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WO2011050598A1 - 一种多回路控制电路及其控制方法、一种装饰灯及装饰灯组 - Google Patents

一种多回路控制电路及其控制方法、一种装饰灯及装饰灯组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011050598A1
WO2011050598A1 PCT/CN2010/071019 CN2010071019W WO2011050598A1 WO 2011050598 A1 WO2011050598 A1 WO 2011050598A1 CN 2010071019 W CN2010071019 W CN 2010071019W WO 2011050598 A1 WO2011050598 A1 WO 2011050598A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control
control switch
switch
main line
control unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/071019
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
樊邦扬
Original Assignee
鹤山丽得电子实业有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 鹤山丽得电子实业有限公司 filed Critical 鹤山丽得电子实业有限公司
Publication of WO2011050598A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011050598A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S4/00—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources
    • F21S4/10—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources attached to loose electric cables, e.g. Christmas tree lights
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S4/00—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources
    • F21S4/20—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2121/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for decorative purposes, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2121/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for decorative purposes, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
    • F21W2121/006—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for decorative purposes, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for illumination or simulation of snowy or iced items, e.g. icicle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-loop control circuit and a control method thereof, a decorative lamp and a decorative lamp set. ⁇ Background technique ⁇
  • the traditional decorative light string is generally set to have stroboscopic or discolored or both functions, especially Christmas lights, in order to create an ice and snow atmosphere, a kind of snowing
  • the effect of decorative string lights is getting more and more popular.
  • the circuit schematic of the prior art decorative lamp product is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the existing design uses N+1 main lines to realize the circuit design of N circuits, and the product shown in the figure includes 16 serial strings 10
  • the series string 10 is composed of three LED diodes connected in series, one end of each series string 10 is connected in parallel with the main line L17, the main line L17 is electrically connected to the DC power source, and the other end of each series string 10 is sequentially
  • the main lines L01 to L16 are connected, and the end points of the main lines L01 to L16 are connected to the control chip to form 16 circuit loops, and the lighting and duration of each series string 10 are controlled by the control chip.
  • the entire decorative light has a tapered line.
  • the shape is ugly, the overall decorative effect is poor, and the main line is especially wasted.
  • N loops are to be realized, it is necessary to have N main lines and control chip connection control. If the decorative light uses more loops, the whole Circuit design is particularly complicated; similarly, if there are more loops, the number of pins of the control chip used is also increased, the corresponding control circuit board is correspondingly increased and the electronic components are also increased, and the shape of the decorative lamp is big and big. Small defects, the more loops of decorative lights, the higher the cost, and this design is not easy to be widely used in the market.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-loop control circuit and a control method thereof, a decorative lamp and a decorative lamp set, which have less main lines, low cost and simple circuit structure.
  • a multi-loop control circuit including a control unit for outputting a control signal powered by a power input unit, and at least two main lines, at least two first control switches And at least two second control switches; a first end of each main line is connected to the power terminal through the first control switch, grounded through the second control switch, and is further connected in parallel between the second ends of any two main lines Connecting two sets of LEDs having opposite polarities; the control ends of the first control switch and the second control switch are respectively connected to the output end of the control unit, and the first control switch and the second control switch receive the control The control signal output by the unit is in an on or off state according to the control signal.
  • a decorative lamp comprising a controller, a lamp tube and at least two main lines; the controller comprising at least two first control switches and at least two second control switches, and a control unit; the first end of each main line passes The first control switch is connected to the power terminal, and is grounded by the second control switch; the control ends of the first control switch and the second control switch are connected to the output end of the control unit, the first control switch And the second control switch is in an on or off state according to the control signal output by the control unit;
  • the lamp tube includes a core wire, and the main wire is disposed in the core wire between the second ends of any two main wires Also connected in parallel with two sets of opposite polarity LEDs, longitudinal through holes are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the core wires, open slots are formed along the longitudinal through holes, and the LEDs are disposed in the longitudinal through holes,
  • the exterior is also covered with a light transmissive skin.
  • a decorative light set comprising at least two decorative lights as described above, wherein two main conductors are arranged in the transparent outer skin of each decorative light, and the power input ends of the controllers of each decorative light respectively Wire connection.
  • a decorative lamp comprising a control circuit board and at least two main lines, the control circuit board comprising a control unit, at least two first control switches and at least two second control switches, the first end of each main line passing through the a first control switch is connected to the power terminal, and is grounded through the second control switch, and two sets of opposite polarity LEDs are further connected in parallel between the second ends of any two main lines, the first control switch and the second a control end of the control switch is connected to an output end of the control unit, and the first control switch and the second control switch are in an on or off state according to a control signal output by the control unit;
  • the LED is further provided with a light-transmitting tube, and a power line electrically connected to the control circuit board is disposed at a port of the light-transmitting tube, and the power line is fixedly connected to the light-transmitting tube through a fixing device.
  • a decorative light set comprising at least two decorative lights as described above, the power lines of the plurality of decorative lights being connected in parallel.
  • a control method for a multi-loop control circuit the control circuit includes a control unit, at least two main lines, and a first end of each main line is respectively connected to a power source through a first control switch, and a second control switch is grounded; in any two main lines Two sets of opposite polarity LEDs are further connected in parallel between the second ends, and the output ends of the control unit are respectively connected with the control ends of each of the first control switches and each of the second control switches;
  • the control method includes:
  • the control unit sends a control signal to the first control switch and the second control switch to control whether the first control switch and the second control switch are turned on or off, so that the main line and the power source connected to the first control switch and the second control switch Connected or grounded or disconnected, that is, the main line is controlled to be in the positive, negative or open state;
  • a group of LEDs connected between the two main lines are lit; one of the main lines and the other main line are at the same time as the positive or negative or the off In the on state, the LED connected between the two main lines is turned off; when one of the main lines is in the off state, the LED connected to the main line is turned off.
  • the invention comprises at least two main lines and two sets of opposite polarity LEDs connected in parallel between the second ends of any two main lines, each main line being connected with a first control switch and a second control switch, a first control switch and a The input and control of the second control switch The output end of the unit is connected, and the control unit controls the conduction or disconnection of the first control switch and the second control switch by outputting a control signal to the first control switch and the second control switch, such that the first control switch and the power supply are passed
  • the main line connected by the second control switch can be connected or grounded to the power supply terminal to realize the control of the positive pole, the negative pole and the disconnected state of each main line; the number of main lines connected at both ends of the LED is the same from the beginning to the end,
  • the circuit of the decorative lamp on the market is generally tapered, and the N* (N-1) loop can be realized by adopting N main lines, which greatly simplifies the circuit structure and reduces the cost of the product;
  • the circuit design of the invention can make the controller of
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection principle of a decorative lamp in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a multi-loop control circuit of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of a multi-loop control circuit of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the decorative lamp of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the controller of the decorative lamp shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a lamp tube in the decorative lamp shown in Figure 4;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a decorative lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of the single decorative lamp shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the decorative lamp without the tail plug shown in Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of B shown in Figure 8.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure in which a plurality of decorative lamps are connected in parallel.
  • the invention comprises at least two main lines and two sets of opposite polarity LEDs connected in parallel between the second ends of any two main lines, each main line being connected with a first control switch and a second control switch, a first control switch and a
  • the input end of the second control switch is connected to the output end of the control unit, and the control unit controls the conduction or disconnection of the first control switch and the second control switch by outputting a control signal to the first control switch and the second control switch, thereby
  • the main line connected to the first control switch and the power supply terminal and grounded through the second control switch may be connected or grounded to the power supply terminal to realize control of the positive pole, the negative pole and the disconnected state of each main line; the main line connected from both ends of the LED
  • the number of the tails used is the same, which avoids the current appearance of the decorative light on the market as a whole.
  • the invention also adopts N main lines to realize the N* (N-1) loop, which greatly simplifies the circuit structure and reduces the structure.
  • the cost of the product in addition, the circuit design of the invention can make the controller of the decorative lamp smaller, The controller is used in conjunction with the LEDs connected to the controller to make the appearance of the decorative lamp more beautiful and harmonious, and at the same time greatly reduce the cost of the product.
  • the multi-loop control circuit of the present invention comprises a control unit for outputting a control signal powered by a power input unit, and at least two main lines, at least two first control switches and at least two second control switches, as shown in FIG.
  • a control unit for outputting a control signal powered by a power input unit, and at least two main lines, at least two first control switches and at least two second control switches, as shown in FIG.
  • four main lines, a main line L1, a main line L2, a main line L3 and a main line L4, and four first control switches and four second control switches are provided; the first end of each main line passes through the first control switch and the power supply end Connected, grounded by the second control switch, and two sets of opposite polarity LEDs are connected in parallel between the second ends of any two main lines, wherein LED 1 and LED 2 are connected between the main line L1 and the main line L2 LED 1 and LED 2 have opposite polarities.
  • LED 3 and LED 4 are connected between main line L1 and main line L3.
  • LED 3 and LED 4 have opposite polarities, and LED 5 is connected between main line L1 and main line L4.
  • LED 6, LED 5 and LED 6 have opposite polarities.
  • LED 7 and LED 8 are connected between main line L2 and main line L4. The polarities of LED 7 and LED 8 are opposite, and LED is connected between main line L2 and main line L3.
  • an LED B and an LED C are connected between the main line L3 and the main line L4, and the polarities of the LED B and the LED C are opposite; the control ends of the first control switch and the second control switch respectively output with the control unit
  • the first control switch and the second control switch receive the control signal output by the control unit, and are in an on or off state according to the control signal.
  • Each set of LEDs can be composed of one LED diode as shown in the figure; or by at least two LED diodes connected in series, one of which has an anode connected to the cathode of the other LED diode.
  • the main line When the first control switch is turned on and the second control switch is turned off, the main line is connected to the power source through the first control switch, and the main line is in a high voltage state, that is, a positive state; the first control switch is turned off.
  • the second control switch When the second control switch is turned on, the main line is grounded through the second control switch, and the main line is in a low voltage state, that is, a negative state; when the first control switch and the second control switch are both disconnected, the main line is not Connected to the power supply and not grounded, the main line is disconnected.
  • control unit outputs a control signal to the first control switch and the second control switch to control the conduction or disconnection of the first control switch and the second control switch connected to the at least two main lines to make the first control switch and At least two main lines connected to the second control switch are in a positive pole, a negative pole or an open state, and when one of the main lines is in a positive state and the other main line is in a negative state, a one connected between the two main lines is connected
  • the group LED is lit, and another set of LEDs with opposite polarities are turned off; when one of the main lines is in the positive state and the other main line is also in the positive state, the two sets of LEDs connected between the two main lines are off.
