WO2011091571A1 - 天然气发动机 - Google Patents
天然气发动机 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011091571A1 WO2011091571A1 PCT/CN2010/001868 CN2010001868W WO2011091571A1 WO 2011091571 A1 WO2011091571 A1 WO 2011091571A1 CN 2010001868 W CN2010001868 W CN 2010001868W WO 2011091571 A1 WO2011091571 A1 WO 2011091571A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- natural gas
- ignition
- sensor
- valve
- electronic throttle
- Prior art date
Links
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/029—Arrangement on engines or vehicle bodies; Conversion to gaseous fuel supply systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
- F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/34—Lateral camshaft position
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Definitions
- the present invention is in the field of engine technology, and more particularly to a natural gas engine modified from a diesel engine.
- the fuel of the engine is mainly gasoline and diesel.
- gasoline engines need to increase the three-way catalyst; diesel engines need to use advanced electronically controlled high-pressure fuel injection technology, advanced supercharged intercooling technology, advanced combustion control technology, advanced post-processing technology, etc. Combine them and apply them to meet strict emission regulations.
- the application of these advanced means and devices requires a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, requires complex matching development processes, is costly, and is expensive.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a natural gas engine modified from a diesel engine in view of the deficiencies in the prior art, which is simple in modification, does not consume a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources, and can meet the requirements of energy saving and environmental protection. , and the development cycle is shorter.
- the natural gas engine is modified from a diesel engine, and includes a diesel engine body.
- the diesel engine body is provided with a sensing system, and is characterized by further comprising an air intake system, a fuel supply system, an ignition system, and a transmission.
- Sense system and ignition controller ECU is provided with a sensing system, and is characterized by further comprising an air intake system, a fuel supply system, an ignition system, and a transmission.
- the air intake system is installed on one side of the cylinder head of the engine, the air intake system includes an air filter intake pipe and an intake pipe, and the air filter intake pipe is used to open air, and the intake pipe is connected to the combustion chamber of the engine;
- the fuel supply system includes a low-pressure natural gas source, a gas shut-off valve, a pressure regulating valve, a proportional valve, a mixer tube, and an electronic throttle.
- the low-pressure natural gas source is connected to the gas shut-off valve
- the gas shut-off valve is connected to the pressure regulating valve
- the valve is connected, the proportional valve is connected to one inlet of the mixer tube, the other inlet on the mixer tube is connected to the air filter inlet pipe in the intake system, the outlet of the mixer tube is connected to the electronic throttle, the electronic throttle and the intake system
- the intake pipes are connected;
- the ignition system includes an ignition coil and a spark plug.
- the spark plug is mounted on the cylinder head of the engine. One end of the spark plug extends into the combustion chamber, and the other end of the spark plug is connected to the ignition coil. Below the trachea, the ignition coil is connected to the ignition controller ECU through a wire;
- Each sensor in the sensing system is connected to the ignition controller ECU through a wire and transmits a signal.
- the ignition controller ECU is connected to the proportional valve and the electronic throttle in the fuel supply system, respectively, and transmits commands, and the proportional gas is used to control the gas to enter the mixer tube.
- the flow rate is controlled by electronic throttle control to control the flow of the mixture into the cylinder.
- a baffle is connected between the air filter inlet pipe and the mixer pipe, and the baffle plate is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion on a surface inside the mixer pipe.
- a Zener tube is connected between the intake pipe and the electronic throttle.
- the cylinder head is a flat-bottomed cylinder head, and a piston-shaped combustion chamber is disposed at a top of the piston in the cylinder at a center position of the spark plug.
- the dimple-shaped combustion chamber is a cylindrical revolving structure.
- the sensing system includes a crank angle sensor, a camshaft angle sensor, a crankshaft speed sensor, an intake air temperature pressure sensor, a water temperature sensor, an oxygen sensor, an oil pressure sensor, and an oil temperature sensor.
- the invention has the advantages that:
- the present invention appropriately improves the cylinder head, the piston combustion chamber, the intake system, the combustion supply system, and the ignition system of the existing diesel engine, thereby making it an engine capable of burning natural gas, which can meet increasingly strict requirements.
- the emission requirements; and the modification is convenient, and does not require a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources.
