WO2010106967A1 - アルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法およびフェノールの製造方法 - Google Patents
アルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法およびフェノールの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010106967A1 WO2010106967A1 PCT/JP2010/054172 JP2010054172W WO2010106967A1 WO 2010106967 A1 WO2010106967 A1 WO 2010106967A1 JP 2010054172 W JP2010054172 W JP 2010054172W WO 2010106967 A1 WO2010106967 A1 WO 2010106967A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aromatic compound
- producing
- zeolite
- cumene
- solid acid
- Prior art date
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- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- -1 benzene Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 12
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 5
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LGXAANYJEHLUEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-tri(propan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1C(C)C LGXAANYJEHLUEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKIRBHVFJGXOIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-di(propan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C(C)C OKIRBHVFJGXOIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZJMWRROPUADPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylbenzene Chemical compound CCC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZJMWRROPUADPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QPUYECUOLPXSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)=CC=CC2=C1 QPUYECUOLPXSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LMEWRZSPCQHBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC(O)C([O-])=O LMEWRZSPCQHBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010555 transalkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZXSQEZNORDWBGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-one Chemical compound C1=CN=C2NC(=O)CC2=C1 ZXSQEZNORDWBGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JGDFBJMWFLXCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper chromite Chemical compound [Cu]=O.[Cu]=O.O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O JGDFBJMWFLXCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010543 cumene process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001908 cumenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OECMNLAWCROQEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylbenzene;hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.C1CCCCC1C1=CC=CC=C1 OECMNLAWCROQEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- OJKANDGLELGDHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilver;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O OJKANDGLELGDHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001657 ferrierite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001683 gmelinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- OTCVAHKKMMUFAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxosilver Chemical class [Ag]=O OTCVAHKKMMUFAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl propionaldehyde Natural products CCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver acetate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC([O-])=O CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940071536 silver acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001958 silver carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver carbonate Substances [Ag].[O-]C([O-])=O LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LFAGQMCIGQNPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver cyanide Chemical compound [Ag+].N#[C-] LFAGQMCIGQNPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940098221 silver cyanide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CLDWGXZGFUNWKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;benzoate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CLDWGXZGFUNWKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FTNNQMMAOFBTNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;formate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C=O FTNNQMMAOFBTNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/86—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/86—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon
- C07C2/862—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon the non-hydrocarbon contains only oxygen as hetero-atoms
- C07C2/867—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon the non-hydrocarbon contains only oxygen as hetero-atoms the non-hydrocarbon is an aldehyde or a ketone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/48—Silver or gold
- B01J23/50—Silver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/40—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively
- B01J29/42—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/44—Noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/7007—Zeolite Beta
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/19—Catalysts containing parts with different compositions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0205—Impregnation in several steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/04—Mixing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C15/00—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts
- C07C15/02—Monocyclic hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/08—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by decomposition of hydroperoxides, e.g. cumene hydroperoxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C39/00—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C39/02—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C39/04—Phenol
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/08—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- C07C2521/04—Alumina
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a corresponding alkylated aromatic compound by reacting an aromatic compound with a ketone and hydrogen, and a method for producing phenol comprising the method as a part of steps. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing an alkylated aromatic compound by reacting a ketone, an aromatic compound and hydrogen in a single reaction step using a specific catalyst, and a method for producing phenol comprising the method as a part of the step. .
- a method for producing cumene by reacting benzene and propylene, a method for producing cumene hydroperoxide by oxidizing cumene, and a method for producing phenol and acetone by acid decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide are already known.
- the method combining these reactions is a phenol production method generally called cumene method, and is currently the mainstream of phenol production method.
- Acetone can be easily converted to isopropanol by hydrogenation, and this isopropanol is further converted to propylene by dehydration and then reacted with benzene to obtain cumene, that is, a process for reusing acetone as a raw material for the cumene method is proposed. (See Patent Document 3).
- this method has a problem that two steps, a hydrogenation step and a dehydration step, increase.
- Patent Document 6 describes a process method of producing phenol using cumene obtained by reacting co-produced acetone with isopropanol and reacting with benzene.
- Patent Document 6 describes a process method of producing phenol using cumene obtained by reacting co-produced acetone with isopropanol and reacting with benzene.
- the hydrogenation process is increased as compared with the original cumene method.
