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WO2010045834A1 - 视频监控系统实现媒体穿越网络地址翻译的方法和系统 - Google Patents

视频监控系统实现媒体穿越网络地址翻译的方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010045834A1
WO2010045834A1 PCT/CN2009/074115 CN2009074115W WO2010045834A1 WO 2010045834 A1 WO2010045834 A1 WO 2010045834A1 CN 2009074115 W CN2009074115 W CN 2009074115W WO 2010045834 A1 WO2010045834 A1 WO 2010045834A1
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Prior art keywords
client
media
monitoring front
signaling
rtsp
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PCT/CN2009/074115
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
关君
段新平
靳自鸣
霍东风
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2010045834A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010045834A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/09Mapping addresses
    • H04L61/25Mapping addresses of the same type
    • H04L61/2503Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
    • H04L61/256NAT traversal
    • H04L61/2564NAT traversal for a higher-layer protocol, e.g. for session initiation protocol [SIP]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/613Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for the control of the source by the destination
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/65Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a network media transmission technology, and in particular, to a video surveillance system, which implements a method and system for media traversal network address translation (Network Address Translation) .
  • Network Address Translation Network Address Translation
  • a network monitoring system implements media transmission through an intranet (Internet) and an Internet (Internet) to perform remote video surveillance. No matter where they are, users can use the computer or TV to log on to the Internet to connect to the remote monitoring system and realize real-time image and sound transmission.
  • Video surveillance is intuitive, convenient, and rich in information. It has been widely used in many occasions, such as public security bureaus, banks, schools, hospitals, and highways. In recent years, with the rapid development of computers, networks, and image processing and transmission technologies, video surveillance technology has also made great progress.
  • a NAT device allows multiple hosts in the same NAT to share a public network.
  • the network in the same NAT is called the private network.
  • the network on the NAT is called the public network.
  • a private IP address communicates with other hosts on the public network through the NAT device.
  • the host initiates the connection by the host in the private network.
  • the data packet is sent to the server on the public network.
  • the connection is established, the data can be transmitted in both directions.
  • the NAT device allows the host in the private network to send data to the host in the public network. Active transmission in the opposite direction. In the video surveillance system, hosts in different private networks need to be interconnected.
  • the related patent documents include: Chinese Patent Application Nos. 200710195416.3 and 200610021989, which disclose a method of streaming media traversing NAT, but need to use a media distribution server for media forwarding; with the development of the network, many buildings
  • the device already has a local area network and a wide area network.
  • How to use the existing public network and private network to carry a video surveillance system to achieve media data traversing the public network and the private network has become a problem to be solved.
  • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the problem that the prior art cannot implement the media data traversing NAT by using the existing system.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a video monitoring system to implement the medium.
  • RTSP Real Time Streaming Protocol
  • a method is provided, in which a monitoring front end and a client directly perform traversal of media RTSP signaling and media code stream through a NAT device.
  • the method for implementing media traversing NAT by the video monitoring system according to the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the client obtains a media traversal from the monitoring front end to the client side by using the RTSP signaling extension according to the received media acquisition response message.
  • the method further includes the following steps: C.
  • the monitoring front end stops sending the media code stream to the client, and the playing stops.
  • the step A specifically includes the following steps:
  • the client Before the direct connection is played, the client obtains the IP address, the RTSP port number, and the URL of the monitoring front end from the service platform, thereby establishing the TCP connection;
  • A2 The client sends a video monitoring request message to the monitoring front end, where the client determines whether the capability of sending a NAT traversal packet to the monitoring front end and a signaling address of the client are included;
  • the monitoring front end determines whether to notify the client to send an RTSP signaling traversal packet according to whether the signaling address of the client and the received signaling source address are the same.
  • the step ⁇ and the step B further comprise the following steps:
  • the monitoring front end sends a media description information message to the client;
  • the client sends a request to the monitoring front end to obtain the media message.
  • the step B specifically includes the following steps: B1, the monitoring front end returns a media acquisition response message to the client, where the response message includes whether the client is required to send the media code stream traversal package and the public network IP address and port number of the monitoring front end;
  • the client sends a media stream traversal packet to the monitoring front end according to the received media acquisition response message.
  • the monitoring front end After receiving the media code stream traversal packet of the client, the monitoring front end obtains the public network IP address and port number of the client from the Socket, and saves the file.
