WO2015093882A1 - 리튬 이차전지 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차전지 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015093882A1 WO2015093882A1 PCT/KR2014/012554 KR2014012554W WO2015093882A1 WO 2015093882 A1 WO2015093882 A1 WO 2015093882A1 KR 2014012554 W KR2014012554 W KR 2014012554W WO 2015093882 A1 WO2015093882 A1 WO 2015093882A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- carbonate
- secondary battery
- electrolyte
- lithium
- battery electrolyte
- Prior art date
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- -1 carbonate compound Chemical group 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 16
- BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1COC(=O)O1 BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910013188 LiBOB Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 7
- WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound O=S1OCCO1 WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000475 sulfinyl group Chemical group [*:2]S([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 5
- SJHAYVFVKRXMKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound CC1COS(=O)O1 SJHAYVFVKRXMKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N divinyl sulfone Chemical compound C=CS(=O)(=O)C=C AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010093 LiAlO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013131 LiN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013385 LiN(SO2C2F5)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013417 LiN(SO3C2F5)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical group COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- RCIJMMSZBQEWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC(C)C RCIJMMSZBQEWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008053 sultones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical group CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003901 oxalic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 6
- CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- LNLVAVLCTPBXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl) oxalate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(C(F)(F)F)OC(=O)C(=O)OC(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F LNLVAVLCTPBXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFNYICCKYQCHKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) oxalate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC(=O)C(=O)OCC(F)(F)F KFNYICCKYQCHKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1OC(=O)OC1F DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUPLCMMXKFWTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-1,3-dioxetan-2-one Chemical group C=C1OC(=O)O1 BUPLCMMXKFWTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWVGZFQJXVPIKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(methylamino)propan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCN(NC)NC SWVGZFQJXVPIKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QUBMWJKTLKIJNN-UHFFFAOYSA-B tin(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Sn+4].[Sn+4].[Sn+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QUBMWJKTLKIJNN-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery electrolyte and a lithium secondary battery containing the same, and more particularly, to a lithium secondary battery electrolyte including an oxalate derivative and a lithium secondary battery including the same.
- the battery which is a power source, is also compact, lightweight, and can be charged and discharged for a long time, and have high rate characteristics. Development is strongly demanded.
- lithium secondary batteries developed in the early 1990s have higher operating voltage and significantly higher energy density than conventional batteries such as Ni-MH, Ni-Cd, and sulfuric acid-lead batteries that use an aqueous electrolyte solution. I am in the spotlight.
- lithium secondary batteries have safety problems such as ignition and explosion due to the use of nonaqueous electrolyte, and these problems become more serious as the capacity density of the battery increases.
- the deterioration in safety of the battery generated during continuous charging is a major problem.
- One of the causes that can affect this is the heat generated by the structural collapse of the anode.
- the positive electrode active material of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery is composed of lithium-containing metal oxides capable of occluding and releasing lithium and / or lithium ions. Such a positive electrode active material is transformed into a thermally unstable structure as a large amount of lithium is released during overcharging. do.
- a method of adding an aromatic compound as a redox shuttle additive in an electrolyte is used to control the ignition or explosion caused by the temperature rise inside the battery as described above.
- Japanese Patent JP2002-260725 discloses a non-aqueous lithium ion battery that can prevent an overcharge current and consequent thermal runaway by using an aromatic compound such as biphenyl.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,879,834 also adds a small amount of aromatic compounds such as biphenyl and 3-chlorothiophene to electrochemically polymerize at abnormal overvoltage to increase internal resistance to improve battery safety. A method is described.
- the amount of biphenyl, etc. gradually decreases when the battery is locally discharged at a high temperature for a long time when the relatively high voltage is generated at a normal operating voltage. After 300 cycles of charging and discharging, there are problems in which safety cannot be guaranteed and problems in storage characteristics.