  • the present invention can realize 12 loops by using four main lines, that is, N main lines can realize N* (N-1) loop, which greatly simplifies the circuit structure and reduces the products using the multi-loop control circuit. the cost of.
  • the power input unit includes a rectifying unit, a voltage stabilizing filter unit, and an AC power source, and an input end of the rectifying unit is connected to an AC power source, and an output end of the rectifying unit passes through a voltage stabilizing filter unit. Control unit connection.
  • the first control switch includes first and second triodes
  • the second control switch includes a third triode, a base of the first triode, and the a base of the third triode is connected to an output end of the control unit, a collector of the first triode is connected to a base of the second triode, an emitter of the second triode and the power end Connecting, the collector of the second transistor and the collector of the third transistor are connected to the first end of the main line, and the emitter of the first transistor and the emission of the third transistor Extremely grounded.
  • the control signal output by the control unit is a high or low level signal
  • the base of the first triode receives a high level signal, it is turned on, and the second three The pole tube is turned on, and when the base of the third transistor receives the low level signal, it is turned off, and the power supply supplies power to the main line through the second triode, so that the main line is in the positive state;
  • the base of the first transistor receives the low level signal, it is turned off, and the second transistor is also turned off.
  • the base of the third transistor receives the high level signal, It is turned on, and the main line is grounded at this time, so that the main line is in the negative state.
  • the triode can also be other similar switching tubes, such as M0S tubes.
  • the first control switch and the second control switch may further include a first current limiting resistor, a second current limiting resistor, and a voltage dividing resistor, and one end of the first current limiting resistor and the control The output end of the unit is connected, the other end is connected to the base of the first triode, one end of the second current limiting resistor is connected to the output end of the control unit, and the other end is connected to the third triode
  • the base current connection; the first current limiting resistor and the second current limiting resistor can limit the high level signal to protect the first triode and the second triode; the voltage dividing resistor Connected between the collector of the first transistor and the base of the second transistor; it can function to protect the third transistor.
  • the first control switch and the second control switch may be designed as other similar circuit structures.
  • the first control switch includes a second three-stage tube
  • the second control switch includes a base of the second transistor and a base of the third transistor are respectively connected to an output end of the control unit, and an emitter of the second transistor The power terminal is connected, the collector of the second transistor and the collector of the third transistor are connected to the first end of the main line, and the emitter of the third transistor is grounded.
  • the triode can also be other similar switching tubes, such as M0S tubes.
  • the control unit may further include a timer, and the control unit according to the The time signal output by the timer outputs a time control signal to the first control switch and the second control switch, and the first control switch and the second control switch are in an on or off state according to the received time control signal.
  • the timer can set different time periods, and output time information to the control unit at each time interval, and the control unit can send the first control switch and the first according to the time information.
  • the second control switch issues a time control signal to control the conduction or disconnection of the first control switch and the second control switch, which in turn can control the lighting time of the LED. Specifically, it can be:
  • the timer sends first time information to the control unit when the first time arrives, and the control unit sends the first control switch on the two main lines connected to one of the groups of LEDs according to the first time information.
  • the second control switch sequentially sends a level signal for controlling the lighting of the group of LEDs.
  • the timer sends a second time information to the control unit, and the control unit sends the second time information according to the second time information.
  • the first control switch and the second control switch on the two main lines connected to the other group of LEDs sequentially issue level signals for controlling the illumination of the other group of LEDs.
  • the invention also discloses a control method of a multi-loop control circuit, the control circuit comprises a control unit and at least two main lines, wherein the first end of each main line is respectively connected to the power supply through the first control switch, and the second control switch is grounded; Two sets of opposite polarity LEDs are further connected in parallel between the second ends of any two main lines, and the output ends of the control unit are respectively connected with the control ends of each of the first control switches and each of the second control switches;
  • the control method includes:
  • the control unit sends a control signal to the first control switch and the second control switch to control whether the first control switch and the second control switch are turned on or off, so that the main line and the power source connected to the first control switch and the second control switch Connected or grounded or disconnected, that is, the main line is controlled to be in the positive, negative or open state;
  • a group of LEDs connected between the two main lines are lit; one of the main lines and the other main line are at the same time as the positive or negative or the off In the on state, the LED connected between the two main lines is turned off; when one of the main lines is in the off state, the LED connected to the main line is turned off.
  • the first control signal, the second control signal, the third control signal or the fourth control signal described above may be a high or low level signal.
  • the control unit may further include a timer, and the control unit outputs a time control signal to the first control switch and the second control switch according to the time signal output by the timer, the first control switch and the second control
  • the switch is in an on or off state according to the time control signal, so that the time when the LED is lit can be changed according to the time signal sent by the timer, and the effect of LED chasing, flickering, and continuous lighting can be achieved.
  • the control unit outputs a time control signal to the first control switch and the second control switch according to the time information output by the timer, which may be specifically:
  • the timer sends first time information to the control unit when the first time arrives, and the control unit sends the first control switch on the two main lines connected to one of the LEDs according to the first time information.
  • the second control switch sequentially sends a level signal for controlling the lighting of the group of LEDs, and the timer sends a second time to the control unit when the second time arrives Information, the control unit sequentially sends a level signal for controlling the lighting of the other group of LEDs to the first control switch and the second control switch on the two main lines connected to the other group of LEDs according to the second time information.
  • Embodiment 1
  • the multi-loop control circuit of the present invention includes a rectifying unit 4 connected to the alternating current AC_IN and four main lines L1, L2, L3 connected to the output ends of the rectifying unit 4, respectively.
  • L4 and the voltage stabilizing filter unit 5 two sets of LEDs connected in parallel at one end of any two main lines on the four main lines L1, L2, L3, L4, wherein the two sets of LEDs have opposite polarities, a total of 16 LED diodes D1 to D16,
  • the other ends of the four main lines L1, L2, L3, and L4 are also connected with a first control switch 1 and a second control switch 2.
  • the input ends of the first control switch 1 and the second control switch 2 are respectively outputted from the output of the control unit 3.
  • the 12V power supply terminal is connected to the main line through the first control switch 1, and the main line is grounded through the second control switch 2, and the first control switch 1 and the second control switch 2 are turned on or off according to the control signal output by the control unit 3.
  • the first control switch 1 sends a control signal through the control unit 3 to control the four main lines L1, L2, L3, L4 to be in a positive or open state
  • the second control switch 2 is sent through the control unit 3.
  • the control signal controls the four main lines L1, L2, L3, L4 to be in the negative or open state, and the same main line can only make the main line in the single state of the positive pole, the negative pole or the disconnected state through the first control switch and the second control switch. .
  • control unit 3 employs a multi-pin CPU;
  • rectifying unit 4 employs a bridge rectifier composed of four diodes, and a fuse F1 is connected to the input terminal of the AC AC_IN and the bridge rectifier.
  • the voltage stabilizing filter unit 5 includes a resistor R1, a Zener diode ZD1, an electrolytic capacitor C2 and a capacitor C3. One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the output end of the rectifying unit 4, and the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected to the cathode of the Zener diode ZD1.
  • the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C2, one end of the capacitor C3 and the power supply terminal VCC are connected, the anode of the Zener diode ZD1, the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor C2 and the other end of the capacitor C3 are grounded; the power terminal VCC is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the CPU.
  • the negative terminal of the power supply of the CPU is also connected to the negative terminal of the AC AC-IN via a resistor R14.
  • the first control switch 1 and the second control switch 2 are connected to the main line L1, the first control switch 1 on the main line L1 includes two transistors Q1 and Q2, and the second control switch 2 on the main line L1 includes a triode Q3, the triode Q1
  • the base is connected in series with a resistor R2 and is electrically connected to the CPU pin 6, that is, the 10-port P64 of the CPU.
  • the collector is connected to a resistor R3 and electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q2.
  • the emitter of the transistor Q2 and the bridge rectifier The output DC power supply terminal is electrically connected at +12V, the collector of the transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the collector of the transistor Q3 of the second control switch 2, and then electrically connected to the LED connected in parallel with the main line L1, and the base of the transistor Q3 of the second control switch 2 is electrically connected.
  • the pole is electrically connected to a resistor R4, it is electrically connected to the pin 1 of the CPU, that is, the 10-port P50 of the CPU, and the emitter of the transistor Q1 of the first control switch 1 and the emitter of the transistor Q3 of the second control switch 2 are respectively grounded.
  • the transistor Q1 of the first control switch 1 and the transistor Q3 of the second control switch 2 on the main line L1 are NPN tubes, and the transistor Q2 of the first control switch 1 is a PNP tube.
  • the first control switch 1 on the main line L2 includes two transistors Q4 and Q5, and the second control switch 2 on the main line L2 includes a transistor Q7.
  • the base of the transistor Q4 is connected in series with a resistor R5 and the CPU pin 5, that is, the CPU.
  • the 10-port P65 is electrically connected.
  • the collector is connected to a resistor R6 and electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q5.
  • the emitter of the transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the output DC power terminal +12V of the bridge rectifier, and the collector and the transistor of the transistor Q5 are connected.
  • the LED connected in parallel with the main line L2 is electrically connected, and the base of the transistor Q7 of the second control switch 2 is electrically connected to a resistor R7 and the pin 14 of the CPU, that is, the CPU.
  • the 10-port P51 is electrically connected, and the emitter of the transistor Q4 of the first control switch 1 and the emitter of the transistor Q7 of the second control switch 2 are grounded, respectively.
  • the transistor Q4 of the first control switch 1 and the transistor Q6 of the second control switch 2 on the main line L2 are NPN tubes, and the transistor Q7 of the first control switch 1 is a PNP tube.
  • the first control switch 1 on the main line L3 includes two transistors Q8 and Q6, and the second control switch 2 on the main line L3 includes a transistor Q10, the base of the transistor Q8 is connected in series with a resistor R8 and the CPU pin 3, that is, the CPU The 10-port P66 is electrically connected.
  • the collector is connected to a resistor R9 and electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q6.
  • the emitter of the transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the output DC power terminal +12V of the bridge rectifier, and the collector and the transistor of the transistor Q6 are connected.
  • the LED connected in parallel with the main line L3 is electrically connected, and the base of the transistor Q10 of the second control switch 2 is electrically connected to a resistor R11 and the pin 13 of the CPU, that is, the CPU.
  • the 10-port P52 is electrically connected, and the emitter of the transistor Q8 of the first control switch 1 and the emitter of the transistor Q10 of the second control switch 2 are grounded, respectively.
  • the transistor Q8 of the first control switch 1 and the transistor Q10 of the second control switch 2 on the main line L3 are NPN tubes, and the transistor Q6 of the first control switch 1 is a PNP tube.
