WO2013081157A1

WO2013081157A1 - Process for producing cyclic carbonate

Info

Publication number: WO2013081157A1
Application number: PCT/JP2012/081217
Authority: WO
Inventors: 直人青柳; 遠藤　剛
Original assignee: 和光純薬工業株式会社
Priority date: 2011-12-02
Filing date: 2012-12-01
Publication date: 2013-06-06
Also published as: JP6146312B2; JPWO2013081157A1

Abstract

An objective of the present invention is to provide a practical production method in consideration of reducing environmental load, which can produce cyclic carbonate at a good yield under mild conditions such as room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and in which cyclic carbonate, which is widely used for various purposes such as, for example, an electrolyte for lithium ion secondary batteries and raw materials for plastic, is produced through a reaction of epoxide (oxirane) and carbon dioxide. The present invention relates to a method for producing cyclic carbonate, characterized by reacting epoxide and carbon dioxide with an amine compound in the presence of hydrogen iodide, wherein the amine compound is selected, as a primary to tertiary amine having a pKa of 8 or more, from monoamine, cyclic amidine, and guanidine.

Description

Method for producing cyclic carbonate

The present invention relates to a method for producing a cyclic carbonate that is widely used in various applications such as an electrolytic solution of a lithium ion secondary battery and a plastic raw material. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a cyclic carbonate using carbon dioxide.

In recent years, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been steadily increasing and is regarded as a problem as a cause of global warming. On the other hand, if carbon dioxide can be effectively utilized and converted into a functional material or the like, carbon dioxide can be regarded as one of resources that can be obtained inexhaustibly.

Since cyclic carbonates that can be synthesized from carbon dioxide are widely used in various applications such as electrolytes for lithium ion secondary batteries and plastic raw materials, various synthetic methods have been studied. However, most of the synthesis methods require either high temperature (100 to 150 ° C.), high pressure (tens of atmospheres) or both, and have not yet been put into practical use in consideration of reducing the environmental load. It's real. Specifically, a method using, for example, lithium bromide which is a metal salt (for example, Non-Patent Document 1) requires a high temperature condition under normal pressure conditions, for example, a method using a quaternary ammonium salt (for example, Non-Patent Document 2). Etc.) require high-pressure conditions in addition to high-temperature conditions while being metal-free (metal-free). In addition to these methods, various methods for synthesizing cyclic carbonates are known (for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, Non-Patent Document 3, Non-Patent Document 4, (Non-Patent Document 5, Non-Patent Document 6, etc.) and any of the synthesis methods require high temperature, high pressure, or both conditions.

Recently, a composite catalyst having both the characteristics of a metal and a quaternary ammonium salt has been developed and used for a carbonate reaction under normal temperature and normal pressure conditions (for example, Non-Patent Document 7). However, since this composite catalyst is an expensive metal coordination catalyst that requires multiple steps for its synthesis, there is a difficulty in practicality.

JP 47-31981 JP-A 62-45584 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-202022 International Publication No. WO2005 / 084841

As described above, various methods for synthesizing cyclic carbonates using carbon dioxide have been known for a long time, but these methods require the use of metals such as alkali metals that require high temperature and high pressure conditions. There are still problems in terms of environmental impact, such as the need for a removal step because of the use of the catalyst, and the high cost of the catalyst. For this reason, even today, there is a demand for establishment of a method for synthesizing a cyclic carbonate in consideration of reducing the environmental burden.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned situation, and not only can produce a wide variety of cyclic carbonates with high yield even when the reaction is performed under mild conditions such as normal temperature and normal pressure, but also the environment. An object of the present invention is to provide a practical cyclic carbonate production method in consideration of load reduction. As a result of intensive research on such a production method, the present inventors have found that in the reaction of epoxide (oxirane) with carbon dioxide, the primary to tertiary amine having a pKa of 8 or more, a monoamine, By using an amine compound selected from cyclic amidine and guanidine and hydrogen iodide, it has been found that the above-described object can be achieved, and the present invention has been completed.

In the present invention, an epoxide and carbon dioxide are reacted in the presence of hydrogen iodide with an amine compound selected from monoamine, cyclic amidine and guanidine, which is a primary to tertiary amine having a pKa of 8 or more. It is invention of the manufacturing method of cyclic carbonate characterized by these.

In the production of a cyclic carbonate by the reaction of epoxide (oxirane) and carbon dioxide, a primary or tertiary amine having a pKa of 8 or more, an amine compound selected from monoamine, cyclic amidine and guanidine, and hydrogen iodide By using this, the cyclic carbonate can be produced with good yield even under mild conditions such as normal temperature and normal pressure.

In the present invention, a primary to tertiary amine having a pKa of 8 or more, and when an amine compound selected from monoamines, cyclic amidines and guanidines and hydrogen iodide are used, the reason why the above-described effects can be obtained. It is considered as follows. That is, it is a primary to tertiary amine having a pKa of 8 or more and is selected from monoamines, cyclic amidines and guanidines (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as amine compounds according to the present invention) and iodide. An amine compound salt prepared from hydrogen and having a proton and iodine anion (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as the amine compound salt according to the present invention) is a catalyst (hereinafter referred to as “catalyst”) in a reaction of epoxide (oxirane) with carbon dioxide. It is considered that the cyclic carbonate can be produced in good yield even under mild conditions such as normal temperature and normal pressure.

Moreover, such an amine compound salt having proton and iodine anion can be synthesized easily and inexpensively in one step from the amine compound according to the present invention and hydrogen iodide, and is also a metal-free (metal-free) catalyst. Therefore, the production method of the present invention using the catalyst (amine compound salt) is useful from the viewpoint of green chemistry, and is a practical production method considering reduction of environmental burden.

The method for producing a cyclic carbonate of the present invention comprises a reaction between an epoxide (oxirane) and carbon dioxide, a primary to tertiary amine having a pKa of 8 or more, and an amine compound selected from monoamine, cyclic amidine and guanidine. And in the presence of hydrogen iodide.

The amine compound according to the present invention is an amine having at least one amino group and a pKa of 8 or more, may have a plurality of amino groups, and has other functional groups such as a hydroxyl group. You may do it. Specific examples of such amine compounds include those selected from, for example, monoamines represented by the following general formula [1], cyclic amidines represented by the following general formula [2], and guanidines represented by the following general formula [3]. Can be mentioned.

(Wherein R ¹ represents a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, and R ² and R ³ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon number 1 to 10 linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups.)

(Wherein R ⁴ and R ⁵ are bonded to each other to represent an alkylene chain having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and together with the nitrogen atom bonded thereto and the carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom, 5- to 8-membered members) Each of R ⁶ and R ⁷ independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or R ⁶ and R ⁷ , And may form a ring structure.)

(Wherein R ⁸ represents a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a hetero atom, or an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms; R ⁹ , R ¹⁰ , R ¹¹ and R ¹² each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or R ⁸ and R ⁹ , R ⁹ and R ¹⁰ , R ¹⁰ and R ¹¹ , R ¹¹ and R ¹² or R ⁸ and R ¹² may form a cyclic structure.)

Specific examples of the branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R ¹ in the general formula [1] include isopropyl group, isobutyl group, s-butyl group, t-butyl group, Cyclobutyl group, isopentyl group, s-pentyl group, t-pentyl group, neopentyl group, 2-methylbutyl group, 1,2-dimethylpropyl group, 1-ethylpropyl group, cyclopentyl group, isohexyl group, s-hexyl group, t -Hexyl group, neohexyl group, 2-methylpentyl group, 1,2-dimethylbutyl group, 2,3-dimethylbutyl group, 1-ethylbutyl group, cyclohexyl group, isoheptyl group, s-heptyl group, t-heptyl group, Neoheptyl, cycloheptyl, isooctyl, s-octyl, t-octyl, neooctyl, 2-ethylhexyl, cyclooctyl Group, isononyl group, s-nonyl group, t-nonyl group, neononyl group, cyclononyl group, isodecyl group, s-decyl group, t-decyl group, neodecyl group, cyclodecyl group, bornyl group, menthyl group, adamantyl group, Examples thereof include decahydronaphthyl group, among which t-alkyl groups having 4 to 6 carbon atoms such as t-butyl group, t-pentyl group and t-hexyl group, such as cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group and cycloheptyl group. A cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms (cycloalkyl group) such as a cyclooctyl group is preferred, and among them, a t-butyl group and a cyclohexyl group are more preferred. In the above specific examples, s- represents a sec-form and t- represents a tert-form.

The aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms represented by R ¹ and R ⁸ in the general formulas [1] and [3] may be either monocyclic or condensed polycyclic. Examples include benzyl group, phenethyl group, methylbenzyl group, phenylpropyl group, 1-methylphenylethyl group, phenylbutyl group, 2-methylphenylpropyl group, tetrahydronaphthyl group, naphthylmethyl group, naphthylethyl group, etc. However, for example, an aralkyl group having 7 carbon atoms such as a benzyl group is preferred.

A straight chain having 1 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R ² , R ³ , R ⁶ , R ⁷ , R ⁹ , R ¹⁰ , R ¹¹ and R ¹² in the general formulas [1], [2] and [3], Specific examples of the branched or cyclic alkyl group include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, s-butyl group, t-butyl group, and cyclobutyl. Group, n-pentyl group, isopentyl group, s-pentyl group, t-pentyl group, neopentyl group, 2-methylbutyl group, 1,2-dimethylpropyl group, 1-ethylpropyl group, cyclopentyl group, n-hexyl group, Isohexyl group, s-hexyl group, t-hexyl group, neohexyl group, 2-methylpentyl group, 1,2-dimethylbutyl group, 2,3-dimethylbutyl group, 1-ethylbutyl group, cyclohexyl group, n-heptyl , Isoheptyl group, s-heptyl group, t-heptyl group, neoheptyl group, cycloheptyl group, n-octyl group, isooctyl group, s-octyl group, t-octyl group, neooctyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, cyclooctyl group N-nonyl group, isononyl group, s-nonyl group, t-nonyl group, neononyl group, cyclononyl group, n-decyl group, isodecyl group, s-decyl group, t-decyl group, neodecyl group, cyclodecyl group, bornyl Group, menthyl group, adamantyl group, decahydronaphthyl group and the like. In the specific examples described above, n- represents a normal isomer, s- represents a sec isomer, and t- represents a tert isomer.

Specific examples of the linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a hetero atom represented by R ⁸ in the general formula [3] include, for example, a methyl group, Ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, s-butyl group, t-butyl group, cyclobutyl group, n-pentyl group, isopentyl group, s-pentyl group, t-pentyl group, Neopentyl group, 2-methylbutyl group, 1,2-dimethylpropyl group, 1-ethylpropyl group, cyclopentyl group, n-hexyl group, isohexyl group, s-hexyl group, t-hexyl group, neohexyl group, 2-methylpentyl Group, 1,2-dimethylbutyl group, 2,3-dimethylbutyl group, 1-ethylbutyl group, cyclohexyl group, n-heptyl group, isoheptyl group, s-heptyl group, t-heptyl group, Octyl group, cycloheptyl group, n-octyl group, isooctyl group, s-octyl group, t-octyl group, neooctyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, cyclooctyl group, n-nonyl group, isononyl group, s-nonyl group, t-nonyl group, neononyl group, cyclononyl group, n-decyl group, isodecyl group, s-decyl group, t-decyl group, neodecyl group, cyclodecyl group, bornyl group, menthyl group, adamantyl group, decahydronaphthyl group, etc. A linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms having no hetero atom, such as a hydroxymethyl group, a hydroxyethyl group, a hydroxypropyl group, a hydroxybutyl group, a hydroxypentyl group, a hydroxyhexyl group, Hydroxyheptyl group, hydroxyoctyl group, hydroxynonyl group, hydroxydecyl group Methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, methoxypropyl, methoxybutyl, methoxypentyl, methoxyhexyl, methoxyheptyl, methoxyoctyl, methoxynonyl, ethoxymethyl, ethoxyethyl, ethoxypropyl, ethoxybutyl Group, ethoxypentyl group, ethoxyhexyl group, ethoxyheptyl group, ethoxyoctyl group, propoxymethyl group, propoxyethyl group, propoxybutyl group, propoxypentyl group, propoxyhexyl group, propoxyheptyl group, butoxymethyl group, butoxyethyl group, Butoxypropyl group, butoxybutyl group, butoxypentyl group, butoxyhexyl group, pentyloxymethyl group, pentyloxyethyl group, pentyloxypropyl group, pentyloxybutyl group, Nyloxypentyl group, hexyloxymethyl group, hexyloxyethyl group, hexyloxypropyl group, hexyloxybutyl group, heptyloxymethyl group, heptyloxyethyl group, heptyloxypropyl group, octyloxymethyl group, octyloxyethyl group Nonyloxymethyl group, dimethylaminomethyl group, dimethylaminoethyl group, dimethylaminopropyl group, dimethylaminobutyl group, dimethylaminopentyl group, dimethylaminohexyl group, dimethylaminoheptyl group, dimethylaminooctyl group, ethylmethylaminomethyl Group, ethylmethylaminoethyl group, ethylmethylaminopropyl group, ethylmethylaminobutyl group, ethylmethylaminopentyl group, ethylmethylaminohexyl group, ethylmethylaminoheptyl Group, diethylaminomethyl group, diethylaminoethyl group, diethylaminopropyl group, diethylaminobutyl group, diethylaminopentyl group, diethylaminohexyl group, dipropylaminomethyl group, dipropylaminoethyl group, dipropylaminopropyl group, dipropylaminobutyl group A linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms having a hetero atom such as a dibutylaminomethyl group or a dibutylaminoethyl group, and a hetero atom such as a nitrogen atom, A -butyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an n-octyl group, a hydroxyethyl group, a methoxyethyl group, and a dimethylaminoethyl group are preferable, and among them, an n-butyl group is more preferable. In the specific examples described above, n- represents a normal isomer, s- represents a sec isomer, and t- represents a tert isomer.

When R ⁴ and R ⁵ in the general formula [2] are bonded together to represent an alkylene chain having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, R ⁴ and R ⁵ form an alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, It means that a 5- to 8-membered ring is formed together with a nitrogen atom bonded to an alkylene group and a carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Specific examples of the alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms include dimethylene group (ethylene group), trimethylene group (propane-1,3-diyl group), tetramethylene group (butane-1,4- Diyl group), pentamethylene group (pentane-1,5-diyl group) and the like. Among them, a trimethylene group (propane-1,3-diyl group) which is an alkylene group having 3 carbon atoms is preferable. Specific examples of such a 5- to 8-membered ring include, for example, 2-imidazoline ring, 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine ring, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-1,3- Examples thereof include a diazepine ring, among which a 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine ring which is a 6-membered ring is preferable.

R ⁶ and R ⁷ in the general formula [2] may form a cyclic structure. R ⁶ and R ⁷ form an alkylene group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and bond to the alkylene group. This means that a 5- to 8-membered ring may be formed together with the nitrogen and carbon atoms. Specific examples of such an alkylene group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms include trimethylene group (propane-1,3-diyl group), tetramethylene group (butane-1,4-diyl group), and pentamethylene group. (Pentane-1,5-diyl group) and the like, hexamethylene group (hexane-1,6-diyl group), and the like. Among them, pentamethylene group (pentane-1,5) which is an alkylene group having 5 carbon atoms is mentioned. -Diyl group) is preferred. Specific examples of such a 5- to 8-membered ring include, for example, a pyrrolidine ring, a piperidine ring, a hexamethyleneimine ring (azepane ring), a heptamethyleneimine ring (azocan ring), and among others, a pyrrolidine ring. A hexamethyleneimine ring (azepane ring) is preferable, and among them, a hexamethyleneimine ring (azepane ring) that is a seven-membered ring is more preferable.

R ⁸ and R ⁹ , R ¹⁰ and R ¹¹ , or R ⁸ and R ¹² in the general formula [3] may form a cyclic structure as R ⁸ and R ⁹ , R ¹⁰ and R ¹¹ or R ⁸ and R ¹² form an alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and together with the nitrogen atom bonded to the alkylene group and the carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom, forms a 5- to 8-membered ring. It means that you may. Specific examples of the alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms include dimethylene group (ethylene group), trimethylene group (propane-1,3-diyl group), tetramethylene group (butane-1,4- Diyl group), pentamethylene group (pentane-1,5-diyl group) and the like. Among them, a trimethylene group (propane-1,3-diyl group) which is an alkylene group having 3 carbon atoms is preferable. Specific examples of such 5- to 8-membered rings include, for example, 2-imidazoline ring, imidazolidine ring, 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine ring, hexahydropyrimidine ring, 4,5,6,7 -Tetrahydro-1H-1,3-diazepine ring, hexahydro-1H-1,3-diazepine ring and the like are mentioned, among which 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine ring and hexahydropyrimidine ring are preferable.

In the general formula [3], R ⁹ and R ¹⁰ or R ¹¹ and R ¹² may form a cyclic structure that R ⁹ and R ¹⁰ or R ¹¹ and R ¹² have 4 to 6 carbon atoms. This means that an alkylene group may be formed and a 5- to 7-membered ring may be formed together with the nitrogen atom bonded to the alkylene group. Specific examples of the alkylene group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms include a tetramethylene group (butane-1,4-diyl group), a pentamethylene group (pentane-1,5-diyl group), and hexamethylene. Group (hexane-1,6-diyl group) and the like. Among them, a pentamethylene group (pentane-1,5-diyl group) which is an alkylene group having 5 carbon atoms is preferable. Specific examples of such a 5- to 7-membered ring include, for example, a pyrrolidine ring, a piperidine ring, a hexamethyleneimine ring (azepane ring), and among them, a piperidine ring is preferable.

In the general formula [1], when R ¹ is an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R ² and R ³ are both linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. It is preferable that

As R ⁶ in the general formula [2], a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferable when a cyclic structure is not formed with R ^7. Groups are preferred.

R ⁶ and R ⁷ in the general formula [2] are preferably those in which R ⁶ and R ⁷ form a cyclic structure.

As the guanidine represented by the general formula [3], at least R ⁸ is preferably a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a hetero atom, Among them, R ⁸ is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a hetero atom, and R ⁹ , R ¹⁰ , R ¹¹ and R ^12. More preferably, at least one of them is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Specific examples of the monoamine represented by the general formula [1] include various monoamines such as monoisopropylamine, mono-t-butylamine, monocyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, and benzyldimethylamine. Among these, a monoamine represented by the following general formula [1-I] is preferable in that a cyclic carbonate can be obtained with a higher yield.

(Wherein R ^1a represents a t-alkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and R ^2a represents a hydrogen atom, a t-alkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, or a carbon atom. Represents a cycloalkyl group of 5 to 8.)

Specific examples of the t-alkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms represented by R ^1a and R ^2a in the general formula [1-I] include, for example, a t-butyl group, a t-pentyl group, a t-hexyl group, and the like. Among them, a t-butyl group which is a t-alkyl group having 4 carbon atoms is preferable. In the above specific examples, t- represents a tert-isomer.

Specific examples of the cycloalkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms represented by R ^1a and R ^2a in the general formula [1-1] include a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, and the like. Of these, a cyclohexyl group which is a cycloalkyl group having 6 carbon atoms is preferable.

Specific examples of the monoamine represented by the general formula [1-I] include, for example, mono-t-butylamine, di-t-butylamine, mono-t-pentylamine, di-t-pentylamine, and mono-t-hexylamine. , Di-t-hexylamine, monocyclopentylamine, dicyclopentylamine, monocyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, monocycloheptylamine, dicycloheptylamine, monocyclooctylamine, dicyclooctylamine, etc. Mono-t-butylamine and dicyclohexylamine are preferred in that a cyclic carbonate can be obtained with a higher yield. In the above specific examples, t- represents a tert-isomer. The monoamines represented by the general formula [1] and the general formula [1-I] may be commercially available products or those appropriately synthesized by a general method performed in this field.

Specific examples of the cyclic amidine represented by the general formula [2] include, as an example, 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine, 1,2-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine. And various cyclic amidines such as 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5-nonene (DBN) and 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene (DBU). Among them, a cyclic amidine represented by the following general formula [2-1] is preferable in that a cyclic carbonate can be obtained with a higher yield.

(In the formula, m represents an integer of 1 to 4, and n represents an integer of 1 to 4.)

M in the general formula [2-I] usually represents an integer of 1 to 4, preferably 2.

N in the general formula [2-I] usually represents an integer of 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 3, and more preferably 3.

Specific examples of the cyclic amidine represented by the general formula [2-I] include, for example, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5-nonene (DBN), 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]. ] -7-undecene (DBU) and the like. Among them, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene (DBU) is particularly preferable in that a cyclic carbonate can be obtained with higher yield. preferable. The cyclic amidines represented by the above general formula [2] and general formula [2-1] may be commercially available products or those appropriately synthesized by general methods performed in this field.

Specific examples of the guanidine represented by the general formula [3] include guanidine, 1- (1-n-butyl) guanidine, 1- (1-n-butyl) -3-methylguanidine, 1- (1 -n-butyl) -2,3-dimethylguanidine, 1- (1-n-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine, 2- (1-n-butyl) -1,1,3,3- Tetramethylguanidine, 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene, 1- (1-n-octyl) guanidine, 1,1-dicyclohexylguanidine, 1- Benzylguanidine, 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) guanidine, 1- (2-methoxyethyl) guanidine, 1- (2-dimethylaminoethyl) guanidine, 1-benzyl-2,3,3-trimethylguanidine, 1- ( 2-Dimethylaminoethyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguani Various guanidines such as gin can be mentioned. Among them, 1- (1-n-butyl) guanidine, 1- (1-n-butyl) is preferable in that a cyclic carbonate can be obtained with higher yield. -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine and 1-benzyl-2,3,3-trimethylguanidine are preferred. In the above specific examples, n- represents a normal-body. Moreover, the guanidine represented by the above general formula [3] may be a commercially available product or a product appropriately synthesized by a general method performed in this field.

Among the amine compounds selected from the monoamine represented by the general formula [1], the cyclic amidine represented by the general formula [2] and the guanidine represented by the general formula [3], the monoamine represented by the general formula [1] And those selected from the cyclic amidines represented by the general formula [2], and among them, those selected from the monoamines represented by the general formula [1-I] and the cyclic amidines represented by the general formula [2-I]. Is more preferable.

Examples of the hydrogen iodide according to the present invention include those in a gaseous state such as hydrogen iodide gas, and those in a solution state in which hydrogen iodide gas such as hydroiodic acid is dissolved in a liquid (solvent) such as water. However, there are no particular restrictions on the supply form or origin. Moreover, there is no restriction | limiting in particular in content (concentration) in aqueous solution also about the thing of the state of aqueous solutions like hydroiodic acid. Specific examples of hydroiodic acid include, for example, a commercially available 57% aqueous solution of hydroiodic acid.

As described above, in the present invention, the reason why the amine is selected from monoamines, cyclic amidines and guanidines and hydrogen iodide is used as follows. It is. That is, as a result of intensive studies on a method for producing a cyclic carbonate using carbon dioxide, the present inventors have prepared an amine compound having protons and iodine anions prepared from the amine compound according to the present invention and hydrogen iodide. It has been found that the salt effectively acts as a catalyst in the reaction of epoxide (oxirane) with carbon dioxide. The catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention is an epoxide (oxirane) in which a proton bonded to an amine having an appropriate basicity in the catalyst (amine compound salt) even under mild conditions such as room temperature and normal pressure. It has a coordination action similar to that of a metal ligand with respect to oxygen atoms of iodine, and the iodine anion in the catalyst (amine compound salt) has an action of opening the epoxide (oxirane) effectively. It is considered that the cyclic carbonate can be produced with good yield even under mild conditions such as normal temperature and normal pressure.

