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WO2013014641A1 - Procédés, appareil et programmes d'ordinateur pour compiler une balise et filtrer des balises reçues - Google Patents

Procédés, appareil et programmes d'ordinateur pour compiler une balise et filtrer des balises reçues Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013014641A1
WO2013014641A1 PCT/IB2012/053822 IB2012053822W WO2013014641A1 WO 2013014641 A1 WO2013014641 A1 WO 2013014641A1 IB 2012053822 W IB2012053822 W IB 2012053822W WO 2013014641 A1 WO2013014641 A1 WO 2013014641A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
beacon
groups
identifier
association
content types
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2012/053822
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Timo Koskela
Sami-Jukka Hakola
Samuli Turtinen
Jussi K Ojala
Original Assignee
Renesas Mobile Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US13/193,055 external-priority patent/US9198137B2/en
Priority claimed from GB1113008.5A external-priority patent/GB2488847B/en
Application filed by Renesas Mobile Corporation filed Critical Renesas Mobile Corporation
Publication of WO2013014641A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013014641A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/005—Discovery of network devices, e.g. terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • H04W84/20—Leader-follower arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/14—Direct-mode setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • H04W84/22—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks with access to wired networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
    • H04W92/18—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between terminal devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods, apparatus and computer programs for compiling a beacon and methods, apparatus and computer programs for filtering received beacons.
  • the exemplary and non-limiting embodiments of this invention relate generally to wireless communication systems, methods, devices and computer programs and, in specific embodiments, relate to network-directed filtering of user communications such as for example machine-to-machine or device-to-device communications directly between mobile nodes.
  • M2M is a subset of D2D in that the M2M communications are typically between un-manned user devices, such as remotely mounted sensors and data collection/aggregation nodes which collect and analyse data from several such sensors for event-based reporting of abnormal conditions.
  • un-manned user devices such as remotely mounted sensors and data collection/aggregation nodes which collect and analyse data from several such sensors for event-based reporting of abnormal conditions.
  • M2M devices will have lesser processing power than their user- operated D2D companions but sometimes need not rely on a temporary power source (unlike a UE radio which relies on a battery for portable power).
  • the following discussion of D2D includes the M2M subset unless specifically noted otherwise.
  • the radio spectrum these D2D devices use for their D2D communications lies in the unlicensed frequency bands, such as the ISM band in which WLAN communications occur or what is known as television whitespaces. In others it lies in a cellular band, either from opportunistic use of spectrum "holes" the mobile devices find and exploit while avoiding interference to the primary (conventional cellular) users on that licensed band, or by being allocated certain radio resources by the cellular network itself for their D2D communications. In any of these, the cellular network might exercise some varying level of control over the D2D communications in order to ensure a more efficient use of the limited radio spectrum.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary wireless environment in which embodiments of these teachings may be practised to advantage.
  • Cell A is a cellular region in which UEs operating on the licensed band are controlled by an eNB 22, and is adjacent to cell B which is controlled by eNB 23. Near the border there is a cluster of UEs (UE1, UE2, UE3, UE4) which seek to engage in D2D communications.
  • UE1, UE2, UE3, UE4 Near the border there is a cluster of UEs (UE1, UE2, UE3, UE4) which seek to engage in D2D communications.
  • each UE not operating as the AP for the group would be associated to a given AP by responding to the AP's beacon requesting to associate to the AP's group, termed a BSS.
  • the AP coordinates communications, some of which may be D2D, and also provides the UEs (termed non-AP STAs in WLAN) with connectivity to a broader network, such as the Internet.
  • ad hoc mode WLAN there is no AP and so no AP's beacon to which the STAs can associate.
  • one of the STAs takes on some limited functions of the AP by transmitting its own beacon using an IBSS ID it selects; the other STAs join that IBSS and the joined devices can then engage in D2D communications.
  • the D2D devices in the ad hoc mode must discover one another without the aid of a centralised AP to which all interested devices in the area are associated.
  • D2D is not nearly as ubiquitous as other communication techniques, but it is anticipated that some proximity-based or location-based applications might be added to broaden its usability. See for example document Tdoc RP-110706 entitled “On the need for a 3GPP study on LTE device-to-device discovery and communication'”, Tdoc RP-110707 entitled “Study on LTE Device to Device Discovery and Communication - Radio Aspects”, and Tdoc-RP-110708 entitled “Study on LTE Device to Device Discovery and Communication - Service and System Aspects", each from 3 GPP TSG-RAN #52; Bratislava, Slovakia; 31 May to 3 June 2011 and by Qualcomm Inc.
