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WO2015085908A1 - Pvc类一次性手套及其生产工艺 - Google Patents

Pvc类一次性手套及其生产工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015085908A1
WO2015085908A1 PCT/CN2014/093395 CN2014093395W WO2015085908A1 WO 2015085908 A1 WO2015085908 A1 WO 2015085908A1 CN 2014093395 W CN2014093395 W CN 2014093395W WO 2015085908 A1 WO2015085908 A1 WO 2015085908A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glove
material film
raw material
pvc
mixture
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/093395
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张振堂
Original Assignee
唐山川欧森塑料制品有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201320806940.0U external-priority patent/CN203650963U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310666737.2A external-priority patent/CN103610245B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310669629.0A external-priority patent/CN103720089B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201320807803.9U external-priority patent/CN203592753U/zh
Application filed by 唐山川欧森塑料制品有限公司 filed Critical 唐山川欧森塑料制品有限公司
Priority to US15/100,719 priority Critical patent/US10376004B2/en
Priority to EP14869599.2A priority patent/EP3081104B1/en
Priority to JP2016534991A priority patent/JP6275845B2/ja
Priority to CA2932876A priority patent/CA2932876C/en
Priority to AU2014361364A priority patent/AU2014361364B9/en
Publication of WO2015085908A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015085908A1/zh
Priority to US16/537,997 priority patent/US20190357611A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D19/00—Gloves
    • A41D19/0055—Plastic or rubber gloves
    • A41D19/0082—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D19/00—Gloves
    • A41D19/0055—Plastic or rubber gloves
    • A41D19/0058—Three-dimensional gloves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/04—Dielectric heating, e.g. high-frequency welding, i.e. radio frequency welding of plastic materials having dielectric properties, e.g. PVC
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7461—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool for making welds and cuts of other than simple rectilinear form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/749—Removing scrap
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
    • B29C66/032—Mechanical after-treatments
    • B29C66/0326—Cutting, e.g. by using waterjets, or perforating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D2400/00—Functions or special features of garments
    • A41D2400/52—Disposable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/009—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation after shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/48—Wearing apparel
    • B29L2031/4842—Outerwear
    • B29L2031/4864—Gloves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of disposable gloves, in particular to a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) type disposable glove and a production process thereof.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PVC disposable gloves are a widely used daily product.
  • PVC disposable gloves refer to PVC resin compounds (mixtures of PVC resin and other materials, other materials refer to plastic products compatible with PVC resin. When the mixing ratio of other materials is 0, it is pure PVC resin, but also referred to herein as PVC resin mixture.
  • Disposable gloves made of PVC resin have equivalent or similar properties.
  • PVC disposable gloves are flexible, comfortable to use and easy to use, so they are widely used in home, hospital and food industries.
  • Step 1 Mix the PVC resin mixture with a plasticizer such as dioctyl phthalate (DOP) or diisononyl phthalate (DINP) to form a paste, in order to make the glove soft.
  • a plasticizer such as dioctyl phthalate (DOP) or diisononyl phthalate (DINP)
  • Step 2 A large amount of a viscosity reducing agent (a low aromatic solvent oil) is added to the above paste to make it thin to form a thin paste, which is a mixture, so as to reduce the weight of the glove.
  • a viscosity reducing agent a low aromatic solvent oil
  • Step 3 Put the above mixture into a trough
  • Step 4 Use a chain to drive a plurality of ceramic (or metal) three-dimensional hand molds, enter the above-mentioned trough, and apply a layer of paste mixture to the palm portion of the hand mold;
  • Step 5 The chain then takes the hand mold to the oven for baking, plasticizing and forming a layer of paste mixture on the hand mold, drying, forming a film type glove according to the shape of the hand mold;
  • Step 6 The chain then takes the hand mold with the molded glove out of the oven to cool down;
  • Step 7 The glove after cooling is detached from the hand mold by manual or mechanical means, and the storage is counted;
  • Step 8 After the gloves are peeled off, the clean hand mold enters the trough and then enters the next production cycle.
  • each ton of PVC disposable gloves is produced, and an average of 0.26 tons of petroleum-based steam pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere.
  • the annual output of PVC disposable gloves in China is about 500,000 tons, which means that about 130,000 tons of petroleum-based steam pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere every year.
  • efficient recovery of these pollutants is extremely difficult. These pollutants are difficult to degrade after entering the atmosphere, and generally take more than five years to completely degrade.
  • These oil vapors float in the air and react with water vapor to form haze. Dust bonding forms PM2.5 particles, which is extremely harmful to human survival.
  • China's PVC disposable gloves manufacturing enterprises are concentrated in the country's famous air pollution disaster areas, one of the sources of pollution is the petroleum-based steam discharged during the production of PVC disposable gloves.
  • the solvent-based viscosity reducer used in the traditional PVC disposable gloves production process is completely evaporated and emptied after being baked in an oven, which is equivalent to an increase of the glove cost by nearly 20%.
  • the high-speed production line driven by high-speed chains keeps the operators at high intensity. In the summer, the heat generated by the oven-baked hand molds makes the workshop temperature as high as 50 ° C or more. The working environment of the operators is extremely harsh, and workers' heat stroke often occurs.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a PVC-type disposable glove and a production process thereof, which can reduce environmental pollution and improve the working environment of workers, and reduce the production cost of PVC-type disposable gloves.
