WO2010101536A1

WO2010101536A1 - Accumulator cap with increased cooling surface

Info

Publication number: WO2010101536A1
Application number: PCT/TR2009/000125
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ugur Gunduz; Ali Unlu
Original assignee: Akumsan Plastik Urunler Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi
Priority date: 2009-03-04
Filing date: 2009-10-13
Publication date: 2010-09-10

Abstract

The invention relates in particular to the improvement on operation principles of that part of maintenance-free (non-maintenance) accumulator caps called the secondary section.

Description

ACCUMULATOR CAP WITH INCREASED COOLING SURFACE

Technical Field

The invention relates to accumulator caps.

Background of the Invention

Various cap embodiments have been formed to minimize the contact of accumulators with the external environment. Accumulators are devices that store electrical energy as chemicals energy and release this as electrical energy when desired. Accumulators, even though they particularly provide for the initial start up such as ignition and start in motorized vehicles, are also energy sources for other equipment that operate on direct current. In known applications, in order to store electrical energy in the accumulator body as chemical energy, there are chambers called cells. Metal plates made from different materials are placed in the chemical to form the negative and positive poles. Inside the cells there are chemicals such as liquids, gels or liquid/solids which store energy in chemical form. Prior generations of accumulators are prevalently user controlled. In order to balance the liquid loss which occur in accumulators, addition of pure water and follow up are required.

With the present state of the art, accumulators have been developed that do not require predominant user control and addition of pure water. Due to chemicals developed specifically for the accumulator the use of maintenance-free accumulators that do not require addition of water are becoming prevalent. Said accumulators comprise a cap that covers the body and a second cap over the cell section of the accumulator together with the cap. During the operation of the accumulators heat and steam are created due to exothermal reaction. The released steam is discharged. In application no: CN201153132 titled "Accumulator cap for smooth gas discharge" an accumulator bddy^~aήd cap construction has been defined with exhaust details that discharge the gas building up inside the accumulator. In another application . with no: CN201153134 titled "Turnover leakage preventing lead acid accumulator cap" details have been defined that prevent leakage in the event the accumulator is turned around 180 degrees. A safe discharge of gasses increases maintenance and repair requirements of the accumulator in time. Due to the said disadvantage the useful life of the accumulator is reduced.

Object of the Invention

Based on the state of the art, the object of the invention is to; eliminate existing disadvantages through improvements made on caps used in maintenance-free accumulators.

Another object of the invention is to enable the recovery for the accumulators, of water vapor losses that are caused inside the accumulator as the result of the heat formed due to the internal resistance of the accumulator and during exothermal reactions formed during charging. Yet another object of the invention is to increase the cooling surface on the accumulator cap. In this manner, condensation has been ensured to a large extent on the cap. In this manner the water which has been vaporized has been caused to condense and return to the accumulator cell. In this manner the useful life of maintenance-free accumulators that do not require addition of water has been increased.

Another object of the invention is to prevent the discharge to the outside of the chemical that is heated and vaporizes inside the accumulator. Yet another object of the invention is to cause the chemical which heats and vaporizes inside the accumulator to condense and return to the cell. Yet another object of the invention is to minimize the temperature difference inside the accumulator. In this manner the useful life of the accumulator has been increased. Thus the rrm for accumulator maintenance and repairs has been reduced. Thus there is no need for the end user to continuously follow up the accumulator use.

In order to satisfy the said objects innovations have been made to the accumulator cap comprising maintenance-free accumulator and accumulator cells, at least one cap which covers the said accumulator cells having steal outlets and at least one secondary cap which covers the said. steam outlets. In order to satisfy the said objects innovations have been made to the accumulator cap comprising maintenance-free accumulator and accumulator cells, at least one cap which covers the said accumulator cells having steal outlets and at least one secondary cap which covers the said steam outlets.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in order to ensure that the said steam is converted to liquid form by condensing inside the accumulator without getting our from the secondary cap (2), grid formed constructs have been formed in between the said accumulator cells and the secondary cap, which have multiple stages, which increases the circulation surface for the steam and which are formed on that surface of the said cap which faces the accumulator cells, which minimize the temperature difference between the said accumulator cells and the secondary cap to cause the said steam to condense.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, multiple plugs have been formed which cause the steam from the said accumulator cell to cool down and condense, which are connected to the holes opened on the secondary cap and connected tightly to the steam outlet having a sequential trapeze disk geometry formed around a cylinder.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in order to provide the chemical from mixing on the secondary cap during test or vibration, a multiple number of preventive pieces have been formed on that surface of the said secondary cap which faces the cap and which have a preventive function in between cell walls and which function as an air trap.

