WO2011126053A1 - N結合型糖鎖を利用した消化器癌の検査方法 - Google Patents
N結合型糖鎖を利用した消化器癌の検査方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011126053A1 WO2011126053A1 PCT/JP2011/058727 JP2011058727W WO2011126053A1 WO 2011126053 A1 WO2011126053 A1 WO 2011126053A1 JP 2011058727 W JP2011058727 W JP 2011058727W WO 2011126053 A1 WO2011126053 A1 WO 2011126053A1
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- sugar chain
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/574—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
- G01N33/57407—Specifically defined cancers
- G01N33/57446—Specifically defined cancers of stomach or intestine
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/66—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving blood sugars, e.g. galactose
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T436/142222—Hetero-O [e.g., ascorbic acid, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for examining digestive organ cancer using an N-linked sugar chain as a marker for digestive organ cancer diagnosis.
- the digestive organ is an organ responsible for food intake, transport, digestion, nutrient absorption and excretion.
- the pancreas is an organ with a length of about 15 cm on the back side of the stomach, and the main diseases are pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis.
- pancreatic cancer has recently increased in Japanese mortality. It is known as one of the cancers.
- the cause of pancreatic cancer has not been completely elucidated, but it is thought that risk factors include excessive intake of animal fat, protein, alcohol, etc. due to westernization of dietary habits or smoking.
- people with a history of chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic stone disease, diabetes, and acute pancreatitis are also considered to be a high-risk group for pancreatic cancer.
- Pancreatic cancer is cancer that originates from cells that have an exocrine function, particularly cells of the pancreatic duct through which pancreatic juice flows, and more than 90% of pancreatic cancers are of this type. Pancreatic cancer is extremely high in malignancy, and metastasis to other organs occurs at an early stage, so early detection is an issue. However, because the pancreas is surrounded by many organs such as the stomach, duodenum, spleen, small intestine, large intestine, liver, and gallbladder, it exists in the retroperitoneum. It is extremely difficult and is often found in advanced cancer.
- Gastric cancer is a high incidence region in Japan and Southeast Asia, and is the second largest cancer mortality rate in the world.
- the prognosis of gastric cancer has improved due to the development of diagnostic techniques and therapies, the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer is still not good, and the 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer that has infiltrated the gastric serosa is as low as 35%.
- One of the main causes of recurrence after curative resection of advanced cancer is peritoneal dissemination. Although advances in chemotherapy have seen therapeutic effects on recurrence of peritoneal dissemination, the 5-year survival rate is still low. It is known that many steps and many genes are involved in the mechanism of peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer.
- adhesion molecule-related genes, apoptosis-related genes and other genes are deeply involved in peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer. Further research is also needed to elucidate the mechanism of metastasis of gastric cancer including peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer.
- esophageal cancers About half of esophageal cancers occur in the middle chest esophagus. Over 90% of Japanese esophageal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas. Both morbidity and mortality are higher in men, more than five times that in women. Regarding the carcinogenesis of esophageal cancer, the involvement of drinking and smoking has been reported for a long time, and the involvement of ALDH2 has been reported in recent years. Esophageal cancer surgery is highly invasive and has a poor prognosis. In recent years, with the increase of early cancer, cases that can be cured by endoscopic treatment are increasing. In addition, the effects of chemoradiotherapy have been observed, and improvement in treatment results has been observed. However, the prognosis for unresectable advanced cancer remains poor. In the future, establishment of a new screening system for early cancer detection and advancement of chemotherapy are desired.
- Measures of tumor markers can be mentioned as cancer detection / diagnosis methods developed so far.
- Examples of blood tumor markers for pancreatic cancer diagnosis include CA19-9 (Non-patent Document 1), Don-2 (Non-patent Document 2), CA-50 (Non-patent Document 3), and Span-1 (Non-patent Document 3).
- Patent Document 4 and the like have already been developed.
- several patent publications disclose methods for detecting and diagnosing pancreatic cancer by using a gene specifically expressed in tumor cells as a marker. To date, PANCIA and PANCIB (Patent Document 1) and KCCR13L (Patent Document 2) have been disclosed as pancreatic cancer marker genes.
- pancreatic cancer since there is amplification or deletion of DNA at a specific site of the chromosome of cells of pancreatic cancer, there is also a method for diagnosing pancreatic cancer by detecting the amplification or deletion of the specific chromosome site of the pancreatic cancer. Proposed.