  • a production process of a PVC-type disposable glove includes the following steps:
  • An insulating layer is covered on one side of the glove raw material film, and an electromagnetic beam distributed according to a preset contour trajectory is applied on a surface of the glove raw material film, so that the electromagnetic beam passes through the glove raw material film, thereby making the glove
  • the raw material film is effectively heat-sealed along the predetermined contour track; or the glove raw material film is heated along a preset contour track, and the heating temperature is equal to or higher than a heat sealing critical temperature of the glove raw material film, thereby realizing the glove raw material film edge
  • the effective heat sealing of the preset contour trajectory
  • the glove raw material film is preheated to not more than 90 ° C while pressure is applied to the predetermined contour trajectory.
  • the step of forming the glove formula mixture into a mixture film comprises: forming the glove formula mixture into a mixture film by calendering, blown film or casting.
  • the process further comprises: collecting plasticizer vapor generated during the process of forming the glove formulation mixture into a mixture film; cooling the plasticizer vapor to form a plasticizer droplet; by electrostatic adsorption The plasticizer droplets are recovered.
  • the step of applying an electromagnetic beam on the surface of the glove raw material film comprises: feeding the glove raw material film between two electrodes, applying between the two electrodes An electromagnetic beam of 27.12 MHz or 40.68 MHz, one of the two electrodes having a shape corresponding to the predetermined contour trajectory.
  • the step of applying pressure on the predetermined contour trajectory includes moving one of the two electrodes to the other electrode to feed the glove material The membrane is pressed between the two electrodes.
  • the step of heating the glove material film along a preset contour track comprises: heating the glove material film at the predetermined contour track to be equal to or higher than a heat sealing threshold of the glove material film in 2.0 seconds The temperature was stopped for 0.05 seconds to 5.0 seconds.
  • the step of applying pressure on the predetermined contour trajectory in the case of heating the glove material film along a preset contour trajectory comprises: passing the glove material film between a fixed template and a movable template of a stamping die a metal mold having the predetermined contour trajectory mounted on one of the fixed template and the movable template of the stamping die; moving the movable template of the stamping die to the fixed template to press the glove raw material film Between the fixed template of the stamping die and the movable template.
  • the step of separating the fused integral portion including the fusion trajectory from the glove raw material film comprises: clamping the glove raw material film, applying a fused integral portion including the fusion trajectory perpendicular to the glove The pressure or tension of the raw material film separates the fusion-fused portion including the fusion trajectory from the glove raw material film.
  • the process further comprises: counting the separated PVC-type disposable gloves.
  • the plasticizer comprises: dioctyl phthalate DOP and / or diisononyl phthalate DINP and / or dioctyl terephthalate DOTP and / or cyclohexane 1,2 Diisodecyl dicarboxylate DINCH;
  • the glove formula mixture comprises, in parts by mass, 100 parts of a PVC resin mixture and 50 parts or more of a plasticizer.
  • a PVC type disposable glove comprising two sheets of parallel placed glove raw material film produced by the above PVC type disposable glove production process; Fusing together the electromagnetic material beams distributed according to the preset contour trajectory on the glove raw material film, or fusing together by heating the two pieces of the glove raw material film to exceed the heat sealing critical temperature of the glove raw material film; PVC disposable gloves have a fusion seam that runs through the edges of the glove.
  • the raw materials for the manufacture of gloves no longer contain solvent oil viscosity reducer, which eliminates the pollution of solvent oil to air. If all the production processes are used, it can reduce nearly 130,000 tons of solvent oil for PVC disposable gloves industry in China every year. The discharge of steam into the atmosphere greatly reduces environmental pollution and has a very high environmental protection value.
  • the production of PVC disposable gloves using DOP or DINP or DOTP or DINCH plasticizers will have a 2-3% evaporation at a high temperature of about 200 °C to produce a small amount of air pollution, through the plasticizer vapor cooling electrostatic adsorption Collecting, so that a small amount of pollutants are recovered, thereby further reducing the pollution emissions of the process, basically achieving zero emissions of pollutants, further reducing environmental pollution, and enhancing the environmental protection value of the process.
  • the use of solvent oil type viscosity reducer can greatly reduce the production cost of PVC disposable gloves.
  • the recycling of plasticizer steam further reduces the production cost of PVC disposable gloves.
  • Adding an insulating layer between the glove raw material film and the electrode helps to prevent sparks from being generated during high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmission, thereby avoiding damage to the palm-type mold and affecting product quality.
  • the glove raw material film is instantaneously heated, and the heating cycle is short. For example, when the thickness of the glove raw material film is 0.06 mm, the instantaneous heating time is about 2 seconds, so that the glove raw material film is prevented from being decomposed by ultra-high temperature, and the heating energy is largely saved.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a production process of a PVC-based disposable glove according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the production process of the PVC disposable gloves according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 mixing a PVC resin mixture with a plasticizer to form a glove formula mixture
  • Step 102 the glove formula mixture is made into a mixture film
  • Step 103 placing two layers of the mixture film in parallel to form a glove raw material film
  • Step 104A covering one side of the glove raw material film with an insulating layer, applying an electromagnetic beam on a surface of the glove raw material film, and the electromagnetic beam is distributed on a surface of the glove raw material film according to a preset contour trajectory, so that the An electromagnetic beam passes through the glove material film to effectively heat the glove material film along the predetermined contour track; or
  • Step 104B or heating the glove raw material film along a preset contour trajectory, the heating temperature is equal to or higher than the heat sealing critical temperature of the glove raw material film, thereby achieving effective heat sealing of the glove raw material film along the predetermined contour trajectory;
  • Step 105 applying pressure on the preset contour trajectory, so that two layers of the mixed material film in the glove raw material film are pressed and integrated into one body along the predetermined contour trajectory;
  • Step 106 forming a blade-shaped slit along the outer edge of the predetermined contour trajectory, separating a fusion-fused portion including the fusion trajectory from the glove raw material film, and forming an opening at the wrist of the predetermined contour trajectory PVC disposable gloves.
