WO2014078918A1 - Flowmeter with central venturi tube - Google Patents
Flowmeter with central venturi tube Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014078918A1 WO2014078918A1 PCT/BR2012/000474 BR2012000474W WO2014078918A1 WO 2014078918 A1 WO2014078918 A1 WO 2014078918A1 BR 2012000474 W BR2012000474 W BR 2012000474W WO 2014078918 A1 WO2014078918 A1 WO 2014078918A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- flow
- central body
- venturi
- main
- central
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
- G01F1/34—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
- G01F1/36—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
- G01F1/40—Details of construction of the flow constriction devices
- G01F1/44—Venturi tubes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a flow measuring device, preferably gas, by means of a sonic venturi. Unlike most sonic venturi meters, which typically have calibration purposes, the invention has direct application in the industrial park, in areas such as production and fluid transfer, among others.
- Flow measurement can currently be done by a variety of methods and there is a wide variety of meter types, and one of the widely used meter classes in industry generally operates from the pressure differentials measured upstream and downstream of a choke. .
- differential pressure generating elements are constraints, such as orifice plates or even venturis.
- Orifice plate gauges are the simplest, smallest cost, low maintenance and easily replaceable. Therefore, the most employed. They consist basically of a precisely calculated and perforated sheet metal which is installed between flanges perpendicular to the pipe axis. Their disadvantage is a high pressure drop, which is unrecoverable.
- Venturi meters are also part of this class of differential pressure meters. Unlike those using orifice plates, they have excellent pressure recovery after restraint, abrasion resistance and produce a much smaller pressure differential. However they have a high cost, maintenance and laborious installation.
- venturi geometry is widely used due to the low pressure drop, besides allowing greater flow calculation precision since it presents lower uncertainty of the adjustment coefficients between the theoretical model and reality.
- Venturi-like geometry is most particularly interesting when it has a sonic flow in its smallest section, known as the venturi throat.
- the sonic nozzles are simple, compact, reliable and mostly accurate. However, given the conditions upstream of a defined sonic nozzle, the critical flow is automatically established, ie the sonic nozzle has virtually no measurable flow range. It is almost a flowmeter for specific values. It is therefore particularly used for calibration of other more flexible (though less accurate) meters and for flow control in certain industrial processes.
- An example is a flute-type flow divider connected to a number of parallel pipes, each pipe being provided with a sonic nozzle of different throat diameter.
- the divider is capable of diverting the flow to the branch containing the appropriate flow nozzle presented at the moment of interest.
- a "drum” or “spool” type rotary housing provided with several parallel sonic nozzles, and with different throat diameters, is connected to a single tube. This drum is rotated until a suitable sonic nozzle for the flow to be measured is aligned with the tube.
- These solutions in addition to not covering the various flow gradations between each throat gauge of the specified sonic nozzles on the drum, are also difficult to apply as the flow must be interrupted to rotate said drum until the nozzle is located. sonic material with adequate geometry to the expected flow in the pipe.
- the rods are fragile and represent retention points of any debris, their supporting structures introduce localized and expressive pressure losses affecting the performance of the sonic nozzle. It is therefore not a solution with robustness or precision.
- venturi nozzles particularly small ones, are costly and difficult to manufacture when tight surface finish and throat tolerance control is desired. This finish is imperative for the accuracy required in flow measurement.
- the present invention aims to solve by enabling a single adjustable sonic nozzle based on the concept of the central body venturi.
- the importance of overcoming the limitation imposed to date with the lack of a high performance variable opening sonic mouthpiece is becoming clear.
- the invention described below aims primarily to provide a sonic nozzle type meter, preferably for gas transport applications, capable of operating over a wide range of flows, with high accuracy and without the need for resources such as drums or tuning deviations. of the operation.
- the present invention relates to a flow measurement device which has a variable passage area ring, basically consisting of five main components: a central body, a housing, an actuator, two reading zones and a flow processor. flow.
