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WO2012076605A1 - Interrupteur à chambre d'extinction - Google Patents

Interrupteur à chambre d'extinction Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012076605A1
WO2012076605A1 PCT/EP2011/072095 EP2011072095W WO2012076605A1 WO 2012076605 A1 WO2012076605 A1 WO 2012076605A1 EP 2011072095 W EP2011072095 W EP 2011072095W WO 2012076605 A1 WO2012076605 A1 WO 2012076605A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switch
contact
arc
extinguishing
magnets
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/072095
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Volker Lang
Lutz Friedrichsen
Original Assignee
Eaton Industries Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eaton Industries Gmbh filed Critical Eaton Industries Gmbh
Publication of WO2012076605A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012076605A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/443—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/346—Details concerning the arc formation chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle
    • H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle for interrupting DC

Definitions

  • the invention relates to switches with extinguishing devices for the rapid extinction of an arc during the separation process.
  • Electrical switches are components in a circuit which establish an electrically conductive connection by means of internal electrically conductive contacts (switching state “ON” or ON state) or disconnecting (switching state “OFF”, or OFF state)
  • switching state "ON” or ON state or ON state
  • switching state "OFF" switching state
  • Non-conductive medium such as air Arcs in AC-powered switches usually clear at zero crossing of the AC current
  • Arc voltage is significantly smaller than the operating voltage. If the circuit is operated with sufficient current and voltage (typically greater than 1 A and greater than 50V), the arc will not extinguish by itself. For this purpose, extinguishing chambers are used to extinguish the arc in such switches.
  • the arc time time in which the arc burns
  • the arc time should be kept as small as possible, because the arc releases a large amount of heat, which leads to the burning of the contacts and / or the thermal load of the switching chamber in the switch and thus reduces the life of the switch. Therefore, it is important that this arc is extinguished quickly.
  • Extinction of an arc is typically accelerated by the use of a magnetic field that is poled to be a driving force on the arc in Direction of the blasting chambers.
  • the size of the driving force depends on the strength of the magnet or magnets.
  • a switch suitable for a polarity-independent single-pole DC operation with a switching chambers comprising a double breaker with two separate immovable contacts each having a first contact region, a movable electrically conductive contact piece with two second contact regions for respectively producing an electrically conductive connection between the first and second contact areas in the ON state of the switch and for disconnecting the first and second contact areas in the OFF state of the switch; at least two first extinguishing devices opposed to each other, which are connected to the first contact area of at least one of the two stationary contacts for extinguishing at least the arc that may occur between the first and second contact areas when the OFF state is established; and at least two magnets for generating a magnetic field at least in the region of these first and second contact regions for exerting a magnetic force on at least one of the arcs, so that at least one of the arcs is driven in the arc at least in the direction of one of the first extinguishing devices, regardless of the current direction wherein the contact piece
  • the switch according to The present invention has a fast, reliable and independent of the current direction erase behavior and therefore prevents polarization-related installation errors and is thus also suitable for applications where switches for both current directions are needed.
  • the term "substantially” in the present invention includes all embodiments that deviate less than 10% from the setpoint or mean.
  • a switch according to the present invention comprises any type of switches suitable for single-pole operation with a switching chamber having two immovable contacts which can be electrically closed by a movable contact piece. Examples of these switches are contactors, load-break switches or string breakers.
  • the switch is suitable for DC operation, but could also be used in AC operation.
  • the switch according to the invention allows a cost-effective design of the contact space for the contact piece.
  • a DC switch can be cost-effectively derived from an AC switch.
  • the polarity-independent DC operation refers to the operation of the switch in a DC circuit, wherein it does not depend on the current direction in the switch for the rapid erasure of the arcs in the switch.
  • arcs may occur between the first and second contact regions of the switching chamber, in which the current can flow from the first to the second contact region or vice versa.
  • Double breakers are here the mechanical components that lead to a double interruption of a circuit.
  • the double interrupters each have two first and two second contact areas at which each (twice) the power is interrupted in the OFF state.
  • the first and second denote
  • the first contacts and the first and second contact areas and the contact piece are made of an electrically conductive material. To close the contacts (ON state), the contact piece with the second contact areas on the moved first contact areas.
  • the first and second contact areas may be subareas of the stationary contacts or the contact piece, or separate
  • the above movement is along a movement axis of the contact piece perpendicular to the surfaces of the contact areas.
  • the contact piece is for example in a bridge assembly, preferably made of plastic, movably supported by a spring, which also exerts the necessary contact pressure in the ON state of the switch.
  • the movement axis of the contact piece is aligned substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the arc in the extinguishing devices.