  • a PVC-type disposable glove with a preset contour trajectory as an edge can be formed.
  • the PVC-type disposable glove manufactured by the above process comprises the above-mentioned two pieces of the glove raw material film placed in parallel; and is fused by applying electromagnetic beams distributed according to a predetermined contour trajectory on the two pieces of the glove raw material film. Together, or by heating two sheets of the glove material film to a temperature above the heat sealing critical temperature of the glove material film Therefore, a fusion seam is formed through the edge of the glove, and the PVC-type disposable glove produced according to the prior art has no such fusion seam, and is also produced by the PVC disposable gloves produced by the process and the existing process. An obvious difference in PVC disposable gloves.
  • the raw materials for the manufacture of gloves no longer contain solvent oil viscosity reducer, which eliminates the pollution of solvent oil to air. If all the production processes are used, it can reduce nearly 130,000 tons of solvent oil for PVC disposable gloves industry in China every year. The discharge of steam into the atmosphere greatly reduces environmental pollution and has a very high environmental protection value.
  • the production of PVC disposable gloves using DOP or DINP or DOTP or DINCH plasticizers will have a 2-3% evaporation at a high temperature of about 200 °C to produce a small amount of air pollution, through the plasticizer steam cooling electrostatic collection This part of the small amount of pollutants is recovered, thereby further reducing the pollution emissions of the method, basically achieving zero emissions of pollutants, further reducing environmental pollution, and improving the environmental protection value of the method.
  • the use of solvent oil type viscosity reducer can greatly reduce the production cost of PVC disposable gloves.
  • the recycling of plasticizer steam further reduces the production cost of PVC disposable gloves.
  • the plasticizer may use any existing plasticizer such as dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and/or diisononyl phthalate (DINP) and/or terephthalic acid.
  • DOP dioctyl phthalate
  • DINP diisononyl phthalate
  • terephthalic acid e.g., tyl phthalate (DOP) and/or terephthalic acid.
  • DOP dioctyl phthalate
  • DINP diisononyl phthalate
  • terephthalic acid terephthalic acid.
  • DOP dioctyl phthalate
  • DINP diisononyl phthalate
  • DINCH cyclohexane 1,2 dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester
  • the glove formula mixture in parts by mass, may include: 100 parts of a PVC resin mixture and 50 parts or more of a plasticizer. Glove formula blends formulated in this ratio are moderately soft and relatively easy to fuse.
  • the separation method of the PVC type disposable glove and the glove raw material film may specifically be: clamping the glove raw material film on four sides, applying a pressure or a tensile force perpendicular to the glove raw material film to the fusion-fused portion including the fusion trajectory, so as to be The edge material is partially separated.
  • the separate PVC disposable gloves can also be automatically counted and automatically packaged, thereby further reducing the work intensity of the workers, improving the production efficiency, and facilitating the subsequent process of packaging the gloves in a fixed number.
  • the glove formula mixture is made into a mixture film, and any existing PVC film production method, such as a calendering method, a blown film method or a casting method, can be used.
  • the plasticizer will evaporate, and the evaporation of the plasticizer will also pollute the atmosphere, so it can also be processed by the following methods:
  • the plasticizer droplets are recovered by electrostatic adsorption.
  • the vaporized plasticizer can be recovered by the above method, and can be continuously used as a raw material for the production of PVC disposable gloves, thereby saving production costs and reducing pollution.
  • step 104A covering one side of the glove raw material film with an insulating layer will help prevent sparking during electromagnetic beam transmission, thereby avoiding damage to the palm mold and affecting product quality.
  • the electromagnetic beam is applied to the surface of the glove raw material film in any manner, and for example, the following method can be used:
  • the glove raw material film is fed between the two electrodes, and an electromagnetic beam is applied between the two electrodes.
  • the frequency of the electromagnetic beam is arbitrary as long as the glove raw material film can be melted, for example, an international industrial standard electromagnetic wave frequency of 27.12 MHz or 40.68 MHz.
  • the heating temperature range is related to the formulation of the glove raw material film.
  • effective heat sealing of the two-layer glove raw material film can be achieved when the heating temperature is higher than 80 ° C (the critical temperature of the glove raw material film).
  • heating the glove material film along a preset contour track includes:
  • the glove raw material film is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the heat sealing critical temperature of the raw material film in a predetermined contour trajectory for 2.0 seconds, and the heating is stopped after 0.05 second to 5.0 seconds.
  • applying pressure on the preset contour trajectory may be performed in any manner.
  • one of the two templates may have a shape corresponding to the preset contour trajectory; the specific contour trajectory may be determined according to the shape of the product.
  • one template is moved to the other template, and the glove raw material film is pressed between the two templates.
  • applying pressure on the preset contour trajectory includes: passing the glove raw material film between a fixed template and a movable template of a stamping die, one of the fixed template and the movable template of the stamping die Installed with gold with the preset contour trajectory The mold is moved; the movable template of the stamping die is moved toward the fixed template, and the glove raw material film is pressed between the fixed template and the movable template of the stamping die.