  • D2D in its current state is not seen to be well adapted for very wide adoption; the current protocols for device discovery in the radio/physical layer may tend to flood the higher layers (MAC and LI layers) if the lower radio/physical layers have to pass all the D2D discovery signalling they detect to the upper layers for processing and decision making. If D2D were more common, the devices seeking to join an ad hoc IBSS would be scanning and reading many beacons which they then disregard after decoding and deciding that they choose not to join.
  • beacon frame format note that the beacon frame is a subtype of a management frame, and that the beacon frame origins are separated by the BSS/IBSS ID field and the sender's MAC address field, both in the header. Additionally, the current D2D protocols do not seem to support proximity-based or location-based applications as the above 3 GPP documents seek.
  • a method of compiling a beacon to be transmitted comprising: storing in a computer-readable memory an association between each nth one of N content types with a respective nth group of N groups of identifiers, in which N is an integer greater than one, n indexes from 1 to N, and at least one of the groups has more than one identifier; selecting one of the content types for a beacon to be transmitted and selecting a beacon identifier from the group associated with the selected content type; and compiling the beacon to be transmitted to include content of the selected content type and the selected beacon identifier.
  • apparatus for compiling a beacon to be transmitted comprising: a processing system arranged to at least: store in a memory an association between each nth one of N content types with a respective nth group of N groups of identifiers, in which N is an integer greater than one, n indexes from 1 to N, and at least one of the groups has more than one identifier; select one of the content types for a beacon to be transmitted and select a beacon identifier from the group associated with the selected content type; and compile the beacon to be transmitted to include content of the selected content type and the selected beacon identifier.
  • a computer program for compiling a beacon to be transmitted comprising: code for storing in a computer-readable memory an association between each nth one of N content types with a respective nth group of N groups of identifiers, in which N is an integer greater than one, n indexes from 1 to N, and at least one of the groups has more than one identifier; code for selecting one of the content types for a beacon to be transmitted and selecting a beacon identifier from the group associated with the selected content type; and code for compiling the beacon to be transmitted to include content of the selected content type and the selected beacon identifier.
  • the beacon to be transmitted may be arranged to be transmitted at a transmit power within a transmit power range associated with the selected content type
  • a method of filtering received beacons comprising: storing in a computer- readable memory an association between each nth one of N content types with a respective nth group of N groups of identifiers, in which N is an integer greater than one, n indexes from 1 to N, and at least one of the groups has more than one identifier; selecting at least one of the content types; and for a plurality of beacons received, filtering out from further processing each beacon having a beacon identifier that is not within the group of identifiers associated with any of the at least one selected content types.
  • apparatus for filtering received beacons comprising: a processing system arranged to at least: store in a memory an association between each nth one of N content types with a respective nth group of N groups of identifiers, in which N is an integer greater than one, n indexes from 1 to N, and at least one of the groups has more than one identifier; select at least one of the content types; and for a plurality of beacons received, filter out from further processing each beacon having a beacon identifier that is not within the group of identifiers associated with any of the at least one selected content types.
  • a computer program for filtering received beacons comprising: code for storing in a memory an association between each nth one of N content types with a respective nth group of N groups of identifiers, in which N is an integer greater than one, n indexes from 1 to N, and at least one of the groups has more than one identifier; code for selecting at least one of the content types; and for a plurality of beacons received, code for filtering out from further processing each beacon having a beacon identifier that is not within the group of identifiers associated with any of the at least one selected content types.
  • a method of broadcasting an association between content types and identifiers comprising: creating and storing in a computer-readable memory an association between each nth one of N content types and a respective nth group of N groups of identifiers, in which N is an integer greater than one, n indexes from 1 to N, and at least one of the groups has more than one identifier; and broadcasting the association in a network cell.
  • apparatus for broadcasting an association between content types and identifiers comprising: a processing system arranged to at least: create, and store in a memory, an association between each nth one of N content types and a respective nth group of N groups of identifiers, in which N is an integer greater than one, n indexes from 1 to N, and at least one of the groups has more than one identifier; and broadcast the association in a network cell.
