WO2012038620A1

WO2012038620A1 - Device for storing and delivering energy

Info

Publication number: WO2012038620A1
Application number: PCT/FR2011/000519
Authority: WO
Inventors: Fernand Scherrer
Original assignee: Fernand Scherrer
Priority date: 2010-09-24
Filing date: 2011-09-23
Publication date: 2012-03-29
Also published as: FR2965340A1; FR2965340B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to an energy storage and delivery device (1) for storing and delivering energy such as, for example, at least some of the surplus energy produced by all types of electricity generating stations during off-peak hours or during overproduction, characterized in that it comprises at least one internal block (3) having a high thermal capacity, at least a first array of electrical heating cables (5) and at least a second array of heat recovery pipes (6), said first and second arrays being inserted directly into said internal block (3) during the manufacture thereof. The present invention also relates to a heating installation comprising at least one energy storage and recovery device (1) according to the invention.

Description

ENERGY ACCUMULATION AND RESTITUTION DEVICE

Technical area

The present invention relates to an energy storage and retrieval device for storing and restoring energy such as, for example, at least a portion of the surplus energy produced by all existing types of power plants. electricity during off-peak hours such as the hours of the night during which the need for electrical energy of individual or professional consumers is less and also during hours of overproduction. The invention also relates to a heating installation comprising a device for accumulating and restoring energy according to the invention.

Prior art

It is well known that during certain periods of the day, the need for electrical energy is lower. In fact, during these so-called off-peak periods, such as at night, human activity is significantly lower and most of the large electricity-consuming businesses either shut down or operate idle. However, it is well known that, for all that, the majority of power generation plants, such as thermal or thermonuclear plants, hydro, tidal, solar or wind power plants, continue to produce electricity, because power plants can not be easily slowed or even stopped altogether, given the inertia of their operating cycle and their energy source such as wind, sun or tide in particular. Similarly, during the day it is possible that the production of electrical energy is higher than necessary because, for example, the outside temperature is high and the heating needs are lower. This phenomenon of overproduction is accentuated today with the multiplication of the number of private installations of the solar panels type. As a result, much of the electrical energy produced during these off-peak periods or overproduction is useless because it is not charged, or is exported to other countries with reduced efficiency given the losses. notably dissipated in the form of heat energy in the kilometers of power lines installed, sometimes under the sea, between the energy exporting country and the countries importing the said energy. The electrical energy then produced is therefore partly lost. It also results in a waste of energy sources and especially uranium or fossil sources such as oil or gas.

Presentation of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is therefore to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and to propose a device for accumulating and restoring energy making it possible to exploit energy such as, for example, a part of the surplus energy produced. by all existing types of power plants during off-peak hours or overproduction.

According to the invention, it is therefore proposed a device for accumulating and restoring energy for storing and returning energy such that, for example, at least a portion of the surplus energy produced by all existing types of off-peak power plants or overproduction, remarkable in that it includes at least internal block having a high thermal capacity, at least a first network of heating electric cables and at least a second network of heat recovery tubes, said first and second networks being directly inserted into said inner block during its manufacture.

Preferably, the energy accumulation and return device comprises an insulating outer envelope surrounding at least part of said inner block.

According to a preferred embodiment, the inner block is obtained by casting crushed aggregates agglomerated with a binder such as concrete or the like.

Said inner block is advantageously made of reinforced concrete comprising at least one reinforcing reinforcement of wire mesh type or the like.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the electric heating cables are BICALENDAL® cables supplied with very low safety voltage.

Preferably, the tubes are cross-linked polyethylene (PE) tubes covered with an antioxidant barrier and are filled with a circulating fluid circulating in an open circuit and arranged to be heated by the stored heat and returned by the internal block, said heat being transmitted by the electric cables when they are powered.

In a preferred embodiment, each tube is disposed between two electrical cables in order to obtain an alternative succession of tubes and electrical cables.

Advantageously, the electrical cables and the tubes are attached to the reinforcement armature of the inner block.

The present invention also relates to a heating installation comprising at least one energy storage and recovery device according to the invention.

