WO2010130095A1

WO2010130095A1 - Plant binding agent powder and its preparation method

Info

Publication number: WO2010130095A1
Application number: PCT/CN2009/071795
Authority: WO
Inventors: 高宏; 王晶; 张力明; 帕利托夫⋅阿内特里⋅A; 维克托洛甫娜⋅古里亚茨莫娃⋅奥尔佳; 彼得洛维奇⋅朱迪诺夫⋅弗拉迪斯拉夫; 伊万诺维奇⋅拉莫夫斯基⋅奥莱格; 扎哈洛维奇⋅拉雅霍夫⋅尼古拉
Original assignee: JIAXING HESEN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Ltd
Current assignee: JIAXING HESEN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Ltd
Priority date: 2009-05-14
Filing date: 2009-05-14
Publication date: 2010-11-18
Anticipated expiration: 2011-11-14

Abstract

A plant binding agent powder and a preparation method thereof are provided. The plant binding agent powder is made from plant comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose/and/or amorphous SiO₂. The percent of powder particles under 400 mesh to total powder particles is at least 10wt%. The plant binding agent powder is adhesive, and can be used as binding agent in preparing boards.

Description

植物粘结剂粉末及其制备方法技术领域 Plant binder powder and preparation method thereof

本发明涉及植物粘结剂粉末及其制备方法。更具体地，本发明涉及来源于包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分的植物粘结剂粉末，特别是来源于植物外皮、植物枝叶、加工剩余物或其组合的植物粘结剂粉末。背景技术 The present invention relates to a vegetable binder powder and a process for the preparation thereof. More particularly, the present invention relates to plant binder powders derived from plant parts comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica, in particular from plant husks, plant foliage, processing residues Or a combination of vegetable binder powders. Background technique

目前，市场上存在多种木材人造板以及非木材植物纤维人造板。随着木材资源的日渐紧张，非木材植物纤维人造板逐渐成为研究热点。例如，赵林波 (赵林波，稻壳板发展的技术历程，东北林业大学学报，第 33卷第 3期， p83 - 84)指出可以利用各种农副产品加工剩余物作为人造板的代用原料，并重点介绍了利用稻壳生产人造板的技术在国内外发展的各个阶段。成训妍 (成训妍，稻壳板生产技术，南方农机， 2002.2 , p26)介绍了一种生产稻壳板的技术：将稻壳经粉碎机、研磨机粉碎、研磨到 40目；然后，将碎稻壳与胶粘剂、固化剂、阻燃剂等混合，经铺装、热压等工序后得到稻壳板，其可用作墙板、天花板等。 Currently, there are a variety of wood-based panels and non-wood plant fiber panels on the market. With the increasing tension of wood resources, non-wood plant fiber wood-based panels have gradually become a research hotspot. For example, Zhao Linbo (Zhao Linbo, Technical History of Rice Shell Development, Journal of Northeast Forestry University, Vol. 33, No. 3, p83-84) pointed out that various agricultural and sideline products can be used as substitute raw materials for wood-based panels, and the key points are introduced. The technology for producing wood-based panels using rice husks is at various stages of development at home and abroad. Cheng Xunzhen (Chengxun, Rice Shell Production Technology, Southern Agricultural Machinery, 2002.2, p26) introduced a technique for producing rice husk: the rice husk was crushed and ground to 40 mesh by a pulverizer and a grinder; The shredded rice husk is mixed with an adhesive, a curing agent, a flame retardant, etc., and after being subjected to a process such as paving, hot pressing, etc., a rice hull plate is obtained, which can be used as a wallboard, a ceiling, or the like.

不管是在木材人造板还是在非木材植物纤维人造板中，一个共同的特征是均需要添加各种各样的粘合剂，特别是有机粘合剂，例如酚醛树脂、脲醛树脂和异氰酸酯树脂等。随着石油价格的不断上涨，来源于石油产品的各种化工原料的价格也随之上涨。而且，这些有机粘合剂都或多或少地含有对人体有害的化学成分，例如曱醛等挥发性有机物、芳香类物质等。在使用过程中，这些人造板中所含有的有害化学成分将会释放出来，污染环境，并严重危害人体健康。随着人们对于居室环境以及自身健康的要求的提高，对于所使用的办公用品以及家居产品都要求不得存在化学品的污染。因此，寻找天然的、无污染的替代粘结剂成为发展趋势。 A common feature in wood-based panels or in non-wood plant fiber panels is the addition of various binders, especially organic binders such as phenolic resins, urea-formaldehyde resins and isocyanate resins. . As the price of oil continues to rise, the prices of various chemical raw materials derived from petroleum products also rise. Moreover, these organic binders contain more or less chemical components harmful to humans, such as volatile organic compounds such as furfural, aromatic substances, and the like. During use, the harmful chemical components contained in these wood-based panels will be released, pollute the environment, and seriously endanger human health. As people's requirements for the living environment and their own health improve, there is no need for chemical contamination of the office supplies and household products used. Therefore, the search for natural, non-polluting alternative binders has become a trend.

另外，我国是个林业生产和农业生产大国，各种林业和农产品的加工产生了大量的加工剩余物，例如树皮、锯末、秸秆、玉米芯、谷壳、甘蔗渣。虽然已经存在一些对这些加工剩余物的利用方法，但是每年在全国各地还是有大量秸秆、谷壳以及玉米芯是釆用在田间直接焚烧来进行处理的。这种焚烧还造成了严重空气污染。因此，需要一种能够大量、而无污染地利用这些加工剩余物的方法。发明内容 In addition, China is a large country of forestry production and agricultural production. The processing of various forestry and agricultural products produces a large amount of processing residues, such as bark, sawdust, straw, corn cob, chaff, and bagasse. Although there are already some ways to use these processing residues, they are still A large amount of straw, chaff and corn cob are used for direct incineration in the field. This incineration also caused serious air pollution. Therefore, there is a need for a method that can utilize these processing residues in large quantities without contamination. Summary of the invention

本发明的一个目的是提供纯天然的、无污染的植物粘结剂粉末及其制备方法。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a pure natural, non-polluting vegetable binder powder and a process for its preparation.

在本发明的第一方面，提供了一种植物粘结剂粉末，其来源于包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分，其中该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸小于 400目的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10%, 优选至少 30%, 更优选至少 50 % , 更加优选至少 70 % , 最优选至少 90 %。 In a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a vegetable binder powder derived from a plant part comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica, wherein the vegetable binder powder The particles having a medium size of less than 400 mesh account for at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably at least 90% of the total weight of the total particles.

在本发明第一方面的优选实施方案中，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 30 ϋ米以下 (例如 28 ϋ米以下、 25 ϋ米以下、 23 ϋ米以下、 22 ^米以下、 21 微米以下）的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10%, 优选至少 30%, 更优选至少 50%, 更加优选至少 70%, 最优选至少 90%。在本发明第一方面的优选实施方案中，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 2(Η敖米以下 (例如 19 米以下、 18 ϋ米以下、 17 ϋ米以下、 16 ϋ米以下、 15 ϋ米以下、 14 ϋ米以下、 13 ϋ米以下、 12微米以下、 11微米以下）的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10%, 优选至少 30 % , 更优选至少 50 % , 更加优选至少 70 % , 最优选至少 90 %；进一步优选该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 10微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10% , 优选至少 30% , 更优选至少 50% , 更加优选至少 70% , 最优选至少 90%; 更优选该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 5微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10% , 优选至少 30% , 更优选至少 50% , 更加优选至少 70 %, 最优选至少 90%。 In a preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the plant binder powder has a size of 30 mils or less (for example, 28 mils or less, 25 mils or less, 23 mils or less, 22 mils or less, 21 micrometers or less). The particles comprise at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably at least 90% of the total weight of the total particles. In a preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the vegetable binder powder has a size of 2 (below glutinous rice or less (for example, 19 meters or less, 18 mils or less, 17 mils or less, 16 mils or less, 15 inches). The particles below m, below 14 mm, below 13 mm, below 12 microns, below 11 microns account for at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, of the total weight of the total particles. Most preferably at least 90%; further preferably the particles of the plant binder powder having a size of 10 microns or less account for at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, most of the total weight of the total particles. Preferably at least 90%; more preferably the particles of the plant binder powder having a size of 5 microns or less account for at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably the total weight of the total particles. At least 90%.