In the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention, the proton needs to be bonded to an amine having an appropriate basicity. Therefore, the pKa of the amine compound according to the present invention is 8 or more. The amine compound preferably has a pKa of 10 or more. If an amine compound having a pKa of 10 or more is used, a cyclic carbonate can be produced with a higher yield.

An amine compound having a proton and iodine anion, which is prepared from hydrogen iodide and a primary to tertiary amine having a pKa of 8 or more used in the present invention, which is selected from monoamines, cyclic amidines and guanidines Specific examples of the salt (catalyst according to the present invention) include, for example, a salt of monoamine and hydrogen iodide having a pKa of 8 or more, represented by the following general formula [1 ′], and represented by the following general formula [2 ′]. , A salt of cyclic amidine having a pKa of 8 or more and hydrogen iodide, or a salt of guanidine and hydrogen iodide having a pKa of 8 or more represented by the following general formula [3 ′].

(Wherein R ¹ , R ² and R ³ are the same as above)

(Wherein R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ⁶ and R ⁷ are the same as above).

(In the formula, R ⁸ , R ⁹ , R ¹⁰ , R ¹¹ and R ¹² are the same as above.)

Specific examples of the salt of monoamine having a pKa of 8 or more and hydrogen iodide represented by the general formula [1 ′] include monoisopropylamine hydrogen iodide, mono-t-butylamine hydrogen iodide, Various monoamine hydrogen iodides such as monocyclohexylamine hydrogen iodide, dicyclohexylamine hydrogen iodide, benzyldimethylamine hydrogen iodide, and the like can be mentioned. Among them, cyclic carbonate can be obtained with higher yield. The monoamine hydrogen iodide salt represented by the following general formula [1′-I] is preferable.

(In the formula, R ^1a and R ^2a are the same as above.)

Specific examples of the monoamine hydrogen iodide represented by the general formula [1′-I] include, for example, mono-t-butylamine hydrogen iodide, di-t-butylamine hydrogen iodide, mono-t-pentylamine Hydrochloride, di-t-pentylamine hydrogen iodide, mono-t-hexylamine hydrogen iodide, di-t-hexylamine hydrogen iodide, monocyclopentylamine hydrogen iodide, dicyclopentylamine iodide Hydrogen salt, monocyclohexylamine hydrogen iodide, dicyclohexylamine hydrogen iodide, monocycloheptylamine hydrogen iodide, dicycloheptylamine hydrogen iodide, monocyclooctylamine hydrogen iodide, dicyclooctylamine In particular, a cyclic carbonate can be obtained with a higher yield. , Mono -t- butylamine hydroiodide, dicyclohexylamine hydroiodide preferred. In the above specific examples, t- represents a tert-isomer.

Specific examples of the salt of cyclic amidine having a pKa of 8 or more and hydrogen iodide represented by the general formula [2 ′] include, for example, -methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine iodide salt 1,2-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydroiodide, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5-nonene (DBN) hydroiodide, 1,8- Various cyclic amidine hydrogen iodides such as diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene (DBU) 水素 iodide can be mentioned, and among them, a cyclic carbonate can be obtained at a higher yield. In the above, a cyclic amidine hydrogen iodide salt represented by the following general formula [2′-I] is preferable.

(Wherein m and n are the same as above)

Specific examples of the cyclic amidine hydrogen iodide represented by the general formula [2′-I] include, for example, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5-nonene (DBN) hydrogen iodide, 1,8 -Diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene (DBU) hydroiodide, and the like. Among them, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5. 4.0] -7-undecene (DBU) 水素 iodide is preferred.

Specific examples of the salt of guanidine and hydrogen iodide represented by the general formula [3 ′] having a pKa of 8 or more include, as an example, guanidine iodide salt, 1- (1-n-butyl) guanidine iodide. Hydrogen salt, 1- (1-n-butyl) -3-methylguanidine hydroiodide salt, 1- (1-n-butyl) -2,3-dimethylguanidine hydroiodide salt, 1- (1-n- Butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydroiodide, 2- (1-n-butyl) -1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine hydroiodide, 7-methyl-1,5 7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene 水素 iodide, 1- (1-n-octyl) guanidine 水素 iodide, 1,1-dicyclohexylguanidine 水素 iodide, 1- Benzylguanidine hydroiodide salt, 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) guanidine hydroiodide salt 1- (2-methoxyethyl) guanidine hydroiodide salt, 1- (2-dimethylaminoethyl) guanidine hydroiodide salt, 1-benzyl-2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydroiodide salt, 1- ( Various guanidine hydroiodides such as 2-dimethylaminoethyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydroiodide can be mentioned, and above all, cyclic carbonate can be obtained with higher yield. 1- (1-n-butyl) guanidine 水素 iodide salt, 1- (1-n-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine iodide salt, 1-benzyl-2,3,3- Trimethylguanidine hydroiodide is preferred. In the above specific examples, n- represents a normal-body.

It is selected from the monoamine hydrogen iodide salt represented by the general formula [1 ′], the cyclic amidine hydrogen iodide salt represented by the general formula [2 ′], or the guanidine hydrogen iodide salt represented by the general formula [3 ′]. Among the catalysts (amine compound salts) according to the present invention, those selected from a monoamine hydrogen iodide salt represented by the general formula [1 ′] and a cyclic amidine hydrogen iodide salt represented by the general formula [2 ′] are preferable, Among these, those selected from monoamine hydrogen iodides represented by the general formula [1′-I] and cyclic amidine hydrogen iodides represented by the general formula [2′-I] are more preferable.

In the present invention, the reaction system of epoxide (oxirane) and carbon dioxide contains a primary or tertiary amine having a pKa of 8 or more and an amine compound selected from monoamine, cyclic amidine and guanidine and iodinated. By coexisting hydrogen, the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention, which is a salt of an amine compound having protons and iodine anions, is generated from the amine compound according to the present invention and hydrogen iodide. The catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention may be prepared in use in the reaction system, or the amine compound according to the present invention and hydrogen iodide may be reacted in another system to produce the present invention. The catalyst (amine compound salt) is prepared in advance, and the catalyst (amine compound salt) thus prepared and isolated is reacted with epoxide (oxirane) and carbon dioxide. It may be allowed to coexist within. That is, in the present invention, the reaction of epoxide (oxirane) and carbon dioxide may be carried out in the same system as the reaction for preparing the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention and reacted in one pot. The catalyst (amine compound salt) is isolated by performing a reaction (step) in which the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention is prepared in advance in another system. An epoxide (oxirane) and carbon dioxide may be reacted with each other. Therefore, the reaction of epoxide (oxirane) and carbon dioxide in the presence of the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention prepared from the amine compound according to the present invention and hydrogen iodide can also be carried out by “pKa of 8 or more. It is a primary to tertiary amine and is included within the range expressed as “reacting with an amine compound selected from monoamine, cyclic amidine and guanidine in the presence of hydrogen iodide”. In addition, the preparation method of the catalyst (amine compound salt) concerning this invention is mentioned later.

In the present invention, the amine compound according to the present invention is reacted with hydrogen iodide in a separate system, and the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention is prepared and isolated in advance, and this is used as the catalyst. It is preferable. In the case where the amine compound according to the present invention and hydrogen iodide coexist in the reaction system of epoxide (oxirane) and carbon dioxide, when hydroiodic acid is used as a hydrogen iodide source, the coexisting water becomes epoxide (oxirane). On the other hand, hydrogen iodide gas can be used as a hydrogen iodide source. However, since hydrogen iodide gas is in a gaseous state at room temperature, This is because caution is required. In other words, the method of preparing and isolating the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention in a separate system in advance can make the present invention easier. That is, the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention can be prepared in advance by a so-called one-step simple and inexpensive synthesis method in which the amine compound according to the present invention is reacted with hydroiodic acid which is easy to handle. In addition, since most of the amine compound salt (catalyst according to the present invention) obtained by this preparation method is in a solid state, it can be easily isolated from the reaction system.

The amine compound salt, which is a catalyst according to the present invention, can be synthesized in one step from the amine compound according to the present invention and hydrogen iodide, whether it is prepared at the time of use or prepared in advance and isolated. If used as a catalyst, it is useful in that cyclic carbonates can be produced in a yield equivalent to or higher than that of expensive metal coordination catalysts that require multiple steps for synthesis even under mild conditions such as room temperature and atmospheric pressure. is there. Moreover, since the catalyst (amine compound salt) concerning this invention is also a metal free (metal free) catalyst, the removal process of a metal (metal) is not required and it is useful also from a viewpoint of green chemistry. In recent years, in particular, the refinement of products has progressed, and there is a tendency that a material containing even a trace amount of metal as an impurity is not preferred. For this reason, the production method of the present invention that does not require a metal removal step is very useful in producing a cyclic carbonate that can be a material as described above.

The amine compound salt that is a catalyst according to the present invention may be supported on a carrier such as silica or alumina, or is incorporated in a polymer (polymer), that is, polymerized. It may be what has been done. Such an amine compound salt has the advantage that it can be easily separated from the product cyclic carbonate in the process of isolating the cyclic carbonate from the reaction system, and can be recovered and reused. Since it also has the advantage of being, it is a practical catalyst that is useful from the viewpoint of green chemistry and that takes into consideration the reduction of environmental impact.

The carbon dioxide according to the present invention is used as a raw material for producing a cyclic carbonate. The carbon dioxide is industrially produced by collecting, purifying, etc., carbon dioxide produced as a by-product in the production of electric power, gas, etc., but there is no particular limitation on the supply form, origin, and the like. Further, the purity of carbon dioxide is not necessarily high and may be diluted with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas or argon gas. However, since the reaction volume tends to increase if the purity of carbon dioxide is low, the carbon dioxide is preferably highly pure. The purity of carbon dioxide is preferably 95% or more, particularly 99% or more.

The epoxide (oxirane) according to the present invention is used as a raw material for producing a cyclic carbonate in the same manner as the carbon dioxide described above. The epoxide (oxirane) is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used in this field, and may have at least one oxirane ring, and may have two or more oxirane rings. You may have other functional groups, such as an ether group and an acyl group. Specific examples of the epoxide (oxirane) include those selected from the epoxide (oxirane) represented by the following general formula [4] or the epoxide (oxirane) represented by the following general formula [5].

(Wherein A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ and A ₄ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a hetero atom. A ₁ and A ₂ , A ₁ and A ₄ or A ₃ and A ₄ may form a cyclic structure.)

(In the formula, A ₅ , A ₆ , A ₇ , A ₈ , A ₉ and A ₁₀ are each independently a monovalent hydrocarbon having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a hydrogen atom or a hetero atom. T represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may have a hetero atom, wherein A ₅ and A ₆ , A ₅ and A ₇ , A ₈ and A ₁₀ Alternatively, A ₉ and A ₁₀ may form a cyclic structure.)

The monovalent hydrocarbon groups represented by A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , A ₄ , A ₅ , A ₆ , A ₇ , A ₈ , A ₉ and A ₁₀ in the general formulas [4] and [5] Specific examples include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, and an aralkyl group.

It has a hetero atom represented by A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , A ₄ , A ₅ , A ₆ , A ₇ , A ₈ , A ₉ and A ₁₀ in the general formulas [4] and [5]. Specific examples of the hetero atom in the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms may include, for example, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, for example, a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom and a chlorine atom.

The monovalent hydrocarbon groups represented by A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , A ₄ , A ₅ , A ₆ , A ₇ , A ₈ , A ₉ and A ₁₀ in the general formulas [4] and [5] are alkyl. Specific examples in the case of a group, that is, A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , A ₄ , A ₅ , A ₆ , A ₇ , A ₈ , A ₉ and A ₁₀ in the general formulas [4] and [5] The alkyl group which may have a hetero atom shown may be linear, branched or cyclic. Specific examples of the case where the alkyl group has no hetero atom include, for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, an s-butyl group, a t-butyl group, Cyclobutyl group, n-pentyl group, isopentyl group, s-pentyl group, t-pentyl group, neopentyl group, 2-methylbutyl group, 1,2-dimethylpropyl group, 1-ethylpropyl group, cyclopentyl group, n-hexyl group , Isohexyl group, s-hexyl group, t-hexyl group, neohexyl group, 2-methylpentyl group, 1,2-dimethylbutyl group, 2,3-dimethylbutyl group, 1-ethylbutyl group, cyclohexyl group, n-heptyl Group, isoheptyl group, s-heptyl group, t-heptyl group, neoheptyl group, cycloheptyl group, n-octyl group, isooctyl group, s-octyl group, t -Octyl, neooctyl, 2-ethylhexyl, cyclooctyl, n-nonyl, isononyl, s-nonyl, t-nonyl, neononyl, cyclononyl, n-decyl, isodecyl, s- Decyl, t-decyl, neodecyl, cyclodecyl, n-undecyl, cycloundecyl, n-dodecyl, cyclododecyl, n-tridecyl, cyclotridecyl, n-tetradecyl, cyclotetra Decyl group, n-pentadecyl group, cyclopentadecyl group, n-hexadecyl group, cyclohexadecyl group, n-heptadecyl group, cycloheptadecyl group, n-octadecyl group, cyclooctadecyl group, n-nonadecyl group, cyclononadecyl group, n-icosyl group, cycloicosyl group, bornyl group, menthyl group, adamantyl group, methyladamanthi And alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, such as a decahydronaphthyl group, among them, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, s-butyl group , T-butyl group, cyclobutyl group, n-pentyl group, isopentyl group, s-pentyl group, t-pentyl group, neopentyl group, 2-methylbutyl group, 1,2-dimethylpropyl group, 1-ethylpropyl group, cyclopentyl Group, n-hexyl group, isohexyl group, s-hexyl group, t-hexyl group, neohexyl group, 2-methylpentyl group, 1,2-dimethylbutyl group, 2,3-dimethylbutyl group, 1-ethylbutyl group, Cyclohexyl group, n-heptyl group, isoheptyl group, s-heptyl group, t-heptyl group, neoheptyl group, cycloheptyl group, n-octyl group, isooctyl , S-octyl group, t-octyl group, neooctyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, cyclooctyl group, n-nonyl group, isononyl group, s-nonyl group, t-nonyl group, neononyl group, cyclononyl group, n-decyl A linear, branched or branched group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a group, isodecyl group, s-decyl group, t-decyl group, neodecyl group, cyclodecyl group, bornyl group, menthyl group, adamantyl group, decahydronaphthyl group, etc. A cyclic alkyl group is preferred. In the specific examples described above, n- represents a normal isomer, s- represents a sec isomer, and t- represents a tert isomer.

Further, the above-mentioned _{_{_{_{A 1, A 2, A 3}}}} , A 4, A 5, A 6, A 7, A 8, A 9 and an alkyl group which may have a hetero atom is a heteroatom represented by _{A 10} Specific examples in the case of having, for example, methoxymethyl group, methoxyethyl group, methoxypropyl group, methoxybutyl group, methoxypentyl group, methoxyhexyl group, methoxyheptyl group, methoxyoctyl group, methoxynonyl group, methoxydecyl group, Methoxyundecyl group, methoxydodecyl group, methoxytridecyl group, methoxytetradecyl group, methoxypentadecyl group, methoxyhexadecyl group, methoxyheptadecyl group, methoxyoctadecyl group, methoxynonadecyl group, ethoxymethyl group, ethoxyethyl group , Ethoxypropyl group, ethoxybutyl group, ethoxy pliers Group, ethoxyhexyl group, ethoxyheptyl group, ethoxyoctyl group, ethoxynonyl group, ethoxydecyl group, ethoxyundecyl group, ethoxydodecyl group, ethoxytridecyl group, ethoxytetradecyl group, ethoxypentadecyl group, ethoxyhexadecyl group , Ethoxyheptadecyl group, ethoxyoctadecyl group, propoxymethyl group, propoxyethyl group, propoxypropyl group, propoxybutyl group, propoxypentyl group, propoxyhexyl group, propoxyheptyl group, propoxyoctyl group, propoxynonyl group, propoxydecyl group, Propoxyundecyl group, propoxydodecyl group, propoxytridecyl group, propoxytetradecyl group, propoxypentadecyl group, propoxyhexadecyl group, propoxyheptadecyl group , Butoxymethyl group, butoxyethyl group, butoxypropyl group, butoxybutyl group, butoxypentyl group, butoxyhexyl group, butoxyheptyl group, butoxyoctyl group, butoxynonyl group, butoxydecyl group, butoxyundecyl group, butoxydodecyl group, Butoxytridecyl group, butoxytetradecyl group, butoxypentadecyl group, butoxyhexadecyl group, pentyloxymethyl group, pentyloxyethyl group, pentyloxypropyl group, pentyloxybutyl group, pentyloxypentyl group, pentyloxyhexyl group, Pentyloxyheptyl group, pentyloxyoctyl group, pentyloxynonyl group, pentyloxydecyl group, pentyloxyundecyl group, pentyloxidedecyl group, pentyloxytridecyl group, pentyl Ruoxytetradecyl group, pentyloxypentadecyl group, hexyloxymethyl group, hexyloxyethyl group, hexyloxypropyl group, hexyloxybutyl group, hexyloxypentyl group, hexyloxyhexyl group, hexyloxyheptyl group, hexyloxyoctyl Group, hexyloxynonyl group, hexyloxydecyl group, hexyloxyundecyl group, hexyloxidedecyl group, hexyloxytridecyl group, hexyloxytetradecyl group, heptyloxymethyl group, heptyloxyethyl group, heptyloxypropyl group, Heptyloxybutyl, heptyloxypentyl, heptyloxyhexyl, heptyloxyheptyl, heptyloxyoctyl, heptyloxynonyl, heptyloxydecyl, Ptyloxyundecyl group, heptyl oxide decyl group, heptyloxytridecyl group, octyloxymethyl group, octyloxyethyl group, octyloxypropyl group, octyloxybutyl group, octyloxypentyl group, octyloxyhexyl group, octyloxyheptyl group Group, octyloxyoctyl group, octyloxynonyl group, octyloxydecyl group, octyloxyundecyl group, octyloxidedecyl group, nonyloxymethyl group, nonyloxyethyl group, nonyloxypropyl group, nonyloxybutyl group, nonyloxy Pentyl, nonyloxyhexyl, nonyloxyheptyl, nonyloxyoctyl, nonyloxynonyl, nonyloxydecyl, nonyloxyundecyl, decyloxymethyl, decyl Ruoxyethyl, decyloxypropyl, decyloxybutyl, decyloxypentyl, decyloxyhexyl, decyloxyheptyl, decyloxyoctyl, decyloxynonyl, decyloxydecyl, undecyloxymethyl, undecyloxymethyl Decyloxyethyl, undecyloxypropyl, undecyloxybutyl, undecyloxypentyl, undecyloxyhexyl, undecyloxyheptyl, undecyloxyoctyl, undecyloxynonyl, dodecyloxymethyl Group, dodecyloxyethyl group, dodecyloxypropyl group, dodecyloxybutyl group, dodecyloxypentyl group, dodecyloxyhexyl group, dodecyloxyheptyl group, dodecyloxyoctyl group, tridecyloxy Methyl group, tridecyloxyethyl group, tridecyloxypropyl group, tridecyloxybutyl group, tridecyloxypentyl group, tridecyloxyhexyl group, tridecyloxyheptyl group, tetradecyloxymethyl group, tetradecyloxyethyl group , Tetradecyloxypropyl group, tetradecyloxybutyl group, tetradecyloxypentyl group, tetradecyloxyhexyl group, pentadecyloxymethyl group, pentadecyloxyethyl group, pentadecyloxypropyl group, pentadecyloxybutyl group, penta Decyloxypentyl, hexadecyloxymethyl, hexadecyloxyethyl, hexadecyloxypropyl, hexadecyloxybutyl, heptadecyloxymethyl, heptadecyloxyethyl, hep Alkyl groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms having an ether group (oxygen atom) such as decyloxypropyl group, octadecyloxymethyl group, octadecyloxyethyl group, nonadecyloxymethyl group, such as formyloxymethyl group, formyloxyethyl group, Formyloxypropyl group, acetoxymethyl group (acetyloxymethyl group), acetoxyethyl group (acetyloxyethyl group), acetoxypropyl group (acetyloxypropyl group), propionyloxymethyl group, propionyloxyethyl group, propionyloxypropyl group, Butyryloxymethyl group, butyryloxyethyl group, butyryloxypropyl group, valeryloxymethyl group (pentanoyloxymethyl group), valeryloxyethyl group (pentanoyloxyethyl group), valeryl Xylpropyl group (pentanoyloxypropyl group), caproyloxymethyl group (hexanoyloxymethyl group), caproyloxyethyl group (hexanoyloxyethyl group), caproyloxypropyl group (hexanoyloxypropyl group), enanthate Carbon number having a carbonyloxy group (oxygen atom) such as an yloxymethyl group (heptanoyloxymethyl group), an enanthyloxyethyl group (heptanoyloxyethyl group), an enanthyloxypropyl group (heptanoyloxypropyl group) 2 to 20 alkyl groups such as perfluoromethyl, perfluoroethyl, perfluoropropyl, perfluorobutyl, perfluoropentyl, perfluorohexyl, perfluoroheptyl, perfluorooctyl, perfluoro Orononyl group, perfluorodecyl group, perfluoroundecyl group, perfluorododecyl group, perfluorotridecyl group, perfluorotetradecyl group, perfluoropentadecyl group, perfluorohexadecyl group, perfluoroheptadecyl group, perfluoro Examples thereof include C1-C20 alkyl groups having a fluoro group (fluorine atom) such as fluorooctadecyl group, perfluorononadecyl group, perfluoroicosyl group, etc. Among them, for example, methoxymethyl group, methoxyethyl group, Methoxypropyl, methoxybutyl, methoxypentyl, methoxyhexyl, methoxyheptyl, methoxyoctyl, methoxynonyl, ethoxymethyl, ethoxyethyl, ethoxypropyl, ethoxybutyl, ethoxypentyl, ethoxy Xyl group, ethoxyheptyl group, ethoxyoctyl group, propoxymethyl group, propoxyethyl group, propoxypropyl group, propoxybutyl group, propoxypentyl group, propoxyhexyl group, propoxyheptyl group, butoxymethyl group, butoxyethyl group, butoxypropyl group , Butoxybutyl group, butoxypentyl group, butoxyhexyl group, pentyloxymethyl group, pentyloxyethyl group, pentyloxypropyl group, pentyloxybutyl group, pentyloxypentyl group, hexyloxymethyl group, hexyloxyethyl group, hexyloxy Propyl, hexyloxybutyl, heptyloxymethyl, heptyloxyethyl, heptyloxypropyl, octyloxymethyl, octyloxyethyl, nonyloxy C2-C10 linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups having an ether group (oxygen atom) such as a dimethyl group, such as formyloxymethyl group, formyloxyethyl group, formyloxypropyl group, acetoxymethyl group (Acetyloxymethyl group), acetoxyethyl group (acetyloxyethyl group), acetoxypropyl group (acetyloxypropyl group), propionyloxymethyl group, propionyloxyethyl group, propionyloxypropyl group, butyryloxymethyl group, butyryl Oxyethyl, butyryloxypropyl, valeryloxymethyl (pentanoyloxymethyl), valeryloxyethyl (pentanoyloxyethyl), valeryloxypropyl (pentanoyloxypropyl), cap Royloxime Tyl group (hexanoyloxymethyl group), caproyloxyethyl group (hexanoyloxyethyl group), caproyloxypropyl group (hexanoyloxypropyl group), enanthyloxymethyl group (heptanoyloxymethyl group), enanthate Linear, branched or cyclic having 2 to 10 carbon atoms having a carbonyloxy group (oxygen atom) such as an yloxyethyl group (heptanoyloxyethyl group) or an enanthyloxypropyl group (heptanoyloxypropyl group) Alkyl groups such as perfluoromethyl group, perfluoroethyl group, perfluoropropyl group, perfluorobutyl group, perfluoropentyl group, perfluorohexyl group, perfluoroheptyl group, perfluorooctyl group, perfluorononyl group, Perfluorodecyl group, etc. Ruoro group (fluorine atom) having 1 to 10 straight with an alkyl group branched or cyclic are preferred. In the specific examples described above, the alkyl group is not limited to the normal-form, but may be a branched or cyclo-form alkyl group such as a sec-form, tert-form, iso-form, or neo-form. May be.