- the central body in turn is preferably formed by a drop-shaped revolution solid, and may be subdivided into two distinct portions: the first semi-spherical portion facing the flow direction of flow, and the second portion opposed to the first. portion has the end with a tapered-shaped termination.
- the straight section in which the central body reaches its maximum diameter can be considered as the transition section between the first semi-spherical portion and the second tapered portion.
- the housing is in the form of two cone trunks opposed by the largest diameter.
- a first divergent trunk where the central body is coaxially housed, and in sequence a second convergent trunk.
- the actuator is a precision acting servo device such as a micrometer stepper motor, in which the central body is affixed by means of a fastener such as a rod. Said rod is in turn affixed to the central body in its second tapered portion.
- the actuator allows the central body to be moved in one direction or another coaxially to the flow so that it preferably always remains within the diverging trunk.
- the reading zones are located immediately upstream and downstream of the housing and are aligned and of the same diameter as the normal flow pipe to be measured.
- the upstream reading zone is provided with pressure and temperature sensors, as well as the downstream reading zone, which acts as a flow flow stabilizing portion.
- the flow processor receives data recorded and transferred by upstream and downstream temperature and pressure sensors, and determines which displacement of the central body should occur in order to establish an open throat flow area necessary to make it sonic. .
- the displacement is preferably established according to a table or mathematical relationship recorded on the flow processor itself, by monitoring the vibrations of the central body or the temperature difference between the throat and an appropriate position along the diffuser.
- Figure 1 depicts a schematic side sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
- the present invention relates to a fluid flow meter, particularly gas flowing in pipes. It is basically an annular venturi of variable passage area coupled to a control system that, based on information collected in the venturi, determines the passage area in which there is the transition from subcritical flow to critical flow. Once this area is defined and the upstream conditions and fluid properties are known, an accurate flow calculation is possible.
- the central body venturi nozzle flowmeter (100) is comprised basically of five basic components, namely: a central body (10), a housing (20), an actuator (30), two reading zones (40 and 40 ') and a flow processor (50).
- the central body (0) is preferably formed by a drop-shaped revolution solid, and may be subdivided into two distinct portions: the first semi-spherical portion (11) directed against the flow direction of flow; the second portion (12), as opposed to the first portion (11), has the end with a tapered shaped termination.
- the central body (10) has its second tapered portion (12) attached to an actuator (30) by means of a fastener such as a rod (13).
- the straight section in which the central body (10) reaches its maximum diameter (10 ') can be considered as the transition section between the first semi-spherical portion (11) and the second tapered portion (12).
- the central body (10) can be manufactured in various simple or composite materials, according to the application requirement in terms of surface finish and tolerances. It can be, for example, manufactured in a lower cost material and covered with a nobler one, making it cheaper to manufacture.
- the central body (10) is positioned coaxially within a housing (20), in the form of two cone trunks opposed by the largest diameter.
- the opening angle of the divergent stem (21) of said housing (20) should preferably be in the range 0 to 5 o.
- the converging trunk (22) is preferably in the range of 15 ° to 25 °.
- other inclinations may be employed outside these preferred ranges.
- the central body (10) should be of sufficient length that when mounted within the housing (20), its semi-spherical portion (11) is positioned after the beginning of the divergent trunk (21), and the second tapered portion ( 12), with the respective support rod (13), be positioned before the diverging (21) and converging (22) trunk meeting plane.
- Said rod (13) is in turn affixed to an actuator (30), a precision actuating servo device such as a micrometer stepper motor.
- the actuator allows the central body (10) to be moved in one direction or the other, coaxially to the flow, so that it preferably always remains within the diverging trunk (2).
- Fluid flow occurs in the area formed by the annular between the inner surface of the housing (20) and the outer surface of the central body (10).
- venturi throat (10" The largest diameter section (10 ') of the central body (10) and which is the transition boundary between the nozzle and the diffuser is called the venturi throat (10 ").