在本发明第一方面的一种实施方案中，所述包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分选自植物外皮、植物枝叶、加工剩余物或其组合。在另一实施方案中，所述包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分选自：树皮、锯末、秸秆、玉米芯、谷壳、甘蔗渣或其组合。在本发明第一方面的一种优选实施方案中，谷壳为稻壳。本发明的第二方面，提供了一种制备本发明第一方面的植物粘结剂粉末的方法，包括粉碎包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分。在本发明第二方面的一种实施方式中，使用研磨机进行研磨来实现粉碎。本发明的第三方面，提供了一种植物粘结剂粉末，该植物粘结剂粉末来源于植物外皮、植物枝叶、加工剩余物或其组合，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸小于 400目的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10% ,优选至少 30% , 更优选至少 50 % , 更加优选至少 70 % , 最优选至少 90 %。 In an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the plant part comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica is selected from the group consisting of plant skins, plant foliage, processing residues, or combinations thereof . In another embodiment, the plant part comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica is selected from the group consisting of: bark, sawdust, straw, corn cob, chaff, bagasse or combination. In a preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the chaff is a rice husk. According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a vegetable binder powder for preparing the first aspect of the invention The method comprises comminuting a plant part comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica. In an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the grinding is carried out using a grinder to effect pulverization. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vegetable binder powder derived from a plant skin, a plant leaf, a processing residue or a combination thereof, wherein the plant binder powder has a particle size of less than 400 mesh. It is at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably at least 90%, based on the total weight of the total particles.

在本发明第三方面的优选实施方案中，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 30 ϋ米以下 (例如 28 ϋ米以下、 25 ϋ米以下、 23 ^米以下、 22 ^米以下、 21 微米以下）的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10%, 优选至少 30%, 更优选至少 50%, 更加优选至少 70%, 最优选至少 90%。在本发明第三方面的优选实施方案中，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 2(Η敖米以下 (例如 19 米以下、 18 ϋ米以下、 17 ϋ米以下、 16 ϋ米以下、 15 ϋ米以下、 14 ϋ米以下、 13 ϋ米以下、 12微米以下、 11微米以下）的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10%, 优选至少 30 % , 更优选至少 50 % , 更加优选至少 70 % , 最优选至少 90 %；进一步优选该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 10微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10% , 优选至少 30% , 更优选至少 50% , 更加优选至少 70% , 最优选至少 90%; 更优选该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 5微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10% , 优选至少 30% , 更优选至少 50% , 更加优选至少 70 %, 最优选至少 90%。 In a preferred embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention, the plant binder powder has a size of 30 mils or less (for example, 28 mils or less, 25 mils or less, 23 mils or less, 22 mils or less, 21 micrometers or less). The particles comprise at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably at least 90% of the total weight of the total particles. In a preferred embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention, the plant binder powder has a size of 2 (below glutinous rice or less (for example, 19 meters or less, 18 mils or less, 17 mils or less, 16 mils or less, 15 inches). The particles below m, below 14 mm, below 13 mm, below 12 microns, below 11 microns account for at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, of the total weight of the total particles. Most preferably at least 90%; further preferably the particles of the plant binder powder having a size of 10 microns or less account for at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, most of the total weight of the total particles. Preferably at least 90%; more preferably the particles of the plant binder powder having a size of 5 microns or less account for at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably the total weight of the total particles. At least 90%.

在本发明第三方面的优选实施方案中，植物粘结剂粉末来源于树皮、锯末、秸秆、玉米芯、谷壳、甘蔗渣或其组合。在本发明第三方面的一种优选实施方案中，谷壳为稻壳。本发明的第四方面，提供了一种制备本发明第三方面的植物粘结剂粉末的方法，包括粉碎植物外皮、植物枝叶、加工剩余物或其组合。在本发明第四方面的一种实施方式中，使用研磨机进行研磨来实现粉碎。本发明的第五方面，提供了一种组合物，其包含本发明第一和第二方面的植物粘结剂粉末。在第五方面的一种实施方式中，该组合物还包含其它制造板材的原料。下文的详述将使本发明的其它目的和方面变得明显。但是应该理解，虽然以下详述和具体实施例示出了本发明优选的实施方式，但是它们仅是说明性的，本领域技术人员通过理解以下详述，很明显可以在本发明的精神和范围内做出各种改变和变化形式。附图说明 In a preferred embodiment of the third aspect of the invention, the vegetable binder powder is derived from bark, sawdust, straw, corn cob, chaff, bagasse or a combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment of the third aspect of the invention, the chaff is a rice husk. According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of preparing a vegetable binder powder of the third aspect of the invention comprising pulverizing a plant coat, plant foliage, a processing residue or a combination thereof. In an embodiment of the fourth aspect of the invention, the grinding is carried out using a grinder to effect pulverization. According to a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided a composition comprising the vegetable binder powder of the first and second aspects of the invention. In one embodiment of the fifth aspect, the composition further comprises other materials for making the board. Other objects and aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. It is to be understood that the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention Make various changes and changes. DRAWINGS

图 1是现有技术的普通高密度板断面的扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)照片，其中图 1(a)的放大倍数为 100倍，图 1(b)的放大倍数为 500倍。 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of a conventional high-density plate section of the prior art, in which Fig. 1(a) has a magnification of 100 times and Fig. 1(b) has a magnification of 500 times.

图 2为本申请实施例 7所制造的不含其它粘结剂的稻壳板的断面的 SEM 照片，其中图 2(a)的放大倍数为 100倍，图 2(b)的放大倍数为 500倍。 2 is a SEM photograph of a section of a rice hull plate without other binders produced in Example 7 of the present application, wherein the magnification of FIG. 2(a) is 100 times, and the magnification of FIG. 2(b) is 500. Times.

图 3为本申请实施例 7所制造的不含其它粘结剂的稻壳板表面的 SEM 照片，其中图 3(a)的放大倍数为 60倍，图 3(b)的放大倍数为 1000倍。 3 is a SEM photograph of the surface of a rice hull plate without other binders produced in Example 7 of the present application, wherein the magnification of FIG. 3(a) is 60 times, and the magnification of FIG. 3(b) is 1000 times. .

图 4为本申请实施例 8所制造的不含其它粘结剂的稻壳板的照片。 Fig. 4 is a photograph of a rice hull plate without other binders produced in Example 8 of the present application.

图 5为本申请实施例 9所制造的不含其它粘结剂的稻壳板的照片。具体实施方式 Figure 5 is a photograph of a rice hull plate without other binders produced in Example 9 of the present application. detailed description

在本申请中，术语 "谷壳" 包括各种谷类植物的壳，包括但不限于：例如稻壳，例如各种野生稻、杂交稻等的壳；麦壳，例如大麦、小麦、燕麦等的壳；粟的壳；高粱的壳等等。 In the present application, the term "crust" includes shells of various cereal plants, including but not limited to: for example, rice hulls, such as shells of various wild rice, hybrid rice, etc.; wheat hulls, such as barley, wheat, oats, etc. Shell; shell of millet; shell of sorghum and so on.