  • a computer program for broadcasting an association between content types and identifiers comprising: code for creating, and for storing in a memory, an association between each nth one of N content types and a respective nth group of N groups of identifiers, in which N is an integer greater than one, n indexes from 1 to N, and at least one of the groups has more than one identifier; and code for broadcasting the association in a network cell.
  • Any of the computer programs may be stored in tangible form in a memory and be executable by at least one processor.
  • Any of the processing systems may comprise a memory storing a computer program and at least one processor. Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, given by way of example only, which is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a radio environment with a group of four UEs under one cell A and adjacent to another cell B, in which exemplary embodiments detailed herein may be practised to advantage;
  • Figure 2A and 2B show schematic diagrams showing two different exemplary structures for a beacon frame adapted according to the teachings set forth herein;
  • Figures 3A and 3B show schematic diagrams showing two different exemplary implementations of the beacon ID field of the beacon frames shown at Figures 2A and 2B according to the teachings set forth herein;
  • Figures 4 and 6 show logic flow diagrams illustrating the operation of a method, and a result of execution of computer program instructions embodied on a computer-readable memory, for practising exemplary embodiments of these teachings from the perspective of various devices shown at Figures 1 and 7; and
  • Figure 7 shows a simplified block diagram of some of the devices shown at Figure 1 which are exemplary electronic devices suitable for use in practising the exemplary embodiments of this invention.
  • the D2D communications are under some management control by the eNB 22.
  • UEl In order to first establish D2D communications with the other UEs, UEl will send a beacon broadcasting its IBSS to which the others can join.
  • the UEl will select a beacon ID to be disposed within the beacon it transmits which indicates the type of contents of that beacon frame.
  • the network (eNB 22) manages how this occurs by designating certain beacon IDs for the different types of information.
  • the network may choose to group the beacon IDs in any number of ways: leading integer or triplet of digital values, trailing integer/triplet, a simple mathematical operation on the beacon ID, and the like. For simplicity of explaining the concept, the examples below group sequential beacon ID values to the same type of beacon content.
  • the network may designate beacon IDs as follows:
  • D2D control information has ID range from K to K+10;
  • D2D device discovery information has the ID range from K+l 1 to K+20; • D2D unicast/multicast information has the ID range from K+21 to K+30;
  • M2M data has the ID range of K+41 to K+50
  • the eNB 22 distributes this information in the cell A, such as for example including it in the eNB's broadcast system information which the D2D devices UE1 to UE4 can listen to even while in a cellular inactive mode in the cell A (such as the idle mode or registration area/location area tracking mode). Therefore, if UE1 seeks to check whether there are other devices in the area with which it would like to engage in D2D communications, it can select one of the beacon IDs between K+l 1 to K+20 and insert the selected value within a new beacon frame UE1 broadcast. UE1 will be sending this beacon for device discovery purposes and so it has relevant broadcast information which enables other devices UE2, UE3, UE4 to pair with UE1.
  • beacon frames might have control information such as channel allocations or transmit durations, unicast or multicast data, or even commercial advertisements from vendors/shop owners in the local area of the D2D devices to inform those devices of the vendor's presence or some special offer.
  • the beacon- sending UE1 can select any beacon ID within the network-defined range of IDs which is not already in use in the local area; UE1 can check beacon ID availability by monitoring the airwaves to see if any other beacon IDs within the network-defined range are currently being used.
  • Any of the other UEs which are also seeking to pair with a D2D device may then fully process (decode and read) only the beacons they see whose beacon ID is within the range K+l 1 through K+20, and disregard all others which have beacon IDs corresponding to any other content type. It may be that UE4 does not recognise UE1 as a trusted D2D partner and so will not pair with it, but regardless, the association of specific beacon IDs with only one category of beacon contents enables UE4 to ignore all other beacons whose beacon ID is not associated with the device discovery type of content.
  • the D2D UE can filter the beacon messages it hears based on the ID range.
  • the eNB 22 which selects the specific beacon ID values which are associated with the different categories.
  • the beacon ID values are fixedly associated with a beacon content type and all network cells will use the same IDs associated to the same beacon content type. This may be implemented by stipulating in a published D2D wireless standard the specific beacon ID values that are associated to the various content types. Regardless, the ID values are associated to the content types by the network, and so it may be considered that the network configures filtering by the UEs which receive the beacon since they will filter by content type. This is particularly valuable for M2M devices which normally have lesser processing capacity.