The monovalent hydrocarbon groups represented by A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , A ₄ , A ₅ , A ₆ , A ₇ , A ₈ , A ₉ and A ₁₀ in the general formulas [4] and [5] are alkenyl. Specific examples in the case of a group, that is, A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , A ₄ , A ₅ , A ₆ , A ₇ , A ₈ , A ₉ and A ₁₀ in the general formulas [4] and [5] The alkenyl group which may have a hetero atom shown may be linear, branched or cyclic. Specific examples of the case where the alkenyl group has no hetero atom include, for example, a vinyl group, a propenyl group, a butenyl group, a pentenyl group, a hexenyl group, a heptenyl group, an octenyl group, a nonenyl group, a decenyl group, an undecenyl group, and a dodecenyl group. , Tridecenyl group, tetradecenyl group, pentadecenyl group, hexadecenyl group, heptadecenyl group, octadecenyl group, nonadecenyl group, icocenyl group and the like, and examples thereof include vinyl group, propenyl group, butenyl group. A linear, branched or cyclic alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as a pentenyl group, a hexenyl group, a heptenyl group, an octenyl group, a nonenyl group and a decenyl group is preferred. Specific examples of the alkenyl group having a hetero atom include, for example, vinyloxymethyl group, vinyloxyethyl group, vinyloxypropyl group, propenyloxymethyl group, propenyloxyethyl group, propenyloxypropyl group, butenyl Ether groups such as oxymethyl group, butenyloxyethyl group, butenyloxypropyl group, pentenyloxymethyl group, pentenyloxyethyl group, pentenyloxypropyl group, hexenyloxymethyl group, hexenyloxyethyl group, hexenyloxypropyl group ( An oxygen atom) having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, such as acryloyloxymethyl group, acryloyloxyethyl group, acryloyloxypropyl group, methacryloyloxymethyl group, methacryloyloxyethyl group, Tacryloyloxypropyl group, Crotonoyloxymethyl group, Crotonoyloxyethyl group, Crotonoyloxypropyl group, Tigroyloxymethyl group, Tigroyloxyethyl group, Tigroyloxypropyl group, Angeloyloxymethyl group, Angeloyl Carbonyloxy groups such as oxyethyl group, angeloyloxypropyl group, senecioyloxymethyl group, senecioyloxyethyl group, senecioyloxypropyl group, solvoyloxymethyl group, solvoyloxyethyl group, sorboyloxypropyl group (Oxygen atom) having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, such as perfluorovinyl group, perfluoropropenyl group, perfluorobutenyl group, perfluoropentenyl group, perfluorohexenyl group, perfluoroheptyl group Nyl group, perfluorooctenyl group, perfluorononenyl group, perfluorodecenyl group, perfluoroundecenyl group, perfluorododecenyl group, perfluorotridecenyl group, perfluorotetradecenyl Group, perfluoropentadecenyl group, perfluorohexadecenyl group, perfluoroheptadecenyl group, perfluorooctadecenyl group, perfluorononadecenyl group, perfluoroicosenyl group, etc. Examples include alkenyl groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms having a fluoro group (fluorine atom). Among them, for example, vinyloxymethyl group, vinyloxyethyl group, vinyloxypropyl group, propenyloxymethyl group, propenyloxyethyl group, Propenyloxypropyl group, butenyloxymethyl group, butenyloxyethyl group, butenyloxy A straight chain having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and having an ether group (oxygen atom) such as a xylpropyl group, a pentenyloxymethyl group, a pentenyloxyethyl group, a pentenyloxypropyl group, a hexenyloxymethyl group, a hexenyloxyethyl group, a hexenyloxypropyl group , Branched or cyclic alkenyl groups such as acryloyloxymethyl group, acryloyloxyethyl group, acryloyloxypropyl group, methacryloyloxymethyl group, methacryloyloxyethyl group, methacryloyloxypropyl group, crotonoyloxymethyl group, crotonoyl Oxyethyl group, Crotonoyloxypropyl group, Tigroyloxymethyl group, Tigroyloxyethyl group, Tigroyloxypropyl group, Angeloyloxymethyl group, Angeloyloxyethyl Groups, angeloyloxypropyl groups, senecioyloxymethyl groups, senecioyloxyethyl groups, senecioyloxypropyl groups, solvoyloxymethyl groups, solvoyloxyethyl groups, solvoyloxypropyl groups, and other carbonyloxy groups (oxygen A straight, branched or cyclic alkenyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms having an atom), such as a perfluorovinyl group, a perfluoropropenyl group, a perfluorobutenyl group, a perfluoropentenyl group, a perfluorohexenyl group, C2-C10 linear, branched or cyclic having a fluoro group (fluorine atom) such as perfluoroheptenyl group, perfluorooctenyl group, perfluorononenyl group and perfluorodecenyl group Alkenyl groups are preferred. In the above specific examples, the alkyl group and alkenyl group are not limited to normal-forms, but are branched or cycloalkenyl such as sec-form, tert-form, iso-form, neo-form, etc. It may be a group. Further, the position of the double bond in the alkenyl group is not limited to the 1st position, and may be an alkenyl group having a double bond at a position different from the 1st position such as the 2nd position, the 3rd position, and the ω position.

The monovalent hydrocarbon groups represented by A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , A ₄ , A ₅ , A ₆ , A ₇ , A ₈ , A ₉ and A ₁₀ in the general formulas [4] and [5] are aryl. Specific examples in the case of a group, that is, A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , A ₄ , A ₅ , A ₆ , A ₇ , A ₈ , A ₉ and A ₁₀ in the general formulas [4] and [5] Specific examples of the aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a heteroatom may be monocyclic or condensed polycyclic. Specific examples of the aryl group having no hetero atom include, for example, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a biphenylyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthylenyl group, a phenanthryl group, an anthryl group (anthracenyl group) and the like. And an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms such as a phenyl group is preferable. Specific examples of the aryl group having a hetero atom include, for example, a perfluorophenyl group, a perfluoronaphthyl group, a perfluoroazurenyl group, a perfluorobiphenylyl group, a perfluoroindacenyl group, and a perfluoroacena group. Examples include aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms having a fluoro group (fluorine atom) such as a phthalenyl group, a perfluorophenanthryl group, and a perfluoroanthryl group (perfluoroanthracenyl group). An aryl group having 6 carbon atoms having a fluoro group (fluorine atom) such as a perfluorophenyl group is preferable.

The monovalent hydrocarbon group represented by A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , A ₄ , A ₅ , A ₆ , A ₇ , A ₈ , A ₉ and A ₁₀ in the general formulas [4] and [5] is aralkyl. Specific examples in the case of a group, that is, A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , A ₄ , A ₅ , A ₆ , A ₇ , A ₈ , A ₉ and A ₁₀ in the general formulas [4] and [5] The aralkyl group which may have a hetero atom shown may be either monocyclic or condensed polycyclic. Specific examples of the case where the aralkyl group has no hetero atom include, for example, benzyl group, phenethyl group, methylbenzyl group, phenylpropyl group, 1-methylphenylethyl group, phenylbutyl group, 2-methylphenylpropyl group, Examples thereof include aralkyl groups having 7 to 20 carbon atoms such as a tetrahydronaphthyl group, a naphthylmethyl group, a naphthylethyl group, an indenyl group, and a fluorenyl group. Among them, for example, a benzyl group, a phenethyl group, a methylbenzyl group, a phenylpropyl group, 1 Aralkyl groups having 7 to 14 carbon atoms such as -methylphenylethyl group, phenylbutyl group, 2-methylphenylpropyl group, tetrahydronaphthyl group, naphthylmethyl group, naphthylethyl group, indenyl group and fluorenyl group are preferred. Specific examples of the case where the aralkyl group has a hetero atom include, for example, a phenyloxymethyl group, a phenyloxyethyl group, a phenyloxypropyl group, a benzyloxymethyl group, a benzyloxyethyl group, a benzyloxypropyl group, a phenethyloxy group. Methyl group, phenethyloxyethyl group, phenethyloxypropyl group, naphthyloxymethyl group, naphthyloxyethyl group, naphthyloxypropyl group, furyl group, pyranyl group, thienyl group, chromenyl group, chromanyl group, xanthenyl group, phenoxathinyl group Examples thereof include an aralkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms having a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom such as a sulfur atom, and a sulfur atom. Among them, for example, a phenyloxymethyl group, a phenyloxyethyl group, a phenyloxypropyl group, a benzyloxymethyl Benzyloxyethyl group, benzyloxypropyl group, phenethyloxymethyl group, phenethyloxyethyl group, phenethyloxypropyl group, naphthyloxymethyl group, naphthyloxyethyl group, naphthyloxypropyl group, furyl group, pyranyl group, thienyl group, Aralkyl groups having 7 to 14 carbon atoms having a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom such as a chromenyl group, a chromanyl group, a xanthenyl group and a phenoxathiinyl group are preferred.

Specific examples of the divalent hydrocarbon group represented by T in the general formula [5] include an alkylene group (alkanediyl group), an alkenylene group, an arylene group, and an aralkylene group.

Specific examples of the hetero atom in the divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a hetero atom represented by T in the general formula [5] include, for example, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, such as fluorine Examples thereof include halogen atoms such as atoms and chlorine atoms.

Specific examples when the divalent hydrocarbon group represented by T in the general formula [5] is an alkylene group (alkanediyl group), that is, having a heteroatom represented by T in the general formula [5] Specific examples of the alkylene group (alkanediyl group) may be linear, branched or cyclic. Specific examples of the alkylene group (alkanediyl group) having no hetero atom include, for example, a methylene group (methanediyl group), an ethylene group (ethane-1,2-diyl group), a propylene group (propane-1, 2-diyl group), trimethylene group (propane-1,3-diyl group), tetramethylene group (butane-1,4-diyl group), pentamethylene group (pentane-1,5-diyl group), hexamethylene group (Hexane-1,6-diyl group), heptamethylene group (heptane-1,7-diyl group), octamethylene group (octane-1,8-diyl group), nonamethylene group (nonane-1,9-diyl group) ), Decamethylene group (decane-1,10-diyl group), undecane methylene group (undecane-1,11-diyl group), dodecane methylene group (dodecane-1,12-diyl group), tridecamethylene group ( Ridecane-1,13-diyl group), tetradecane methylene group (tetradecane-1,14-diyl group), pentadecane methylene group (pentadecane-1,15-diyl group), hexadecane methylene group (hexadecane-1,16) -Diyl group), heptadecane group (heptadecane-1,17-diyl group), octadecamethylene group (octadecane-1,18-diyl group), nonadecamethylene group (nonadecane-1,19-diyl group), Examples thereof include an alkylene group (alkanediyl group) having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as an icosamethylene group (icosane-1,20-diyl group). Specific examples of the alkylene group (alkanediyl group) having a hetero atom include, for example, a methylene bis (oxymethyl) group, a methylene bis (oxyethyl) group, a methylene bis (oxypropyl) group, a methylene bis (oxybutyl) group, and a methylene bis. (Oxypentyl) group, ethylenebis (oxymethyl) group, ethylenebis (oxyethyl) group, ethylenebis (oxypropyl) group, ethylenebis (oxybutyl) group, ethylenebis (oxypentyl) group, trimethylenebis (oxymethyl) ) Group, trimethylenebis (oxyethyl) group, trimethylenebis (oxypropyl) group, trimethylenebis (oxybutyl) group, trimethylenebis (oxypentyl) group, tetramethylenebis (oxymethyl) group, tetramethylenebis ( Oxy Til) group, tetramethylene bis (oxypropyl) group, tetramethylene bis (oxybutyl) group, tetramethylene bis (oxypentyl) group, pentamethylene bis (oxymethyl) group, pentamethylene bis (oxyethyl) group, pentamethylene bis And an alkylene group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (alkanediyl group) having an ether group (oxygen atom) such as an (oxypropyl) group, a pentamethylenebis (oxybutyl) group, and a pentamethylenebis (oxypentyl) group. In the above specific examples, the alkylene group (alkanediyl group) is not limited to the normal-form, but is branched such as sec-form, tert-form, iso-form, neo-form, or cyclic form such as cyclo-form. May be an alkylene group (alkanediyl group).

Specific examples when the divalent hydrocarbon group represented by T in the general formula [5] is an alkenylene group, that is, as an alkenylene group optionally having a hetero atom represented by T in the general formula [5] May be linear, branched or cyclic. Specific examples of the alkenylene group having no hetero atom include, for example, vinylene group, propenylene group, butenylene group, pentenylene group, hexenylene group, heptenylene group, octenylene group, nonenylene group, decenylene group, undecenylene group, dodecenylene group An alkenylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as a tridecenylene group, a tetradecenylene group, a pentadecenylene group, a hexadecenylene group, a heptadecenylene group, an octadecenylene group, a nonadecenylene group, and an icosenylene group. Specific examples of the case where the alkenylene group has a hetero atom include, for example, a perfluorovinylene group, a perfluoropropenylene group, a perfluorobutenylene group, a perfluoropentenylene group, a perfluorohexenylene group, Perfluoroheptenylene group, perfluorooctenylene group, perfluorononenylene group, perfluorodecenylene group, perfluoroundecenylene group, perfluorododecenylene group, perfluorotridecenylene group, perfluoro Tetradecenylene group, perfluoropentadecenylene group, perfluorohexadecenylene group, perfluoroheptadecenylene group, perfluorooctadecenylene group, perfluorononadecenylene group, perfluoroicoseni group 2 to 2 carbon atoms having a fluoro group (fluorine atom) such as a len group And the like of the alkenylene group. In the above specific examples, the alkenylene group is not limited to a normal-form, but is a branched alkenylene group such as a sec-form, tert-form, iso-form, or neo-form, or a cyclo-form. May be. Further, the position of the double bond in the alkenylene group is not limited to the 1-position, and may be an alkenylene group having a double bond at a position different from the 1-position such as the 2-position, the 3-position, and the ω-position.

Specific examples when the divalent hydrocarbon group represented by T in the general formula [5] is an arylene group, that is, the arylene group optionally having a heteroatom represented by T in the general formula [5] As a specific example, it may be monocyclic or condensed polycyclic. Specific examples of the arylene group having no hetero atom include arylene groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms such as a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, and a biphenylene group. Specific examples of the arylene group having a hetero atom include arylene having 6 to 12 carbon atoms having a fluoro group (fluorine atom) such as a perfluorophenylene group, a perfluoronaphthylene group, and a perfluorobiphenylene group. Groups and the like.

Specific examples when the divalent hydrocarbon group represented by T in the general formula [5] is an aralkylene group, that is, the aralkylene group optionally having a hetero atom represented by T in the general formula [5] As a specific example, it may be monocyclic or condensed polycyclic. Specific examples of the case where the aralkylene group does not have a hetero atom include, for example, benzylene group, phenethylene group, phenylpropylene group, phenylbutylene group, tetrahydronaphthylene group, naphthylmethylene group, naphthylethylene group, etc. There are 20 aralkylene groups. Specific examples of the aralkylene group having a hetero atom include, for example, a methylene bis (phenoxymethyl) group, a methylene bis (phenoxyethyl) group, a methylene bis (phenoxypropyl) group, an ethylene bis (phenoxymethyl) group, an ethylene bis ( Phenoxyethyl) group, ethylenebis (phenoxypropyl) group, dimethylmethylenebis (phenoxymethyl) group, dimethylmethylenebis (phenoxyethyl) group, diperfluoromethylmethylenebis (phenoxymethyl) group, diperfluoromethylmethylenebis ( Phenoxyethyl) group, trimethylene bis (phenoxymethyl) group, trimethylene bis (phenoxyethyl) group, tetramethylene bis (phenoxymethyl) group, tetramethylene bis (phenoxyethyl) group, pentamethyl 15 carbon atoms having hetero atoms such as oxygen atoms and fluorine atoms such as bis (phenoxymethyl) group, cyclopentanediylbis (phenoxymethyl) group, hexamethylenebis (phenoxyethyl) group, cyclohexanediylbis (phenoxymethyl) group -20 aralkylene groups and the like.

A ₁ and A ₂ , A ₁ and A ₄ , A ₃ and A ₄ , A ₅ and A ₆ , A ₅ and A ₇ , A ₈ and A ₁₀ , A ₉ and A in the general formulas [4] and [5] ₁₀ may form a cyclic structure with A ₁ to A ₁₀ and a carbon atom bonded to these A to form a cyclic structure (5 to 12-membered ring) having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. It means that it may be. Specific examples of such a cyclic structure having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (5- to 12-membered ring) include, for example, a cyclopentane ring, cyclohexane ring, cycloheptane ring, cyclooctane ring, cyclononane ring, cyclodecane ring, cycloundecane ring, And cyclododecane ring. The above-described specific examples are merely examples, and are not limited to the specific examples illustrated here. Monocycles, polycycles, spiro rings, bridged rings, and substituents such as alkyl groups are further substituted on these rings. Also included.

Specific examples of the epoxide (oxirane) represented by the general formula [4] include, for example, methyl glycidyl ether, ethyl glycidyl ether, propyl glycidyl ether, butyl glycidyl ether, pentyl glycidyl ether, hexyl glycidyl ether, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, styrene. Examples thereof include those represented by the following formulas such as oxide, phenyl glycidyl ether, naphthyl glycidyl ether and the like. The epoxide (oxirane) represented by the following formula is merely an example of a specific example, and is not limited to the specific example illustrated here.

Specific examples of the epoxide (oxirane) represented by the general formula [5] include, for example, 1,2-bis (glycidyloxy) ethane {1,2-ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether}, 1,3-bis (glycidyloxy). Propane {1,3-propylene glycol diglycidyl ether}, 1,4-bis (glycidyloxy) butane {1,4-butylene glycol diglycidyl ether}, 1,5-bis (glycidyloxy) pentane {1,5- Pentylene glycol diglycidyl ether}, 1,6-bis (glycidyloxy) hexane {1,6-hexylene glycol diglycidyl ether}, bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) methane {bisphenol F diglycidyl ether}, 1, 1-bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) ethane {bisphenol E diglycidyl ether}, 2,2-bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) propane {bisphenol A diglycidyl ether}, 2,2-bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane {bisphenol AF diglycidyl ether}, 2,2-bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) butane {bisphenol B diglycidyl ether}, 1,1-bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) cyclohexane {bisphenol Z diglycidyl ether} and the like represented by the following formula Can be mentioned. The epoxide (oxirane) represented by the following formula is merely an example of a specific example, and is not limited to the specific example illustrated here.

The epoxides (oxiranes) represented by the general formulas [4] and [5] may be commercially available products or those appropriately synthesized by general methods performed in this field.

Since the production method of the present invention can be applied to various epoxides (oxiranes), the structure of the cyclic carbonate which is a product is not limited. Specific examples of the cyclic carbonate include, for example, the above general formula [4] As a cyclic carbonate generated from the epoxide (oxirane) represented by the following general formula [6], or as a cyclic carbonate generated from the epoxide (oxirane) represented by the general formula [5], the following general formula What is shown by [7] is mentioned.

(In the formula, A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ and A ₄ are the same as above.)

(In the formula, A ₅ , A ₆ , A ₇ , A ₈ , A ₉ , A ₁₀ and T are the same as above.)

Specific examples of the cyclic carbonate represented by the general formula [6] include, for example, (methoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate, (ethoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate, (propoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate, (butoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate, (pentyloxymethyl) Ethylene carbonate, (hexyloxymethyl) ethylene carbonate, (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methyl acrylate, (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methyl methacrylate, (phenyl) What is shown by following formulas, such as ethylene carbonate, (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate, (naphthyloxymethyl) ethylene carbonate, is mentioned. In addition, the cyclic carbonate shown by the following formula is an example of a specific example to the last, Comprising: It is not limited to the specific example illustrated here.

Specific examples of the cyclic carbonate represented by the general formula [7] include 1,2-ethylenedioxybis [(methyl) ethylene carbonate], 1,3-propylenedioxybis [(methyl) ethylene carbonate], 1 , 4-Butylenedioxybis [(methyl) ethylene carbonate], 1,5-pentylenedioxybis [(methyl) ethylene carbonate], 1,6-hexylenedioxybis [(methyl) ethylene carbonate], methylenebis [ (P-phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate] {bisphenol F diglycidyl ether biscarbonate}, 1,1-ethylenebis [(p-phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate] {bisphenol E diglycidyl ether biscarbonate}, 2,2-propylene Bis [(p-phenoxime ) Ethylene carbonate] {bisphenol A diglycidyl ether ジル biscarbonate}, 2,2-hexafluoropropylenebis [(p-phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate] {bisphenol AF diglycidyl ether biscarbonate}, 2,2-butylenebis [( p-phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate] {bisphenol B diglycidyl ether biscarbonate}, 1,1-cyclohexylenebis [(p-phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate] {bisphenol Z diglycidyl ether biscarbonate} Can be mentioned. In addition, the cyclic carbonate shown by a following formula is an example of a specific example to the last, Comprising: It is not limited to the specific example illustrated here.

There are no particular restrictions on the order in which the raw materials epoxide (oxirane), carbon dioxide, the amine compound according to the present invention and hydrogen iodide are charged into the reaction system. For example, epoxide (oxirane), the amine compound according to the present invention and hydrogen iodide are sequentially charged into the reaction system, and a method of blowing carbon dioxide gas into the reaction system into which these are charged, the amine compound according to the present invention and After reacting hydrogen iodide to obtain a catalyst according to the present invention, epoxide (oxirane) and the catalyst according to the present invention are sequentially charged into the reaction system, and carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the reaction system into which these are charged. The method of blowing in is mentioned.

The production method of the present invention is desirably performed under the following conditions.

The amount of carbon dioxide used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a practical amount. For example, it is usually 0.9 equivalent or more, preferably 0.95 equivalent or more, relative to the number of moles of epoxide (oxirane), More preferably, it is 1.0 equivalent or more, and there is no particular upper limit. However, for economic reasons, 20 equivalent or less is preferable.

The amount of the amine compound used in the present invention is usually 0.1 to 30 mol%, preferably 0.5 to 20 mol%, based on 1 mol of epoxide (oxirane). In addition, when the usage-amount of the said amine is very small, it exists in the tendency for the yield of a cyclic carbonate to fall.

The amount of hydrogen iodide used in the present invention is usually 0.1 to 30 mol%, preferably 0.5 to 20 mol%, based on 1 mol of epoxide (oxirane). In addition, when the usage-amount of the said hydrogen bromide or hydrogen iodide is very small, it exists in the tendency for the yield of a cyclic carbonate to fall.

The amount of the catalyst (amine compound salt) used in the present invention is usually 0.1 to 30 mol%, preferably 0.5 to 20 mol%, based on 1 mol of epoxide (oxirane). In addition, when the usage-amount of the said catalyst (amine compound salt) is very small, it exists in the tendency for the yield of a cyclic carbonate to fall.

The production method of the present invention may be performed in an organic solvent in which an organic solvent is added to the reaction system, or may be performed in a system in which no organic solvent is added. When the reaction is carried out in a system in which no organic solvent is added, the raw material epoxide (oxirane) and the product cyclic carbonate also serve as a solvent.