- JP-A-57-91972 US Patent Application Publication No. 2004/0162448 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-174737 JP-A-2-231442 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-35497 Special table 2003-523985 gazette JP 2005-513116 A
- An object of the present invention is to provide an industrially practical production method for obtaining cumene by directly reacting acetone, benzene and hydrogen. Specifically, in a single reaction step, a new alkylated aromatic can be obtained in a high yield, such as a ketone such as acetone, an aromatic compound such as benzene, and hydrogen, and an alkylated aromatic compound such as cumene in a high yield. It aims at providing the manufacturing method of a compound. Furthermore, it aims at providing the manufacturing method of the phenol which does not involve the increase in a process compared with the conventional cumene method which includes this method in a part of process.
- the present inventors have used a solid acid substance as a catalyst and a catalyst containing silver, so that in a single reaction step, a ketone such as acetone or an aromatic such as benzene. It has been found that an alkylated aromatic compound such as cumene can be obtained in high yield from the compound and hydrogen as starting materials.
- the method for producing an alkylated aromatic compound of the present invention is characterized by reacting an aromatic compound, a ketone and hydrogen in the presence of a solid acid substance and a catalyst containing silver.
- the aromatic compound is benzene and the ketone is acetone.
- the solid acid substance is preferably a zeolite compound, more preferably a zeolite compound having pores with 10 to 16-membered oxygen rings, and a zeolite compound having pores with 10- or 12-membered oxygen rings It is particularly preferred that
- the solid acid substance is preferably at least one zeolite compound selected from the group consisting of ⁇ zeolite, mordenite, ZSM-5 zeolite, ZSM-12 zeolite, and Y-type zeolite. More preferably.
- the silver-containing catalyst preferably includes a supported catalyst in which silver is supported on a support.
- the reaction is preferably performed in a state where the solid acid substance and the catalyst containing silver are mixed.
- the method for producing phenol of the present invention includes the following steps: (A) oxidizing cumene to convert it to cumene hydroperoxide; (B) acid-decomposing cumene hydroperoxide to synthesize phenol and acetone; (C) a step of synthesizing cumene by reacting the acetone produced in the step (b) with hydrogen and benzene; (D) A method for producing phenol comprising a step of circulating cumene obtained in the step (c) to the step (a), The step (c) is performed by the above-described method for producing an alkylated aromatic compound.
- an alkylated aromatic compound such as cumene is obtained in a single reaction step using a ketone such as acetone, an aromatic compound such as benzene, and hydrogen as starting materials.
- the manufacturing method is an industrially practical method.
- the phenol production method including the production method of the alkylated aromatic compound as a part of the process can reuse the co-produced acetone without increasing the number of steps of the conventional cumene method.
- the cumene obtained by the method for producing the alkylated aromatic compound is not different in quality from cumene obtained from propylene or isopropanol and benzene. Therefore, the present invention is an epoch-making technology, and can produce phenol with significant advantages in terms of process and economy.
- the method for producing an alkylated aromatic compound of the present invention is characterized in that an aromatic compound, a ketone and hydrogen are reacted in the presence of a solid acid substance and a catalyst containing silver.
- a solid acid substance and a catalyst containing silver it is sufficient to use two components of the solid acid substance and the catalyst containing silver, and the utilization method is not particularly limited, but the solid acid substance which is an acid catalyst component and the catalyst containing silver May be physically mixed at the level of centimeter-sized catalyst particles, or may be formed into centimeter-sized catalyst particles after refining and mixing the two, and the solid acid acting as an acid catalyst.
- the catalyst containing silver may be supported on a substance as a support, or the solid acid substance may be supported on the catalyst containing silver as a support.
- the reaction is performed in a state where the solid acid substance and a catalyst containing silver are mixed.
- the solid acid substance used in the present invention is a catalyst having a function as an acid, and may generally be a so-called solid acid, such as a zeolite compound, silica alumina, alumina, sulfate ion supported zirconia, WO 3 supported zirconia, etc. Can be used.
- a zeolite compound which is an inorganic crystalline porous compound mainly composed of silicon and aluminum, is a suitable alkylation catalyst in terms of heat resistance and selectivity of the target alkylated aromatic compound.
- a suitable zeolite compound varies depending on the aromatic compound used as a raw material and the molecular diameter of the target alkylated aromatic compound.
- zeolite compound having 10 to 16-membered oxygen pores should be used as the zeolite compound. Is preferred.
