WO2012113412A1 - Method for producing electric power and aerodynamic power station for carrying out said method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of power engineering. The aerodynamic power station comprises wind wheels having a horizontal axis of rotation, and an electric generator connected to said wind wheels. The wind wheels are mounted on a rotary platform. The platform can rotate in a circular manner owing to the power drive mounted thereon. The platform and wind wheels are mounted in a housing. Aerodynamic elements obstructing the movement of an air medium are also mounted within the housing. The method for producing power comprises interaction of a surrounding medium with the wind wheels which are moved on a circular trajectory within the housing by means of the power drive. The invention makes it possible to remove the negative influence of external atmospheric conditions.

Description

 Method for the production of electricity and aerodynamic power station for its implementation

Technical field

The invention relates to energy, and more particularly to alternative energy, using air to rotate an axial-type wind wheel to produce electricity in an aerodynamic power station (AeroES), regardless of external atmospheric conditions. The invention can be used as a power plant for various vehicles.

State of the art

 In alternative energy, a wind power installation is known in which an air flow acts on an axial-type wind wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation [1] (see US Patent 1982} & 4330714). The movement of the air is converted by a wind wheel into torque and rotates an electric generator that generates electricity.

 The operability of a wind power installation [1] depends on:

• the presence of wind, in the absence of a wind power installation

 [1] cannot produce electricity,

• wind power, as when designing wind power plants, there is a problem in that, for different wind power, the same number of revolutions of the wind wheel is not provided, and there is also a risk that storm winds and hurricanes can lead to structural destruction; • the direction of the wind, which is constantly changing (for the production of electricity, an axial-type wind wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation is rotated perpendicular to the air flow vector using the plumage mounted on the bracket at some distance from the plane of rotation of the wind wheel [1]);

 • external atmospheric conditions (precipitation, temperature changes, causing icing of the structure, etc.).

There is a method where an axial-type wind wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation can rotate in the complete absence of wind [2] (see

SU1776871 A1, 1989). The wind wheel is driven into rotation in the air by jet engines, which are installed at the ends of the blades of this wind wheel [2].

 Although the method [2] and allows you to generate electricity by rotating the wind wheel in the complete absence of wind, but its performance also depends on:

 • wind forces, there is a problem of destruction from a storm wind and a hurricane,

 • the direction of the wind, which is constantly changing and for the production of electricity, an axial-type wind wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation is rotated perpendicular to the airflow vector using a wind orientation device [2],

• external atmospheric conditions (precipitation, temperature changes, causing icing of the structure, etc.).

The main disadvantage of this method [2] is that in the presence of wind, when forced rotation is not required wind wheels, jet engines are switched off and create additional aerodynamic, weight and centrifugal loads on the wind power installation. This leads to a forced increase in strength and weighting of the structure as a whole, a decrease in the aerodynamic characteristics of the wind wheel, which does not contribute to an increase in electricity production by means of air flow.

 A known method of generating energy and a device for its implementation [3] (see RU 2005908 C1, 1994), in which the device has a housing inside which an energy generator is installed, which is connected via a bevel gears to a vertical shaft on which a horizontal rotary platform is located. On the platform with the same pitch along its periphery, there are vertical cylinders with end disks rotating around their axes with the help of electric motors. Opposite each cylinder there is a confuser with an air pump having its own drive. When air blowers are operated in the form of fans near all cylinders, these rotating cylinders are blown by air flows passing through the respective confusers. In this case, the aforementioned platform under the influence of the Magnus effect rotates in air and transfers rotational energy to a generator located in a confined space of the device.

The disadvantage of this method is the difficulty of supplying energy to the fans and electric motors for rotating cylinders located on a rotating platform. It is possible to use electric batteries, but their power is limited. A known method of converting wind energy into electricity, which partially eliminates the above disadvantages [4] (see DE3713024A1 1987.).

 An axial-type wind wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation in order to ensure the production of electric energy is rotated perpendicular to the vector of the incoming air flow using a wind orientation device [4].

 The known method of converting the movement of air flow into electricity [4], adopted as a prototype, has a fairly simple design and allows for the production of electricity, regardless of the direction of the wind, but the operability of the known method [4] depends on:

· The presence and strength of the wind, which creates the problem of the destruction of the wind turbine by a storm wind and a hurricane;

 • the direction of the wind, which is constantly changing, and for the production of electricity, an axial-type wind wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation is turned perpendicular to the air movement vector using the wind orientation device;

 • external atmospheric conditions (precipitation, temperature changes, causing icing of the structure, etc.).

