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WO2013129899A1 - Novel method for processing and using carob seeds by heat cooking in an autoclave and separation of the peel by mechanical means - Google Patents

Novel method for processing and using carob seeds by heat cooking in an autoclave and separation of the peel by mechanical means Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013129899A1
WO2013129899A1 PCT/MA2013/000002 MA2013000002W WO2013129899A1 WO 2013129899 A1 WO2013129899 A1 WO 2013129899A1 MA 2013000002 W MA2013000002 W MA 2013000002W WO 2013129899 A1 WO2013129899 A1 WO 2013129899A1
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Prior art keywords
seeds
carob
product
endosperm
seed
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PCT/MA2013/000002
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French (fr)
Inventor
Abdelmejid BAHLOUL
Said KITANE
Mostapha KHLIFA
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Universite Hassan Ii Mohammedia - Casablanca
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Publication of WO2013129899A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013129899A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
    • A23L29/206—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of vegetable origin
    • A23L29/238—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of vegetable origin from seeds, e.g. locust bean gum or guar gum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
    • A23L5/23—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by extraction with solvents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
    • A23V2250/50—Polysaccharides, gums
    • A23V2250/51—Polysaccharide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
    • A23V2250/54—Proteins
    • A23V2250/548—Vegetable protein

Definitions

  • carob valorization remains relatively limited at the industrial level since it is generally limited to the only mechanical treatment, at the crushing stage, to isolate the seeds from the pulp. In addition, most of the production of carob components is for export (seed) or used as feed for livestock (fleshy pulp).
  • this tree is of considerable economic importance; its pods, richer in sugar than sugar cane and sugar beet, are used in the food and pharmacological industry [Makris DP and Kefalas P. (2004). Carob pods (Ceratonia Siliqua L) as a source of polyphenolicantioxidant. Food Technol. Biotechnol. 42: 105-108].
  • the carob tree Native to the Middle East, the carob tree is now widespread throughout the Mediterranean. It occurs naturally in Spain, Portugal, Morocco, Greece, Italy, Turkey, Amsterdam, Tunisia, Egypt and Cyprus.
  • the carob tree In Morocco, the carob tree is present in the form of natural or artificial plantations, throughout the country up to 1150 m altitude except for very arid areas. It is encountered in the Western Rif, Pre-Rif, Gharb, Sais, Anti-Atlas, High Atlas and Central Plateau [Aafi A. (1996). Technical note on the carob tree (Ceratonia Siliqua L). National Center for Forest Research. Rabat (Morocco), 10]. The production areas are located in the regions of Fez, Marrakech, Agadir, Essaouira, Taza, El Hoceima, Beni Mellal, Khenifra, etc.
  • the fruits of the carob tree, the locust beans, are flattened pods, 10 to 30 cm long and 1.5 to 3 cm wide, first green, they turn dark brown when ripe, in July of the following year. They are tough, thick and indehiscent.
  • a carob tree in full production, can provide between 300 and 800 kg of locust beans per year (in September / October). It is currently the most profitable among fruit and forest trees. It can produce from the fourth year and generate between 1,500 and 10,000 DH per tree per year (2004 data). It should also be noted that all the components of the tree (foliage, flower, fruit, wood, bark, root) are useful and valuable.
  • pulp and seed are the two main constituents of the carob pod and represent 90% and 10% of its total weight respectively.
  • the chemical composition of the pulp generally depends on the cultivar, the origin and sometimes the harvest period. Each carob weighs about 15 grams and contains:
  • the fleshy pulp (rich in calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and pectin): consisting of about 50% of sugars (mainly sucrose, glucose, fructose and maltose), 18% of cellulose and hemicellulose, 18 to 20 % tannins, 27-50% fiber, 2-6% protein and 0.4-0.6% lipid with saturated and unsaturated acids in equal proportions [Puhan Z. and Wielinga MW (1996). Products derived from carob pods with special emphasis on carobbean gum (CBG). Report Technical Committee of INEC (unpublished)].
  • sugars mainly sucrose, glucose, fructose and maltose
  • 18% of cellulose and hemicellulose 18 to 20 % tannins
  • 27-50% fiber 2-6% protein and 0.4-0.6% lipid with saturated and unsaturated acids in equal proportions
  • CBG carobbean gum
  • the seed whose integumentary envelope (source of antioxidant polyphenols) represents (30 to 33%), stores two relatively essential nutritive components namely:
  • embryo the germ, called embryo (23 to 25%): rich in protein (52%), in carbohydrates (27%) and can lead to carob germ flour for infant nutrition.
