WO2012010278A1 - Glaskeramik als kochfläche für induktionsbeheizung mit verbesserter farbiger anzeigefähigkeit und wärmeabschirmung, verfahren zur herstellung einer solchen kochfläche und ihre verwendung - Google Patents
Glaskeramik als kochfläche für induktionsbeheizung mit verbesserter farbiger anzeigefähigkeit und wärmeabschirmung, verfahren zur herstellung einer solchen kochfläche und ihre verwendung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012010278A1 WO2012010278A1 PCT/EP2011/003540 EP2011003540W WO2012010278A1 WO 2012010278 A1 WO2012010278 A1 WO 2012010278A1 EP 2011003540 W EP2011003540 W EP 2011003540W WO 2012010278 A1 WO2012010278 A1 WO 2012010278A1
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- glass
- glass ceramic
- cooking surface
- temperature
- transmission
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/0054—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing PbO, SnO2, B2O3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B20/00—Processes specially adapted for the production of quartz or fused silica articles, not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B32/00—Thermal after-treatment of glass products not provided for in groups C03B19/00, C03B25/00 - C03B31/00 or C03B37/00, e.g. crystallisation, eliminating gas inclusions or other impurities; Hot-pressing vitrified, non-porous, shaped glass products
- C03B32/02—Thermal crystallisation, e.g. for crystallising glass bodies into glass-ceramic articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/0018—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and monovalent metal oxide as main constituents
- C03C10/0027—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and monovalent metal oxide as main constituents containing SiO2, Al2O3, Li2O as main constituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/0036—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and a divalent metal oxide as main constituents
- C03C10/0045—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and a divalent metal oxide as main constituents containing SiO2, Al2O3 and MgO as main constituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/02—Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C15/00—Details
- F24C15/10—Tops, e.g. hot plates; Rings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/60—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles
- H04R25/604—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles of acoustic or vibrational transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
- H05B6/12—Cooking devices
- H05B6/1209—Cooking devices induction cooking plates or the like and devices to be used in combination with them
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/40—Arrangements for obtaining a desired directivity characteristic
- H04R25/405—Arrangements for obtaining a desired directivity characteristic by combining a plurality of transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/45—Prevention of acoustic reaction, i.e. acoustic oscillatory feedback
- H04R25/456—Prevention of acoustic reaction, i.e. acoustic oscillatory feedback mechanically
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/55—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception using an external connection, either wireless or wired
- H04R25/554—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception using an external connection, either wireless or wired using a wireless connection, e.g. between microphone and amplifier or using Tcoils
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a glass ceramic as a cooking surface for
- Heat shield consisting of a transparent, colored
- Transparent, colored glass-ceramic cooktops are black in plan view and thus prevent a view of the technical installations under the cooking surface.
- Such glass ceramic plates are usually in the form of flat plates or are deformed three-dimensionally.
- Radiation heated cooking surfaces are those which see through electricity radiant heaters because of their ohmic resistance can be made to glow.
- the most widely used band heaters have maximum values of emitted radiation in the
- the radiant heaters can also consist of halogen lamps. These heat up faster and emit at shorter wavelengths with maximum values of radiation in the range of about 1000 to 1600 nm.
- the energy is generated by electromagnetic waves generated in coils are directly coupled into the metallic pot bottom and absorbed there by eddy currents. This direct heating allows short warm-up times to be achieved.
- the glass ceramic plate is now heated over the heated bottom of the pot and passes this heat inwards on the internals under the glass ceramic plate on.
- the glass ceramic plates usually contain bores in which the gas burners are integrated.
- the gas burners are integrated.