A significant drawback of the known method [4] also consists in the fact that when the wind wheels are turned perpendicular to the airflow vector, some wind wheels are in the active sector where electricity is generated, other wind wheels are at the same time in the passive sector where the wind wheels do not produce electricity. Disclosure of invention

The objective of the present invention is to develop a method that allows for the production of electricity by an axial-type wind wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation, and this invention differs from known technical solutions in that the production of electricity, due to the interaction of the wind-wheel with the air, does not depend on the presence and strength of the wind, its direction and other external atmospheric conditions. Another objective of the invention is the development of an aerodynamic power station (AeroES) to implement the proposed method, which allows to provide:

 • production of electric power by an axial-type wind wheel with complete calm;

 • the organization of constantly directed interaction of the wind wheel with the air, regardless of external atmospheric conditions;

 · Autonomy of work and the use of various energy sources for electricity production.

To solve these problems, it is necessary to create optimal conditions for a wind wheel to flow around the incoming air flow, regardless of the presence and strength of the wind. For this purpose, an axial-type wind wheel with a horizontal, or inclined, or vertical axis of rotation is moved with a constant angular velocity along a circular path inside the body of an aerodynamic power plant (AeroES). When a wind wheel moves in the air of the AeroES, an aerodynamic resistance is generated from the air of the AeroES, as a result of which the axial type wind wheel rotates about its longitudinal axis, creating a torque similar to that of an axial type wind wheel with a horizontal axis rotation of a conventional wind power installation installed motionless and when exposed to wind, i.e. moving relative to its air environment at a certain speed.

 As a result of the forward movement of the wind wheel along a circular path inside the AeroES, a torque is generated on the wind wheel shaft, which rotates the electric generator, generating electricity in a known manner.

 An aerodynamic power station contains at least one wind wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation, made with the possibility of receiving energy from interaction with the air environment of the AeroES and generating electric energy through an associated electric generator for transmission to the consumer. AeroES is characterized by the fact that the wind wheel is installed in the body of the aeroblock, which is mounted on a rotary platform, made with the possibility of circular rotation inside the aerodynamic power station, the longitudinal axis of rotation of the wind wheel is installed in any (horizontal, inclined or vertical) plane. On the body of the aerodynamic power station to ensure rotation of the platform with the aeroblock, a docking unit is installed to connect an external power drive acting from any energy source, which increases the autonomy of the AeroES. Aerodynamic surfaces are installed around the periphery of the power plant’s hull, which impede the movement of the air inside the AES caused by the movement of the aeroblock mounted on a rotating platform along a circular path.

 _ _

In the body of the aeroblock, in front of the wind turbine blades, guide vanes are installed that create an optimal flow angle for the incoming air flow for the wind turbine blades during its movements * ho of a circular trajectory inside the aerodynamic power plants.

 Straightening vanes can be installed behind the blades of the wind wheel in the body of the aeroblock, which ensure equalization of air flow after passing the blades of the wind wheel to reduce vortex formation and resistance to movement of the wind wheel, while a second axial type wind wheel can be installed behind the first wind wheel in the body of the air block, and straightening the blades of the first wind wheel serve as guide vanes of the second wind wheel.

 The guide, straightening blades and wind wheel blades in their cross section have an aerodynamic profile and can be made with aerodynamic and geometric twist, which makes it possible to evenly and optimally distribute aerodynamic forces along the entire length of the blades, and this ensures the creation of the maximum possible torque on the generator shaft to increase production electricity.

 Guide, straightening blades and blades of the wind wheel are mounted in the body of the aerodynamic block in close proximity to each other with minimal gaps in the axial and radial directions, which allows to reduce the length of the aeroblock and, accordingly, the magnitude of aerodynamic losses during movement of the aeroblock with the wind wheel.

энергии (электроэнергии) для электрического привода через вал электродвигателя, обеспечивающего движение аэроблока, закрепленного на вращающейся платформе, могут быть солнечные панели, электрохимические генераторы, электроаккумуляторные батареи и т.п. При альтернативе могут использоваться источники энергии такие как: гидропривод, пневмоаккумуляторы, механический привод, гужевой привод, например, с использованием конной тяги и т.п. Краткое описание чертежей

energy (electricity) for an electric drive through the shaft of an electric motor, providing the movement of an aeroblock mounted on a rotating platform, there may be solar panels, electrochemical generators, electroaccumulator batteries, etc. Alternatively, energy sources can be used such as hydraulic drive, pneumatic accumulators, mechanical drive, horse-drawn drive, for example, using horse drawn traction, etc. Brief Description of the Drawings

The drawings schematically depict an aerodynamic power station (AeroES) for implementing the proposed method:

Figure 1 is a side view and a section of an aerodynamic power plant in a mode of operation from solar energy;

 Figure 2 is a side view and a section of an aerodynamic power plant in a mode of operation from a mechanical power drive (horse traction);

 Fig.Z - section of an aerodynamic power plant when viewed from above; Figure 4 is a side view and a section of an aeroblock installed in an aerodynamic power plant.