Specific examples of the organic solvent may be any solvent that does not adversely affect the raw material epoxide (oxirane) and carbon dioxide, and the product cyclic carbonate. For example, aliphatic carbonization such as hexane, heptane, and octane. Hydrogen solvents such as aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene and xylene, halogen solvents such as dichloromethane, trichloromethane (chloroform) and tetrachloromethane (carbon tetrachloride) such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether and methyl Ether solvents such as t-butyl ether, cyclopentyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, such as 2-propanone (acetone), 2-butanone (ethyl methyl ketone), 4-methyl-2-pentanone (Mechi Ketone solvents such as isobutyl ketone) such as ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, s-butyl acetate, t-butyl acetate, ethyl butyrate and isoamyl butyrate, such as N, N- Amide solvents such as dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone), 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (dimethylethyleneurea), such as isopropanol, t Examples include alcohol solvents such as -butanol and 2-methoxyethanol, and nitrile solvents such as acetonitrile. Specific examples described above include a wide variety of organic solvents such as polar organic solvents, nonpolar organic solvents, protic organic solvents, aprotic organic solvents, and the like. It is desirable to select appropriately considering the solubility of the compound salt) in the organic solvent. For example, when mono-t-butylamine hydroiodide salt or dicyclohexylamine hydroiodide salt is used as the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention, for example, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide is used. It is preferable to select an amide solvent such as 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone), 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (dimethylethyleneurea), and the catalyst according to the present invention (amine In the case of using 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene (DBU) hydrogen iodide as the compound salt), for example, an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent such as hexane, heptane, octane, For example, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl t- Ether solvents such as tilether, cyclopentylmethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, such as ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, s-butyl acetate, t-butyl acetate, butyric acid It is preferable to select an ester solvent such as ethyl or isoamyl butyrate. In the specific examples described above, n- represents a normal isomer, s- represents a sec isomer, and t- represents a tert isomer.

The above organic solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The amount of the organic solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it is a practical amount, and is usually 0.01 to 500 mL, preferably 0.1 to 100 mL, with respect to 1 mmol of epoxide (oxirane), for example.

In the present invention, the temperature during the reaction (reaction temperature) is desirably set to a temperature at which the raw material epoxide (oxirane) and carbon dioxide efficiently react to obtain a cyclic carbonate in good yield. Since the present invention is characterized in that a cyclic carbonate can be obtained in good yield even under mild conditions such as normal temperature and normal pressure, among such desirable reaction temperatures, for example, usually 0 to 65 ° C. The reaction is preferably carried out at 20 to 60 ° C., more preferably 40 to 60 ° C.

The pressure at the time of reaction in the present invention is desirably set to a pressure at which the epoxide (oxirane) as a raw material and carbon dioxide efficiently react to obtain a cyclic carbonate in a high yield. Since the present invention is characterized in that a cyclic carbonate can be obtained in a high yield even under mild conditions such as normal temperature and normal pressure, among such desirable pressures, for example, 0.09 to 0.00. It is desirable to carry out the reaction at 11 MPa.

The reaction temperature and pressure described above are reaction conditions that have been difficult to achieve with conventional production methods. Since the manufacturing method of the present invention does not require the high temperature and high pressure conditions required by the conventional manufacturing method, compared with the conventional manufacturing method, it requires less heat energy to maintain the temperature and has a high strength. There is an advantageous effect suitable for production on an industrial scale such that a pressure vessel is not required.

The reaction time in the present invention is the kind of the epoxide (oxirane) and the amine compound according to the present invention, the amount of carbon dioxide used with respect to the epoxide (oxirane), and the amount of amine compound and hydrogen iodide according to the present invention with respect to the epoxide (oxirane). The presence or absence of addition of an organic solvent, the type and amount of the organic solvent used, the reaction temperature, and the pressure during the reaction may be affected. For this reason, the desired reaction time cannot be generally stated, but is usually 0.1 to 120 hours, preferably 1 to 72 hours, for example.

The cyclic carbonate obtained by the production method of the present invention can be isolated by general post-treatment operations and purification operations usually performed in this field. As a specific example of the isolation method, for example, if necessary, after distilling off the organic solvent in the reaction system, the resulting residue is subjected to recrystallization, distillation, column chromatography, etc. It can be isolated. In addition, if necessary, the cyclic residue can be isolated by performing an extraction operation on the obtained residue and removing impurities, followed by recrystallization, distillation, column chromatography, or the like.

About the preparation method of the catalyst (amine compound salt) concerning this invention when the amine compound concerning this invention and hydrogen iodide are made to react in another system, and the catalyst (amine compound salt) concerning this invention is prepared beforehand, Shown in

The preparation method of the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention mainly includes three preparation methods. Specifically, [1] a method of reacting an amine compound according to the present invention with hydroiodic acid, [2] an amine according to the present invention such as a hydrochloride or trifluoromethanesulfonate of the amine compound according to the present invention A method of reacting a salt of a compound with an alkali metal iodide salt such as sodium iodide to exchange anions, [3] After reacting a thiourea derivative with an alkyl iodide to give an isothiourea salt, mono or diamine The method of making it react with is mentioned.

[1] The catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention in the case of reacting the amine compound according to the present invention with hydroiodic acid may be prepared according to a general neutralization reaction. Specific examples of the preparation method include, for example, in the reaction system containing the amine compound according to the present invention, usually 0.9 to 5.0 equivalents, preferably 1.0, in terms of hydrogen iodide, relative to the amine compound. It is sufficient to react with ~ 3.0 equivalents of hydroiodic acid. In addition, the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention, which is the target product, is often in a solid state at normal temperature, and since the reaction system contains water derived from hydroiodic acid, It is desirable to carry out in an organic solvent compatible with water.

Specific examples of the amine compound according to the present invention include, as described above, for example, a monoamine represented by the general formula [1], a cyclic amidine represented by the general formula [2], and the general formula [3]. Those selected from guanidine.

For example, commercially available 57% hydroiodic acid may be used as the hydroiodic acid.

In the preparation method of [1], specific examples of the organic solvent compatible with water include ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane, such as 2-propanone (acetone) and 2-butanone. Examples thereof include ketone solvents such as (ethyl methyl ketone), and nitrile solvents such as acetonitrile. Moreover, the said organic solvent may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.

In the preparation method of [1] described above, the amount of the organic solvent compatible with water is not particularly limited as long as it is a practical amount. For example, primary to tertiary amines having a pKa of 8 or more. The amount is usually 0.01 to 500 mL, preferably 0.1 to 100 mL per 1 mmol.

The temperature during the reaction (reaction temperature) in the preparation method of the above [1] is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature at which the amine compound according to the present invention and hydroiodic acid are reacted. The temperature is preferably 10 to 50 ° C.

The pressure during the reaction in the preparation method [1] described above is not particularly limited as long as it is a pressure at which the amine compound according to the present invention and hydroiodic acid react, and is, for example, 0.09 to 0.11 MPa.

The reaction time in the preparation method of [1] described above is the kind of amine compound according to the present invention, the amount of hydroiodic acid used for the amine compound according to the present invention, the kind and amount of organic solvent used, the reaction temperature, and It may be affected by the pressure during the reaction. For this reason, the desired reaction time cannot be generally stated, but is usually 0.1 to 120 hours, preferably 1 to 60 hours, for example.

The catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention obtained by the preparation method of [1] described above can be isolated by general post-treatment operations and purification operations usually performed in this field. As a specific example of the isolation method, for example, after distilling off an organic solvent compatible with water and water derived from hydroiodic acid in the reaction system, the obtained residue is vacuum-dried to thereby obtain the present invention. The catalyst (amine compound salt) can be isolated. Moreover, the catalyst (amine compound salt) concerning this invention can be isolated also by performing recrystallization, distillation, column chromatography etc. about the obtained residue as needed.

[2] The preparation of the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention in the case of anion exchange by reacting the salt of the amine compound according to the present invention with an alkali metal iodide salt is in accordance with a general anion exchange reaction. Just do it. As a specific example of the preparation method, for example, in the reaction system containing the salt of the amine compound according to the present invention, usually 0.9 to 3.0 equivalents, preferably 0.95 to 2 with respect to the salt of the amine compound. It is sufficient to react 0.0 equivalent of an alkali metal iodide salt. In addition, since the salt of the amine compound and alkali metal iodide salt according to the present invention as raw materials and the catalyst according to the present invention as the target (amine compound salt) are often in a solid state at room temperature, they are prepared. Is preferably carried out in an organic solvent.

Specific examples of the salt of the amine compound according to the present invention used for anion exchange by reacting with an alkali metal iodide salt include, as an example, monoisopropylamine hydrochloride, monoisopropylamine acetate, monoisopropylamine Trifluoromethane sulfonate, mono-t-butylamine 水素 hydrochloride, mono-t-butylamine acetate, mono-t-butylamine trifluoromethanesulfonate, monocyclohexylamine 水素 hydrochloride, monocyclohexylamine acetate, monocyclohexylamine Trifluoromethane sulfonate, dicyclohexylamine 、 hydrochloride, dicyclohexylamine ジ acetate, dicyclohexylamine trifluoromethanesulfonate, benzyldimethylamine 水素 hydrochloride, benzyl dimethyl Hydrochloric acid salts, acetic acid salts or trifluoromethanesulfonic acid salts derived from monoamines represented by the general formula [1] such as ruamine acetate, benzyldimethylamine trifluoromethanesulfonate, etc., such as 1-methyl-1,4,5, 6-tetrahydropyrimidine 水素 hydrochloride, 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine 塩 acetate, 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1,2-dimethyl -1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydrochloride, 1,2-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine acetate, 1,2-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine Trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5-nonene (DBN) hydrogen chloride, 1,5-diazabi Chlo [4.3.0] -5-nonene (DBN) acetate, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5-nonene (DBN) trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5 4.0] -7-undecene (DBU) hydrogen chloride, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene (DBU) acetate, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] Hydrochloride, acetate or trifluoromethanesulfonate derived from the cyclic amidine represented by the general formula [2] such as -7-undecene (DBU) trifluoromethanesulfonate, such as guanidine hydrochloride, guanidine acetate, Guanidine trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1- (1-n-butyl) guanidine hydrochloride, 1- (1-n-butyl) guanidine acetate, 1- (1-n-butyl) guanidine Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid salt, 1- (1-n-butyl) -3-methylguanidine 水素 hydrochloride, 1- (1-n-butyl) -3-methylguanidine acetate, 1- (1-n-butyl) ) -3-Methylguanidine trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1- (1-n-butyl) -2,3-dimethylguanidine hydrochloride, 1- (1-n-butyl) -2,3-dimethylguanidine acetate 1- (1-n-butyl) -2,3-dimethylguanidine trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1- (1-n-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydrochloride, 1- (1- n-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine acetate, 1- (1-n-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine trifluoromethanesulfonate, 2- (1-n-butyl)- 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine dihydrochloride, 2- (1-n- Butyl) -1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine acetate, 2- (1-n-butyl) -1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine trifluoromethanesulfonate, 7-methyl-1, 5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene hydrochlorate, 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene acetate 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1- (1-n-octyl) guanidine アニ hydrochloride, 1- (1 -n-octyl) guanidine acetate, 1- (1-n-octyl) guanidine trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1,1-dicyclohexylguanidine hydrochloride, 1,1-dicyclohexylguanidine acetate, 1,1-dicyclohexylguanidine Trifluorome Sulfonate, 1-benzylguanidine hydrochloride, 1-benzylguanidine acetate, 1-benzylguanidine trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) guanidine hydrochloride, 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) Guanidine acetate, 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) guanidine trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1- (2-methoxyethyl) guanidine hydrochloride, 1- (2-methoxyethyl) guanidine acetate, 1- (2-methoxy Ethyl) guanidine trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1- (2-dimethylaminoethyl) guanidine hydrochloride, 1- (2-dimethylaminoethyl) guanidine acetate, 1- (2-dimethylaminoethyl) guanidine trifluoromethanesulfonic acid Salt, 1-benzyl-2,3,3-trimethylguanidi Hydrogen chloride, 1-benzyl-2,3,3-trimethylguanidine acetate, 1-benzyl-2,3,3-trimethylguanidine, trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1- (2-dimethylaminoethyl) -2 3,3-trimethylguanidine hydrochloride, 1- (2-dimethylaminoethyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine acetate, 1- (2-dimethylaminoethyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine trifluor Examples thereof include a hydrogen chloride salt, acetate salt or trifluoromethanesulfonate salt derived from guanidine represented by the general formula [3] such as lomethanesulfonate. In addition, the salt of the amine compound concerning this invention shown by the above-mentioned specific example is an example of a specific example to the last, Comprising: It is not limited to the specific example illustrated here. In the specific examples described above, n- represents a normal-form and t- represents a tert-form. In addition, what is necessary is just to use what was synthesize | combined suitably by the general method performed by the commercial item performed in this field | area as the salt of the amine compound concerning the said invention.

Specific examples of alkali metal iodide salts include lithium iodide, sodium iodide, potassium iodide, cesium iodide and the like. Moreover, the said alkali metal iodide salt should just use a commercial item.

In the above-mentioned preparation method [2], specific examples of the organic solvent include ether solvents such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl t-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, Ketone solvents such as 2-propanone (acetone), 2-butanone (ethyl methyl ketone), 4-methyl-2-pentanone (methyl isobutyl ketone), such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, t-butanol, 2-methoxyethanol, etc. Alcohol solvents such as nitrile solvents such as acetonitrile. In the above specific examples, t- represents a tert-isomer. Moreover, the said organic solvent may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.

In the preparation method of [2] described above, the amount of the organic solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it is a practical amount. For example, with respect to 1 mmol of a primary to tertiary amine salt having a pKa of 8 or more. The amount is usually 0.01 to 500 mL, preferably 0.1 to 100 mL.

The reaction temperature (reaction temperature) in the preparation method [2] described above is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature at which the salt of the amine compound according to the present invention reacts with the alkali metal iodide salt. -150 ° C, preferably 10-100 ° C.

The pressure during the reaction in the preparation method [2] is not particularly limited as long as the salt of the amine compound according to the present invention is reacted with the alkali metal iodide salt. 11 MPa.

The reaction time in the preparation method of [2] described above is the kind of the salt of the amine compound according to the present invention, the amount of the alkali metal iodide salt used with respect to the salt of the amine compound according to the present invention, the kind of the organic solvent and the amount of its use. , The reaction temperature, and the pressure during the reaction may be affected. For this reason, the desired reaction time is not generally known, but is usually 0.1 to 120 hours, preferably 1 to 60 hours, for example.

The catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention obtained by the above-described preparation method [2] can be isolated by general post-treatment operations and purification operations usually performed in this field. As a specific example of the isolation method, for example, the organic solvent in the reaction system is distilled off, followed by an extraction operation, and then the residue obtained by distilling off the extraction solvent in the extract is vacuum-dried. The catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention can be isolated. Moreover, the catalyst (amine compound salt) concerning this invention can be isolated also by performing recrystallization, distillation, column chromatography etc. about the obtained residue as needed.

[3] A preparation method in which a thiourea derivative and an alkyl iodide are reacted to form an isothiourea salt and then reacted with a mono- or diamine is a general formula [3 ′] of the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention. Used to prepare a salt of guanidine and hydrogen iodide having a pKa of 8 or more. Preparation may be carried out according to a method usually performed in this field. As a specific example of the preparation method, for example, in a reaction system containing a thiourea derivative, usually 0.9 to 3.0 equivalents, preferably 0.95 to 2.0 equivalents of an alkyl iodide with respect to the thiourea derivative. To give an isothiourea salt, and then 0.9 to 3.0 equivalents, preferably 0.95 to 2.0 equivalents of mono- or diamine may be reacted with the isothiourea salt. In addition, since the isothiourea salt that is an intermediate and the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention that is an object are often in a solid state at room temperature, the preparation is preferably performed in an organic solvent. .

Specific examples of the thiourea derivative include thiourea, N-methylthiourea, N, N-dimethylthiourea, N, N, N-trimethylthiourea, N, N, N, N-tetramethylthiourea and the like. . In addition, the thiourea derivative shown by the above-mentioned specific example is an example of a specific example to the last, Comprising: It is not limited to the specific example illustrated here. The thiourea derivative may be a commercially available product.

Specific examples of the alkyl iodide include alkyl iodides such as methyl iodide, ethyl iodide, and propyl iodide. Moreover, what is necessary is just to use a commercial item for the said alkyl iodide.

Specific examples of mono or diamine include, for example, mono or di n-butylamine, mono or di n-octylamine, mono or dicyclohexylamine, mono or dibenzylamine, mono or bis (2-hydroxyethyl) amine, mono or bis (2-methoxyethyl) amine, mono- or bis (2-dimethylaminoethyl) amine and the like can be mentioned. The mono- or diamine shown in the above specific examples is merely an example of specific examples, and is not limited to the specific examples illustrated here. In the above specific example, n- represents a normal-body. In addition, the said mono or diamine should just use a commercial item.

In the reaction for synthesizing the isothiourea salt which is an intermediate in the preparation method of [3] above, specific examples of the organic solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as hexane, heptane, and octane, such as benzene, Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene, for example, halogen solvents such as dichloromethane, trichloromethane (chloroform), tetrachloromethane (carbon tetrachloride), such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl t-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2 Examples include ether solvents such as 1-methyltetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane, alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, t-butanol, and 2-methoxyethanol, and nitrile solvents such as acetonitrile. In the above specific examples, t- represents a tert-isomer. Moreover, the said organic solvent may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.

In the reaction for synthesizing the isothiourea salt which is an intermediate in the preparation method of [3] described above, the amount of the organic solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it is a practical amount. On the other hand, it is usually 0.01 to 500 mL, preferably 0.1 to 100 mL.

In the reaction for synthesizing the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention, which is the object of the preparation method of [3] above, specific examples of the organic solvent include aliphatic carbonization such as hexane, heptane, and octane. Hydrogen solvents such as aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene and xylene, halogen solvents such as dichloromethane, trichloromethane (chloroform) and tetrachloromethane (carbon tetrachloride) such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether and methyl Examples include ether solvents such as t-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, and nitrile solvents such as acetonitrile. In the above specific examples, t- represents a tert-isomer. Moreover, the said organic solvent may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.

In the reaction for synthesizing the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention, which is the object of the above preparation method [3], the amount of the organic solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it is a practical amount. For example, with respect to 1 mmol of isothiourea salt, it is usually 0.01 to 500 mL, preferably 0.1 to 100 mL.

The reaction temperature (reaction temperature) in the reaction for synthesizing the isothiourea salt, which is an intermediate in the above preparation method [3], is particularly limited as long as it is a temperature at which the thiourea derivative reacts with alkyl iodide. For example, it is usually 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 10 to 80 ° C.

The reaction temperature (reaction temperature) in the reaction for synthesizing the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention, which is the object of the preparation method of [3] above, is the reaction of isothiourea salt with mono- or diamine. The temperature is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature to be used, for example, usually 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 10 to 80 ° C.

The reaction pressure in the reaction for synthesizing the isothiourea salt which is an intermediate in the preparation method of the above [3] is not particularly limited as long as it is a pressure at which the thiourea derivative reacts with alkyl iodide. 0.09 to 0.11 MPa.

The reaction pressure in the reaction for synthesizing the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention, which is the object of the preparation method of [3] above, may be a pressure at which the isothiourea salt reacts with mono- or diamine. For example, it is 0.09 to 0.11 MPa.

The reaction time in the reaction for synthesizing the isothiourea salt, which is an intermediate in the preparation method of [3] above, is the kind of thiourea derivative, the amount of alkyl iodide used for the thiourea derivative, the kind of organic solvent and its It may be affected by the amount used, reaction temperature, and pressure during the reaction. For this reason, the desired reaction time cannot be generally stated, but is usually 0.1 to 120 hours, preferably 1 to 60 hours, for example.

The reaction time in the reaction for synthesizing the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention, which is the object of the preparation method of [3] above, is the type of isothiourea salt, the amount of mono- or diamine used relative to the isothiourea salt. It may be affected by the type and amount of organic solvent used, the reaction temperature, the pressure during the reaction, and the like. For this reason, the desired reaction time cannot be generally stated, but is usually 0.1 to 60 hours, preferably 1 to 30 hours, for example.

The isothiourea salt obtained by the reaction for synthesizing the isothiourea salt which is an intermediate in the preparation method of the above [3] is usually isolated by a general post-treatment operation and purification operation performed in this field. be able to. As a specific example of the isolation method, for example, the unreacted alkyl iodide and the organic solvent in the reaction system are distilled off, and then the resulting residue is vacuum dried to isolate the isothiourea salt. . Moreover, an isothiourea salt can be isolated also by performing recrystallization, distillation, column chromatography etc. about the obtained residue as needed.

The catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention obtained by the reaction for synthesizing the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention, which is the object of the preparation method of [3] above, is usually carried out in this field. It can be isolated by general post-treatment operations and purification operations. As a specific example of the isolation method, for example, unreacted mono- or diamine and the organic solvent in the reaction system are distilled off, and then the resulting residue is vacuum-dried, whereby the catalyst according to the present invention (amine compound salt). Can be isolated. Moreover, the catalyst (amine compound salt) concerning this invention can be isolated also by performing recrystallization, distillation, column chromatography etc. about the obtained residue as needed.

As preparation methods of the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention, three preparation methods have been described. However, as long as the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention is obtained, the preparation method is not particularly limited, You may prepare by methods other than the manufacturing method mentioned above.

In the present invention, for the purpose of promoting the reaction, a compound having a highly active hydrogen atom may coexist during the reaction. The compound having a highly active hydrogen atom means a compound having a hydrogen atom capable of hydrogen bonding with an oxygen atom of an epoxide capable of hydrogen bonding with an oxygen atom of an epoxide (oxirane) as a raw material. More specifically, the compound has a hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, thiol group, thiocarboxyl group, primary or secondary amino group, primary or secondary amide group, sulfo group, ureylene group, thioureylene in the molecule. Having at least one group selected from a group and a hydroxyboryl group.

Specific examples of the compound having a hydroxyl group in the molecule include, for example, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, s-butanol, t-butanol, perfluoromethanol, perfluoroethanol, perfluoro. aliphatic alcohols such as n-propanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, perfluoroisopropanol, methoxymethanol, methoxyethanol, ethoxymethanol, ethoxyethanol, such as phenol, 4-methylphenol, 4-methoxyphenol, 4-nitrophenol, 2, Aromatic alcohols such as 2′-biphenol, 2-hydroxypyridine, and 3-hydroxypyridine are exemplified. In the specific examples described above, n- represents a normal isomer, s- represents a sec isomer, and t- represents a tert isomer.

Specific examples of the compound having a carboxyl group in the molecule include aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid and lauric acid. Acids such as oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and other aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid and citric acid An aliphatic tricarboxylic acid such as aconitic acid, an aliphatic oxocarboxylic acid such as pyruvic acid, an aromatic monocarboxylic acid such as benzoic acid, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, etc. Aromatic hydroxy carboxylic acids such as salicylic acid and gallic acid, for example aromatic hex such as melittic acid A carboxylic acid. In the present invention, a carboxylic acid having one or more hydroxyl groups in the molecule is referred to as a hydroxycarboxylic acid regardless of the number of carboxyl groups.

Specific examples of the compound having a thiol group in the molecule include fats such as methanethiol, ethanethiol, n-propanethiol, isopropanethiol, n-butanethiol, isobutanethiol, s-butanethiol, and t-butanethiol. Group thiols, for example, aromatic thiols such as thiophenol. In the specific examples described above, n- represents a normal isomer, s- represents a sec isomer, and t- represents a tert isomer.

Specific examples of the compound having a thiocarboxyl group in the molecule include aliphatic thiocarboxylic acids such as thioformic acid, thioacetic acid, thiopropionic acid, thiobutyric acid, thiovaleric acid, and thiocaproic acid, and aromatics such as thiobenzoic acid. Examples thereof include thiocarboxylic acid.

Specific examples of the compound having a primary or secondary amino group in the molecule include aliphatic primary amines such as methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine and ethanolamine, for example, aromatic primary amines such as aniline, Examples thereof include aliphatic secondary amines such as dimethylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, dibutylamine and diethanolamine, and aromatic secondary amines such as diphenylamine.