- gastric cancer it is characterized by using a change in the expression level of known type I collagen C-terminal non-triple chain telopeptide (ICTP) as a marker. Measure the number of demethylated DNA present in DNA repeat sequences obtained from appropriate diagnostic markers for advanced gastric cancer, especially Skills gastric cancer (see Patent Document 3) and cancerous or non-cancerous tissue samples. Based on this, a method for determining whether the prognosis of various cancer diseases including gastric cancer is good has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 4).
- ICTP type I collagen C-terminal non-triple chain telopeptide
- Patent Document 5 Furthermore, a method for screening metastatic colorectal cancer or primary or metastatic gastric cancer or esophageal cancer using the expression of SI, CDX1, or CDX2 as an index has been proposed (see Patent Document 5).
- tumor markers are currently used to understand the dynamics of advanced malignant tumors, and cancer detection / diagnosis methods using tumor markers that can be used for early diagnosis have been established. Absent. Especially for pancreatic cancer, early diagnosis is difficult and treatment results are poor, so it is urgent to develop a method that can be applied to screening.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a method capable of examining digestive organ cancer at an early stage and easily.
- the present inventors focused on the sugar chain of glycoprotein contained in a blood sample of a digestive cancer patient and tried to develop a new test method for digestive cancer. Specifically, blood was collected from 17 pancreatic cancer patients, 34 esophageal cancer patients, and 22 stomach cancer patients, and mass spectrometry was performed on N-linked sugar chains in plasma. As a result, the present inventors have succeeded in identifying sugar chains whose abundance is significantly changed in blood samples of cancer patients as compared with healthy individuals, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention relates to a method for examining digestive organ cancer by detecting a specific N-linked sugar chain in blood collected from a subject, and more specifically, provides the following invention.
- a method for testing digestive organ cancer (A) releasing sugar chains from glycoproteins in blood collected from a subject; (B) a step of purifying the released sugar chain, and (c) a step of detecting a sugar chain exhibiting the following properties (i) and (ii) in the purified sugar chain:
- the present invention by detecting a specific N-linked sugar chain in blood collected from a subject, it is possible to easily test for digestive organ cancer at an early stage of cancer.
- the present invention is a method for examining digestive organ cancer, a step of releasing sugar chains from glycoproteins in blood collected from a subject (step (a)), and a step of purifying the released sugar chains (
- the method includes a step (b)) and a step (step (c)) of detecting a sugar chain exhibiting the following properties (i) and (ii) in the purified sugar chain:
- the mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of the peak when mass spectrometry is performed with a MALDI-TOF-MS analyzer is 2521, 2216, 2054, 2681, 3108 , 2695, 1326, 1892, 2172, 2257, 2334, 2375, 2639, 2703, 2725, 2827, and 3030.
- the “digestive organ cancer” to which the test method of the present invention is applied is not particularly limited, but the present invention is intractable cancer such as pancreatic cancer and esophageal cancer, and gastric cancer that is a frequently occurring cancer. In particular.
- the “blood collected from the subject” that is a sample of the method for examining digestive organ cancer of the present invention includes whole blood containing all blood components, such as serum and plasma separated from blood.
- blood components such as serum and plasma separated from blood.
- serum and plasma are good, and plasma is particularly preferred.
- the method for releasing sugar chains from glycoproteins in blood is not particularly limited.
- N-glycosidase F also referred to as glycopeptidase, PN Gase, glycanase, glycoamidase, etc.
- Glycopeptidase A and the like and hydrazine decomposition method.
- the enzymatic method using N-glycosidase F can be preferably used.
- a protease such as trypsin can be used in combination.
- the method for purifying the released sugar chain is not particularly limited as long as it is a method for selectively capturing and purifying a sugar chain from a mixture in a sample, but MALDI-TOF-MS or high performance liquid chromatography is not limited.
- a method using BlotGlyco (registered trademark) (manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.), which is a sugar chain supplemented bead optimized for high-sensitivity measurement in (HPLC), is particularly suitable.
- the purified sugar chain is an N-linked sugar chain
- the mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of the peak when subjected to mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is 2521, 2216, 2054, 2681, 3108, 2695, 1326, 1892, 2172, 2257, 2334, 2375, 2639, 2703, 2725, 2827, and 3030 are detected.
