器から前記反応容器に前記試薬を分注する試薬分注機構と、
前記試料と前記試薬との混合反応の程度に応じた時間の経過とともに変化する反応サイクル数に関わるシグナル値を検出する検出器と、
当該検出の結果に基づいて、前記試料を分析する制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、既知の反応サイクル数を有する反応サイクル数基準試料と前記試薬との混合反応に応じて時間変化するシグナル値から得られる反応曲線を作成し、当該作成された反応曲線において、前記反応サイクル数基準試料に対応して予め定められた反応サイクル数の期待値に相当するシグナル基準値を設定するシグナル基準値設定部と、
当該設定されたシグナル基準値、及び前記試薬に予め設定された識別情報とを対応させて記憶する記憶部と、
当該記憶されたシグナル基準値を用いて、前記試料の血液凝固時間を求める処理部と
を有することを特徴とする自動分析装置。
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JP2017106733A (ja) * | 2015-12-07 | 2017-06-15 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | 分析装置、及び、分析方法 |
WO2017138204A1 (ja) * | 2016-02-10 | 2017-08-17 | ソニー株式会社 | 電気的特性測定用試料、電気的特性測定装置、及び電気的特性測定方法 |
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EP3088901A4 (en) | 2017-08-23 |
CN106170702A (zh) | 2016-11-30 |
CN106170702B (zh) | 2018-09-21 |
US20160274133A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
EP3088901B1 (en) | 2025-07-02 |
US10295555B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 |
EP3088901A1 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
JP6419722B2 (ja) | 2018-11-14 |
JPWO2015098473A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
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