- the invention effectively increases the uniformity of the air intake distribution of each cylinder by providing a voltage stabilizing tube between the electronic throttle valve and the intake pipe, reduces the change of the air-fuel ratio of each cylinder of the engine, reduces the combustion cycle variation rate, and improves The fuel consumption and emission levels of the engine.
- the air intake system of the present invention is provided with a baffle before the air enters the mixer pipe, and the baffle plate can enhance the mixing of the air and the gas, and is favorable for the full combustion of the mixture.
- the structure of the combustion chamber of the invention is ingenious and reasonable, has good processability, and the combustion chamber is fully machined, has precise shape and volume, and can achieve the best compression combustion ratio and more precise ignition of natural gas. Time to meet the combustion requirements of natural gas engines.
- the combustion supply system and the ignition system of the present invention are controlled by the ignition controller ECU, and the operation state of the engine in various states can be effectively controlled.
- Figure 1 is a side view of the entire machine of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the entire machine of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the entire machine of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the positional structure of the combustion chamber of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a top plan view of the piston of Figure 4.
- Figure 6 is a schematic view of the intake system of the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a schematic view of an air deflector of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of Figure 7
- Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of a fuel supply system of the present invention.
- Figure 10 is a schematic view of the ignition system of the present invention.
- the present invention is modified from a diesel engine, and the modified portion is mainly a cylinder head 1 of the engine, a piston combustion chamber 2, an intake system 3, a fuel supply system 4, and an ignition system 5;
- the intake system 3 Mainly composed of air filter intake pipe 3a, deflector 3b, Zener pipe 3c and intake pipe 3d;
- fuel supply system 4 mainly consists of low pressure natural gas source, gas shut-off valve 4a, pressure regulating valve 4b, gas pipe 4c, proportional valve 4d,
- the air pipe 4e, the mixer pipe 4f, and the electronic throttle 4g are composed;
- the ignition system 5 is mainly composed of an ignition coil 5a, a high voltage wire 5b, and a spark plug 5c.
- the intake system 3 is mounted on the cylinder head 1 side of the engine, the air filter intake pipe 3a in the intake system 3 is used to open the air, and the air filter intake pipe 3a is passed through the air deflector.
- the natural gas source is connected to the gas shut-off valve 4a, the gas shut-off valve 4a is directly connected to the pressure regulating valve 4b, the pressure regulating valve 4b is connected to the proportional valve 4d through the gas pipe 4c, and the proportional valve 4d is connected to the other inlet of the mixer pipe 4f through the gas pipe 4e.
- the natural gas as fuel passes into the mixer tube 4f and is evenly mixed with the air.
- the outlet of the mixer tube 4f is connected to the electronic throttle 4g, and the electronic throttle is connected to the Zener tube 3c in the intake system 3, and the Zener tube 3c and Intake pipe 3d connected, intake pipe 3d
- the mixed gas enters the combustion chamber 2;
- the spark plug 5c in the ignition system 5 is mounted on the engine cylinder head 1, and one end of the spark plug 5c projects into the combustion chamber 2, and the spark plug 5c
- the other end is connected to the ignition coil 5a via a high voltage line 5b, and each of the spark plugs 5c is separately connected to the ignition coil 5a;
- the ignition coil 5a is disposed under the intake pipe 3d, and the ignition coil 5a is connected to the ignition controller ECU through a wire; each of the sensing systems
- the sensor is connected to the ignition controller ECU through a wire and transmits a signal.
- the ignition controller ECU is connected to the proportional valve 4d and the electronic throttle 4g in the fuel supply system 4, respectively, and transmits a command to control the gas into the mixer tube 4f by a proportionally wide 4d.
- the flow rate is controlled by the electronic throttle 4g to control the flow rate of the mixed gas into the cylinder.
- the cylinder head 1 adopts a flat bottom cylinder head 1 in which a piston is mounted, and a pit-shaped combustion chamber 2 is disposed at a center of the piston top relative to the spark plug 5c.
- 2 is a cylindrical revolving structure with good processability.
- the combustion chamber 2 is fully machined, with precise shape and volume.
- the surface of the combustion chamber 2 is smooth and compact, and the compression ratio can be increased to 12, which can achieve natural gas.