- the “N-linked sugar chain” is a sugar chain bonded to the nitrogen atom of the amide group of the side chain of the asparagine residue of the protein among the sugar chains of the glycoprotein. Also called asparagine-linked sugar chain.
- MALDI-TOF-MS is a method of measuring mass based on time of flight using the MALDI method. In the MALDI method, after spotting a sample on a plate, a matrix solution (2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid) is added, dried, and crystallized, and a large amount of energy is given to the matrix by pulse laser irradiation. (M + H) + , (M + Na) + and other sample-derived ions and matrix-derived ions are desorbed.
- a sugar chain having a peak mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2521 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is the result of mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- a sugar chain having a peak mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2216 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is a mass analysis using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- m / z mass-to-charge ratio
- a sugar chain having a mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of a peak by mass spectrometry of 2054 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- m / z mass-to-charge ratio
- a sugar chain having a peak mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2681 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is a mass analysis using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- m / z mass-to-charge ratio
- a sugar chain having a peak mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 3108 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is defined as mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is a sugar chain exhibiting a 3108 m / z mass spectrum peak, and its structural formula is
- a sugar chain having a peak mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 1326 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is defined as mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is a sugar chain exhibiting a mass spectrum peak of 1326 m / z, and its structural formula is presumed to be (Hex) 2 (HexNAc) 2 (Deoxyhexose) 1 (Table 1).
- a sugar chain having a mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of a peak of 1892 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is a mass analysis using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- m / z mass-to-charge ratio
- a sugar chain having a peak mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2172 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is defined as mass analysis using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- mass analysis using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer As a result, it is a sugar chain exhibiting a 2172 m / z mass spectrum peak, and its structural formula is estimated as (Hex) 2 (HexNAc) 1 (NeuAc) 1 + (Man) 3 (GlcNAc) 2 (Table 1). .
- a sugar chain having a peak mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2257 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is defined as mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is a sugar chain exhibiting a 2257 m / z mass spectrum peak, and its structural formula is presumed to be (Hex) 1 (HexNAc) 3 (Deoxyhexose) 1 + (Man) 3 (GlcNAc) 2 (Table 1). .
- a sugar chain having a mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of a peak of 2334 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is defined as mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer As a result, it is a sugar chain that exhibits a mass spectrum peak of 2334 m / z, and its structural formula is presumed to be (Hex) 3 (HexNAc) 1 (NeuAc) 1 + (Man) 3 (GlcNAc) 2 (Table 1). .
- a sugar chain having a peak mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2375 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is defined as mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is a sugar chain exhibiting a 2375 m / z mass spectrum peak, and its structural formula is presumed to be (Hex) 2 (HexNAc) 2 (NeuAc) 1 + (Man) 3 (GlcNAc) 2 (Table 1). .
- a sugar chain having a peak mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2639 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is defined as mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is a sugar chain exhibiting a 2639 m / z mass spectrum peak, and its structural formula is presumed to be (Hex) 3 (HexNAc) 4 + (Man) 3 (GlcNAc) 2 (Table 1).
- a sugar chain having a peak mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2703 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is defined as mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is a sugar chain exhibiting a 2703 m / z mass spectrum peak, and its structure is presumed to be the Na adduct of the sugar chain exhibiting the 2681 m / z mass spectrum peak (Table 1).
- a sugar chain having a peak mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2725 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is defined as mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is a sugar chain exhibiting a mass spectrum peak of 2725 m / z, and its structural formula is estimated as (Hex) 2 (HexNAc) 3 (Deoxyhexose) 1 (NeuAc) 1 + (Man) 3 (GlcNAc) 2 (Table 1).
- a sugar chain having a peak mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2827 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is a mass analysis using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- m / z mass-to-charge ratio
- a sugar chain having a peak mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 3030 by mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer is a mass analysis using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer.
- m / z mass-to-charge ratio
- the present invention is a method for examining digestive organ cancer, a step of releasing sugar chains from glycoproteins in blood collected from a subject (step (a)), and purifying the released sugar chains.
- the present invention also provides a method including a step (step (b)) and a step (step (c)) of detecting at least one sugar chain having the above structural formula in the purified sugar chain.
- an analyzer other than the MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer can be used.
- an ion source for example, an electron ionization method, a chemical ionization method, an electric field detachment method, a fast atom collision method, an electrospray ionization method, an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization method, or the like can be used.
- a method such as a deflection type, a quadrupole type, an ion trap type, or a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance type can be used.