  • the glove raw material film may be preheated to not more than 90 ° C while applying pressure on the preset contour trajectory. Proper preheating helps to fuse firmly and give the finished product a higher strength.
  • the PVC resin powder (which may be pure PVC or a mixture of PVC and other materials) is mixed with a plasticizer such as DOP or DINP to form a cream glove formula mixture without adding a solvent oil viscosity reducer;
  • the above-mentioned cream glove formula mixture is input into a PVC film forming machine (including existing PVC film forming technology such as calendering method, blown film method, casting method) to prepare a mixed film with a certain thickness and softness;
  • a PVC film forming machine including existing PVC film forming technology such as calendering method, blown film method, casting method
  • a funnel-type oil and gas recovery device is arranged on the PVC film forming machine, and a small amount of plasticizer vapor generated in the process of preparing the mixed film of the above-mentioned cream glove formula is recovered in time;
  • the mixture film prepared in process step 2 is introduced into the high frequency electromagnetic wave (or high frequency) PVC type disposable glove forming machine in two layers, from the two high frequency circuits.
  • An openable and closable electrode is passed through, and a palm-shaped colored metal mold is mounted on one of the movable electrodes, and the palm mold is timed to move the high-frequency electromagnetic wave energy through the double-layered mixed film in the shape of the palm edge, so that Part of the PVC polar polymer is polarized and oscillates with the frequency of the high-frequency circuit, thereby generating internal friction and heat fusion.
  • the glove raw material film is heated to not more than 90 ° C, and the two layers are mixed by mechanical external force.
  • the film is pressed by the palm type to form a PVC disposable glove; or
  • the PVC type disposable gloves formed by the above process steps cannot be completely separated from the surrounding glove raw material film (edge material). To avoid manual separation, increase labor intensity and cost, reduce production efficiency, and then input the connected gloves and edge materials together.
  • An automatic separator first use the mold to clamp the edge material, and then use a palm-type separator to press down the glove and the edge material completely, so that the glove falls into the box, and the material is rolled up for later remelting and remelting.