  • beacon IDs specifically associated with M2M data to facilitate power savings at any M2M devices that may be operating in the area, the power savings over and above those achieved by enabling these M2M devices to ignore unrelated beacons after reading only the beacon ID field.
  • the network is configuring the filtering parameters for the beacon-receiving D2D devices, since the network sets the beacon IDs per category and the receiving devices filter the beacons they receive according to the beacon IDs. But in an embodiment, the network also configures filtering parameters for the beacon-transmitting D2D devices.
  • the network may associate one range of beacon IDs K+l 1 to K+15 with the device discovery content type for HeNB 22 and a different range K+16 to K+20 of beacon IDs with the device discovery type for HeNB 23.
  • HeNB 22 would inform the UEs in its area via its broadcast system information that beacon IDs K+l l to K+15 are for device discovery content while simultaneously HeNB 23 would do similarly for beacon IDs K+16 to K+20.
  • UE4 lies near the border of HeNB22 and HeNB 23 and can read both their system information broadcasts.
  • UE4 can know, from hearing some beacon with beacon ID selected from the set ⁇ K+l 1 to K+15 ⁇ , that the beacon sending UE1 is nearer to HeNB 22 than to HeNB 23. In this manner, the beacon ID can be used to intrinsically give location or proximity information of the sending device.
  • beacon ID groups are related to the uplink or downlink pathloss that the beacon sending device sees with respect to the network cell.
  • the beacon ID groups are related to the uplink or downlink pathloss that the beacon sending device sees with respect to the network cell.
  • the UE is expected to choose a progressively lower value within the designated beacon ID range when it sees progressively higher pathloss (lowest beacon ID in the range for near maximum pathloss.
  • the receiving device interprets the beacon ID value that it reads as the sending device being further from that network cell than if the beacon ID were higher within the range).
  • beacon IDs K+51 to K+53 were reserved for emergency weather alerts and/or abducted children alerts (known as Amber alerts in the US)
  • the network might restrict only fixed devices with certain cell IDs to use them in beacons which those devices transmit.
  • other beacon receiving devices would sacrifice little in the way of battery and processing power if they also filtered in beacons bearing those restricted beacon IDs rather than filtering them out.
  • beacons bearing an ID selected from the smaller ID range K+51 to K+53 would be transmitted at a higher power, while beacons carrying commercial advertising and having an ID selected from K+31 to K+40 would be transmitted with a low power (for example, with a range on the order of tens of meters).
  • More routine but important D2D beacons, such as for device discovery (K+l l to K+20) and control information for initial pairing of already-discovered D2D devices (K to K+10) would be sent with a medium power between the above two.
  • there is a transmit power range associated with a group of beacon IDs which are in turn associated with content of the underlying beacon frame.
  • the network configures the filtering of beacons based on the type of content of the beacon.
  • the network can configure further filters for the D2D devices by setting filtering triggers which are based on the beacon ID. So for example if the beacon ID is value Y then the beacon- sending and/or the beacon-receiving UE applies an additional beacon filter for beacons with IDs between H and J.
  • the following examples show the network signalling the parameters for such further filters for the beacon-sending device.
  • UE1 beacon-sending device's
  • the beacon-sending device's UE1 transmit power for a beacon bearing a given beacon ID and the resource allocations (assuming the case in which the D2D communications use radio resources allocated by the network/eNB 22).
  • the certain beacon IDs are mapped to certain radio resources and so the specific beacon ID in the transmitted beacon maps to a specific radio resource, similar to an allocated uplink or downlink resource mapping to another resource on which the acknowledgement or negative acknowledgement is sent.
  • the network/eNB 22 can then signal parameters to the beacon-sending device UEl which the beacon sending device UEl can use to derive the transmit power for any beacon which has a beacon ID in the ID range that is reserved for the content type. In this manner, if there were other UEs in cell B of Figure 1 which might choose the same beacon ID for their beacon as does UEl in cell A, then the devices in the different cells will transmit their respective beacons which bear the same beacon ID with different transmit powers. The network is then able to control transmit powers of various beacons; for example enforcing a low transmit power for commercial advertisements sent by devices near the eNB.