- high performance liquid chromatography can be used, and the mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography can be used in combination.
- the result of sugar chain detection in the step (c) is compared with a control value (for example, a detection value in a healthy person or a detection value in a cancer patient) as necessary.
- a control value for example, a detection value in a healthy person or a detection value in a cancer patient
- the mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of the peak when performing mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS analyzer in pancreatic cancer patients, esophageal cancer patients, and gastric cancer patients is 2521, 2216, It was revealed that the detected value of the sugar chain indicating either of the above and 2054 was significantly lower than the detected value of the healthy subject.
- the subject when the detected value of these sugar chains is significantly lower than the detected value of a healthy person, or approximates the detected value of these cancer patients, the subject It is determined that there is a suspicion.
- the mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of the peak when performing mass spectrometry using a MALDI-TOF-MS type analyzer in pancreatic cancer patients and esophageal cancer patients is 2681, 3108, and 2695. It was revealed that the detected value of the sugar chain indicating any of the above was significantly higher than the detected value of the healthy subject.
- the subject when the detected value of these sugar chains is significantly higher than the detected value of the healthy person, or approximated to the detected value of these cancer patients, the subject It is determined that there is a suspicion.
- the examination of cancer in the present invention it is possible to improve the accuracy by conducting a cancer examination by combining the detection results of a plurality of sugar chains among the sugar chains.
- the accuracy of cancer testing can be enhanced by combining the cancer testing method of the present invention with other known cancer testing methods.
- Example 1 (1) Collection of blood Blood was collected from 17 patients with pancreatic cancer, 34 patients with esophageal cancer, 22 patients with gastric cancer, and 11 healthy persons as controls, with informed consent. Centrifuged. The obtained specimen (plasma) was anonymized to be connectable and then stored frozen at ⁇ 80 ° C. (2) Preparation of blood sample Plasma was treated with N-glycosidase F and trypsin for the purpose of releasing proteins and modified sugar chains. Specifically, pure water (165 ⁇ L), 1M ammonium bicarbonate (25 ⁇ L), and 120 mM dithiothreitol (25 ⁇ L) were added to 100 ⁇ L of plasma, allowed to stand at 60 ° C.
- an internal standard sugar chain solution was prepared by dissolving the internal standard glucose oligomer (1-20) (Seikagaku Corporation # 800111) in pure water at 10 mg / mL.
- 20 ⁇ L was treated with a sugar chain-supplemented bead (BlotGlyco (registered trademark) for MALDI (manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.)) to capture and label the released sugar chain.
- the peak area / total peak area (%) is significantly lower in cancer patients with sugar chains having a mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2521, 2216, or 2054, indicating 2681, 3108, or 2695. Sugar chains were significantly higher in cancer patients.
- the correct answer rate when using 2521 m / z sugar chain and 2216 m / z sugar chain is calculated based on six classifiers (Compound Covariate Predictor, Diagonal Linear Discriminant Analysis, 1-Nearest Neighbor Predictor, 3-Nearest Neighbor Predictor, Nearest Calculated with Centroid Predictor and Support Vector Machine Predictor.
- six classifiers Compound Covariate Predictor, Diagonal Linear Discriminant Analysis, 1-Nearest Neighbor Predictor, 3-Nearest Neighbor Predictor, Nearest Calculated with Centroid Predictor and Support Vector Machine Predictor.
- the structural formula of the sugar chain was predicted from the signal obtained as a result of mass spectrometry.
- the sugar chain having a mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2521 has the structure
- the sugar chain that is expected to have a mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2216 has the structure
- the sugar chain that is expected to have a mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2054 has the structure
- the sugar chain that is expected to have a mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 2680 has the structure
- the sugar chain that is expected to have a mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of 3108 has the structure
- Example 2 (1) Collection of blood Blood was collected from 17 patients with pancreatic cancer with informed consent and 11 healthy subjects as controls, and the plasma was centrifuged. The obtained specimen (plasma) was anonymized to be connectable and then stored frozen at ⁇ 80 ° C. (2) Preparation of blood sample Plasma was treated with N-glycosidase F and trypsin for the purpose of releasing proteins and modified sugar chains. Specifically, pure water (165 ⁇ L), 1M ammonium bicarbonate (25 ⁇ L), and 120 mM dithiothreitol (25 ⁇ L) were added to 100 ⁇ L of plasma, allowed to stand at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then 123 mM iodoacetamide (50 ⁇ L).