Preferably, said heating installation comprises a water exchanger at least connected to the tubes of said accumulation and energy recovery device so as to heat the water contained therein.

Advantageously, the water exchanger contains a first tube connected to said energy storage and recovery device and able to heat the water contained in said water exchanger, a second tube and a third tube, said second and third tube being able to be heated by the water contained in said water exchanger.

In a preferred embodiment, the second and third tubes are respectively connected in open circuit to the sanitary water circuit of a building via at least one three-way thermostatic valve and in closed circuit to the heating circuit of said building via at least one three-way thermostatic valve.

According to a second embodiment, the heating installation is such that the tubes of said accumulation and energy recovery device are filled with air and are connected to an air-flow circuit comprising at least one nozzle provided with a fan and a blowing mouth.

Brief description of the figures

Other advantages and features will become more apparent from the description of the invention which will follow with reference to the appended figures in which:

- Figure 1 is a vertical section of a device for accumulating and restoring energy according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a diagram of an embodiment of a heating installation comprising an energy storage and recovery device of FIG. 1. Best way of carrying out the technical invention

In the following description, only a device for accumulating and restoring energy according to the invention of parallelepipedal shape will be described, but it goes without saying that said device for accumulating and restoring energy may have any other form without departing from the scope of the present invention.

With reference to FIG. 1, the energy accumulation and restitution device 1 is preferably buried or semi-buried and is therefore disposed in the ground 2. The ground 2 can be, for example, earth, pebbles or concrete or the like depending on where the energy storage and recovery device 1 is buried.

In this example, the accumulation and energy recovery device 1 consists of an inner block 3 having a high thermal capacity and an outer insulating jacket 4 surrounding the assembly of said inner block 3.

High thermal capacity is here denoted a thermal capacity greater than 2000 kJ / (m ³ .K).

The outer insulating jacket 4 is preferably constituted by panels of expanded polyurethane foam having a thickness of the order of 200 mm and a thermal insulation performance of 4.25. Said panels are advantageously grooved grooved on the four sides and fit into each other to form said outer casing 4 avoiding any loss of insulation. Said outer envelope 4 is intended to thermally isolate the inner block 3 and thus limit the heat loss between the latter and the outside and in particular the ground 2.

It goes without saying that the outer envelope 4 insulation can be made of any other insulating material having at least the same properties.

An impermeable layer of polyane type (not shown) may advantageously be disposed between the floor 2 and the outer envelope 4 in order to protect the latter against deterioration due in particular to the humidity of the floor 2, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

It may also provide a metal protection outside the concrete, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Similarly, if the energy accumulation and return device 1 is not buried but disposed for example between walls, it is clear that it will be preferable to have between said walls and the accumulation device and restitution of energy 1 a compression band (not shown), for obvious problems of expansion of the accumulation device and energy restoration 1.

The inner block 3 is advantageously obtained by casting crushed aggregates agglomerated with a binder such as concrete or the like. Indeed, concrete is a resistant material, relatively cheap, easily shaped and having a thermal capacity of the order of 2400-2610 kJ / (m ³ .K).

However, it is understood that for reasons of mechanical strength, especially for large internal blocks 3, it is imperative that they are made of reinforced concrete and comprise a reinforcing reinforcement type wire mesh or similar.

To store and restore at least part of the surplus electrical energy produced by the power plants during off-peak hours or overproduction, the energy accumulation and return device 1 further comprises a first network of electric heating cables 5 and a second network of recovery tubes 6 of heat.

The electric heating cables 5 of the first network are directly inserted in the inner block 3 during its manufacture, that is to say during the casting operation of said inner block 3. To maintain them during this casting operation, the electrical cables 5 will advantageously be attached to the reinforcing reinforcement of the inner block 3. The set of electrical cables 5 are preferably cables known under the trade mark BICALENDAL®, supplied at very low voltage by transformers (no shown) disposed in a pit near said energy storage and recovery device 1, said BICALENDAL® cables being known for their durability.

Here, the term "very low voltage" refers to a so-called safety voltage ranging from 1 to 44 volts.