  • the first control switch 1 on the main line L4 includes two transistors Q12 and Q9, and the second control switch 2 on the main line L3 includes a triode Ql l, the base of the transistor Q12 is connected in series with a resistor R13 and the CPU pin 2, that is, the CPU
  • the 10-port P67 is electrically connected, and its collector is connected to a resistor R10 and electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q9.
  • the emitter of the transistor Q9 is electrically connected to the output DC power terminal +12V of the bridge rectifier, and the collector of the transistor Q9 is The collector of the transistor Q11 of the second control switch 2 is electrically connected, and then the LED connected in parallel with the main line L4 is electrically connected.
  • the base of the transistor Q11 of the second control switch 2 is electrically connected to a resistor R12 and the pin 12 of the CPU, that is, the CPU.
  • the 10-port P53 is electrically connected, and the emitter of the transistor Q12 of the first control switch 1 and the emitter of the transistor Q11 of the second control switch 2 are grounded, respectively.
  • the transistor Q12 of the first control switch 1 and the transistor Q11 of the second control switch 2 on the main line L4 are NPN tubes, and the transistor Q9 of the first control switch 1 is a PNP tube.
  • the control switches respectively set on the main lines L2, L3, and L4 are in the same relationship as the control switches provided on L1.
  • the description is as follows:
  • the bases of the first transistors Q4, Q8, and Q12 of the first control switch of the main lines L2, L3, and L4 respectively correspond to the series resistors R5, R8, and R13, and then to the pins 5, 3, and 2 of the CPU.
  • the bases of the transistors Q7, Q10, and Q11 of the second control switch of the main lines L2, L3, and L4 are correspondingly connected to the resistors R7, Rl l, and R12, and then electrically connected to the pins 14, 13, and 12 of the CPU.
  • the emitters of the second transistors Q5, Q6, Q9 of the first control switch of the main lines L2, L3 and L4 are respectively connected with the output DC power supply terminal of the bridge rectifier +12V Connected, the collector of the first transistor Q4 of the first control switch of the main line L2 is connected in series with a resistor R6 and electrically connected to the base of the second transistor Q5, and the second transistor Q5 of the first control switch
  • the collector is electrically connected to the collector of the transistor Q7 of the second control switch, and then electrically connected to the LED connected in parallel with the main line L2;
  • the collector of the first transistor Q8 of the first control switch of the main line L3 is connected in series with a resistor R9 and
  • the base of the second transistor Q6 is electrically connected, the collector of the second transistor Q6 of the first control switch is electrically connected to the collector of the transistor Q10 of the second control switch, and then electrically connected to the LED connected in parallel with the main
  • the first transistor Q12 of the first control switch of the main line L4 is connected in series with a resistor R10 Electrically connected to the base of the second transistor Q9, the collector of the second transistor Q9 of the first control switch is electrically connected to the collector of the transistor Q11 of the second control switch, and then to the LED connected in parallel with the main line L4. connection.
  • the emitters of the first transistors Q4, Q8, and Q12 of the first control switch of the main lines L2, L3, and L4 and the emitters of the transistors Q7, Q10, and Q11 of the second control switch are all grounded.
  • the first transistors L2, Q8, Q12 of the first control switch of the main line L2, L3, L4 and the transistors Q7, Q10, Q11 of the second control switch are NPN tubes, and the first control switches of the main lines L2, L3, L4
  • the two transistors Q5, Q6 and Q9 are PNP tubes.
  • the above described CPU can select the control chip of model 78P153, and can also adopt other types of control chips. As long as the purpose of the present invention can be achieved, no matter which type or type of single chip control chip is selected, it should belong to the protection scope of the present invention. .
  • the connection relationship between the above-mentioned four main lines L1, L2, L3, L4 and the LED is connected between the main line L1 and the main line L2, and the LED strings connected in series by the light-emitting diodes D1 and D2 are connected in series, and the LEDs D7 and D8 are connected in series.
  • the LED string connected in series with the LEDs D1 and D2 is opposite in polarity to the LED string connected in series with the LEDs D7 and D8, and is connected in parallel between the main line L1 and the main line L2, that is, in parallel
  • the polarity between the two sets of LEDs on the two main lines is opposite; between the main line L1 and the main line L3, an LED light string connected in series by the light-emitting diodes D3 and D4 and an LED connected in series by the light-emitting diodes D13 and D14 are connected.
  • the light string wherein the LED string connected by the light-emitting diodes D13 and D14 is opposite in polarity to the series light string connected to the light-emitting diodes D3 and D4, and is connected in parallel between the main line L1 and the main line L3; the connection between the main line L1 and the main line L4
  • LED light strings connected in series by light-emitting diodes D5 and D6, and LED light strings connected in series by light-emitting diodes D19 and D20, wherein LED light strings connected by light-emitting diodes D19 and D20 and LED light strings connected to light-emitting diodes D5 and D6 Polarity Conversely, and connected in parallel between the main line L1 and the main line L4; between the main line L2 and the main line L3, an LED light string connected in series by the light-emitting diodes D9 and D10, and an LED light string connected in series by the light-emitting diodes D15 and D16 are connected.
  • the LED light string connected to the light-emitting diodes D15 and D16 is opposite in polarity to the LED light string connected to the light-emitting diodes D9 and D10, and is connected in parallel between the main line L2 and the main line L3; the connection between the main line L2 and the main line L4 is LED string connected in series with LEDs D11 and D12, and LED string connected in series by LEDs D21 and D22, wherein the LED string connected by LEDs D21 and D22 is connected to the LED string of LEDs D11 and D12
  • the opposite is true, and is connected in parallel between the main line L2 and the main line L4; between the main line L3 and the main line L4, an LED light string connected in series by the light-emitting diodes D17 and D18, and an LED light string connected in series by the light-emitting diodes D23 and D24 are connected.
  • the LED string connected to the LEDs D23 and D24 has opposite polarities to the LED strings connected to the LEDs D
  • the present invention further provides a decorative light using the multi-loop control circuit of the first embodiment, the decorative lamp comprising at least two main lines, a controller 15, and an external controller 15 a connected power line 60 and a lamp tube 22 connected to the controller 15, the controller 15 includes a control circuit board 70 (the control circuit board is an optional component), and a control chip 75 disposed on the control circuit board 70,
  • the control chip 75 can be a CPU of the type 78P153.
  • the control chip 75 is the control unit 3 in the first embodiment.
  • the control circuit board 70 further includes a plurality of control switches electrically connected to the control unit 3, each group.
  • the control switch includes a first control switch and a second control switch, the first end of each main line is connected to the power end through the first control switch, and is grounded through the second control switch; the first control switch and the second a control end of the control switch is connected to an output end of the control chip 75, and the first control switch and the second control switch are in accordance with a control signal output by the control chip 75 Or a disconnected state; wherein the lamp tube 22 is provided with a core wire 24, four main wires bl, b2, b3, b4 disposed in the core wire 24, and any two of the four main wires bl, b2, b3, and b4 connected in parallel Two sets of LEDs on the main line, the two sets of LEDs are opposite in polarity, four main lines bl, b2, b3, b4 are respectively connected with each group of control switches, and the control switch controls each main line to be positive, negative or broken by the controller 3
  • a longitudinal through hole 25 is provided in the core wire 24 along the length
  • the decorative lamp in this embodiment can realize 12 circuits in only four main lines in the transparent outer skin 23, and the number of main lines required is relatively small; and the number of main lines required for the upper and lower lamps 22 Consistently, the current line of decorative lights on the market is generally tapered.
  • the core wire 24 is made of a flexible material; the core wire 24 and the outer skin 23 may also be all flexible and light transmissive.
  • a wire 28 is further disposed in the core wire 24 along the longitudinal direction of the core wire 24.
  • Each of the two sets of LEDs may be composed of a single LED diode, or may be an LED string composed of a plurality of LED diodes or a group of LEDs composed of a plurality of LED strings, if there are more LEDs in each group Composed of LED diodes, These LED diodes are connected in series, that is, the anode of one of the LED diodes is connected to the cathode of an adjacent one of the LED diodes.
  • the control method of the multi-loop circuit of the present invention is to control the chip 75 to emit a high-low level signal, and control the first control switch and the second control switch on each main line to be turned on or off to realize the multi-loop LED point. bright.
  • the control unit 3 used in the present invention is a CPU, and the CPU sends a high level or low level signal to control the first control switch 1 and the second control switch 2 respectively connected to the four main lines L1, L2, L3, and L4.
  • the CPU sends a high level signal to the first control switch 1 of one of the main lines, corresponding to the same main line
  • the second control switch 2 must be a low level signal. At this time, the first control switch 1 is turned on, the second control switch 2 is turned off, and the main line is connected to the power terminal through the first control switch 1, and the main line is in the positive state.
  • the CPU sends a high level signal to the second control switch 2 of one of the main lines, and the first control switch 1 corresponding to the same main line must emit a low level signal, at which time the first control switch 1 is turned off, the second The control switch 2 is turned on, and the main line is grounded through the second control switch, and the main line is in a negative state; the CPU sends a low level signal to the first control switch 1 and the second control switch 2 disposed on the same main line.
  • the main line is in an off state; there are two LED diodes connected in parallel on the main lines L1 and L2, wherein the LED string consisting of the LEDs D1 and D2 and the LED D7
  • the LED string consisting of D8 has opposite polarity.
  • the control switch sends a low level signal, wherein the second control switch 2 connected to the main line L1 corresponds to the CPU 10 port is P50, and the first control switch 1 connected to the main line L2 corresponds to the CPU port 10 port is P65, and the main line L1 is at this time
  • the positive state, and the main line L2 is in a negative state; at this time, the first control switch 1 and the second control switch 2 connected to the main lines L3, L4 respectively emit a low level signal, wherein the first control connected to the main lines L3, L4 Switch 1 respectively
  • the 10 ports of the CPU are P66 and P67
  • the second control switch 2 connected to the main lines L3 and L4 respectively corresponds to 10 ports of the CPU as P52 and P53, so that the main lines L3 and L4 are in an off state.
  • the light-emitting diode D1 is used.
  • the LED string consisting of D2 can be illuminated.
  • the CPU issues a high level signal to the second control switch 2 connected to the main line L1 and the first control switch 1 of the main line L2
  • the first control switch 1 connected to the main line L1 is connected to the main line L2.
  • the second control switch 2 is issued by the CPU with a low level signal, at which time the main line L1 is in the negative state, and the main line L2 is in the positive state, and the first control switch 1 and the second control switch 2 connected to the main lines L3, L4 are respectively executed by the CPU.
  • a low level signal is issued to turn off the main lines L3 and L4.
