WO2012176822A1 - 光配向処理法用の液晶配向剤、及びそれを用いた液晶配向膜 - Google Patents
光配向処理法用の液晶配向剤、及びそれを用いた液晶配向膜 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012176822A1 WO2012176822A1 PCT/JP2012/065783 JP2012065783W WO2012176822A1 WO 2012176822 A1 WO2012176822 A1 WO 2012176822A1 JP 2012065783 W JP2012065783 W JP 2012065783W WO 2012176822 A1 WO2012176822 A1 WO 2012176822A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1075—Partially aromatic polyimides
- C08G73/1078—Partially aromatic polyimides wholly aromatic in the diamino moiety
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3442—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3445—Five-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133397—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods for suppressing after-image or image-sticking
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
- G02F1/133723—Polyimide, polyamide-imide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal alignment agent for producing a liquid crystal alignment film and a liquid crystal alignment film obtained from the liquid crystal alignment agent. More specifically, in place of rubbing treatment, a liquid crystal alignment agent suitable for a photo-alignment treatment method, that is, a photo-alignment treatment method that imparts liquid crystal alignment ability by irradiation with polarized ultraviolet rays, and a liquid crystal obtained from the liquid crystal alignment agent
- a liquid crystal alignment agent suitable for a photo-alignment treatment method that is, a photo-alignment treatment method that imparts liquid crystal alignment ability by irradiation with polarized ultraviolet rays
- the present invention relates to an alignment film.
- Liquid crystal display elements used for liquid crystal televisions, liquid crystal displays, and the like are usually provided with a liquid crystal alignment film for controlling the alignment state of the liquid crystals.
- the liquid crystal alignment film is made of a polyamic acid formed on an electrode substrate and / or a surface of a film made of polyimide obtained by imidizing this with cotton, nylon, It is produced by carrying out a so-called rubbing process that rubs in one direction with a cloth such as polyester.
- the method of rubbing the film surface in the alignment process of the liquid crystal alignment film is an industrially useful method that is simple and excellent in productivity.
- the demand for higher performance, higher definition, and larger size of liquid crystal display elements is increasing, and the surface of the alignment film caused by rubbing treatment, dust generation, the influence of mechanical force and static electricity, Various problems such as non-uniformity in the orientation processing surface have been revealed.
- Non-Patent Document 1 As a method for replacing the rubbing treatment, a photo-alignment method that imparts liquid crystal alignment ability by irradiating polarized radiation is known.
- liquid crystal alignment treatment by the photo-alignment method those utilizing a photoisomerization reaction, those utilizing a photocrosslinking reaction, those utilizing a photodecomposition reaction, and the like have been proposed (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 proposes that a polyimide film having an alicyclic structure such as a cyclobutane ring in the main chain is used for the photo-alignment method.
- the photo-alignment method as described above has an advantage that it can be produced by a simple manufacturing process industrially as a rubbing-less alignment treatment method, and also has a liquid crystal of an IPS driving method or a fringe field switching (hereinafter referred to as FFS) driving method.
- FFS fringe field switching
- the liquid crystal alignment film used in the liquid crystal display element of the IPS driving method or the FFS driving method is generated in the liquid crystal display element of the IPS driving method or the FFS driving method in addition to the basic characteristics such as excellent liquid crystal alignment properties and electrical characteristics. It is necessary to suppress the afterimage by AC driving. However, the liquid crystal alignment film obtained by the photo-alignment method has insufficient alignment regulating power of liquid crystal and its stability, and it has been difficult to satisfy the above characteristics.
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal aligning agent suitable for a photo-alignment treatment method capable of suppressing an afterimage due to alternating current drive generated in a liquid crystal display element of an IPS driving method or an FFS driving method, and a liquid crystal alignment obtained from the liquid crystal aligning agent.
- the purpose is to provide an agent.
- a diamine having a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having a specific structure having a cyclobutane skeleton and a highly linear diamine typified by p-phenylenediamine It has been found that the above object can be achieved by a liquid crystal aligning agent containing a polyamic acid obtained from a polycondensation reaction with a compound and an imidazole derivative having an alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group.
- the present invention has the following gist. 1.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent characterized by containing the following (A) component, (B) component, and an organic solvent.
- (A) component The tetracarboxylic dianhydride containing 60 mol% or more of all tetracarboxylic dianhydrides represented by the following formula (1), and the following formula (2)
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or a carbon atom. These are alkynyl groups of 2 to 6 or phenyl groups, which may be the same or different.)
- a 1 is a single bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a thioester bond, or a divalent organic group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Component (B) at least one imidazole derivative selected from the group consisting of the following formulas (B-1) to (B-4).
- R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are each independently an alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent according to 1 above wherein the content of the component (A) is 1 to 10% by mass. 3.
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the above formula (1) for obtaining the component (A) is 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 1,3-dimethyl-1,2 4.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent according to any one of 3 above which is at least one tetracarboxylic dianhydride selected from the group consisting of 3,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride. 5.
- the imidazole derivative as the component (B) is at least one selected from the group consisting of 1-propylimidazole, 1-allylimidazole, 1-butylimidazole, 2-propylimidazole, and 2-butylimidazole.
- the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention reduces afterimages caused by AC driving in liquid crystal display elements of the IPS driving method or the FFS driving method, and an IPS driving method or FFS driving type liquid crystal display element having excellent afterimage characteristics can be obtained.
- liquid crystal alignment film obtained from the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention solves the problems of the present invention is not necessarily clear, but is considered as follows.
- the polyimide film irradiated with polarized radiation exhibits anisotropy in a direction perpendicular to the polarization direction, and imparts liquid crystal alignment ability.
- the reaction of the following formula (i) proceeds most efficiently when an imide ring is formed. Therefore, when the imidation ratio of the film obtained by firing is low, the reaction of the following formula (i) proceeds only slightly and the film becomes small in anisotropy. On the other hand, when the imidation ratio of the film obtained by firing is high, the reaction of the following formula (i) sufficiently proceeds to obtain a film having large anisotropy.
- the larger the anisotropy of the liquid crystal alignment film the higher the liquid crystal alignment property, and the afterimage due to AC driving can be suppressed.
- the imidazole derivative used for the liquid crystal aligning agent of this invention can accelerate
- the additive has a high effect of promoting imidization by heating of the polyamic acid
- the additive if the additive remains in the film, it inhibits the alignment of the liquid crystal and degrades the performance of the liquid crystal alignment film. End up.