- the present invention is to provide a lithium secondary battery electrolyte having a high temperature and low temperature characteristics, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same while maintaining a good performance such as high rate charge and discharge characteristics, life characteristics.
- the present invention provides a lithium secondary battery electrolyte, the lithium secondary battery electrolyte of the present invention,
- a secondary battery electrolyte comprising: an oxalate derivative represented by Formula 1 below:
- R 1 is (C 1 -C 10) alkyl substituted with at least one fluoro
- R 2 is trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 10) alkyl, or (C 6 -C 12) ar (C 1 -C 10) alkyl, wherein the alkyl and aralkyl of R 2 are further substituted with halogen, (C 1 -C 10) alkyl Can be.)
- R 2 may be trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 5) alkyl or (C 1 -C 5) alkyl substituted with halogen.
- Formula 1 may be selected from the following structures, but is not limited thereto.
- the oxalate derivative represented by Formula 1 may be included in an amount of 1 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte.
- the electrolyte is one or two selected from the group consisting of an oxalatoborate compound, a carbonate compound substituted with fluorine, a vinylidene carbonate compound and a sulfinyl group-containing compound It may further include the above additives.
- the electrolyte is lithium difluoro oxalatoborate (LiFOB), lithium bisoxalatoborate (LiB (C 2 O 4 ) 2 , LiBOB), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), vinylene carbonate (VC), vinylethylene carbonate (VEC), divinyl sulfone, ethylene sulfite, propylene sulfite, diallyl sulfonate It may further include an additive selected from the group consisting of ethane sultone, propane sulton (PS), butane sulton, ethene sultone, butene sultone and propene sultone (PRS).
- LiFOB lithium difluoro oxalatoborate
- LiB (C 2 O 4 ) 2 LiBOB
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- VC vinylene carbonate
- VEC vinylethylene carbonate
- divinyl sulfone ethylene sulfite
- the additive may be included in 0.1% to 5.0% by weight relative to the total weight of the electrolyte.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent may be selected from a cyclic carbonate solvent, a linear carbonate solvent and a mixed solvent thereof
- the cyclic carbonate is ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate , Butylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, vinyl ethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate and mixtures thereof
- the linear carbonate is dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, methyl propyl Carbonate, methyl isopropyl carbonate, ethyl propyl carbonate and mixtures thereof.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent may be a mixed volume ratio of linear carbonate solvent: cyclic carbonate solvent 1 to 9: 1: 1.
- the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAsF 6 , LiN (SO 2 C 2 F 5 ) 2 , LiN (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN (SO 3 C 2 F 5 ) 2 , LiN (SO 2 F) 2 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiC 6 H 5 SO 3 , LiSCN, LiAlO 2 , LiAlCl 4 , LiN (C x F 2x + 1 SO 2 ) (C y F 2y + 1 SO 2 ), where x and y are natural numbers, one selected from the group consisting of LiCl, LiI and LiB (C 2 O 4 ) 2 Or two or more.
- the lithium salt may be present in a concentration of 0.1 to 2.0 M.
- the present invention provides a lithium secondary battery comprising the lithium secondary battery electrolyte.
- the lithium secondary battery electrolyte according to the present invention includes an oxalate derivative to significantly improve the swelling of the battery at a high temperature, thereby having excellent high temperature storage characteristics.
- the lithium secondary battery electrolyte according to the present invention includes an oxalate derivative having one or more fluoro-substituted functional groups, and has a high discharge capacity at a low temperature as well as a capacity recovery rate at a high temperature.
- the lithium secondary battery electrolyte according to the present invention is selected from the group consisting of an oxalate derivative represented by Formula 1 of the present invention, an oxalatoborate compound, a carbonate compound substituted with fluorine, a vinylidene carbonate compound, and a sulfinyl group-containing compound It further comprises one or more additives selected to have better life characteristics, high temperature stability and low temperature characteristics.