  • the LED string composed of the light emitting diodes D7 and D8 can be lit.
  • the following table shows the way in which the four main lines Ll, L2, L3, and L4 shown in Figure 3 are illuminated separately for each group of twelve circuits: ⁇ .10 port level
  • D23, D24 high level low level low level low level high level low level low level according to the circuit design principle of this embodiment Figure 3 and the above list can be concluded, two sets of LEDs can also be realized
  • the light string or the three sets of LED light strings are lit at the same time, and the state of orderly change lighting or random change lighting can also be realized, and the lighting control effect only needs to be the first control switch and the first line on each main line.
  • the control signal corresponding to the CPU's 10-port level signal can be set, such as: CPU high four 10-port four pins P64, P65, P66, P67, when P64 output is high level, the description and
  • the first control switch 1 connected to the main line L1 receives a high level signal, corresponding to the main line L1 being in a positive state at this time, and when the P65, P66, and P67 outputs a low level signal, indicating connection with the main lines L2, L3, and L4.
  • the first control switch 1 receives a low level signal, corresponding to the main lines L2, L3, L4 being in a negative state at this time, so the light strings of the light-emitting diodes D1 and D2, D3 and D4, D5 and D6 respectively can be lit at the same time. .
  • the lighting delay time of the above LED string is controlled by the CPU timer, that is, the level signal sent by the CPU can be set according to the time information sent by the timer, and when the timer issues the time information, the CPU then according to the time information sent. A level signal is issued.
  • the connection time of the light of the previous group and the light of the latter group may be set to 0. 1 ⁇ 0. 5 seconds, the lighting time of each group of lights Set to 0. 1 ⁇ 0. 5 seconds, according to the need, you can also set the connection time of each group of strings and the lighting time of each string to be shorter or longer than the previously enumerated time; To display a continuous state, the lighting time of each group of light strings can be set to 0.
  • a plurality of decorative lights may be connected in parallel to the two main conductors 90 of the power supply, and the power lines of each decorative light are respectively connected to the two main conductors 90 of the power supply, that is, the plurality of decorative lights are connected in parallel to the power supply. At this time, by controlling the lighting time of each decorative lamp, the combination of a plurality of decorative lights can achieve the effect of chasing, flashing, and running water.
  • the two main conductors may be disposed in the transparent outer skin of each decorative lamp, and the power input ends of the controllers of each decorative lamp are respectively connected with the main conductor, so that the plurality of decorative lights are not connected There is clutter on the wiring, and the layout of the wires is relatively neat.
  • One end of the main line is connected to the power supply by plugging the plug.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the present invention is another decorative lamp using the multi-loop control circuit of the first embodiment.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the second embodiment is not used.
  • the controller structure installed outside the lamp tube, but directly installs the control circuit board in the controller in the lamp tube; the decorative lamp in this embodiment includes the control circuit board 70 and four connected to the control circuit board 70.
  • Main lines 40, 41, 42, 43 and two sets of LEDs connected in parallel on any two main lines, the two sets of LEDs have opposite polarities, and the control circuit board 70 includes a control unit 3 and a plurality of sets of control switches connected to the control unit 3.
  • Each set of control switches includes a first control switch and a second control switch, and four main lines 40, 41, 42, 43 are respectively connected to each set of control switches, and the first end of each main line passes the first control switch and the power supply End connection, grounded by the second control switch; control ends of the first control switch and the second control switch are connected to an output end of the control unit 3, the first control switch and the second control are open
  • the control signal outputted according to the control unit 3 is in an on or off state; the control switch controls each main line to be in a positive pole, a negative pole or an open state through the control unit 3, and the control circuit board 70 and the lamp tube 30 are additionally disposed outside.
  • the light-transmitting tube 20 There is a light-transmitting tube 20, and a power line 60 connected to the control circuit board 70 is disposed at the port of the light-transmitting tube 20.
  • the power line 60 is fixedly connected to the light-transmitting tube 20 by the fixing device 80.
  • the fixing device 80 may be a waterproof glue (not shown) fixed to the power line 60 at the port of the light-transmitting tube 20; the fixing device 80 may also be a beer on the power line 60.
  • the waterproof cover is disposed, wherein the waterproof cover is sealingly engaged with the port of the light-transmitting tube 20.
  • the waterproof cover can be made of rubber or PVC.
  • the light transmission tube 20 may be a hollow tube that is open at both ends, and a tail plug 81 is also disposed at the bottom port of the hollow tube.
  • two sets of LEDs are connected in parallel on any two of the four main lines 40, 41, 42 and 43.