- the imidazole derivative used in the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention not only has a high effect of promoting imidization by heating of the polyamic acid, but also has a structure that easily evaporates or sublimates during firing. , It does not remain in the film and the liquid crystal orientation is not deteriorated.
- the liquid crystal alignment film obtained from the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention has a high liquid crystal alignment property, and it is possible to suppress an afterimage caused by alternating current drive generated in an IPS drive type or FFS drive type liquid crystal display element. It is considered possible.
- (A) component contained in the liquid crystal aligning agent of this invention is tetracarboxylic dianhydride which contains the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by following formula (1) 60 mol% or more of all the tetracarboxylic dianhydrides. And a polyamic obtained by a polycondensation reaction with a diamine compound containing at least one mol of diamine compounds selected from the group consisting of diamine compounds represented by the following formulas (2) and (3) in an amount of 60 mol% or more of the total diamine compounds It is an acid.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, carbon An alkynyl group having a number of 3 to 6 or a phenyl group.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are preferably a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, and more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- tetracarboxylic dianhydride having a cyclobutane ring represented by the above formula (1) include the following formulas (1-1) to (1-5). From the viewpoint of liquid crystal alignment, (1-1) or (1-2) is more preferable, and (1-2) is more preferable.
- a 1 is a single bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a thioester bond, or a divalent organic group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the ester bond is represented by —C (O) O— or —OC (O) —.
- amide bond a structure represented by —C (O) NH— or —C (O) NR—, —NHC (O) —, —NRC (O) — can be shown.
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, or a combination thereof.
- alkyl group examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a t-butyl group, a hexyl group, an octyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a bicyclohexyl group.
- alkenyl group examples include those obtained by replacing one or more CH—CH structures present in the above alkyl group with C ⁇ C structures, and more specifically, vinyl groups, allyl groups, 1-propenyl groups.
- Alkynyl groups include those in which one or more CH 2 —CH 2 structures present in the alkyl group are replaced with C ⁇ C structures, and more specifically, ethynyl groups, 1-propynyl groups, 2 -Propynyl group and the like.
- Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group.
- As the thioester bond a structure represented by —C (O) S— or —SC (O) — can be shown.
- a 1 is an organic group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, it can be represented by the structure of the following formula (4).
- a 4 , A 5 and A 6 are each independently a single bond, —O—, —S—, —NR 11 —, ester bond, amide bond, thioester bond, urea bond, carbonate bond Or a carbamate bond.
- R 11 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, or an aryl group, or a combination thereof, and examples thereof are the same as the above-described alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, and aryl group. Can be mentioned.
- the ester bond, amide bond, and thioester bond in A 4 , A 5 , and A 6 can have the same structure as the ester bond, amide bond, and thioester bond described above.
- urea bond a structure represented by —NH—C (O) NH— or —NR—C (O) NR— can be shown.
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, or an aryl group, or a combination thereof, and examples thereof are the same as the above-described alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, and aryl group.
- carbonate bond a structure represented by —O—C (O) —O— can be shown.
- the carbamate bond is —NH—C (O) —O—, —O—C (O) —NH—, —NR—C (O) —O—, or —O—C (O) —NR—.
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, or an aryl group, or a combination thereof, and examples thereof are the same as the above-described alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, and aryl group. .
- R 9 and R 10 in the formula (4) each independently have a structure selected from a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group, an alkynylene group, an arylene group, or a combination thereof. is there. If one of R 9 and R 10 is a single bond, R 9 or R 10 represents an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group, an alkynylene group or an arylene group, or a structure selected from the group comprising a combination thereof is there.
- alkylene group examples include a structure in which one hydrogen atom is removed from the alkyl group. More specifically, a methylene group, 1,1-ethylene group, 1,2-ethylene group, 1,2-propylene group, 1,3-propylene group, 1,4-butylene group, 1,2-butylene group 1,2-pentylene group, 1,2-hexylene group, 2,3-butylene group, 2,4-pentylene group, 1,2-cyclopropylene group, 1,2-cyclobutylene group, 1,3- Examples thereof include a cyclobutylene group, 1,2-cyclopentylene group, 1,2-cyclohexylene group and the like.
- alkenylene group examples include a structure in which one hydrogen atom is removed from the alkenyl group. More specifically, 1,1-ethenylene group, 1,2-ethenylene group, 1,2-ethenylenemethylene group, 1-methyl-1,2-ethenylene group, 1,2-ethenylene-1,1- Ethylene group, 1,2-ethenylene-1,2-ethylene group, 1,2-ethenylene-1,2-propylene group, 1,2-ethenylene-1,3-propylene group, 1,2-ethenylene-1, Examples include 4-butylene group and 1,2-ethenylene-1,2-butylene group.
- alkynylene group examples include a structure in which one hydrogen atom is removed from the alkynyl group. More specifically, an ethynylene group, an ethynylene methylene group, an ethynylene-1,1-ethylene group, an ethynylene-1,2-ethylene group, an ethynylene-1,2-propylene group, an ethynylene-1,3-propylene group, Examples include ethynylene-1,4-butylene group, ethynylene-1,2-butylene group and the like.
- arylene group examples include a structure in which one hydrogen atom is removed from the aryl group. More specific examples include 1,2-phenylene group, 1,3-phenylene group, 1,4-phenylene group and the like.
- the structure of A 1 is a single bond or the following formula (A1-1)
- the structure of (A1-25) is more preferable.
- the diamine compound for obtaining the polyamic acid of the present invention is represented by p represented by the above formula (2).
- -Phenylenediamine is particularly preferred.
- the content of the diamine compound represented by the above formulas (2) and (3) is preferably 60 mol% to 100 mol% in the total diamine. Since the higher the ratio of the diamine represented by the above formulas (2) and (3), the better the liquid crystal alignment film having liquid crystal alignment properties, 80 mol% to 100 mol% is more preferable, and 90 mol% to 100 mol% is more preferable.
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride for obtaining the polyamic acid which is the component (A) of the present invention is a tetracarboxylic acid represented by the following formula (6) in addition to the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (1).
- An acid dianhydride can be contained.
- X is a tetravalent organic group, and its structure is not particularly limited. Specific examples include structures of the following formulas (X-5) to (X-46). From the viewpoint of compound availability, the structure of X is X-5, X-6, X-8, X-16, X-17, X-19, X-21, X-25, X-26, X -27, X-28, X-32, X-46.