  • the PVC-type disposable gloves separated and stored according to the above-mentioned process steps are sent to an automatic packaging machine, and the PVC-type disposable gloves are packed into the warehouse according to a fixed number.
  • the invention not only applies PVC and its mixture to produce film type disposable gloves, but also suitable Disposable gloves are used in films made from other polar plastic materials such as TPU, PU, PETG, PET, EVA, and mixtures with other plastic materials.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Gloves (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Abstract

PVC类一次性手套及其生产工艺。该工艺包括：将PVC树脂混合料与增塑剂混合形成手套配方混合料；将手套配方混合料制成混合料薄膜；将两层混合料薄膜平行放置形成手套原料膜；在手套原料膜的一侧覆盖绝缘膜，在手套原料膜的表面施加按照预设轮廓轨迹分布的电磁波束，使电磁波束穿过手套原料膜，从而使手套原料膜沿预设轮廓轨迹有效热合；或者沿预设轮廓轨迹对手套原料膜加热，加热温度等于或高于手套原料膜热合的临界温度，从而实现手套原料膜沿预设轮廓轨迹的有效热合；在预设轮廓轨迹上施加压力，使两层混合料薄膜沿预设轮廓轨迹受压而熔合为一体；沿预设轮廓轨迹外沿形成刃形切口，将包括熔合轨迹的熔合为一体的部分从手套原料膜中分离，并在预设轮廓轨迹的腕部开口，形成PVC类一次性手套。该PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺极大地减少了环境污染，具有极高的环境保护价值。

Description

PVC类一次性手套及其生产工艺 技术领域
本发明涉及一次性手套领域，具体而言，涉及PVC(聚氯乙烯)类一次性手套及其生产工艺。
背景技术
PVC类一次性手套是一种广泛使用的日常产品，PVC类一次性手套是指，以PVC树脂混合料(PVC树脂与其它材料的混合物，其它材料是指与PVC树脂相溶的塑胶产品，当其它材料的混合比例为0时，即为纯PVC树脂，但在本文中也统称为PVC树脂混合料)为原材料制造的一次性手套；PVC树脂与其它材料的混合物制成的一次性手套与纯PVC树脂制成的一次性手套具有同等或类似的性能。
PVC类一次性手套弹性好，使用舒适且利于使用人员操作，因此在家庭、医院、食品行业等领域应用广泛。
目前普遍采用的制造PVC类一次性手套的传统生产工艺步骤如下：
步骤1.将PVC树脂混合料与邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)或邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯(DINP)等增塑剂混合形成膏状物，目的是能使手套质地柔软。
步骤2.在上述膏状物中加入大量降粘剂(一种低芳溶剂油)使之变稀，形成稀糊状物，成为混合料，目的是能使手套单只重量降低。
步骤3.将上述混合料放入一个料槽；
步骤4.用链条带动多个陶瓷(或金属)立体手模，进入上述料槽，使手模的手掌部分沾上一层糊状混合料；
步骤5.链条再将手模带到烘箱里进行烘烤，使手模上沾上的一层糊状混合料塑化成型，烘干，按手模形状形成一层薄膜式手套；
步骤6.链条再将带有成型手套的手模带出烘箱降温；
步骤7.降温后的手套用人工或机械的办法从手模上脱离，计数存放；
步骤8.剥离手套后干净的手模再进入料槽沾料，进入下一个生产循环。
上述传统的PVC类一次性手套生产工艺于上世纪初发明于美国，是典型的高污染、高劳动强度的落后工艺。到上世纪八、九十年代由台湾传入中国大陆后，该工艺一直没有得到彻底改造。这套老工艺的缺点是使用大量的溶剂油类降粘剂，加入到混合料里。这些溶剂油除了使混合料变稀从而降低手套厚度及重量外，在手套生产过程中没有任何其它作用。但这些溶剂油在烘箱内被蒸发后，会形成石油类蒸汽污染物进入大气，造成严重的大气污染。
据实际生产数据统计，按照传统的工艺，每生产一吨PVC类一次性手套，平均向大气排放0.26吨石油类蒸汽污染物。目前中国PVC类一次性手套的年产量在50万吨左右，这意味着每年向大气排放13万吨左右石油类蒸汽污染物。按现有的技术水平，这些污染物的有效回收极为困难。这些污染物进入大气后很难降解，一般需要五年以上才能彻底降解。这些油蒸汽漂浮在空中，遇水蒸气吸附形成雾霾，遇 灰尘粘合形成PM2.5类颗粒，对人类生存安全造成极大危害。中国PVC类一次性手套生产企业集中的地区都是全国有名的空气污染重灾区，其污染源之一就是PVC类一次性手套生产过程中排放的石油类蒸汽。
同时，这套传统的PVC类一次性手套生产工艺使用的溶剂油类降粘剂，经烘箱烘烤后被全部蒸发排空，相当于增加了手套成本近20％。由高速链条驱动的高速运转的生产流水线，使操作工人时刻处于高强度劳作之中。在夏天，烘箱烘烤手模造成的热量排放使车间温度高达50℃以上，操作工人的工作环境极其恶劣，工人中暑现象经常发生。
这套老旧落后的PVC类一次性手套生产工艺延续至今，一直没有得到彻底改造，这类落后产能遍布中国，造成上述一系列灾难性后果。时代的发展，社会的进步，需要我们必须用新的技术进步，淘汰这样的落后产能，改善中国的生产，劳动和生活环境。因此，改变这套老旧落后的PVC类一次性手套生产工艺，至关重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供PVC类一次性手套及其生产工艺，能够减少环境污染且改善工人的工作环境，并降低PVC类一次性手套的生产成本。
在本发明的实施例中提供了PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，该工艺包括以下步骤：
将PVC树脂混合料与增塑剂混合形成手套配方混合料；