  • the two sets of LEDs are opposite in polarity, and one end of each of the four main lines is electrically connected with a set of control switches.
  • the control switch controls the corresponding main line to be positive, negative or open according to the received control signal, thereby controlling different lighting states of each group of LEDs.
  • Each of the above two sets of LEDs may be composed of a single LED, or may be an LED string composed of a plurality of LEDs or a group of LEDs composed of a plurality of strings of LED strings.
  • a plurality of decorative lights may be connected in parallel to the two main conductors 90 of the power supply, and the power lines of each decorative light are respectively connected to the two main conductors 90 of the power supply, that is, the plurality of decorative lights are connected in parallel to the power supply.
  • the lighting time of the lamp which is combined by a plurality of decorative lights, can achieve the effect of chasing, flashing, and flowing water.
  • the power cables of the plurality of decorative lamps may be connected in parallel.
  • the power cable of one of the decorative lamps may be connected to the power source through the plug 85, so that It is not necessary to connect the power cords of the respective decorative lamps to the power source through the plugs, thereby reducing the number of times of wiring and wiring.

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Description

一种多回路控制电路及其控制方法、 一种装饰灯及装饰灯组
【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种多回路控制电路及其控制方法、 一种装饰灯及装饰灯组。 【背景技术】
传统的装饰灯串为了达到良好的装饰效果，一般都会将灯串设置成具有频闪或者变色或 者二者同时具备的功能， 尤其是圣诞装饰灯串， 为了营造冰天雪地的气氛， 一种具有下雪效 果的的装饰灯串越来越受到人们的青睐。 该现有技术中装饰灯产品的电路原理图参照图 1所 示， 该现有设计是采用 N+1根主线实现 N个回路的电路设计， 图中所示的产品包括 16个串联 灯串 10， 该串联灯串 10由三个 LED二极管串联组成的， 每个串联灯串 10的一端与主线 L17 并联连接，所述主线 L17与直流电源电连接，每个串联灯串 10的另一端依次与主线 L01至 L16 连接， 主线 L01至 L16的端点集结与控制芯片连接形成 16个电路回路， 通过控制芯片控制 每个串联灯串 10的点亮和持续时间。 这样设计存在很多缺点， 其一， 靠近控制芯片的主线特 别多， 有 N回路就有 N+1根主线， 而远离控制芯片的主线逐渐减少， 整个装饰灯的线路呈锥 形， 这种装饰灯外形难看， 整体的装饰效果较差， 同时也特别浪费主线； 其二， 如果要实现 N 个回路， 则必需要有 N根主线与控制芯片连接控制， 若装饰灯采用的回路越多， 则整个电路 设计就显得特别繁杂； 同样， 如果回路越多， 所采用的控制芯片的引脚也同样增多， 对应的 控制电路板相应增大且电子元件也随之增加， 装饰灯的外形出现头大尾小的缺陷， 装饰灯的 回路越多其成本就越高， 这种设计不易在市场上广泛推广应用。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的在于提供一种多回路控制电路及其控制方法、 一种装饰灯及装饰灯组， 其 主线比较少、 成本低、 电路结构简单。
为实现以上目的， 本发明采取了以下的技术方案： 一种多回路控制电路， 包括由电源输 入单元供电的用于输出控制信号的控制单元， 及至少两根主线、 至少两个第一控制开关和至 少两个第二控制开关； 每根主线的第一端通过所述第一控制开关与电源端连接、 通过所述第 二控制开关接地，在任意两根主线的第二端之间还并联连接有两组极性相反的 LED;所述第一 控制开关和第二控制开关的控制端分别与所述控制单元的输出端连接， 所述第一控制开关和 第二控制开关接收所述控制单元输出的控制信号， 根据所述控制信号处于导通或断开状态。 一种装饰灯， 包括控制器、 灯管和至少两根主线； 所述控制器包括至少两个第一控制开 关和至少两个第二控制开关， 及控制单元； 每根主线的第一端通过所述第一控制开关与电源 端连接、 通过所述第二控制开关接地； 所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关的控制端与所述控 制单元的输出端连接， 所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关根据所述控制单元输出的控制信号 处于导通或断开状态； 所述灯管包括芯线， 所述主线设置在芯线内， 在任意两根主线的第二 端之间还并联连接有两组极性相反的 LED,沿所述芯线的长度方向设有纵向通孔，沿纵向通孔 开设有开口槽， 所述 LED设置在纵向通孔内， 在所述芯线的外部还包覆有透光外皮。
一种包括至少两个如上所述的装饰灯的装饰灯组， 在每个装饰灯的透光外皮内还设置有 两根主导线， 每个装饰灯的控制器的电源输入端分别与该主导线连接。
一种装饰灯， 包括控制电路板和至少两根主线， 所述控制电路板包括控制单元、 至少两 个第一控制开关和至少两个第二控制开关， 每根主线的第一端通过所述第一控制开关与电源 端连接、 通过所述第二控制开关接地， 在任意两根主线的第二端之间还并联连接有两组极性 相反的 LED,所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关的控制端与所述控制单元的输出端连接，所述 第一控制开关和第二控制开关根据所述控制单元输出的控制信号处于导通或断开状态； 在所 述控制电路板和所述 LED外部还套有透光管， 在透光管的端口设有与控制电路板电连接的电 源线， 所述电源线通过固定装置与所述的透光管固定连接。
一种包括至少两个如上所述的装饰灯的装饰灯组， 该多个装饰灯的电源线并联连接。 一种多回路控制电路的控制方法， 所述控制电路包括控制单元、 至少两根主线， 每根主 线的第一端分别通过第一控制开关接电源、 第二控制开关接地； 在任意两根主线的第二端之 间还并联连接有两组极性相反的 LED,控制单元的输出端分别与每个第一控制开关和每个第二 控制开关的控制端连接；
所述控制方法包括：
控制单元向第一控制开关和第二控制开关发出控制信号， 控制第一控制开关和第二控制 开关的导通或断开， 使与该第一控制开关和第二控制开关连接的主线与电源连接或接地或断 开， 即控制该根主线处于正极、 负极或断开状态；
在其中一根主线处于正极状态， 另一根主线处于负极状态时， 连接在该两根主线之间的 一组 LED点亮； 在其中一根主线与另外一根主线同时处于正极或负极或断开状态时， 连接在 该两根主线之间的 LED关灭； 在其中一根主线处于断开状态时， 与该根主线连接的 LED关灭。
本发明包括至少两根主线以及并联在任意两根主线的第二端之间的两组极性相反的 LED, 每根主线连接有第一控制开关和第二控制开关， 第一控制开关和第二控制开关的输入端与控 制单元的输出端连接， 控制单元通过向第一控制开关和第二控制开关输出控制信号来控制第 一控制开关和第二控制开关的导通或断开， 这样通过与第一控制开关与电源端连接、 通过第 二控制开关接地的主线可以与电源端连接或接地， 实现对每根主线的正极、 负极及断开状态 的控制； 在 LED两端连接的主线从头至尾采用的数量一致， 避免了目前市场上装饰灯的线路 整体呈现锥形结构；而且本发明采用 N根主线即可实现 N* (N-1 )回路，大大简化了电路结构， 同时也降低了产品的成本； 另外采用本发明电路设计可以将装饰灯的控制器做的更小， 可以 使控制器与连接控制器的 LED配套使用， 使装饰灯的外形更为美观协调， 同时也大大降低了 产品的成本。
【附图说明】
图 1为现有技术中装饰灯的电路连接原理示意图；
图 2为本发明多回路控制电路的电路结构原理图；
图 3为本发明多回路控制电路在一实施例中的电路原理图；
图 4为本发明装饰灯在一实施例中的结构示意图；
图 5为图 4所示装饰灯中的控制器的剖开结构示意图；
图 6为图 4所示装饰灯中的灯管的结构示意图；
图 7为本发明装饰灯在另一实施例中的结构示意图；
图 8为图 7所示单个装饰灯的结构示意图；
图 9为图 8所示未采用尾塞的装饰灯的结构示意图；
图 10为图 8所示 B的局部放大示意图；
图 11为多条装饰灯并联连接的电路结构简图。
【具体实施方式】
本发明包括至少两根主线以及并联在任意两根主线的第二端之间的两组极性相反的 LED, 每根主线连接有第一控制开关和第二控制开关， 第一控制开关和第二控制开关的输入端与控 制单元的输出端连接， 控制单元通过向第一控制开关和第二控制开关输出控制信号来控制第 —控制开关和第二控制开关的导通或断开， 这样通过与第一控制开关与电源端连接、 通过第 二控制开关接地的主线可以与电源端连接或接地， 实现对每根主线的正极、 负极及断开状态 的控制； 在 LED两端连接的主线从头至尾采用的数量一致， 避免了目前市场上装饰灯的线路 整体呈现锥形结构；而且本发明采用 N根主线即可实现 N* (N-1 )回路，大大简化了电路结构， 同时也降低了产品的成本； 另外采用本发明电路设计可以将装饰灯的控制器做的更小， 可以 使控制器与连接控制器的 LED配套使用， 使装饰灯的外形更为美观协调， 同时也大大降低了 产品的成本。
本发明的多回路控制电路， 包括由电源输入单元供电的用于输出控制信号的控制单元， 及至少两根主线、至少两个第一控制开关和至少两个第二控制开关， 如图 2示出了四根主线， 主线 Ll、 主线 L2、 主线 L3和主线 L4， 及四个第一控制开关和四个第二控制开关； 每根主线 的第一端通过所述第一控制开关与电源端连接、 通过所述第二控制开关接地， 在任意两根主 线的第二端之间还并联连接有两组极性相反的 LED,其中在主线 L1和主线 L2之间连接有 LED 1和 LED 2， LED 1和 LED 2的极性相反， 在主线 L1和主线 L3之间连接有 LED 3和 LED 4， LED 3和 LED 4的极性相反， 在主线 L1和主线 L4之间连接有 LED 5和 LED 6， LED 5和 LED 6 的极性相反， 在主线 L2和主线 L4之间连接有 LED 7和 LED 8， LED 7和 LED 8的极性相反， 在主线 L2和主线 L3之间连接有 LED 9和 LED A, LED9和 LED A的极性相反， 在主线 L3和主 线 L4之间连接有 LED B和 LED C， LED B和 LED C的极性相反； 所述第一控制开关和第二控 制开关的控制端分别与所述控制单元的输出端连接， 所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关接收 所述控制单元输出的控制信号， 根据所述控制信号处于导通或关闭状态。 每一组 LED如图可 以由一个 LED二极管组成； 或者由至少两个 LED二极管串联组成， 其中一个 LED二极管的阳 极与另一个 LED二极管的阴极连接。