- the lithium secondary battery of the present invention has excellent high temperature storage stability and low temperature characteristics while maintaining the basic performance such as high efficiency charge and discharge characteristics, life characteristics, etc. by adopting the lithium secondary battery electrolyte solution of the present invention containing an oxalate derivative.
- the present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery electrolyte for providing a battery having a high discharge capacity at a low temperature while having a high temperature storage characteristic and a long life characteristic.
- the present invention is a lithium salt; Non-aqueous organic solvents; And a oxalate derivative represented by Formula 1; provides a lithium secondary battery electrolyte comprising:
- R 1 is (C 1 -C 10) alkyl substituted with at least one fluoro
- R 2 is trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 10) alkyl, or (C 6 -C 12) ar (C 1 -C 10) alkyl, wherein the alkyl and aralkyl of R 2 are further substituted with halogen or (C 1 -C 10) alkyl Can be.)
- the secondary battery electrolyte of the present invention includes an oxalate derivative, specifically an oxalate derivative represented by the above formula (1) having a specific structure having an alkyl substituted with one or more fluorine groups, more specifically a trifluoromethyl group as a substituent, It has high capacity recovery rate and stability at high temperature and excellent discharge capacity at low temperature.
- R 2 may be trifluoromethyl, (C1-C5) alkyl or (C1-C5) alkyl substituted with halogen, Specifically, R 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be (C1-C5) alkyl or (C1-C5) alkyl substituted with halogen.
- Halogen according to one embodiment of the present invention may preferably be fluoro, so that (C1-C5) alkyl substituted with halogen according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably alkyl that has one or more fluoro substituted Can be.
- oxalate derivative of the present invention may be selected from the following structures, but is not limited thereto.
- Substituents including the "alkyl”, “alkoxy” and other “alkyl” moieties described herein include all linear or pulverized forms, having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 Having from 4 to 4 carbon atoms.
- aryl described in the present invention is an organic radical derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon by one hydrogen removal, and is a single or fused ring containing 4 to 7 ring atoms, preferably 5 or 6 ring atoms, as appropriate for each ring. It includes a ring system, a form in which a plurality of aryl is connected by a single bond. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, anthryl, indenyl, fluorenyl, and the like.
- Alkyl substituted with at least one fluorine group described in the present invention means that at least one hydrogen present in the alkyl is substituted with fluoro.
- the oxalate derivative of Chemical Formula 1 may be included in an amount of 1 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the secondary battery electrolyte, and more preferably in terms of high temperature stability. 3 weight percent.
- the content of the oxalate derivative of Formula 1 is less than 1% by weight, the high temperature stability is low or the capacity retention rate is not improved.There is no addition effect, and the effect of improving the discharge capacity or output of the lithium secondary battery is insignificant.
- When included in more than 5% by weight such rapid deterioration of life occurs, rather, the characteristics of the lithium secondary battery are deteriorated.
- the electrolyte is a life improvement additive for improving battery life, oxalatoborate-based compound, carbonate-based compound substituted with fluorine, vinylidene carbonate-based compound and sulfinyl group It may further comprise one or two or more additives selected from the group consisting of containing compounds.
- the oxalatoborate-based compound may be a compound represented by Chemical Formula 2 or lithium bisoxalatoborate (LiB (C 2 O 4 ) 2 , LiBOB).
- R 11 and R 12 are each independently a halogen element or a halogenated C1 to C10 alkyl group.
- oxalatoborate-based additives include LiB (C 2 O 4 ) F 2 (lithium difluoro oxalatoborate, LiFOB) or LiB (C 2 O 4 ) 2 (lithium bisoxalatoborate, LiBOB). Can be mentioned.
- the carbonate compound substituted with fluorine may be fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), difluoroethylene carbonate (DFEC), fluorodimethyl carbonate (FDMC), fluoroethyl methyl carbonate (FEMC), or a combination thereof.
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- DFEC difluoroethylene carbonate
- FDMC fluorodimethyl carbonate
- FEMC fluoroethyl methyl carbonate
- the vinylidene carbonate-based compound may be vinylene carbonate (VC), vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC), or a mixture thereof.