- a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having an aliphatic and aliphatic ring structure In order to improve the transparency of the obtained liquid crystal alignment film, it is preferable to use a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having an aliphatic and aliphatic ring structure, and the structure of X is X-8, X-16, X- 19, X-25, or X-46 is more preferred. In addition, it is preferable to use a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having an aromatic ring structure from the viewpoint of obtaining a liquid crystal alignment film in which a residual charge accumulated by a DC voltage can be quickly relaxed. X-27, X-28, X-32, X-35, or X-37 is more preferable.
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the above formula (6) is preferably 0 to 40 mol%, more preferably 0 to 20 mol% with respect to the total tetracarboxylic dianhydride.
- the diamine compound for obtaining the polyamic acid of the component (A) of the present invention contains a diamine compound represented by the following formula (7) in addition to the diamine compounds represented by the formulas (2) and (3).
- Y is a divalent organic group, and its structure is not particularly limited. Specific examples of Y include structures of the following formulas (Y-1) to (Y-68).
- the diamine compounds other than the formulas (2) and (3) include Y-8, Y-20, Y-21, Y- 22, Y-27, Y-28, Y-66, Y-67, or Y-68 are more preferable, and Y-66 is particularly preferable. If the amount of the diamine compound represented by the above formula (7) is too large, the liquid crystal alignment property of the liquid crystal alignment film is lowered, so 0 to 40 mol% is preferable based on the total tetracarboxylic dianhydride. More preferred is ⁇ 20 mol%.
- the component (B) of the present invention is at least one imidazole derivative selected from the group consisting of the following formulas (B-1) to (B-4).
- R 5 to R 8 are each independently an alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms examples include propyl group, butyl group, t-butyl group, hexyl group, octyl group, nonyl group and decyl group.
- alkenyl group examples include those in which one or more CH—CH structures present in the above alkyl group are replaced with a C ⁇ C structure, and more specifically, an allyl group, a 1-propenyl group, an isopropenyl group. Group, 2-butenyl group, 1,3-butadienyl group, 2-pentenyl group, 2-hexenyl group and the like.
- the liquid crystal alignment may be hindered and the liquid crystal alignment of the resulting liquid crystal alignment film may be lowered. Therefore, a carbon number of 3 to 6 is more preferable, and a propyl group, a butyl group, or an allyl group is particularly preferable.
- Specific structures of the above imidazole derivatives include 1-propylimidazole, 1-allylimidazole, 1-butylimidazole, 2-propylimidazole, or 2-butylimidazole.
- 1-propylimidazole, 1-allylimidazole Or 1-butylimidazole is more preferable, and 1-butylimidazole is particularly preferable.
- the content of the component (B) is preferably 0.1 to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, and 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (A). Is particularly preferred.
- the polyamic acid used for the liquid crystal aligning agent of this invention can be obtained by reaction of tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine. Specifically, tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine are reacted in the presence of an organic solvent at ⁇ 20 ° C. to 150 ° C., preferably 0 ° C. to 50 ° C. for 30 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 to 12 hours. Can be synthesized.
- the organic solvent used in the above reaction is preferably N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, or ⁇ -butyrolactone in view of the solubility of the monomer and polymer. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. It may be used.
- the concentration of the polymer is preferably 1 to 30% by mass and more preferably 5 to 20% by mass from the viewpoint that the polymer is hardly precipitated and a high molecular weight body is easily obtained.
- the polyamic acid obtained as described above can be precipitated and recovered by pouring into a poor solvent while thoroughly stirring the reaction solution. Moreover, the powder of polyamic acid refine
- a poor solvent is not specifically limited, Water, methanol, ethanol, hexane, butyl cellosolve, acetone, toluene etc. are mentioned.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent of this invention has the form of the solution in which (A) component and (B) component were melt
- the molecular weight of the polyamic acid as the component (A) is preferably 2,000 to 500,000, more preferably 5,000 to 300,000, and still more preferably 10,000 to 100,000 in terms of weight average molecular weight. It is.
- the number average molecular weight is preferably 1,000 to 250,000, more preferably 2,500 to 150,000, and still more preferably 5,000 to 50,000.
- the content of the polyamic acid as the component (A) in the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention can be appropriately changed depending on the thickness of the coating film to be formed, but a uniform and defect-free coating film is formed. 1% by mass or more is preferable from the viewpoint of making it preferable, 3% by mass or more is more preferable, and 10% by mass or less is preferable and 8% by mass or less is more preferable from the viewpoint of storage stability of the solution.
- the organic solvent contained in the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the (A) component and the (B) component are uniformly dissolved.
- Specific examples thereof include N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-diethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methylcaprolactam, Examples include 2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl sulfone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, 1,3-dimethyl-imidazolidinone, 3-methoxy-N, N-dimethylpropanamide and the like.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention may contain a solvent for improving the uniformity of the coating film when the liquid crystal aligning agent is applied to the substrate in addition to the organic solvent for dissolving the polymer component.
- a solvent for improving the uniformity of the coating film when the liquid crystal aligning agent is applied to the substrate in addition to the organic solvent for dissolving the polymer component.
- a solvent having a surface tension lower than that of the organic solvent is generally used.
- ethyl cellosolve examples thereof include ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, ethyl carbitol, butyl carbitol, ethyl carbitol acetate, ethylene glycol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, 1-ethoxy-2-propanol, 1-butoxy-2 -Propanol, 1-phenoxy-2-propanol, propylene glycol monoacetate, propylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol-1-monomethyl ether-2-acetate, propylene glycol-1-monoethyl ether-2-acetate, butyl cellosolve acetate, di Propylene glycol, 2- (2-ethoxypropoxy) propanol, lactate methyl ester, lactate ethyl ester, lactate n-propyl ester, lactate n-butyl ester, lactic acid Isoamyl ester, and the like. Two types of
- the polymer other than the polymer as the component (A) the electrical properties such as the dielectric constant and conductivity of the liquid crystal aligning film Dielectric or conductive material for changing characteristics, silane coupling agent for improving adhesion between liquid crystal alignment film and substrate, crosslinkability for increasing hardness and density of liquid crystal alignment film
- an imidization accelerator for the purpose of efficiently proceeding imidization of the polyamic acid may be added.