- Zeolite compounds having 10 to 16-membered oxygen pores include ferrierite, hurlandite, ZSM-5 zeolite, ZSM-11 zeolite, ZSM-12 zeolite, NU-87 zeolite, sheeter 1 zeolite, Weinebeite, X-type zeolite Y zeolite, USY zeolite, mordenite, dealuminated mordenite, ⁇ zeolite, gmelinite, offretite, cloverite, VPI-5 zeolite, UTD-1 zeolite and the like.
- the oxygen 10-membered ring represents the size of the pore diameter, and means a size such that the number of oxygen atoms contained in the ring structure constituting the pore is ten.
- zeolite compounds those having pores of the same order as the molecular diameter of cumene are suitable, and it is more preferable to use zeolite compounds having oxygen 10- or 12-membered ring pores.
- zeolite compounds having oxygen 10- or 12-membered ring pores include Y-type zeolite, USY-type zeolite, mordenite, dealuminated mordenite, ⁇ zeolite, ZSM-12 zeolite, ZSM-5 zeolite and the like.
- ⁇ zeolite, mordenite, ZSM-5 zeolite, ZSM-12 zeolite, and Y-type zeolite are more preferable, and ⁇ zeolite is particularly preferable in terms of cumene selectivity.
- composition ratio of silicon and aluminum (silicon / aluminum) in these zeolite compounds should be in the range of 2/1 to 200/1, particularly 5/1 to 100/1 in terms of activity and thermal stability. preferable.
- a so-called isomorphously substituted zeolite compound in which the aluminum atom contained in the zeolite skeleton is substituted with a metal other than aluminum such as Ga, Ti, Fe, Mn, and B can also be used.
- the shape of the solid acid substance is not particularly limited, and may be spherical, cylindrical, extruded, or crushed, and the particle size is selected within the range of 0.01 mm to 100 mm according to the size of the reactor. That's fine.
- these solid acid substances may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types.
- the catalyst (catalyst composition) containing silver (Ag) used in the present invention include those containing Ag metal itself and those containing it in the form of a metal compound.
- Examples thereof include silver oxides such as Ag 2 O, silver halides such as AgCl, AgBr, and AgI, and those contained in the form of cluster metals such as Pt—Ag and Pd—Ag.
- Other examples include silver nitrate, silver lactate, silver acetate, silver benzoate, silver carbonate, silver chromate, silver formate, silver cyanide and the like.
- the catalyst containing silver is not particularly limited as long as it has the ability to hydrogenate a carbonyl functional group to an alcohol, and what is commercially available as a so-called hydrogenation catalyst can be used as it is and is supported on various supports. Supported catalysts are available on the market.
- the catalyst containing silver includes a supported catalyst in which silver is supported on a carrier (a material in which Ag is supported on a carrier).
- a carrier for example, silica, alumina, silica alumina, titania, magnesia, silica magnesia, zirconia, carbon, acid clay, or diatomaceous earth can be used.
- silica, alumina, silica alumina, titania, magnesia, silica magnesia, zirconia, and carbon can be used.
- the catalyst containing these silver may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types.
- the shape of the catalyst containing silver is not particularly limited, and may be spherical, cylindrical, extruded, or crushed, and the particle size is in the range of 0.01 mm to 100 mm. You may select according to.
- These silver-containing catalysts may be supported on the solid acid substance.
- the silver nitrate aqueous solution is impregnated with a solid acid substance and calcined, or Ag is soluble in an organic solvent.
- a complex obtained by binding organic molecules called a ligand is added to an organic solvent, a solution is prepared, and the solution is impregnated with a solid acid substance and baked. Further, some of the complexes are vaporized under vacuum, so that they can be supported on a solid acid substance by a method such as vapor deposition.
- a coprecipitation method can be employed in which a salt of Ag serving as a hydrogenation catalyst coexists to simultaneously perform carrier synthesis and loading of a catalyst containing a metal. .
- examples of the aromatic compound include compounds having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, such as benzene homologues such as benzene, toluene and xylene, their substituent derivatives, naphthalene homologues such as naphthalene and methylnaphthalene, these And the like.
- examples of the ketone include compounds having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and target and non-target compounds can be used.
- examples of the group bonded to the carbonyl group include an alkyl group and an aryl group, and specific examples include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and acetophenone.
- the reaction of producing cumene using benzene as an aromatic compound and acetone as a ketone is the most important industrially.
- the molar ratio of benzene to acetone is preferably 1-20.