术语 "植物外皮" 包括各种植物的外皮，例如树木的树皮等，例如苹果树、梨树、桃树、葡萄树、樱桃树等果树的树皮。 The term "plant skin" includes the outer skin of various plants, such as the bark of trees, such as the bark of fruit trees such as apple trees, pear trees, peach trees, vines, and cherry trees.

术语 "秸秆" 是指农作物籽实收获以后的茎秆枯叶部分。在本申请中秸杆包括水稻、小麦、油菜、玉米等作物秸杆及副产物。 The term "straw" refers to the portion of the stem of the stem after harvesting of the crop seed. In the present application, the straw includes straw and by-products of rice, wheat, rape, corn and the like.

术语 "锯末" 是指在进行木材加工时因为切割而从树木上散落下来的树木本身的末状木屑，一般为锯木板产生的下脚料。在本申请中对于产生锯末的树木类型没有任何特别限制，可以使用由任何树木产生的锯末，例如松木、杂木、杉木等的锯木屑。 The term "sawdust" refers to the last wood chips of the tree itself that are scattered from the trees during the wood processing, usually the scraps produced by the sawn wood. In the present application, there is no particular limitation on the type of tree in which the sawdust is produced, and sawdust produced from any tree, such as sawdust of pine, wood, fir, or the like, can be used.

术语 "玉米芯" 是指将玉米粒脱除后剩下的芯部。 The term "corn cob" refers to the core remaining after the corn kernels are removed.

术语 "甘蔗渣" 是指将甘蔗制糖后的残渣，是甘蔗制糖工业的重要副产品。在本申请中可以直接使用甘蔗制糖后的残渣，也可以使用经除蔗髓的蔗渣。 The term "bagasse" refers to the residue of sugar cane sugar, which is an important by-product of the sugar cane sugar industry. Product. In the present application, the residue after sugar cane sugar can be directly used, and the bagasse which has been removed from the cane pulp can also be used.

术语 "植物枝叶" 是指植物的树枝和叶子，对于植物的种类没有特别限制。 The term "plant foliage" refers to the branches and leaves of a plant, and there is no particular restriction on the species of the plant.

在本申请中，术语 "来源于" 是指从植物，具体而言植物的某些部分经过加工，例如机械研磨获得。例如， "来源于包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分" 是指该植物粘结剂粉末可以从包含木质素 / 纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分经过加工，例如机械研磨获得。 In the present application, the term "derived from" means obtained from plants, in particular parts of plants, such as mechanical milling. For example, "from a plant part comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica" means that the vegetable binder powder can be derived from lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or The plant parts of the amorphous silica are obtained by processing, for example, mechanical milling.

术语 "包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分" 是指包含木质素的植物部分，包含纤维素的植物部分，包含半纤维素的植物部分，包含无定形二氧化硅的植物部分，或者包含木质素、纤维素、半纤维素和无定形二氧化硅的任意组合的植物部分。 The term "plant part comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica" means a plant part comprising lignin, a plant part comprising cellulose, a plant part comprising hemicellulose, comprising none A plant part of the shaped silica, or a plant part comprising any combination of lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and amorphous silica.

术语 "其它制造板材的原料" 是指本领域已知的各种用于制造人造板的纤维原料，包括但不限于：例如木材，木屑，稻壳，玉米秆纤维 (参见中国发明专利申请 CN1316318A), 长茎类纤维植物 (例如粗糠、稻秆、甘蔗渣、洋麻杆等) (参见中国发明专利申请 CN1159980A), 椰子壳 (参见 WO2004/050317) 等等。在本发明的第一方面，提供了一种植物粘结剂粉末，其来源于包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分，其中该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸小于 400目的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10 % , 优选至少 30 % , 更优选至少 50 % , 更加优选至少 70 % , 最优选至少 90 %。 The term "other raw materials for making sheets" refers to various fiber raw materials known in the art for producing wood-based panels, including but not limited to: for example, wood, wood chips, rice husks, corn stalk fibers (see Chinese invention patent application CN1316318A). , long-stem fiber plants (such as rough, rice straw, bagasse, kenaf, etc.) (see Chinese invention patent application CN1159980A), coconut shell (see WO2004/050317) and the like. In a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a vegetable binder powder derived from a plant part comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica, wherein the vegetable binder powder The particles having a median size of less than 400 mesh account for at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably at least 90% of the total weight of the total particles.

该植物粘结剂粉末来源于植物，属于天然的、无污染的绿色粘结剂类别。以下实例可以证明，该植物粘结剂粉末具有类似于常规有机粘结剂的胶粘功能，能够用于人造板 (例如刨花板和密度板)等各种领域。本发明发明人推测其可能的机理是：一般植物细胞具有几十至几百微米量级的直径，当将植物部分粉碎粒度足够小，例如约为 1-10微米的粉末时，植物细胞壁破裂，从而释放出其中的一些成分，这些成分可能具有胶粘作用，从而在热压过程中赋予所得到的产品胶粘功能。此外，当原料粉碎至粒度为 1 - 10微米时，因机械活化作用导致表面羟基增多，使得热压过程中发生羟基间的缩聚反应，进而使粉体具有胶粘功能。进一步发现，来源于包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分、并且尺寸小于 400目的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10 %的植物粘结剂粉末在热压过程中具有类似于常规有机粘结剂的胶粘功能。当然，虽然基于上述机理对本申请进行了解释，但是本领域技术人员应该理解，本申请并不意图受到上述机理的限制。 The vegetable binder powder is derived from plants and belongs to the category of natural, non-polluting green binders. The following examples can prove that the vegetable binder powder has an adhesive function similar to that of a conventional organic binder, and can be used in various fields such as wood-based panels such as particleboard and MDF. The inventors of the present invention speculate that the possible mechanism is: Generally, plant cells have a diameter on the order of tens to hundreds of micrometers, and when the plant fraction is pulverized to a sufficiently small particle size, for example, a powder of about 1-10 micrometers, the plant cell wall is broken. Thereby, some of the components are released, and these components may have an adhesive action, thereby imparting a function of adhesion of the obtained product during hot pressing. In addition, when the raw material is pulverized to a particle size of 1 - 10 μm, the surface hydroxyl group is increased due to mechanical activation, so that a polycondensation reaction between hydroxyl groups occurs during hot pressing. The powder has an adhesive function. It has further been found that plant binder powders derived from plant parts comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica and having a size of less than 400 mesh and at least 10% of the total weight of the total particles are in heat. The adhesive process has a glue function similar to that of a conventional organic binder. Of course, although the present application has been explained based on the above mechanism, those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not intended to be limited by the above mechanism.

一般地，粉末的粒度越小，越有助于提高该植物粘结剂粉末的性能。然而，粒度过小将增加加工成本。在一实施方案中，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 30 米以下 (例如， 28 米以下、 25 米以下、 23 ^米以下、 22 ^米以下、 21 ϋ米以下、 20 米以下、 19 ϋ米以下、 18 ϋ米以下、 17 ϋ米以下、 16微米以下、 15微米以下、 14微米以下、 13微米以下、 12微米以下、 11 微米以下）的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10 % , 优选至少 30 % , 更优选至少 50 % , 更加优选至少 70 % , 最优选至少 90 % ; 进一步优选该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 10微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10 % , 优选至少 30 % , 更优选至少 50 % , 更加优选至少 70 % , 最优选至少 90 % ; 更优选该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 5微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10 % , 优选至少 30 % , 更优选至少 50 % , 更加优选至少 70 % , 最优选至少 90 %。 In general, the smaller the particle size of the powder, the more helpful it is to improve the performance of the vegetable binder powder. However, too small a particle size will increase processing costs. In one embodiment, the plant binder powder has a size of 30 meters or less (for example, 28 meters or less, 25 meters or less, 23 cm or less, 22 cm or less, 21 cm or less, 20 m or less, 19 ϋ). Particles below m, below 18 mm, below 17 mm, below 16 microns, below 15 microns, below 14 microns, below 13 microns, below 12 microns, below 11 microns, account for at least 10% of the total weight of all particles, preferably At least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, most preferably at least 90%; further preferably the particles of the plant binder powder having a size of 10 microns or less account for at least 10%, preferably at least the total weight of the total particles. 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, most preferably at least 90%; more preferably the particles in the plant binder powder having a size of 5 microns or less account for at least 10%, preferably at least 30% of the total weight of the total particles. %, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, most preferably at least 90%.