将所述手套配方混合料制成混合料薄膜；
将两层所述混合料薄膜平行放置形成手套原料膜；
在所述手套原料膜的一侧覆盖绝缘层，在所述手套原料膜的表面施加按照预设轮廓轨迹分布的电磁波束，使所述电磁波束穿过所述手套原料膜，从而使所述手套原料膜沿所述预设轮廓轨迹有效热合；或者沿预设轮廓轨迹对所述手套原料膜加热，加热温度等于或高于所述手套原料膜热合临界温度，从而实现所述手套原料膜沿所述预设轮廓轨迹的有效热合；
在所述预设轮廓轨迹上施加压力，使所述手套原料膜中的两层所述混合料薄膜沿所述预设轮廓轨迹受压而熔合为一体；
沿所述预设轮廓轨迹外沿形成刃形切口，将包括熔合轨迹的熔合为一体的部分从所述手套原料膜中分离，并在所述预设轮廓轨迹的腕部开口，形成PVC类一次性手套。
优选地，在所述预设轮廓轨迹上施加压力的同时，将所述手套原料膜预热至不超过90℃。
优选地，将所述手套配方混合料制成混合料薄膜的步骤包括：通过压延法、吹膜法或流延法将所述手套配方混合料制成混合料薄膜。
优选地，该工艺进一步包括：收集将所述手套配方混合料制成混合料薄膜的过程中产生的增塑剂蒸汽；将所述增塑剂蒸汽降温，形成增塑剂液滴；通过静电吸附回收所述增塑剂液滴。
优选地，在所述手套原料膜的表面施加电磁波束的步骤包括：将所述手套原料膜送入两个电极之间，在所述两个电极之间施加 27.12MHz或40.68MHz的电磁波束，两个所述电极之一具有对应所述预设轮廓轨迹的形状。
在所述手套原料膜的表面施加电磁波束的情况下，在所述预设轮廓轨迹上施加压力的步骤包括：令两个所述电极中的一个电极向另一个电极移动，将所述手套原料膜压在两个所述电极之间。
优选地，沿预设轮廓轨迹对所述手套原料膜加热的步骤包括：在2.0秒内将所述手套原料膜在所述预设轮廓轨迹处加热至等于或高于所述手套原料膜热合临界温度，持续0.05秒～5.0秒后停止加热。
沿预设轮廓轨迹对所述手套原料膜加热的情况下，在所述预设轮廓轨迹上施加压力的步骤包括：使所述手套原料膜从一冲压模具的固定模板和活动模板之间穿过，所述冲压模具的固定模板和活动模板之一上安装有具有所述预设轮廓轨迹的金属型模；令所述冲压模具的活动模板向固定模板移动，将所述手套原料膜压在所述冲压模具的固定模板和活动模板之间。
优选地，将包括熔合轨迹的熔合为一体的部分从所述手套原料膜中分离的步骤包括：将所述手套原料膜卡紧，对包括熔合轨迹的熔合为一体的部分施加垂直于所述手套原料膜的压力或拉力，使包括熔合轨迹的熔合为一体的部分从所述手套原料膜中分离。
优选地，该工艺进一步包括：对分离的所述PVC类一次性手套进行计数。
优选地，所述增塑剂包括：邻苯二甲酸二辛酯DOP和/或邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯DINP和/或对苯二甲酸二辛酯DOTP和/或环己烷1，2 二甲酸二异壬基酯DINCH；所述手套配方混合料，以质量份数计包括：100份的PVC树脂混合料和50份以上的增塑剂。
在本发明的实施例中还提供了一种PVC类一次性手套，所述PVC类一次性手套包括通过以上PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺生产的两片平行放置的手套原料膜；通过在两片所述手套原料膜上施加按照预设轮廓轨迹分布的电磁波束而熔合在一起，或者通过将两片所述手套原料膜加热至超过所述手套原料膜热合临界温度而熔合在一起；所述PVC类一次性手套具有一条贯穿整个手套边缘的熔合缝。
本发明上述实施例的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，具有如下的有益效果：
一、制造手套的原料中不再含有溶剂油类降粘剂，根除了溶剂油对空气的污染，如果全部采用本生产工艺，每年可为我国PVC类一次性手套行业减少近13万吨溶剂油蒸汽向大气的排放，极大地减少了环境污染，具有极高的环境保护价值。
二、生产PVC类一次性手套使用的DOP或DINP或DOTP或DINCH等增塑剂在200℃左右的高温下会有2-3％蒸发产生少量空气污染，通过对增塑剂蒸汽进行降温静电吸附收集，使这部分少量污染物得到回收，从而进一步减少了本工艺的污染排放，基本实现污染物零排放，进一步减少了环境污染，提升了本工艺的环境保护价值。
三、不使用溶剂油类降粘剂，可以大大降低PVC类一次性手套的生产成本，另外，增塑剂蒸汽的回收，也进一步降低了PVC类一次性手套的生产成本。
四、没有了手套烘烤的生产步骤，不需要再使用烘箱，降低了能源消耗，也减少了由耗能而造成的污染。
五、由于整个生产过程不产生影响室温的高温，也没有增塑剂蒸发带来的污染，从而改善了生产工人的工作环境。
六、由于不需要将PVC类一次性手套经人工从手模上取下来，降低了操作人员的劳动强度。
七、将手套原料膜适当加热，温度不超过90℃，有助于牢固熔合，使成品强度较高。
八、在手套原料膜与电极之间加一绝缘层，有助于防止高频电磁波传输过程中产生电火花，从而避免损毁手掌型模具，影响产品质量。对手套原料膜瞬时加热，加热周期很短，例如手套原料膜厚度在0.06毫米时，瞬时加热时间在2秒左右，使手套原料膜免于超高温分解，并大量节省了加热能源。
九、对分离的所述PVC类一次性手套进行计数，便于后续工序对手套按定数包装。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例子并结合附图对本发明做进一步的详细描述。
本发明实施例的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，如图1所示，包括如下步骤：
步骤101，将PVC树脂混合料与增塑剂混合形成手套配方混合料；
步骤102，将所述手套配方混合料制成混合料薄膜；
步骤103，将两层所述混合料薄膜平行放置形成手套原料膜；
步骤104A，在所述手套原料膜的一侧覆盖绝缘层，在所述手套原料膜的表面施加电磁波束，所述电磁波束在所述手套原料膜的表面按照预设轮廓轨迹分布，使所述电磁波束穿过所述手套原料膜，从而使所述手套原料膜沿所述预设轮廓轨迹有效热合；或者
步骤104B，或者沿预设轮廓轨迹对所述手套原料膜加热，加热温度等于或高于所述手套原料膜热合临界温度，从而实现所述手套原料膜沿所述预设轮廓轨迹的有效热合；