在所述第一控制开关导通， 第二控制开关断开时， 主线通过第一控制开关与电源连接， 此时该主线处于高电压状态， 即正极状态； 在所述第一控制开关断开， 第二控制开关导通时， 主线通过第二控制开关接地， 此时该主线处于低电压状态， 即负极状态； 在所述第一控制开 关和第二控制开关都断开时， 主线也没与电源连接， 也没接地， 此时主线处于断开状态。 这 样通过控制单元向第一控制开关和第二控制开关输出控制信号来控制与至少两根主线连接的 第一控制开关和第二控制开关的导通或断开， 以使与第一控制开关和第二控制开关连接的至 少两根主线处于正极、 负极或断开状态， 在其中一根主线处于正极状态时， 另外一根主线处 于负极状态时， 此时连接在该两根主线之间的一组 LED点亮， 另外一组极性相反的 LED关灭； 在其中一根主线处于正极状态， 另外一根主线也处于正极状态时， 此时连接在该两根主线之 间的两组 LED关灭； 在其中一根主线与另外一根主线同时处于正极、 负极或断开状态时， 此 时连接在该两根主线之间的两组 LED关灭； 在其中一根主线处于断开状态， 此时与该根主线 连接的 LED关灭； 这样连接在任意两根主线的第二端之间的各组 LED会根据连接的主线的不 同状态而点亮或关灭。 由此可见本发明采用 4根主线即可实现 12个回路， 即 N根主线即可实 现 N* (N-1 )回路，大大简化了电路结构， 同时也降低了应用该多回路控制电路的产品的成本。 在一较优实施例中， 所述电源输入单元包括有整流单元、 稳压滤波单元和交流电源， 所 述整流单元的输入端与交流电源连接， 该整流单元的输出端通过稳压滤波单元与控制单元连 接。
在一较优实施例中， 所述第一控制开关包括第一、 第二三极管， 所述第二控制开关包括 第三三极管，所述第一三极管的基极及所述第三三极管的基极与所述控制单元的输出端连接， 第一三极管的集电极与第二三极管的基极连接， 第二三极管的发射极与所述电源端连接， 该 第二三极管的集电极与所述第三三极管的集电极与所述主线的第一端连接， 所述第一三极管 的发射极和第三三极管的发射极接地。 需要说明的是， 此时所述控制单元输出的控制信号为 高或低电平信号， 在所述第一三极管的基极接收到高电平信号时， 其导通， 同时第二三极管 导通， 在所述第三三极管的的基极接收到低电平信号时， 其断开， 此时电源通过第二三极管 对主线供电， 使主线处于正极状态； 在所述第一三极管的基极接收到低电平信号时， 其断开， 同时第二三极管也断开， 在所述第三三极管的基极接收到高电平信号时， 其导通， 此时主线 接地， 使主线处于负极状态。 当然三极管也可以是其他的类似的开关管， 比如 M0S管。
在一较优实施例中， 上述第一控制开关和第二控制开关还可以包括第一限流电阻、 第二 限流电阻和分压电阻， 所述第一限流电阻的一端与所述控制单元的输出端连接， 另一端与所 述第一三极管的基极连接， 所述第二限流电阻的一端与所述控制单元的输出端连接， 另一端 与所述第三三极管的基极连接； 这样第一限流电阻和第二限流电阻可以对所述高电平信号进 行限流， 以对第一三极管和第二三极管进行保护； 所述分压电阻连接在所述第一三极管的集 电极与所述第二三极管的基极之间； 可以起到保护第三三极管的作用。
另外该第一控制开关和第二控制开关还可以设计成其他的类似的电路结构， 在一较优实 施例中， 该第一控制开关包括第二三级管， 所述第二控制开关包括第三三极管； 所述第二三 极管的基极及所述第三三极管的基极分别与所述控制单元的输出端连接， 所述第二三极管的 发射极与所述电源端连接， 该第二三极管的集电极与所述第三三极管的集电极与所述主线的 第一端连接， 该第三三极管的发射极接地。 当然三极管也可以是其他的类似的开关管， 比如 M0S管。
在一较优实施例中， 为了使所述 LED的点亮时间有所不同， 以便起到 LED闪烁、 追逐及 下雪的效果， 所述控制单元还可以包括计时器， 该控制单元根据所述计时器输出的时间信号 输出时间控制信号到所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关， 所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关 根据接收到的时间控制信号处于导通或断开状态。 计时器可以设定不同的时间段， 在每个时 间段到时分别向控制单元输出时间信息， 控制单元根据该时间信息即可向第一控制开关和第 二控制开关发出时间控制信号， 以控制第一控制开关和第二控制开关的导通或断开， 这样继 而可以控制 LED的点亮时间。 具体可以为：
所述计时器在第一时间到时， 向所述控制单元发出第一时间信息，所述控制单元根据该 第一时间信息向与其中一组 LED连接的两根主线上的第一控制开关和第二控制开关依次发出 控制该组 LED点亮的电平信号， 所述计时器在第二时间到时， 向所述控制单元发出第二时间 信息， 所述控制单元根据该第二时间信息向与另外一组 LED连接的两根主线上的第一控制开 关和第二控制开关依次发出控制该另外一组 LED点亮的电平信号。
本发明还揭示了一种多回路控制电路的控制方法， 所述控制电路包括控制单元、 至少两 根主线， 每根主线的第一端分别通过第一控制开关接电源、 第二控制开关接地； 在任意两根 主线的第二端之间还并联连接有两组极性相反的 LED,控制单元的输出端分别与每个第一控制 开关和每个第二控制开关的控制端连接；
所述控制方法包括：
控制单元向第一控制开关和第二控制开关发出控制信号， 控制第一控制开关和第二控制 开关的导通或断开， 使与该第一控制开关和第二控制开关连接的主线与电源连接或接地或断 开， 即控制该根主线处于正极、 负极或断开状态；
在其中一根主线处于正极状态， 另一根主线处于负极状态时， 连接在该两根主线之间的 一组 LED点亮； 在其中一根主线与另外一根主线同时处于正极或负极或断开状态时， 连接在 该两根主线之间的 LED关灭； 在其中一根主线处于断开状态时， 与该根主线连接的 LED关灭。
上述所述的第一控制信号、 第二控制信号、 第三控制信号或第四控制信号可以是高或低 电平信号。
所述控制单元还可以包括有计时器， 该控制单元根据所述计时器输出的时间信号输出时 间控制信号到所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关， 所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关根据所 述时间控制信号处于导通或断开状态， 这样 LED点亮的时间可以随着计时器发出的时间信号 而改变， 可以达到 LED追逐、 闪烁、 连续点亮的效果。
所述控制单元根据所述计时器输出的时间信息输出时间控制信号到所述第一控制开关和 第二控制开关， 具体可以为：
所述计时器在第一时间到时， 向所述控制单元发出第一时间信息， 所述控制单元根据该 第一时间信息向与其中一组 LED连接的两根主线上的第一控制开关和第二控制开关依次发出 控制该组 LED点亮的电平信号， 所述计时器在第二时间到时， 向所述控制单元发出第二时间 信息， 所述控制单元根据该第二时间信息向与另外一组 LED连接的两根主线上的第一控制开 关和第二控制开关依次发出控制该另外一组 LED点亮的电平信号。
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例做进一步详细说明。 实施例一：
请参照图 3所示， 该实施例中， 本发明的多回路控制电路， 包括有与交流电 AC_IN连接 的整流单元 4、 与整流单元 4的输出端分别连接的四根主线 Ll、 L2、 L3、 L4和稳压滤波单元 5、 并联在四根主线 Ll、 L2、 L3、 L4上任意两根主线的一端的两组 LED, 其中两组 LED极性相 反， 共有 16个 LED二极管 D1至 D16， 在四根主线 Ll、 L2、 L3、 L4的另一端还连接有第一控 制开关 1和第二控制开关 2， 第一控制开关 1和第二控制开关 2的输入端分别与控制单元 3 的输出端连接， 12V的电源端通过第一控制开关 1与主线连接，主线通过第二控制开关 2接地， 该第一控制开关 1和第二控制开关 2根据控制单元 3输出的控制信号处于导通或断开状态； 第一控制开关 1通过控制单元 3发出控制信号控制四根主线 Ll、 L2、 L3、 L4处于正极或断开 状态， 第二控制开关 2通过控制单元 3发出控制信号控制四根主线 Ll、 L2、 L3、 L4处于负极 或断开状态， 同一根主线只能通过第一控制开关和第二控制开关使该根主线处于正极、 负极 或断开的单种状态。该实施例中控制单元 3采用多引脚 CPU;整流单元 4采用四个二极管组成 的桥式整流器， 并在交流电 AC_IN与桥式整流器的输入端连接一保险丝 F1。 其中稳压滤波单 元 5包括电阻 Rl、 稳压二极管 ZD1、 电解电容 C2和电容 C3， 该电阻 R1的一端与整流单元 4 的输出端连接， 电阻 R1的另一端分别与稳压二极管 ZD1的阴极、 电解电容 C2的正极、 电容 C3的一端及电源端 VCC连接， 稳压二极管 ZD1的阳极、 电解电容 C2的负极及电容 C3的另一 端接地； 电源端 VCC与 CPU的电源正极端连接。 CPU的电源负极端还通过电阻 R14与交流电 AC-IN的负极端连接。
主线 L1上连接有第一控制开关 1和第二控制开关 2，主线 L1上的第一控制开关 1包括 两个三极管 Q1和 Q2， 主线 L1上的第二控制开关 2包括一个三极管 Q3， 三极管 Q1的基极串 联一电阻 R2后与 CPU引脚 6， 即 CPU的 10口 P64电连接， 其集电极连接一电阻 R3后与三极 管 Q2的基极电连接， 三极管 Q2的发射极与桥式整流器的输出直流电源端 +12V处电连接， 三 极管 Q2的集电极与第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q3的集电极电连接后再与主线 L1并联的 LED电 连接， 第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q3的基极电连接一电阻 R4后与 CPU的引脚 1， 即 CPU的 10 口 P50电连接， 第一控制开关 1的三极管 Q1的发射极和第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q3的发射 极分别接地。
上述主线 L1上的第一控制开关 1的三极管 Q1及第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q3为 NPN管， 第一控制开关 1的三极管 Q2为 PNP管。 主线 L2上的第一控制开关 1包括两个三极管 Q4和 Q5，主线 L2上的第二控制开关 2包 括一个三极管 Q7， 三极管 Q4的基极串联一电阻 R5后与 CPU引脚 5， 即 CPU的 10口 P65电连 接， 其集电极连接一电阻 R6后与三极管 Q5的基极电连接， 三极管 Q5的发射极与桥式整流器 的输出直流电源端 +12V处电连接， 三极管 Q5的集电极与第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q7的集电 极电连接后再与主线 L2并联的 LED电连接， 第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q7的基极电连接一电 阻 R7后与 CPU的引脚 14， 即 CPU的 10口 P51电连接，第一控制开关 1的三极管 Q4的发射极 和第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q7的发射极分别接地。
上述主线 L2上的第一控制开关 1的三极管 Q4及第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q6为 NPN管， 第一控制开关 1的三极管 Q7为 PNP管。
主线 L3上的第一控制开关 1包括两个三极管 Q8和 Q6，主线 L3上的第二控制开关 2包 括一个三极管 Q10， 三极管 Q8的基极串联一电阻 R8后与 CPU引脚 3， 即 CPU的 10口 P66电 连接， 其集电极连接一电阻 R9后与三极管 Q6的基极电连接， 三极管 Q6的发射极与桥式整流 器的输出直流电源端 +12V处电连接，三极管 Q6的集电极与第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q10的集 电极电连接后再与主线 L3并联的 LED电连接，第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q10的基极电连接一 电阻 R11后与 CPU的引脚 13， 即 CPU的 10口 P52电连接， 第一控制开关 1的三极管 Q8的发 射极和第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q10的发射极分别接地。
上述主线 L3上的第一控制开关 1的三极管 Q8及第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q10为 NPN 管， 第一控制开关 1的三极管 Q6为 PNP管。
主线 L4上的第一控制开关 1包括两个三极管 Q12和 Q9， 主线 L3上的第二控制开关 2 包括一个三极管 Ql l，三极管 Q12的基极串联一电阻 R13后与 CPU引脚 2， 即 CPU的 10口 P67 电连接， 其集电极连接一电阻 R10后与三极管 Q9的基极电连接， 三极管 Q9的发射极与桥式 整流器的输出直流电源端 +12V处电连接，三极管 Q9的集电极与第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q11 的集电极电连接后再与主线 L4并联的 LED电连接，第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q11的基极电连 接一电阻 R12后与 CPU的引脚 12， 即 CPU的 10口 P53电连接， 第一控制开关 1的三极管 Q12 的发射极和第二控制开关 2的三极管 Ql 1的发射极分别接地。