- the best compression-to-burn ratio and precise ignition time can meet the combustion requirements of natural gas engines.
- a Zener tube 3c is connected between the mixer tube 4f and the intake pipe 3d, and the mixed gas which is sufficiently mixed in the mixer tube 4f first controls the flow rate through the electronic throttle 4g, and then enters the Zener tube 3c.
- the voltage regulator tube 3c is for improving the uniformity of the air intake distribution of each cylinder, reducing the change of the air-fuel ratio of each cylinder of the engine, reducing the combustion cycle variation rate, and improving the fuel consumption and emission level of the engine.
- the baffle plate 3b is provided with an arc-shaped projection on the surface of the mixer tube 4f.
- the baffle of this structure can allow the air entering the mixer tube 4f to be The natural gas as a fuel is well mixed to contribute to the full combustion of the mixture.
- each sensor on the engine (Includes a crank angle sensor (6a) mounted on the front end of the crankshaft, a camshaft angle sensor (6b) mounted on the gear chamber cover, a crankshaft speed sensor (6c) mounted on the flywheel housing, and a pressure regulator tube (3c)
- the condition of the engine is measured and a signal is transmitted to the ignition controller ECU.
- the ignition controller ECU makes a comprehensive judgment on the engine to determine the optimum intake air amount of the engine, and sends a command to the proportional valve 4d and the electronic throttle connected thereto through signal conversion.
- the flow rate of the natural gas entering the mixer tube 4f is controlled by the proportionally wide 4d, and the flow rate of the mixed gas entering the cylinder is controlled by the electronic throttle 4g, so that the engine has good power and discharge;
- the ignition coil 5a also passes the ignition controller