- different thermal loads result. For very strong and deeper gas burners, these are so high that the use of a
- the improved heat shield is important for special operating conditions when using cooktops. For induction cooking surfaces with
- Booster function is temporarily provided at the beginning of the cooking process, higher power to shorten the cooking times. If it comes to high temperatures because this is not timely from the control electronics recognized and the performance is regulated, it comes to an excessive heating of the pot bottom. Another operating condition with excessive heating of the pot bottom may occur when the pot is cooking empty and thereby heats up by the missing food. In such rare
- the technical structure of induction cooking surfaces under the glass ceramic plate consists of coils that produce the inductive field.
- the wires of these coils are provided with a plastic insulation.
- Other sensitive installations are, for example, electro-optical sensors which serve to measure the temperature of the pot bottom. There is also temperature measurement
- the required temperature difference resistance is lower than for radiant-heated
- the glass ceramic for inductive or gas-heated cooking surfaces may have higher thermal expansion values. While for radiant-heated
- inorganic colors with which cooking surfaces can be decorated This means lower stress in the decorated areas and thus increased strength of the glass ceramic plates.
- the improved color display capability represents another essential feature
- Colored displays give the user information about the switched-on state of the individual cooking zones, the controller position and also whether the
- Cooking zones are still hot after switching off.
- colored displays LEDs are used. These colored displays are particularly important for induction cooking surfaces of great importance. Unlike the
- radiant-heated cooking surfaces in which the heated cooking zone can be recognized by their red-hot color are the cooking zones in induction cooking surfaces even when heated black and visually unchanged. Therefore, it is desirable to indicate the operating state and the residual heat by special colors or display functions.
- the improved color display capability allows the manufacturers of cooking appliances to differentiate their products with a glass ceramic cooking surface over the design.
- the type and design of the colored displays under the glass ceramic plate can be a progressivelyiler or brand typical design.
- the design over light with the new options, which then due to the
- Transmission characteristic of glass ceramic is possible, can set in the market distinctive accents for the brand.
- the glass ceramic cooking surface itself should appear black in supervision and have an aesthetic appearance. In order to prevent the disturbing view of the technical components under the glass ceramic cooking surface and to avoid the glare by radiating radiator, especially bright halogen radiator, the glass ceramic cooking surfaces in their
- the light transmission is at least 0.5%.
- the transmission values are independent of the respective thickness of the
- Glass ceramics with high quartz mixed crystals as the predominant crystal phase are prepared from crystallizable lithium aluminum silicate glasses.
- the crystallizable starting glass is melted from a mixture of shards and powdery vegetable raw materials at temperatures usually between 1500 and 1650 ° C.
- Arsenic and / or antimony oxide is typically used as the refining agent in the melt. These refining agents are compatible with the required glass-ceramic properties and lead to good bubble qualities of the melt. Even though these substances are firmly bound in the glass framework, they are still under safety and security
- the glass After melting and refining, the glass usually undergoes hot forming by rolling or, more recently, floating to produce sheets. For an economical production is a low
- the glass must not show any devitrification during the shaping. That is, during the shaping must not form any disturbing crystals, which in the starting glasses and the glass ceramics produced therefrom
- Processing temperature V A (viscosity 10 4 dPas) of the glass takes place, it must be ensured that the upper devitrification temperature of the melt below the processing temperature is to avoid the formation of troublesome crystals.
- the starting glass is transferred by controlled crystallization in the glass-ceramic article.
- Ceramization takes place in a two-stage temperature process in which germs, usually of ZrO 2 / TiO 2 mixed crystals, are initially produced by nucleation at a temperature between 680 and 810 ° C. Sn0 2 may also be involved in nucleation. Upon subsequent increase in temperature, the high-quartz mixed crystals grow on these nuclei. Height
- Crystal growth rates as desired for efficient, fast ceramification are achieved at temperatures of 820 to 970 ° C. At this maximum manufacturing temperature, the microstructure of the
- the high quartz mixed crystals can subsequently be converted into keatite mixed crystals.
- the transformation also involves crystal growth to mean crystallite sizes of 100 nm and above and associated light scattering.
- Glass ceramics with keatite mixed crystals as the main crystal phase are therefore no longer transparent but translucent or opaque.