- the sulfinyl group (S ⁇ O) -containing compound may be sulfone, sulfite, sulfonate and sulfone (cyclic sulfonate), which may be used alone or in combination.
- the sulfone may be represented by the following Chemical Formula 3, and may be divinyl sulfone.
- the sulfite may be represented by the following Chemical Formula 4, and may be ethylene sulfite or propylene sulfite.
- the sulfonate may be represented by Formula 5, and may be diallyl sulfonate.
- sultone include ethane sultone, propane sulton, butane sulton, ethene sultone, butene sultone, propene sultone, and the like.
- R 13 and R 14 are each independently hydrogen, a halogen atom, an alkyl group of C1-C10, an alkenyl group of C2-C10, an alkyl group or halogen of C1-C10 substituted with halogen. A substituted C2-C10 alkenyl group.
- the electrolyte is lithium difluoro oxalatoborate (LiFOB), lithium bisoxalatoborate (LiB (C 2 O 4 ) 2 , LiBOB), fluorine Low ethylene carbonate (FEC), vinylene carbonate (VC), vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC), divinyl sulfone, ethylene sulfite, propylene sulfite, diallyl sulfonate ( It may further comprise an additive selected from the group consisting of diallyl sulfonate, ethane sultone, propane sulton (PS), butane sulton, ethene sultone, butene sultone and propene sultone (PRS), more preferably For example, lithium bisoxalatoborate (LiB (C 2 O 4 ) 2 , LiBOB), vinylene carbonate (VC), vinylethylene carbonate
- the content of the additive is not particularly limited, but more preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the electrolyte to improve battery life in the secondary battery electrolyte, It may be included in 0.1 to 3% by weight.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent may include carbonate, ester, ether or ketone alone or a mixed solvent thereof, but a cyclic carbonate solvent, a linear carbonate solvent and It is preferable to select from these mixed solvents, and it is most preferable to mix and use a cyclic carbonate solvent and a linear carbonate solvent.
- the cyclic carbonate solvent is large in polarity to sufficiently dissociate lithium ions, but has a disadvantage in that a large viscosity causes a small ion conductivity. Therefore, by using a linear carbonate solvent having a small polarity but a low viscosity in the cyclic carbonate solvent, it is possible to optimize the characteristics of the lithium secondary battery.
- the cyclic carbonate solvent may be selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, vinyl ethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, and mixtures thereof, wherein the linear carbonate solvent is dimethyl carbonate, Diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, methyl isopropyl carbonate, ethyl propyl carbonate and mixtures thereof.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent is a mixed solvent of a cyclic carbonate solvent and a linear carbonate solvent, and a mixing volume ratio of linear carbonate solvent: cyclic carbonate solvent is 1 to 9: 1. It may be, preferably used by mixing in a volume ratio of 1.5 to 4: 1.
- the lithium salt is not limited, LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAsF 6 , LiN (SO 2 C 2 F 5 ) 2 , LiN (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN (SO 3 C 2 F 5 ) 2 , LiN (SO 2 F) 2 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiC 6 H 5 SO 3 , LiSCN, LiAlO 2 , LiAlCl 4 , LiN (C x F 2x + 1 SO 2 ) (C y F 2y + 1 SO 2 ), where x and y are natural numbers, LiCl, LiI and LiB (C 2 O 4 ) 2 It may be one or two or more selected from the group consisting of.
- the concentration of the lithium salt is preferably used in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 M, more preferably in the range of 0.7 to 1.6 M. If the concentration of the lithium salt is less than 0.1 M, the conductivity of the electrolyte is lowered, the performance of the electrolyte is lowered, and if it exceeds 2.0 M, the viscosity of the electrolyte is increased, thereby reducing the mobility of lithium ions.