  • the switch is opened by moving the contact piece in the opposite direction.
  • the movement of the contact piece can be done manually or electrically.
  • the first and second contact areas may differ in shape and material.
  • the areas of the first and second contact areas can vary between extended areas and punctiform contacts.
  • the material of the contact areas may be any suitable electrically conductive material, for example
  • Silver tin oxide be.
  • the switch according to the invention with a switching chamber, in which the movable contact piece is arranged so that the second contact areas in a line in Substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of at least one of the arcs are located, additional free volume around the contact area available to the
  • the term "eraser” refers to any suitable means for extinguishing an arc, such as heatsinks or quenching chambers
  • the first erasing device is a quenching chamber.
  • a quenching chamber comprises a plurality of quenching plates, which are preferably arranged in the quenching chamber parallel to each other.
  • the quenching plates are for example V-shaped.
  • the arc is divided in such a quenching chamber into a plurality of partial arcs
  • the required minimum voltage for maintaining the arc is proportional to the number of extinguishing plates present in the quenching chamber, whereby the voltage required to maintain the arc exceeds the available voltage, which leads to the extinction of the arc.
  • the quenching plates are held in an insulating material.
  • the magnetic field exerts the driving force on the arcs. The bigger the
  • a very strong permanent magnetic field may be provided by a permanent magnet which is, for example, a rare earth magnet.
  • rare earth magnets are made of NdFeB or SmCo alloy. These materials have a high coercive force and therefore also allow, for example, a provision of the magnets as very thin plates, which allows a more compact design of the switch.
  • the time until the arc is forced into the quenching chambers depends on the magnetic field strength and the homogeneity of the Magnetic field off.
  • the permanent magnets are preferably arranged so that they have a magnetic field perpendicular to the current flow in the arc and perpendicular to the desired
  • the shape of the magnets can be suitably chosen within the scope of the invention by a person skilled in the art.
  • the magnets are preferably arranged as pairs of two magnets each, the number of magnets is thus preferably two or more times thereof in a switch.
  • the magnets comprise at least two plate-shaped magnets, preferably permanent magnets, whose surfaces are arranged parallel to one another.
  • the surfaces of the magnets are arranged parallel to the desired direction of movement of the arcs.
  • the magnets are preferably arranged so that they generate a substantially homogeneous magnetic field along the direction of movement of the arcs.
  • the magnet is a permanent magnet.
  • the term "substantially” in the present invention encompasses all embodiments which deviate less than 10% from the nominal value or mean value
  • the magnets extend at least as far as the extinguishing devices or even over
  • the magnets are arranged laterally outside of the arrangement of the switching chambers (in a plane or on top of each other or in another arrangement) in that they generate a substantially homogeneous magnetic field at least in the region of one of the first and second contact regions of the double interrupters of a plurality of switching chambers.
  • first arc guide plates are arranged in the switching chamber such that they extend in two opposite directions from at least one of the first contact areas and the corresponding second contact area to the first extinguishing chambers arranged at the end of the arc guide plates (6).
  • the term "extend" here comprises the possibilities that the arc guide plates protrude to the respective extinguishing chambers without being directly fixedly connected thereto or else a firm connection of the arc guide plates to the contact areas or the extinguishing chambers
  • the first contact areas are firmly connected, thus avoiding obstacles to the movement of the arc, such as air gaps, at least for the immovable contacts
  • Extinguishing chamber includes any type of components that are suitable to bring an arc to extinguish.
  • these include a plurality of quenching plates between the first arc guide plates, both in the
  • Extinguishing chamber are arranged parallel to each other.
  • a Lorenz force is preferably applied to it by the magnets until it enters the extinguishing devices. If the size within the switch is sufficient, it is therefore advantageous to arrange the permanent magnets as close as possible to the first extinguishing chambers or even laterally beyond the first extinguishing chambers.
  • the quenching plates and the first Lichtbogenleitbleche are supported in an insulating material, which may also be the material to which the Lichtbogenleitbleche are attached.
  • the arc guide plates can have any shape which is suitable for guiding the arc into the first extinguishing chambers.
  • the arc guide plates can also be designed as a stamped and bent part.
  • the thickness and width of the arc guide plates can also vary.
  • the distance between the lower and the upper of the first arc guide plates can grow with increasing distance to the first and second contacts.
  • the magnets extend at least along the first arc guide plates to the first extinguishing chambers, preferably beyond the first extinguishing chambers.
  • the switching chamber comprises two further second deletion devices, which are connected to the contact area of the other stationary contact for extinguishing the arc between the other first and second contact areas.
  • the term "extinguishing device” here refers to any suitable means for extinguishing an arc, for example cooling plates or extinguishing chambers
  • the second extinguishing device is an extinguishing chamber