  • albumen (42 to 46%): gelling product (locust bean gum) which is used in the manufacture of a commercial food additive known under the code E410 (texture agent).
  • E410 texture agent
  • the latter is used mainly in the food industry, pharmacy and cosmetics and its price (FOB *) (*: Said the price of a commodity all boarding costs included (comes from English "free on board ”) ranges from 60 to 100 € / kg (in Europe).
  • the present invention describes new techniques by developing milestones for the processing and recovery of carob seeds whose objective is to reach the gelling product described above.
  • the main objective of this patent is the valorization of carob seeds, considered as an agro-food waste, namely that they are indigestible by both humans and animals.
  • valorization of carob seeds considered as an agro-food waste, namely that they are indigestible by both humans and animals.
  • the locust bean seeds (100 kg) according to a production line, undergo in a first stage, a treatment with water and pressure cooking of 4.5 atmospheres and temperature of 100 ° C autoclave system for about two hours in the purpose of easily peeling the integument using a rotating metal grid or a stainless steel device provided with a metal grid fixed to a rigid metal shaft transmitting a rotary movement and for pressing the soft seeds against a grid metallic.
  • the seeds freed from the integument follow an operation involving a strong mechanical agitation and allowing the separation of the endosperm and the seed contained in the nucleus of the seed.
  • the endosperm during the third stage, is bleached with hydrogen peroxide.
  • the gel thus obtained undergoes drying in an oven at 80 ° C followed by milling and sieving to 100 microns to yield our gelling agent (25 to 30 kg) which is a basic product of the commercial additive E410.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to novel integral methods for processing and using the seed that constitutes the carob pod: the carob seed, following water treatment without adding chemical products, followed by cooking under a pressure of 4.5 atmospheres and a temperature of 100 °C in an autoclave system for two to four hours, followed by peeling the skin by means of a screen provided with a stainless-steel mechanical press, under the conditions specified in the present document, allows the endosperm or albumen to be extracted as a gelling product which provides the basis for the commercial food additive E140, which manufacturers in the agri-food industry very often import, in particular from Europe. The gelling agent obtained is a texturing agent and can be used in a plurality of fields, in particular in that of ice-cream, confectionery and dietetic food for children as a milk thickener for gluten-intolerant children.

Description

Description :  Description:
Le Maroc est le second pays producteur mondial de caroube (fruit du caroubier) après l'Espagne [Données 2007 (FAO) : Maroc 24% (60.000 t/an), Espagne 36% (90.000 t/an)]. Cependant, cette richesse naturelle semble être sous exploitée dans notre pays par la population comme par le secteur industriel et ce, à notre avis, pour deux raisons : Morocco is the world's second largest producer of carob (carob fruit) after Spain [2007 data (FAO): Morocco 24% (60,000 t / year), Spain 36% (90,000 t / year)]. However, this natural wealth seems to be underutilized in our country by the population as well as by the industrial sector, and this, in our opinion, for two reasons:
- L'insuffisance au niveau industriel national de programmes et de pratiques de valorisation de caroube.  - National industrial deficiency of carob recovery programs and practices.
Le faible taux d'implication de caroube dans l'économie sociale de notre pays compte tenu que ce patrimoine national ne participe que modérément au développement de la population côtoyant les implantations de caroubier, ce qui va à encontre du développement humain.  The low rate of carob involvement in the social economy of our country given that this national heritage participates only moderately in the development of the population alongside the locust plantations, which goes against human development.
Il en ressort que la valorisation de caroube reste relativement restreinte au niveau industriel puisqu'elle se limite généralement au seul traitement mécanique, au stade de concassage, pour isoler les graines de la pulpe. De plus, la plus grande partie de production des composants de caroube est destinée à l'exportation (les graines) ou utilisée comme aliment pour le bétail (la pulpe charnue).  It appears that the carob valorization remains relatively limited at the industrial level since it is generally limited to the only mechanical treatment, at the crushing stage, to isolate the seeds from the pulp. In addition, most of the production of carob components is for export (seed) or used as feed for livestock (fleshy pulp).