- the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention is a coating film obtained by applying the liquid crystal aligning agent obtained as described above to a substrate, drying and baking, and the radiation obtained by polarizing the coating film surface almost linearly. Obtained by irradiation.
- the substrate to which the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention is applied is not particularly limited as long as it is a highly transparent substrate, and a glass substrate, a silicon nitride substrate, a plastic substrate such as an acrylic substrate or a polycarbonate substrate, or the like can be used. From the viewpoint of simplification of the process, it is preferable to use a substrate on which an ITO electrode or the like is formed.
- an opaque material such as a silicon wafer can be used as long as it is only on one side of the substrate.
- a material that reflects light such as aluminum can be used for the electrode.
- the method for applying the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention include a spin coating method, a printing method, and an ink jet method.
- any temperature and time can be selected.
- the contained organic solvent is sufficiently removed and dried at 50 ° C. to 120 ° C. for 1 to 10 minutes in order to imidize the polyamic acid as component (A), and then at 150 ° C. to 300 ° C. for 5 minutes. Baking for 120 minutes.
- the thickness of the coating film after baking is not particularly limited, but if it is too thin, the reliability of the liquid crystal display element may be lowered, and therefore it is 5 to 300 nm, preferably 10 to 200 nm.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention is particularly useful when used in a photo-alignment treatment method.
- a photo-alignment treatment method there is a method in which the surface of the coating film is irradiated with radiation polarized in a certain direction, and in some cases, a heat treatment is further performed at a temperature of 150 to 250 ° C. to impart liquid crystal alignment ability.
- the wavelength of radiation ultraviolet rays or visible rays having a wavelength of 100 nm to 800 nm can be used. Among these, ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 100 nm to 400 nm are preferable, and those having a wavelength of 200 nm to 400 nm are particularly preferable.
- radiation may be irradiated while heating the coated substrate at 50 to 250 ° C.
- Dose of the radiation is preferably in the range of 1 ⁇ 10,000mJ / cm 2, and particularly preferably in the range of 100 ⁇ 5,000mJ / cm 2.
- the liquid crystal alignment film produced as described above can stably align liquid crystal molecules in a certain direction.
- DA-1 (Formula (DA-1) below)
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- BCS Butyl cellosolve
- the molecular weight of the polyamic acid ester is measured by a GPC (normal temperature gel permeation chromatography) apparatus, and is a number average molecular weight (hereinafter also referred to as Mn) and a weight average molecular weight (hereinafter also referred to as Mw) as polyethylene glycol and polyethylene oxide equivalent values. ) was calculated.
- Mn number average molecular weight
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- GPC device manufactured by Shodex (GPC-101) Column: manufactured by Shodex (series of KD803 and KD805) Column temperature: 50 ° C Eluent: N, N-dimethylformamide (as additives, lithium bromide-hydrate (LiBr ⁇ H 2 O) 30 mmol / L, phosphoric acid / anhydrous crystals (o-phosphoric acid) 30 mmol / L, tetrahydrofuran) (THF) is 10 ml / L) Flow rate: 1.0 ml / min Standard sample for preparing calibration curve: TSK standard polyethylene oxide (weight average molecular weight (Mw) of about 900,000, 150,000, 100,000, 30,000) manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, and polymer laboratory Polyethylene glycol manufactured by the company (peak top molecular weight (Mp) of about 12,000, 4,000, 1,000). In order to avoid the overlapping of peaks, the measurement was performed by mixing four types of 900,000, 100,000, 12,000
- FFS fringe field switching
- a coating film having a thickness of 100 nm.
- the coated film surface was irradiated with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm through a polarizing plate to obtain a substrate with a liquid crystal alignment film.
- a coating film was similarly formed on a glass substrate having a columnar spacer having a height of 4 ⁇ m on which no electrode was formed as a counter substrate, and an orientation treatment was performed.
- the two substrates are combined as a set, a sealant is printed on the substrate, and the other substrate is bonded so that the liquid crystal alignment film faces and the alignment direction is 0 °, and then the sealant is added.
- An empty cell was produced by curing.
- Liquid crystal MLC-2041 manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc.
- VT characteristic voltage-transmittance characteristic
- the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a polyamic acid (PAA-2) solution.
- PAA-2 polyamic acid
- the viscosity of this polyamic acid solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. was 178 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 1 In a 20 ml sample tube containing a stir bar, 5.01 g of the polyamic acid solution (PAA-1) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was taken, 3.00 g of NMP, 2.01 g of BCS, and 0 of 1-butylimidazole. 0.04 g was added and stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes to obtain a liquid crystal aligning agent (A-1). (Example 2) In a 20-ml sample tube containing a stir bar, 5.02 g of the polyamic acid solution (PAA-1) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was taken, 3.01 g of NMP, 2.04 g of BCS, and 0 of 1-allylimidazole.
- Example 3 In a 20 ml sample tube containing a stir bar, 4.02 g of the polyamic acid solution (PAA-4) obtained in Synthesis Example 4 was taken, 4.00 g of NMP, 2.01 g of BCS, and 0 of 1-butylimidazole. 0.04 g was added and stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes to obtain a liquid crystal aligning agent (A-3).
- Example 4 In a 20 ml sample tube containing a stir bar, 5.02 g of the polyamic acid solution (PAA-1) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was taken, 3.01 g of NMP, 2.00 g of BCS, and 0 of 2-butylimidazole. 0.04 g was added and stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes to obtain a liquid crystal aligning agent (A-4).
- PAA-1 polyamic acid solution obtained in Synthesis Example 1
- Example 5 After the liquid crystal aligning agent (A-1) obtained in Example 1 was filtered through a 1.0 ⁇ m filter, an ITO electrode having a film thickness of 50 nm as a first layer was insulated on a glass substrate as a second layer. Glass on which an FFS driving electrode having a comb-like ITO electrode (electrode width: 3 ⁇ m, electrode interval: 6 ⁇ m, electrode height: 50 nm) is formed as a third layer, silicon nitride having a thickness of 500 nm as a film The substrate was applied by spin coating. After drying on an 80 ° C. hot plate for 5 minutes, baking was performed in a hot air circulation oven at 230 ° C.
- a coating film having a thickness of 100 nm.