- the ECU controls the ignition controller ECU to make a comprehensive judgment on the condition of the engine based on the signals transmitted from the sensors, determine the optimum ignition advance angle of the engine, and then achieve engine ignition through the ignition coil 5a.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Description
天然气发动机 技术领域
本发明属于发动机技术领域, 具体地说是涉及一种由柴油发动机改装而 成的天然气发动机。
背景技术
在现有技术中, 发动机的燃料主要以汽油与柴油为主, 但目前随着石油 资源的枯竭、 短缺、 环境污染和全球气候日益变暖等一系列问题日益突出, 世界各国都把节能、 减少污染物等放在首位, 并且制订了日益严格的节能和 排放法规, 目前柴油机与汽油机的燃油系统与增压系统将难以满足未来的排 放法规要求, 为寻求发动机的高效清洁燃烧, 必须对燃油系统与增压系统进 行改进, 像汽油机需通过增加三元催化剂; 柴油机需要采用先进的电控高压 燃油喷射技术、 先进的增压中冷技术、 先进的燃烧控制技术、 先进的后处理 技术等, 需要把他们组合起来应用, 才能满足严格的排放法规。 而这些先进 的手段和装置的应用需要花费很大的人力、 物力和财力, 需要复杂的匹配开 发过程, 成本高, 装置也很昂贵。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术中的不足之处, 提供一种由柴油发动机 改装而成的天然气发动机, 该发动机改装简单, 不耗费很大的人力、 物力和 财力, 能够满足节能环保的要求, 并且开发周期较短。
按照本发明提供的技术方案,所述天然气发动机由柴油发动机改装而成, 包括柴油机体,柴油机体上设置有传感系统,其特征在于还包括有进气系统、 燃料供给系统、 点火系统、 传感系统和点火控制器 ECU;
进气系统安装在发动机气缸盖一侧,进气系统包括空滤进气管和进气管, 空滤进气管用于通入空气, 进气管与发动机的燃烧室相连通;
燃料供给系统包括低压天然气源、 燃气切断阀、 压力调节阀、 比例阀、 混合器管和电子节气门, 低压天然气源与燃气切断阀相连, 燃气切断阀与压 力调节阀相连,压力调节阀与比例阀相连, 比例阀与混合器管一个进口相连, 混合器管上的另一个进口与进气系统中的空滤进气管相连, 混合器管的出口 连接电子节气门, 电子节气门与进气系统中的进气管相连;
点火系统包括点火线圈和火花塞, 火花塞安装在发动机气缸盖上, 火花 塞的一端伸入燃烧室内, 火花塞的另一端连接点火线圈, 点火线圈设置在进
气管下面, 点火线圈通过导线与点火控制器 ECU相连;
传感系统中的各传感器通过导线与点火控制器 ECU相连并传输信号,点 火控制器 ECU与燃料供给系统中的比例阀和电子节气门分别相连并传输指 令, 通过比例阀控制燃气进入混合器管的流量, 通过电子节气门控制控制混 合气进入气缸的流量。
作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述空滤进气管与混合器管之间连接有导流 板, 导流板位于混合器管内的面上设有圆弧状凸起。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述进气管与电子节气门之间连接有稳压管。 作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述气缸盖采用平底气缸盖, 气缸内的活塞 顶部相对火花塞的中心位置设有一凹坑形燃烧室。
作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述凹坑形燃烧室为圆柱形回转体结构。 · 作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述传感系统包括曲轴转角传感器、 凸轮轴 转角传感器、 曲轴转速传感器、 进气温度压力传感器、 水温传感器、 氧传感 器、 机油压力传感器和机油温度传感器。
本发明与现有技术相比, 优点在于:
( 1 )、本发明通过对现有柴油发动机的气缸盖、活塞燃烧室、进气系统、 燃烧供给系统和点火系统进行适当的改进, 使其成为一种能燃烧天然气的发 动机, 能满足日益严格的排放要求; 而且改装方便, 不需要花费很大的人力、 物力和财力。
(2)、 本发明通过在电子节气门与进气管之间设置稳压管, 有效提高了 各缸进气分配均匀性, 减少了发动机各缸空燃比的变化, 降低了燃烧循环变 动率, 改善了发动机的燃料消耗和排放水平。
( 3 )、 本发明的进气系统在空气进入混合器管之前设置有导流板, 导流 板能够增强了空气与燃气的混合, 有利于混合气的充分燃烧。