Une revue bibliographique nous semble importante pour mettre en exergue les caractéristiques, les particularités ainsi que la valeur du caroubier. En effet, le caroubier [Ceratonia Siliqua L] fait partie des espèces à grand potentiel mais très peu utilisé dans les efforts de reboisement entrepris dans notre pays. C'est une légumineuse typiquement méditerranéenne, largement répartie au Maroc sous forme de peuplements spontanés ou artificiels [Emberger L. and Maire R. Catalogue des plantes du Maroc. 4 (1941)]. C'est une espèce agro-sylvo pastorale ayant d'énormes intérêts socio-économiques et écologiques [Batlle I. (1997). Current situation and possibilities of development of the carob tree {Ceratonia siliqua L.) inthe Mediterranean région. Unpublished FAO Report. Rome. Italy.171 ; Gharnit N., Et Mtili N., Ennabili A. T. and Ennabili A. (2001). Social characterization and exploitation ofcarob tree {Ceratonia siliqua L.) from Mokrisset and Bab Taza (NW of Morocco). Sci. Lett. 3 n°2]. Grâce à son aptitude à développer différentes stratégies d'adaptation aux contraintes hydriques, cet arbre s'installe favorablement dans les zones arides et semi-arides d'où l'importance de son utilisation de plus en plus conseillée dans les programmes de reforestation et de reboisement. A literature review seems important to highlight the characteristics, characteristics and value of the carob tree. Indeed, the carob tree [Ceratonia Siliqua L] is one of the species with great potential but very little used in the reforestation efforts undertaken in our country. It is a typical Mediterranean legume, widely distributed in Morocco in the form of spontaneous or artificial stands (Emberger L. and Maire R. Catalog des plantes du Maroc. 4 (1941)]. It is an agro-sylvo pastoral species with enormous socio-economic and ecological interests [Batlle I. (1997). Current situation and possibilities of development of the carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) inthe Mediterranean region. Unpublished FAO Report. Rome. Italy.171; Gharnit N., and Mtili N., Ennabili A. T. and Ennabili A. (2001). Social characterization and exploitation of carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) from Mokrisset and Bab Taza (NW of Morocco). Sci. Lett. 3 No. 2]. Thanks to its ability to develop different strategies for adapting to water constraints, this tree is favorably located in arid and semi-arid zones, hence the importance of its use, which is increasingly recommended in reforestation and reforestation.
De plus, cet arbre est d'une importance économique considérable ; ses gousses, plus riche en sucre que la canne à sucre et la betterave sucrière, sont utilisées en industrie alimentaire et pharmacologique [Makris D. P. and Kefalas P. (2004). Carob pods (Ceratonia Siliqua L) as a source of polyphenolicantioxidant. Food Technol. Biotechnol. 42: 105- 108]. Originaire du moyen orient, le caroubier est aujourd'hui répandu dans tout le bassin méditerranéen. On le rencontre à l'état naturel principalement en Espagne, Portugal, Maroc, Grèce, Italie, Turquie, Algérie, Tunisie, Egypte et Chypre. Moreover, this tree is of considerable economic importance; its pods, richer in sugar than sugar cane and sugar beet, are used in the food and pharmacological industry [Makris DP and Kefalas P. (2004). Carob pods (Ceratonia Siliqua L) as a source of polyphenolicantioxidant. Food Technol. Biotechnol. 42: 105-108]. Native to the Middle East, the carob tree is now widespread throughout the Mediterranean. It occurs naturally in Spain, Portugal, Morocco, Greece, Italy, Turkey, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt and Cyprus.
Au Maroc, le caroubier est présent sous forme de plantations naturelles ou artificielles, dans l'ensemble du pays jusqu'à 1150 m d'altitude à l'exception des zones très arides. Il est rencontré dans le Rif occidental, le pré-Rif, le Gharb, le Sais, l'anti-Atlas, le haut-Atlas et le plateau central [Aafi A. (1996). Note technique sur la caroubier (Ceratonia Siliqua L). Centre Nationale de la Recherche Forestière. Rabat (Maroc), 10]. Les zones de production se situent dans les régions de Fès, Marrakech, Agadir, Essaouira, Taza, El Hoceima, Béni Mellal, Khénifra, etc.... In Morocco, the carob tree is present in the form of natural or artificial plantations, throughout the country up to 1150 m altitude except for very arid areas. It is encountered in the Western Rif, Pre-Rif, Gharb, Sais, Anti-Atlas, High Atlas and Central Plateau [Aafi A. (1996). Technical note on the carob tree (Ceratonia Siliqua L). National Center for Forest Research. Rabat (Morocco), 10]. The production areas are located in the regions of Fez, Marrakech, Agadir, Essaouira, Taza, El Hoceima, Beni Mellal, Khenifra, etc.