步骤105，在所述预设轮廓轨迹上施加压力，使所述手套原料膜中的两层所述混合料薄膜沿所述预设轮廓轨迹受压而熔合为一体；
步骤106，沿所述预设轮廓轨迹外沿形成刃形切口，将包括熔合轨迹的熔合为一体的部分从所述手套原料膜中分离，并在所述预设轮廓轨迹的腕部开口，形成PVC类一次性手套。
经过上述步骤，即可形成以预设轮廓轨迹为边缘的PVC类一次性手套。
使用上述工艺制造的PVC类一次性手套，其结构中包括上述的两片平行放置的所述手套原料膜；通过在两片所述手套原料膜上施加按照预设轮廓轨迹分布的电磁波束而熔合在一起，或者通过将两片所述手套原料膜加热至超过所述手套原料膜热合临界温度而熔合在一 起，从而形成一条贯穿整个手套边缘的熔合缝，而按照现有工艺制作的PVC类一次性手套是没有这道熔合缝的，也是采用本工艺生产的PVC类一次性手套与现有工艺生产的PVC类一次性手套的一个明显的区别。
上述生产工艺可以带来如下效果：
一、制造手套的原料中不再含有溶剂油类降粘剂，根除了溶剂油对空气的污染，如果全部采用本生产工艺，每年可为我国PVC类一次性手套行业减少近13万吨溶剂油蒸汽向大气的排放，极大地减少了环境污染，具有极高的环境保护价值。
二、生产PVC类一次性手套使用的DOP或DINP或DOTP或DINCH等增塑剂在200℃左右的高温下会有2-3％蒸发产生少量空气污染，通过对增塑剂蒸汽进行降温静电收集，使这部分少量污染物得到回收，从而进一步减少了本方法的污染排放，基本实现污染物零排放，进一步减少了环境污染，提升了本方法的环境保护价值。
三、不使用溶剂油类降粘剂，可以大大降低PVC类一次性手套的生产成本，另外，增塑剂蒸汽的回收，也进一步降低了PVC类一次性手套的生产成本。
步骤101中，增塑剂可以使用任意现有的增塑剂，例如邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)和/或邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯(DINP)和/或对苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOTP)和/或环己烷1,2二甲酸二异壬基酯(DINCH)；
所述手套配方混合料，以质量份数计，可以包括：100份的PVC树脂混合料和50份以上的增塑剂。以此比例配制的手套配方混合料柔软度适中，也比较容易熔合。
PVC类一次性手套与手套原料膜的分离方法具体可以是：将手套原料膜四边卡紧，对包括熔合轨迹的熔合为一体的部分施加垂直于所述手套原料膜的压力或拉力，使之与边料部分分离。
对分离的PVC一次性手套还可以进行自动计数以及自动包装，从而进一步减少工人的工作强度，提高生产效率，便于后续工序对手套按定数包装。
其中，步骤102中将手套配方混合料制成混合料薄膜可以采用任意现有的PVC类薄膜制作方法，例如压延法、吹膜法或流延法。
另外，在将手套配方混合料制成混合料薄膜的过程中，增塑剂会有蒸发，增塑剂的蒸发也会污染大气，因此还可以通过以下方法来处理：
收集将所述手套配方混合料制成混合料薄膜的过程中产生的增塑剂蒸汽；
将所述增塑剂蒸汽降温，形成增塑剂液滴；
通过静电吸附回收所述增塑剂液滴。
通过上述方法可以回收蒸发的增塑剂，可以继续作为PVC类一次性手套的生产原料使用，从而节省生产成本，同时也减少了污染。
步骤104A中，在所述手套原料膜的一侧覆盖绝缘层，将有助于防止电磁波束传输过程中产生电火花，从而避免损毁手掌型模具，影响产品质量。
另外，步骤104A中，在手套原料膜表面施加电磁波束的方式任意，例如可以使用如下方式：
将手套原料膜送入两个电极之间，在两个电极之间施加电磁波束，电磁波束的频率任意，只要能够熔化手套原料膜即可，例如国际工业标准的电磁波频率27.12MHz或40.68MHz。
步骤104B中，加热温度范围与手套原料膜的配方有关，对于特定的手套原料膜，当加热温度高于80℃(手套原料膜的临界温度)时可以实现两层手套原料膜的有效热合。
步骤104B中，沿预设轮廓轨迹对所述手套原料膜加热包括：
在2.0秒内将所述手套原料膜在预设轮廓轨迹处加热至等于或高于原料膜热合临界温度，持续0.05秒～5.0秒后停止加热。
步骤105中，在预设轮廓轨迹上施加压力可以使用任意方式，例如可以令上述两个模板之一具有对应预设轮廓轨迹的形状；具体轮廓轨迹可以根据产品形状需要确定。
然后令一个模板向另一个模板移动，将所述手套原料膜压在两个所述模板之间。
例如，步骤105中，在预设轮廓轨迹上施加压力包括：使所述手套原料膜从一冲压模具的固定模板和活动模板之间穿过，所述冲压模具的固定模板和活动模板之一上安装有具有所述预设轮廓轨迹的金 属型模；令所述冲压模具的活动模板向固定模板移动，将所述手套原料膜压在所述冲压模具的固定模板和活动模板之间。
另外，在预设轮廓轨迹上施加压力的同时，还可以将所述手套原料膜预热至不超过90℃。适当的预热，有助于牢固熔合，使成品强度较高。
以下结合具体的实现设备举一个实施例：
1.将PVC树脂粉(可以是纯PVC，也可以是PVC与其它物质的混合料)与DOP或DINP等增塑剂混合形成膏状手套配方混合料，无需填加溶剂油类降粘剂；
2.将上述膏状手套配方混合料输入PVC薄膜成型机(包括压延法、吹膜法、流延法等现有PVC薄膜成型技术)，制备成一定厚度和柔软度的混合料薄膜；
3.在PVC薄膜成型机之上设一漏斗型油气回收装置，将上述膏状手套配方混合料制作混合料薄膜过程中产生的极少量增塑剂蒸汽及时回收；
4.将上述工艺步骤回收到的极少量增塑剂蒸汽降温(一般降到30-60℃范围内)，使之形成油珠；
5.将上述工艺步骤降温的增塑剂蒸汽引入静电除油器，将增塑剂油珠充上一定量的正电荷，使之被吸附到静电除油器的负极板，沿负极板流下，进入增塑剂回收桶；
6A.将工艺步骤2制备的混合料薄膜以双层的方式传入高频电磁波(或称高周波)PVC类一次性手套成型机，从高频电路的两个 可开闭的电极之间穿过，其中一个活动电极上安装一个手掌型的有色金属模，此手掌型模定时移动使高频电磁波能量按手掌边缘的形状穿过双层混合料薄膜，使这部分PVC极性高分子极化并随着高频电路的频率振荡，从而产生内摩擦生热熔化，同时，对所述手套原料膜加热至不超过90℃，并经机械外力将两层混合料薄膜按手掌型压制热熔合，形成PVC类一次性手套；或者