Description of the Figures

Figure-1 : Is the perspective view of the accumulator embodiment with increased cooling surface in a representative application of the invention. Figure-2a : Is the perspective view of the accumulator cap with increased cooling surface in a representative application of the invention. Figure-2b : Is the perspective view with the secondary cap section dismantled in a representative application of the invention given in figure-2a. Figure-2c : Is the perspective view in dismantled form of a different application of the secondary, cap section in a representative application of the invention. Figure 2d : Is the dismantled view of from the bottom part of the secondary cap section of the accumulator cap with increased cooling surface in a representative application of the invention. Figure-3a : Is the bottom perspective view of the accumulator cap with increased cooling surface in a representative application of the invention. Figure-3b : Is the cross sectional view of the cap in a representative application given in figure-3a. Figure-4a : Is the top perspective view of the accumulator cap with increased cooling surface in a representative application of the invention. Figure-4b : Is the cross sectional view of the cap in a representative application given in figure-4a. Figure-5a : Is the top perspective view of the secondary accumulator cap with increased cooling surface in a representative application of the invention. Figure-5b : Is the cross sectional view showing the fins and labyrinths ducts of the cap in a representative application given in.figure-5a. Figure-6a : Is the perspective top view of the secondary accumulator cap in a representative application of the invention. Figure-6b : Is the cross sectional view showing the preventive pieces of the cap in a representative application of the invention given in figure-6a. Figure-6c : Is a different cross sectional view showing the preventive pieces of the cap in a representative application of the invention. Figure-7 : Is the view of the plugs of the accumulator cap with increased cooling surface in a representative application of the invention. Figure-8a : Is the cross sectional view of the secondary cap showing the plug hole and tooth for the accumulator cap with increased cooling surface in a representative application of the invention. Figure-8b : Is the cross sectional view of the secondary cap showing the plug hole for the accumulator cap with increased cooling surface in a representative application of the invention. Reference Numbers:

1 Cap 2.3 Fins

1.1 Grids 2.4 Labyrinth ducts

1.2 Tilted duct 2.5 Preventive pieces

1.3 Steam outlet 3 Plug

2 Secondary cap 3.1 Discharge opening

2.1 Plug hole 4 Accumulator

2.2 Fixing teeth 4.1 Accumulator cell

Detailed Description of the Invention:

The application of the invention given in the figures is the embodiment of the accumulator cap with increased cooling surface. In Figure- T the general view of the accumulator (4) is given. In Figures 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d assembled and disassembled views of the cap section for different models, directions and states are given.

With the development, which is the subject matter of the invention, it has been aimed that while performing work to improve the production line in Accumulator factories, also to carry out work to improve the internal operation system of the Accumulator and minimize the electrolytic losses. The accumulator life for a maintenance-free secondary accumulator the accumulator life depends on two major factors, the first is related to the plate technology and is the subject of accumulator manufacturers and the second is to reduce the effect of the heat that arises during operation as the result of exothermal reactions" and internal resistance and to minimize electrolytic losses.

To enable this process cooling fins have been designed (grids (1.1), (figure-3a)) on the surfaces that form the ceiling of the accumulator cell that remain outside the secondary cap area. What is aimed with these fins (grids (1.1), (figure-3a)) is to increase the heat transfer amount without increasing the temperature difference between the internal enc and the internal surface. CL= F * α * Δtjn depends on the amount of heat transferred from the internal environment to the surface and if the amount of heat produced inside the accumulator is Q , F_is the area of the internal surface and g the convection coefficient depends on the environment conditions and the rate of flow of the air. If the air flow rate and the fluid type does not change it does not change. Δt_β is the temperature difference between the internal environment and the internal surface. As also seen in this formula of Q is taken to be constant when F increases Δtj₅ decreases and this result reduces the accumulator internal temperature for us.

(As a result, the reduction of the fluid temperature reduces vaporization). It is inversely proportional to F. With the grids (1.1)1 the heat transfer surface in increased.