Les fruits du caroubier, les caroubes, sont des gousses aplaties, de 10 à 30 cm de long sur 1,5 à 3 cm de largeur, d'abord vertes, elles deviennent brun foncé à maturité, en juillet de l'année suivante. Elles sont coriaces, épaisses et indéhiscentes.  The fruits of the carob tree, the locust beans, are flattened pods, 10 to 30 cm long and 1.5 to 3 cm wide, first green, they turn dark brown when ripe, in July of the following year. They are tough, thick and indehiscent.
Un caroubier, en pleine production, peut fournir entre 300 et 800 kg de caroubes par an (en septembre/octobre). Il se révèle actuellement le plus rentable parmi les arbres fruitiers et forestiers. Il peut produire à partir de la quatrième année et générer entre 1.500 et 10. 000 DH par arbre et par an (données 2004). Il faut noter également que toutes les composantes de l'arbre (feuillage, fleur, fruit, bois, écorce, racine) sont utiles et ont de la valeur. A carob tree, in full production, can provide between 300 and 800 kg of locust beans per year (in September / October). It is currently the most profitable among fruit and forest trees. It can produce from the fourth year and generate between 1,500 and 10,000 DH per tree per year (2004 data). It should also be noted that all the components of the tree (foliage, flower, fruit, wood, bark, root) are useful and valuable.
Par ailleurs, la pulpe et la graine sont les deux principaux constituants de la gousse de caroube et représentent respectivement 90% et 10% de son poids total. Selon notre propre étude récente [Khlifa M., Bahloul A., Kitane S., Détermination of Chemical Composition of Carob Pod (Ceratonia Siliqua L) and its Morphological Study, J. Mater. Environ. Sci. 4 (3) (2013) 348-353] ainsi que d'autres études [Albanell E., Caja G. and Plaixats J., Characterization of Spanish carob pod and nutritive value of carob kibbles. Options Méditerranéennes 16 (1991) 135- 136], la composition chimique de la pulpe dépend en générale du cultivar, de l'origine et parfois de la période de récolte. Chaque caroube pèse une quinzaine de grammes et contient : In addition, pulp and seed are the two main constituents of the carob pod and represent 90% and 10% of its total weight respectively. According to our own recent study [Khlifa M., Bahloul A., Kitane S., Determination of Chemical Composition Carob Pod (Ceratonia Siliqua L) and its Morphological Study, J. Mater. About. Sci. 4 (3) (2013) 348-353] as well as other studies [Albanell E., Caja G. and J. Plaixats, Characterization of Spanish carob pod and nutritional value of carob kibbles. Mediterranean Options 16 (1991) 135-136], the chemical composition of the pulp generally depends on the cultivar, the origin and sometimes the harvest period. Each carob weighs about 15 grams and contains:
— La pulpe charnue (riche en calcium, phosphore, potassium, magnésium, et pectine) : constituée d'environ 50 % de sucres (principalement saccharose, glucose, fructose et maltose), 18 % de cellulose et d' hémicellulose, 18 à 20 % de tanins, 27-50 % de fibres, 2-6 % de protéines et 0,4-0,6 % de lipides dont les acides saturés et insaturés sont en proportions égales [Puhan Z. and Wielinga M. W. (1996). Products derived from carob pods with particular emphasis on carobbean gum (CBG). Report Technical Committee of INEC (unpublished)]. - 10 à 15 graines : La graine, très dure et indigestible par l'être humain comme par l'animal, est composée essentiellement d' antioxydants et de polysaccharides (galactose et mannose dans une proportion de 1 : 4). Elles ont servi d'unité de mesure dans l'antiquité. Leur nom est à l'origine du carat dans le commerce des pierres précieuses (lcarat = 200 mg). - The fleshy pulp (rich in calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and pectin): consisting of about 50% of sugars (mainly sucrose, glucose, fructose and maltose), 18% of cellulose and hemicellulose, 18 to 20 % tannins, 27-50% fiber, 2-6% protein and 0.4-0.6% lipid with saturated and unsaturated acids in equal proportions [Puhan Z. and Wielinga MW (1996). Products derived from carob pods with special emphasis on carobbean gum (CBG). Report Technical Committee of INEC (unpublished)]. - 10 to 15 seeds: The seed, very hard and indigestible by the human being as by the animal, is composed essentially of antioxidants and polysaccharides (galactose and mannose in a proportion of 1: 4). They served as units of measurement in antiquity. Their name is at the origin of the carat in the trade of precious stones (lcarat = 200 mg).