- the throat (10 ) is infinitesimal in length, being only a straight section, alternatively a finite length throat can be used.
- the central body (10) in the transition section between the semi-spherical portion (11) and the second tapered portion (12), the central body (10) could have its larger diameter section (10 ') extended over a given length.
- the reading zones 40 and 40 ' Immediately upstream and downstream of the housing 20 are respectively the reading zones 40 and 40 ', aligned and of the same diameter as the normal flow pipe to be measured.
- the upstream reading zone (40) is provided with pressure and temperature sensors (41). Alternatively a point of collection and analysis of fluid composition may also be provided.
- the downstream reading zone 40 ' is also provided with pressure and temperature sensors (41'), but acts as a flow flow stabilizing portion.
- the data recorded by sensors 41 and 41 ' are transferred to a flow processor 50.
- the central body venturi nozzle flowmeter (100) basically consists of a central body venturi nozzle that can be coaxially displaced in a controlled manner within a housing (20).
- the area of greatest flow restriction, that is, the throat area (10 ") of the nozzle venturi is variable.
- the proposed meter functions as a sonic nozzle with a variable opening aligned with the flow.
- Fluid from a certain source flows through the tubing and accesses the central body venturi nozzle flowmeter (100) through the reading zone (40), passes through the annular between the housing (20) and the central body (10) and after leaving the housing (20), flows through the reading area (40 ') to its final destination.
- the central body venturi nozzle flowmeter (100) allows critical flow to be established with little pressure drop.
- the movement of the central body (10) is accomplished by means of a micrometric stepper motor, well known in the state of the art, and the displacement of the central body (10) establishes the open throat flow area (10 ") according to table or mathematical relationship recorded in the flow processor (50).
- the flow processor (50) monitors upstream and downstream pressures and temperatures, and determines which displacement of the central body (10) must occur in order to establish an open throat flow area (10 ") necessary to render him sonic.
- This required displacement can be determined by processing, for example, from mathematical relationships based on previous experimental tests.
- the flow rate should be increased until a critical flow in the throat region is reached, at this point it is known that a shock wave is generated within the venturi, confirming that a critical fluid flow has been established.
- the throat area is varied by changing the positioning of the central body (10) until the sonic flow is established in the annular throat (10 "). pressure, temperature and composition of the fluid upstream of the central body, the flow rate of the network can be accurately calculated.
- the displacement of the central body (10) may be determined by a pressure sensor internally provided with the central body itself (10) (not shown in Figure 1), capable of measuring the flow pressure in the throat (10 "). This additional information is monitored by the flow processor (50) to more accurately determine the correct position the central body (10) must be in so that the venturi throat (10 ") flow is sonic.
- the invention provides a venturi meter that alters its throat area until critical flow to the network flow is achieved.
- Flow processor 50 is also capable of accounting, if available, for fluid composition provided by an online chromatograph not shown in the figure. With this data the flow rate can be established more accurately.
- the vibrations of the shock waves during their displacement within the housing (20), caused by the sudden passage of supersonic to subsonic flow along the diffuser section, can be captured by a sensor provided in the central body (10). , and sent to the flow processor (50).
- the positioning of the central body (10) is varied until it is realized that the shock wave has shifted along the second tapered portion (12) until it reaches the throat (10 ") exactly, when then there is no longer a wave of shock.
- the flow rate can be calculated with high precision.
- temperatures in the throat (10 ") and in a position along the venturi diffuser are monitored.
- the central body (10) is displaced until the difference between these temperatures reaches a maximum meaning that the critical flow was established with the smallest pressure difference along the venturi, meaning that the throat flow (10 " ) is sonic.
- Configurative changes to housing 20 may be introduced without changing the inventive working principle of the central body venturi nozzle flowmeter 100, for example, the first section housing the central body 10 may be altered. convergent and what you ! remains divergent, or the housing 20 may have a profile with a certain curvature (as opposed to the linear profile shown in Figure 1) so that, for example, the variation in the throat area (10 ") caused by the displacement rather than quadratic, follow another law of variation more convenient for control from the flow processor Smooth transitions between measuring sections 40 and 40 'and the housing (20) may also be added. This does not alter the operating principle of the invention.