  • the second extinguishing chamber may have a similar or the same basic structure as the first extinguishing chamber and optionally the parts In this arrangement, the arc is forced between one of the first and second contact areas in one of the first extinguishing chambers and the other arc between the other first and second contact areas in one of the second extinguishing chambers of the switch with a reverse current direction, the erase behavior would look exactly the same, except that then the one
  • second arc baffles are arranged in the switching chamber so that they extend in two opposite directions from the first contact region of the other immovable contact and the corresponding other second contact region of the movable contact to the second quenching chambers arranged at the end of the arc baffle plates.
  • the movement axis of the contact piece extends here between the first and second arc guide plates.
  • the magnets are arranged laterally outside the switching chamber so that they generate a substantially homogeneous magnetic field in the region of the two first and second contact regions of the double breaker.
  • the extinguishing clips have smaller dimensions than extinguishing chambers for double interrupters with a movable contact piece, which is arranged parallel to light arc guide plates.
  • the size of the first and second extinguishing chambers may be smaller in the presence of second extinguishing chambers than in the first extinguishing chamber alone.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a switch in side view.
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of a switch in plan view.
  • FIG. 3 shows the embodiment of a switch according to FIG. 2 in a perspective view.
  • the switching chamber 11 has a
  • the double breaker has first
  • the switch has two extinguishing chambers 41, 42 as the first in this embodiment
  • Extinguishing devices for extinguishing the arc 5 which occurs when the OFF state ZA is established between the first and second contact regions 21, 31.
  • the arc 5 is supplemented with a double arrow I, which represents the two possible current directions in the arc, in a polarity of the switch from the first contact region 21 to the second contact region 31 and at an opposite polarity from the second contact region 31 to the first contact region 21.
  • a Lorenz force acts on the arc in the direction of a first quenching chamber 41 or in the direction of the other first quenching chamber 42.
  • the other arc is not shown here in detail.
  • the two first extinguishing chambers per switching chamber are shown in FIG. 1 as two first extinguishing chambers 41, 42.
  • the two magnets 81, 82 arranged inside the switch for generating a magnetic field M here extend from the first and second contact regions 21, 31 to the first extinguishing chambers 41, 42 and are designed as plate-shaped magnets 81, 82 with mutually parallel surfaces. For reasons of clarity, only the rear magnet 82 is shown here as the magnetic north pole (N), the front magnet 81 (south pole S) is not visible.
  • the magnets 81, 82 generate a magnetic field with a corresponding magnetic field direction M between the magnets 81, 82.
  • a substantially homogeneous magnetic field is generated up to the first quenching chambers 41, 42 and thus over the entire moving distance T of the arc for this stationary contact 2 a strong magnetic force F is provided to rapidly extinguish this arc.
  • the two first extinguishing chambers 41, 42 ensure that at least the front arc 5 is driven in the direction of one of the extinguishing chambers 41, 42 independently of the direction of flow I in the arc. Which of the extinguishing chambers 41, 42 deletes the respective arc depends on the field direction of the magnetic field and the current direction I in the arc 5 and the resulting direction of the Lorenzkraft F on the arc 5 from.
  • Arc guide plates 6 extending in two opposite directions from the first
  • the bridge assembly 3 serves to move the contact piece 30 with a bridge 34 for guiding the contact piece 30 and for electrical insulation against the rest
  • the bridge assembly 3 may for example be made of plastic, so that the electrical insulation is ensured to the rest of the switching chamber 11.
  • the contact piece 30 of the switching chamber 11 is arranged such that the second contact regions 31, 32 are located in a line substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement T of the electric arc 5.
  • the terminals 12 are used to connect the switching chamber 11 to a circuit.
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the switch according to the present invention in plan view.
  • the components denoted by “12" are the two terminals 12 of the switching chamber 11 for connecting the switching chamber 11 to a circuit
  • the switching chamber 11 comprises two more second opposite each other second decommissioning devices 43, 44 which are connected to the contact region 22 of the other stationary contact 2 for extinguishing the other arc between the other first and second contact regions 22, 32, whereby the second
  • Extinguishing devices are here designed as extinguishing chambers 43, 44. There are second
  • Arc guide plates 7 are arranged in the switching chamber 11 so that they extend in two opposite directions from the first contact portion 22 of the other stationary contact 2 and the corresponding other second contact portion 32 of the movable contact to the arranged at the end of the Lichtbogenleitbleche 7 second extinguishing chambers 43, 44 , At the two contact portions 21, 31 and 22, 32 and along the Lichtbogenleitbleche 6 and 7, a pair of plate-shaped magnets 81, 82 are arranged, wherein the magnets 81 represent the respective magnetic south pole and the magnets 82, the respective magnetic north pole. On the representation of the arcs was made
  • Clarity omitted. The arcs move between the
  • Arc guide plates along the direction of movement T (dashed arrow) as a function of the magnetic field direction M and the current direction I in the arcs in each one of the first and second extinguishing chambers 41, 42, 43, 44th Fig. 3 shows the same embodiment as in Fig. 2, here, however, as a perspective view.
  • the extinguishing chambers 41, 42, 43, 44 have extinguishing plates 9 for extinguishing the arcs in the extinguishing chambers, as shown by way of example in FIGS. 1-3.
  • the number of quenching plates 9 may vary.
  • magnets preferably permanent magnets