上述主线 L4上的第一控制开关 1的三极管 Q12及第二控制开关 2的三极管 Q11为 NPN 管， 第一控制开关 1的三极管 Q9为 PNP管。
主线 L2、 L3和 L4上分别设置的控制开关与 L1上设置的控制开关连接关系一致。 叙述 如下： 主线 L2、 L3和 L4的第一控制开关的第一三极管 Q4、 Q8、 Q12的基极分别对应串联一 电阻 R5、 R8、 R13后再与 CPU的引脚 5、 3、 2对应电连接， 即与 CPU的 10口 P65、 P66、 P67 电连接；主线 L2、 L3和 L4的第二控制开关的三极管 Q7、 Q10、 Q11的基极对应串联一电阻 R7、 Rl l、 R12后再与 CPU的引脚 14、 13、 12对应电连接， 即与 CPU的 10口 P51、 P52、 P53连接； 主线 L2、 L3和 L4的第一控制开关的第二三极管 Q5、 Q6、 Q9的发射极分别与桥式整流器的输 出直流电源端 +12V处连接，主线 L2的第一控制开关的第一三极管 Q4的集电极串联一电阻 R6 后与第二三极管 Q5的基极电连接， 第一控制开关的第二三极管 Q5的集电极与第二控制开关 的三极管 Q7的集电极电连接后再与和主线 L2并联的 LED电连接；主线 L3的第一控制开关的 第一三极管 Q8的集电极串联一电阻 R9后与第二三极管 Q6的基极电连接，第一控制开关的第 二三极管 Q6的集电极与第二控制开关的三极管 Q10的集电极电连接后再与和主线 L3并联的 LED电连接； 主线 L4的第一控制开关的第一三极管 Q12集电极串联一电阻 R10后与第二三极 管 Q9的基极电连接， 第一控制开关的第二三极管 Q9的集电极与第二控制开关的三极管 Q11 的集电极电连接后再与和主线 L4并联的 LED电连接。 上述主线 L2、 L3、 L4第一控制开关的 第一三极管 Q4、 Q8、 Q12的发射极和第二控制开关的三极管 Q7、 Q10、 Q11的发射极全部接地。 上述主线 L2、 L3、 L4第一控制开关的第一三极管 Q4、 Q8、 Q12及第二控制开关的三极管 Q7、 Q10、 Q11为 NPN管， 主线 L2、 L3、 L4第一控制开关的第二三极管 Q5、 Q6、 Q9为 PNP管。
以上所述的 CPU可以选用型号为 78P153的控制芯片， 也可以采用其它型号的控制芯片， 只要能达到本发明的目的， 不管选用哪种型号或者类型的单片机控制芯片都应属于本发明的 保护范围。
上述四根主线 Ll、 L2、 L3、 L4与 LED的连接关系参照图 3， 主线 L1与主线 L2之间连接 有由发光二极管 D1和 D2串联连接的 LED灯串， 及由发光二极管 D7和 D8串联连接的 LED灯 串， 该发光二极管 D1和 D2串联连接的 LED灯串与发光二极管 D7和 D8串联连接的 LED灯串 的极性相反， 且并联连接在主线 L1和主线 L2之间， 即并联在两根主线上的两组 LED之间的 极性是相反的； 主线 L1与主线 L3之间连接有由发光二极管 D3和 D4串联连接的 LED灯串， 及由发光二极管 D13和 D14串联连接的 LED灯串， 其中发光二极管 D13和 D14连接的 LED灯 串与发光二极管 D3和 D4连接的串联灯串的极性相反，且并联连接在主线 L1和主线 L3之间； 主线 L1与主线 L4之间连接有由发光二极管 D5和 D6串联连接的 LED灯串， 及由发光二极管 D19和 D20串联连接的 LED灯串， 其中发光二极管 D19和 D20连接的 LED灯串与发光二极管 D5和 D6连接的 LED灯串的极性相反， 且并联连接在主线 L1和主线 L4之间； 主线 L2与主线 L3之间连接有由发光二极管 D9和 D10串联连接的 LED灯串，及由发光二极管 D15和 D16串联 连接的 LED灯串，其中发光二极管 D15和 D16连接的 LED灯串与发光二极管 D9和 D10连接的 LED灯串的极性相反，且并联连接在主线 L2和主线 L3之间；主线 L2与主线 L4之间连接有由 发光二极管 D11和 D12串联连接的 LED灯串， 及由发光二极管 D21和 D22串联连接的 LED灯 串， 其中发光二极管 D21和 D22连接的 LED灯串与发光二极管 D11和 D12连接的 LED灯串的 极性相反， 且并联连接在主线 L2和主线 L4之间； 主线 L3与主线 L4之间连接有由发光二极 管 D17和 D18串联连接的 LED灯串， 及由发光二极管 D23和 D24串联连接的 LED灯串， 其中 发光二极管 D23和 D24连接的 LED灯串与发光二极管 D17和 D18连接的 LED灯串的极性相反， 且并联连接在主线 L3和主线 L4之间。
实施例二
请参照附图 4、 5、 6所示， 本发明还提供一种采用实施例一所述多回路控制电路的装饰 灯， 该装饰灯包括至少两根主线、 控制器 15、 与控制器 15外部连接的电源线 60以及与控制 器 15连接的灯管 22， 控制器 15内包括控制电路板 70 (该控制电路板为可选部件） 、 以及设 置在该控制电路板 70上的控制芯片 75， 该控制芯片 75可选用型号为 78P153的 CPU, 该控制 芯片 75即为实施例一中的控制单元 3，在控制电路板 70上还包括有与控制单元 3电连接的多 组控制开关， 每组控制开关包括第一控制开关和第二控制开关， 每根主线的第一端通过所述 第一控制开关与电源端连接、 通过所述第二控制开关接地； 所述第一控制开关和第二控制开 关的控制端与所述控制芯片 75的输出端连接，所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关根据所述控 制芯片 75输出的控制信号处于导通或断开状态； 其中灯管 22内设有芯线 24、设置在芯线 24 内的四根主线 bl、 b2、 b3、 b4、 并联在四根主线 bl、 b2、 b3、 b4中任意两根主线上的两组 LED, 所述两组 LED极性相反， 四根主线 bl、 b2、 b3、 b4分别与每组控制开关连接， 控制开 关通过控制器 3控制每根主线处于正极、 负极或断开状态， 在芯线 24内、 沿芯线 24的长度 方面设有纵向通孔 25， 沿纵向通孔 25开设有开口槽 27， LED设置在纵向通孔 25内， 在芯线 24的外部还包覆一层透光外皮 23。
由此可见， 该实施例中的装饰灯在透光外皮 23内只需用四根主线即可实现 12个回路， 所需的主线个数比较少； 且灯管 22上下所需主线的个数一致， 避免了目前市场上装饰灯的线 路整体呈现锥形结构。
其中， 芯线 24为柔性的材料制作； 芯线 24和外皮 23也可以全部为柔性的、 具有透光的
PVC或者橡胶材料制作， 为了使制作好的装饰灯管能更好的直立定型， 在芯线 24内、 沿芯线 24的纵向方向还设置有一钢丝 28。
上述两组 LED中的每组 LED可以是单颗 LED二极管组成， 也可以是由多颗 LED二极管组 成的 LED灯串或者是由多串 LED灯串组成的一组 LED, 如果每组 LED有多颗 LED二极管组成， 这些 LED二极管串联连接， 即其中一个 LED二极管的阳极与相邻的一个 LED二极管的阴极连 接。
参照图 6， 本发明多回路电路的控制方法是通过控制芯片 75发出高低电平信号， 控制各 根主线上的第一控制开关和第二控制开关导通或断开来实现多回路 LED的点亮。 本发明采用 的控制单元 3为 CPU, CPU发出高电平或低电平信号， 对四根主线 Ll、 L2、 L3、 L4上分别连 接的第一控制开关 1和第二控制开关 2进行控制， 控制四根主线 Ll、 L2、 L3、 L4分别处于正 极、负极或断开状态；具体控制如下： CPU对其中一根主线的第一控制开关 1发出高电平信号， 则对应同一根主线上的第二控制开关 2发出的必须是低电平信号，此时第一控制开关 1导通， 第二控制开关 2断开， 主线通过第一控制开关 1与电源端连接， 则该主线处于正极状态； CPU 对其中一根主线的第二控制开关 2发出高电平信号， 则对应同一根主线上的第一控制开关 1 必须发出低电平信号， 此时第一控制开关 1断开， 第二控制开关 2导通， 主线通过第二控制 开关接地，则该主线处于负极状态； CPU对同一根主线上设置的第一控制开关 1和第二控制开 关 2发出低电平信号， 此时第一控制开关 1和第二控制开关 2分别断开， 则该根主线处于断 开状态； 并联在主线 L1和 L2上有两个 LED二极管， 其中发光二极管 Dl、 D2组成的 LED灯串 与发光二极管 D7、 D8组成的 LED灯串极性相反， 当 CPU对与主线 L1连接的第一控制开关和 与主线 L2连接的第二控制开关分别发出高电平信号， 其中与主线 L1连接的第一控制开关 1 对应的 CPU的 10口为 P64，与主线 L2连接的第二控制开关 2对应 CPU的 10口为 P51，而 CPU 对与主线 L1连接的第二控制开关 2和与主线 L2连接的的第一控制开关发出低电平信号， 其 中与主线 L1连接的第二控制开关 2对应 CPU的 10口为 P50， 与主线 L2连接的第一控制开关 1对应 CPU的 10口为 P65， 此时主线 L1处于正极状态， 而主线 L2处于负极状态； 此时与主 线 L3、 L4连接的第一控制开关 1和第二控制开关 2由 CPU分别发出低电平信号， 其中与主线 L3、 L4连接的第一控制开关 1分别对应 CPU的 10口为 P66、 P67， 与主线 L3、 L4连接的第二 控制开关 2分别对应 CPU的 10口为 P52、 P53， 使主线 L3、 L4处于断开状态， 此时， 由发光 二极管 Dl、 D2组成的 LED灯串即可点亮。 采用上述相同原理， 当 CPU对与主线 L1连接的第 二控制开关 2和主线 L2的第一控制开关 1发出高电平信号， 而对应与主线 L1连接的第一控 制开关 1和与主线 L2连接的第二控制开关 2由 CPU发出低电平信号， 此时主线 L1处于负极 状态， 而主线 L2处于正极状态， 相应与主线 L3、 L4连接的第一控制开关 1和第二控制开关 2 由 CPU分别发出低电平信号， 使主线 L3、 L4处于断开状态， 此时， 由发光二极管 D7、 D8组 成的 LED灯串即可点亮。 下表为图 3所示四根主线 Ll、 L2、 L3、 L4实现十二回路每组灯串分 别点亮的方式： \. 10口电平
CPU高四位 10口 CPU低四位 10口 灯串点^\^
P67 P66 P65 P64 P53 P52 P51 P50
Dl、 D2 低电平 低电平 低电平 高电平 低电平 低电平 高电平 低电平
D3、 D4 低电平 低电平 低电平 高电平 低电平 高电平 低电平 低电平
D5、 D6 低电平 低电平 低电平 高电平 高电平 低电平 低电平 低电平
D7、 D8 低电平 低电平 高电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 高电平
D9、 D10 低电平 低电平 高电平 低电平 低电平 高电平 低电平 低电平
Dl l、 D12 低电平 低电平 高电平 低电平 高电平 低电平 低电平 低电平
D13、 D14 低电平 高电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 高电平
D15、 D16 低电平 高电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 高电平 低电平
D17、 D18 低电平 高电平 低电平 低电平 高电平 低电平 低电平 低电平
D19、 D20 高电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 高电平
D21、 D22 高电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 高电平 低电平
D23、 D24 高电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 低电平 高电平 低电平 低电平 根据该实施例的电路设计原理图 3以及上述列表可以得出， 同样可以实现两组 LED灯串 或者三组 LED灯串同时点亮， 同时也可以实现有序的变化点亮或随机的变化点亮的状态， 实 现何种点亮效果只需要将各主线上的第一控制开关和第二控制开关对应 CPU的 10口的电平信 号设置好即可， 如： CPU高四位 10口的四个引脚 P64、 P65、 P66、 P67， 当 P64输出为高电平 信号时， 说明与主线 L1连接的第一控制开关 1接收的为高电平信号， 对应此时主线 L1处于 正极状态， 当 P65、 P66、 P67输出为低电平信号时， 说明与主线 L2、 L3、 L4连接的第一控制 开关 1接收的为低电平信号， 对应此时主线 L2、 L3、 L4处于负极状态， 因此发光二极管 D1 和 D2、 D3和 D4、 D5和 D6分别组成的灯串即可同时点亮。