  • UEl would transmit its beacon with high transmit power and the UE in cell B would transmit its beacon with low power and, for a next succeeding time interval T2, the UEl in cell A would transmit its beacon with low power while the UE in cell B would transmit its beacon with high power. So even if these two UEs, which are not coordinating which beacon ID they choose, happen to choose the same beacon ID and also happen to transmit a same- content-type beacon at the same time, they are differentiated by the transmit power distinction. As an alternative, the UE that sees it will transmit with low power will delay its transmission until the time interval in which it can transmit at high power.
  • this time- varying transmit power computation may be implemented by applying a function to the system frame number which is common across the different cells A and B.
  • a function is a modulo operation, for example SFN mod X in which X is an integer value specific to the different cells A and B.
  • SFN mod X a modulo operation
  • X an integer value specific to the different cells A and B.
  • the values of X and the range of beacon IDs associated with a given X value can be fixed (for example, set forth in a published wireless protocol) or it can be configurable by the network/eNB 22.
  • the beacon also informs the beacon-receiving UE (UE2, UE3, UE4) of what the transmit power was.
  • the transmit power is indicated explicitly in the beacon itself.
  • An alternative embodiment saves signalling bits; the transmit power information is comparative only (low, medium or high for example without specific quantisation) and the transmit power indication is implicit within the beacon message, or more specifically within the beacon ID of the beacon. Recall that it was detailed above that different content-types may have different transmit powers associated with them. In this embodiment of implicitly indicating the transmit power in the beacon, there are different powers associated with different beacon IDs within the ID range of one beacon content-type.
  • the beacon-sending UE1 will select from among K+l 1 to K+13 if it is to send the beacon with low power, and from among K+l 8 to K+20 if it is to send the beacon with high power, and from among K+l 4 to K+l 7 if it is to send the beacon with medium power.
  • This implicit indication ties the beacon ID for a particular content type to the transmit power. Indicating the transmit power in the beacon itself, either explicitly or implicitly, enables the beacon- receiving UEs (UE2, UE3, UE4) to estimate their distance from the beacon-sending device UE1.
  • Figures 2A and 2B illustrate two exemplary embodiments of a beacon frame adapted according to these teachings to include a beacon ID field
  • Figures 3A and 3B illustrate two exemplary embodiments of the beacon ID field itself.
  • a radio frame consists of 10 sub-frames each 1ms in duration.
  • One sub-frame consists of 2 slots which in turn have 7 OFDM symbols each.
  • a beacon frame may be transmitted in one or multiple such sub-frames or slots.
  • the example at Figure 2A illustrates a fixed length beacon frame.
  • each field 202 A, 204 A has a specific length which is known to the receiving devices without explicit information carried in the frame.
  • the new beacon ID field is shown as 204 A.
  • the example at Figure 2B illustrates an arbitrary length beacon frame. The length is indicated in the beacon information elements 202B and the frame size can be dynamic. In this case, the beacon ID field 204B can be fixed length, or as illustrated it may be an arbitrary length.
  • the various beacon information elements 202A, 202B can include information such as the sender address, the receiver address, frame length fields, etc. In conventional practice, the sender and receiver addresses are MAC addresses.
  • the beacon ID field 204A, 204B is disposed at a predetermined location within the frame, or is indicated by one or more of the various information elements 202 A, 202B.
  • beacon ID field shown at Figures 3Aand 3B.
  • Beacon messages are categorised based on the utilised service (device discovery, unicast/multicast, control signalling, etc.) and according to these teachings there are assigned specific ID groups for different services.
  • such services can be further distinguished according to subtype by using different portions of the beacon ID field 204A, 204B. Separation of portions of the beacon ID field may be indicated by a single bit as in the examples below, or by multiple bits, or the separation may be known to both receiver and transmitter prior to the frame being sent (e.g. at bit position x if the beacon ID 204A is fixed length, or known to occur at x bits from one end of the beacon ID field 204B if it is an i-byte variable length field).
  • the type portion 3 IOC, 310D of the beacon ID field indicates the content type as is detailed above by example (device discovery, unicast/multicast, etc.), and the network may define how many bits are used for that portion.
  • the network may define how many bits are used for that portion.
  • the network has defined eight bits for the type portion 3 IOC and in Figure 3B, the network has defined six bits for the type portion 310D. Assuming a single bit A 312C, 312D as indicating separation of the type portion from the subtype portion, then that leaves seven bits for the sub-type portion 314C in Figure 3 A and nine bits for the sub-type portion 314D in Figure 3B.
  • the network may define the length of this sub-type portion 314C, 314D also, in either the fixed length beacon ID field 204 A or the variable length beacon ID field 204B.