- the amount of diisopropylbenzene and triisopropylbenzene produced tends to increase.
- Diisopropylbenzene and triisopropylbenzene can be converted back to cumene by transalkylation with benzene in the cumene process, but transalkylation has a high reaction temperature, and steam is too high when the amount of diisopropylbenzene or triisopropylbenzene is too high.
- the cost may increase and it may not be economical.
- the amount exceeds the above range when recovering excess benzene in the subsequent step of the reactor, the distillation tower is loaded, which may not be economical.
- the reaction between the aromatic compound and the ketone is performed in the presence of hydrogen.
- the hydrogen mentioned here may be molecular hydrogen gas or hydrogen generated from a hydrocarbon such as cyclohexane that generates hydrogen under the reaction conditions.
- the hydrogen should in principle be at least equimolar with acetone, and from the viewpoint of separation and recovery, a preferable range is 1 to 50 times mol, preferably from acetone. Is 1 to 30 moles.
- hydrogen supplied in the reaction of the present invention reacts with oxygen atoms of acetone to become water, and can be taken out from the reactor outlet together with cumene.
- hydrogen exceeding the equivalent of acetone is essentially not consumed unless an undesirable side reaction proceeds.
- hydrogen gas When hydrogen gas is added to the reaction system, it is usually supplied continuously, but this method is not particularly limited, and after the addition of hydrogen gas at the start of the reaction, the supply during the reaction is stopped and a certain time It may be intermittently supplied again later, or in the case of a liquid phase reaction, hydrogen gas may be dissolved in a solvent and supplied. In the recycling process, hydrogen gas recovered from the top of the tower may be supplied together with the light boiling fraction.
- the pressure of hydrogen to be added is generally equal to the pressure in the reactor, but may be appropriately changed according to the hydrogen supply method.
- reaction raw material acetone, benzene and hydrogen gas may be contacted by either gas-liquid countercurrent or gas-liquid co-flow.
- the liquid and gas directions are liquid descending-gas rising, liquid rising-gas falling, liquid gas rising. Any of liquid gas lowering may be used.
- the reaction temperature is not particularly limited in the present invention, but it is preferably in the range of 50 to 300 ° C, more preferably 60 to 200 ° C. In general, the preferred operating pressure range is 0.1 to 500 atmospheres, more preferably 0.5 to 100 atmospheres.
- the amount of catalyst used is not particularly limited.
- the raw material (ketone + Aromatic compound) per hour (weight) divided by the weight of the catalyst (total amount of solid acid material and silver-containing catalyst), that is, 0.01-100 / h, expressed as WHSV The range is desirably, and more preferably in the range of 0.05 to 50 / h.
- the amount ratio of the solid acid substance to the silver-containing catalyst is not particularly limited.
- the solid acid substance: silver-containing catalyst (weight ratio) is 1: 0.01 to 1: 100.
- it is 1: 0.05 to 1:50. If the weight ratio of the solid acid substance is too small, the alkylation reaction is not sufficiently performed, and the yield of alkylated aromatic compounds such as cumene is lowered, which may not be economical. Also, if the weight ratio of the solid acid substance is too large, the conversion rate of acetone is lowered, which may not be economical.
- the packing method of the catalyst containing the solid acid substance and the silver may greatly affect the reaction results.
- hydrogenation and alkylation are considered to occur in stages. Therefore, it is preferable to sequentially fill the appropriate catalyst species corresponding to each stage of the reaction in terms of efficient use of the catalyst and in terms of suppressing unwanted side reactions.
- Examples of the method of sequentially filling the appropriate catalyst species according to each stage of the reaction include (1) a method of uniformly mixing and filling a solid acid substance and a catalyst containing silver, and (2) containing the silver.
- a method, (6) comprising a solid acid substance and said silver A method of filling so as to form a layer made of a medium (upstream side) and a layer made of a solid acid substance (downstream side); (7) a layer made of a solid acid substance carrying the catalyst containing silver (upstream side) ) And a layer made of a solid acid substance (downstream side).
- the upstream side refers to the inlet side of the reactor, that is, the layer through which the raw material passes in the first half of the reaction
- the downstream side refers to the outlet side of the reactor, that is, the layer that passes through the second half of the reaction.
- the method can be carried out in any of batch, semi-batch, and continuous flow methods. It can be carried out in any form of a liquid phase, a gas phase, and a gas-liquid mixed phase.