- the light scattering has a negative effect on the display ability, as the displays under the glass ceramic plate are no longer clearly visible and forms a disturbing halo.
- V 2 Os has the special property of absorbing in the visible light range and being transparent in the infrared. This is for radiation-heated
- Cooking surfaces essential, but has the disadvantages described in the heat shield for induction and gas heated cooking surfaces.
- Radiation-heated cooking surfaces is essential.
- a former type of glass ceramic cooking surfaces known by the name Ceran Color® , manufactured by SCHOTT AG, had good color
- Ceran Color® is colored by additions of NiO, CoO, Fe 2 O 3 and MnO and purified by Sb 2 O 3 .
- Composition is in the book "Glass-Ceamic Technology", tungsten Höland and George Beall, The American Ceramic Society 2002 are listed in Tables 2-7.
- the use of the refining Sb 2 O3 is disadvantageous. Due to the low transmission in the range of the green light of ⁇ 0.1% at 580 nm, the neutral display with white LED is not given besides green ones.
- DE 102008050263 A1 discloses a transparent colored cooking surface with improved color display capability.
- the cooking surface consists of a glass ceramic with high-quartz mixed crystals as the predominant crystal phase and contains none of the chemical refining agents arsenic oxide and / or antimony oxide except for unavoidable traces.
- the improved color display capability is characterized by transmittance values greater than 0.1% in the visible light range, throughout
- EP 1465460 A2 discloses a glass-ceramic cooking surface which, measured in the CIE color system, has a brightness of 2.5 to 15 with standard light C, with a thickness of 3 mm.
- the terms "brightness" and Light transmission correspond to the same measured variable.
- the Y value is identical to the value of the light transmission, measured according to DIN 5033. With this light transmission, improved displays for blue and green
- the disclosed compositions are partially purified with As2O3 and / or SB2O 3 in combination with SnÜ2.
- the coloring is done by V2O5.
- the claimed high levels of light transmission of at least 2.5%, and preferably higher, are disadvantageous in terms of coverage of the electronic components below the cooking surface. Besides, that will
- the starting glasses should be able to be melted and prewetted, and should have a high
- the cooking surfaces according to the invention should meet all other requirements that are placed on cooking surfaces, such as: chemical resistance,
- the cooking surfaces have transmission values of greater than 0.4% at least one wavelength in the blue between 380 and 500 nm, a
- the transmission of greater than 0.4% at at least one wavelength in the blue between 380 and 500 nm allows good readability with available blue displays. Since these mostly consist of LEDs emitting at a certain wavelengths with a typical width of 15 nm, it is sufficient if the transmission of greater than 0.4% is tuned to this wavelength. Such wavelengths for the radiation of standard blue LED displays are, for example, 430 and 470 nm. Tuning the transmission of the glass ceramic to the wavelengths at which the blue LEDs used also has the advantage that the
- the transmission profile can be increased especially for discrete wavelength ranges. This means that an increase in the display capability takes place on a more significant scale than can be achieved with a reduction in material thickness. This is also of great relevance for future energy-efficient (lower-power) displays with a view to improved display capability.
- the wavelength-selective increases of the transmission realized in this way offer the potential, even at lower power of the LED displays
- Cooking surface the low transmission values of less than 0.01% as for Glass ceramic cooking surfaces are standard.
- the blocking of the UV light is advantageous for protecting the organic components, such as.
- blue LED displays are used with ultraviolet radiation component for display.
- the inventive light transmission of less than 2.5% ensures that the disturbing view of the technical components under the glass ceramic cooking surface is prevented and the aesthetic black appearance is ensured in supervision. Due to the transmission of> 2% at 630 nm common red LED displays are easily recognizable.