The best embodiment of the invention

The aerodynamic power station (AeroES) for implementing the proposed method includes a housing 1, inside which aerodynamic blocks are located 2. The AeroES housing can be configured to place solar panels 3 on its surface to convert solar energy into electricity and / or a docking unit for mounting an electric drive 4. The basis of the design of the aerodynamic block 2 of the AeroES is an axial-type wind wheel (a) with a horizontal axis of rotation 5. The axis of rotation of the wind wheel can be installed in th izontalnoy plane as shown in FIG. 1, either vertically or in an inclined plane when using transmissions of the appropriate type. The aeroblock 2 is mounted on the turntable 6 at a certain radius from the vertical axis of rotation 7 of the turntable 6. The rotation of the platform 6 is carried out either from an electric motor 8, the voltage of which comes from any source of electricity, for example, from solar panels 3, or an electric drive 4, for example , horse traction type. The number of aeroblocks 2 is determined depending on the size of the platform 6, the diameter of the wind wheels 5 and the characteristics of the power drive or electric drive.

 When the aeroblock 2 moves inside the AeroES with a constant angular velocity, the speed of interaction of the air environment of the AeroES with the moving wind wheel 5 set in magnitude and constant in direction is achieved, but the inertial and aerodynamic forces cause the air inside the station to move in the direction of rotation of the aeroblocks 2. In connection with this, aerodynamic surfaces 9 are installed on the housing 1 inside the AeroES at the periphery, preventing the air from moving when the aeroblocks 2 move along a circular path relative to about the vertical axis 7 of the turntable 6. The number and size of aerodynamic surfaces 9 is determined based on the energy and geometric parameters of the designed AeroES.

 The design of the aeroblock 2 consists of guide (straightening) blades 10, an axial-type wind turbine 5 with a horizontal axis of rotation, an electric generator 11 on the shaft 12 of which the wind-wheels 5 are rigidly fixed.

According to the claimed method AeroES operates as follows. When power is supplied to the electric motor 8 or torque through the electric drive 4, the rotary platform 6 carries out rotation around its vertical axis 7 inside the housing 1 of the AeroES. When the turntable 6 moves along a circular path, the air medium inside the AeroES, interacting with the aeroblock 2, creates aerodynamic resistance to it with the speed of the aeroblock 2. The incoming air flow enters the aeroblock 2, where through the stationary guide vanes 10 it acquires the necessary optimal angle with which it acts on the blades of the wind wheel 5, providing its rotation, similar to the rotation of a gas turbine of an air-jet engine, when the air-gas flow passes through the axial turbine type with a horizontal axis of rotation (see p. 17 "Theory and design of aircraft blade machines." To V. Kholshchevnikov. Moscow, Engineering: 1970 [5]).

 The torque from its rotation of the wind wheel 5 passes to the generator 11 through the shaft 12, with which it is rigidly fixed. The electric power thus obtained at generator 11 is then transferred through wires to electric batteries of the AeroES electric power and / or to the consumer via external wires of the power line, or via an electric cable under the power station.

 To increase the production of electricity during the interaction of the incident air flow with the wind wheel 5, in the design of the aeroblock 2, straightening vanes 10 are installed behind the first wind wheel 5, which at the same time act as guide vanes to organize the optimal angle of air flow direction to the second axial-type wind wheel with horizontal _

axis of rotation 5, similar to the design of a two-stage gas turbine (see page 516) [5].

The number of wind wheels 5 may be different, based on the projected energy and geometric parameters of the AeroES. Industrial applicability

The application of the proposed method and device of an aerodynamic power station (AeroES) for its implementation allows you to generate electricity with complete calm and regardless of external atmospheric conditions using renewable energy sources, and to ensure the autonomy of electricity production. The proposed method allows to obtain the specified and optimal speed of interaction of the air with the wind wheel inside the AeroES for the production of electricity, regardless of the direction and strength of the wind.