Il est à noter que la graine dont l'enveloppe tégumentaire (source de polyphénols antioxydants) représente (30 à 33%), emmagasine deux composants nutritifs relativement essentiels à savoir :  It should be noted that the seed whose integumentary envelope (source of antioxidant polyphenols) represents (30 to 33%), stores two relatively essential nutritive components namely:
- le germe, appelé embryon, (23 à 25%) : riche en protéines (52 %), en carbohydrates (27 %) et peut conduire à la farine de germe de caroube destinée à la nutrition infantile. - the germ, called embryo (23 to 25%): rich in protein (52%), in carbohydrates (27%) and can lead to carob germ flour for infant nutrition.
- l'endosperme, appelé albumen (42 à 46%) : produit gélifiant (gomme de caroube) qui rentre dans la fabrication d'un additif alimentaire commercial connu sous le code E410 (agent de texture). Ce dernier est utilisé principalement dans l'industrie alimentaire, la pharmacie et la cosmétique et son prix (FOB*) (* : Se dit du prix d'une marchandise tous frais d'embarquement compris (vient de l'anglais "free on board") varie de 60 à 100€/kg (en Europe). - the endosperm, called albumen (42 to 46%): gelling product (locust bean gum) which is used in the manufacture of a commercial food additive known under the code E410 (texture agent). The latter is used mainly in the food industry, pharmacy and cosmetics and its price (FOB *) (*: Said the price of a commodity all boarding costs included (comes from English "free on board ") ranges from 60 to 100 € / kg (in Europe).
Il existe au Maroc une vingtaine d'unités concasseurs, de transformation et de production de la gomme (poudre de graine de caroube). Cependant, les gousses entières, la pulpe, les graines et la gomme font l'objet d'un commerce important en direction de l'Europe. En 2003, le volume et la valeur des exportations en gousses de caroube correspond à 10410 tonnes soit 192 millions DH, mucilage et épaississants de caroube : 2037 tonnes soit 136 millions DH [16]. De plus, La demande mondiale pour la gomme correspond à environ 35000 tonnes de graines. There are twenty crushing units in Morocco, processing and production of gum (carob seed powder). However, whole pods, pulp, seeds and gum are traded extensively to Europe. In 2003, the volume and value of exports of carob pods corresponded to 10410 tonnes, ie 192 million DH, mucilage and carob thickeners: 2037 tonnes or 136 million DH [16]. In addition, the global demand for gum is about 35,000 tons of seeds.
Ainsi, la présente invention décrit de nouvelles techniques en mettant au point des étapes déterminantes pour le traitement et valorisation des graines de caroube dont l'objectif est d'atteindre le produit gélifiant décrit auparavant. Thus, the present invention describes new techniques by developing milestones for the processing and recovery of carob seeds whose objective is to reach the gelling product described above.
Etat de l'art : State of the art :
Ce présent brevet a comme objectif principal la valorisation des graines de caroube considérées comme un déchet agro-alimentaire à savoir qu'elles sont indigestibles aussi bien par l'être humain que par les animaux. Ainsi, nous avons mis en œuvre un procédé écologique pour l'extraction du gélifiant à partir des graines de caroube sans utilisation de produit chimique. The main objective of this patent is the valorization of carob seeds, considered as an agro-food waste, namely that they are indigestible by both humans and animals. Thus, we implemented an ecological process for extracting the gelling agent from carob seeds without the use of chemicals.
Notre procédé peut être appliqué dans une entreprise ou unité céréalière intégrant plusieurs chaînes de production. Les graines de caroube (100 kg) selon une chaîne de production, subissent dans une première étape, un traitement à l'eau et cuisson sous pression de 4,5 atmosphères et température de 100°C en système autoclave pendant environ deux heures dans le but d'éplucher facilement le tégument à l'aide d'une grille métallique rotative ou d'un dispositif en inox munie d'une grille métallique fixé à un arbre métallique rigide transmettant un mouvement rotatoire et permettant de presser les graines tendres contre une grille métallique. Our process can be applied in a company or grain unit integrating several production lines. The locust bean seeds (100 kg) according to a production line, undergo in a first stage, a treatment with water and pressure cooking of 4.5 atmospheres and temperature of 100 ° C autoclave system for about two hours in the purpose of easily peeling the integument using a rotating metal grid or a stainless steel device provided with a metal grid fixed to a rigid metal shaft transmitting a rotary movement and for pressing the soft seeds against a grid metallic.