本申请对于包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分并没有特别限定，只要该部分能够经过加工得到本申请所需的植物粘结剂粉末即可。通常而言，优选本申请的植物粘结剂粉末来源于植物外皮、植物枝叶、加工剩余物或其组合。许多农副产品的加工剩余物都属于包含木质素 / 纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分。因此，本发明可以釆用这些加工剩余物来生产本发明的植物胶粘剂粉末，这既提高了这些加工剩余物的利用价值，又减少了对这些加工剩余物进行处置所增加的成本和所造成的环境污染。在另一实施方案中，所述包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分选自：树皮、锯末、秸秆、玉米芯、谷壳、甘蔗渣或其组合。此时，树皮、锯末、秸秆、玉米芯、谷壳、甘蔗渣都可以是加工剩余物的形式。在另一实施方案中，所述谷壳优选为稻壳。在本申请的第二方面中，提供了制备本申请第一方面的植物粘结剂粉末的方法，该方法包括粉碎包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分。一般而言，本申请中可以釆用研磨机进行研磨，从而制备本申请的植物粘结剂粉末。 The present application is not particularly limited to a plant part containing lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica as long as the part can be processed to obtain a vegetable binder powder required for the present application. In general, it is preferred that the vegetable binder powder of the present application is derived from plant husks, plant foliage, processing residues, or combinations thereof. The processing residues of many agricultural by-products belong to plant parts comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica. Accordingly, the present invention can utilize these processing residues to produce the vegetable gum powder of the present invention, which both increases the utility of these processing residues and reduces the added cost and resulting in disposal of these processing residues. Environmental pollution. In another embodiment, the plant part comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica is selected from the group consisting of: bark, sawdust, straw, corn cob, chaff, bagasse or combination. At this time, bark, sawdust, straw, corn cob, chaff, and bagasse can all be in the form of processing residues. In another embodiment, the chaff is preferably a rice husk. In a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of preparing a vegetable binder powder of the first aspect of the present application, the method comprising pulverizing a plant comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica section. In general, in this application, a grinder can be used for grinding to prepare the present application. Please plant binder powder.

为了提高生产效率，该研磨粉碎法一般包括两步：粗粉碎和深度研磨。粗粉碎是将包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分例如加工剩余物用粉碎机、普通研磨机等粉碎为粗颗粒，例如粒度为约 400目 ~ 数十毫米的颗粒；然后，将该粗颗粒加入到深度研磨机中进行深度研磨，得到所需要的粒度范围，即可以得到本发明第一方面的植物粘结剂粉末。当然，该研磨粉碎也可以将包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分例如加工剩余物直接釆用深度研磨来进行。不过，优选釆用上述的两步法进行。对于秸秆等长度较长的原料，可能需要将其预先剪裁成适于粉碎机 (粗粉碎机或细粉碎机)的长度，然后再在粉碎机中研磨。然而，根据所用粉碎机的类型，也可以不进行上面预先剪裁的处理。在进行研磨时，优选使粗颗粒的含水量不超过 20%, 更优选不超过 10%。该粗粉碎和深度研磨可以在任何能够使包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分例如加工剩余物达到所需粒度的机械中进行，例如，可以使用泰安市岱岳区泰峰农牧机械厂生产的秸秆粉碎机或稻壳粉碎机进行粗粉碎。也可以使用郑州中原粉体设备厂生产的木粉机进行粗研磨。深度研磨可以釆用，例如俄罗斯科学院固体化学与机械化学研究所生产的 AGO 系列球磨机例如具体型号包括 AGO _ 2、 AGO - 3 , AGO - 5等等，以及浙江丰利粉碎设备有限公司所生产的 CZJ自磨型超微粉碎机等等。粗粉碎和深度研磨的条件不是关键的，并取决于所使用的机械。本领域技术人员可以根据所选用的机械，确定合理的操作条件。本发明的第三方面，提供了一种植物粘结剂粉末，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸小于 400目的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10 % ,该植物粘结剂粉末来源于植物外皮、植物枝叶、加工剩余物或其组合。本发明第三方面的植物胶粘剂粉末具有类似于常规有机粘结剂的胶粘功能。其可能原理如上所述。 In order to increase production efficiency, the grinding and pulverizing method generally comprises two steps: coarse pulverization and deep grinding. The coarse pulverization is to pulverize a plant part, such as a processing residue, containing lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica into coarse particles by a pulverizer, a general grinder or the like, for example, having a particle size of about 400 meshes. Ten millimeters of particles; then, the coarse particles are added to a depth mill for deep grinding to obtain a desired particle size range, i.e., the vegetable binder powder of the first aspect of the invention can be obtained. Of course, the ground pulverization can also be carried out by directly grinding a plant portion containing lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica, for example, a work residue. However, it is preferred to carry out the above two-step method. For raw materials with long lengths such as straw, it may be necessary to pre-cut them to a length suitable for a pulverizer (rough pulverizer or fine pulverizer) and then grind them in a pulverizer. However, depending on the type of pulverizer used, the above pre-cut processing may not be performed. When the grinding is carried out, it is preferred that the coarse particles have a water content of not more than 20%, more preferably not more than 10%. The coarse pulverization and deep grinding can be carried out in any machine capable of bringing a plant part comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica, for example, a processing residue, to a desired particle size, for example, using Taian The straw pulverizer or rice husk pulverizer produced by Taifeng Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Machinery Factory in Daiyue District of the city is coarsely pulverized. It can also be coarsely ground using a wood powder machine manufactured by Zhengzhou Zhongyuan Powder Equipment Factory. Deep grinding can be used. For example, AGO series ball mills produced by the Institute of Solid Chemical and Mechanical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, for example, include AGO _ 2, AGO - 3, AGO - 5, etc., and Zhejiang Fengli Crushing Equipment Co., Ltd. CZJ self-grinding type superfine pulverizer and so on. The conditions for coarse comminution and deep grinding are not critical and depend on the machinery used. Those skilled in the art can determine reasonable operating conditions based on the machinery selected. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vegetable binder powder, wherein the plant binder powder has a size of less than 400 mesh particles of at least 10% by weight of the total particles, and the plant binder powder is derived from a plant skin, Plant foliage, processing residues, or a combination thereof. The vegetable adhesive powder of the third aspect of the invention has an adhesive function similar to that of a conventional organic binder. The possible principles are as described above.

在本发明第三方面的优选实施方案中，植物粘结剂粉末来源于树皮、锯末、秸秆、玉米芯、谷壳、甘蔗渣或其组合。在本发明第三方面的一种优选实施方案中，谷壳为稻壳。 In a preferred embodiment of the third aspect of the invention, the vegetable binder powder is derived from bark, sawdust, straw, corn cob, chaff, bagasse or a combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment of the third aspect of the invention, the chaff is a rice husk.