The cooling and condensation plug (3) has been added in between the secondary cap (2) and the accumulator cells (4.1) (figure-1 ,2b,7). The aim is to capture a portion of the gasses that escape the accumulator cell (4.1) on the surface of this piece and cause them to return to the cell. In order to prevent that these plug (3) pieces fall into the accumulator cells (4.1) by time, three fixing teeth (2.2) each in every plug hole has been placed (2.2) (figure-8a,8b). The gas which passes through the plug (3) pieces without condensing starts to contact with the internal surface of the secondary cap (2) and because the other surface of the secondary cap (2) is in contact with the air, the heat transfer in this area is much better and while it is aimed to increase the surface with intermediate fins (2.3) on the internal surface the route of the gas and the steam have also been extended with the intermediate fins (2.3) (fins (2.3), labyrinth ducts (2.4), (figure-5a,5b)). With the maintenance-free secondary accumulator as the result of the heat that is formed during the charging that takes place inside the accumulator (4) due to exothermal reactions and the internal resistance of the accumulator (4) the reclamation of water vapor losses into the accumulator (4) are improved.

Inside the maintenance-free accumulator (4) shown in Figure-1 there are separated accumulator cells (4.1). A cap (1.) that covers the accumulator cells (4.1) which has steam outlets (1.3) and a secondary cap (2) which covers the steam outlets (1.3) are the principle accumulator (4) elements. Via a grid (1.1), haying a.multiple number of stages which minimizes the temperature difference between the accumulator cells (4.1) and the secondary cap (2) and enables the steam to condense, which increases the circulation surface for the steam, which is formed on that surface of the cap (1) which faces the accumulator cells (4.1) and causes the steam to cool off by increasing, its contact surface (figure- 1 ,3a, 3b) the steam, bf it exits through the secondary cap (2), condenses inside the accumulator (4) and is caused to be converted to liquid form. With the main body cap cooling and condensation grid (1.1) to discharge the heat that forms in the accumulator (4) during the operation to the external environment and a part of the condensed liquid is caused to condense inside the cell without passing to the secondary section.

Via a multiple number of plugs (3) (figure-1,7) which cause the steam coming from the accumulator cell (4.1) and connected tightly to the holes opened on the secondary cap (2) and the steam outlet (1.3), which has sequential teeth formed around a cylinder, the steam is caused to condense inside the accumulator (4) without exiting the secondary cap (2) and converts to liquid phase. In the secondary cap (2) (double cap) the cooling and condensation plug (3) causes a part of the electrolytic gas that does not condense inside the cell to condense in the plug (3) and return to the cell.

Via a multiple number of preventive pieces (2.5) formed on that surface of the secondary cap (2) that faces the cap (1) and functions as a blockage in between the cell walls and functions as an air trap (figure-6a, 6b, 6c) it is prevented that the chemical of the accumulator cells (4.1) mixes on the secondary cap (2)in the event of test or vibration. To reinforce the top secondary cap (2) and extend the route of the non-condensed gas and to prevent liquid passage from cell to cell during the roll-over test are the preventive pieces (2.5); three functions are given to these teeth:

- Tp extend the route of the electrolytic steam that has reached up to this point without condensing and to prevent that they reach the filter through the longest route these teeth are needed.

- The strength reduction of the cavities left in this areas for cell to cell passage are reinforced. - During the test called the roll-over test, the accumulator is laid on its long edge and during this time the electrolytic in the accumulator cells flow to the secondary section and the air traps formed in this section prevent the passage of electrolyte of this liquid from passing to the next cell.

Via the multiple number of fins (2.3) formed on that surface of the secondary cap (2) shown in Figure-5' and 5b which face the cap (1), steam condensation is caused on the secondary cap (2) and is caused to return to the accumulator cells (4.1). In order to enable steam condensation-on the secondary cap (2) and cause it to return to the accumulator cells (4.1), with the multiple number of labyrinth ducts (2.4) formed on that surface of the secondary cap (2) which face the cap (1), steam condensation is caused on the secondary cap (2) and is caused to return to the accumulator cells (4.1). With the cooling condensation fins (2.3) on the secondary cap (2) (double cap) and the labyrinth ducts (2.4) the gas which has reached up to the double cap is caused to condense in this area and the condensed liquid returns to inside the cell by following the routes on the body cap (1).