Specific examples of the compound having a primary or secondary amide group in the molecule include primary amides such as formamide, acetamide, and propanamide, such as N-methylformamide, N-ethylformamide, N-methylacetamide, N- Secondary amides such as ethylacetamide, N-methylpropanamide, N-ethylpropanamide and the like can be mentioned.

Specific examples of the compound having a sulfo group in the molecule include aliphatic sulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, propanesulfonic acid, butanesulfonic acid, and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, such as benzenesulfonic acid and toluenesulfonic acid. And aromatic sulfonic acids such as

Specific examples of the compound having a ureylene group in the molecule include 1- [3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -3-phenyl-2-urea.

Specific examples of the compound having a thioureylene group in the molecule include 1- [3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -3-phenyl-2-thiourea.

Specific examples of the compound having a hydroxyboryl group in the molecule include methyl boronic acid, ethyl boronic acid, propyl boronic acid, butyl boronic acid, propenyl boronic acid, phenyl boronic acid, 2-thiophene boronic acid and the like.

As the compound having a highly active hydrogen atom, not only a monomer but also a polymer can be used. Such a polymer has a structure (functional group) containing a hydrogen atom capable of hydrogen bonding with an oxygen atom of the epoxide in the structure.

Specific examples of such a polymer include, for example, a structure containing a hydrogen atom capable of hydrogen bonding with a vinyl group and an oxygen atom of an epoxide in the molecule, such as 4-hydroxystyrene, (meth) acrylic acid, and (meth) acrylamide. A homopolymer composed of monomer units derived from a compound having (functional group) or a copolymer thereof, for example, a copolymer composed of monomer units derived from 4-hydroxystyrene and monomer units derived from styrene, (meth) A structure (functional group) containing a hydrogen atom capable of hydrogen bonding with a vinyl group and an oxygen atom of epoxide in the molecule, such as a copolymer comprising a monomer unit derived from acrylic acid and a monomer unit derived from methacrylic acid ester A monomer unit derived from a compound having a hydrogen atom having a vinyl group in the molecule and capable of hydrogen bonding with an oxygen atom of an epoxide Structure (functional group) to have no compound copolymer comprising monomer units derived from including the child and the like.

Among the compounds having a highly active hydrogen atom, one of them may be used alone, or two or more of them may be used in combination.

The reason why the reaction is accelerated when a compound having a highly active hydrogen atom is used is as follows. That is, since a compound having a highly active hydrogen atom has a coordination action similar to that of a metal ligand with respect to the oxygen atom of the epoxide (oxirane), protonation of the epoxide (oxirane) tends to occur more effectively. Thus, it is considered that the ring opening of the epoxide (oxirane) by the iodine anion in the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention is facilitated.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the following examples, “%” is based on weight (w / w%) unless otherwise specified.

Synthesis Example 1 Synthesis of Isopropylamine Hydrogen Iodide [1′-A] To a solution of isopropylamine 236 mg (4 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) in 1,4-dioxane 8 mL, 55% hydrogen iodide at 25 ° C. 1 mL of an aqueous acid solution (ca. 7.3 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) was added dropwise over 1 minute, and the reaction was further stirred at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain 741 mg (yield of light yellow crystalline isopropylamine hydroiodide salt). : 99%). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 1.57 (d, 6H, J = 6.4 Hz, CH (C H ₃ ) ₂ ), 3.86 (quin, 1H, J = 6.4 Hz, C H (CH ₃ ) ₂ ), 7.16 (brs, 3H, N H ₃ ).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 21.1 (C (C H 3) 2), 45.9 (C (CH 3) 2).

Synthesis Example 2 Synthesis of t-butylamine hydrogen iodide [1′-B] To a solution of 293 mg of t-butylamine (4 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) in 8 mL of 1,4-dioxane, 55% iodine at 25 ° C. Hydrochloric acid aqueous solution 1mL (ca. 7.3mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) was added dropwise over 1 minute, and the reaction was further stirred at 25 ° C for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain 805 mg of colorless crystalline t-butylamine hydrogen iodide (yield). : 100%). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 1.27 (s, 9H, C (C H ₃ ) ₃ ), 7.78 (brs, 3H, N H ₃ ).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, DMSO} -d 6, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 27.1 (C (C H 3) 3), 51.2 (C (CH 3) 3).

Synthesis Example 3 Synthesis of Cyclohexylamine Hydroiodide [1′-C] To 8 ml of 1,4-dioxane in 397 mg (4 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) of cyclohexylamine at 25 ° C. and 55% hydrogen iodide 1 mL of an aqueous acid solution (ca. 7.3 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) was added dropwise over 1 minute, and the reaction was further stirred at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain 910 mg of colorless crystalline cyclohexylamine hydrogen iodide salt (yield: 100%). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 1.02-1.15 (m, 1H, C H ₂ ), 1.18-1.33 (m, 4H, C H ₂ ), 1.54-1.63 (m, 1H, C H ₂ ), 1.66-1.77 (m, 2H, C H ₂ ), 1.83-1.91 (m, 2H, C H ₂ ), 2.93-3.04 (m, 1H, NC H ), 7.69 (brs, 3H, N H ₃ ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 23.7 ( C H ₂ ), 24.5 ( C H ₂ ), 30.3 ( C H ₂ ), 49.3 (N C H).

Synthesis Example 4 Synthesis of Dicyclohexylamine Hydroiodide [1′-D] To a solution of 725 mg of dicyclohexylamine (4 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 8 mL of 1,4-dioxane, 55% hydroiodic acid at 25 ° C. 1 mL of an aqueous solution (ca. 7.3 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) was added dropwise over 1 minute, and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain 1.24 g of colorless crystalline dicyclohexylamine hydroiodide (condensed). Rate: 100%). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 1.03-1.16 (m, 2H, C H ₂ ), 1.18-1.36 (m, 8H, C H ₂ ), 1.57-1.66 (m, 2H, C H ₂ ), 1.72-1.81 (m, 4H, C H ₂ ), 1.94-2.05 (m, 4H, C H ₂ ), 3.07-3.21 (m, 2H, NC H ), 8.09 (brs, 2H, N H ₂ ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 23.8 ( C H ₂ ), 24.8 ( C H ₂ ), 28.9 ( C H ₂ ), 52.2 (N C H).

Synthesis Example 5 Synthesis of 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydrogen iodide [2′-A] 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine 393 mg (4 mmol) of 1, 1 mL of 55% hydroiodic acid aqueous solution (ca. 7.3 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) was added dropwise to the 4-dioxane 8 mL solution at 25 ° C over 1 minute, and the mixture was further stirred at 25 ° C for 12 hours. Reacted. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to give 1-methyl-1,4,5 as a dark brown oily substance. 901 mg (yield:> 99%) of 6,6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydrogen iodide was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
^{1 H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 2.17 (quin, 2H, J = 6.0Hz, CH 2 C H 2 CH 2), 3.39 (s, 3H, NC H ₃ ), 3.50-3.57 (m, 4H, C H ₂ CH ₂ C H ₂ ), 8.35 (d, 1H, J = 6.0 Hz, N = C H -N), 9. 22 (brs, 1H, NH ).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 18.4 (CH 2 C H 2 CH 2), 36.8 (N C H 3), 42.7 (HN C H 2) _{_{, 46.2 (CH 3 N C H}} 2), 152.0 (N = C -N).

Synthesis Example 6 Synthesis of 1,2-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydrogen iodide [2′-B] 449 mg (4 mmol) of 1,2-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine 1 mL of a 55% hydroiodic acid aqueous solution (ca. 7.3 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added dropwise over 1 minute to an 8 mL solution of 1,4-dioxane manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. Then, the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to give 1,2-dimethyl-1,4, 962 mg (yield: 100%) of 5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydrogen iodide was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
^{1 H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 2.16 (quin, 2H, J = 6.0Hz, CH 2 C H 2 CH 2), 2.54 (s, 3H, CC _{H 3), 3.25 (s,} 3H, NC H 3), 3.47-3.52 (m, 2H, CH 3 NC H 2), 3.56 (t, 2H, J = 6.0Hz, HNC H ₂ ), 9.41 (brs, 1H, N H ).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 18.4 (CH 2 C H 2 CH 2), 19.4 (C C H 3), 38.0 (N C H 3) 39.9 (HN C H ₂ ), 48.4 (CH ₃ N C H ₂ ), 161.0 (N = C 2 -N).

Synthesis Example 7 Synthesis of 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5-nonene hydroiodide [2'-C] 497 mg (4 mmol) of 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5-nonene 1 ml of 55% hydroiodic acid aqueous solution (ca. Thereafter, the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours, whereby 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3. 0] -5-nonene hydroiodide salt (1.01 g, yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
^{1 H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 2.16 (quin, 2H, J = 6.0Hz, NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NH), 2.24 (quin, 2H, _{_{J = 7.6Hz, NCH 2 C H}} 2 CH 2 C), 3.19 (t, 2H, J = 7.6Hz, NC H 2 CH 2 CH 2 C), 3.51-3.58 (m, _{_{_{4H, NC H 2 CH 2 C}}} H 2 NH), 3.79 (t, 2H, J = 7.6Hz, NC H 2 CH 2 CH 2 C), 9.45 (brs, 1H, N H).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 18.6 (NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NH), 19.4 (NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 C), 30.7 ( _{_{_{NCH 2 CH 2 C H 2 C}}} ), 37.8 (NCH 2 CH 2 C H 2 NH), 42.8 (N C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH), 53.7 (N C H 2 CH 2 CH ₂ C), 164.4 (N = C− N).

Synthesis Example 8 Synthesis of 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene hydroiodide [2′-D] 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene 609 mg (4 mmol) 1 ml of 55% hydroiodic acid aqueous solution (ca. Thereafter, the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours, whereby 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4. 0] -7-undecene hydrogen iodide 1.10 g (yield: 98%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 1.73-1.86 (m, 6H, NCH ₂ C H ₂ C H ₂ C H ₂ CH ₂ C), 2.12 ( _{quin, 2H, J = 6.0Hz,} NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NH), 2.98-3.04 (m, 2H, NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H 2 C), 3.46- _{_{_{3.52 (m, 2H, NC H}}} 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH), 3.60-3.66 (m, 4H, C H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 C H 2 NH), 9.48 (brs, 1H , N H ).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 19.2 (NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NH), 23.7 (NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H 2 CH 2 C), _{_{_{26.5 (NCH 2 CH 2 C H}}} 2 CH 2 CH 2 C), 28.7 (NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C), 32.7 (NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H _{_{_{2 C), 37.7 (NCH 2}}} CH 2 C H 2 NH), 48.8 (N C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH), 54.7 (N C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C ), 166.0 (N = C -N ).

Synthesis Example 9 Synthesis of S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide salt In a suspension of 7.61 g (100 mmol; manufactured by Aldrich) of thiourea in 100 mL of dry ethanol, 17.0 g of methyl iodide (120 mmol; Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) at room temperature The product was further reacted by stirring at room temperature for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to obtain 21.8 g (yield: 100%) of S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide salt as a colorless powder. It was. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 2.58 (s, 3H, C H ₃ ), 8.89 (s, 4H, N H ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 13.4 ( C H ₃ ), 171.1 (N = C 3 -N).

Synthesis Example 10 Synthesis of 1- (1-butyl) guanidine hydrogen iodide [3′-A] Synthesis was performed at 25 ° C. in 10 mL of dry tetrahydrofuran of 731 mg (10 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) of n-butylamine. 2.18 g (10 mmol) of 21.8 g of S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide obtained in Example 9 was added, and the mixture was further stirred at 25 ° C. for 6 hours for reaction. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 1- (1-butyl) guanidine iodide as a pale yellow oil. 2.44 g of hydrogen fluoride salt (yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 0.89 (t, 3H, J = 7.2 Hz, C H ₃ ), 1.30 (sext, 2H, J = 7) _{_{.3Hz, C H 2 CH 3)}} , 1.45 (quin, 2H, J = 7.3Hz, NCH 2 C H 2), 3.10 (t, 2H, J = 7.2Hz, NC H 2 CH 2 ), 7.38 (brs, 5H, NH ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 13.5 ( C H ₃ ), 19.2 ( C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 30.5 (NCH ₂ C H ₂ ) , 40.5 (N C H ₂ CH ₂ ), 156.6 (N = C 2 -N).

Synthesis Example 11 Synthesis of N′-methyl-S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide In a suspension of 9.0 mL of N-methylthiourea (100 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 100 mL of dry ethanol at room temperature After adding 17.0 g of methyl (120 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.), the mixture was further reacted by stirring at room temperature for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 23.2 g of N′-methyl-S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide salt as a colorless powder (yield: 100%). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 2.61 (s, 3H, SC H ₃ ), 2.91 (s, 3H, NC H ₃ ), 9.11 ( s, 3H, NH ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 14.1 (S C H ₃ ), 31.1 (N C H ₃ ), 168.3 (N = C 3 -N) .

Synthesis Example 12 Synthesis of 1- (1-butyl) -3-methylguanidine hydrogen iodide [3′-B] To a solution of n-butylamine 731 mg (10 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) in dry tetrahydrofuran 10 mL, 25 2.32 g (10 mmol) of 23.2 g of N′-methyl-S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide salt obtained in Synthesis Example 11 was added at ℃, and further stirred at 25 ° C. for 6 hours to react. I let you. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give colorless crystals of 1- (1-butyl) -3-methyl. 2.57 g (yield: 100%) of guanidine hydrogen iodide was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 0.89 (t, 3H, J = 7.3 Hz, C H ₃ ), 1.30 (sext, 2H, J = 7) .3 Hz, C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 1.45 (quin, 2 H, J = 7.3 Hz, NCH ₂ C H ₂ ), 2.70 (s, 3 H, NC H ₃ ), 3.10 (t, 2H, J = 7.3 Hz, NC H ₂ CH ₂ ), 7.24 (brs, 4H, NH ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 13.5 ( C H ₃ ), 19.2 ( C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 28.0 (N C H ₃ ), _{_{30.5 (NCH 2 C H 2)}} , 40.6 (N C H 2 CH 2), 156.1 (N = C -N).

Synthesis Example 13 Synthesis of N, N′-dimethyl-S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide In a suspension of N, N′-dimethylthiourea 10.4 g (100 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 100 mL of dry ethanol, After adding 17.0 g (120 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) of methyl iodide at room temperature, the mixture was further reacted by stirring at room temperature for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours. Rate: 100%). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 2.65 (s, 3H, SC H ₃ ), 2.93 (s, 3H, NC H ₃ ), 2.96 ( _{s, 3H, NC H 3)} , 8.71 (s, 1H, N H), 8.99 (s, 1H, N H).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 13.6 (S C H ₃ ), 30.6 (N C H ₃ ), 30.8 (N C H ₃ ), 168.1 (N = C− N).

Synthesis Example 14 Synthesis of 1- (1-butyl) -2,3-dimethylguanidine hydrogen iodide [3′-C] To a solution of n-butylamine 731 mg (10 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) in 10 mL of dry tetrahydrofuran Then, 2.46 g (10 mmol) of 24.6 g of N, N′-dimethyl-S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide obtained in Synthesis Example 13 was added at 25 ° C., and then at 25 ° C. for 6 hours. The reaction was stirred. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 1- (1-butyl) -2,3 as colorless crystals. -Dimethylguanidine 2.71 g (yield: 100%) of hydrogen iodide was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 0.89 (t, 3H, J = 7.4 Hz, C H ₃ ), 1.30 (sext, 2H, J = 7) .4 Hz, C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 1.48 (quin, 2 H, J = 7.4 Hz, NCH ₂ C H ₂ ), 2.74 (s, 3 H, N C H ₃ ), 2.76 (s, 3H, NC H ₃ ), 3.12 (q, 2H, J = 7.2 Hz, NC H ₂ CH ₂ ), 7.28 (t, 1H, J = 5.6 Hz, CH ₂ NH ), 7. 38 (q, 2H, J = 4.4Hz, CH 3 N H).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 13.6 ( C H ₃ ), 19.3 ( C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 28.1 (N C H ₃ ), _{_{30.5 (NCH 2 C H 2)}} , 40.7 (N C H 2 CH 2), 155.2 (N = C -N).

Synthesis Example 15 Synthesis of N, N ′, N′-trimethyl-S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide A solution of 23.7 g of trimethylthiourea (200 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 200 mL of dry ethanol at room temperature After adding 34.1 g of methyl iodide (240 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.), the mixture was further reacted by stirring at room temperature for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give a red oily N, N ′, N′-trimethyl-S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide salt 52 0.0 g (yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 2.70 (s, 3H, SC H ₃ ), 3.33 (d, 3H, J = 5.2 Hz, NHC H ₃ ), 3.54 (s, 6H, N (C H ₃ ) ₂ ), 8.99 (s, 1 H, N H ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 17.1 (S C H ₃ ), 33.5 (N C H ₃ ), 43.7 (N ( C H ₃ ) ₂ ) , 168.9 (N = C -N) .

Synthesis Example 16 Synthesis of 1- (1-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydroiodide [3′-D] N, N ′, N′-trimethyl-S— obtained in Synthesis Example 15 After adding 731 mg (10 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) of n-butylamine at 25 ° C. to a solution of 2.60 g (10 mmol) of 52.0 g of methylisothiourea iodide in 10 mL of dry tetrahydrofuran, The reaction was stirred at 25 ° C. for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 1- (1-butyl) -2 as a pale yellow oil. , 3,3-trimethylguanidine hydroiodide 2.85 g (yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 0.94 (t, 3H, J = 7.2 Hz, C H ₃ ), 1.38 (sext, 2H, J = 7.2 Hz) _{_{, C H 2 CH 3),}} 1.71 (quin, 2H, J = 7.2Hz, NCH 2 C H 2), 3.04 (d, 3H, J = 4.8Hz, NHC H 3), 3. 13 (s, 6H, (NC H ₃ ) ₂ ), 3.35 (q, 2H, J = 6.8 Hz, NC H ₂ CH ₂ ), 6.72 (brs, 1H, CH ₂ NH ), 7 _{.10 (brs, 1H, CH 3} N H).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 13.6 ( C H ₃ ), 19.8 ( C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 31.3 (N C H ₃ ), 31. _{_{8 (NCH 2 C H 2)}} , 40.6 (N (C H 3) 2), 44.5 (N C H 2 CH 2), 159.5 (N = C -N).

Synthesis Example 17 Synthesis of N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethyl-S-methylisothiourea hydroiodide A solution of 6.61 g of tetramethylthiourea (50 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 50 mL of dry ethanol at room temperature After adding 8.52 g (60 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) of methyl iodide, the mixture was further reacted by stirring at room temperature for 24 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours, whereby N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethyl-S-methylisothiourea of pale yellow crystals was iodinated. 13.7 g of hydrogen salt (yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 2.75 (s, 3H, SC H ₃ ), 3.46 (s, 12H, NC H ₃ ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 18.4 (S C H ₃ ), 45.2 (N C H ₃ ), 176.9 (N = C 3 -N).

Synthesis Example 18 Synthesis of 2- (1-butyl) -1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine hydrogen iodide [3′-E] of n-butylamine 731 mg (10 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 2.74 g (10 mmol) of 13.7 g of N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethyl-S-methylisothiourea hydroiodide salt obtained in Synthesis Example 17 at 25 ° C. in a dry tetrahydrofuran 10 mL solution Then, the mixture was further stirred at 25 ° C. for 12 hours for reaction. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give colorless oily 2- (1-butyl) -1, 1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine hydrogen iodide salt (3.01 g, yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 0.94 (t, 3H, J = 7.6 Hz, C H ₃ ), 1.37 (sext, 2H, J = 7.6 Hz) _{_{, C H 2 CH 3),}} 1.74 (quin, 2H, J = 7.6Hz, NCH 2 C H 2), 3.04 (brs, 6H, N (C H 3) 2), 3.17 ( _{_{brs, 6H, (NC H 3}} ) 2), 3.25 (dq, 2H, J = 6.8,1.6Hz, NC H 2 CH 2), 7.54 (brs, 1H, N H).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 13.4 ( C H ₃ ), 19.7 ( C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 31.8 (NCH ₂ C H ₂ ), 40 .2 (N C H ₃ ), 41.1 (N C H ₃ ), 44.7 (N C H ₂ CH ₂ ), 160.9 (N = C— N).

Synthesis Example 19 Synthesis of 1- (1-octyl) guanidine hydrogen iodide [3′-F] Synthesis example of n-octylamine 1.29 g (10 mmol; manufactured by Aldrich) in 10 mL of dry tetrahydrofuran at 25 ° C. 2.18 g (10 mmol) of 21.8 g of the S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide obtained in 9 was added, and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 1- (1-octyl) guanidine as a colorless oil. 3.01 g of hydrogen salt (yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 0.86 (t, 3H, J = 6.8 Hz, C H ₃ ), 1.24-1.31 (m, 10H) _{_{_{, (C H 2) 5 CH}}} 3), 1.46 (quin, 2H, J = 6.8Hz, NCH 2 C H 2), 3.09 (q, 2H, J = 6.5Hz, NC H 2 CH ₂ ), 6.31-7.50 (br, 5H, NH ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 14.0 ( C H ₃ ), 22.1 ( C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 26.0, 28.4, 28. 5, 28.6, 31.2 (5 x C H ₂ ), 40.8 (N C H ₂ ), 156.6 (N = C -N).

Synthesis Example 20 Synthesis of 1,1-dicyclohexylguanidine hydrogen iodide [3′-G] Synthesis Example 9 was carried out at 25 ° C. in a solution of 1.81 g of dicyclohexylamine (10 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 25 mL of tetrahydrofuran. 2.18 g (10 mmol) of 21.8 g of the S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide obtained in the above was added, and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to obtain colorless powder of 1,1-dicyclohexylguanidine hydrogen iodide salt 3 Obtained .51 g (yield: 100%). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 1.03-1.16 (m, 2H, C H ₂ ), 1.19-1.36 (m, 8H, 4 × C H ₂ ), 1.56-1.65 (m, 2H, C H ₂ ), 1.72-1.80 (m, 4H, 2 × C H ₂ ), 1.95-2.03 ( m, 4H, 2 × C H ₂ ), 3.10-3.20 (m, 2H, 2 × C H ₂ ), 5.37-8.90 (br, 3H, N H ).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, DMSO} -d 6, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 23.8 (4 × (CHCH 2 C H 2)), 24.8 (2 × (CHCH 2 CH 2 C H 2) ), 28.9 (4 × (CH C H ₂ )), 52.2 (2 × C H), 162.8 (N = C 2 -N).

Synthesis Example 21 Synthesis of 1-benzylguanidine hydrogen iodide [3′-H] Obtained in Synthesis Example 9 in a solution of 10.7 g of benzylamine (10 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 10 mL of dry tetrahydrofuran at 25 ° C. After adding 2.18 g (10 mmol) of 21.8 g of the obtained S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide salt, the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 2.78 g of 1-benzylguanidine hydrogen iodide as colorless crystals. (Yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 4.37 (s, 2H, C H ₂ ), 6.54-8.12 (m, 5H, N H ), 7 .31 (t, 3H, J = 7.0 Hz, Ar H ), 7.39 (t, 2H, J = 7.0 Hz, Ar H ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 44.1 ( C H ₂ ), 127.3, 127.6, 128.7, 137.1 ( Ar ), 156. 7 (N = C− N).