- the surface of the coating film was irradiated with 1500 mJ / cm 2 of ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm through a polarizing plate to obtain a substrate with a liquid crystal alignment film. Further, a coating film was similarly formed on a glass substrate having a columnar spacer having a height of 4 ⁇ m on which no electrode was formed as a counter substrate, and an orientation treatment was performed.
- the two substrates are combined as a set, a sealant is printed on the substrate, and the other substrate is bonded so that the liquid crystal alignment film faces and the alignment direction is 0 °, and then the sealant is added.
- An empty cell was produced by curing.
- Liquid crystal MLC-2041 manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc.
- ⁇ V 50 was 2 mV.
- Example 6 An FFS drive liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal aligning agent (A-2) obtained in Example 2 was used. As a result of evaluating the AC drive burn-in characteristics of this FFS drive liquid crystal cell, ⁇ V 50 was 2 mV.
- Example 7 An FFS drive liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal aligning agent (A-3) obtained in Example 3 was used. As a result of evaluating the AC drive burn-in characteristics of this FFS drive liquid crystal cell, ⁇ V 50 was 0 mV.
- Example 8 An FFS drive liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal aligning agent (A-4) obtained in Example 4 was used. As a result of evaluating the AC drive burn-in characteristics of this FFS drive liquid crystal cell, ⁇ V 50 was 2 mV.
- Comparative Example 5 An FFS drive liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal aligning agent (B-1) obtained in Comparative Example 1 was used. As a result of evaluating the AC drive burn-in characteristics of this FFS drive liquid crystal cell, ⁇ V 50 was 4 mV.
- Example 9 Into a 20 ml sample tube containing a stir bar, 5.00 g of the polyamic acid solution (PAA-2) obtained in Synthesis Example 2 was taken, 3.02 g of NMP, 2.04 g of BCS, and 0 of 1-butylimidazole. 0.04 g was added and stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes to obtain a liquid crystal aligning agent (A-5). (Example 10) In a 20 ml sample tube containing a stir bar, 5.02 g of the polyamic acid solution (PAA-3) obtained in Synthesis Example 3 was taken, 3.00 g of NMP, 2.03 g of BCS, and 0 of 1-butylimidazole.
- Example 11 In a 20 ml sample tube containing a stir bar, 4.00 g of the polyamic acid solution (PAA-5) obtained in Synthesis Example 5 was taken, 2.01 g of NMP, 2.00 g of BCS, and 0 of 1-butylimidazole. 0.04 g was added and stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes to obtain a liquid crystal aligning agent (A-7).
- Example 12 An FFS drive liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal aligning agent (A-5) obtained in Example 9 was used. As a result of evaluating the AC drive burn-in characteristics of this FFS drive liquid crystal cell, ⁇ V 50 was 2 mV.
- Example 13 An FFS drive liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal aligning agent (A-6) obtained in Example 10 was used. As a result of evaluating the AC drive burn-in characteristics of this FFS drive liquid crystal cell, ⁇ V 50 was 2 mV.
- Example 14 An FFS driving liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal aligning agent (A-7) obtained in Example 11 was used and ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 254 nm were irradiated at 500 mJ / cm 2 . As a result of evaluating the AC drive burn-in characteristics of this FFS drive liquid crystal cell, ⁇ V 50 was 1 mV.
- the liquid crystal alignment film obtained from the liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention is particularly useful as a liquid crystal alignment film for an IPS drive type or FFS drive type liquid crystal display device or a liquid crystal television.