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un interrupteur convenant à un fonctionnement unipolaire et présentant un comportement en extinction d'arcs électriques, rapide et indépendant de la polarité respective. Ledit interrupteur comprend une chambre de commutation comportant un rupteur double doté de deux contacts non mobiles (2) séparés présentant chacun une première zone de contact (21, 22), un plot de contact (30) mobile électroconducteur présentant deux secondes zones de contact (31, 32) pour établir respectivement une connexion électroconductrice entre les premières et secondes zones de contact (21, 22, 31, 32) lorsque l'interrupteur (1) est en MARCHE et pour séparer les premières et secondes zone de contact (21, 22, 31, 32) lorsque l'interrupteur (1) est à l'ARRÊT. Ledit interrupteur comprend également au moins deux premiers dispositifs d'extinction (41, 42) disposés de manière opposée l'un à l'autre, qui sont reliés à la première zone de contact (21) d'au moins un des deux contacts non mobiles (2) pour éteindre le au moins un arc électrique (5) qui risque de se former lors de l'établissement de l'état ARRÊT entre la première et la seconde zone de contact (21, 31). Ledit interrupteur comprend en outre au moins deux aimants (71, 72) pour produire un champ magnétique (M) au moins dans la région de la première et de la seconde zone de contact (21, 31) afin d'exercer une force magnétique (F) sur au moins un des arcs électriques (5), de sorte qu'au moins un des arcs électriques (5) soit entraîné au moins en direction d'un des dispositifs d'extinction (41, 42), indépendamment du sens du courant (I) dans l'arc électrique (5). Le plot de contact (30) des chambres de commutation (11a, 11b) est disposé de sorte que les secondes zones de contact (31, 32) se situent sur une ligne sensiblement perpendiculaire au sens de mouvement (T) d'au moins un des arcs électriques (5).
PCT/EP2011/072095 2010-12-07 2011-12-07 Interrupteur à chambre d'extinction WO2012076605A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10194016A EP2463879A1 (fr) 2010-12-07 2010-12-07 Commutateur doté d'une chambre d'extinction
EP10194016.1 2010-12-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012076605A1 true WO2012076605A1 (fr) 2012-06-14