(4)、 本发明的燃烧室结构巧妙合理, 具有良好的工艺性, 燃烧室全部 机加工而成, 有精确的形状和容积, 能使天然气达到了最佳的压缩燃烧比和 更加精确的点火时间, 满足天然气发动机的燃烧要求。
( 5 )、本发明的燃烧供给系统、点火系统通过点火控制器 ECU控制, 可 以有效的控制发动机在各种状态下的运行状况。
附图说明
图 1为本发明的整机侧视图。
图 2为本发明的整机正视图。
图 3为本发明的整机剖视图。
图 4为本发明燃烧室的位置结构示意图。
图 5为图 4中活塞的顶部俯视图。
图 6为本发明的进气系统示意图。
图 7为本发明的空气导流板示意图。
图 8为图 7的结构剖视图
图 9为本发明的燃料供给系统示意图。
图 10为本发明的点火系统示意图。
附图标记说明: 1一气缸盖、 2—燃烧室、 3—进气系统、 3a—空滤进气管、 3b 一导流板、 3c—稳压管、 3d—进气管、 4一燃料供给系统、 4a—燃气切断阀、 4b—压力调节阀、 4c一气管、 4d—比例阀、 4e—气管、 4f一混合器管、 4g— 电子节气门、 5—点火系统、 5a—点火线圈、 5b—高压线、 5c—火花塞、 6a 一曲轴转角传感器、 6b—凸轮轴转角传感器、 6c—曲轴转速传感器、 6d—进 气温度压力传感器、 6e—水温传感器、 6f—氧传感器、 6g—机油压力传感器、 6h—机油温度传感器。
具体实施方式
下面本发明将结合附图中的实施例作进一步描述:
如图所示, 本发明是由柴油发动机改装而成, 改装部分主要是发动机的 气缸盖 1、 活塞燃烧室 2、进气系统 3、燃料供给系统 4和点火系统 5 ; 其中, 进气系统 3主要由空滤进气管 3a、 导流板 3b、 稳压管 3c和进气管 3d组成; 燃料供给系统 4主要由低压天然气源、燃气切断阀 4a、压力调节阀 4b、气管 4c、 比例阀 4d、 气管 4e、 混合器管 4f和电子节气门 4g组成; 点火系统 5主 要由点火线圈 5a、 高压线 5b和火花塞 5c组成。
如图 1~图 10所示, 进气系统 3安装在发动机的气缸盖 1一侧, 进气系 统 3 中的空滤进气管 3a用于通入空气, 空滤进气管 3a通过空气导流板 3b 与燃料供给系统 4中混合器管 4f的一个进口相连, 从空滤进气管 3a中进入 的空气通过空气导流板 3b上开设的气孔进入混合器管 4f内; 燃料供给系统 4中的低压天然气源与燃气切断阀 4a相连, 燃气切断阀 4a与压力调节阀 4b 直接相连, 压力调节阀 4b通过气管 4c与比例阀 4d相连, 比例阀 4d通过气 管 4e与混合器管 4f的另一个进口相连, 作为燃料的天然气通入混合器管 4f 后与空气混合均匀, 混合器管 4f的出口连接电子节气门 4g, 电子节气门 与进气系统 3中的稳压管 3c相连, 稳压管 3c与进气管 3d相连, 进气管 3d
与发动机的燃烧室 2a相连通, 混合气由此进入燃烧室 2内; 所述点火系统 5 中的火花塞 5c安装在发动机气缸盖 1上,火花塞 5c的一端伸入燃烧室 2内, 火花塞 5c的另一端通过高压线 5b连接点火线圈 5a, 每个火花塞 5c与点火 线圈 5a单独连接供电; 点火线圈 5a设置在进气管 3d下面, 点火线圈 5a通 过导线与点火控制器 ECU相连;传感系统中的各传感器通过导线与点火控制 器 ECU相连并传输信号, 点火控制器 ECU与燃料供给系统 4中的比例阀 4d 和电子节气门 4g分别相连并传输指令, 通过比例阔 4d控制燃气进入混合器 管 4f的流量, 通过电子节气门 4g控制控制混合气进入气缸的流量。
如图 4、图 5所示,所述气缸盖 1采用平底气缸盖 1,活塞安装在气缸中, 在活塞顶部相对火花塞 5c的中心位置设有一凹坑形燃烧室 2,该凹坑形燃烧 室 2为圆柱形回转体结构, 具有较好的工艺性, 燃烧室 2全部机加工而成, 有精确的形状和容积, 燃烧室 2表面光滑、 紧凑, 压缩比可提高到 12, 能使 天然气达到了最佳的压缩燃烧比, 精确的点火时间, 能够满足天然气发动机 的燃烧要求。
如图 6所示, 在混合器管 4f和进气管 3d中间连接有稳压管 3c, 混合器 管 4f中充分混合后的混合气首先通过电子节气门 4g控制流量, 然后进入稳 压管 3c内, 稳压管 3c是为了提高各缸进气分配均匀性, 减少发动机各缸空 燃比的变化, 降低燃烧循环变动率, 改善了发动机的燃料消耗和排放水平。
如图 7〜图 9所示, 所述导流板 3b位于混合器管 4f内的面上设有圆弧状 凸起,这种结构的导流板可以使进入混合器管 4f内的空气与作为燃料的天然 气充分混合, 有助于混合气的充分燃烧。
本发明的工作过程及工作原理如下:
发动机启动时, 空气经由空滤进气管 3a进入混合器管 4f 内, 低压天然 气从燃气切断阀 4a进入, 通过压力调节阀 4b调节压力, 然后经由比例阀 4d 进入混合器管 4f 内, 空气和作为燃料的天然气在混合器管 4f 中充分混合, 然后经由电子节气门 4g控制进入量进入稳压管 3c、进气管 3d进入发动机各 气缸的燃烧室 2内; 在上述过程中, 发动机上的各传感器 (包括安装在曲轴 前端的曲轴转角传感器(6a)、安装在齿轮室盖上的凸轮轴转角传感器(6b)、 安装在飞轮壳上的曲轴转速传感器(6c)、 安装在稳压管(3c)上的进气温度 压力传感器 (6d)、 安装在出水口座上的水温传感器 (6e)、 安装在排气管上 的氧传感器(6f)、 安装在机体主油道上的机油压力传感器(6g)和机油温度 传感器 (6h)。 分别通过导线与点火控制器 ECU相连, 各传感器实时感应检
测发动机的状况并传输信号给点火控制器 ECU, 点火控制器 ECU对发动机 做出综合判断, 确定发动机最适宜的进气量, 通过信号转换, 发送指令给与 其相连的比例阀 4d和电子节气门 4g,通过比例阔 4d控制天然气进入混合器 管 4f的流量, 通过电子节气门 4g控制控制混合气进入气缸的流量, 从而使 发动机具有很好的动力性和排放;点火线圈 5a也通过点火控制器 ECU控制, 点火控制器 ECU 根据各传感器传输来的信号, 对发动机的状况做出综合判 断,确定发动机最适宜的点火提前角,然后通过点火线圈 5a实现发动机点火。
Claims
1、 一种天然气发动机, 其由柴油发动机改装而成, 包括柴油机体, 柴 油机体上设置有传感系统, 其特征在于还包括有进气系统 (3 )、 燃料供给 系统 (4)、 点火系统 (5 )、 传感器系统和点火控制器 (ECU);
进气系统 (3 ) 安装在发动机气缸盖 (1 ) 一侧, 进气系统 (3 )包括空 滤进气管 (3a) 和进气管 (3d), 空滤进气管 (3a) 用于通入空气, 进气管 ( 3d) 与发动机的燃烧室 (2 ) 相连通;
燃料供给系统 (4 ) 包括低压天然气源、 燃气切断阀 (4a)、 压力调节 阀 (4b)、 比例阀 (4d)、 混合器管 (4f) 和电子节气门 (4g), 低压天然气 源与燃气切断阀 (4a) 相连, 燃气切断阀 (4a) 与压力调节阀 (4b) 相连, 压力调节阀 (4b) 与比例阀 (4d) 相连, 比例阀 (4d) 与混合器管 (4f) 一个进口相连, 混合器管 (4f) 上的另一个进口与进气系统 (3 ) 中的空滤 进气管 (3a) 相连, 混合器管 (4f) 的出口连接电子节气门 (4g), 电子节 气门 (4g) 与进气系统 (3 ) 中的稳压管 (3c) 相连;
点火系统 (5 ) 包括点火线圈 (5a) 和火花塞 (5c), 火花塞 (5c ) 安 装在发动机气缸盖 (1 ) 上, 火花塞 (5c) 的一端伸入燃烧室 (2 ) 内, 火 花塞(5c)的另一端连接点火线圈(5a), 点火线圈(5a)设置在进气管(3d) 下面, 点火线圈 (5a) 通过导线与点火控制器 (ECU) 相连;
传感器系统中的传感器通过导线与点火控制器 (ECU) 相连并传输信 号, 点火控制器 (ECU) 与燃料供给系统 (4 ) 中的比例阀 (4d) 和电子节 气门 (4g) 分别相连并传输指令, 通过比例阀 (4d) 控制燃气进入混合器 管 (4f) 的流量, 通过电子节气门 (4g) 控制控制混合气进入气缸的流量。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的天然气发动机, 其特征还在于: 所述空滤进气 管 (3a) 与混合器管 (4f) 之间连接有导流板 (3b), 导流板 (3b) 位于混 合器管 (4f) 内的面上设有圆弧状凸起。
3、如权利要求 1所述的天然气发动机,其特征还在于:所述进气管(3d) 与电子节气门 (4g) 之间连接有稳压管 (3c)。
4、如权利要求 1所述的天然气发动机,其特征还在于:所述气缸盖( 1 ) 采用平底气缸盖 (1 ), 气缸内的活塞顶部相对火花塞 (5c) 的中心位置设 有一凹坑形的燃烧室 (2)。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的天然气发动机, 其特征还在于: 所述凹坑形的 燃烧室 (2) 为圆柱形回转体结构。
6、如权利要求 1所述的天然气发动机, 其特征还在于, 所述传感系统包 括安装在曲轴前端的曲轴转角传感器(6a)、安装在齿轮室盖上的凸轮轴转角 传感器(6b)、 安装在飞轮壳上的曲轴转速传感器(6c)、 安装在稳压管(3c) 上的进气温度压力传感器 (6d)、 安装在出水口座上的水温传感器 (6e)、 安 装在排气管上的氧传感器(6f)、安装在机体主油道上的机油压力传感器(6g) 和机油温度传感器 (6h)。
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