Synthesis Example 22 Synthesis of 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) guanidine hydroiodide [3′-I] Synthesis of ethanolamine 611 mg (10 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 10 mL of dry tetrahydrofuran at 25 ° C. 2.18 g (10 mmol) of 21.8 g of the S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide obtained in 9 was added, and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) guanidine iodide as pale yellow crystals. 2.26 g (yield: 98%) of hydride was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
^{1 H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO} -d 6, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 3.16 (t, 2H, J = 5.2Hz, NHC H 2), 3.42 (brs, 1H, O H) 3.48 (t, 2H, J = 5.6 Hz, HOC H ₂ ), 6.14-7.61 (br, 5H, N H ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 43.5 (NH C H ₃ ), 59.2 (HO C H ₂ ), 157.0 (N = C 2 -N) .

Synthesis Example 23 Synthesis of 1- (2-methoxyethyl) guanidine hydroiodide [3′-J] Synthesis of 751 mg (10 mmol; manufactured by Aldrich) of O-methylethanolamine in 10 mL of dry tetrahydrofuran at 25 ° C. 2.18 g (10 mmol) of 21.8 g of the S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide obtained in 9 was added, and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 1- (2-methoxyethyl) guanidine as a colorless transparent oil. 2.45 g of hydrogen iodide salt (yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 3.29 (s, 3H, C H ₃ ), 3.30 (t, 2H, J = 4.8 Hz, NHC H ₂ ), 3.43 (t, 2H, J = 4.8Hz, CH 3 OC H 2), 6.62-7.75 (br, 5H, N H).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 41.2 (NH C H ₂ ), 58.6 (O C H ₃ ), 70.4 (CH ₃ O C H ₂ ), 157.4 (N = C -N ).

Synthesis Example 24 Synthesis of 1- (N, N-dimethylaminoethyl) guanidine hydroiodide [3′-K] Then, 2.18 g (10 mmol) of 21.8 g of the S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide obtained in Synthesis Example 9 was added at 25 ° C., and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 1- (N, N-dimethylamino) as a pale yellow oil. Ethyl) guanidine hydroiodide 2.59 g (yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 2.18 (s, 6H, N (C H ₃ ) ₂ ), 2.39 (t, 2H, J = 6.0 Hz) _{_{_{, (CH 3) 2 NC H}}} 2), 3.19 (br, 2H, CH 3 OC H 2), 6.56-7.62 (br, 5H, N H).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, DMSO} -d 6, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 38.8 (NH C H 2), 44.8 (N (C H 3) 2), 57.2 ((CH 3 ) ₂ N C H ₂ ), 156.9 (N = C— N).

Synthesis Example 25 Synthesis of 1-benzyl-2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydrogen iodide [3′-L] To a solution of 1.07 g of benzylamine (10 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 10 mL of dry tetrahydrofuran, 25 2.60 g (10 mmol) of 52.0 g of N, N ′, N′-trimethyl-S-methylisothiourea hydroiodide obtained in Synthesis Example 15 was added at 5 ° C., and then 6 ° C. at 25 ° C. The reaction was stirred for an hour. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 1-benzyl-2,3,3 as a pale yellow oil. -Trimethylguanidine hydrogen iodide 3.26g (yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 2.81 (s, 3H, NC H ₃ ), 2.95 (s, 6H, N (C H ₃ ) ₂ ), 4.43 (s, 2H, C H ₂ ), 7.29-7.43 (m, 5H, Ar H ), 7.56 (s, 1H, NH ), 7.90 (s, 1H, N H ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 30.7 (N C H ₃ ), 39.3 (N ( C H ₃ ) ₂ , 46.9 ( C H ₂ ) , 127.4, 127.6, 128.6, 137.6 ( Ar ), 159.4 (N = C− N).

Synthesis Example 26 Synthesis of 1- (N, N-dimethylaminoethyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydrogen iodide [3′-M] N, N-dimethylethylenediamine 882 mg (10 mmol; Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) Of the N, N ′, N′-trimethyl-S-methylisothiourea hydrogen iodide 52.0 g obtained in Synthesis Example 15 at 25 ° C. in a 10 mL dry tetrahydrofuran solution. Then, the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 1- (N, N-dimethylaminoethyl as a yellow oil. ) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine 3.01 g (yield: 100%) of hydrogen iodide was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 2.35 (s, 6H, N (C H ₃ ) ₂ ), 2.62 (t, 2H, J = 4.8 Hz, ( _{_{_{CH 3) 2 NC H 2)}}} , 2.94 (d, 3H, J = 4.4Hz, = NC H 3), 3.13 (s, 6H, = CN (C H 3) 2), 3.45 _{(t, 2H, J = 4.8Hz} , NHC H 2), 7.59 (s, 1H, N H), 9.96 (s, 1H, N H).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 31.8 (= N C H ₃ ), 40.5 (= CN ( C H ₃ ) ₂ ), 41.3 (NH C H ₂ ), 44.9 (N ( C H ₃ ) ₂ ), 60.5 ((CH ₃ ) ₂ N C H ₂ ), 160.4 (N = C— N).

Synthesis Example 27 Synthesis of 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene hydrogen iodide [3'-N] 7-methyl-1,5,7- To a solution of triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene (307 mg, 2 mmol; manufactured by Aldrich) in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL) at 25 ° C., a 55% aqueous hydroiodic acid solution (0.5 mL, ca. 3.7 mmol (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) was added dropwise over 1 minute, and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours, whereby 7-methyl-1,5,7- This gave 561 mg (yield:> 99%) of triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene hydrogen iodide. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
^{1 H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 2.07 (quin, 2H, J = 6.0Hz, NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NCH 3), 2.15 (quin, 2H _{, J = 6.0Hz, HNCH 2 C} H 2 CH 2 N), 3.26 (s, 3H, NCH 3), 3.41-3.50 (m, 6H, C H 2 NC H 2 CH 2 C _{_{H 2 NCH 3), 3.51-3.56 (}} m, 2H, HNC H 2 CH 2 CH 2 N), 7.14 (brs, 1H, N H).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 20.5 (NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NCH 3), 21.0 (HNCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 N), 38.6 _{(N C H 3), 39.7} (HN C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 N), 47.2 (HNCH 2 CH 2 C H 2 N), 48.0 (N C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 NCH 3 _{_{_{), 48.8 (NCH 2 CH 2}}} C H 2 NCH 3), 150.8 (N = C -N).

Synthesis Example 28 Synthesis of guanidine hydrogen iodide [3′-O] In a mixed solution of 1.91 g of guanidine hydrochloride (20 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) in 4 mL of methanol and 6 mL of acetone, 3.00 g of sodium iodide After adding a mixed solution of methanol (4 mL) and acetone (6 mL) (20 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.), the mixture was further heated to reflux at 70 ° C. for 12 hours to be reacted. After completion of the reaction, the cooled reaction solution was filtered, and the sodium chloride residue was washed with acetone. The washing solution and the filtrate were combined, the combined solution was concentrated and the solvent was distilled off. Then, the concentrated residue was extracted with acetone to remove insoluble matters. The residue obtained by concentrating the acetone solution and distilling off the solvent was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to obtain 3.74 g (yield: 100%) of guanidine hydrogen iodide as colorless crystals. . The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 6.94 (s, 6H, 3NC H ₂ ), Cyclohexane as standard of integral intensity: 1.40 ppm (s, 12H, 6C H ₂ ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 157.8 (N = C 3 -N).

Comparative Synthesis Example 1 Synthesis of aniline hydrogen iodide [10′-A] To a solution of 373 mg of aniline (4 mmol; manufactured by Aldrich) in 8 mL of 1,4-dioxane at 25 ° C., 1 mL of a 55% aqueous hydroiodic acid solution (ca 7.3 mmol (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) was added dropwise over 1 minute, and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 4 hours, whereby 885 mg (yield: 100%). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 7.38 (d, 2H, J = 7.2 Hz, Ar H ), 7.44 (t, 1H, J = 7. 2 Hz, Ar H ), 7.54 (t, 1 H, J = 7.2 Hz, Ar H ), 9.76 (brs, 2 H, N H ₂ ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 123.1 ( Ar ), 128.2 ( Ar ), 129.9 ( Ar ), 131.6 ( Ar ).

Comparative Synthesis Example 2 Synthesis of Dicyclohexylamine Hydrochloride [10′-B] To a solution of dicyclohexylamine 725 mg (4 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 1,4-dioxane 8 mL at 25 ° C., 35% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution 1 mL (ca. 12 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added dropwise over 1 minute, and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain 854 mg of colorless crystalline dicyclohexylamine hydrochloride (yield: 98 %). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD, 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 1.16-1.45 (m, 10 H , C H ₂ ), 1.68-1.76 (m, 2 H, C H ₂ ), 1.81-1.92 (m, 4H, C H ₂ ), 2.04-2.15 (m, 4H, C H ₂ ), 3.15-3.24 (m, 2H, NC H ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CD ₃ OD, 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 25.5 ( C H ₂ ), 26.1 ( C H ₂ ), 30.5 ( C H ₂ ), 54.5 ( N C H).

Comparative Synthesis Example 3 Synthesis of Dicyclohexylamine Hydrobromide [10′-C] To a solution of 725 mg of dicyclohexylamine (4 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 8 mL of 1,4-dioxane, 47% hydrogen bromide at 25 ° C. 1 mL of an aqueous acid solution (ca. 8.8 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added dropwise over 1 minute, and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain 1.05 g (yield) of colorless crystalline dicyclohexylamine hydrobromide. Rate: 100%). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 80 ° C.) δ (ppm): 1.04-1.18 (m, 2H, C H ₂ ), 1.21-1.47 (m, 8H, C H ₂ ), 1.57-1.66 (m, 2H, C H ₂ ), 1.72-1.81 (m, 4H, C H ₂ ), 1.99-2.08 (m, 4H, C H ₂ ), 3.06-3.18 (m, 2H, NC H ), 8.32 (brs, 2H, N H ₂ ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 80 ° C.) δ (ppm): 23.5 ( C H ₂ ), 24.4 ( C H ₂ ), 28.4 ( C H ₂ ), 51.9 (N C H), 52.8 (N C H).

Comparative Synthesis Example 4 Iodination Synthesis of N, N-dimethyldicyclohexylammonium [10′-D] Iodination at 25 ° C. in a solution of 781 mg of N-methyldicyclohexylamine (4 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 8 mL of dry dichloromethane Methyl 1.14 g (8 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) was added dropwise over 1 minute, and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to give N, N-dimethyldicyclohexylammonium iodide as colorless crystals. 36 g (yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 1.16-1.29 (m, 2H, C H ₂ ), 1.44-1.77 (m, 10 H , C H ₂ ), 1.97-2.05 (m, 4H, C H ₂ ), 2.22-2.30 (m, 4H, C H ₂ ), 3.09 (s, 6H, C H ₃ ), 3 .63-3.71 (m, 2H, NC H ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 24.6 ( C H ₂ ), 25.2 ( C H ₂ ), 26.4 ( C H ₂ ), 44.8 ( C _{H 3), 70.6 (N C} H).

Comparative Synthesis Example 5 Synthesis of Pyridine Hydroiodide [10′-E] Pyridine 316 mg (4 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) in 1,4-dioxane 8 mL solution at 25 ° C. in 55% hydroiodic acid aqueous solution 1 mL (Ca. 7.3 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) was added dropwise over 1 minute, and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain 828 mg of colorless crystalline pyridine hydrogen iodide (yield: 100). %). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 7.10 (brs, 1H, NH ), 8.11 (dd, 2H, J = 7.6, 6.4 Hz, Ar H ), 8.65 (t, 1H, J = 7.6 Hz, Ar H ), 8.97 (dd, 2H, J = 6.4, 1.6 Hz, Ar H ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 127.3 ( Ar ), 142.1 ( Ar ), 146.5 ( Ar ).

Comparative Synthesis Example 6 Synthesis of 1-methylimidazole hydrogen iodide [20′-A] To a solution of 1-methylimidazole 324 mg (4 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 1,4-dioxane 8 mL at 25 ° C., 55 A 1% aqueous solution of hydroiodic acid (ca. 7.3 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) was added dropwise over 1 minute, and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 4 hours, whereby 842 mg of 1-methylimidazole hydrogen iodide salt of bright black crystals ( Yield: 100%). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 3.88 (s, 3H, NC H ₃ ), 7.69 (brs, 1H, C H ), 7.72 (brs , 1H, C H ), 9.08 (s, 1H, NC H N).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 35.5 (N C H ₃ ), 119.7 (HN C HCH), 123.1 (CH ₃ N C HCH), 135.8 (N C HN).

Comparative Synthesis Example 7 Synthesis of N, N-dimethyl-N′-octylacetamidine hydrogen iodide [20′-B] 793 mg (4 mmol) of 1,4-dioxane of N, N-dimethyl-N′-octylacetamidine 1 mL (ca. 7.3 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) of 55% aqueous hydroiodic acid was added dropwise to the 8 mL solution over 1 minute at 25 ° C., and the mixture was further stirred at 25 ° C. for 12 hours for reaction. . After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain N, N-dimethyl-N′-octyl as light brown crystals. 1.28 g (yield: 98%) of acetamidine hydrogen iodide was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
^{1 H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 0.88 (t, 3H, J = 7.2Hz, CH 2 C H 3), 1.22-1.39 (m, 10H , C H ₂ C H ₂ C H ₂ C H ₂ C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 1.70 (quin, 2H, J = 7.2 Hz, HNCH ₂ C H ₂ ), 2.39 (s, 3H, CC _{_{H 3), 3.36 (s,}} 3H, NC H 3), 3.46 (s, 3H, NC H 3), 3.48-3.56 (m, 2H, HNC H 2 CH 3), 8 .43 (brs, 1H, NH ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 13.9 (C C H ₃ ), 15.8 (CH ₂ C H ₃ ), 22.4 ( C H ₂ CH ₃ ), _{_{_{26.5 (HNCH 2 CH 2 C H}}} 2), 29.0 (C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3), 30.2 (HNCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H 2), 31.6 (HNCH 2 C H ₂ ), 42.2 ( C H ₂ CH ₂ CH ₃ ), 42.8 (N, ( C H ₃ ) ₂ ), 44.7 (HN C H ₂ ), 163.0 (N = C -N ).

Comparative Synthesis Example 8 Synthesis of 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydrochloride [20′-C] 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine 393 mg (4 mmol) of 1, 1 mL of a 35% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution (ca. 12 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added dropwise to an 8 mL solution of 4-dioxane at 25 ° C. over 1 minute, followed by further stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. I let you. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to give colorless crystals of 1-methyl-1,4,5,6. -541 mg (yield: 100%) of tetrahydropyrimidine hydrochloride was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
^{1 H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 2.12 (quin, 2H, J = 6.0Hz, CH 2 C H 2 CH 2), 3.38 (s, 3H, NC H ₃ ), 3.43-3.53 (m, 4H, C H ₂ CH ₂ C H ₂ ), 8.48 (d, 1H, J = 6.0 Hz, N = C H -N), 10. 6 (brs, 1H, NH ).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 17.9 (CH 2 C H 2 CH 2), 36.1 (N C H 3), 41.5 (HN C H 2) _{_{, 45.1 (CH 3 N C H}} 2), 151.8 (N = C -N).

Comparative Synthesis Example 9 Synthesis of 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydrobromide [20′-D] 1 of 393 mg (4 mmol) of 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine , 4-Dioxane 8 mL solution, 1 mL of 47% hydrobromic acid solution (ca. 8.8 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added dropwise at 25 ° C. over 1 minute, and further at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. The reaction was stirred. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to give 1-methyl-1,4,5 as a pale yellow oil. , 6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydrobromide 721 mg (yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
^{1 H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 2.16 (quin, 2H, J = 6.0Hz, CH 2 C H 2 CH 2), 3.41 (s, 3H, NC _{H 3), 3.47-3.53 (m,} 2H, NHCH 2 CH 2 C H 2 NCH 3), 3.55 (t, 2H, J = 6.0Hz, NHC H 2 CH 2 CH 2 NCH 3 ), 8.42 (d, 1H, J = 6.0 Hz, N = C H -N), 9.80 (brs, 1H, N H ).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 17.8 (CH 2 C H 2 CH 2), 36.1 (N C H 3), 41.7 (HN C H 2) _{_{, 45.3 (CH 3 N C H}} 2), 151.4 (N = C -N).

Comparative Synthesis Example 10 Synthesis of 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine trifluoromethanesulfonate [20′-E] 196 mg (2 mmol) of 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine A solution of 300 mg of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (2 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) in 6 mL of dry dichloromethane was added dropwise to a 4 mL solution of dry dichloromethane over 10 minutes, and the mixture was further stirred at 25 ° C. for 6 hours to react. It was. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 1-methyl-1,4,5,6 as a colorless solid. -491 mg (yield: 99%) of tetrahydropyrimidine trifluoromethanesulfonate was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
^{1 H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO} -d 6, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 1.92 (quin, 2H, J = 6.0Hz, CH 2 C H 2 CH 2), 3.13 (s, 3H _{_{_{, NC H 3), 3.23 (}}} t, 2H, J = 6.0Hz, NHCH 2 CH 2 C H 2 NCH 3), 3.33 (t, 2H, J = 6.0Hz, NHC H 2 CH 2 _{_{CH 2 NCH 3), 3.01-3.53 (}} brs, 1H, N H), 8.11 (s, 1H, N = C H -N).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, DMSO} -d 6, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 18.0 (CH 2 C H 2 CH 2), 36.2 (N C H 3), 41.1 (HN C H _{_{2), 44.9 (CH 3 N}} C H 2), 115.9,119.1,122.3,125.5 (C F 3), 152.1 (N = C -N).

Comparative Synthesis Example 11 Synthesis of 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene hydrochloride [20′-F] 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene 609 mg (4 mmol) 1 ml of a 35% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution (ca.12 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added dropwise to an 8 mL solution of 1,4-dioxane (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) at 25 ° C. over 1 minute. Further, the reaction was carried out by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours, whereby 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4. 757 mg of undecene hydrogen chloride salt (yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 1.68-1.83 (m, 6H, NCH ₂ C H ₂ C H ₂ C H ₂ CH ₂ C), 2.06 ( _{quin, 2H, J = 4.8Hz,} NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NH), 2.96-3.03 (m, 2H, NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H 2 C), 3.43- _{_{_{3.49 (m, 2H, NC H}}} 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH), 3.51-3.59 (m, 4H, C H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 C H 2 NH), 11.2 (brs, 1H , N H ).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 19.5 (NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NH), 24.0 (NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H 2 CH 2 C), _{_{_{26.8 (NCH 2 CH 2 C H}}} 2 CH 2 CH 2 C), 28.9 (NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C), 32.2 (NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H _{_{_{2 C), 37.9 (NCH 2}}} CH 2 C H 2 NH), 48.7 (N C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH), 54.5 (N C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C ), 166.2 (N = C -N ).

Comparative Synthesis Example 12 Synthesis of 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene hydrobromide [20′-G] 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene 609 mg ( 1 mmol of 47% hydrobromic acid aqueous solution (ca.8.8 mmol ;; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) at 25 ° C. for 1 minute in an 8 mL solution of 4 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) After dropwise addition, the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to give 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] as colorless crystals. ] -7-undecene hydrobromide 887 mg (yield: 95%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 1.70-1.84 (m, 6H, NCH ₂ C H ₂ C H ₂ C H ₂ CH ₂ C), 2.09 ( _{quin, 2H, J = 5.6Hz,} NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NH), 2.99-3.06 (m, 2H, NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H 2 C), 3.45- _{_{_{3.50 (m, 2H, NC H}}} 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH), 3.54-3.62 (m, 4H, C H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 C H 2 NH), 10.5 (brs, 1H , N H ).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 19.4 (NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NH), 23.8 (NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H 2 CH 2 C), _{_{_{26.7 (NCH 2 CH 2 C H}}} 2 CH 2 CH 2 C), 28.9 (NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C), 32.3 (NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H _{_{_{2 C), 37.8 (NCH 2}}} CH 2 C H 2 NH), 48.8 (N C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH), 54.6 (N C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C ), 166.1 (N = C -N ).

Comparative Synthesis Example 13 Synthesis of 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene acetate [20′-H] 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene 609 mg (4 mmol; To a 20 mL dry dichloromethane solution (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), 240 μL of acetic acid (4.2 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added dropwise at 25 ° C., and the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. . After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to give 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] as colorless crystals. ] -7-undecene acetate 851 mg (yield: 100%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
^{1 H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 1.67-1.81 (m, 6H, NCH 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 CH 2 C), 1.98 ( _{s, 3H, OCOC H 3)} , 2.04 (quin, 2H, J = 6.0Hz, NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NH), 2.83-2.88 (m, 2H, NCH 2 CH 2 CH _{_{_{2 CH 2 C H 2 C)}}} , 3.43 (t, 2H, J = 5.6Hz, NC H 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH), 3.49-3.56 (m, 4H, C H 2 NCH 2 CH _₂ C H ₂ NH).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 19.0 (NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NH), 23.4,23.5 (NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H 2 CH _{_{_{2 C, OCO C H 3)}}} , 26.3 (NCH 2 CH 2 C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 C), 28.4 (NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C), 31.3 (NCH _{_{_{_{2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C}}}} H 2 C), 37.4 (NCH 2 CH 2 C H 2 NH), 47.9 (N C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH), 53.5 (N C H 2 _{_{_{_{CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2}}}} C), 165.3 (N = C -N), 176.4 (C = O).

Comparative Synthesis Example 14 Synthesis of 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene trifluoromethanesulfonate [20′-I] 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene 305 mg To a dry dichloromethane 4 mL solution of 2 mmol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), a solution of 300 mg of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (2 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 6 mL in 25 mL was added dropwise over 10 minutes. The reaction was further stirred at 25 ° C. for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours, whereby 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4. 0] -7-undecene trifluoromethanesulfonate 559 mg (yield: 92%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
^{1 H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 1.66-1.87 (m, 6H, NCH 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 CH 2 C), 2.06 ( _{quin, 2H, J = 6.0Hz,} NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NH), 2.65-2.81 (m, 2H, NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H 2 C), 3.39 ( _{_{t, 2H, J = 6.0Hz,}} NC H 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH), 3.49-3.70 (m, 4H, C H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 C H 2 NH).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, CDCl} 3, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 19.2 (NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 NH), 23.6 (NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H 2 CH 2 C), _{_{_{26.3 (NCH 2 CH 2 C H}}} 2 CH 2 CH 2 C), 28.7 (NCH 2 C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C), 32.7 (NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C H _{_{_{2 C), 38.2 (NCH 2}}} CH 2 C H 2 NH), 48.5 (N C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH), 54.4 (N C H 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C ), 115.6, 118.8, 122.0, 125.1 ( C F ₃ ), 166.0 (N = C− N).

Comparative Synthesis Example 15 Synthesis of 2- (1-butyl) -1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine 2- (1-butyl) -1,1,3,3 obtained by the same method as in Synthesis Example 18 -To tetramethylguanidine hydrogen iodide salt (1.50 g, 5 mmol), 25 mL of a 40% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and 10 mL of dichloromethane were added, followed by vigorous stirring at 25 ° C for 10 minutes. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution is separated into an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and then the aqueous layer is extracted twice with 10 mL of dichloromethane, and the organic layer when separated is combined with the extracted organic layer. Dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The residue obtained by concentrating the organic layer after drying and distilling off the solvent was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 2- (1-butyl) -1,1,3,3- 853 mg (yield:> 99%) of tetramethylguanidine was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 0.90 (t, 3H, J = 7.2 Hz, C H ₃ ), 1.34 (sext, 2H, J = 7.2 Hz) _{_{, C H 2 CH 3),}} 1.50 (quin, 2H, J = 7.6Hz, NCH 2 C H 2), 2.64 (s, 6H, N (C H 3) 2), 2.74 ( s, 3H, N (C H ₃ ) ₂ ), 3.25 (t, 2H, J = 6.8 Hz, NC H ₂ CH ₂ ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 14.0 ( C H ₃ ), 20.5 ( C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 35.0 (NCH ₂ C H ₂ ), 38 .8 (N C H ₃ ), 39.6 (N C H ₃ ), 49.3 (N C H ₂ CH ₂ ), 159.9 (N = C— N).