- the lithium salt acts as a source of lithium ions in the battery to enable operation of the basic lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium secondary battery electrolyte of the present invention is generally stable at a temperature range of -20 ° C to 60 ° C, and maintains electrochemically stable characteristics even at voltages of 4.4 V. Therefore, the lithium secondary battery electrolyte is applicable to all lithium secondary batteries such as lithium ion batteries and lithium polymer batteries. Can be.
- the present invention provides a lithium secondary battery comprising the lithium secondary battery electrolyte.
- Non-limiting examples of the secondary battery includes a lithium metal secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium polymer secondary battery or a lithium ion polymer secondary battery.
- the lithium secondary battery prepared from the lithium secondary battery electrolyte according to the present invention exhibits a high temperature storage efficiency of 75% or more and at the same time, the thickness increase rate of the battery when left for a long time at a high temperature is more preferably 1 to 9%, more preferably 1 to 9%. It is characterized by.
- the lithium secondary battery of the present invention includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
- the positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material capable of occluding and desorbing lithium ions, and the positive electrode active material is preferably at least one selected from cobalt, manganese, nickel, and a composite metal oxide with lithium.
- the solid solution ratio between the metals may be various, and in addition to these metals, Mg, Al, Co, K, Na, Ca, Si, Ti, Sn, V, Ge, Ga, B, As, Zr, Mn, Cr, Fe, An element selected from the group consisting of Sr, V and rare earth elements may be further included.
- Specific examples of the positive electrode active material may be a compound represented by any one of the following formula:
- Li a A 1-b B b D 2 (wherein 0.90 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.8, and 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5); Li a E 1-b B b 0 2-c D c (wherein 0.90 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.8, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05); LiE 2-b B b 0 4-c D c (wherein 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05); Li a Ni 1-bc Co b B c D ⁇ (wherein 0.90 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.8, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05, and 0 ⁇ ⁇ 2); Li a Ni 1-bc Co b B c 0 2- ⁇ F ⁇ (wherein 0.90 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.8, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05, and 0 ⁇ ⁇ 2);
- A is Ni, Co, Mn or a combination thereof
- B is Al, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Sr, V, rare earth elements or combinations thereof
- D is O, F, S, P, or a combination thereof
- E is Co, Mn or a combination thereof
- F is F, S, P or a combination thereof
- G is Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Mg, La, Ce, Sr, V or a combination thereof
- Q is Ti, Mo, Mn or a combination thereof
- I is Cr, V, Fe, Sc, Y or a combination thereof
- J may be V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu or a combination thereof.
- the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material capable of occluding and desorbing lithium ions
- examples of the negative electrode active material include carbon materials such as crystalline carbon, amorphous carbon, carbon composite, carbon fiber, lithium metal, alloys of lithium and other elements, and the like.
- amorphous carbon includes hard carbon, coke, mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) fired at 1500 ° C. or lower, mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers (MPCF), and the like.
- the crystalline carbon includes a graphite material, and specific examples thereof include natural graphite, graphitized coke, graphitized MCMB, graphitized MPCF, and the like.
- the carbonaceous material is preferably a material having an interplanar distance of 3.35 to 3.38 ⁇ and an Lc (crystallite size) of at least 20 nm by X-ray diffraction.
- Other elements alloyed with lithium may be aluminum, zinc, bismuth, cadmium, antimony, silicon, lead, tin, gallium or indium.
- the positive electrode or the negative electrode may be prepared by dispersing an electrode active material, a binder and a conductive material, if necessary, a thickener in a solvent to prepare an electrode slurry composition, and applying the slurry composition to an electrode current collector.
- an electrode current collector aluminum or an aluminum alloy may be commonly used
- the negative electrode current collector copper or a copper alloy may be commonly used.
- the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector may be in the form of a foil or a mesh.