上述 LED灯串的点亮延迟时间通过 CPU计时器控制， 即 CPU发出的电平信号可以根据计 时器发出的时间信息来设定，在计时器发出时间信息时， CPU再根据发出的时间信息来发出电 平信号。 当每组 LED灯串要呈现下雪效果时， 可以将前一组灯串与后一组灯串点亮的衔接时 间设置为 0. 1〜0. 5秒， 每组灯串的点亮时间设置为 0. 1〜0. 5秒， 根据需要也可以将每组灯 串的衔接时间及每串灯串的点亮时间设置为比前面例举的时间更短或更长； 当 LED灯串要呈 现连续状态时， 可以将每组灯串的点亮时间设置为 0. 01〜0. 1秒的时间， 同时将前一组灯串 与后一组灯串的点亮衔接时间同样设置为 0. 01〜0. 1秒， 由于频率很快， 肉眼无法察觉， 这 样就达到了灯串的连续点亮状态。 另外， 如图 11， 也可将多条装饰灯并联在电源的两主导线 90上， 每个装饰灯的电源线分 别与电源的两主导线 90连接， 即该多个装饰灯并联连接在电源上， 此时通过控制每个装饰灯 的点亮时间， 这样由多条装饰灯组合在一起， 可以达到追逐、 闪烁、 流水的效果。 需要说明 的是， 可以将两主导线设置在每个装饰灯的透光外皮内， 每个装饰灯的控制器的电源输入端 分别与该主导线连接， 这样该多个装饰灯连接时不会出现布线上的凌乱， 导线布局比较整齐， 该主导线的一端接上插头即可与电源连接。
实施例三：
请参照图 7、 8、 9、 10所示， 为本发明是采用实施例一所述多回路控制电路的另一种装 饰灯， 本实施例与实施例二不同之处在于， 不用实施例二中安装在灯管外的控制器结构， 而 是直接将控制器内的控制电路板安装在灯管内； 该实施例中的装饰灯包括控制电路板 70、 与 控制电路板 70连接的四根主线 40、 41、 42、 43以及并联在任意两根主线上的两组 LED, 所述 两组 LED的极性相反， 控制电路板 70包括控制单元 3、 与控制单元 3连接的多组控制开关， 每组控制开关包括第一控制开关和第二控制开关， 四根主线 40、 41、 42、 43分别与每组控制 开关连接， 每根主线的第一端通过所述第一控制开关与电源端连接、 通过所述第二控制开关 接地； 所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关的控制端与所述控制单元 3的输出端连接， 所述第 一控制开关和第二控制开关根据所述控制单元 3输出的控制信号处于导通或断开状态； 控制 开关通过控制单元 3控制每根主线处于正极、 负极或断开状态， 控制电路板 70和灯管 30外 部还套置有透光管 20，在透光管 20的端口设有与控制电路板 70连接的电源线 60， 电源线 60 通过固定装置 80与透光管 20固定连接。 其中， 在一较优实施例中， 固定装置 80可以为涂抹 在透光管 20端口处与电源线 60固定的防水胶（图中未表示） ； 固定装置 80也可以是啤注在 电源线 60上的防水盖， 其中防水盖与所述透光管 20端口密封配合。 防水盖可以采用橡胶材 料或 PVC材料制作。透光管 20可以是两端开口的空心管， 空心管的底部端口处还设置有尾塞 81。
请参阅图 10所示， 四根主线 40、 41、 42、 43其中任意两根上并联连接有两组 LED, 该两 组 LED极性相反， 上述四根主线的一端分别电连接有一组控制开关， 控制开关根据接收到的 控制信号， 控制相应主线为正极、 负极或断开状态， 从而控制各组 LED的不同点亮状态。
上述两组 LED中的每组 LED可以是单颗 LED组成， 也可以是由多颗 LED组成的 LED灯串 或者是由多串 LED灯串组成的一组 LED。
另外， 如图 11， 也可以将多条装饰灯并联在电源的两主导线 90上， 每个装饰灯的电源线 分别与电源的两主导线 90连接， 即该多个装饰灯并联连接在电源上， 此时通过控制每个装饰 灯的点亮时间， 这样由多条装饰灯组合在一起， 可以达到追逐、 闪烁、 流水的效果。 需要说 明的是， 如图 7， 也可以将该多个装饰灯的电源线并联连接在一起， 在需要与电源连接时， 其 中一个装饰灯的电源线通过插头 85接到电源即可，这样就不需要将各个装饰灯的电源线分别 通过插头与电源连接， 减少了连线的次数， 布线也比较整齐。
上列详细说明是针对本发明可行实施例的具体说明， 该实施例并非用以限制本发明的专 利范围， 凡未脱离本发明所为的等效实施或变更， 均应包含于本案的专利范围中。

Claims

权利 要 求
1、 一种多回路控制电路， 其特征在于： 包括由电源输入单元供电的用于输出控制信号的 控制单元， 及至少两根主线、 至少两个第一控制开关和至少两个第二控制开关； 每根主线的 第一端通过所述第一控制开关与电源端连接、 通过所述第二控制开关接地， 在任意两根主线 的第二端之间还并联连接有两组极性相反的 LED;所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关的控制端 分别与所述控制单元的输出端连接， 所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关接收所述控制单元输 出的控制信号， 根据所述控制信号处于导通或关闭状态。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的多回路控制电路， 其特征在于： 所述电源输入单元包括有整流 单元、 稳压滤波单元和交流电源， 所述整流单元的输入端与交流电源连接， 该整流单元的输 出端通过稳压滤波单元与控制单元连接。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的多回路控制电路， 其特征在于： 所述主线为四根， 所述第 一控制开关为四个， 所述第二控制开关为四个。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的多回路控制电路， 其特征在于： 所述控制信号为高或低电平信 号， 所述第一控制开关包括第二三级管， 所述第二控制开关包括第三三极管； 所述第二三极 管的基极及所述第三三极管的基极分别与所述控制单元的输出端连接， 所述第二三极管的发 射极与所述电源端连接， 该第二三极管的集电极与所述第三三极管的集电极与所述主线的第 一端连接， 该第三三极管的发射极接地。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的多回路控制电路， 其特征在于： 所述控制信号为高或低电平信 号， 所述第一控制开关包括第一三极管和第二三极管， 所述第二控制开关包括第三三极管， 所述第一三极管的基极及所述第三三极管的基极与所述控制单元的输出端连接， 第一三极管 的集电极与第二三极管的基极连接， 第二三极管的发射极与所述电源端连接， 该第二三极管 的集电极与所述第三三极管的集电极与所述主线的第一端连接， 所述第一三极管的发射极和 第三三极管的发射极接地。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的多回路控制电路， 其特征在于： 还包括第一限流电阻、 第二限 流电阻和分压电阻， 所述第一限流电阻的一端与所述控制单元的输出端连接， 另一端与所述 第一三极管的基极连接； 所述分压电阻连接在所述第一三极管的集电极与所述第二三极管的 基极之间； 所述第二限流电阻的一端与所述控制单元的输出端连接， 另一端与所述第三三极 管的基极连接。
7、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的多回路控制电路， 其特征在于： 所述控制单元还包括计时 器， 该控制单元根据所述计时器输出的时间信号输出时间控制信号到所述第一控制开关和第 二控制开关， 所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关根据接收到的时间控制信号处于导通或断开 状态。
8、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的多回路控制电路，其特征在于：每一组 LED由至少两个 LED 发光二极管串联组成，其中一个 LED发光二极管的阳极与另一个 LED发光二极管的阴极连接。
9、 一种装饰灯， 其特征在于： 包括控制器、 灯管和至少两根主线； 所述控制器包括控制 单元、 至少两个第一控制开关和至少两个第二控制开关； 每根主线的第一端通过所述第一控 制开关与电源端连接、 通过所述第二控制开关接地； 所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关的控 制端与所述控制单元的输出端连接， 所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关根据所述控制单元输 出的控制信号处于导通或断开状态； 所述灯管包括芯线， 所述主线设置在芯线内， 在任意两 根主线的第二端之间还并联连接有两组极性相反的 LED, 沿所述芯线的长度方向设有纵向通 孔， 沿纵向通孔开设有开口槽， 所述 LED设置在纵向通孔内， 在所述芯线的外部还包覆有透 光外皮。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的装饰灯， 其特征在于： 每一组 LED由至少两个 LED发光二极 管串联组成， 其中一个 LED发光二极管的阳极与另一个 LED发光二极管的阴极连接。
11、 根据权利要求 9或 10所述的装饰灯， 其特征在于： 所述主线为四根， 所述第一控制 开关为四个， 所述第二控制开关为四个。
12、 根据权利要求 9或 10所述的装饰灯， 其特征在于： 在所述芯线内、 沿芯线的纵向方 向还设置有钢丝。
13、 根据权利要求 9所述的装饰灯， 其特征在于： 所述控制单元包括有计时器， 该控制 单元根据计时器输出的时间信号输出时间控制信号到所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关， 所 述第一控制开关和第二控制开关根据所述时间控制信号处于导通或断开状态。
14、 一种包括至少两个如权利要求 9所述的装饰灯的装饰灯组， 其特征在于： 在每个装 饰灯的透光外皮内还设置有两根主导线， 每个装饰灯的控制器的电源输入端分别与该主导线 连接。
15、 一种装饰灯， 其特征在于： 包括控制电路板和至少两根主线， 所述控制电路板包括 控制单元、 至少两个第一控制开关和至少两个第二控制开关， 每根主线的第一端通过所述第 一控制开关与电源端连接、 通过所述第二控制开关接地， 在任意两根主线的第二端之间还并 联连接有两组极性相反的 LED,所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关的控制端与所述控制单元的 输出端连接， 所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关根据所述控制单元输出的控制信号处于导通 或断开状态； 在所述控制电路板和所述 LED外部还套有透光管， 在透光管的端口设有与控制 电路板电连接的电源线， 所述电源线通过固定装置与所述的透光管固定连接。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的装饰灯， 其特征在于： 每一组 LED由至少两个 LED发光二极 管串联组成， 其中一个 LED发光二极管的阳极与另一个 LED发光二极管的阴极连接。
17、 根据权利要求 15或 16所述的装饰灯， 其特征在于： 所述主线为四根， 所述第一控 制开关为四个， 所述第二控制开关为四个。
18、 一种包括至少两个如权利要求 15所述的装饰灯的装饰灯组， 其特征在于： 该多个装 饰灯的电源线并联连接。
19、 一种多回路控制电路的控制方法， 其特征在于： 所述控制电路包括控制单元、 至少 两根主线， 每根主线的第一端分别通过第一控制开关接电源、 第二控制开关接地； 在任意两 根主线的第二端之间还并联连接有两组极性相反的 LED,控制单元的输出端分别与每个第一控 制开关和每个第二控制开关的控制端连接；
所述控制方法包括： 控制单元向第一控制开关和第二控制开关发出控制信号， 控制第一 控制开关和第二控制开关的导通或断开， 使与该第一控制开关和第二控制开关连接的主线与 电源连接或接地或断开， 即控制该根主线处于正极、 负极或断开状态；
在其中一根主线处于正极状态， 另一根主线处于负极状态时， 连接在该两根主线之间的 一组 LED点亮； 在其中一根主线与另外一根主线同时处于正极或负极或断开状态时， 连接在 该两根主线之间的 LED关灭； 在其中一根主线处于断开状态时， 与该根主线连接的 LED关灭。
20、 根据权利要求 19所述的控制方法， 其特征在于： 所述控制单元包括有计时器， 该控 制单元根据所述计时器输出的时间信号输出时间控制信号到所述第一控制开关和第二控制开 关， 所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关根据所述时间控制信号处于导通或断开状态。
21、 根据权利要求 20所述的控制方法， 其特征在于： 所述控制单元根据所述计时器输出 的时间信息输出时间控制信号到所述第一控制开关和第二控制开关， 具体为：
所述计时器在第一时间到时， 向所述控制单元发出第一时间信息， 所述控制单元根据该 第一时间信息向与其中一组 LED连接的两根主线上的第一控制开关和第二控制开关依次发出 控制该组 LED点亮的电平信号， 所述计时器在第二时间到时， 向所述控制单元发出第二时间 信息， 所述控制单元根据该第二时间信息向与另外一组 LED连接的两根主线上的第一控制开 关和第二控制开关依次发出控制该另外一组 LED点亮的电平信号。
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