与本发明第一方面类似，为了便于获得良好的粘结性能，在本发明第三方面的优选实施方案中，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 30微米以下 (例如， 28 微米以下、 25微米以下、 23微米以下、 22微米以下、 21微米以下、 20微米以下、 19 ϋ米以下、 18 ϋ米以下、 17 ϋ米以下、 16 ϋ米以下、 15 ϋ米以下、 14 ϋ米以下、 13 ϋ米以下、 12 ϋ米以下、 11 ϋ米以下）的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10 % , 优选至少 30 % , 更优选至少 50 % , 更加优选至少 70 % , 最优选至少 90 % ; 进一步优选该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 10微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10 % , 优选至少 30 % , 更优选至少 50 % , 更加优选至少 70 %，最优选至少 90 %；更优选该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 5微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的至少 10 % , 优选至少 30 % , 更优选至少 50 % , 更加优选至少 70 % , 最优选至少 90 %。本发明第三方面的植物粘结剂也可以釆用类似于第二方面中所述的方法来制备。具体而言，本发明的第四方面提供了一种制备本发明第三方面的植物粘结剂的方法，包括粉碎植物外皮、植物枝叶、加工剩余物或其组合。在该粉碎方法中，可以利用研磨机来进行粉碎。 Similar to the first aspect of the invention, in order to facilitate obtaining good adhesion properties, in a preferred embodiment of the third aspect of the invention, the vegetable binder powder has a size of 30 microns or less (for example, 28) Below micron, below 25 microns, below 23 microns, below 22 microns, below 21 microns, below 20 microns, below 19 mm, below 18 mm, below 17 mm, below 16 cm, below 15 nm, 14 ϋ Particles below m, below 13 mm, below 12 mm, below 11 mm account for at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 70%, most preferably at least 10% of the total weight of the total particles. 90%; further preferably the particles of the plant binder powder having a size of 10 microns or less account for at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, most preferably at least 90% of the total weight of the total particles. More preferably, the particles of the plant binder powder having a size of 5 microns or less account for at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably at least 90% of the total weight of the total particles. . The vegetable binder of the third aspect of the invention may also be prepared by a method similar to that described in the second aspect. In particular, a fourth aspect of the invention provides a method of preparing a vegetable binder of the third aspect of the invention, comprising comminuting a plant skin, plant foliage, processing residue, or a combination thereof. In this pulverization method, pulverization can be performed by a grinder.

与第二方面类似地，本发明第四方面的研磨粉碎法一般包括两步：粗粉碎和深度研磨。粗粉碎是将植物外皮、植物枝叶、加工剩余物或其组合用粉碎机、普通研磨机等粉碎为粗颗粒，例如粒度为约 400目〜数十毫米的颗粒；然后，将该粗颗粒加入到深度研磨机中进行深度研磨，得到所需要的粒度范围，即可以得到本发明第三方面的植物粘结剂粉末。当然，该研磨粉碎也可以将植物外皮、植物枝叶、加工剩余物或其组合直接釆用深度研磨来进行。不过，优选釆用上述的两步法进行。对于秸秆等长度较长的原料，可能需要将其预先剪裁成适于粉碎机 (粗粉碎机或细粉碎机)的长度，然后再在粉碎机中研磨。然而，根据所用粉碎机的类型，也可以不进行上面预先剪裁的处理。在进行研磨时，优选使粗颗粒的含水量不超过 20重量％, 更优选不超过 10 重量％。该粗粉碎和深度研磨可以在任何能够使植物外皮、植物枝叶、加工剩余物或其组合达到所需粒度的机械中进行，例如，可以使用泰安市岱岳区泰峰农牧机械厂生产的秸秆粉碎机或稻壳粉碎机进行粗粉碎。也可以使用郑州中原粉体设备厂生产的木粉机进行粗研磨。深度研磨可以釆用，例如俄罗斯科学院固体化学与机械化学研究所生产的 AGO 系列球磨机例如具体型号包括 AGO _ 2、 AGO - 3 , AGO - 5等等，以及浙江丰利粉碎设备有限公司所生产的 CZJ自磨型超微粉碎机等等。粗粉碎和深度研磨的条件不是关键的，并取决于所使用的机械。本领域技术人员可以根据所选用的机械，确定合理的操作条件。一般而言，粗粉碎所需的条件是由深度粉碎的进料条件所决定的。深度粉碎机械对于进料的要求是由粗粉碎所达到的。本发明的第五方面，提供了一种组合物，其包含本发明第一和第二方面的植物粘结剂粉末。 Similar to the second aspect, the grinding and pulverizing method of the fourth aspect of the invention generally comprises two steps: coarse pulverization and deep grinding. The coarse pulverization is to pulverize the plant hull, the plant leaves, the processing residue or a combination thereof into coarse particles by a pulverizer, a general grinder or the like, for example, particles having a particle size of about 400 mesh to several tens of millimeters; and then, the coarse particles are added thereto. The deep grinding is carried out in a depth grinder to obtain a desired particle size range, that is, the plant binder powder of the third aspect of the invention can be obtained. Of course, the grinding and pulverization can also be carried out by directly grinding the plant skin, the plant leaves, the processing residue or a combination thereof by deep grinding. However, it is preferred to carry out the above two-step method. For raw materials having a long length such as straw, it may be necessary to pre-cut them into a length suitable for a pulverizer (rough pulverizer or fine pulverizer) and then grind them in a pulverizer. However, depending on the type of pulverizer used, the above pre-cut processing may not be performed. When the grinding is carried out, it is preferred that the coarse particles have a water content of not more than 20% by weight, more preferably not more than 10% by weight. The coarse pulverization and deep grinding can be carried out in any machine capable of achieving the desired particle size of the plant skin, plant foliage, processing residue or a combination thereof, for example, straw produced by Taifeng Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Machinery Plant of Daiyue District, Tai'an City can be used. The pulverizer or the rice husk mill is used for coarse pulverization. It can also be coarsely ground using a wood powder machine produced by Zhengzhou Zhongyuan Powder Equipment Factory. Deep grinding can be used. For example, AGO series ball mills produced by the Institute of Solid Chemical and Mechanical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, for example, include AGO _ 2, AGO - 3, AGO - 5, etc., and Zhejiang Fengli Crushing Equipment Co., Ltd. CZJ self-grinding type superfine pulverizer and so on. The conditions of coarse pulverization and deep grinding are not critical. And depends on the machinery used. Those skilled in the art can determine reasonable operating conditions based on the machinery selected. In general, the conditions required for coarse comminution are determined by the feed conditions for deep comminution. The requirements of the deep pulverizing machine for feeding are achieved by coarse pulverization. According to a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided a composition comprising the vegetable binder powder of the first and second aspects of the invention.

在第五方面的一种实施方式中，该组合物除了含有植物粘结剂粉末之夕卜，还可以任选地含有其它常规的制造板材的原料，例如本领域已知用于制造人造板的纤维原料，包括但不限于：例如木屑，稻壳，玉米秆纤维，粗糠，稻秆，甘蔗渣、洋麻杆，椰子壳等等。 In one embodiment of the fifth aspect, the composition may optionally contain other conventional materials for making the board, in addition to the vegetable binder powder, such as is known in the art for making wood based panels. Fiber raw materials, including but not limited to: wood chips, rice husks, corn stalk fibers, coarse stalks, rice straw, bagasse, kenaf, coconut shells, etc.

在本申请第五方面的一种实施方案中，植物粘结剂粉末为组合物重量的至少 5重量％, 优选至少 10重量％, 更优选至少 20 % , 至少 30重量％, 至少 40重量％, 至少 50重量％。由以下实施例所证实的，本申请的植物粘结剂粉末以及包含该植物粘结剂粉末的组合物特别适用于制造诸如稻壳板和密度板等人造板材。实施例 In an embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present application, the vegetable binder powder is at least 5% by weight, preferably at least 10% by weight, more preferably at least 20%, at least 30% by weight, at least 40% by weight, based on the weight of the composition, At least 50% by weight. As evidenced by the following examples, the vegetable binder powders of the present application and compositions comprising the vegetable binder powders are particularly useful in the manufacture of artificial panels such as rice hulls and MDF. Example

下述的实施例可用于进一步详细说明本发明。除非另有说明，本申请所使用的各种原料和试剂是可商购的或者可根据本领域常规的技术制备得到。 The following examples are provided to further illustrate the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, the various materials and reagents used herein are either commercially available or can be prepared according to techniques conventional in the art.