  • the step B further includes the following steps:
  • B4 the client sends a start play request to the monitoring front end;
  • a system for implementing a media traversal of a NAT includes: a monitoring front end, a client, a service platform, and a NAT device, where the monitoring front end is used for video data. Encoding, sent to the network; the client, configured to acquire an IP address, an RTSP port number, and a URL of the monitoring front end from the service platform, and establish a TCP connection between the client and the monitoring front end; The platform is configured to register and manage the monitoring front end and the client.
  • the NAT device is configured to support different port mappings of the private network IP address and the public network IP address.
  • the monitoring front end is connected to the camera for capturing video data.
  • the client and the monitoring front end are respectively located on a public network or a private network, and data is sent from the public network to the private network, and the media RTSP signaling or the media code stream traverses the NAT device.
  • the client and the monitoring front end are respectively located in respective private networks, and the media RTSP signaling and the media code stream traverse the NAT device.
  • the invention effectively solves the problem of media traversing NAT under the direct connection between the monitoring front end and the client by extending the field of the RTSP signaling and the configuration of the NAT device.
  • the problem is that the configuration of the monitoring front end and the extended RTSP signaling are simple, and the media signaling and the code stream do not need to be transited through the streaming media server.
  • the system that uses the existing public network and private network to carry the video monitoring can make the user It is more convenient to use and cheaper.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method and system application scenario 1 for implementing a media traversal NAT according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of a method for implementing media traversal NAT by a video surveillance system according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method and a system application scenario 3 for implementing a media traversal of a NAT according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a video surveillance system for implementing media traversal through a NAT according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Method and system media playback flow chart DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • the processing principle of the solution is as follows: Add the port number and IP address to the device, and extend the RTSP signaling field to implement the RTSP signaling traversal from the client to the monitoring front end.
  • the RTSP signaling extension is used to implement media traversal from the monitoring front end to the client side.
  • the monitoring front end and the client directly complete the media traversal through the NAT device, and do not need to transit the media signaling and the code stream through the streaming media server transfer, thereby solving the problem that the media broadcast signaling cannot traverse the NAT.
  • the system for implementing media traversal through NAT mainly includes: a monitoring front end, Client, service platform, NAT device, wherein, the monitoring front end, connecting the camera, encoding the video data input by the camera, sending to the network; the client, accepting the media stream, decoding, displaying the image, may be the terminal device, or The client program runs on the computer; the service platform is used to monitor the front end, the registration and management of the client, etc.; NAT device, the NAT device on the client side has no special requirements, and the NAT device on the front-end side needs to support NAT configuration. Different port mappings for private IP addresses and public IP addresses.
  • the main process includes the RTSP signaling interaction process of the client and the monitoring front end, and the media code stream sending process. The specific steps are as follows:
  • the client Before the direct connection, the client obtains the IP address, RTSP port number, and URL of the monitoring front end from the service platform, thereby establishing a TCP connection from the client to the monitoring front end; B. The client sends a video monitoring request message to the monitoring front end ( RTSP DESCRIBE request),
  • the RTSP URL contains information about the monitoring front end.
  • the DESCRIBE extended signaling includes whether the client has the capability of sending a NAT traversal packet to the monitoring front end and the signaling address of the client.
  • the monitoring front end will judge whether to notify the client to send the NAT traversal packet according to whether the address and the source address of the received signaling are the same. If it is the same, send it directly, otherwise it needs to send the NAT traversal packet;
  • the client sends a request to the monitoring front end to obtain a media message (RTSP SETUP request);
  • the monitoring front end returns a media acquisition response message (RTSP SETUP response) to the client, including whether the client is required to send the NAT traversal packet and monitor the public network IP address and port number of the front end after passing through the NAT; adding an extension field in the SETUP response message , including whether the monitoring front end requires the client to send
  • RTSP SETUP response media acquisition response message
  • the client determines, according to the received media acquisition response message (SETUP response message), whether to send a NAT traversal packet to the monitoring front end. If necessary, the client sends a NAT traversal packet to the monitoring front end by using a socket ready to accept the media, and the NAT traversing packet
  • the time interval is agreed by the client and the monitoring front end, and can be determined by the monitoring front end through the interval parameter of the traversing packet in the SETUP response message, or can be determined in other ways;
  • the monitoring front end After receiving the NAT traversal packet of the client, the monitoring front end obtains the public IP address and port number of the client from the Socket and saves it; H. The monitoring front end sends a NAT traversal packet response to the client.
  • the NAT traversal packet response includes a traversal packet number;
  • the client sends a start play request (RTSP PLAY request) to the monitoring front end;
  • the monitoring front end sends a start playback response (RTSP PLAY response) to the client; K.