- a catalyst filling method various methods such as a fixed bed, a fluidized bed, a suspension bed, and a shelf fixed bed are adopted, and any method may be used.
- the inert gas such as nitrogen and helium may be circulated through a reactor filled with a catalyst containing a solid acid substance and a metal and kept at a temperature of 300 ° C. or more for 10 minutes or more.
- treatment under a hydrogen stream can be performed after the dehydration treatment.
- regeneration can be performed by a known method to recover the activity of the catalyst containing the solid acid substance and silver.
- two or three reactors are arranged in parallel and one or two reactors remaining while one reactor is regenerating The merry-go-round method for carrying out the reaction may be used.
- a method may be used in which the other two reactors are connected in series to reduce fluctuations in production.
- cumene can be obtained directly from by-product acetone, for example, during phenol production, by the method for producing an alkylated aromatic compound of the present invention.
- the cumene thus obtained can be used as a raw material for producing phenol and acetone.
- the above production method can be used in a process for producing phenol by oxidizing cumene and then decomposing it, including the following steps (a) to (d). There is no problem to provide.
- a process (c) is implemented according to the manufacturing method of the above-mentioned alkylated aromatic compound.
- the phenol production method of the present invention comprises the following steps: (A) oxidizing cumene to convert it to cumene hydroperoxide; (B) acid-decomposing cumene hydroperoxide to synthesize phenol and acetone; (C) reacting the acetone produced in the step (b) with hydrogen and benzene to synthesize cumene, and (d) circulating the cumene obtained in the step (c) to the step (a).
- Step (c) is performed by the above-described method for producing an alkylated aromatic compound. That is, in the step (c), an aromatic compound, a ketone and hydrogen are reacted in the presence of a solid acid substance and a catalyst containing silver.
- step (c) by-product acetone can be converted into cumene in a single reaction step, and the cumene can be used as a raw material for producing phenol.
- step (a) is not particularly limited as long as cumene hydroperoxide is obtained, and can be performed by a conventional method
- step (b) is particularly limited as long as phenol and acetone are obtained.
- the cumene initially charged in the step (a) may be obtained by a conventional method or may be obtained by the above-described method for producing an alkylated aromatic compound.
- Example 1 (Preparation of catalyst) In a 300 ml eggplant flask, 30.0 g of silica gel powder (Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Caractect Q-15) is placed, and 6.4 g of silver lactate 0.5 hydrate (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is added to 100 ml of ion-exchanged water. The dissolved solution was added. Water was distilled off at 40-50 ° C. under a reduced pressure of 10 mmHg and dried overnight under a nitrogen stream. Next, under a hydrogen atmosphere, the temperature was raised from 100 ° C. to 320 ° C.
- the 10% Ag / silica gel catalyst was compression molded at 20 MPa and then classified into 250 to 500 ⁇ m in a SUS316 reactor having an inner diameter of 1 cm: 6.0 g and ⁇ zeolite (manufactured by Catalyst Kasei Co., Ltd., after compression molding at 20 MPa, 250 1.0 g) was mixed and packed as a catalyst layer.
- Example 1 In Example 1, instead of 10% Ag / silica gel catalyst, 1.0 g of copper chromite (manufactured by SudChemie, product name G99b, element mass% Cu 35%, Cr 31%, Ba 2%, Mn 3%) The reaction was carried out in the same manner except that it was used. As shown in Table 1, a large amount of propane was produced as a by-product.
- a corresponding alkylated aromatic compound can be obtained in a single reaction step by directly reacting a ketone with an aromatic compound.