实施例 1、植物粘结剂粉末的制备 Example 1. Preparation of Vegetable Binder Powder

以经过粮米加工后的稻壳 (其含水量 <10%)作为生产植物粘结剂粉末的原料，为达到含水量要求，可以对稻壳进行干燥。 The rice husk processed by the grain rice (having a water content of <10%) is used as a raw material for producing the vegetable binder powder, and the rice husk can be dried in order to meet the water content requirement.

(1)粗粉碎 (1) coarse crushing

将稻壳使用泰安市岱岳区泰峰农牧机械厂生产的稻壳粉碎机进行粗粉碎成约 3毫米。该粗粉碎过程是本领域制造稻壳板时所釆用的一般步骤。现有技术中通常使用在该步骤获得的稻壳粉末作为制造稻壳板的原料。 The rice husks were coarsely pulverized into about 3 mm using a rice husk pulverizer produced by Taifeng Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Machinery Plant in Daiyue District, Tai'an City. This coarse comminution process is a general procedure used in the manufacture of rice hulls in the art. The rice hull powder obtained in this step is generally used in the prior art as a raw material for producing rice hull sheets.

(2)深度研磨 (2) Deep grinding

将过后的碎稻壳投入到俄罗斯科学院固体化学与机械化学研究所研制的 AGO - 2球磨机中，进行深度研磨 10分钟，停止研磨，得到植物粘结剂粉末。经过粒度分析仪测试分析方法测定，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 20微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的 90 %以上。实施例 2、植物粘结剂粉末的制备 The crushed rice husks were placed in an AGO-2 ball mill developed by the Institute of Solid Chemical and Mechanical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and subjected to deep grinding for 10 minutes to stop grinding to obtain a vegetable binder powder. The particles of the plant binder powder having a size of 20 μm or less accounted for 90% or more of the total weight of the total particles as determined by a particle size analyzer test analysis method. Example 2 Preparation of Vegetable Binder Powder

重复实施例 1 ,不同之处在于以黄杉锯末（其含水量 <10 - 20%)作为生产植物粘结剂粉末的原料，从而得到植物粘结剂粉末。按照实施例 1的方法进行测量，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 20微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的 90 %以上。实施例 3、植物粘结剂粉末的制备 Example 1 was repeated except that the cedar sawdust (having a water content of <10 - 20%) was used as a raw material for producing a vegetable binder powder, thereby obtaining a plant binder powder. According to the method of Example 1, the particles of the plant binder powder having a size of 20 μm or less accounted for 90% or more of the total weight of the total particles. Example 3 Preparation of Vegetable Binder Powder

重复实施例 1 ,不同之处在于以玉米秸秆（其含水量 <10%)作为生产植物粘结剂粉末的原料，从而得到植物粘结剂粉末。按照实施例 1的方法进行测量，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 20微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的 90 %以上。实施例 4、植物粘结剂粉末的制备 Example 1 was repeated except that corn stover (having a water content of <10%) was used as a raw material for producing a vegetable binder powder, thereby obtaining a plant binder powder. According to the method of Example 1, the particles of the plant binder powder having a size of 20 μm or less accounted for 90% or more of the total weight of the total particles. Example 4 Preparation of Vegetable Binder Powder

重复实施例 1 ,不同之处在于以玉米芯（其含水量 <10%)作为生产植物粘结剂粉末的原料，从而得到植物粘结剂粉末。按照实施例 1的方法进行测量，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 20微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的 90 %以上。实施例 5、植物粘结剂粉末的制备 Example 1 was repeated except that a corn cob (having a water content of <10%) was used as a raw material for producing a vegetable binder powder, thereby obtaining a vegetable binder powder. According to the method of Example 1, the particles having a size of 20 μm or less in the plant binder powder accounted for more than 90% of the total weight of the total particles. Example 5 Preparation of Vegetable Binder Powder

重复实施例 1 ,不同之处在于以甘蔗渣（其含水量 <10%)作为生产植物粘结剂粉末的原料，从而得到植物粘结剂粉末。按照实施例 1的方法进行测量，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 20微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的 90%。实施例 6、植物粘结剂粉末的制备 Example 1 was repeated except that bagasse (having a water content of <10%) was used as a raw material for producing a vegetable binder powder, thereby obtaining a plant binder powder. According to the method of Example 1, the particles having a size of 20 μm or less in the plant binder powder accounted for 90% of the total weight of all the particles. Example 6 Preparation of Vegetable Binder Powder

重复实施例 1 ,不同之处在于以苹果树皮（其含水量 <10%)作为生产植物粘结剂粉末的原料，从而得到植物粘结剂粉末。按照实施例 1的方法进行测量，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 20微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的 90 %以上。实施例 7、板材的生产 Example 1 was repeated except that apple bark (having a water content of <10%) was used as a raw material for producing a vegetable binder powder, thereby obtaining a vegetable binder powder. According to the method of Example 1, the particles having a size of 20 μm or less in the plant binder powder accounted for 90% or more of the total weight of all the particles. Example 7, production of sheet

(1)混料 (1) Mixing

将实施例 1所制备的植物粘结剂粉末与经过粗粉碎而没有经过深度研磨的 40目碎稻壳混合，其中植物粘结剂粉末与 40目碎稻壳的重量比为 1 : 1 , 得到混合料； The vegetable binder powder prepared in Example 1 was mixed with 40-mesh broken rice hull which was coarsely pulverized without deep grinding, wherein the weight ratio of the vegetable binder powder to the 40-mesh broken rice hull was 1:1, Mixture;

(2)铺装 (2) paving

釆用 AP气流铺装机铺装该混合料，混合料的厚度约为成型板材厚度的 3 ~ 4倍；铺Placing the mixture with an AP airflow paving machine, the thickness of the mixture is about 3-4 times the thickness of the formed sheet;

(3)热压成型 (3) Hot press forming

釆用连续多段式热压机进行热压成型，热压成型的压力为 5MPa, 温度为 170 - 200 °C , 时间为 3分钟。 The hot press forming is carried out by a continuous multi-stage hot press at a pressure of 5 MPa, a temperature of 170 - 200 ° C and a time of 3 minutes.

(4)保温定型 (4) Heat preservation and setting

对所得板材进行保温定型，保温定型的压力为 4MPa, 温度为 100 - 130 °C , 时间为 3分钟。或者，热压成型后不经保温定型，直接制得板材。 The obtained sheet was subjected to heat preservation and setting, and the pressure of the heat preservation type was 4 MPa, the temperature was 100 - 130 ° C, and the time was 3 minutes. Alternatively, the sheet can be directly produced without heat setting after hot press forming.

(⁵)脱模降温 ( ⁵ ) demoulding and cooling

去除模具，在室温緩慢降温，即得到最终成型板材产品。实施例 8 The mold is removed and the temperature is slowly lowered at room temperature to obtain a final formed sheet product. Example 8

重复实施例 7 , 不同之处在于使用实施例 2中所制备的植物粘结剂粉末进行制板。 Example 7 was repeated except that the vegetable binder powder prepared in Example 2 was used for the production of the board.

结果在没有添加其它粘合剂的情况下，获得了成型板材。 As a result, a formed sheet material was obtained without adding other binder.

实施例 8所制备的板材的照片示于图 4中。实施例 9 A photograph of the sheet prepared in Example 8 is shown in Fig. 4. Example 9

重复实施例 7 , 不同之处在于使用实施例 3中所制备的植物粘结剂粉末进行制板。 Example 7 was repeated except that the vegetable binder powder prepared in Example 3 was used for the production of the board.