- the conformation of the first portion (11) may be in the form of a cone or a semi-ellipsoid.
- Vibration-induced central body vibrations may be compensated for by the central body's sustaining shape, by altering the body's rigidity, either by employing suitable materials or with a hollow conformation, especially in the nozzle region. They can even be compensated via software on the flow processor.
- Another unquestionable advantage of adopting the proposed device is that, since it is extremely easy to adapt it to establish a sonic flow in a network whose volume is totally unknown, it can be adopted in all operating units that require precision flow measurement. .
- the invention can be further used to advantage in certain specific applications where it is desired to impose a prescribed flow rate to feed a system.
- the flow processor may adjust the central body to pass the prescribed flow rate by incorporating in one element the measurement and control, whereas in the conventional solution these elements are separated.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR112015002631-1A BR112015002631B1 (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2012-11-23 | central body venturi nozzle flowmeter |
PCT/BR2012/000474 WO2014078918A1 (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2012-11-23 | Flowmeter with central venturi tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/BR2012/000474 WO2014078918A1 (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2012-11-23 | Flowmeter with central venturi tube |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2014078918A1 true WO2014078918A1 (en) | 2014-05-30 |
Family
ID=50775325
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/BR2012/000474 WO2014078918A1 (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2012-11-23 | Flowmeter with central venturi tube |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BR (1) | BR112015002631B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014078918A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104941043A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-09-30 | 深圳市普博科技有限公司 | Calibration method and system for Venturi device |
CN109282864A (en) * | 2018-08-19 | 2019-01-29 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of underground V cone gas flow testing device |
CN111750939A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-09 | 江阴市节流装置厂有限公司 | Throat-adjustable Venturi tube for current limiting test |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB891159A (en) * | 1957-03-20 | 1962-03-14 | Holmes & Co Ltd W C | Improvements in or relating to the reduction or substantial elimination of pressure fluctuations in pipe lines |
US3896670A (en) * | 1970-04-30 | 1975-07-29 | Scans Associates Inc | Venturi meter |
GB2284016A (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-05-24 | British Gas Plc | I.c. engine gas carburettor |
EP0679873A2 (en) * | 1994-04-30 | 1995-11-02 | Horiba, Ltd. | Variable critical flow venturi |
US5880378A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 1999-03-09 | Southwest Research Institute | Critical flow venturi with variable and continuous range |
-
2012
- 2012-11-23 BR BR112015002631-1A patent/BR112015002631B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2012-11-23 WO PCT/BR2012/000474 patent/WO2014078918A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB891159A (en) * | 1957-03-20 | 1962-03-14 | Holmes & Co Ltd W C | Improvements in or relating to the reduction or substantial elimination of pressure fluctuations in pipe lines |
US3896670A (en) * | 1970-04-30 | 1975-07-29 | Scans Associates Inc | Venturi meter |
GB2284016A (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-05-24 | British Gas Plc | I.c. engine gas carburettor |
EP0679873A2 (en) * | 1994-04-30 | 1995-11-02 | Horiba, Ltd. | Variable critical flow venturi |
US5880378A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 1999-03-09 | Southwest Research Institute | Critical flow venturi with variable and continuous range |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104941043A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-09-30 | 深圳市普博科技有限公司 | Calibration method and system for Venturi device |
CN109282864A (en) * | 2018-08-19 | 2019-01-29 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of underground V cone gas flow testing device |
CN111750939A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-09 | 江阴市节流装置厂有限公司 | Throat-adjustable Venturi tube for current limiting test |
CN111750939B (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2022-06-28 | 江阴市节流装置厂有限公司 | Throat diameter adjustable venturi tube for current limiting test |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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BR112015002631B1 (en) | 2019-11-19 |
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