- the present invention is industrially practical. If this method is used, cumene can be obtained directly from by-product acetone during phenol production by the cumene method. The cumene thus obtained can be used as a raw material for producing phenol and acetone, and can be used for a process of oxidizing and then decomposing cumene.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、アセトンとベンゼンと水素とを直接反応させてクメンを得るための工業上、実用的な製造方法を提供することを目的とする。具体的には、単一反応工程で、アセトン等のケトン、ベンゼン等の芳香族化合物および水素を出発物質として、高収率でクメン等のアルキル化芳香族化合物が得られる新たなアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。さらに、該方法を工程の一部に含む、従来のクメン法と比べて工程の増加を伴わないフェノールの製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
本発明は、前記芳香族化合物がベンゼンであり、前記ケトンがアセトンであることが好ましい。
前記固体酸物質と、前記銀を含む触媒とが混合された状態で反応を行うことが好ましい。
(a)クメンを酸化してクメンヒドロペルオキシドへ変換する工程、
(b)クメンヒドロペルオキシドを酸分解させてフェノールとアセトンを合成する工程、
(c)上記工程(b)において生成するアセトンを水素およびベンゼンと反応させてクメンを合成する工程、
(d)上記工程(c)で得られるクメンを工程(a)へ循環する工程
を含むフェノールの製造方法であって、
工程(c)を上記アルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法で行うことを特徴とする。
本発明においては、前記固体酸物質と前記銀を含む触媒との2成分を用いればよくその利用方法については特に制限はないが、酸触媒成分である前記固体酸物質と、前記銀を含む触媒とをセンチメートルサイズの触媒粒子レベルで物理混合しても良いし、両者を微細化し混合した後改めてセンチメートルサイズの触媒粒子へ成型しても良いし、さらには酸触媒として作用する前記固体酸物質を担体としてその上に前記銀を含む触媒を担持しても良いし、逆に前記銀を含む触媒を担体としその上に前記固体酸物質を担持しても良い。
本発明に用いる固体酸物質は、酸としての機能を持つ触媒であり、一般的に固体酸と呼ばれるものであれば良く、ゼオライト化合物、シリカアルミナ、アルミナ、硫酸イオン担持ジルコニア、WO3担持ジルコニアなどを用いることができる。
本発明に用いる銀(Ag)を含む触媒(触媒組成物)としては、Ag金属そのものを含むもの、金属化合物の形で含有するもの等が挙げられる。
他の例としては、硝酸銀、乳酸銀、酢酸銀、安息香酸銀、炭酸銀、クロム酸銀、ぎ酸銀、シアン化銀等が挙げられる。
担体としては、例えばシリカ、アルミナ、シリカアルミナ、チタニア、マグネシア、シリカマグネシア、ジルコニア、カーボン、酸性白土、けいそう土を用いることができる。中でも、シリカ、アルミナ、シリカアルミナ、チタニア、マグネシア、シリカマグネシア、ジルコニア、カーボンのうちの少なくとも1つを選択することが好ましい。
銀を含む触媒の形状は特に制限は無く、球状・円柱状・押し出し状・破砕状のいずれでもよく、またその粒子の大きさも、0.01mm~100mmの範囲のもので、反応器の大きさに応じ選定すればよい。
反応原料であるアセトンとベンゼンと水素ガスとの接触は、気液向流、気液併流どちらでも良く、また液、ガスの方向として、液下降-ガス上昇、液上昇-ガス下降、液ガス上昇、液ガス下降のいずれでも良い。
本発明を実施するに際して、その方法はバッチ式、セミバッチ式、または連続流通式のいずれの方法においても実施することが可能である。液相、気相、気-液混合相の、いずれの形態においても実施することが可能である。触媒の充填方式としては、固定床、流動床、懸濁床、棚段固定床等種々の方式が採用され、いずれの方式で実施しても差し支えない。
クメン等のアルキル化芳香族化合物の生産量を維持するために、反応器を2つまたは3つ並列に並べ、一つの反応器が再生している間に、残った1つまたは2つの反応器で反応を実施するメリーゴーランド方式をとっても構わない。さらに反応器が3つある場合、他の反応器2つを直列につなぎ、生産量の変動を少なくする方法をとっても良い。また流動床流通反応方式や移動床反応方式で実施する場合には、反応器から連続的または断続的に、一部またはすべての触媒を抜き出し、相当する分を補充することにより一定の活性を維持することが可能である。
このようにして得られたクメンはフェノールとアセトンの製造原料として利用可能である。具体的には、上記製造方法は、以下の工程(a)~(d)を含む、クメンを酸化し、ついで分解することによりフェノールを製造するプロセスなどに利用可能であり、さらに種々の改良法を提供しても問題ない。なお、工程(c)は上述のアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法に従って実施される。
(a)クメンを酸化してクメンヒドロペルオキシドへ変換する工程
(b)クメンヒドロペルオキシドを酸分解させてフェノールとアセトンを合成する工程
(c)上記工程(b)において生成するアセトンを水素およびベンゼンと反応させてクメンを合成する工程
(d)上記工程(c)で得られるクメンを工程(a)へ循環する工程。
(a)クメンを酸化してクメンヒドロペルオキシドへ変換する工程、
(b)クメンヒドロペルオキシドを酸分解させてフェノールとアセトンを合成する工程、
(c)上記工程(b)において生成するアセトンを水素およびベンゼンと反応させてクメンを合成する工程、および
(d)上記工程(c)で得られるクメンを工程(a)へ循環する工程