实施例 9所制备的板材的照片示于图 5中。实施例 10 重复实施例 7 , 不同之处在于使用实施例 4中所制备的植物粘结剂粉末进行制板。 A photograph of the sheet prepared in Example 9 is shown in Fig. 5. Example 10 Example 7 was repeated except that the vegetable binder powder prepared in Example 4 was used for plate making.

结果在没有添加其它粘合剂的情况下，获得了成型板材。实施例 11 As a result, a formed sheet material was obtained without adding other binder. Example 11

重复实施例 7 , 不同之处在于使用实施例 5中所制备的植物粘结剂粉末进行制板。 Example 7 was repeated except that the vegetable binder powder prepared in Example 5 was used for the production of the board.

结果在没有添加其它粘合剂的情况下，获得了成型板材。实施例 12 As a result, a formed sheet material was obtained without adding other binder. Example 12

重复实施例 7 , 不同之处在于使用实施例 6中所制备的植物粘结剂粉末进行制板。 Example 7 was repeated except that the vegetable binder powder prepared in Example 6 was used for the production of the board.

结果在没有添加其它粘合剂的情况下，获得了成型板材。实施例 13 As a result, a formed sheet material was obtained without adding other binder. Example 13

重复实施例 7 , 不同之处在于不使用 40目碎稻壳，而使用 100 %实施例 1所得植物粘合剂粉末制造板材。 Example 7 was repeated except that 40 mesh broken rice husk was not used, and 100% of the vegetable binder powder obtained in Example 1 was used to produce a board.

结果在没有添加其它粘合剂的情况下，获得了成型板材。成型板材产品的性能测定 As a result, a formed sheet material was obtained without adding other binder. Performance measurement of molded sheet products

按照中华人民共和国国家标准 -人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法 (GB/T 17657-1999)所规定的方法，测定实施例 7所得板材的性能： The properties of the panels obtained in Example 7 were determined in accordance with the method specified in the National Standard of the People's Republic of China - Physical and chemical properties test method for wood-based panels and veneered panels (GB/T 17657-1999):

含水率测定按 GB/T 17657-1999中 4.3规定的方法进行。 The moisture content is determined according to the method specified in 4.3 of GB/T 17657-1999.

吸水厚度膨胀率测定按 GB/T 17657-1999中 4.5规定的方法进行。浸泡时间 24h ± 15min。 The water absorption thickness expansion rate is determined according to the method specified in 4.5 of GB/T 17657-1999. Soaking time 24h ± 15min.

内结合强度测定按 GB/T 17657-1999中 4.8规定的方法进行。 The internal bond strength was measured according to the method specified in 4.8 of GB/T 17657-1999.

静曲强度和弹性模量测定按 GB/T 17657-1999中 4.9规定的方法进行。测定结果如表 1所示。表 1 The measurement of the static bending strength and the elastic modulus was carried out in accordance with the method specified in 4.9 of GB/T 17657-1999. The measurement results are shown in Table 1. Table 1

性

标准值内结合强度 0.76 MPa 0.55 MPa Sex

standard value Internal bond strength 0.76 MPa 0.55 MPa

静曲强度 25.5Mpa 23 Mpa Static bending strength 25.5Mpa 23 Mpa

弹性模量 3240 Mpa 2700 Mpa Modulus of elasticity 3240 Mpa 2700 Mpa

吸水厚度膨胀率 16.4% 30% Water absorption thickness expansion rate 16.4% 30%

密度 1460g/cm³ 450-880 g/cm³ 以上结果表明，在不加入任何常规无机或有机粘合剂的时候，使用本申请的植物粘结剂可以获得完全环保的成型板材，并且这些板材具备了良好的性能。如表 1所示，所得板材的内结合强度、静曲强度、弹性模量、吸水厚度膨胀率等等都可以达到甚至远远超过 GB/T 17657-1999的要求。按照上述方法，对实施例 13 的板材同样进行测定，发现其性能优于实施例 7所制造的板材的性能。实施例 14 The density of 1460 g / cm ³ 450-880 g / cm ³ or more results show that the use of the plant binder of the present application can obtain completely environmentally friendly formed sheets without adding any conventional inorganic or organic binders, and these sheets have Good performance. As shown in Table 1, the inner bond strength, static bending strength, elastic modulus, water absorption thickness expansion ratio, etc. of the obtained sheet can reach or exceed the requirements of GB/T 17657-1999. The sheet of Example 13 was also measured in the same manner as above, and its performance was found to be superior to that of the sheet produced in Example 7. Example 14

按照实施例 1的方法制备植物粘结剂粉末，不同之处在于使用浙江丰利粉碎设备有限公司所生产的 CZJ自磨型超微粉碎机来替换俄罗斯科学院固体化学与机械化学研究所研制的 AGO - 2球磨机，经过粒度分析仪测试分析方法测定，该植物粘结剂粉末中尺寸为 20微米以下的粒子占全部粒子总重量的 10 %。 The vegetable binder powder was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the CZJ self-grinding ultrafine pulverizer produced by Zhejiang Fengli Crushing Equipment Co., Ltd. was used to replace the AGO developed by the Institute of Solid Chemical and Mechanical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences. - 2 ball mill, measured by a particle size analyzer test analysis method, the particles of the plant binder powder having a size of 20 μm or less accounted for 10% of the total weight of the total particles.

重复实施例 7 , 不同之处在于不使用 40目碎稻壳，而使用 100 %上述所得植物粘结剂粉末制造板材。 Example 7 was repeated except that the 40 mesh broken rice husk was not used, and 100% of the above obtained vegetable binder powder was used to manufacture the sheet.

结果在没有添加其它粘合剂的情况下，获得了成型板材。对比例 1 As a result, a formed sheet material was obtained without adding other binder. Comparative example 1

釆用与实施例 7相同的条件制备板材，不同之处在于在混合料中不加入实施例 1制备的本发明植物粘结剂粉末，而是用没有经过深度研磨的 40目碎稻壳制备板材。 The board was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 7, except that the plant binder powder of the present invention prepared in Example 1 was not added to the mixture, but the sheet was prepared from the 40-mesh husk without deep grinding. .

结果，根本无法得到成型板材。比较实施例 7 - 12以及对比例 1的结果，说明本发明的植物粘结剂粉末在热压时具有胶粘功能。当用于制备板材等制品时，它可以起到类似于常规有机粘结剂的胶粘作用，能够代替常规有机粘结剂。而且，更加优异的是，由于本申请的植物粘结剂来源于植物部分，属于纯天然、无污染的粘合剂类另' J , 可以使得使用本申请的植物粘结剂制成的制品中曱醛等污染物的含量达到零的程度，可以得到纯天然的、无污染的绿色制品。对于本申请实施例 7所制造的稻壳板进行扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)分析。图 2为该稻壳板的断面的 SEM照片，其中图 2(a)的放大倍数为 100倍，图 2(b)的放大倍数为 500倍。图 3为该稻壳板表面的 SEM照片，其中图 3(a)的放大倍数为 60倍，图 30)；)的放大倍数为 1000倍。 As a result, the formed sheet was not obtained at all. Comparative Example 7 - 12 and the results of Comparative Example 1, illustrating the vegetable binder powder of the present invention It has an adhesive function when hot pressed. When used to prepare articles such as sheets, it can act as a glue similar to conventional organic binders and can replace conventional organic binders. Moreover, it is more excellent that since the plant binder of the present application is derived from a plant part, it is a purely natural, non-polluting binder, and can be made into a product made using the vegetable binder of the present application. When the content of pollutants such as furfural reaches zero, pure natural, non-polluting green products can be obtained. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed on the rice hull sheets produced in Example 7 of the present application. Fig. 2 is a SEM photograph of a section of the rice hull sheet, wherein the magnification of Fig. 2(a) is 100 times, and the magnification of Fig. 2(b) is 500 times. Fig. 3 is a SEM photograph of the surface of the rice hull plate, wherein the magnification of Fig. 3(a) is 60 times, and the magnification of Fig. 30);) is 1000 times.