- the binder is a material that plays a role of pasting the active material, mutual adhesion of the active material, adhesion with the current collector, buffering effect on the expansion and contraction of the active material, and the like, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polyhexafluoro Copolymer of propylene-polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF / HFP)), poly (vinylacetate), polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alkylated polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl ether, poly (methylmeth) Acrylate), poly (ethyl acrylate), polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylchloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylpyridine, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, and the like.
- PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVdF / HFP polyhe
- the content of the binder is 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably 1 to 10% by weight based on the electrode active material.
- the content of the binder is too small, the adhesion between the electrode active material and the current collector is insufficient, and when the content of the binder is too large, the adhesion is improved, but the content of the electrode active material decreases by that amount, which is disadvantageous in increasing the capacity of the battery.
- the conductive material is used to impart conductivity to the electrode, and any battery can be used as long as it is an electronic conductive material without causing chemical change in the battery constituted, and may be a graphite-based conductive agent, a carbon black-based conductive agent, a metal or a metal compound-based compound. At least one selected from the group consisting of conductive agents can be used.
- the graphite conductive agent include artificial graphite and natural graphite
- examples of the carbon black conductive agent include acetylene black, ketjen black, denka black, thermal black, and channel black.
- the metal or metal compound conductive agent examples include tin, tin oxide, tin phosphate (SnPO 4 ), titanium oxide, potassium titanate, LaSrCoO 3 , and perovskite such as LaSrMnO 3 .
- the conductive agents listed above include tin, tin oxide, tin phosphate (SnPO 4 ), titanium oxide, potassium titanate, LaSrCoO 3 , and perovskite such as LaSrMnO 3 .
- the content of the conductive agent is preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight based on the electrode active material.
- the content of the conductive agent is less than 0.1% by weight, the electrochemical properties are lowered, and when the content of the conductive agent is greater than 10% by weight, the energy density per weight decreases.
- the thickener is not particularly limited as long as it can play a role of controlling the viscosity of the active material slurry.
- carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, or the like may be used.
- a non-aqueous solvent or an aqueous solvent is used as a solvent in which an electrode active material, a binder, a conductive material, etc. are disperse
- distributed a non-aqueous solvent or an aqueous solvent is used.
- the non-aqueous solvent include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylaminopropylamine, ethylene oxide and tetrahydrofuran.
- the lithium secondary battery of the present invention may include a separator that prevents a short circuit between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and provides a passage of lithium ions
- the separator may be polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene / polypropylene, polyethylene / polypropylene / Polyolefin polymer membranes, such as polyethylene, a polypropylene / polyethylene / polypropylene, or a multilayer of these, a microporous film, a woven fabric, and a nonwoven fabric can be used.
- a film coated with a resin having excellent stability in a porous polyolefin film may be used.
- the lithium secondary battery of the present invention may be formed in other shapes, such as cylindrical, pouch type, in addition to the square.
- 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (10.5 g) and triethylamine (10.6 g) were added to dichloromethane (100 mL) under a nitrogen environment, and then stirred at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- Oxalyl chloride (6.35 g) was slowly added dropwise to the cooled solution for 30 minutes, and the reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours.
- the organic solution was washed twice with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (50 mL), and the organic solution was washed twice with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (50 mL).
- 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (17.6 g) and triethylamine (10.6 g) were added to diethyl ether (100 mL) under nitrogen atmosphere, and then at 0 ° C. Stir for 30 minutes.
- Oxalyl chloride (6.35 g) was slowly added dropwise to the cooled solution for 30 minutes, and the reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The solid was removed by filtration, and the filtered solution was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain bis (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propyl) oxalate (9.75 g).
- the battery to which the non-aqueous electrolyte was applied was prepared as follows.
- LiNiCoMnO 2 and LiMn 2 O 4 as a positive electrode active material were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) as a binder and carbon as a binder were mixed at a weight ratio of 92: 4: 4, and then N- A positive electrode slurry was prepared by dispersing in methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The slurry was coated on an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, dried, and rolled to prepare a positive electrode.
- PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
- Synthetic graphite as a negative electrode active material, styrene-butadiene rubber as a binder, and carboxymethyl cellulose as a thickener were mixed in a weight ratio of 96: 2: 2, and then dispersed in water to prepare a negative electrode active material slurry.
- the slurry was coated on a copper foil having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m, dried, and rolled to prepare a negative electrode.
- a cell separator was formed by stacking a 25 ⁇ m thick polyethylene (PE) film separator between the electrodes, using a pouch having a thickness of 8 mm x 270 mm x 185 mm. Injecting the non-aqueous electrolyte, a 25Ah lithium secondary battery for EV was prepared.
- PE polyethylene
- Thickness increase after 30 days at 60 °C After charging for 3 hours at 4.4V and 12.5A CC-CV at room temperature, the thickness of battery is called A and the battery is left at 60 °C at 30 °C using a sealed thermostat.
- the increase rate of the thickness was calculated by the following Equation 1.
- the lithium secondary battery including the lithium secondary battery electrolyte according to the present invention showed a high capacity recovery rate of 75% or more after 30 days at 60 ° C., and the thickness increase rate was also very low as 3 to 14%. There is.
- the secondary battery electrolyte containing no oxalate derivative of the present invention or an oxalate derivative not included in the oxalate derivative of the present invention has a low high temperature capacity recovery rate and a very high thickness increase rate of 22 to 35%. It can be seen that the stability is poor.
- the oxalate derivatives of PEA 46 and 53 of the present invention is fluorine substituted in the oxalate derivative when reduced decomposition on the surface of the negative electrode It is believed that the functional groups form a stable SEI layer in solid form, greatly reducing battery internal resistance, thereby greatly improving the low temperature and high temperature performance of the battery.
- the oxalate derivatives substituted with one or more fluoro groups of the present invention have better high and low temperature properties by necessarily replacing one or more fluoro groups, more preferably one or more trifluoro groups, with the oxalate derivatives.
- the secondary battery electrolyte of the present invention is an oxalate derivative represented by Formula 1 of the present invention and lithium bisoxalatoborate (LiB (C 2 O 4 ) 2 , LiBOB), vinylene carbonate (VC), vinylethylene carbonate ( VEC), ethylene sulfite, ethane sulfone, propane sulton (PS) further comprises at least one additive selected from the secondary storage of the present invention by further improving the high temperature storage stability, low temperature discharge capacity and life characteristics
- a lithium secondary battery including a battery electrolyte has very high efficiency, stability, and lifespan characteristics.
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Abstract
Description
전해액 조성 | 60℃ 30일 후 | 수명 중 용량 유지율 | -20℃ 방전용량 | ||
용량 회복율 | 두께 증가율 | ||||
실시예 1 | 기본 전해액 + PEA46 1wt% | 75% | 14% | 75% | 85% |
실시예 2 | 기본 전해액 + PEA53 1wt% | 82% | 7% | 83% | 88% |
실시예 4 | 기본 전해액 + PEA53 0.5wt% | 80% | 9% | 81% | 85% |
실시예 4 | 기본 전해액 + PEA53 3wt% | 79% | 5% | 79% | 82% |
실시예 5 | 기본 전해액 + PEA53 1wt% + VC 1wt% | 85% | 6% | 88% | 82% |
실시예 6 | 기본 전해액+PEA53 1wt%+VC 1wt%+PS 1wt% | 88% | 3% | 89% | 81% |
실시예 7 | 기본 전해액+PEA53 1wt%+VC 1wt%+LiBOB 1wt% | 89% | 4% | 90% | 86% |
비교예 1 | 기본 전해액 | 37% | 30% | 20% | 55% |
비교예2 | 기본 전해액 + PEA35 1wt% | 27% | 35% | 30% | 48% |
비교예3 | 기본 전해액 + PEA35 1wt%+ VC 1wt%+PS 1wt% | 47% | 22% | 52% | 46% |
기본 전해액 : 1M LiPF6, EC/EMC=3:7LiBOB : Lithium-bis(Oxalato)BorateVC : Vinylene carbonatePS : 1,3-propane sultone |
Claims (13)
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 화학식 1에서 R2는 트리플루오로메틸, (C1-C5)알킬 또는 할로겐으로 치환된(C1-C5)알킬인 이차전지 전해액.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 옥살레이트 유도체는 상기 전해액 총 중량에 대하여 1 내지 5중량%로 포함되는 것인 이차전지 전해액.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 전해액은 옥살레이토보레이트계 화합물, 불소로 치환된 카보네이트계 화합물, 비닐리덴 카보네이트계 화합물 및 설피닐기 함유 화합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 하나 또는 둘 이상의 첨가제를 더 포함하는 이차전지 전해액.