  • the sub-type portions 314C, 314D may be used to signal transmit power, either relative (high, low) or quantitatively if there are sufficient bits available in the sub-type portion 314C, 314D.
  • Sub-type bits not used for such transmit power purposes may be used in relation to the content type bits, so for example if the beacon content type is a commercial advertisement the sub-type bits might distinguish whether it is for a restaurant, for men's or women's fashion, for consumer electronics, etc.
  • the D2D beacon message IDs can be implemented in the MAC layer.
  • the MAC layer entity at the receiving device UE2, UE3, UE4 can decide whether to further process the message. For example, a receiving D2D device may read the RNTI of a received message, decide it is not a trusted D2D device, and refrain from further processing it.
  • the beacon ID serves to filter out such a message from further processing at the receiving UE, the end result is to prevent the forwarding of unwanted packets to the higher layer of that receiving UE which would otherwise further consume processing power.
  • the beacon ID has the length of an RNTI (or if a RAT other than UTRAN/LTE, the length of the network assigned temporary identifier). This is not a limiting factor though; the beacon ID may be implemented with a different length than the RNTI.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 are logic flow diagrams which may be considered to illustrate the operation of a method, and a result of execution of a computer program stored in a computer-readable memory, and a specific manner in which components of an electronic device are configured to cause that electronic device to operate.
  • the various blocks shown in Figure 4 may also be considered as a plurality of coupled logic circuit elements constructed to carry out the associated function(s), or specific result of strings of computer program code stored in a memory.
  • Such blocks and the functions they represent are non-limiting examples, and may be practised in various components such as integrated circuit chips and modules, and the exemplary embodiments of this invention may be realised in an apparatus that is embodied as an integrated circuit.
  • the integrated circuit, or circuits may comprise circuitry (as well as possibly firmware) for embodying at least one or more of a data processor or data processors, a digital signal processor or processors, baseband circuitry and radio frequency circuitry that are configurable so as to operate in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of this invention.
  • Figure 4 shows particular exemplary embodiments of the invention from the perspective of the beacon-sending device UE1 (or one or more components thereof, more generally termed an apparatus which may or may not be the entire UE1).
  • the apparatus stores in its computer-readable memory an association between each n th one of N content types with a respective n th group of N groups of identifiers, in which N is an integer greater than one, n indexes from 1 to N, and at least one of the groups has more than one identifier.
  • it selects one of the content types for a beacon to be transmitted and selects a beacon identifier from the group associated with the selected content type.
  • Block 406 compiles the beacon to be transmitted to include content of the selected content type and the selected beacon identifier.
  • Compiling simply means filling in the various fields of the beacon frame with the relevant information as detailed above for Figures 2 A and 2B. Further portions of Figure 4 are optional and may or may not be combined with one another in various embodiments.
  • the association may be fixed as in a published wireless protocol, or it may be provided to the UE1 by the network/eNB 22 (more generally an access node), such as by being broadcast in system information.
  • Block 408 shows that compiling the beacon may further comprise indicating location information in the beacon. In one embodiment above, this location information was an indication of pathloss or transmit power. While that indication might in some embodiments be explicit, in other embodiments it might be implicit by the beacon identifier that is selected from the group associated with the selected content type.
  • Block 410 shows the further embodiment in which the stored association additionally comprises an n th transmit power associated with each of the N groups. Not all transmit powers per group must differ, but the respective transmit powers associated with at least two of the N groups are different from one another in this embodiment. In another embodiment, each group has a different transmit power associated with it.
  • Block 412 shows the embodiment from above in which the UE1 maps the selected beacon identifier to a radio resource, and determines a transmit power for the compiled beacon from signalling received (from the network) on the mapped radio resource.
  • Block 414 shows the embodiment in which the UE1 determines the transmit power for the compiled beacon by applying a function to a value specific to a network access node or a radio system frame number (for example, SFN modulo X, where X is cell- specific).
  • a function for example, SFN modulo X, where X is cell- specific.
  • Figure 5 shows particular exemplary embodiments of the invention from the perspective of the beacon-receiving device UE2, UE3 or UE4 (or one or more components thereof, more generally termed an apparatus which may or may not be an entire UE).
  • the apparatus stores in its computer-readable memory an association between each n th one of N content types with a respective n th group of N groups of identifiers, in which N is an integer greater than one, n indexes from 1 to N, and at least one of the groups has more than one identifier.