- BlotGlyco registered trademark
- MALDI manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.
- Autoflex III smartbeam TOF / TOF manufactured by Bruker Daltonics
- software attached to the device for example, flexControl, flexAnalysis
- Laser ionization was usually performed in positive ion mode and detected in reflector mode.
- Peaks common to pancreatic cancer patients are collected, and the areas of each peak of pancreatic cancer patients and healthy subjects are analyzed using multivariate analysis software SIMCA-P / P + (manufactured by UMETRICS), and two groups (patient group, healthy) The peak combinations that can be separated into a group of individuals were determined.
- ⁇ mass [measured value m / z]-[theoretical value m / z] +:
- the structure shown on the right side of “+” is a basic structure, and the structure shown on the left side is an additional structure.
- Hex hexose (mannose)
- HexNAc N-acetylhexosamine (N-acetylglucosamine)
- Deoxyhexose fucose
- Man mannose
- GlcNAc N-acetylglycosamine
- NeuAc N-acetylneuraminic acid
- the present invention since a specific N-linked sugar chain is detected in blood collected from a subject, it is possible to easily test for digestive organ cancer at an early stage of cancer.
- the present invention is particularly useful in the medical field.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、腫瘍マーカーは、進行した悪性腫瘍の動態を把握するために使用されているのが現状であり、腫瘍マーカーを利用した癌の検出・診断方法として、早期診断に使用できるものは確立されていない。特に膵臓癌は、早期診断が困難であり、治療成績も不良なため、スクリーニングに応用できる方法の開発が急務である。
[1] 消化器癌の検査方法であって、
(a)被検者より採取された血液中の糖タンパクから糖鎖を遊離させる工程、
(b)遊離させた糖鎖を精製する工程、および
(c)精製した糖鎖において、下記(i)および(ii)の特性を示す糖鎖を検出する工程、を含む方法。
(ii) MALDI-TOF-MS型分析機による質量分析を行った場合、ピークの質量電荷比(m/z)が、2521、2216、2054、2681、3108、2695、1326、1892、2172、2257、2334、2375、2639、2703、2725、2827、および3030のいずれかを示す
[2] 消化器癌の検査方法であって、
(a)被検者より採取された血液中の糖タンパクから糖鎖を遊離させる工程、
(b)遊離させた糖鎖を精製する工程、および
(c)精製した糖鎖において、下記の少なくともいずれか1つの糖鎖を検出する工程、を含む方法。
(ii) MALDI-TOF-MS型分析機による質量分析を行った場合におけるピークの質量電荷比(m/z)が、2521、2216、2054、2681、3108、2695、1326、1892、2172、2257、2334、2375、2639、2703、2725、2827、および3030のいずれかを示す。
(1)血液の採取
インフォームド・コンセントの得られた、膵臓癌患者17例、食道癌患者34例、胃癌患者22例の患者、および対照として健常者11例より血液を採取し、血漿を遠心分離した。得られた検体(血漿)は連結可能匿名化を行った後、-80℃で凍結保存した。
(2)血液サンプルの作製
タンパク質と修飾糖鎖を遊離させる目的で、血漿をN-グリコシダーゼF及びトリプシンにより処理した。具体的には、100μLの血漿に、純水(165μL)、1M重炭酸アンモニウム(25μL)、及び120mM ジチオスレイトール(25μL)を加え、60℃で30分間静置した後、123mM ヨードアセトアミド(50μL)を加え、室温、遮光下で1時間静置した。続いて、トリプシン(2000unit、25μL)を加え、37℃で1時間静置した後、80℃で15分間加熱することによりトリプシンを変性させた。室温まで冷却させた後に、N-グリコシダーゼF(10unit、10μL)を加え、37℃でオーバーナイト静置した。80℃で15分間加熱することにより、酵素を変性させ、最終量400μLの酵素処理血漿サンプルを得た。また、内部標準グルコースオリゴマー(1-20)(生化学工業 #800111)を10mg/mLとなるように純水に溶解し、内部標準糖鎖溶液を作製した。上記酵素処理血漿サンプル95μLに対し、内部標準糖鎖溶液5μL(=50μg相当)を添加し、全量100μLの溶液を調製した。このうち、20μLを糖鎖補足ビーズ(BlotGlyco(登録商標)for MALDI(住友ベークライト株式会社製))により処理し、遊離した糖鎖の捕捉、及びラベル化を行った。