BICALENDAL® cables are composed of two massive aluminum cores preferably double insulated PRC (chemically crosslinked polyethylene), twisted together and welded at one end by a cold weld according to the TIG process and then protected by a heat-shrinkable sleeve, so as to have both ends of said cables to be connected on the same side. Thus, in general, it will not be necessary to U-bend the cables to connect them to said transformers.

In addition, twisted BICALENDAL® cables form a sort of Faraday cage, thus eliminating magnetic fields, which may be for safety reasons interesting under certain conditions.

Thus, with the surplus electrical energy produced by all types of power plants during off-peak hours or overproduction, the electric cables 5, when supplied with electricity, will heat the inner block 3 and mount it up to temperatures of the order of 100 ° C. The inner block 3 is able to store and conserve heat and is therefore advantageously made of concrete whose thermal capacity is important. The conservation of heat is even more important if the inner block 3 is surrounded at least in part by the outer envelope 4 insulating limiting heat loss between the inner block 3 and 1 'outside.

The heat recovery tubes 6 of the second network are also directly inserted in the internal block 3 during its manufacture, that is to say during the casting operation of said inner block 3. For their maintenance during this operation of casting, the tubes 6 will also be advantageously attached to the reinforcing armature of the inner block 3.

Thus, it is clear that the electrical cables 5 and the tubes 6 are necessarily separate from the reinforcing armature. This configuration makes it possible, on the one hand, to separate the mechanical strength and accumulation and energy recovery functions of the inner block 3 and, on the other hand, not to be limited by the shape and dimensions of said reinforcing reinforcement for making the first and second networks respectively of electrical cables 5 and tubes 6.

The tubes 6 are filled with a coolant, which is heated by the heat stored in the inner block 3. To increase the efficiency of the accumulation and energy recovery device 1, the fluid coolant circulates preferably in open circuit so as to be always warmed to the desired temperature by the inner block 3 during its circulation in said tubes 6. In addition, the tubes 6 are arranged to be preferably connected to an installation and thus creates a closed circuit.

Thus, it is understood that to allow the circulation in a closed circuit of the coolant in the tubes 6 and an installation, it is necessary that the tubes 6 are connected to one of their free end to a cooler water inlet manifold { not shown) and at the other end to an outlet manifold of heated or heated water (not shown). Said coolant contained in the tubes 6 is advantageously water.

The tubes 6 are preferably tubes manufactured by the company REHAU® crosslinked polyethylene (PER) and covered with an oxygen barrier which decreases the permeability of the tube to oxygen and the risks of corrosion in particular heating installations .

Furthermore, in order to limit the number of hydraulic connections and electrical connections, the tubes 6 and the electrical cables 5 may be curved in a U or zigzag manner and disposed inside the inner block 3 while extending in the lateral direction or longitudinal of said inner block 3, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

In order to increase the performance of the accumulation and energy recovery device 1 and to homogenize the heat in the inner block 3 and in the tubes 6, each tube 6 is placed between two electric cables 5 according to FIG. An alternative succession of tubes 6 and electrical cables 5 is obtained fixed on the reinforcing reinforcement of the inner block 3. Preferably, the space between a tube 6 and an electric cable 5 is advantageously of the order of 300 millimeters.

If the tubes 6 and electrical cables 5 are arranged in U-shape or zigzag, said U and zigzag will be such that they will respect the alternative sequence of tubes 6 and electrical cables 5 and the spaces between each tube 6 and each cable Electric 5.

It is understood that the number of tubes 6 and electrical cables 5 is then a function of the width or length of the inner block 3.

Likewise, according to the energy requirements restored by the accumulation and energy restitution device 1, the internal block 3 may comprise a superposition of assemblies comprising an alternative succession of tubes 6 and electrical cables 5 fixed to an armature reinforcement, said superposition extending in the direction of the height of said inner block 3.

Thus, according to the need for restored energy, the energy accumulation and return device 1 will comprise an internal block 3 more or less high and comprising more or less superimposed sets.

The reinforcing reinforcements of each set are preferably connected to each other so as to have a space of the order of 300 millimeters between two adjacent reinforcement frames.