  • the UE selects at least one of the content types (for example, whichever content type it is interested in receiving) and, at block 506, for a plurality of beacons received, the UE filters out from further processing each beacon having a beacon identifier that is not within the group of identifiers associated with any of the at least one selected content types. If the UE is interested in receiving only one content type, then there is only one group of beacon IDs to filter in and all others are filtered out.
  • the UE determines location information from at least one of pathloss and transmit power indicated in the beacon. As above, this pathloss or transmit power may be indicated implicitly in the beacon by the beacon identifier itself, or explicitly.
  • block 510 shows the embodiment in which the UE obtains location information by accessing the stored association with the beacon identifier and estimating transmit power of the beacon from the transmit power associated with the group of which the beacon identifier is a member.
  • the UE can, for a beacon which is not filtered out, determine a transmit power for the beacon by applying a function to a value specific to a network access node or a radio system frame number (for example, SFN modulo X, where X is cell- specific).
  • Figure 6 shows particular exemplary embodiments of the invention from the perspective of the network access node/eNB 22 (or one or more components thereof, more generally termed an apparatus which may or may not be an entire access node).
  • the eNB creates, and stores in its computer-readable memory, an association between each n th one of N content types and a respective n th group of N groups of identifiers, in which N is an integer greater than one, n indexes from 1 to N, and at least one of the groups has more than one identifier. Then in this embodiment, at block 604 the eNB broadcasts the association in a network cell.
  • the association in certain exemplary embodiments may further have an n th transmit power associated with each of the N groups, such that the associated transmit powers for at least two of the N groups are different from one another.
  • block 606 shows that from the eNB perspective, each of the beacon identifiers maps to a radio resource and the eNB sends signalling on one of the mapped radio resource which indicates transmission power for a beacon which uses the identifier from which the radio resource is mapped.
  • FIG. 7 there is shown a first network access node/eNB 22 coupled via an XI interface 26 to a second network access node/eNB 23, of which the former is shown as adapted for communication over wireless links 70A, 70B with two apparatus 20, 21, such as mobile terminals or termed more generally as user equipments UEs.
  • the access nodes 22, 23 may be further communicatively coupled to further networks (e.g. a publicly switched telephone network PSTN and/or a data communications network/Internet), possibly via a higher network node, such as a serving gateway in the case of the LTE system.
  • networks e.g. a publicly switched telephone network PSTN and/or a data communications network/Internet
  • the first UE 20 includes processing means such as at least one data processor (DP) 20A, storing means such as at least one computer-readable memory (MEM) 20B storing at least one computer program (PROG) 20C, and communicating means such as a transmitter TX 20D and a receiver RX 20E for bidirectional wireless communications with the access node 22 via one or more antennas 20F.
  • processing means such as at least one data processor (DP) 20A
  • storing means such as at least one computer-readable memory (MEM) 20B storing at least one computer program (PROG) 20C
  • communicating means such as a transmitter TX 20D and a receiver RX 20E for bidirectional wireless communications with the access node 22 via one or more antennas 20F.
  • TX 20D computer-readable memory
  • PROG computer program
  • the second UE 21 is similarly functional with blocks 21 A, 21B, 21C, 21D, 21F and 21G.
  • the first access node 22 also includes processing means such as at least one data processor (DP) 22A, storing means such as at least one computer-readable memory (MEM) 22B storing at least one computer program (PROG) 22C, and communicating means such as a transmitter TX 22D and a receiver RX 22E for bidirectional wireless communications with its associated user devices 20, 21 via one or more antennas 22F and a modem 22H.
  • the first access node 22 also has stored in its memory the association 22G of content type with specific beacon ID groups as was discussed above, which the access node 22 uses to enforce beacon filtering by the UEs 20, 21. In one embodiment, this association 22G is created by the access node 22.
  • the second access node 23 is similarly functional with blocks 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23F and 23H.
  • the second access node 23 may have its own association of content type to beacon IDs but is not shown since it may or may not be identical to that of the first access node in all embodiments of these teachings.
  • a modem which may in one exemplary but non-limiting embodiment be inbuilt on an RF front end chip so as to carry the respective TX 20D/21D and RX 20E/21E.
  • At least one of the PROGs 20C, 21C, 22C in the UEs 20, 21 and in the first access node 22 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated DP 20A, 21 A, 22A, enable the device to operate in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of this invention as discussed more fully above.