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Abstract
Description
IPS駆動方式やFFS駆動方式の液晶表示素子に用いられる液晶配向膜としては、優れた液晶配向性や電気特性などの基本特性に加えて、IPS駆動方式やFFS駆動方式の液晶表示素子において発生する交流駆動による残像の抑制が必要とされる。しかしながら、光配向法で得られる液晶配向膜は、液晶の配向規制力、及びその安定性が不十分であり、上記特性を満足することは困難であった。
1.下記の(A)成分、(B)成分及び有機溶媒を含有することを特徴とする液晶配向剤。
(A)成分:下記式(1)で表されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物を全テトラカルボン酸二無水物の60モル%以上含むテトラカルボン酸二無水物と、下記式(2)で表されるジアミン化合物及び(3)で表されるジアミン化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のジアミン化合物を全ジアミン化合物の60モル%以上含むジアミン化合物との重縮合反応から得られるポリアミック酸。
3.(B)成分の含有量が、(A)成分100質量部に対して、0.1~50質量部である上記1又は2に記載の液晶配向剤。
4.(A)成分を得るための上記式(1)で表されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物が、1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物及び1,3-ジメチル-1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のテトラカルボン酸二無水物である上記3のいずれかに記載の液晶配向剤。
5.(A)成分を得るためのジアミン化合物が、式(2)で表されるジアミン化合物を全ジアミン化合物の60モル%以上含むジアミン化合物である上記1~4のいずれかに記載の液晶配向剤。
6.(B)成分のイミダゾール誘導体が、1-プロピルイミダゾール、1-アリルイミダゾール、1-ブチルイミダゾール、2-プロピルイミダゾール、及び2-ブチルイミダゾールからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類である上記1~5に記載の液晶配向剤。
7.(B)成分のイミダゾール誘導体が、1-アリルイミダゾール、1-プロピルイミダゾール、及び1-ブチルイミダゾールからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類である上記1~5に記載の液晶配向剤。
8.(A)成分を得るためのジアミン化合物が、さらに下記式(DA-1)で表されるジアミン化合物を含む上記1~7に記載の液晶配向剤。
10.上記1~8のいずれかに記載の液晶配向剤を塗布、焼成し、さらに偏光された放射線を照射して得られる液晶配向膜。
以上のことから、本発明の液晶配向剤から得られる液晶配向膜は、高い液晶配向性を有し、IPS駆動方式やFFS駆動方式の液晶表示素子において発生する交流駆動による残像を抑制することができると考えられる。
本発明の液晶配向剤に含有する(A)成分は、下記式(1)で表されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物を全テトラカルボン酸二無水物の60モル%以上含むテトラカルボン酸二無水物と、下記式(2)及び(3)で表されるジアミン化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のジアミン化合物を全ジアミン化合物の60モル%以上含むジアミン化合物との重縮合反応から得られるポリアミック酸である。
チオエステル結合としては-C(O)S-、又は-SC(O)-で表される構造を示すことができる。
カーボネート結合としては、-O-C(O)-O-で表される構造を示すことができる。
上記式(7)で表されるジアミン化合物の使用量が多すぎると、液晶配向膜の液晶配向性を低下させるため、全テトラカルボン酸二無水物に対して0~40モル%が好ましく、0~20モル%がさらに好ましい。
本発明の(B)成分は、下記式(B-1)~(B-4)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のイミダゾール誘導体である。
(B)成分の含有量は、多すぎると、得られる液晶配向膜の液晶配向性を阻害することがあり、少なすぎると本発明の効果が充分に得られないことがある。そのため、(B)成分の含有量は、(A)成分100質量部に対して、0.1~50質量部が好ましく、0.1~20質量部がより好ましく、0.1~10質量部が特に好ましい。
本発明の液晶配向剤に用いられるポリアミック酸は、テトラカルボン酸二無水物とジアミンとの反応によって得ることができる。
具体的には、テトラカルボン酸二無水物とジアミンとを有機溶媒の存在下で-20℃~150℃、好ましくは0℃~50℃において、30分~24時間、好ましくは1~12時間反応させることによって合成できる。
本発明の液晶配向剤は、(A)成分と(B)成分が有機溶媒中に溶解された溶液の形態を有する。(A)成分であるポリアミック酸の分子量は、重量平均分子量で2,000~500,000が好ましく、より好ましくは5,000~300,000であり、さらに好ましくは、10,000~100,000である。また、数平均分子量は、好ましくは、1,000~250,000であり、より好ましくは、2,500~150,000であり、さらに好ましくは、5,000~50,000である。
本発明の液晶配向膜は、上記のようにして得られた液晶配向剤を基板に塗布し、乾燥、焼成して得られた塗膜であり、この塗膜面をほぼ直線に偏光した放射線を照射することで得られる。
本発明の液晶配向剤を塗布する基板としては透明性の高い基板であれば特に限定されず、ガラス基板、窒化珪素基板、アクリル基板やポリカーボネート基板等のプラスチック基板等を用いることができ、液晶駆動のためのITO電極等が形成された基板を用いることがプロセスの簡素化の点から好ましい。また、反射型の液晶表示素子では片側の基板のみにならばシリコンウエハー等の不透明な物でも使用でき、この場合の電極はアルミニウム等の光を反射する材料も使用できる。本発明の液晶配向剤の塗布方法としては、スピンコート法、印刷法、インクジェット法などが挙げられる。
光配向処理法の具体例としては、前記塗膜表面に、一定方向に偏光した放射線を照射し、場合によってはさらに150~250℃の温度で加熱処理を行い、液晶配向能を付与する方法が挙げられる。放射線の波長としては、100nm~800nmの波長を有する紫外線又は可視光線を用いることができる。このうち、100nm~400nmの波長を有する紫外線が好ましく、200nm~400nmの波長を有するものが特に好ましい。また、液晶配向性を改善するために、塗膜基板を50~250℃で加熱しつつ、放射線を照射してもよい。前記放射線の照射量は、1~10,000mJ/cm2の範囲にあることが好ましく、100~5,000mJ/cm2の範囲にあることが特に好ましい。
以上の様にして作製した液晶配向膜は、液晶分子を一定の方向に安定して配向させることができる。
以下に、本実施例及び比較例で使用した化合物の略号、及び各特性の測定方法は、以下のとおりである。
DA-1:(下記式(DA-1))
合成例において、ポリアミック酸エステル及びポリアミック酸溶液の粘度は、E型粘度計TVE-22H(東機産業社製)を用い、サンプル量1.1mL、コーンロータTE-1(1°34’、R24)、温度25℃で測定した。
[分子量]
また、ポリアミック酸エステルの分子量はGPC(常温ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー)装置によって測定し、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリエチレンオキシド換算値として数平均分子量(以下、Mnとも言う。)と重量平均分子量(以下、Mwとも言う。)を算出した。
GPC装置:Shodex社製(GPC-101)
カラム:Shodex社製(KD803、KD805の直列)
カラム温度:50℃
溶離液:N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(添加剤として、臭化リチウム-水和物(LiBr・H2O)が30mmol/L、リン酸・無水結晶(o-リン酸)が30mmol/L、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)が10ml/L)