Owing to the two tilted ducts (1.2) along two axes formed on the surface of the cap (1) facing the accumulator cells (4.1) (figure-4a and 4b), the steam which condenses in between the grids (1.1)' is^~caused to return to the accumulator cell (4.1). With tilted ducts (1.2) along two axes formed on the surface of the body cap (1) that enable the condensed liquid to return to inside the accumulator (4) and the electrolytic steam which has been condensed in the secondary cap (2) section are rapidly returned to the same cell within the shortest time and ensure the stability of the electrolytic level in the accumulator cells (4.1). The tilted ducts (1.2) are ducts with bodies tilted (1.2) to two axes which cause the condensed liquid to return to the accumulator (4). In order to for the whole of the liquid which condenses on the secondary section of the surface our the body cap (1) which faces the secondary cap (2) to return to the cell a tilt in two axes has been given to the ducts.

Via a discharge-opening (3:1χfornned as an indentation on the plug (3) disks shown in Figure-7, the condensed steam which has liquefied on the secondary cap (2) is caused to flow into the accumulator cells (4.1). To enable the connection of the plugs (3) shown in Figures-2d, 6c, 8a and 8b to the secondary cap (2); there is a plug hole (2.1) formed on the secondary cap (2) in a manner to encompass the plug (3) cap. There is a multiple number of fixing teeth (2.2) that are formed on the tips of the plug hole (2.1) which enable the plug (3) cap to lock onto the plug hole (2.1). The plug fixing teeth (2.2) are 3 pieces for each of the secondary cap (2) (duplex cap) of the cooling and condensation plug. The six plug (3) pieces fitted on the secondary cap (2) (duplex cap) are prevented-from being effected from the vibrations and fall down.

The invention cannot be limited to the representative applications given in this section. Alternative embodiments which can be developed by persons specialized in the technical field based on the principle elements stated within the scope of protection under the claims shall mean a violation of the invention.

Claims

1. The invention relates to an accumulator with increased cooling surface which comprises a maintenance-free accumulator (4) and accumulator cells (4.1) located. in the said accumulator (4), at least one cap (1) which covers the said accumulator cells (4.1) and has steam outlets (1.3)1 and at least one secondary cap (2) which covers the. saiclsteam outlets (1.3), characterized in that;

- in order to ensure that the said steam condenses inside the accumulator (4) without leaving the secondary cap (2) and is converted to liquid form, it comprises at least one grid (1.1) which has a multiple staged grid form and which minimizes the temperature difference between the said accumulator cells (4.1) and the secondary cap (2) and enables the said steam to condense, and which increases the circulation surface of the steam, which is formed on that surface of the said cap (1) which faces the accumulator cells (4.1) and causes the steam to cool down by increasing its contact surface, and

- a multiple number of plugs (3) which causes the steam coming from the said accumulator cell (4.1) to condense, which is tightly connected to the holes opening to the said secondary cap (2) and to the steam outlet (1.3), having sequential teeth ordered around a cylinder.

2. An accumulator ..with.,. increased _. cooling surface according to Claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a multiple number of fins (2.3) formed on that surface of the said secondary cap (2) which faces the cap (1).

3. An accumulator cap with increased cooling surface according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a multiple number of labyrinth ducts (2.4) formed on that surface of the said secondary cap (2) which faces the cap (1).

4. An accumulator cap with increased cooling surface according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises at least two tilted ducts (1.2) along two axes on that surface of the said cap (1) which faces the accumulator cells (4.1).

5. An accumulator cap with increased cooling surface according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises at least one discharge opening (3.1) formed as an indentation on the disks of the said plugs (3).

6. The invention relates to an accumulator with increased cooling surface which comprises a maintenance-free accumulator (4) and accumulator cells (4.1) located in the said accumulator (4), at least one cap (1) which covers the said accumulator cells (4.1) and has steam outlets (1.3)1 and at least one secondary cap (2) which covers the sajd steam outlets (1.3), characterized in that;

- During tests or in case of vibrations in order to prevent the chemical in the accumulator cells (4.1) to mix on the secondary cap (2), it comprises a multiple number of preventive pieces (2.5) formed on that surface of the said secondary cap (2) which faces the cap (1) which functions as blockage in between the cell wall and functions as an air trap.

7. An accumulator cap with increased cooling surface according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that; in order to ensure that the said plugs (3) are connected to the said secondary cap (2);

- It comprises at least one plug hole (2.1) formed on the said secondary cap (2) which is formed in a manner to encompass the plug (3) cap,

- A multiple number of fixing teeth (2.2) formed on the tips of the said plug hole (2.1) which ensure the said plug (3) cap to lock onto the plug hole

(2.1).