- the infrared transmission to values of less than 40%
- the transmission and light transmission values according to the invention are decisive for the function of the cooking surface, they are independent of the thickness of the glass ceramic plate, which is usually between 2.5 and 6 mm. Smaller thicknesses are disadvantageous in terms of strength and larger thicknesses are uneconomical because they require more material and the
- Cooking surface at about 4 mm As the thickness and concentration of the colorants With equal rights as factors in the extinction, the skilled person will easily adjust the required transmission of the cooking surface on the concentration of the colorant to the respective thickness.
- the underside When the cooking surface is fabricated by roll forming, the underside is usually studded to protect it from compromising strength in manufacture. Often the cooking surface bottom is in the range of colored
- the cooktops according to the invention have a composition without the refining agents arsenic and / or antimony oxide and are thus technically free from these adverse safety and environmental aspects
- these components are usually present at levels of less than 0.05 wt%.
- the glass ceramic cooking surfaces according to the invention have over
- Heat shielding is characterized in that it forms a transparent, colored glass ceramic with high-quartz mixed crystal as the predominant crystal phase and that, except for unavoidable traces, the chemical refining agents arsenic and / or antimony oxide is dispensed with and the cooking surface to transmission values of greater than 0, 4% at at least one wavelength in the blue between 380 and 500 nm, a light transmission in the Visible of less than 2.5%, a transmission of> 2% at 630 nm and a transmission in the infrared at 1600 nm of less than 45%, preferably less than 40% is set.
- the transmission of the cooking surface to values of greater than 0.1% in the visible light range in the entire wavelength range greater than 500 nm, a transmission of> 2 to less than 12% at 630 nm, a
- the color display capability is further improved and the different demands on the transmission process are further optimized. Due to the transmission of greater than 0.1% in the range of visible light in the entire wavelength range of greater than 500 nm, not only blue but also differently colored displays such as green, yellow or orange can be easily recognized. Displays with white light will go through this
- Transmission in the near infrared at 950 nm of greater than 30% ensures that the usual optically operating operating sensors can be used.
- a further improved coverage of the technical installations below the cooking surface glass ceramic and a particularly aesthetic black appearance in incident light is achieved when the light transmission is less than 2%.
- the display capability improves when the light transmission of the cooking surface is at least 0.5%.
- the cooking surface according to the invention preferably contains as main constituents of the glass ceramic composition the components (in% by weight based on oxide): Li 2 O 1.5-4.2
- the oxides U2O, Al2O3 and S1O2 in the preferred limits given are necessary components of the high quartz mixed crystals.
- a minimum content of Li 2 O of 1.5% by weight is required for a well-controlled crystallization. Higher contents of more than 4.2% by weight often lead to unwanted devitrification in the production process.
- Cooking surface properties such as chemical resistance and
- Ceramization limited to values of not more than 3% by weight.
- the MgO content is limited to a maximum of 3 wt.%, Because otherwise it increases the expansion coefficient of the glass ceramic inadmissible.
- the addition of P2O5 is beneficial for the melting and shaping of the starting glass.
- the sum of the alkalis Na 2 O + K 2 O should be at least 0.2% by weight and at most 1.5% by weight.
- the sum of the alkaline earths CaO + SrO + BaO should amount to a maximum of 4% by weight.
- the mentioned alkalis and alkaline earths accumulate except in the
- the minimum amount of nucleating agents ⁇ 2, ZrO2 and SnO2 is 3.8% by weight. During the ceramization they form crystal nuclei in high density during the nucleation, which are responsible for the growth of the high quartz mixed crystals in the
- Crystallization serve as a support.
- the high nucleus density leads to a high crystal density with average crystallite sizes of less than 100 nm, which avoids a light scattering which interferes with the displays.
- the nucleator contents are correlated with the nucleation rate and thus of importance for shorter ceramization times. Higher contents than the sum of 6% by weight deteriorate the devitrification stability.
- the SnO2 content is limited to less than 0.6 wt%. Higher levels lead to the crystallization of Sn-containing crystal phases on the contact materials (e.g., Pt / Rh) during molding and must be avoided at all cost.