Comparative Synthesis Example 16 Synthesis of 1- (1-butyl) -1,2,2,3,3-pentamethylguanidine iodide salt [30′-A] 2- (1-butyl) obtained in Comparative Synthesis Example 15 ) After adding 284 mg (2 mmol; manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) of methyl iodide at 25 ° C. to a solution of 171 mg (1 mmol) of 853 mg of 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine in 2 mL of dry dichloromethane, The reaction was further stirred at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, diethyl ether was added to the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent to precipitate crystals. Then, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent again was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 1- (1-butyl) -1,2,2,3,3-pentamethylguanidine as pale yellow crystals. 314 mg (yield: 100%) of iodide salt was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 0.95 (t, 3H, J = 7.2 Hz, C H ₃ ), 1.27-1.43 (m, 2H, C _{_{_{H 2 CH 3), 1.51-1.74 (}}} m, 2H, NCH 2 C H 2), 3.06 (s, 6H, NC H 3), 3.10 (brs, 6H, NC H 3) _{, 3.15 (brs, 3H, NC} H 3), 3.21-3.29 (m, 2H, NC H 2 CH 2).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 13.6 ( C H ₃ ), 19.8 ( C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 29.5 (NCH ₂ C H ₂ ), 39 0.0 (N C H ₃ ), 40.8 (N C H ₃ ), 41.1 (N C H ₃ ), 41.5 (N C H ₃ ), 52.6 (N C H ₂ CH ₂ ) , 163.2 (N = C− N).

Comparative Synthesis Example 17 Synthesis of 1- (1-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine 1- (1-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine obtained in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 16 Iodination To 1.43 g (5 mmol) of a hydrogen salt, 5 mL of 40% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and 10 mL of dichloromethane were added at 25 ° C., and the mixture was vigorously stirred for 10 minutes at 25 ° C. for reaction. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution is separated into an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and then the aqueous layer is extracted twice with 10 mL of dichloromethane, and the organic layer when separated is combined with the extracted organic layer. Dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The residue obtained by concentrating the organic layer after drying and distilling off the solvent was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 1- (1-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine as a colorless liquid. 782 mg (yield:> 99%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 0.93 (t, 3H, J = 7.2 Hz, C H ₃ ), 1.36 (sext, 2H, J = 7.2 Hz) _{_{, C H 2 CH 3),}} 1.50 (quin, 2H, J = 7.6Hz, NCH 2 C H 2), 2.68 (s, 6H, N (C H 3) 2), 2.83 ( _{s, 3H, NC H 3)} , 3.05 (t, 2H, J = 7.2Hz, NC H 2 CH 2), 7.30 (s, 1H, N H).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 13.7 ( C H ₃ ), 20.0 ( C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 33.5 (NCH ₂ C H ₂ ), 39 .4 (N C H ₃ ), 45.0 (N C H ₂ CH ₂ ), 159.6 (N = C 2 -N).

Comparative Synthesis Example 18 Synthesis of 1- (1-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydrochloride [30′-B] 1- (1-butyl) -2,3 obtained in Comparative Synthesis Example 17 , 3-Trimethylguanidine (782 mg), 315 mg (2 mmol) of 1,4-dioxane (4 mL) at 25 ° C., 1% of 35% aqueous hydrochloric acid (ca.12 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) for 10 minutes After dropwise addition, the mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent was washed with diethyl ether, and the residue was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours to give 1- (1-butyl) -2 as a colorless oil. 389 mg (yield: 100%) of 3,3-trimethylguanidine hydrochloride was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 0.92 (t, 3H, J = 7.2 Hz, C H ₃ ), 1.36 (sext, 2H, J = 7.2 Hz) _{_{, C H 2 CH 3),}} 1.68 (quin, 2H, J = 7.6Hz, NCH 2 C H 2), 3.00 (d, 3H, J = 4.4Hz, NHC H 3), 3. _{_{07 (s, 6H, N (}} C H 3) 2), 3.24-3.32 (m, 2H, NC H 2 CH 2), 7.87 (brs, 1H, N H), 8.17 ( brs, 1H, NH )).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 13.5 ( C H ₃ ), 19.8 ( C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 31.0 (N C H ₃ ), 31. _{_{7 (NCH 2 C H 2)}} , 39.9 (N (C H 3) 2), 44.4 (N C H 2 CH 2), 159.8 (N = C -N).

Comparative Synthesis Example 19 Synthesis of 1- (1-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine trifluoromethanesulfonate [30′-C] 1- (1-butyl) -2 obtained in Comparative Synthesis Example 17 , 3,3-Trimethylguanidine (782 mg) 315 mg (2 mmol) in dry diethyl ether (4 mL) was added dropwise at 0 ° C. with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (300 mg, 2 mmol; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) over 10 minutes. The mixture was further reacted by stirring at 25 ° C. for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution is separated into an ionic liquid layer and an organic layer (diethyl ether layer), then the ionic liquid layer is washed with diethyl ether, and the washed ionic liquid layer is vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 12 hours. As a result, 598 mg (yield: 97%) of 1- (1-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine trifluoromethanesulfonate as a colorless oil was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 0.92 (t, 3H, J = 7.2 Hz, C H ₃ ), 1.35 (sext, 2H, J = 7.2 Hz) _{_{, C H 2 CH 3),}} 1.61 (quin, 2H, J = 7.2Hz, NCH 2 C H 2), 2.95 (d, 3H, J = 4.4Hz, NHC H 3), 3. _{_{00 (s, 6H, N (}} C H 3) 2), 3.22 (q, 2H, J = 6.8Hz, NC H 2 CH 2), 6.48 (brs, 1H, N H), 6. 74 (brs, 1H, NH ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 13.5 ( C H ₃ ), 19.7 ( C H ₂ CH ₃ ), 30.8 (N C H ₃ ), 31. _{_{5 (NCH 2 C H 2)}} , 39.2 (N (C H 3) 2), 44.4 (N C H 2 CH 2), 118.8 (C F 3), 121.9 (C F 3 ), 160.0 (N = C− N).

Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 Synthesis of cyclic carbonates using various monoamine catalysts Phenyl chloride was added to a solution (or suspension) of 0.05 mmol of various monoamine catalysts in an organic solvent at 25 ° C. After adding 150 mg (1 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) of glycidyl ether, the reaction system was sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas to form a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0.1 MPa). The reaction was stirred for 24 hours at ° C. Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, and the reaction solution was analyzed with reference to tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yield of the produced (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was calculated. did. As a result of the analysis, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and the materials other than the produced carbonate were unreacted raw materials. These results are shown in Table 1. In the table, [1′-A] in the monoamine catalyst represents isopropylamine hydrogen iodide, [1′-B] represents t-butylamine hydrogen iodide, and [1′-C] represents cyclohexylamine. Represents hydrogen iodide, [1′-D] represents dicyclohexylamine hydrogen iodide, [10′-A] represents aniline hydrogen iodide, and [10′-B] represents dicyclohexylamine hydrochloride. [10′-C] represents dicyclohexylamine hydrobromide, [10′-D] represents N, N-dimethyldicyclohexylammonium iodide, and TBAI represents tetra n-butylammonium iodide. In the table, NMP in the organic solvent represents 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone), DMAc represents N, N-dimethylacetamide, and DMF represents N, N-dimethylformamide. In the above-mentioned examples, n- represents a normal-form and t- represents a tert-form.

As is apparent from the results in Table 1, when the reaction was carried out using various monoamine salts (monoamine catalysts), among the monoamine catalysts [1′-A] to [1′-D], dicyclohexylamine bromoiodide was used. When the hydrogen salt [1′-D] was used, (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was obtained with the highest yield with almost no by-products (Example 4). This is because the yield decreases as the bulkiness of the alkyl group decreases (Examples 1 to 4), so that the bulky dicyclohexyl group suppresses side reactions and increases the ability to desorb iodine ions. This is expected. On the other hand, when aniline boroiodide [10′-A] was used, the reaction did not proceed at all (Comparative Example 1). Although aniline is one of the bulky amines, the reaction did not proceed at all because the basicity of the amine (aniline pKa = 4.6) is expected to affect the reaction. Is done. That is, it is considered that the reaction does not proceed with an amine hydroiodide having almost no basicity as an amine. In addition, when dicyclohexylamine hydrobromide [10′-B] and dicyclohexylamine hydrobromide [10′-C] were used, the reaction hardly proceeded (Comparative Examples 2 and 3). Although the bulky dicyclohexylamine was used, the fact that the reaction hardly proceeded is presumably due to the fact that the counter anion of the monoamine catalyst was not an iodine anion. Thus, in the carbonate reaction under normal temperature and normal pressure conditions, iodine anion has a great effect among various anion species, and it is important that the counter anion of the monoamine catalyst is iodine anion. It turns out that there is. Furthermore, when using ほとんど N, N-dimethyldicyclohexylammonium iodide [10′-D] and ｎtetra-n-butylammonium iodide having no proton source, the reaction hardly proceeded (Comparative Example 4 and 5). Thus, it was found that in order to obtain a cyclic carbonate with good yield under normal temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions, the monoamine catalyst needs at least one proton source. Furthermore, the reaction hardly proceeded with ammonium iodide having no substituent (Comparative Example 6). Thus, it was found that moderate basicity and bulky amine hydrogen iodide salts are effective catalysts for producing cyclic carbonates under mild conditions such as normal temperature and normal pressure.

Examples 7 to 10 and Comparative Examples 7 to 11 Synthesis of cyclic carbonates using various amidine catalysts or aromatic heterocyclic amine catalysts Various amidine catalysts or aromatic heterocyclic amine catalysts 0.05 mmol of organic solvent 0.2 mL After adding 150 mg (1 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) of phenylglycidyl ether at 25 ° C. to the solution (or suspension), the reaction system is sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas, and carbon dioxide gas The reaction was carried out under an atmosphere (0.1 MPa) by stirring at 25 ° C. for 24 hours under the same atmosphere. Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, and the reaction solution was analyzed with reference to tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yield of the produced (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was calculated. did. As a result of the analysis, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and the materials other than the produced carbonate were unreacted raw materials. These results are shown in Table 2. In the table, [2′-A] in the amidine catalyst or aromatic heterocyclic amine catalyst represents 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydrogen iodide, and [2′-B] represents 1,2-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine represents a hydrogen iodide salt, [2′-C] represents 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5-nonene hydrogen iodide salt [2′-D] represents 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene hydrogen iodide, [10′-E] represents pyridine hydrogen iodide, [20 '-A] represents 1-methylimidazole hydrogen iodide salt, and [20'-B] represents N, N-dimethyl-N'-octylacetamidine hydrogen iodide salt. In the table, MTHF in the organic solvent represents 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, NMP represents 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone), and THF represents tetrahydrofuran.

As is apparent from the results in Table 2, when the reaction was carried out using various amidines or hydrogen iodide salts of aromatic heterocyclic amines (amidine catalyst or aromatic heterocyclic amine catalyst), When the amidine catalyst was used, (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was obtained in a higher yield (Examples 7 to 10) than when the monoamine catalyst having no limit structure was used (Examples 1 to 6). ). In particular, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5-nonene hydroiodide [2′-C] or 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene iodide [2 When '-D] was used, it reacted quantitatively under normal temperature and normal pressure conditions (Examples 9 and 10). On the other hand, when the pyridine hydroiodide salt which is an aromatic heterocyclic amine salt or the 1-methylimidazole hydroiodide salt which is an aromatic heterocyclic amidine salt was used, the reaction hardly proceeded (Comparative Example). 7 and 8). This is because, as described in Comparative Example 1, the basicity of the amine affects the reaction, and the amine with poor basicity (pKa = 5.2 for pyridine, pKa = 7.4 for 1-methylimidazole) It seems that there is almost no catalytic ability. In addition, when N, N-dimethyl-N'-octylacetamidine monoiodide salt, which is a chain amidine, is used, the reaction cannot proceed in a high yield under normal temperature and pressure conditions. (Comparative Example 9). Thus, it has been found that it is important that the amidine catalyst has a cyclic structure in order to obtain a cyclic carbonate with good yield under normal temperature and normal pressure conditions. Furthermore, when only hydrogen iodide was used or when only iodine was used, it was confirmed that the reaction did not proceed at all (Comparative Examples 10 and 11). Thus, in the carbonate reaction under normal temperature and normal pressure conditions, it is necessary to use an amine having a pKa of 8 or more, and it is particularly desirable to use an amine having a pKa of 10 or more. Among those satisfying the conditions, it has been clarified that a hydrogen iodide salt having a cyclic amidine structure is very effective.

Examples 11 to 14 and Comparative Examples 12 to 21 Anion effect of cyclic amidine catalyst in carbonate reaction Phenylglycidyl in 25 mL of an organic solvent 0.2 mL (or suspension) of various cyclic amidine catalysts at 25 ° C. After adding 150 mg of ether (1 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), the reaction system was sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas to form a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0.1 MPa). And reacted for 24 hours. Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, and the reaction solution was analyzed with reference to tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yield of the produced (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was calculated. did. As a result of the analysis, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and the materials other than the produced carbonate were unreacted raw materials. These results are shown in Table 3. In the table, [2′-A] in the cyclic amidine catalyst represents 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydrogen iodide, and [2′-D] represents 1,8-diazabicyclo [ 5.4.0] -7-undecene hydrogen iodide salt, [20′-C] represents 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydrogen chloride salt, and [20′-D] Represents 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydrobromide, and [20′-E] represents 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine trifluoromethanesulfonate. , [20'-F] represents 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene hydrochloride, and [20'-G] represents 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]- 7-undecene hydrogenbromide salt, [20′-H] is 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-unde It represents emissions acetate, representing a [20'-I] is 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene trifluoromethanesulphonate. In the table, NMP in the organic solvent represents 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone), and MTHF represents 2-methyltetrahydrofuran.

In Table 2, the typical cyclic amidine 1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine hydroiodide [2′-A] and the highest yield of 1,8- For diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene boroiodide [2'-D], derivatives having different anion sites were synthesized, and the influence of the anion sites on the carbonate reaction was investigated. As is clear from the results in Table 3, the reactivity of the cyclic amidine catalyst in which the anion site is changed from the iodine anion to the chlorine anion, bromine anion, trifluoromethanesulfonate anion (triflate anion) or acetate anion is significantly reduced. When any of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone) was used, the target cyclic carbonate was hardly obtained (Comparative Examples 12 to 21). Thus, it has been clarified that iodine anion has a great effect in the carbonate reaction under normal temperature and normal pressure conditions among a wide variety of anion species.

Examples 15 to 27 Solvent Effect of Cyclic Amidine Catalyst in Carbonate Reaction A 0.2 mL organic solvent solution (or suspension) of 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene hydrogen iodide in the amount shown in Table 4 After adding 150 mg of phenylglycidyl ether (1 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) to the suspension at 25 ° C., the reaction system was sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas, and a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0 1 MPa) and the reaction was carried out by stirring at 25 ° C. for 24 hours under the same atmosphere. Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, and the reaction solution was analyzed with reference to tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yield of the produced (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was calculated. did. As a result of the analysis, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and the materials other than the produced carbonate were unreacted raw materials. These results are shown in Table 4. In the table, MTHF in the organic solvent represents 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, NMP represents 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone), THF represents tetrahydrofuran, and CPME represents cyclopentylmethyl ether.

As is apparent from the results in Table 4, for example, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, ether solvents such as cyclopentylmethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, and ketone solvents such as 2-propanone (acetone). Ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, amide solvents such as N, N-dimethylformamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone), such as isopropanol, t-butanol, 2-methoxyethanol, etc. It was found that even when the reaction was carried out in various organic solvents such as alcohol solvents, the reaction proceeded with good yield. In particular, it was found that the reaction proceeds quantitatively with an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, an ether solvent, a ketone solvent, and an ester solvent.

Examples 28 to 36 Carbonate reaction of various epoxides (oxiranes) using amidine catalyst [2′-D] 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene 14.0 mg (0 .05 mmol) in an organic solvent 0.2 mL solution (or suspension) at 25 ° C., various epoxides (oxiranes) shown in Table 5 were added, and then the reaction system was charged with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas. The mixture was sealed to a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0.1 MPa), and the reaction was carried out by stirring at 25 ° C. for 24 hours in the same atmosphere. Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, the reaction solution was analyzed based on tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yields of various carbonates produced were calculated. As a result of the analysis, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and the materials other than the produced carbonate were unreacted raw materials. These results are shown in Table 5. In the table, [4-A] in epoxide (oxirane) represents phenyl glycidyl ether, [4-B] represents n-butyl glycidyl ether, [4-C] represents glycidyl methacrylate, [4- D] represents styrene oxide, and [5-A] represents 2,2-bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) propane {bisphenol A diglycidyl ether}. In the table, THF in the organic solvent represents tetrahydrofuran, NMP represents 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone), and MTHF represents 2-methyltetrahydrofuran. In the above-described embodiments, n- represents a normal-body.

In Table 2, reactivity to various epoxides was examined using 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene borohydride [2′-D] having the highest yield in Table 2. As is apparent from the results in Table 5, the corresponding carbonate was obtained in good yield in either the monoepoxide or bisepoxide. In Example 30, the reaction was carried out in tetrahydrofuran, but cyclic carbonate [7-A] (2,2-propylenebis [(p-phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate] obtained from epoxide [5-A] { Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether biscarbonate}) precipitated during the reaction and could not be stirred. For this reason, in Example 31, when examined using 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone) as a highly polar solvent, carbonate [7-A] was not precipitated, but the reactivity decreased. . This problem is solved by mixing 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone) with a low-polarity solvent, and the yield is improved without precipitating carbonate [7-A] during the reaction. (Examples 32 and 33). The bulk reaction is more reactive than the reaction in tetrahydrofuran (Example 34). In particular, the reaction using epoxide [4-C] is quantitatively performed without generating a by-product. The reaction proceeded (Example 35). From these results, it was found that cyclic carbonates can be produced from various epoxides (oxiranes) by changing the organic solvent or using different conditions such as a mixed solvent system and a bulk system.

Example 37 Isolation and synthesis of (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate under normal temperature and normal pressure conditions using amidine catalyst [2′-D] Phenylglycidyl ether 3.00 g (20 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) To a mixed solution of tetrahydrofuran 3.6 mL / 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone) 0.4 mL at 25 ° C., 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene hydrogen iodide 280 mg After adding (1 mmol), the reaction system was sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas to form a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0.1 MPa), and the reaction was stirred at 25 ° C. for 48 hours in the same atmosphere. After completion of the reaction, 3 mL of N, N-dimethylformamide was added to the reaction solution, and then the reaction solution was poured into 80 mL of water to precipitate crystals. The precipitated crystals were collected by filtration, and then the collected crystals were washed with water, and the crystals were vacuum-dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours to obtain 3.76 g of colorless crystals of (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate (yield: 96.9%). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below. The conversion rate of phenylglycidyl ether when reacted for 24 hours was 86%.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 4.20 (dd, 1H, J = 11.2, 4.8 Hz, PhOC H ₂ ), 4.28 (dd, 1H , J = 11.2, 2.4 Hz, PhOC H ₂ ), 4.39 (dd, 1 H, J = 8.4, 6.4 Hz, OCCH H ₂ O), 4.64 (dd, 1 H, J = 8.4, 8.4 Hz, OCCH H ₂ O), 5.12-5.19 (m, 1H, OC H CH ₂ O), 6.94-7.03 (m, 3H, Ar H ), 7 .28-7.35 (m, 2H, Ar H ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 66.0 (OCH C H ₂ O), 67.4 (O C HCH ₂ O), 74.8 (PhO C H ₂ ), 114.6 ( Ar ), 121.2 ( Ar ), 129.6 ( Ar ), 154.9 ( Ar ), 157.9 ( C = O).

This example has a reaction scale 20 times that of Example 17 in Table 4, but the reactivity is hardly reduced. When 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene boroiodide, which is a metal-free (metal-free) and inexpensive catalyst, was used, the target carbonate was quantitatively obtained. The carbonate reaction was proved to be a practical reaction.

Example 38 Isolation and synthesis of (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methyl methacrylate using an amidine catalyst [2′-D] under normal temperature and atmospheric pressure 2.84 g (20 mmol) of glycidyl methacrylate And 280 mg (1 mmol) of 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene hydrogen iodide at 25 ° C. in a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas. Was sealed in a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0.1 MPa), and the reaction was stirred at 25 ° C. for 48 hours in the same atmosphere. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution is separated with 20 mL of methyl t-butyl ether and 10 mL of water, and the aqueous layer is extracted twice with 10 mL of methyl t-butyl ether. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The residue obtained by concentrating the organic layer after drying and distilling off the solvent was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 6 hours to give (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl as a pale yellow oily substance. ) 3.63 g (yield: 97.6%) of methyl methacrylate was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below. The conversion rate of glycidyl methacrylate when reacted for 24 hours was 78.4%. Moreover, in the above-mentioned Example, t- represents a tert-isomer.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 1.96 (t, 3H, J = 1.6 Hz, C H ₃ ), 4.34 (dd, 1H, J = 12.4 , 4.0 Hz, OCCH H ₂ O), 4.36 (dd, 1 H, J = 8.8, 5.2 Hz, CO ₂ C H ₂ ), 4.39 (dd, 1 H, J = 8.4). _{3.2Hz, OCHC H 2 O),} 4.64 (dd, 1H, J = 8.8,8.8Hz, CO 2 C H 2), 4.98-5.04 (m, 1H, OC H CH ₂ O), 5.67 (quin, 1H, J = 1.6 Hz, C = C H H), 6.15-6.17 (m, 1H, C = CH H ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl ₃ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 18.1 ( C H ₃ ), 63.4 (OCH C H ₂ O), 66.0 (O C HCH ₂ O), 73 _{_{.8 (CO 2 C H 2)}} , 127.2 (C = C H 2), 135.0 (C = CH 2), 154.5 (C O 3), 166.6 (C O 2).

This example has a reaction scale 20 times that of Example 35 in Table 5, but the reactivity is hardly reduced. Since the reaction proceeded quantitatively, the product could be isolated only by a liquid separation operation without performing a purification operation. Since the reaction proceeded under mild conditions such as 25 ° C. and 1 atm, even a highly polymerizable epoxide (oxirane) such as glycidyl methacrylate did not produce a polymer by-product, and only carbonate could be obtained. In addition, since there is no Michael addition to the double bond of glycidyl methacrylate with an amidine salt, ring-opening addition to the oxirane ring, or decomposition of the ester group, this carbonate reaction is a chemoselective carbon dioxide insertion reaction. I found it excellent.

Examples 39 to 43, and Comparative Examples 22 to 25 Synthesis of cyclic carbonates using various guanidine catalysts Phenyl phenyl in 25 mL of an organic solvent (or suspension) containing 0.05 mmol of various guanidine catalysts at 25 ° C. After adding 150 mg (1 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) of glycidyl ether, the reaction system was sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas to form a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0.1 MPa). The reaction was stirred for 24 hours at ° C. Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, and the reaction solution was analyzed with reference to tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yield of the produced (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was calculated. did. As a result of the analysis, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and the materials other than the produced carbonate were unreacted raw materials. These results are shown in Table 6. In the table, [3′-A] in the guanidine catalyst represents 1- (1-butyl) guanidine hydrogen iodide, and [3′-B] represents 1- (1-butyl) -3-methylguanidine iodine. [3'-C] represents 1- (1-butyl) -2,3-dimethylguanidine hydrogen iodide, and [3'-D] represents 1- (1-butyl) -2. , 3,3-trimethylguanidine hydrogen iodide, [3′-E] represents 2- (1-butyl) -1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine hydrogen iodide, [30 ′ -A] represents 1- (1-butyl) -1,2,2,3,3-pentamethylguanidine iodide salt, and TBAI represents tetra-n-butylammonium iodide. In the table, NMP in the organic solvent represents 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone), and MTHF represents 2-methyltetrahydrofuran. In the above-described embodiments, n- represents a normal-body.