- 제 5항에 있어서,상기 전해액은 리튬디플루오로 옥살레이토보레이트(LiFOB), 리튬 비스옥살레이토보레이트(LiB(C2O4)2, LiBOB), 플루오로에틸렌카보네이트(FEC), 비닐렌 카보네이트(VC), 비닐에틸렌 카보네이트(VEC), 다이비닐 설폰(divinyl sulfone), 에틸렌 설파이트(ethylene sulfite), 프로필렌 설파이트(propylene sulfite), 다이알릴 설포네이트 (diallyl sulfonate), 에탄 설톤, 프로판 설톤(propane sulton, PS), 부탄 설톤(butane sulton), 에텐 설톤, 부텐 설톤 및 프로펜 설톤(PS)으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 첨가제를 더 포함하는 이차전지 전해액.
- 제 5항에 있어서,상기 첨가제는 전해액 총 중량에 대하여 0.1 ~ 5.0중량%로 포함되는 이차전지 전해액.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 비수성 유기 용매는 환형 카보네이트계 용매, 선형 카보네이트계 용매 및 이들의 혼합용매로부터 선택되는 이차전지 전해액.
- 제 8항에 있어서,상기 환형 카보네이트는 에틸렌카보네이트, 프로필렌카보네이트이트, 부틸렌카보네이트, 비닐렌카보네이트, 비닐에틸렌카보네이트, 플루오르에틸렌카보네이트 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되고, 상기 선형 카보네이트는 디메틸카보네이트, 디에틸카보네이트, 디프로필카보네이트, 에틸메틸카보네이트, 메틸프로필카보네이트, 메틸이소프로필카보네이트, 에틸프로필카보네이트 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 이차전지 전해액.
- 제 8항에 있어서,상기 비수성 유기 용매는 선형 카보네이트 용매 : 환형 카보네이트 용매의 혼합부피비가 1 내지 9 : 1인 이차전지 전해액.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 리튬염은 LiPF6, LiBF4, LiClO4, LiSbF6, LiAsF6, LiN(SO2C2F5)2, LiN(CF3SO2)2, LiN(SO3C2F5)2, LiN(SO2F)2, LiCF3SO3, LiC4F9SO3, LiC6H5SO3, LiSCN, LiAlO2, LiAlCl4, LiN(CxF2x+1SO2)(CyF2y+1SO2)(여기서, x 및 y는 자연수임), LiCl, LiI 및 LiB(C2O4)2로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 하나 또는 둘 이상인 이차전지 전해액.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 리튬염은 0.1 내지 2.0 M의 농도로 존재하는 이차전지 전해액.
- 제 1항 내지 제 12항에서 선택되는 어느 한 항에 따른 이차전지 전해액을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
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KR20060078702A (ko) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-07-05 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 유기전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 |
KR20110079773A (ko) * | 2003-08-11 | 2011-07-07 | 우베 고산 가부시키가이샤 | 리튬 2차 전지 및 그의 비수 전해액 |
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JP2002367674A (ja) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-20 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 電解液及び二次電池 |
KR100472512B1 (ko) * | 2002-11-15 | 2005-03-11 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 |
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