Family

ID=43980766

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2011/072095 WO2012076605A1 (fr) 2010-12-07 2011-12-07 Interrupteur à chambre d'extinction

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2463879A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012076605A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016083357A1 (fr) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif de commutation
CN108417429A (zh) * 2018-03-20 2018-08-17 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 旋转式电气开关
CN108417450A (zh) * 2018-04-28 2018-08-17 天津京人电器有限公司 单断点直动式接触器
WO2018184727A1 (fr) 2017-04-06 2018-10-11 Schaltbau Gmbh Commutateur à couvercle de contact

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2597665A1 (fr) * 2011-11-24 2013-05-29 Eaton Industries GmbH Commutateur pour courant continu doté d'au moins une chambre de commutation
FR3134224B1 (fr) * 2022-03-29 2024-05-03 Safran Electrical & Power Contacteur bidirectionnel double pole à double coupure à champs magnétiques inversés

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1541532A (fr) * 1966-10-22 1968-10-04 Siemens Ag Dispositif d'extinction de l'arc électrique pour appareils de commutation à courant continu
EP0473013A2 (fr) * 1990-08-29 1992-03-04 Eaton Corporation Appareil de commutation de courant continu, bidirectionnel et avec des chambres d'extinction utilisées alternativement selon la polarité appliquée à cet appareil

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1541532A (fr) * 1966-10-22 1968-10-04 Siemens Ag Dispositif d'extinction de l'arc électrique pour appareils de commutation à courant continu
EP0473013A2 (fr) * 1990-08-29 1992-03-04 Eaton Corporation Appareil de commutation de courant continu, bidirectionnel et avec des chambres d'extinction utilisées alternativement selon la polarité appliquée à cet appareil

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016083357A1 (fr) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif de commutation
DE102014117497A1 (de) 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Schaltvorrichtung
CN107004520A (zh) * 2014-11-28 2017-08-01 伊顿电气Ip两合公司 开关装置
US10049827B2 (en) 2014-11-28 2018-08-14 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Switching device
CN109585189A (zh) * 2014-11-28 2019-04-05 伊顿电气Ip两合公司 开关装置
CN109585189B (zh) * 2014-11-28 2020-05-08 伊顿电气Ip两合公司 开关装置
WO2018184727A1 (fr) 2017-04-06 2018-10-11 Schaltbau Gmbh Commutateur à couvercle de contact
DE102017107441A1 (de) 2017-04-06 2018-10-11 Schaltbau Gmbh Schaltgerät mit Kontaktabdeckung
CN108417429A (zh) * 2018-03-20 2018-08-17 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 旋转式电气开关
CN108417429B (zh) * 2018-03-20 2024-05-17 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 旋转式电气开关
CN108417450A (zh) * 2018-04-28 2018-08-17 天津京人电器有限公司 单断点直动式接触器

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