The person skilled in the art will be able to adapt the dimensions of the accumulation and energy restoration device 1 in general and of its inner block 3 in particular, depending in particular on the building for which it is installed and the need for it. energy of said building.

The storage and energy recovery device 1 according to the invention is preferably regulated by thermal probes (not shown) of the PT100 type, Thermal probes are of course connected to a control cabinet (not shown) located in the pit accommodating the transformers supplying the electric cables with very low voltage.

Similarly, it is obvious that it is interesting to regulate the temperature of this type of energy storage and retrieval device 1 with computer means.

The invention also relates to a heating installation (not shown) comprising at least one energy accumulation and return device 1 as described above.

Thus, with reference to FIG. 2, the heating installation 10 comprises a storage and energy recovery device 1 and a water exchanger 11 filled with water. The latter contains a first tube 12, advantageously in the form of a zigzag or coil, connected to said energy storage and recovery device 1 and able to heat the water contained in said water exchanger 11, a second tube 13 advantageously zigzag-shaped or serpentine and adapted to be heated by the water contained in said water exchanger 11, and a third tube 14 advantageously zigzag-shaped or serpentine and adapted to be heated by the water contained in said exchanger water 11.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the energy storage and recovery device 1 advantageously comprises two electric heating cables 5 and two heat recovery tubes 6. The free ends of each tube 6 receiving the arrival of colder water in the inner block 3 are connected together to one (or more) water inlet manifold 15. Similarly, the free ends of each tube 6 receiving the heated water outlet or The water inlet manifold 15 is connected to one of the free ends of the first tube 12 of the heat exchanger. The water outlet manifold 16 is connected to the other free end of the first tube 12 of the water exchanger 11 via a pump 17 which circulates the water in a closed circuit. in the tubes 6 and the first tube 12 in order to heat the water contained in said water exchanger 11.

The second tube 13 of the water exchanger 11 is connected in open circuit to the sanitary water circuit 18 of the building comprising said heating installation 10 via at least one three-way thermostatic valve 19 in order to limit, for obvious reasons of safety, the temperature of the hot water in the domestic water circuit 18.

The third tube 13 of the water exchanger 11 is connected in closed circuit to the heating circuit 20 of said building via at least one three-way thermostatic valve 21 in order to regulate the temperature of the hot water flowing in said heating circuit 20 and in particular in the radiators 22. The heating circuit 20 of said building preferably comprises a pump 24 ensuring the circulation of its water.

Depending on the needs, the heating system 10 may only be connected to the domestic water circuit 18 or to the heating circuit 20 of said building, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Said heating installation will then comprise only two tubes, namely respectively the first and second tubes 12, 13, or the first and third tubes 12, 14.

Similarly, it is understandable that the installation of Heating 10 may comprise several first tubes 12 and that the water exchanger 11 may comprise a plurality of second and third tubes 12, 14, depending on the needs and supplied heating circuits, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

If necessary, the water exchanger 11 may comprise at least one electric heating cable 23, similar to the electric heating cables 5 of said energy accumulation and return device 1. Said electric cable 23 for heating to bring, if necessary, extra calories.

In Figure 2, there is shown the electric cables 5, 23 dotted line and the tubes 6, 12, 13, 14, 18, 20 in strong line making a difference in thickness between the colder water inlet and the outlet of heated or heated water (less thick line).

The skilled person will have no difficulty in sizing the water exchanger 11 and in particular said first, second and third tubes 12, 13, 14 depending on the needs of the building.

Description of other embodiments

According to an alternative embodiment not shown, the outer casing 4 of the accumulation and energy restitution device 1 surrounds only part of the inner block 3, the other part being insulated and covered by any other suitable means. .

In another variant embodiment, not shown, the energy storage and retrieval device 1 comprises a plurality of internal blocks 3 surrounded by an outer envelope 4.

Similarly, the energy accumulation and return device 1 may comprise several envelopes external 4 arranged for example adjacent and each having one or more internal blocks 3.