流速:1.0ml/分
検量線作成用標準サンプル:東ソー社製 TSK 標準ポリエチレンオキサイド(重量平均分子量(Mw) 約900,000、150,000、100,000、30,000)、及び、ポリマーラボラトリー社製 ポリエチレングリコール(ピークトップ分子量(Mp)約12,000、4,000、1,000)。測定は、ピークが重なるのを避けるため、900,000、100,000、12,000、1,000の4種類を混合したサンプル、及び150,000、30,000、4,000の3種類を混合したサンプルの2サンプルを別々に測定。
ガラス基板上に、第1層目に電極として形状の膜厚50nmのITO電極を、第2層目に絶縁膜として形状の膜厚500nmの窒化珪素を、第3層目に電極として櫛歯形状のITO電極(電極幅:3μm、電極間隔:6μm、電極高さ:50nm)を有するフリンジフィールドスィッチング(Fringe Field Switching:以下、FFSという)駆動用電極が形成されているガラス基板に、スピンコート塗布にて液晶配向剤を塗布した。80℃のホットプレート上で5分間乾燥させた後、250℃の熱風循環式オーブンで60分間焼成を行い、膜厚100nmの塗膜を形成させた。この塗膜面に偏光板を介して、波長254nmの紫外線を照射し、液晶配向膜付き基板を得た。また、対向基板として電極が形成されていない高さ4μmの柱状スペーサーを有するガラス基板にも、同様に塗膜を形成させ、配向処理を施した。
このFFS駆動液晶セルの58℃の温度下でのV-T特性(電圧-透過率特性)を測定した後、±4V/120Hzの矩形波を4時間印加した。4時間後、電圧を切り、58℃の温度下で60分間放置した後、再度V-T特性を測定し、矩形波印加前後の透過率50%となる電圧の差(ΔV50)を算出した。
撹拌装置付き及び窒素導入管付きの3000mL四つ口フラスコに、NMPを1378g加えて、1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物を98.05g(0.502mol)添加した。このテトラカルボン酸二無水物のスラリー液を撹拌しながら、p-フェニレンジアミンを52.18g(0.483mol)添加し、更に固形分濃度が8質量%になるようにNMPを加え、室温で24時間撹拌してポリアミック酸(PAA-1)の溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は182mPa・sであった。また、このポリアミック酸の分子量はMn=18712、Mw=41702であった。
撹拌装置付き及び窒素導入管付きの100mL四つ口フラスコに、p-フェニレンジアミンを11.68g(0.108mol)及び4,4-ジアミノジフェニルエーテルを2.41g(0.0120mol)取り、NMPを340g加えて、窒素を送りながら撹拌し溶解させた。このジアミン溶液を撹拌しながら1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物を22.82g(0.116mol)添加し、更に固形分濃度が8質量%になるようにNMPを加え、室温で24時間撹拌してポリアミック酸(PAA-2)の溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は178mPa・sであった。また、このポリアミック酸の分子量はMn=14209、Mw=37227であった。
撹拌装置付き及び窒素導入管付きの500mL四つ口フラスコに、p-フェニレンジアミンを11.67g(0.108mol)及び4,4-ジアミノジフェニルエーテルを2.40g(0.0119mol)取り、NMPを341g加えて、窒素を送りながら撹拌し溶解させた。このジアミン溶液を撹拌しながら1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物を21.17g(0.108mol)添加し、NMPを38g加えて、室温で2時間撹拌した。次に、ピロメリット酸二無水物を1.83g(8.39mmol)加えて、更に固形分濃度が8質量%になるようにNMPを加え、室温で24時間撹拌してポリアミック酸(PAA-3)の溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は168mPa・sであった。また、このポリアミック酸の分子量はMn=15454、Mw=41309であった。
撹拌装置付き及び窒素導入管付きの1000mL四つ口フラスコに、p-フェニレンジアミンを19.46g(0.180mmol)及びDA-1を4.47g(0.0188mol)取り、NMPを502g加えて、窒素を送りながら撹拌し溶解させた。このジアミン溶液を撹拌しながら1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物を38.05g(0.194mol)添加し、更に固形分濃度が10質量%になるようにNMPを加え、室温で24時間撹拌してポリアミック酸(PAA-4)の溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は462mPa・sであった。また、このポリアミック酸の分子量はMn=16976、Mw=43749であった。
撹拌装置付き及び窒素導入管付きの1000mL四つ口フラスコに、p-フェニレンジアミンを45.96g(0.425mmol)及びDA-1を17.80g(0.075mol)取り、NMPを1390g加えて、窒素を送りながら撹拌し溶解させた。このジアミン溶液を撹拌しながら1,3-ジメチル-1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物を107.83g(0.481mol)添加し、更に固形分濃度が10質量%になるようにNMPを加え、室温で24時間撹拌してポリアミック酸(PAA-5)の溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は215mPa・sであった。また、このポリアミック酸の分子量はMn=12629、Mw=29521であった。
撹拌子を入れた20mlサンプル管に、合成例1で得られたポリアミック酸溶液(PAA-1)を5.01g取り、NMPを3.00g、BCSを2.01g、及び1-ブチルイミダゾールを0.04g加えて、マグネチックスターラーで30分間撹拌し液晶配向剤(A-1)を得た。
(実施例2)
撹拌子を入れた20mlサンプル管に、合成例1で得られたポリアミック酸溶液(PAA-1)を5.02g取り、NMPを3.01g、BCSを2.04g、及び1-アリルイミダゾールを0.04g加えて、マグネチックスターラーで30分間撹拌し液晶配向剤(A-2)を得た。
(実施例3)
撹拌子を入れた20mlサンプル管に、合成例4で得られたポリアミック酸溶液(PAA-4)を4.02g取り、NMPを4.00g、BCSを2.01g、及び1-ブチルイミダゾールを0.04g加えて、マグネチックスターラーで30分間撹拌し液晶配向剤(A-3)を得た。
(実施例4)
撹拌子を入れた20mlサンプル管に、合成例1で得られたポリアミック酸溶液(PAA-1)を5.02g取り、NMPを3.01g、BCSを2.00g、及び2-ブチルイミダゾールを0.04g加えて、マグネチックスターラーで30分間撹拌し液晶配向剤(A-4)を得た。
撹拌子を入れた20mlサンプル管に、合成例1で得られたポリアミック酸溶液(PAA-1)を5.01g取り、NMPを3.00g、BCSを2.01g、及び1-エチルイミダゾールを0.04g加えて、マグネチックスターラーで30分間撹拌し液晶配向剤(B-1)を得た。
(比較例2)
撹拌子を入れた20mlサンプル管に、合成例1で得られたポリアミック酸溶液(PAA-1)を5.00g取り、NMPを3.03g、BCSを2.02g、及び1-ベンゾイルイミダゾールを0.04g加えて、マグネチックスターラーで30分間撹拌し液晶配向剤(B-2)を得た。
(比較例3)
撹拌子を入れた20mlサンプル管に、合成例1で得られたポリアミック酸溶液(PAA-1)を5.01g取り、NMPを3.05g、BCSを2.00g、及び1-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)イミダゾールを0.04g加えて、マグネチックスターラーで30分間撹拌し液晶配向剤(B-3)を得た。
(比較例4)
撹拌子を入れた20mlサンプル管に、合成例1で得られたポリアミック酸溶液(PAA-1)を5.02g取り、NMPを3.00g、及びBCSを2.00g加えて、マグネチックスターラーで30分間撹拌し液晶配向剤(B-4)を得た。