- the ZrO2 content is on
- the minimum content of ZrO 2 should be 0.5% by weight in order to promote a high ceramization rate.
- the TiO 2 content is between 1, 5 and 6 wt.%. The minimum quantity should not be undercut, so that high nucleation rates for achieving high
- the content should not exceed 6 wt.%, Because otherwise the devitrification stability is deteriorated.
- the glass ceramic preferably contains NiO and / or CoO in minimum contents of 0.05% by weight about the infrared transmission at 1600 nm to values of less than 45%.
- the combination of the color oxides makes it possible to manage with smaller amounts of the costly and classified as hazardous stain V2O5.
- the content of the other color oxides is preferably at least twice as high as that of the V 2 O 5 .
- coloring components such as e.g. Manganese, copper, selenium, rare earth, molybdenum compounds can be used to increase the coloration
- Manganese compounds supported and lower the transmission in the infrared. Their content is limited to amounts of at most about 1% by weight, because these compounds generally reduce the transmission in the blue. Manganese compounds may be present at higher levels up to about 2% by weight because of the weaker dyeing effect.
- the cooking surface according to the invention preferably has good properties
- Halide compounds are used. Their contents are usually limited to amounts up to 2% by weight. In the production of cooktops, those with bubble numbers of less than 5, preferably less than 3, bubbles / kg of glass (based on bubble sizes greater than 0.1 mm) are desired as good bubble qualities.
- Fe 2 O 3 Another important result of the addition of Fe 2 O 3 was found to significantly aid refining. In combination with the SnO 2 as the main constituent, the Fe 2 0 3 releases oxygen and is reduced to Fe 2+ . In order that the addition of Fe 2 O 3 as an additional refining agent in combination with Sn 2 O has a particularly advantageous effect, the content in a particularly preferred form should be at least 0.05% by weight.
- Both Sn0 2 and Fe 2 O 3 are high-temperature semiconductors and give the necessary oxygen for the refining at high melting temperatures from about 1650 ° C in sufficient quantities.
- the relevant for the refining effect sales increases with the temperature of the melt.
- a temperature treatment of the melt greater than 1700 ° C and further greater than 1750 ° C thus provides further improved results in terms of bubble quality.
- a fast ceramisability is understood to mean a thermal treatment for the crystallization of the glass ceramic with a duration of less than 2 hours, preferably less than 80 minutes.
- Crystal growth rates of high quartz mixed crystal phase characterized increases. This maximum temperature is maintained for up to 30 minutes.
- the structure of the glass-ceramic is homogenized and the optical, physical and chemical properties are adjusted.
- the glass ceramic obtained is cooled to 800 ° C with cooling rates of about 2 to 40 ° C / min and then rapidly to room temperature.
- the coloring effect of the V 2 O 5 can be enhanced or blue-coloring Ti 3+ can be produced.
- metals, carbon and / or oxidizable carbon or metal compounds such as Al or Si powder, sugar, charcoal, SiC, TiC, MgS, ZnS are suitable.
- Gaseous reducing agents, such as forming gas are suitable. The abovementioned reducing agents are suitable for lowering the pO 2 of the melt. Since vanadium oxide is a costly raw material, it is economically advantageous to minimize the content.
- one or more differently colored displays such as blue, green, yellow, orange or white are arranged instead of or in addition to the usual red displays.
- the colored displays consist of light-emitting electronic components, mostly of light-emitting diodes. There are all forms of ads, punctual as well as area possible. You can also display black-and-white and color displays or screens with much improved color fidelity. In addition to the display of operating states it will thus enabling the user to interact interactively with the cooking surface. It can z. For example, read recipes, view pictures or communicate with the intranet. The control can take place via touch-sensitive screens.
- the bottom of the cooking surface may have the usual knobs or smooth.
- the improved display capability is especially noticeable on smooth bottom cooking surfaces, as the color displays are undistorted and brighter.