According to an alternative embodiment not shown, the heating installation comprises at least one energy storage and restitution device similar to that described above, the tubes of which are filled with air and are connected to a ventilation circuit comprising at least a nozzle provided with a fan and a blower. Thus, the air, which is set in motion by the fan, heats by passing through the tubes of said energy storage and recovery device and is blown through the blowing mouth in a building room. This heating system is particularly suitable for large premises such as reception or conference rooms or large industrial halls.

Possibility of industrial application

It is understood that the energy accumulation and return device 1 according to the invention can advantageously be installed in any type of building such as, for example, individual residential houses or industrial buildings. However, it is particularly intended for all types of buildings with large floor areas and with significant hot water needs such as, for example, industrial buildings, offices, social housing or non-collective housing or even covered or not swimming pools.

Similarly, it is understood that the energy accumulation and return device 1 is preferably buried to benefit from the natural insulation of the soil 2 around its walls.

Finally, it goes without saying that the device example accumulation and energy restoration 1 according to the invention which has just been described is only a particular illustration, in no way limiting of the invention.

Claims

1 - Device for accumulating and restoring energy (1) for storing and returning energy such as, for example, at least a portion of the surplus energy produced by all types of power plants. during off-peak hours or overproduction, characterized in that it comprises at least one internal block (3) having a high thermal capacity, at least one first heating cable network (5) and at least one second heating network; heat recovery tubes (6), said first and second networks being directly inserted into said inner block (3) during its manufacture.

2 - A device for accumulating and restoring energy (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an outer envelope (4) insulating surrounding at least partially said inner block (3).

3 - Device for accumulating and restoring energy (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer casing (4) comprises panels of expanded polyurethane foam or any other insulating material having at least the same properties . 4 - Device for accumulating and restoring energy (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inner block (3) is obtained by casting crushed aggregates agglomerated with a binder such as concrete or the like.

5 - Device for accumulating and restoring energy (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the inner block (3) is made of reinforced concrete comprising at least less a reinforcing reinforcement of wire mesh type or the like.

6 - Device for accumulating and restoring energy (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the electric cables (5) are heated BICALENDAL® cables supplied with very low safety voltage. 7 - Device for accumulating and restoring energy (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tubes (6) are filled with a coolant circulating in an open circuit and arranged to be heated by the heat stored and returned by the inner block (3), said heat being transmitted by the electric cables (5) when powered.

8 - Device for accumulating and restoring energy (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the tubes (6) are cross-linked polyethylene (PER) tubes covered with an anti-barrier -oxygen. 9 - Device for accumulating and restoring energy (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each tube (6) is disposed between two electrical cables (5) in order to obtain a succession alternative tubes (6) and electric cables (5).

10 - Device for accumulating and restoring energy (1) according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the cables electric (5) and the tubes (6) are attached to the reinforcing armature of the inner block (3).

11 - Device for accumulating and restoring energy (1) according to any one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the inner block (3) comprises a superposition of sets comprising an alternative succession of tubes (6). ) and electrical cables (5) fixed on a reinforcement frame.

12 - Device for accumulating and restoring energy (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it is regulated by thermal probes.

13 - heating installation (10) characterized in that it comprises at least one energy accumulation and return device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14 - heating installation (10) according to claim 13, characterized in that it comprises a water exchanger (11) filled with water and at least connected to the tubes (6) of said accumulation device and restitution of energy (1) so as to heat the water it contains.

15 - Heating installation (10) according to claim 14, characterized in that the water exchanger (11) contains a first tube (12) connected to said energy storage and recovery device (1) and adapted to heating the water contained in said water exchanger (11), a second tube (13) and a third tube (14), said second and third tubes (13, 14) being adapted to be heated by the water contained in said exchanger to water (11).

Heating system (10) according to claim 15, characterized in that the second and third tubes (13, 14) are respectively connected in open circuit to the domestic water circuit (18) of a building via a at least one three-way thermostatic valve (19) and in closed circuit to the heating circuit (20) of said building via at least one three-way thermostatic valve (21).

17 - heating installation (10) according to claim 13, characterized in that the tubes (6) of said accumulation and energy recovery device (1) are filled with air and are connected to a ventilation circuit comprising the minus a nozzle provided with a fan and a blower.