  • the monitoring front end sends the media code stream to the client. If the client sends the NAT traversal package, the monitoring front end uses the public network IP address and port of the client. The number sends a media stream to the client; otherwise, the monitoring front end sends the media stream to the client using the IP address and port number of the client in the SETUP request; when the playback needs to be stopped, the following process continues: L.
  • the client goes to the monitoring front end Send stop monitoring request (RTSP Teardown request);
  • the monitoring front end sends a stop monitoring response (RTSP Teardown response) to the client; N.
  • the monitoring front end stops sending the media code stream to the client.
  • the method can be applied to the application scenarios shown in FIG. 1, 2, and 3, wherein, as shown in FIG.
  • the monitoring front end 101 is located in the private network 102, the client 106 and the platform 105 are located in the public network 104, and the NAT device 103 is located between the public network and the private network. In this connection mode, the RTSP of the client to the monitoring front end needs to be considered.
  • the client 201 is located in the private network 202, and the monitoring front end 206 and the platform 205 are located in the public network 204.
  • the NAT device 203 exists between the public network and the private network.
  • the monitoring front end is located on the public network, and the client is located in the private network. In this connection mode, the RTSP signaling from the client to the monitoring front end can be directly sent. It is necessary to consider how to monitor the media from the front end to the client to traverse the NAT. As shown in FIG.
  • the monitoring front end 301 is located in the private network 302
  • the client 308 is located in the private network 307
  • the platform 305 is located in the public network 304
  • the NAT device 303 exists between the public network 304 and the private network 302.
  • the monitoring front end and the client are located on different private networks. This is the most complicated and common method. This method needs to consider the RTSP signaling from the client to the monitoring front end. Crossing, and monitoring how the media from the front end to the client crosses. In the application scenario described in FIG. 1 and FIG.
  • the NAT device on the front-end side of the monitoring device may be configured to add a corresponding static NAT configuration to the NAT devices 103 and 303 to implement the traversal of the RTSP signaling from the client to the monitoring front end.
  • the RTSP signaling in 2 is connected to the monitoring front end by the client, and there is no problem of configuring the NAT device to traverse. You do not need to configure a NAT device when the monitoring front-end and the client are on the same private network or on the public network.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention implements the RTSP signaling traversal from the client to the monitoring front end, and then implements the media traversal from the monitoring front end to the client side by extending the RTSP signaling to achieve the monitoring front end and the client through the NAT device.
  • the media traversal is directly completed, and the media signaling and the code stream are forwarded through the streaming server.
  • the monitoring front end starts running, that is, the monitoring front end registers with the platform responsible for its business, and carries the local IP address and the RTSP port number when registering, the platform records the external network IP address of the monitoring front end and the RTSP port number;
  • the client needs to play When the code stream is connected to the platform, the IP address, the port number, and the URL are obtained; the client establishes a TCP connection to the monitoring front end according to the information, and enters the RTSP signaling interaction and playback process, where: ⁇ corresponds to 403 in FIG. 4;
  • the client sends a video monitoring request message 404 to the monitoring front end, that is, an RTSP DESCRIBE request.
  • the URL of the RTSP includes the number of the monitoring front end 402 and the requested image size information, and the DESCRIBE extended signaling includes the client.
  • the terminal 402 has a field for transmitting the NAT traversal packet capability to the monitoring front end 401, and also includes the address of the signaling of the client 402, that is, the IP address of the public network; an example of the video monitoring request message 404 is as follows:
  • the parameter x-NAT indicates that the client notifies the monitoring front-end client that there is NAT traversal capability, and the signaling address of the client is: 192.168.1.17:554
  • the monitoring front end determines whether to notify the client to send the NAT traversal packet according to whether the address and the source address of the received signaling are the same;
  • the monitoring front end 401 returns a media description information message 405 to the client 402, that is, an RTSP DESCRIBE response message;
  • the client 402 sends a request to the monitoring front end 401 to obtain a media message 406, that is, an RTSP SETUP request message;
  • the monitoring front end 401 sends a media acquisition response message 407 to the client 402, that is, the RTSP SETUP response message, and the response message is extended.
  • the extension field includes whether the monitoring front end requires the client to send the NAT traversal packet, the time interval for sending, Monitor the media port of the front end and the destination address and port number of the NAT traversal packet sent by the client. Examples of media acquisition response messages 407 messages are as follows:
  • the media acquisition response message 407 carries information about whether the monitoring front end 401 requires the client 402 to send a NAT traversal packet. If necessary, the client 402 creates a Socket ready to accept the media sent from the monitoring front end 401, and uses the Socket.