を含み、工程(c)を上述したアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法で行う。すなわち、工程(c)では、固体酸物質と、銀を含む触媒との存在下で、芳香族化合物とケトンと水素とを反応させる。
なお、上記フェノールの製造方法において、工程(a)はクメンヒドロペルオキシドが得られる限り特に制限されず、従来の方法で行うことができ、工程(b)はフェノールとアセトンが得られる限り特に制限されず、従来の方法で行うことができる。また、工程(a)で最初に仕込むクメンは、従来の方法により得られたものであっても、上述したアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法により得られたものであってもよい。
[実施例1]
〔触媒の調製〕
300mlのナスフラスコ中にシリカゲル粉末(富士シリシア化学社製、キャリアクトQ-15)30.0gを入れ、乳酸銀0.5水和物(和光純薬製)6.4gをイオン交換水100mlに溶解させた溶液を加えた。10mmHgの減圧下、40~50℃で水を留去し、窒素気流下で一晩乾燥した。次いで水素雰囲気下、100℃から5時間かけて320℃まで昇温し還元処理を行った。放冷した後、黒色粉末として32.9gの10%Ag/シリカゲル触媒(担持触媒)を得た。
〔クメンの製造〕
高圧用フィードポンプ、高圧用水素マスフロー、高圧用窒素マスフロー、電気炉、触媒充填部分を有する反応器、背圧弁を設置した固定床反応装置を用い、ダウンフローによる加圧液相流通反応を行った。
反応結果は表1に示したように後述する比較例1と比べて、高選択的にクメンが生成することがわかった。
実施例1において、10%Ag/シリカゲル触媒の代わりに亜クロム酸銅(SudChemie社製、製品名G99b、元素質量% Cu 35%、Cr 31%、Ba 2%、Mn 3%)1.0gを用いた以外は同様に反応を行った。反応結果は表1に示したようにプロパンが多く副生した。
Claims (10)
- 固体酸物質と、銀を含む触媒との存在下で、芳香族化合物とケトンと水素とを反応させることを特徴とするアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法。
- 前記芳香族化合物がベンゼンであり、前記ケトンがアセトンであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法。
- 前記固体酸物質がゼオライト化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法。
- 前記固体酸物質が酸素10~16員環の細孔を有するゼオライト化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法。
- 前記固体酸物質が酸素10または12員環の細孔を有するゼオライト化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法。
- 前記固体酸物質がβゼオライト、モルデナイト、ZSM-5ゼオライト、ZSM-12ゼオライト、およびY型ゼオライトからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種のゼオライト化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法。
- 前記固体酸物質がβゼオライトであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法。
- 前記触媒が、銀を担体に担持した担持触媒を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法。
- 前記固体酸物質と、銀を含む触媒とが混合された状態で反応を行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法。
- 以下の工程、
(a)クメンを酸化してクメンヒドロペルオキシドへ変換する工程、
(b)クメンヒドロペルオキシドを酸分解させてフェノールとアセトンを合成する工程、
(c)上記工程(b)において生成するアセトンを水素およびベンゼンと反応させてクメンを合成する工程、
(d)上記工程(c)で得られるクメンを工程(a)へ循環する工程
を含むフェノールの製造方法であって、
工程(c)を請求項1に記載のアルキル化芳香族化合物の製造方法で行うことを特徴とするフェノールの製造方法。
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JP2774607B2 (ja) | 1988-09-30 | 1998-07-09 | 三井化学株式会社 | フェノールの製造方法およびその製造時の副生アセトンからプロピレンを得る方法 |
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MY105602A (en) * | 1988-11-28 | 1994-11-30 | Mitsui Petrochemical Ind | Preparation of cumene through alkylation of an aromatic compound and preparation of phenol through cumene. |
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JPH1135497A (ja) | 1997-07-15 | 1999-02-09 | Mitsui Chem Inc | クメンの製造方法 |
DE10008924A1 (de) | 2000-02-25 | 2001-09-06 | Phenolchemie Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Phenol |
US7141703B2 (en) | 2003-02-14 | 2006-11-28 | Shell Oil Company | Process for producing phenol and ketone using neutralizing base |
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