Nous abandonnons ainsi le traitement acide (sulfurique) non écologique souvent préconisé dans les procédés de préparation de la gomme de caroube, en faveur de notre méthode utilisant le système autoclave sans ajout de produits chimiques.  We are abandoning the non-ecological acid (sulfuric) treatment often recommended in carob gum preparation processes, in favor of our autoclave-based method without the addition of chemicals.
Dans une deuxième étape, les graines débarrassées du tégument suivent une opération impliquant une forte agitation mécanique et permettant la séparation de l'endosperme et du germe contenus dans le noyau de la graine.  In a second step, the seeds freed from the integument follow an operation involving a strong mechanical agitation and allowing the separation of the endosperm and the seed contained in the nucleus of the seed.
L'endosperme, au cours de la troisième étape, subit un blanchiment au moyen de l'eau oxygénée. Le gel ainsi obtenu subit un séchage à l'étuve à 80°C suivi d'un broyage et de tamisage à 100 microns pour conduire à notre gélifiant (25 à 30 kg) qui est un produit de base de l'additif commercial E410. The endosperm, during the third stage, is bleached with hydrogen peroxide. The gel thus obtained undergoes drying in an oven at 80 ° C followed by milling and sieving to 100 microns to yield our gelling agent (25 to 30 kg) which is a basic product of the commercial additive E410.
Le germe obtenu (25-30 kg) après séparation (endosperme-germe) peut être exploité dans le secteur industriel d'alimentation infantile vu qu'il est riche en protéines [Brevet européen N°99202409.1 , Société des Produits NESTLE S.A. 1800 Vevey (CH)]. The germ obtained (25-30 kg) after separation (endosperm-germ) can be exploited in the industrial sector of infant feeding because it is rich in proteins [European Patent No. 99202409.1, NESTLE Products Company SA 1800 Vevey ( CH)].
Le schéma de la page 7 récapitule toutes les étapes de notre procédé concernant le traitement et la valorisation de la graine de caroube. The diagram on page 7 summarizes all the steps of our process concerning the treatment and the valorization of the carob seed.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1- Nous revendiquons le procédé de traitement des graines de caroube (100 kg) par de l'eau (200 à 400 litres) sans additifs chimiques ni acide ni base ou autre et cuisson en système autoclave sous pression de 4,5 bars et une température de 100°C pendant environ deux à quatre heures pour permettre d'éplucher facilement le tégument au moyen d'une grille métallique munie d'une presse rotatoire en inox. Les graines ainsi débarrassées du tégument, subissent une opération de séparation, par frottement mécanique sous agitation, des deux composants de la graine : le germe (25 à 30 kg) et l'endosperme. Ce dernier subit un blanchiment à l'aide de l'eau oxygénée. Après filtration, on obtient le produit gélifiant qui, après séchage à l'étuve à 80°C suivi d'un broyage et tamisage à 100 microns, conduit au "gélifiant" (25 à 30kg) qui constitue un produit de base de l'additif commercial E410. 1- We claim the process of treatment of carob seeds (100 kg) with water (200 to 400 liters) without chemical additives or acid or base or other and autoclave autoclave at 4.5 bar pressure and a temperature of 100 ° C for about two to four hours to easily peel the integument by means of a metal grid equipped with a rotary stainless steel press. The seeds thus freed from the integument, undergo an operation of separation, by mechanical friction with stirring, of the two components of the seed: the seed (25 to 30 kg) and the endosperm. The latter undergoes bleaching with hydrogen peroxide. After filtration, the gelling product is obtained which, after drying in an oven at 80 ° C followed by grinding and sieving to 100 microns, leads to the "gelling agent" (25 to 30 kg) which constitutes a basic product of the commercial additive E410.
2- Le procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les graines sont épluchées à l'aide d'une presse en inox muni d'un arbre rotatoire rigide permettant de presser les graines tendres contre une grille métallique. 2- The method of claim 1, characterized in that the seeds are peeled using a stainless steel press provided with a rigid rotary shaft for pressing the soft seeds against a metal grid.