  • the NAT traversal packet 408 is sent to the monitoring front end; wherein the NAT traversal packet includes the RTCP session number, the number of the monitoring front end, the media type, and the number of the traversal packet.
  • the time interval of the NAT traversal packet is monitored by the monitoring front end 401 as a traversal in the SETUP response message. Interval of the package;
  • the monitoring front end 401 After receiving the NAT traversal packet of the client, the monitoring front end 401 obtains the public network IP address and port number of the client 402 from the Socket and saves it; the monitoring front end 401 sends the client 401 to the client 402.
  • NAT Traversal Packet Response Message 409 contains the Traversal Packet Number.
  • the client 402 sends a start play request message 410 (RTSP PLAY request) to the monitoring front end 401;
  • the monitoring front end 401 sends a start play response 411 (RTSP PLAY response) to the client 402. At this time, the RTSP link has been established, and the monitoring front end 401 sends the media code stream 412 to the client 402. If the client 402 sends the NAT traversal package 408.
  • the monitoring front end 401 sends the media code stream to the client by using the public IP address and the port number of the client; otherwise, the monitoring front end 401 sends the media code stream to the client by using the IP address and the port number of the client 402 in the SETUP request; Sl l, when the code stream needs to be stopped, the client 402 sends a stop monitoring request message 413 (RTSP Teardown request) to the monitoring front end 401;
  • the monitoring front end 401 sends a stop monitoring response message 414 (RTSP Teardown response) to the client 402. S13.
  • the monitoring front end 401 stops sending the media code stream to the client 402.
  • the process corresponds to the process 415 in FIG.
  • a computer readable medium having stored thereon computer executable instructions for causing a computer or processor to perform, for example, when executed by a computer or processor
  • the processing of steps S1 to S17 shown in Fig. 4, preferably, one or more of the above embodiments may be performed.
  • the present invention effectively solves the problem that the media does not need to be transited in the video surveillance system by extending the fields of the RTSP signaling and the configuration of the NAT device, and the media directly traverses the NAT device.