另外，为了进行对比，对市售的普通高密度板同样进行 SEM分析，图 1 为其断面的 SEM照片，其中图 1(a)的放大倍数为 100倍，图 1(b)的放大倍数为 500倍。 In addition, for comparison, a commercially available ordinary high-density board is also subjected to SEM analysis, and Fig. 1 is a SEM photograph of the cross section thereof, wherein the magnification of Fig. 1(a) is 100 times, and the magnification of Fig. 1(b) is 500 times.

由图 1(a)可以看出，高密度纤维板是由长型木纤维构成，其致密度不高，中间有空隙，这在下面的放大倍数高的图 1(b)中更加明显。由图 1(b)较高倍数放大照片可以看出，高密度纤维板是由长型木纤维构成，断面为折断后单独纤维的断口，纤维间有明显的间隙。 As can be seen from Fig. 1(a), the high-density fiberboard is composed of long-shaped wood fibers, which are not dense in density and have voids in the middle, which is more apparent in Fig. 1(b) where the magnification is high below. It can be seen from the enlarged photograph of the higher magnification of Fig. 1(b) that the high-density fiberboard is composed of long-shaped wood fibers, and the section is the fracture of the individual fibers after the fracture, and there is a clear gap between the fibers.

从图 2(a)可以看出，本申请的稻壳板为粘结组织撕裂后的断口照片，组织间没有明显的空隙。从图 2(b)高倍照片可以看出，粘结组织撕裂后的断口照片中，没有单个纤维组织断裂后特征。从图 3(a)可以看出本申请的板材呈致密的片状结构。另外从图 2和 3可以看出，经压制后稻壳粉体已经相互间胶结在一起，而非紧密堆积状，同时断口处也是一种韧性断裂，而非脆性断裂。 As can be seen from Fig. 2(a), the rice hull sheet of the present application is a photograph of the fracture of the bonded tissue after tearing, and there is no significant gap between the tissues. As can be seen from the high-magnification photograph of Fig. 2(b), in the fracture photograph after the tearing of the bonded tissue, there is no characteristic of the individual fibrous tissue after fracture. It can be seen from Fig. 3(a) that the sheet of the present application has a dense sheet-like structure. In addition, as can be seen from Figures 2 and 3, after pressing, the rice husk powders have been cemented together rather than tightly packed, and the fracture is also a ductile fracture rather than a brittle fracture.

因此，从图 1与图 2和图 3的比较可以看出本申请的板材与现有技术普通高密度板的微观区别。同样，比较图 1和图 2可以看出，本申请的板材的密度要高于普通的高密度板。这恰恰得到了表 1数据的支持。 Therefore, the microscopic difference between the sheet of the present application and the prior art ordinary high density board can be seen from the comparison of Fig. 1 with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. Similarly, as can be seen by comparing Figures 1 and 2, the density of the panels of the present application is higher than that of conventional high density panels. This is exactly the support of Table 1 data.

虽然本发明以稻壳、树皮、甘蔗渣、秸秆、玉米芯等为例进行了说明，但是本领域技术人员可以理解的是，当将其它包含木质素 /纤维素 /半纤维素和 /或无定形二氧化硅的植物部分粉碎到足够小的粒度时，也同样会释放出具有胶粘功能的诸如纤维素和 /或硅胶等成分，这样，所得到的植物粘结剂粉末也同样具有类似于该来源于稻壳等的植物粘结剂粉末的功能。本申请中所使用的用语 "任选"和 "任选地"表示随后的事件或项目（例如处理步骤)可以存在也可以不存在。并且本发明包含该事件或项目存在和不存在的情况。 Although the present invention has been described by taking rice husks, bark, bagasse, straw, corn cob, etc. as an example, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that other lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or When the plant part of the amorphous silica is pulverized to a sufficiently small particle size, components such as cellulose and/or silica gel having an adhesive function are also released, and thus the obtained plant binder powder is similar. The function of the plant binder powder derived from rice hulls and the like. The terms "optional" and "optionally" as used in this application mean that subsequent events or items (eg, processing steps) may or may not be present. And the invention encompasses the presence and absence of the event or item.

在此将所有引用的文献并入本申请。 All cited documents are incorporated herein by reference.

虽然参考具体实施方式描述了本发明，艮明显它可以多种方式变化。应该认为这种变化不偏离本发明的精神和范围，并且所有这种对本领域技术人员明显的变化形式也在本发明的范围内。 Although the invention has been described with reference to the specific embodiments thereof, it is obvious that it can be varied in various ways. Such variations are not to be interpreted as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such variations apparent to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the invention.

Claims

Rights request

A plant binder powder derived from a plant part comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica, wherein the plant binder powder has a particle size of less than 400 mesh. At least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably at least 90% by weight of the total particles.

2. The vegetable binder powder according to claim 1, wherein the plant part comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica is selected from the group consisting of plant skins, plant foliage, plant processing residues or Its combination.

3. The vegetable binder powder according to claim 2, wherein the plant part comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica is selected from the group consisting of: bark, sawdust, straw, corn cob, Husk, bagasse or a combination thereof.

4. The vegetable binder powder according to claim 3, wherein the chaff is a rice husk.

The vegetable binder powder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plant binder powder has a size of 30 μm or less (for example, 28 μm or less, 25 μm or less, 23 μm or less, 22 nm or less) , below 21 、m, below 20 meters, below 19 、 meters, below 18 ϋ meters, below 17 ϋ meters, below 16 ϋ meters, below 15 、 meters, below 14 、 meters, below 13 ϋ meters, below 12 ϋ meters, The particles of 11 microns or less comprise at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably at least 90% of the total weight of the total particles.

The vegetable binder powder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plant binder powder has a particle size of 10 μm or less or less, at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, based on the total weight of the total particles. It is preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably at least 90%.

A method of preparing a vegetable binder powder according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which comprises pulverizing a plant part comprising lignin/cellulose/hemicellulose and/or amorphous silica.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the comminuting comprises grinding using a grinder.

A plant binder powder, wherein the plant binder powder is derived from a plant outer skin, a plant leaf, a plant processing residue or a combination thereof, wherein the plant binder powder has a particle size of less than 400 mesh and accounts for all the particles. At least 10% by weight, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, still more preferably at least 70%, most preferably at least 90%.

10. The vegetable binder powder of claim 9, wherein the vegetable binder powder is derived from bark, sawdust, straw, corn cob, chaff, bagasse, or a combination thereof.

The vegetable binder powder according to claim 10, wherein the chaff is a rice husk.

The vegetable binder powder according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the plant binder powder has a size of 30 μm or less (for example, 28 μm or less, 25 μm or less, 23 μm or less, 22 μm) Below, below 21 mils, below 20 mils, below 19 mils, below 18 mils, below 17 meters, below 16 metres, below 15 mils, below 14 mils, below 13 mils, below 12 metres The particles of 11 microns or less comprise at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably at least 90% of the total weight of the total particles.

The vegetable binder powder according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the plant binder powder has a particle size of 10 μm or less or less, at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, based on the total weight of the total particles. It is preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably at least 90%.

14. A method of preparing a vegetable binder powder according to any one of claims 9-13, comprising pulverizing plant skins, plant foliage, processing residues or combinations thereof.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein said comminuting comprises grinding using a grinder.

A composition comprising the vegetable binder powder according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and claim 9 to 13.

17. The composition of claim 16 further comprising other materials for making the board.

18. The composition of claim 17 wherein the vegetable binder powder is at least 5% by weight, preferably at least 10% by weight, more preferably at least 20%, at least 30% by weight, at least 40% by weight, at least at least 20% by weight of the composition. 50% by weight.