(3)糖鎖分析の結果解析
ビーズに捕捉された糖鎖を精製・分離し、マトリックス(2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid)溶液と混合して、MALDI-TOF-MS測定に供した。質量分析器としては、Autoflex III smartbeam TOF/TOF(Bruker Daltonics社製)を用いた。また、データの収集・解析には該機器附属のソフトウェア (例えば、flexControl, flexAnalysis)を用いた。また、レーザーイオン化は、通常ポジティブイオンモードで行い、リフレクターモードで検出した。
(1)血液の採取
インフォームド・コンセントの得られた、膵臓癌患者17例、および対照として健常者11例より血液を採取し、血漿を遠心分離した。得られた検体(血漿)は連結可能匿名化を行った後、-80℃で凍結保存した。
(2)血液サンプルの作製
タンパク質と修飾糖鎖を遊離させる目的で、血漿をN-グリコシダーゼF及びトリプシンにより処理した。具体的には、100μLの血漿に、純水(165μL)、1M重炭酸アンモニウム(25μL)、及び120mM ジチオスレイトール(25μL)を加え、60℃で30分間静置した後、123mM ヨードアセトアミド(50μL)を加え、室温、遮光下で1時間静置した。続いて、トリプシン(2000unit、25μL)を加え、37℃で1時間静置した後、80℃で15分間加熱することによりトリプシンを変性させた。室温まで冷却させた後に、N-グリコシダーゼF(10unit、10μL)を加え、37℃でオーバーナイト静置した。80℃で15分間加熱することにより、酵素を変性させ、最終量400μLの酵素処理血漿サンプルを得た。また、内部標準グルコースオリゴマー(1-20)(生化学工業 #800111)を10mg/mLとなるように純水に溶解し、内部標準糖鎖溶液を作製した。上記酵素処理血漿サンプル95μLに対し、内部標準糖鎖溶液5μL(=50μg相当)を添加し、全量100μLの溶液を調製した。このうち、20μLを糖鎖補足ビーズ(BlotGlyco(登録商標)for MALDI(住友ベークライト株式会社製))により処理し、遊離した糖鎖の捕捉、及びラベル化を行った。
(3)糖鎖分析の結果解析
ビーズに捕捉された糖鎖を精製・分離し、マトリックス(2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid)溶液と混合して、MALDI-TOF-MS測定に供した。質量分析器としては、Autoflex III smartbeam TOF/TOF(Bruker Daltonics社製)を用いた。また、データの収集・解析には該機器附属のソフトウェア (例えば、flexControl, flexAnalysis)を用いた。また、レーザーイオン化は、通常ポジティブイオンモードで行い、リフレクターモードで検出した。
δmass = [測定値 m/z]-[理論値 m/z]
+:「+」の右側に示された構造が基本構造であり、左側に示された構造が付加構造である。
Hex: hexose(mannose)
HexNAc: N-acetylhexosamine(N-acetylglucosamine)
Deoxyhexose: fucose
Man: mannose
GlcNAc: N-acetylglycosamine
NeuAc: N-acetylneuraminic acid
Claims (3)
- 消化器癌の検査方法であって、
(a)被検者より採取された血液中の糖タンパクから糖鎖を遊離させる工程、
(b)遊離させた糖鎖を精製する工程、および
(c)精製した糖鎖において、下記(i)および(ii)の特性を示す糖鎖を検出する工程、を含む方法。
(i) N結合型糖鎖である
(ii) MALDI-TOF-MS型分析機による質量分析を行った場合、ピークの質量電荷比(m/z)が、2521、2216、2054、2681、3108、2695、1326、1892、2172、2257、2334、2375、2639、2703、2725、2827、および3030のいずれかを示す - 消化器癌が、膵臓癌、食道癌、または胃癌である、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
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JIA ZHAO ET AL.: "Glycoprotein Microarrays with Multi-Lectin Detection: Unique Lectin Binding Patterns as a Tool for Classifying Normal, Chronic Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer Sera", JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH, vol. 6, 2007, pages 1864 - 1874 * |
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MIYAKO NAKANO ET AL.: "Site-specific analysis of N-glycans on haptoglobin in sera of patients with pancreatic cancer: A novel approach for the development of tumor markers", INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, vol. 122, 2008, pages 2301 - 2309 * |
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