 In hard-to-reach, mountainous, rural and remote areas, as well as in emergency and emergency situations (natural disasters, earthquakes, lack of hydrocarbon fuels, etc.) the use of a mechanical power drive, horse-drawn (horse drawn), electricity production at the AeroES can become one of the only possible ways to ensure and organize the necessary activities for life and solving the required tasks.

 The invention can also be used as a power plant for various vehicles, ensuring the production of electricity necessary and sufficient for the electric drive of various propulsion devices (wheels for land transport, propellers for water transport, fan fans for air transport, etc.).

Claims

 Claim ₅ 1. The wind power AeroES. containing at least one wind wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation, made with the possibility of receiving energy from interaction with the air and generating through the associated electric generator of electrical energy for transmission to the consumer, characterized in 10  that the wind wheel is installed in the body of the aeroblock, mounted on a rotary platform made with the possibility of circular rotation inside the body of the AeroES, the longitudinal axis of rotation of the wind wheel is installed in any plane - horizontal, ¹⁵ inclined or vertical, while on the AeroES building to rotate the aeroblock on a rotary platform, an electric drive is installed from various types of energy sources to increase the autonomy of the AESO for electricity production, and inside the AeroES building 20 aerodynamic elements are installed, the surfaces of which impede the movement of the air inside the AeroES in the direction of rotation of the aeroblock when it moves along a circular path by creating aerodynamic drag directed to ₂₅ opposite to the movement of the aeroblock.  2. The aerodynamic power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that guide vanes are installed in the body of the aeroblock in front of the blades of the wind wheel, which create the optimal air flow angle of the wind wheel blades when it  circular motion. 3. The aerodynamic power plant according to claim 1, 2, characterized in that straightening vanes can be installed behind the blades of the wind wheel in the body of the aeroblock, ensuring alignment the air flow after passing the blades of the wind wheel to reduce vortex formation and resistance to movement of the wind wheel, while the second axial wind wheel is installed in the aeroblock body behind the first wind wheel, and the straightening blades of the first wind wheel serve as guide vanes of the second wind wheel.  4. Aerodynamic power plant according to any one of paragraphs 1-3, characterized in that the guide, straightening blades and blades of the wind wheel in their cross section have  aerodynamic profile. 5. Aerodynamic power plant according to any one of paragraphs 1-4, characterized in that the guide, straightening blades and wind wheel blades are made with aerodynamic and geometric ⁵ twist for uniform and optimal distribution of aerodynamic forces along the entire length of the blades and thereby ensure the creation of the maximum possible torque shaft of an electric generator for generating electricity. 0 6. The aerodynamic power plant according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 5, characterized in that the guide, straightening blades and wind wheel blades are fixed in the aeroblock body in close proximity to each other with minimal gaps in axial and radial directions to reduce the length of the aeroblock and, accordingly , values of aerodynamic losses during the movement of a wind wheel.  7. The aerodynamic power plant according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 6, characterized in that the electric drive for rotating the aeroblock on the turntable is electric. 8. The aerodynamic power station according to claim 7, characterized in that the energy source for the electric power drive is in the form of an electric motor shaft for the movement of the aeroblock on a rotary platform is solar energy. ^fourteen  9. The aerodynamic power station according to claim 7, characterized in that the energy source for the electric power drive is in the form of an electric motor shaft for the movement of the aeroblock on a rotary platform ₅ are electrochemical generators,  10. The aerodynamic power station according to claim 7, characterized in that the source of energy for the electric power drive in the form of an electric motor shaft for the movement of the aeroblock on a rotary platform are electric storage batteries.  10  11. Aerodynamic power station according to any one of paragraphs 1-6, characterized in that the power drive for rotating the aeroblock on a rotary platform is hydraulic. 12. The aerodynamic power station according to any one of paragraphs 1-6, ^15, characterized in that the pneumatic accumulators are the electric drive for rotating the aeroblock on the rotary platform.  13. The aerodynamic power station according to any one of paragraphs 1-6, characterized in that the drive for rotating the aeroblock on The 20 turntable is mechanical.  14. The aerodynamic power station according to any one of paragraphs 1-6, characterized in that the power drive for rotating the aeroblock on a rotary platform is horse-drawn, for example, using _ horse traction. 25  15. A method of generating electricity using AeroES according to paragraphs 1-14, which includes the interaction of the environment with a wind wheel moving along a circular path connected to an electric generator, with at least one wind wheel thirty "  they are moved by means of an electric drive with a constant angular velocity along a circular path inside the AeroES building in order to eliminate the influence of any external atmospheric conditions on electricity production.