  • the exemplary embodiments of this invention may be implemented at least in part by computer software stored on the MEM 20B, 2 IB, 22B which is executable by the DP 20A, 21 A, 22A of the respective devices 20, 21 , 22; or by hardware; or by a combination of tangibly stored software and hardware (and tangibly stored firmware).
  • Electronic devices implementing these aspects of the invention need not be the entire UE 20, 21 or access node 22, but exemplary embodiments may be implemented by one or more components of same such as the above described tangibly stored software, hardware, firmware and DP, or a system on a chip SOC or an application specific integrated circuit ASIC or a digital signal processor DSP or a modem or a subscriber identity module commonly referred to as a SIM card.
  • Various embodiments of the UE 20, 21 can include, but are not limited to: cellular telephones; data cards, USB dongles, personal portable digital devices having wireless communication capabilities including but not limited to laptop/palmtop/tablet computers, digital cameras and music devices, and Internet appliances.
  • Other embodiments of the described UE 20, 21 may be implemented as a M2M device which may not have a user interface directly but instead be remotely disposed for user-free operation.
  • Various embodiments of the computer-readable MEM 20B, 21B, 22B include any data storage technology type which is suitable to the local technical environment, including but not limited to semiconductor based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory, removable memory, disc memory, flash memory, DRAM, SRAM, EEPROM and the like.
  • Various embodiments of the DP 20 A, 21 A, 22 A include but are not limited to general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and multi-core processors.
  • DSPs digital signal processors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, est stockée dans une mémoire une association entre chaque nième type de contenu parmi N types de contenus avec un nième groupe respectif de N groupes d'identificateurs (N est un nombre entier supérieur à un, n est classé de 1 à N, et au moins l'un des groupes possède plus d'un identificateur). Un expéditeur de balise sélectionne l'un des types de contenus pour une balise à transmettre et sélectionne un identificateur de balise (204A, 204b) à partir du groupe associé au type de contenu sélectionné. La balise à transmettre est compilée pour inclure un contenu du type de contenu sélectionné et l'identificateur de balise sélectionné (204A, 204B). Le récepteur de balise sélectionne au moins l'un des types de contenus; et, pour une pluralité de balises reçues, filtre à partir d'un traitement ultérieur chaque balise ayant un identificateur de balise (204A, 204B) qui n'est pas à l'intérieur du groupe d'identificateurs associé à l'un quelconque du ou des types de contenus sélectionnés. Le réseau crée l'association et la diffuse dans une cellule de réseau.
PCT/IB2012/053822 2011-07-28 2012-07-26 Procédés, appareil et programmes d'ordinateur pour compiler une balise et filtrer des balises reçues WO2013014641A1 (fr)

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US13/193,055 2011-07-28
GB1113008.5 2011-07-28
US13/193,055 US9198137B2 (en) 2011-07-28 2011-07-28 Network controlled filtering over wireless device communications
GB1113008.5A GB2488847B (en) 2011-07-28 2011-07-28 Methods, apparatus and computer programs for compiling a beacon and filtering received beacons

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US9894699B2 (en) 2013-12-30 2018-02-13 Nokia Technologies Oy Methods and apparatuses for proximity-based service

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US20020002034A1 (en) * 2000-06-26 2002-01-03 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Data delivery through beacons
WO2011028843A2 (fr) * 2009-09-01 2011-03-10 Icontrol, Inc. Procédés et systèmes de protocole de communication pour une gestion d'actifs distribuée
US20110130149A1 (en) * 2009-11-30 2011-06-02 Zongming Yao Load balancing techniques in wireless networks

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WO2011028843A2 (fr) * 2009-09-01 2011-03-10 Icontrol, Inc. Procédés et systèmes de protocole de communication pour une gestion d'actifs distribuée
US20110130149A1 (en) * 2009-11-30 2011-06-02 Zongming Yao Load balancing techniques in wireless networks

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US20160014825A1 (en) * 2013-03-11 2016-01-14 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and apparatus for performing device to device service in wireless communication system
US9706585B2 (en) * 2013-03-11 2017-07-11 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and apparatus for performing device to device service in wireless communication system
US9894699B2 (en) 2013-12-30 2018-02-13 Nokia Technologies Oy Methods and apparatuses for proximity-based service

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