  • the implementation of the present invention does not modify the system architecture and the current processing flow, is easy to implement, facilitates promotion in the technical field, and has strong industrial applicability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Description

视频监控系统实现媒体穿越网络地址翻译的方法和系统 技术领域 本发明涉及网络媒体发送技术,具体涉及一种视频监控系统实现媒体穿 越网络地址翻译 ( Network Address Translation, 筒称为 NAT )的方法和系统。 背景技术 现有技术中, 网络监控系统通过内部互联网 (Intranet ) 和国际互联网 ( Internet ) 实现媒体的传输从而进行远程的视频监控。 用户无论身在何处, 都可利用电脑或者电视登陆互联网接通远端的监控系统并实现实时图像和声 音传输。 视频监控具有直观、 方便、 信息内容丰富等特点, 目前已广泛应用 于许多场合, 例如公安局, 银行, 学校, 医院, 公路等。 近年来, 随着计算 机、 网络以及图像处理、 传输技术的飞速发展, 视频监控技术也取得了长足 的发展。
Internet的迅速发展以及 IPv4 地址数量的限制使得 NAT设备得到了广 泛应用。 NAT设备允许处于同一 NAT下的多台主机共享一个公网(处于同一 NAT下的网络称为私网, 处于 NAT之上的网络称为公网) IP地址。一个私网 IP地址通过 NAT设备与公网的其他主机通信。由私网内主机主动发起连接 , 数据包经过 NAT地址转换后发送至公网上的服务器,连接建立以后可双向传 送数据, NAT设备允许私网内主机主动向公网内主机发送数据,但却禁止反方 向的主动传递, 在视频监控系统中, 需要对不同私网内的主机进行互联, 因 此, 穿越 NAT的问题必须解决。 现有技术中, 相关的专利文献包括: 专利申请号为 200710195416.3 和 200610021989的中国专利申请, 公开了流媒体穿越 NAT的方法, 但需要利 用媒体分发服务器进行媒体转发; 随着网络的发展, 许多建筑物已经具备局 域网和广域网 , 如何利用现有的公网和私网承载视频监控系统实现媒体数据 穿越公网和私网成为需要解决的问题。 发明内容 针对现有技术存在的无法利用现有系统实现媒体数据穿越 NAT的问题 而提出本发明, 为此, 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种视频监控系统实现媒 体穿越 NAT的方法及系统 , 通过在 NAT设备上增加相关配置 , 同时扩展实 时流媒体十办议 ( Real Time Streaming Protocol, 筒称为 RTSP ) 信令字段, 媒 体不需要经过中转, 通过直连方式就能够实现媒体信令和媒体的穿越。 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种方法, 其中, 监控前端和客户端通 过 NAT设备直接完成媒体 RTSP信令和媒体码流的穿越。 根据本发明的视频监控系统实现媒体穿越 NAT的方法包括如下步骤:
A、 建立所述客户端到所述监控前端的 TCP连接, 进入 RTSP信令交互 及播放流程, 所述监控前端根据信令地址通知所述客户端是否发送 RTSP信 令穿越包,是,所述客户端经过公网 IP地址和端口号发送 RTSP信令穿越包, 否则直接发送 RTSP信令;
B、 所述客户端根据收到的媒体获取响应消息 , 通过对 RTSP信令扩展 实现所述监控前端到所述客户端侧的媒体穿越。 优选地, 上述方法还包括如下步骤: C、 监控前端停止向客户端发送媒 体码流, 播放停止。 优选地, 所述步骤 A具体包括如下步骤:
A 1、 在直连播放前, 所述客户端从业务平台获取所述监控前端的 IP地 址, RTSP端口号, URL, 从而建立所述 TCP连接;
A2、 所述客户端向所述监控前端发送视频监控请求消息, 所述客户端 判断是否具有向所述监控前端发送 NAT 穿越包的能力和所述客户端的信令 地址;
A3、 所述监控前端才艮据所述客户端的信令地址和收到的信令源地址是 否相同判断是否通知所述客户端发送 RTSP信令穿越包。 ύ选地, 所述步骤 Α和步骤 B之间进一步包括如下步骤:
S1、 监控前端向客户端发送媒体描述信息消息; S2、 客户端向监控前端发送请求获取媒体消息。 优选地, 所述步骤 B具体包括如下步骤: B 1、 所述监控前端向所述客户端返回媒体获取响应消息, 所述响应消 息包括是否要求所述客户端发送媒体码流穿越包和所述监控前端的公网 IP 地址和端口号;
B2、 所述客户端根据收到的所述媒体获取响应消息 , 向所述监控前端 发送媒体码流穿越包;
B3、 所述监控前端收到所述客户端的媒体码流穿越包后, 从 Socket中 获取所述客户端的公网 IP地址和端口号 , 并保存。 优选地, 所述步骤 B 还包括如下步骤:
B4、 所述客户端向所述监控前端发送开始播放请求; B5、 所述监控前端向所述客户端发送开始播放响应;
B6、 所述监控前端向所述客户端发送媒体码流。 根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种视频监控系统实现媒体穿越 NAT 的系统, 该系统包括: 监控前端, 客户端, 业务平台, NAT设备, 其中, 所述监控前端, 用于将视频数据编码, 发送至网络; 所述客户端, 用于从所述业务平台获取所述监控前端的 IP地址 , RTSP 端口号, URL, 建立所述客户端到所述监控前端的 TCP连接; 所述业务平台 , 用于所述监控前端和客户端的注册和管理; 所述 NAT设备 , 用于支持私网 IP地址和公网 IP地址的不同端口映射。 优选地, 所述监控前端与摄像头连接, 用于摄取视频数据。 优选地, 所述客户端和监控前端分别位于公网或私网, 从所述公网发送 数据给所述私网 , 媒体 RTSP信令或媒体码流穿越所述 NAT设备。 优选地, 所述客户端和所述监控前端分别位于各自的私网, 媒体 RTSP 信令和媒体码流穿越所述 NAT设备。 本发明在视频监控系统中, 通过扩展 RTSP信令的字段, 以及 NAT设 备的配置, 有效的解决了监控前端到客户端之间直连情况下的媒体穿越 NAT 的问题, 监控前端的配置以及扩展的 RTSP信令筒单实用, 而且媒体信令及 码流都不需要通过流媒体服务器中转 , 利用现有的公网和私网承载视频监控 的系统可以让用户使用更为方便, 成本也更氐廉。 附图说明 此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部 分, 本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明, 并不构成对本发明的 不当限定。 在附图中: 图 1是根据本发明实施例的视频监控系统实现媒体穿越 NAT的方法和 系统应用场景 1的示意图; 图 2是根据本发明实施例的视频监控系统实现媒体穿越 NAT的方法和 系统应用场景 2的示意图; 图 3是根据本发明实施例的视频监控系统实现媒体穿越 NAT的方法和 系统应用场景 3的示意图; 图 4是根据本发明实施例的视频监控系统实现媒体穿越 NAT的方法和 系统中媒体播放流程图。 具体实施方式 功能相克述 考虑到现有技术中存在的问题,本发明实施例提供了一种改进的视频监 控系统实现媒体穿越 NAT的方案, 该方案的处理原则为: 通过在监控前端侧 的 NAT设备上增加配置端口号和 IP地址 , 同时扩展 RTSP信令字段, 实现 客户端到监控前端的 RTSP信令穿越, 然后通过对 RTSP信令扩展来实现监 控前端到客户端侧的媒体穿越,以达到监控前端和客户端通过 NAT设备直接 完成媒体穿越, 而不需要通过流媒体服务器中转来完成媒体信令及码流的转 发, 解决了媒体播放信令无法穿越 NAT的问题。 为使本发明的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚、 明确, 以下参照附图并 举实施例对本发明进一步详细说明。 本发明实施例提供的实现媒体穿越 NAT的系统主要包括, 监控前端 , 客户端, 业务平台, NAT设备, 其中, 监控前端, 连接摄像头, 对摄像头输 入的视频数据编码, 发送至网络; 客户端, 接受媒体码流, 解码, 显示图像, 可以为终端设备, 也可以为运行在电脑上的客户端程序; 业务平台, 用于监 控前端, 客户端的注册以及管理等; NAT设备, 客户端侧的 NAT设备无特 殊的要求, 监控前端侧的 NAT设备需要支持 NAT配置, 用于支持私网 IP地 址和公网 IP 地址的不同端口映射。 其主要流程包括客户端和监控前端的 RTSP信令交互流程以及媒体码流发送流程, 具体步骤为:
A、 在直连播放前, 客户端从业务平台获取监控前端的 IP地址、 RTSP 端口号、 URL, 从而建立客户端到监控前端的 TCP连接; B、客户端向监控前端发送视频监控请求消息( RTSP DESCRIBE请求),
RTSP的 URL中包含监控前端的相关信息。 DESCRIBE扩展信令中 , 包括客 户端是否具有向监控前端发送 NAT穿越包的能力、客户端的信令地址。监控 前端会才艮据这个地址和收到的信令的源地址是否一样来判断是否通知客户端 发送 NAT穿越包, 如果一样, 直接发送, 否则需要发送 NAT穿越包; C、监控前端向客户端发送媒体描述信息消息( RTSP DESCRIBE响应);
D、 客户端向监控前端发送请求获取媒体消息 ( RTSP SETUP请求);
E、 监控前端向客户端返回媒体获取响应消息(RTSP SETUP响应), 其 中包括是否要求客户端发送 NAT穿越包以及监控前端经过 NAT后的公网 IP 地址和端口号; SETUP 响应消息中增加扩展字段, 包括监控前端是否要求客户端发送
NAT穿越包, 发送的时间间隔, 监控前端的媒体端口, 客户端发送 NAT穿 越包的目的地址和端口号;
F、 客户端根据收到的媒体获取响应消息( SETUP响应消息)判断是否 需要向监控前端发送 NAT 穿越包, 如果需要则客户端使用准备接受媒体的 Socket向监控前端发送 NAT穿越包, NAT穿越包的时间间隔由客户端和监 控前端约定,可以由监控前端通过 展参数—— SETUP响应消息中的穿越包 的间隔时间制定 , 也可采用其他方式制定;