6B.沿手掌型模对所述手套原料膜加热，所述加热温度等于或高于所述手套原料膜热合临界温度，并经机械外力将两层混合料薄膜按手掌型压制热熔合，形成PVC类一次性手套；
7.上述工艺步骤形成的PVC类一次性手套尚无法与周边手套原料膜(边料)完全分离，为避免人工分离增加劳动强度和成本，降低生产效率，再将相连的手套和边料一同输入一自动分离机，先用模具将边料部分卡紧，再用一手掌型分离器下压将手套与边料彻底分开，使手套下落入箱，边料卷起以备以后回炉再熔化重新生产PVC类一次性手套；
8.在上述工艺步骤所述的自动分离机的转动轴上安装一红外计数器，每分离一次PVC类一次性手套计数一次，当被分离的PVC类一次性手套达到一定数量后，手套箱下设置的传动皮带传动一定距离，此后分离的手套下落入另一箱；
9.将上述工艺步骤所述的按定数分离存放的PVC类一次性手套送入一自动包装机，将PVC类一次性手套按定数装箱入库。
本发明不但适用PVC及其混合物生产薄膜型一次性手套，也适 用于TPU、PU，PETG、PET，EVA等其它有极性的塑胶材料以及它们与其它塑胶材料的混合物制成的薄膜而生产一次性手套。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，包括以下步骤：
    将PVC树脂混合料与增塑剂混合形成手套配方混合料；
    将所述手套配方混合料制成混合料薄膜；
    将两层所述混合料薄膜平行放置形成手套原料膜；
    在所述手套原料膜的一侧覆盖绝缘层，在所述手套原料膜的表面施加电磁波束，所述电磁波束在所述手套原料膜的表面按照预设轮廓轨迹分布，使所述电磁波束穿过所述手套原料膜，从而使所述手套原料膜沿所述预设轮廓轨迹有效热合；或者沿预设轮廓轨迹对所述手套原料膜加热，加热温度等于或高于所述手套原料膜热合临界温度，从而实现所述手套原料膜沿所述预设轮廓轨迹的有效热合；
    在所述预设轮廓轨迹上施加压力，使所述手套原料膜中的两层所述混合料薄膜沿所述预设轮廓轨迹受压而熔合为一体；
    沿所述预设轮廓轨迹外沿形成刃形切口，将包括熔合轨迹的熔合为一体的部分从所述手套原料膜中分离，并在所述预设轮廓轨迹的腕部开口，形成PVC类一次性手套。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，在所述预设轮廓轨迹上施加压力的同时，将所述手套原料膜预热至不超过90℃。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，将所述手套配方混合料制成混合料薄膜的步骤包括：
    通过压延法、吹膜法或流延法将所述手套配方混合料制成混合料薄膜。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，进一步包括：
    收集将所述手套配方混合料制成混合料薄膜的过程中产生的增塑剂蒸汽；
    将所述增塑剂蒸汽降温，形成增塑剂液滴；
    通过静电吸附回收所述增塑剂液滴。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，在所述手套原料膜的表面施加电磁波束的步骤包括：
    将所述手套原料膜送入两个电极之间，在所述两个电极之间施加27.12MHz或40.68MHz的电磁波束，两个所述电极之一具有对应所述预设轮廓轨迹的形状。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，在所述预设轮廓轨迹上施加压力的步骤包括：
    令两个所述电极中的一个电极向另一个电极移动，将所述手套原料膜压在两个所述电极之间。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，沿预设轮廓轨迹对所述手套原料膜加热的步骤包括：
    在2.0秒内将所述手套原料膜在所述预设轮廓轨迹处加热至等于或高于所述手套原料膜热合临界温度，持续0.05秒～5.0秒后停止加热。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，在所述预设轮廓轨迹上施加压力的步骤包括：
    使所述手套原料膜从一冲压模具的固定模板和活动模板之间穿过，所述冲压模具的固定模板和活动模板之一上安装有具有所述预设轮廓轨迹的金属型模；
    令所述冲压模具的活动模板向固定模板移动，将所述手套原料膜压在所述冲压模具的固定模板和活动模板之间。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，将包括熔合轨迹的熔合为一体的部分从所述手套原料膜中分离的步骤包括：
    将所述手套原料膜卡紧，对包括熔合轨迹的熔合为一体的部分施加垂直于所述手套原料膜的压力或拉力，使包括熔合轨迹的熔合为一体的部分从所述手套原料膜中分离。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，进一步包括：
    对分离的所述PVC类一次性手套进行计数。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺，所述增塑剂包括：
    邻苯二甲酸二辛酯和/或邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯和/或对苯二甲酸二辛酯和/或环己烷1,2二甲酸二异壬基酯，
    所述手套配方混合料，以质量份数计包括：100份的PVC树脂混合料和50份以上的增塑剂。
  12. 一种PVC类一次性手套，包括根据权利要求1中的PVC类一次性手套的生产工艺生产的两片平行放置的所述手套原料膜；通过在两片所述手套原料膜上施加按照预设轮廓轨迹分布的电磁波束而熔合在一起，或者通过将两片所述手套原料膜加热至超过所述手套原料膜热合临界温度而熔合在一起；所述PVC类一次性手套具有一条贯穿整个手套边缘的熔合缝。
PCT/CN2014/093395 2013-12-10 2014-12-09 Pvc类一次性手套及其生产工艺 WO2015085908A1 (zh)

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