- the cooking surface can
- Table 1 lists compositions of crystallizable starting glasses and refining conditions.
- the glasses 1 to 4 are glasses according to the invention and the glass 5 is a comparative glass which leads to a glass ceramic outside the present invention.
- compositions do not exactly add up to 100% by weight. Typical impurities, even if not intentionally in the
- Composition introduced are F, Cl, B, P, Rb, Cs, Hf, which are commonly used less than 0.1 wt.%. They are often introduced via the raw materials for the chemically related components, such as Rb and Cs on the Na, or K raw materials, or Sr on the Ba raw material and vice versa.
- Glass No. 4 of the same composition as glass No. 3 was instead refined at 1850 ° C for one hour.
- the positive influence of the high-temperature explanation on bubble quality is visually apparent in this laboratory melt.
- Temperature / time program a) rapid heating from room temperature to 680 ° C within about 10 minutes
- FIGS. 1a and 1b show transmission spectra of the glass-ceramic according to the invention according to Example No. 4 from Table 2 in different
- the examples Because of their content of high-quartz mixed crystal as the predominant crystal phase, the examples have the desired low values of thermal expansion, measured in the temperature range between 20 and 700 ° C.
- Table 1 Compositions and refining temperatures of crystallizable starting glasses according to the invention and comparative glass 5.
- Thickness mm 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 3.5 2.5
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201180036005.4A CN103025674B (zh) | 2010-07-23 | 2011-07-15 | 作为用于感应加热器的具有改进的颜色显示能力和挡热能力的灶面的玻璃陶瓷,这种灶面的制备方法及其用途 |
JP2013521005A JP5911488B2 (ja) | 2010-07-23 | 2011-07-15 | 多色表示性および熱遮蔽が改善された誘導加熱用調理面としてのガラスセラミックス、そのような調理面の製造法、ならびにその使用 |
EP11735995.0A EP2595930B1 (de) | 2010-07-23 | 2011-07-15 | Glaskeramik als kochfläche für induktionsbeheizung mit verbesserter farbiger anzeigefähigkeit und wärmeabschirmung und verfahren zur herstellung einer solchen kochfläche |
US13/811,882 US9018113B2 (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2011-07-15 | Glass ceramic as a cooktop for induction heating having improved colored display capability and heat shielding, method for producing such a cooktop, and use of such a cooktop |
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DE102010032112.5 | 2010-07-23 | ||
DE102010032112A DE102010032112A1 (de) | 2010-07-23 | 2010-07-23 | Glaskeramik als Kochfläche für Induktionsbeheizung mit verbesserter farbiger Anzeigefähigkeit und Wärmeabschirmung, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Kochfläche und ihre Verwendung |
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PCT/EP2011/003540 WO2012010278A1 (de) | 2010-07-23 | 2011-07-15 | Glaskeramik als kochfläche für induktionsbeheizung mit verbesserter farbiger anzeigefähigkeit und wärmeabschirmung, verfahren zur herstellung einer solchen kochfläche und ihre verwendung |
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US (1) | US9018113B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2595930B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5911488B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN103025674B (de) |
DE (2) | DE102010032112A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012010278A1 (de) |
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- 2011-07-15 CN CN201180036005.4A patent/CN103025674B/zh active Active
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US11724960B2 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2023-08-15 | Schott Ag | Glass ceramic with reduced lithium content |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2595930B1 (de) | 2020-06-24 |
DE102010032112A1 (de) | 2012-01-26 |
DE202010014361U1 (de) | 2010-12-30 |
JP2013535392A (ja) | 2013-09-12 |
JP5911488B2 (ja) | 2016-05-11 |
US20130201678A1 (en) | 2013-08-08 |
CN103025674B (zh) | 2015-09-30 |
EP2595930A1 (de) | 2013-05-29 |
CN103025674A (zh) | 2013-04-03 |
US9018113B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 |
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