3- Le procédé selon les revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les graines débarrassées du tégument subissent une forte agitation mécanique permettant par frottement la séparation mécanique de l'endosperme et du germe contenus dans le noyau de la graine. 3- The method according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the seeds freed from the integument undergo a strong mechanical agitation allowing friction mechanical separation of the endosperm and germ contained in the seed core.
4- Le procédé selon les revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'endosperme subit une opération de blanchiment au moyen de l'eau oxygénée pendant 24 heures. Le produit obtenu après filtration conduit à un produit sous forme de gel. 4- The method according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the endosperm undergoes a bleaching operation using hydrogen peroxide for 24 hours. The product obtained after filtration leads to a product in gel form.
5- Le procédé selon les revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le gélifiant subit un séchage à l'étuve à 80°C suivi d'un broyage et tamisage à 100 microns et donne 25 à 30 kg du produit gélifiant sous forme de poudre. 5. The method according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the gelling agent is oven-dried at 80 ° C followed by milling and sieving at 100 microns and gives 25 to 30 kg of the gelling product in powder form.
6- Le procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le germe brut obtenu (25-30 kg) après séparation (endosperme-germe) peut faire l'objet de produit intéressant l'industrie de l'alimentation infantile vu qu'il est riche en protéines. 6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the crude germ obtained (25-30 kg) after separation (endosperm-germ) can be the subject of product of interest to the infant feeding industry as it is rich in protein.
PCT/MA2013/000002 2012-02-15 2013-02-14 Novel method for processing and using carob seeds by heat cooking in an autoclave and separation of the peel by mechanical means WO2013129899A1 (en)

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MA34636A MA35569B1 (en) 2012-02-15 2012-02-15 New processes for the treatment and recovery of carob seed by thermal baking in autoclaves and mechanical separation of the peel
MA34636 2012-02-15

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019059751A1 (en) 2017-09-25 2019-03-28 Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah Novel locust bean dehulling method

Citations (7)

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US5043160A (en) * 1985-08-30 1991-08-27 Nestec S. A. Treatment of diarrhoea with compositions derived from carob pod
EP0525236A1 (en) * 1991-07-31 1993-02-03 Societe Des Produits Nestle S.A. Method for obtaining an anti-diarrhoea product based on carob
EP0616780A2 (en) * 1993-03-26 1994-09-28 Compania General Del Algarrobo De Espana, S.A. Natural carob fibre and a procedure for its production
EP0689771A1 (en) * 1994-06-03 1996-01-03 Meyhall Chemical A.G. High-protein carob germ fraction
FR2798141A1 (en) * 1999-09-07 2001-03-09 Rhodia Chimie Sa PROCESS FOR PRODUCING EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES
FR2810324A1 (en) * 2000-06-19 2001-12-21 Rhodia Food S A S SOLUBLE CAROB
US20060003063A1 (en) * 2002-08-06 2006-01-05 Ruiz-Roso Calvo De Mora Baltas Denatured carob flour (dcf) with a low content of soluble tannins and sugars, meant for human consumption and process to obtain it

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5043160A (en) * 1985-08-30 1991-08-27 Nestec S. A. Treatment of diarrhoea with compositions derived from carob pod
EP0525236A1 (en) * 1991-07-31 1993-02-03 Societe Des Produits Nestle S.A. Method for obtaining an anti-diarrhoea product based on carob
EP0616780A2 (en) * 1993-03-26 1994-09-28 Compania General Del Algarrobo De Espana, S.A. Natural carob fibre and a procedure for its production
EP0689771A1 (en) * 1994-06-03 1996-01-03 Meyhall Chemical A.G. High-protein carob germ fraction
FR2798141A1 (en) * 1999-09-07 2001-03-09 Rhodia Chimie Sa PROCESS FOR PRODUCING EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES
FR2810324A1 (en) * 2000-06-19 2001-12-21 Rhodia Food S A S SOLUBLE CAROB
US20060003063A1 (en) * 2002-08-06 2006-01-05 Ruiz-Roso Calvo De Mora Baltas Denatured carob flour (dcf) with a low content of soluble tannins and sugars, meant for human consumption and process to obtain it

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019059751A1 (en) 2017-09-25 2019-03-28 Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah Novel locust bean dehulling method

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