As is apparent from the results in Table 6, the reaction was carried out using various guanidine hydrogen iodide salts (guanidine catalysts). As a result, the proton sources of the guanidine catalysts [3′-A] to [3′-E] Regardless of the number, carbonates were obtained in good yield (Examples 39 to 43). Although not shown in Table 6, in the methods of Examples 40 and 41, when the amount of guanidine catalyst used was changed to 10 mol%, (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was obtained in a yield of 92% in both Examples. Obtained. On the other hand, it was found that the guanidine catalyst [30′-A] having no proton source hardly reacted (Comparative Example 22). That is, it has been found that at least one proton source is required for the guanidine catalyst in order to obtain a carbonate with high yield under normal temperature and normal pressure conditions. This is also clear from the fact that the reaction hardly proceeded when tetran-butylammonium iodide having no proton source was used as in the guanidine catalyst [30′-A] (Comparative Example 23). Even when lithium bromide, which is the most commonly used metal salt (metal catalyst), was used, the carbonate reaction hardly proceeded under normal temperature and normal pressure conditions (Comparative Examples 24 and 25). Thus, it was found that guanidine hydrogen iodide salt having at least one proton source is an effective catalyst for producing a cyclic carbonate under mild conditions such as normal temperature and normal pressure.

Examples 44 to 50 Solvent effect of guanidine catalyst in carbonate reaction 150 mg (1 mmol) of phenylglycidyl ether in 25 mL of organic solvent (or suspension) of 0.05 mmol of various guanidine catalysts at 25 ° C. After that, the reaction system was sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas to make a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0.1 MPa), and the reaction was stirred at 25 ° C. for 24 hours in the same atmosphere. . Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, and the reaction solution was analyzed with reference to tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yield of the produced (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was calculated. did. As a result of the analysis, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and the materials other than the produced carbonate were unreacted raw materials. These results are shown in Table 7. In the table, [3′-A] in the guanidine catalyst represents 1- (1-butyl) guanidine hydrogen iodide, and [3′-D] represents 1- (1-butyl) -2,3,3. -Represents trimethylguanidine hydrogen iodide. In the table, DMI in an organic solvent represents 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (dimethylethyleneurea), DMAc represents N, N-dimethylacetamide, and DMF represents N, N-dimethylformamide. , MTBE represents methyl t-butyl ether. In the above examples, t- represents a tert-isomer.

As is apparent from the results in Table 7, for example, amide solvents such as 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (dimethylethyleneurea), N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, such as isopropanol It can be seen that the reaction proceeds in a good yield even when the reaction is carried out in various organic solvents such as an ether solvent such as methyl t-butyl ether, an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent such as toluene. It was.

Examples 51 and 52, and Comparative Examples 26 to 28 Anion effect of guanidine catalyst in carbonate reaction 150 mg of phenylglycidyl ether in 25 mL of organic solvent 0.2 mL (or suspension) of various guanidine catalysts at 25 ° C. (1 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and the reaction system was sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas to form a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0.1 MPa). The reaction was stirred for an hour. Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, and the reaction solution was analyzed with reference to tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yield of the produced (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was calculated. did. As a result of the analysis, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and the materials other than the produced carbonate were unreacted raw materials. These results are shown in Table 8. In the table, [3′-D] in the guanidine catalyst represents 1- (1-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydrogen iodide, and [30′-B] represents 1- (1- Butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydrochloride, and [30′-C] represents 1- (1-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine trifluoromethanesulfonate. In the table, MTHF in the organic solvent represents 2-methyltetrahydrofuran.

In Table 6, the highest yield of 1- (1-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydroiodide [3′-D] was synthesized with derivatives having different anion sites and carbonate reactions at the anion sites. The impact on As is clear from the results in Table 8, the guanidine catalyst in which the anion site was changed from the iodine anion to the chlorine anion significantly decreased the reactivity (Comparative Examples 26 and 28), and the guanidine replaced with the trifluoromethanesulfonate anion (triflate anion). The reaction did not proceed at all with the catalyst (Comparative Example 27). Similar results were obtained in any solvent system of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and 2-propanone (acetone). This is thought to be due to the large ability of the anion to dissipate a negative charge with a large atomic radius to promote the carbon dioxide insertion reaction with epoxide (oxirane). Thus, it has been clarified that iodine anion has a great effect in the carbonate reaction under normal temperature and normal pressure conditions among a wide variety of anion species.

Examples 53 to 61 Substituent effect of guanidine catalyst in carbonate reaction 150 mg (1 mmol; Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) phenyl glycidyl ether in 25 mL of organic solvent 0.2 mL (or suspension) of various guanidine catalysts Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was added, and the reaction system was sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas to create a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0.1 MPa), and the reaction was stirred at 25 ° C. for 24 hours in the same atmosphere. It was. Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, and the reaction solution was analyzed with reference to tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yield of the produced (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was calculated. did. As a result of the analysis, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and the materials other than the produced carbonate were unreacted raw materials. These results are shown in Table 9. In the table, [3′-F] in the guanidine catalyst represents 1- (1-octyl) guanidine hydrogen iodide, [3′-G] represents 1,1-dicyclohexylguanidine hydrogen iodide, [3′-H] represents 1-benzylguanidine hydrogen iodide, [3′-I] represents 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) guanidine hydrogen iodide, and [3′-J] represents 1- (2-methoxyethyl) guanidine represents hydrogen iodide, [3′-K] represents 1- (N, N-dimethylaminoethyl) guanidine hydrogen iodide, and [3′-L] represents 1-benzyl. -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydrogen iodide, [3'-M] represents 1- (N, N-dimethylaminoethyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydrogen iodide, [3′-N] is 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-eneio. Represents a hydride salt. In the table, NMP in the organic solvent represents 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone), and MTHF represents 2-methyltetrahydrofuran.

As is apparent from the results in Table 9, first, a reaction was carried out using a guanidine hydrogen iodide salt (guanidine catalyst) having four or more proton sources. 1- (1-butyl) guanidine 水素 iodide salt was obtained. Even when a guanidine catalyst [3′-F] having an alkyl chain longer than [3′-A] or a guanidine catalyst [3′-G] having a very bulky dicyclohexyl group is used, the reaction proceeds in a high yield. (Examples 53 and 54). Furthermore, the reaction proceeds even when guanidine catalysts [3′-I] to [3′-K] containing other functional groups such as hydroxyl groups are used, and in particular, guanidine catalysts [3′-J] and [3 ′ -K] showed higher reactivity than the guanidine catalyst [3′-A] (Examples 56 to 58). Next, the reaction was carried out using guanidine hydroiodide (guanidine catalyst) having two proton sources. As a result, 1- (1-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine iodide [3 ′ It was found that the reaction proceeded quantitatively in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran when a guanidine catalyst [3′-L] having a benzyl group was used. The guanidine catalyst used in this example can be easily synthesized from guanidine catalysts [3′-A] and [3′-D]. From these results, the present guanidine catalyst has a great feature that various derivatives can be easily synthesized from many amines. For example, the guanidine catalyst can be applied to a reuse reaction by supporting on a support or polymerizing. I can expect.

Examples 62 to 68 Carbonate reaction of various epoxides (oxiranes) using guanidine catalyst [3′-A] 1- (1-butyl) guanidine hydroiodide 12.0 mg (0.05 mmol) of organic solvent After adding various amounts of epoxides (oxiranes) shown in Table 10 to a 2 mL solution (or suspension) at 25 ° C., the reaction system is sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas, (0.1 MPa), and the reaction was performed by stirring at 25 ° C. or 45 ° C. for 24 hours under the same atmosphere. Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, the reaction solution was analyzed based on tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yields of various carbonates produced were calculated. As a result of the analysis, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and the materials other than the produced carbonate were unreacted raw materials. These results are shown in Table 10. In the table, [4-A] in epoxide (oxirane) represents phenyl glycidyl ether, [4-B] represents n-butyl glycidyl ether, [4-C] represents glycidyl methacrylate, [5- A] represents 2,2-bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) propane {bisphenol A diglycidyl ether}, and [5-B] represents 1,4-bis (glycidyloxy) butane {1,4-butylene glycol di- Glycidyl ether}. In the table, NMP in the organic solvent represents 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone). In the above-described embodiments, n- represents a normal-body.

1- (1-Butyl) guanidine hydroiodide [3′-A] was used as a catalyst to study reactivity with various epoxides. As is clear from the results in Table 10, the corresponding cyclic carbonate was obtained in good yield in either the monoepoxide or bisepoxide. In particular, the reaction with methoxide-containing epoxides (oxiranes) is expected to undergo various side reactions such as Michael addition to double bonds with amine salts, ring-opening addition to oxirane rings, and decomposition of ester groups. Although the catalyst [3′-A] has a large amount of active hydrogen, only (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methyl methacrylate [6-C] is selectively produced in a high yield. Obtained (Example 64). This is presumably because the guanidinium cation of the guanidine catalyst [3′-A] has three extreme structures and is extremely stabilized. Moreover, although cyclic carbonate was obtained with good yield at normal temperature (25 ° C.), cyclic carbonate was quantitatively obtained under normal pressure only by raising the reaction temperature to 45 ° C. (Examples 67 and 68). From these results, it was found that the guanidine catalyst [3′-A] can be applied to various epoxides (oxiranes).

Examples 69 to 76 Carbonate reaction of various epoxides (oxiranes) using a guanidine catalyst [3′-D] 1- (1-butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine 14.0 mg (0 .05 mmol) in an organic solvent 0.2 mL solution (or suspension) at 25 ° C., various amounts of epoxides (oxiranes) shown in Table 11 were added, and then the reaction system was charged with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas. The mixture was sealed and brought to a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0.1 MPa). Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, and the reaction solution was analyzed based on tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yield of the produced carbonate was calculated. As a result of the analysis, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and other than the various carbonates produced were unreacted raw materials. These results are shown in Table 11. In the table, [4-A] in epoxide (oxirane) represents phenyl glycidyl ether, [4-B] represents n-butyl glycidyl ether, [4-C] represents glycidyl methacrylate, [5- A] represents 2,2-bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) propane {bisphenol A diglycidyl ether}, and [5-B] represents 1,4-bis (glycidyloxy) butane {1,4-butylene glycol di- Glycidyl ether}. In the table, MTHF in the organic solvent represents 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, MTBE represents methyl t-butyl ether, and NMP represents 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone). In the above-mentioned examples, n- represents a normal-form and t- represents a tert-form.

1- (1-Butyl) -2,3,3-trimethylguanidine hydroiodide [3′-D] was used as a catalyst to study reactivity with various epoxides. As is clear from the results in Table 11, the corresponding cyclic carbonates were obtained in good yields in both the monoepoxide and bisepoxide forms as in the guanidine catalyst [3′-A]. Further, although carbonate can be obtained with good yield even at room temperature (25 ° C.), cyclic carbonate was quantitatively obtained under normal pressure only by raising the reaction temperature to 45 ° C. (Examples 74 and 75). Furthermore, the reaction of the guanidine catalyst [3′-D] proceeded even without a solvent, and the reactivity increased rather than reacting in an organic solvent (Example 76). From these results, it was found that the guanidine catalyst [3′-D] can be applied to various epoxides (oxiranes).

Examples 77 and 78 Carbonate reaction of various epoxides (oxiranes) using guanidine catalyst [3'-O] Guanidine hydrogen iodide [3'-O] 9.3 mg (0.05 mmol) of organic solvent 0.2 mL After adding various epoxides (oxiranes) in the amounts shown in Table 12 to the solution (or suspension) at 25 ° C., the reaction system was sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas, and a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere ( 0.1 MPa) and the reaction was carried out by stirring at 45 ° C. for 24 hours under the same atmosphere. Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, the reaction solution was analyzed based on tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yields of various carbonates produced were calculated. As a result of the analysis, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and the materials other than the produced carbonate were unreacted raw materials. These results are shown in Table 12. In the table, [4-A] in the epoxide (oxirane) represents phenyl glycidyl ether, and [5-A] represents 2,2-bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) propane {bisphenol A diglycidyl ether}. . In the table, NMP in the organic solvent represents 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone).

Reactivity to various epoxides was examined using guanidine borohydride [3′-O] as a catalyst. As is clear from the results in Table 12, both monoepoxide and bisepoxide forms can be handled by performing the reaction at 45 ° C., similarly to the guanidine catalysts [3′-A] and [3′-D]. The cyclic carbonate was quantitatively obtained. From these results, it was found that the guanidine catalyst [3′-O] can also be applied to various epoxides (oxiranes).

Example 79 Isolation and synthesis of (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate under normal temperature and normal pressure conditions using a guanidine catalyst [3'-O] 6.01 g (40 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) of phenyl glycidyl ether To a 4 mL solution of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone) was added 374 mg (2 mmol) of guanidine hydrogen iodide salt at 25 ° C., and the reaction system was sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas. Under a carbon gas atmosphere (0.1 MPa), the reaction was carried out by stirring at 45 ° C. for 48 hours in the same atmosphere. After completion of the reaction, 5 mL of 2-propanone (acetone) was added to the reaction solution, and then the reaction solution was poured into 80 mL of water to precipitate crystals. The precipitated crystals were collected by filtration, and then the collected crystals were washed with water, and then the crystals were vacuum-dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours to obtain 7.75 g of colorless crystals of (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate (yield: 99.7%). The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below. The conversion rate of phenylglycidyl ether when reacted for 24 hours was 65%.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 4.20 (dd, 1H, J = 11.2, 4.8 Hz, PhOC H ₂ ), 4.28 (dd, 1H , J = 11.2, 2.4 Hz, PhOC H ₂ ), 4.39 (dd, 1 H, J = 8.4, 6.4 Hz, OCCH H ₂ O), 4.64 (dd, 1 H, J = 8.4, 8.4 Hz, OCCH H ₂ O), 5.12-5.19 (m, 1H, OC H CH ₂ O), 6.94-7.02 (m, 3H, Ar H ), 7 .28-7.35 (m, 2H, Ar H ).
¹³ C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 66.0 (OCH C H ₂ O), 67.4 (O C HCH ₂ O), 74.8 (PhO C H ₂ ), 114.6 ( Ar ), 121.2 ( Ar ), 129.6 ( Ar ), 154.9 ( Ar ), 157.9 ( C = O).

This example is a reaction similar to Example 77 in Table 12, but the reaction time was longer because the reaction scale was 40 times. However, since the reaction proceeds quantitatively, the product could be isolated by simply throwing the reaction solution into water without performing a purification operation. When guanidine hydrogen iodide, which is a metal-free (metal-free) and inexpensive catalyst, was used, the reaction proceeded under mild conditions such as 45 ° C. and 1 atmosphere, and the desired cyclic carbonate was quantitatively obtained. This proved that this carbonate reaction is a practical reaction.

Example 80 Isolation of 2,2-propylenebis [(p-phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate] {bisphenol A diglycidyl ether biscarbonate} under normal temperature and pressure conditions using a guanidine catalyst [3′-A] Synthesis 2,2-bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) propane {bisphenol A diglycidyl ether} 3.40 g (10 mmol; manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd.) 4 mL of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone) After adding 243 mg (1 mmol) of 1- (1-butyl) guanidine hydrogen iodide salt to the solution at 25 ° C., the reaction system was sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas, and a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0. 1 MPa), and the reaction was stirred at 45 ° C. for 48 hours under the same atmosphere. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into 80 mL of water to precipitate crystals. The precipitated crystals were collected by filtration, and then the collected crystals were washed with water, and then the crystals were vacuum-dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours, whereby colorless crystals of 2,2-propylenebis [(p-phenoxymethyl) Ethylene carbonate] {bisphenol A diglycidyl ether biscarbonate} 4.25g (yield: 99.3%) was obtained. The measurement results of ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR are shown below. The conversion rate of 2,2-bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) propane {bisphenol A diglycidyl ether} upon reaction for 24 hours was 62%.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ , 25 ° C.) δ (ppm): 1.58 (s, 6H, C (C H ₃ ) ₂ ), 4.16 (dd, 2H, J = 11.6) , 4.4 Hz, 2 × (PhOC H ₂ )), 4.24 (dd, 2H, J = 11.2, 2.4 Hz, 2 × (PhOC H ₂ )), 4.38 (dd, 2H, J = 8.0, 6.0 Hz, 2 × (OCHC H ₂ O)), 4.64 (dd, 2H, J = 8.8, 8.8 Hz, 2 × (OCHC H ₂ O)), 5.10 −5.17 (m, 2H, 2 × (OC H CH ₂ O)), 6.85 (d, 4H, J = 8.8 Hz, Ar H ), 7.12 (d, 4H, J = 8. 8 Hz, Ar H ).
^{13 C-NMR (100MHz, DMSO} -d 6, 25 ℃) δ (ppm): 30.7 (C (C H 3) 2), 41.3 (C (CH 3) 2), 66.0 (OCH C H ₂ O), 67.4 (O C HCH ₂ O), 74.8 (PhO C H ₂ ), 114.0 ( Ar ), 127.5 ( Ar ), 143.3 ( Ar ), 154. 9 ( Ar ), 155.7 ( C = O).

This example was the same reaction as Example 68 in Table 10, but the reaction time was longer because the reaction scale was 20 times. However, since the reaction proceeds quantitatively, the product could be isolated by simply throwing the reaction solution into water without performing a purification operation. The product 2,2-propylene bis [(p-phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate] {bisphenol A diglycidyl ether biscarbonate} is an industrially important high-functional monomer, but the raw material 2,2 Like bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) propane {bisphenol A diglycidyl ether}, it has high crystallinity, so it cannot be handled in bulk, and carbonate synthesis under mild conditions has not been successful. In this example, it was found that the carbonate reaction of 2,2-bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) propane {bisphenol A diglycidyl ether} proceeds quantitatively under mild conditions such as 45 ° C. and 1 atm. It was.

Comparative Examples 29 to 36 Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonate Using Various Metal Salts 150 mg (1 mmol; sum) of phenylglycidyl ether in 25 mL of organic solvent 0.2 mL (or suspension) of various metal salts at 25 ° C. After the addition of Kobunyaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., the reaction system is sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas to form a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0.1 MPa), and stirred at 25 ° C. for 24 hours in the same atmosphere. Reacted. Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, and the reaction solution was analyzed with reference to tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yield of the produced (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was calculated. did. As a result of the analysis, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and the materials other than the produced carbonate were unreacted raw materials. These results are shown in Table 13. In the table, NMP in the organic solvent represents 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methylpyrrolidone), and MTHF represents 2-methyltetrahydrofuran.

The reactivity to epoxides was examined using various metal salts as catalysts. As is clear from the results in Table 13, when metal salts were used, lithium iodide, sodium iodide, and potassium iodide, which are considered to be low in reactivity and generate iodine anions in the reaction system, were used. In some cases, the yield of the product (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate remained in the 10% range. In addition, the reaction hardly proceeds with potassium fluoride and copper iodide supported on alumina, and even when expensive cesium iodide is used, the yield of the product (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was 28%. It was. From these results, it was found that the reaction using a metal salt as a catalyst is not suitable for the synthesis of carbonate under mild conditions such as normal temperature and normal pressure.

Comparative Example 37 Synthesis of cyclic carbonate using metal salt and amidine as catalyst 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone of 0.05 mmol of lithium bromide and 0.05 mmol of 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene After adding 150 mg (1 mmol; manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) of phenylglycidyl ether to a 0.2 mL solution of (N-methylpyrrolidone) at 25 ° C., the reaction system is sealed with a balloon filled with carbon dioxide gas. Under a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere (0.1 MPa), the reaction was carried out by stirring at 25 ° C. for 24 hours in the same atmosphere. Next, after extracting a small amount of the reaction solution, the extracted reaction solution was diluted with deuterated chloroform, and the reaction solution was analyzed with reference to tetramethylsilane contained in deuterated chloroform, and the yield of the produced (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was calculated. did. As a result of analysis, the yield of the produced (phenoxymethyl) ethylene carbonate was 31%. Further, almost no by-products were confirmed (5% or less), and the raw materials other than the produced carbonate were unreacted raw materials.

Since 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene has a function of taking in carbon dioxide, it has higher reactivity than the case where the metal salt shown in Table 13 is used alone. I can hear. However, under mild conditions such as normal temperature and normal pressure, the yield of carbonate is low, which is not sufficient from the viewpoint of industrial use.

From the above results, the present invention is a combination of hydrogen iodide and an amine compound selected from monoamine, cyclic amidine and guanidine, which is an amine having a pKa of 8 or more among primary to tertiary amines. It has been clarified that the catalyst (amine compound salt) proceeds efficiently under mild conditions such as normal temperature and normal pressure. That is, any amine can be used as long as it is a primary to tertiary amine, and an anion component is not anything. In other words, a catalyst (amine compound salt) consisting only of a specific combination can efficiently promote the carbonate reaction. The present invention using such a catalyst (amine compound salt) has revealed that a cyclic carbonate can be produced in a high yield even under mild conditions such as normal temperature and normal pressure. In addition, since the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention is also a metal-free (metal-free) catalyst (amine compound salt), the present invention using the catalyst (amine compound salt) according to the present invention is based on green chemistry. It was clarified that it is useful from the viewpoint and is a practical manufacturing method considering reduction of environmental load.

In the production method of the present invention, for example, in producing a cyclic carbonate widely used in various applications such as an electrolyte of a lithium ion secondary battery, a plastic raw material, etc. by reaction of epoxide (oxirane) with carbon dioxide, This makes it possible to produce the cyclic carbonate with high yield under mild conditions such as normal pressure. Furthermore, the production method of the present invention makes it possible to practically produce a cyclic carbonate in consideration of reducing the environmental load.

Claims

An epoxide and carbon dioxide are reacted in the presence of hydrogen iodide with an amine compound selected from monoamines, cyclic amidines and guanidines, which is a primary to tertiary amine having a pKa of 8 or more. The manufacturing method of cyclic carbonate.
2. The amine compound according to claim 1, wherein the amine compound is selected from a monoamine represented by the following general formula [1], a cyclic amidine represented by the following general formula [2], and a guanidine represented by the following general formula [3]. Manufacturing method.

(Wherein R 1 represents a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, and R 2 and R 3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon number 1 to 10 linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups.)

(Wherein R 4 and R 5 are bonded to each other to represent an alkylene chain having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and together with the nitrogen atom bonded thereto and the carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom, 5- to 8-membered members) Each of R 6 and R 7 independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or R 6 and R 7 , And may form a ring structure.)

(Wherein R 8 represents a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a hetero atom, or an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms; R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or R 8 and R 9 , R 9 and R 10 , R 10 and R 11 , R 11 and R 12 or R 8 and R 12 may form a cyclic structure.)
The production method according to claim 1, wherein the amine compound is selected from a monoamine represented by the following general formula [1-I] and a cyclic amidine represented by the following general formula [2-I].

(Wherein R 1a represents a t-alkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and R 2a represents a hydrogen atom, a t-alkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, or a carbon atom. Represents a cycloalkyl group of 5 to 8.)

(In the formula, m represents an integer of 1 to 4, and n represents an integer of 1 to 4.)
The production method according to claim 1, wherein the amine compound is selected from mono-t-butylamine, dicyclohexylamine, and 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene (DBU).
The production method according to claim 1, wherein the amine compound is 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene (DBU).
A pre-prepared amine compound salt having a proton and iodine anion, which is a primary to tertiary amine having a pKa of 8 or more and is prepared from an amine compound selected from monoamine, cyclic amidine and guanidine and hydrogen iodide. The manufacturing method of Claim 1 including the process to do.
The production method according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is carried out at 20 to 60 ° C.
The production method according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is carried out at 0.09 to 0.11 MPa.