実施例1で得られた液晶配向剤(A-1)を1.0μmのフィルターで濾過した後、ガラス基板上に、第1層目として膜厚50nmのITO電極を、第2層目として絶縁膜として膜厚500nmの窒化ケイ素を、第3層目として櫛歯形状のITO電極(電極幅:3μm、電極間隔:6μm、電極高さ:50nm)を有するFFS駆動用電極が形成されているガラス基板に、スピンコート塗布にて塗布した。80℃のホットプレート上で5分間乾燥させた後、230℃の熱風循環式オーブンで30分間焼成を行い、膜厚100nmの塗膜を形成させた。この塗膜面に偏光板を介して波長254nmの紫外線を1500mJ/cm2照射し、液晶配向膜付き基板を得た。また、対向基板として電極が形成されていない高さ4μmの柱状スペーサーを有するガラス基板にも、同様に塗膜を形成させ、配向処理を施した。
このFFS駆動液晶セルについて、交流駆動焼き付き特性を評価した結果、ΔV50は2mVであった。
実施例2で得られた液晶配向剤(A-2)を用いた以外は、実施例5と同様の方法でFFS駆動液晶セルを作製した。このFFS駆動液晶セルについて、交流駆動焼き付き特性を評価した結果、ΔV50は2mVであった。
(実施例7)
実施例3で得られた液晶配向剤(A-3)を用いた以外は、実施例5と同様の方法でFFS駆動液晶セルを作製した。このFFS駆動液晶セルについて、交流駆動焼き付き特性を評価した結果、ΔV50は0mVであった。
(実施例8)
実施例4で得られた液晶配向剤(A-4)を用いた以外は、実施例5と同様の方法でFFS駆動液晶セルを作製した。このFFS駆動液晶セルについて、交流駆動焼き付き特性を評価した結果、ΔV50は 2mVであった。
(比較例5)
比較例1で得られた液晶配向剤(B-1)を用いた以外は、実施例5と同様の方法でFFS駆動液晶セルを作製した。このFFS駆動液晶セルについて、交流駆動焼き付き特性を評価した結果、ΔV50は4mVであった。
(比較例6)
比較例2で得られた液晶配向剤(B-2)を用いた以外は、実施例5と同様の方法でFFS駆動液晶セルを作製した。このFFS駆動液晶セルについて、交流駆動焼き付き特性を評価した結果、ΔV50は4mVであった。
(比較例7)
比較例3で得られた液晶配向剤(B-3)を用いた以外は、実施例5と同様の方法でFFS駆動液晶セルを作製した。このFFS駆動液晶セルについて、交流駆動焼き付き特性を評価した結果、ΔV50は4mVであった。
(比較例8)
比較例4で得られた液晶配向剤(B-4)を用いた以外は、実施例5と同様の方法でFFS駆動液晶セルを作製した。このFFS駆動液晶セルについて、交流駆動焼き付き特性を評価した結果、ΔV50は5mVであった。
撹拌子を入れた20mlサンプル管に、合成例2で得られたポリアミック酸溶液(PAA-2)を5.00g取り、NMPを3.02g、BCSを2.04g、及び1-ブチルイミダゾールを0.04g加えて、マグネチックスターラーで30分間撹拌し液晶配向剤(A-5)を得た。
(実施例10)
撹拌子を入れた20mlサンプル管に、合成例3で得られたポリアミック酸溶液(PAA-3)を5.02g取り、NMPを3.00g、BCSを2.03g、及び1-ブチルイミダゾールを0.04g加えて、マグネチックスターラーで30分間撹拌し液晶配向剤(A-6)を得た。
(実施例11)
撹拌子を入れた20mlサンプル管に、合成例5で得られたポリアミック酸溶液(PAA-5)を4.00g取り、NMPを2.01g、BCSを2.00g、及び1-ブチルイミダゾールを0.04g加えて、マグネチックスターラーで30分間撹拌し液晶配向剤(A-7)を得た。
実施例9で得られた液晶配向剤(A-5)を用いた以外は、実施例5と同様の方法でFFS駆動液晶セルを作製した。このFFS駆動液晶セルについて、交流駆動焼き付き特性を評価した結果、ΔV50は2mVであった。
(実施例13)
実施例10で得られた液晶配向剤(A-6)を用いた以外は、実施例5と同様の方法でFFS駆動液晶セルを作製した。このFFS駆動液晶セルについて、交流駆動焼き付き特性を評価した結果、ΔV50は2mVであった。
(実施例14)
実施例11で得られた液晶配向剤(A-7)を用い、波長254nmの紫外線を500mJ/cm2照射し以外は、実施例5と同様の方法でFFS駆動液晶セルを作製した。このFFS駆動液晶セルについて、交流駆動焼き付き特性を評価した結果、ΔV50は1mVであった。
Claims (10)
- 下記の(A)成分、(B)成分及び有機溶媒を含有することを特徴とする液晶配向剤。
(A)成分:下記式(1)で表されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物を全テトラカルボン酸二無水物の60モル%以上含むテトラカルボン酸二無水物と、下記式(2)で表されるジアミン化合物及び(3)で表されるジアミン化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のジアミン化合物を全ジアミン化合物の60モル%以上含むジアミン化合物との重縮合反応から得られるポリアミック酸。
(B)成分:下記式(B-1)~(B-4)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のイミダゾール誘導体。
- (A)成分の含有量が1~10質量%である請求項1に記載の液晶配向剤。
- (B)成分の含有量が、(A)成分100質量部に対して、0.1~50質量部である請求項1又は2に記載の液晶配向剤。
- (A)成分を得るためのテトラカルボン酸二無水物が、1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物及び1,3-ジメチル-1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のテトラカルボン酸二無水物である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の液晶配向剤。
- (A)成分を得るためのジアミン化合物が、式(2)で表されるジアミン化合物を全ジアミン化合物の60モル%以上含むジアミン化合物である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の液晶配向剤。
- (B)成分のイミダゾール誘導体が、1-プロピルイミダゾール、1-アリルイミダゾール、1-ブチルイミダゾール、2-プロピルイミダゾール、及び2-ブチルイミダゾールからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類である請求項1~5に記載の液晶配向剤。
- (B)成分のイミダゾール誘導体が、1-アリルイミダゾール、1-プロピルイミダゾール、及び1-ブチルイミダゾールからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類である請求項1~5に記載の液晶配向剤。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の液晶配向剤を塗布、焼成して得られる液晶配向膜。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の液晶配向剤を塗布、焼成し、さらに偏光された放射線を照射して得られる液晶配向膜。
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KR20190085085A (ko) | 2017-02-28 | 2019-07-17 | 제이에스알 가부시끼가이샤 | 액정 배향제, 액정 배향막 및 그의 제조 방법, 액정 소자, 그리고 중합체 |
KR20190103397A (ko) | 2017-04-04 | 2019-09-04 | 제이에스알 가부시끼가이샤 | 액정 배향제, 액정 배향막 및 그의 제조 방법, 액정 소자, 중합체, 그리고 화합물 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20140035407A (ko) | 2014-03-21 |
JPWO2012176822A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
JP5979142B2 (ja) | 2016-08-24 |
CN103620488B (zh) | 2016-02-24 |
KR101848962B1 (ko) | 2018-04-13 |
TWI548677B (zh) | 2016-09-11 |
CN103620488A (zh) | 2014-03-05 |
TW201319122A (zh) | 2013-05-16 |
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