G、 监控前端收到客户端的 NAT穿越包后, 从 Socket中获取客户端的 公网 IP地址和端口号, 并保存; H、 监控前端向客户端发送 NAT穿越包响应。 NAT穿越包响应中包含 穿越包编号;
I、 客户端向监控前端发送开始播放请求 ( RTSP PLAY请求);
J、 监控前端向客户端发送开始播放响应 ( RTSP PLAY响应); K、 监控前端向客户端发送媒体码流, 如果客户端发送了 NAT穿越包, 则监控前端使用客户端的公网 IP 地址和端口号向客户端发送媒体码流; 否 则 , 监控前端使用 SETUP请求中的客户端的 IP地址和端口号向客户端发送 媒体码流; 需要停止播放时, 继续以下的流程: L、 客户端向监控前端发送停止监控请求 ( RTSP Teardown请求);
M、 监控前端向客户端发送停止监控响应 ( RTSP Teardown响应); N、 监控前端停止向客户端发送媒体码流。 根据上面所描述的客户端和监控前端的 RTSP信令交互流程以及媒体码 ¾¾发送¾¾程, 该方法可应用于如图 1 , 2, 3所示的应用场景中, 其中, 如图 1所示, 监控前端 101位于私网 102中, 客户端 106以及平台 105位于公网 104中, 公网和私网之间有 NAT设备 103 , 在这种连接方式中, 需要考虑客 户端到监控前端的 RTSP信令如何穿越 NAT的问题, 而监控前端到客户端的 媒体码流则可以直接发送 , 无需考虑穿越问题。 如图 2所示, 客户端 201位于私网 202中, 监控前端 206和位于平台 205位于公网 204中, 公网和私网之间存在 NAT设备 203 , 监控前端位于公 网 , 客户端位于私网 , 在这种连接方式中 , 客户端到监控前端的 RTSP信令 可以直接发送, 需要考虑监控前端到客户端的媒体如何穿越 NAT的问题。 如图 3所示, 监控前端 301位于私网 302中, 客户端 308位于私网 307 中,平台 305位于公网 304中,公网 304与私网 302之间存在 NAT设备 303 , 公网 304与私网 307之间存在另一个 NAT设备 306; 监控前端和客户端位于 不同的私网, 这是最复杂也是比较常用的一种方式, 这种方式需要考虑客户 端到监控前端的 RTSP信令如何穿越, 以及监控前端到客户端的媒体如何穿 越的问题。 在图 1和图 3描述的应用场景中, 可以在监控前端侧的 NAT设备, 分 别为 NAT设备 103和 303上增加相应的静态 NAT配置以实现客户端到监控 前端的 RTSP信令的穿越, 图 2中的 RTSP信令由客户端连至监控前端, 不 存在配置 NAT 设备穿越的问题。 监控前端和客户端处于同一私网或者同时 处于公网中时不需要配置 NAT设备。 所以, 本发明实施例提供的方法实现客户端到监控前端的 RTSP信令穿 越, 然后通过对 RTSP信令扩展来实现监控前端到客户端侧的媒体穿越, 以 达到监控前端和客户端通过 NAT设备直接完成媒体穿越,而不需要通过流媒 体服务器中转来完成媒体信令及码流的转发的目的。 下面以图 4为例详细说明本发明实施例的媒体播放流程,其中监控前端
401 和客户端 402的信令交互的具体步骤如下:
Sl、 监控前端开始运行, 即, 监控前端向负责其业务的平台注册, 注册 时携带本地 IP地址和 RTSP端口号, 平台记录监控前端的外网 IP地址以及 RTSP端口号; S2、客户端需要播放码流时,连接平台,得到 IP地址,端口号以及 URL; 客户端才艮据这些信息向监控前端建立 TCP连接, 进入 RTSP信令交互及播放 流程, 其:^程对应图 4中的 403;
S3、 连接建立后, 客户端向监控前端发送视频监控请求消息 404 , 也就 是 RTSP DESCRIBE请求, RTSP的 URL中包含了监控前端 402的编号以及 请求的图像大小信息 , DESCRIBE扩展信令中包含了客户端 402是否具有向 监控前端 401发送 NAT穿越包能力的字段,同时还包含了客户端 402的信令 的地址 , 也就是公网的 IP地址; 视频监控请求消息 404的示例如下:
DESCRIBE
rtsp://172.16.100.190:554/000055010500000501.sdp?StreamID=l RTSP/ 1.0 CSeq: 1
Accept: application/sdp
Authorization: Basic Range: npt=now-
Content-length: 0
User- Agent: ZTE MOC x-SpeedupPlay: yes x-NAT: 192.168.1.17:554 参数 x-NAT表示客户端通知监控前端客户端有 NAT穿越能力 , 并且客 户端的信令地址是: 192.168.1.17:554; 监控前端才艮据这个地址和收到信令的 源地址是否一样来判断是否通知客户端发送 NAT穿越包;
54、 监控前端 401向客户端 402返回媒体描述信息消息 405 , 即, RTSP DESCRIBE响应消息;
55、 客户端 402向监控前端 401发送请求获取媒体消息 406, 即, RTSP SETUP请求消息;
56、 监控前端 401向客户端 402发送媒体获取响应消息 407, 即, RTSP SETUP响应消息 , 响应消息中做了扩展 , 扩展字段中包括监控前端是否要求 客户端发送 NAT穿越包、 发送的时间间隔、 监控前端的媒体端口 、 客户端发 送 NAT穿越包的目的地址和端口号。 媒体获取响应消息 407消息的示例如下:
RTSP/ 1.0 200 OK
Server: ZXV10 PUSS/1.0 Cseq: 2
Cache-Control: cache-control
Session: 1445520826657905223;timeout=51 x-Dynamic-Rate: 0 x-KeepAlivelnterval: 30000 Transport: RTP/AVP/UDP; unicast ; de stination= 172.16.100.190;
client_port=6000-6001; server_port=6970-6971; mode=PLAY;ssrc=00000001 x-KeepAlivelnterval: 30000表示监控前端 401要求客户端 402发送 NAT 穿越包, 且发送的时间间隔为 30秒; 通过 Transport参数 监控前端 401的 媒体端口带给客户端 402, 其中, destination表示客户端 402发送 NAT穿越 包的目的地址 , server_port为端口号;
57、媒体获取响应消息 407中携带有监控前端 401是否要求客户端 402 发送 NAT穿越包的信息, 如果需要, 则客户端 402创建准备接受从监控前端 401发来的媒体的 Socket,并利用此 Socket向监控前端发送 NAT穿越包 408; 其中 NAT穿越包中包含 RTSP的会话编号、 监控前端的编号、 媒体类型以及 穿越包的编号, NAT穿越包的时间间隔由监控前端 401为 SETUP响应消息 中的穿越包的间隔时间;
58、 监控前端 401收到客户端的 NAT穿越包后, 从 Socket中获取客户 端 402的公网 IP地址和端口号, 并保存; 监控前端 401向客户端 402发送
NAT穿越包响应消息 409 , NAT穿越包响应消息 409中包含穿越包编号。
59、客户端 402向监控前端 401发送开始播放请求消息 410( RTSP PLAY 请求);
S10、 监控前端 401向客户端 402发送开始播放响应 411 ( RTSP PLAY 响应); 此时 RTSP链接已经建立, 监控前端 401 向客户端 402发送媒体码流 412 , 如果客户端 402发送了 NAT穿越包 408, 则监控前端 401使用客户端 的公网 IP地址和端口号向客户端发送媒体码流; 否则, 监控前端 401使用 SETUP请求中的客户端 402的 IP地址和端口号向客户端发送媒体码流; Sl l、 需要停止播放码流时, 客户端 402向监控前端 401发送停止监控 请求消息 413 ( RTSP Teardown请求);
S12、 监控前端 401 向客户端 402发送停止监控响应消息 414 ( RTSP Teardown响应 ); S13、 监控前端 401停止向客户端 402发送媒体码流, 该过程对应图 4 中的¾¾程 415。 才艮据本发明实施例, 还提供了一种计算机可读介质, 该计算机可读介质 上存储有计算机可执行的指令, 当该指令被计算机或处理器执行时, 使得计 算机或处理器执行如图 4所示的步骤 S1至步骤 S17的处理, 优选地, 可以 执行上述实施例中的一个或多个。 综上所述, 本发明通过扩展 RTSP信令的字段, 以及 NAT设备的配置, 有效的解决了在视频监控系统中媒体不需要经过中转的问题, 达到了媒体直 接穿越 NAT设备。 另夕卜,本发明的实现没有对系统架构和目前的处理流程修改,易于实现, 便于在技术领域中进行推广, 具有较强的工业适用性。 应说明的是, 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制, 尽管 参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解, 可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换, 而不脱离本发明技术方案 的 4青神和范围, 其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种视频监控系统实现媒体穿越网络地址翻译 NAT的方法, 其特征在 于, 监控前端和客户端通过 NAT设备直接完成媒体 RTSP信令和媒体 码流的穿越, 包括如下步骤:
A、 建立所述客户端到所述监控前端的 TCP连接, 进入 RTSP信 令交互及播放流程, 所述监控前端根据信令地址通知所述客户端是否 发送 RTSP信令穿越包, 是, 所述客户端经过公网 IP地址和端口号发 送 RTSP信令穿越包, 否则直接发送 RTSP信令;
B、 所述客户端根据收到的媒体获取响应消息, 通过对 RTSP信 令扩展实现所述监控前端到所述客户端侧的媒体穿越。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括如下步骤: C、 监控 前端停止向客户端发送媒体码流, 播放停止。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 A具体包括如下步 骤:
Al、在直连播放前, 所述客户端从业务平台获取所述监控前端的 IP地址, RTSP端口号, URL, 从而建立所述 TCP连接;
A2、 所述客户端向所述监控前端发送视频监控请求消息, 所述客 户端判断是否具有向所述监控前端发送 NAT 穿越包的能力和所述客 户端的信令地址;
A3、所述监控前端才艮据所述客户端的信令地址和收到的信令源地 址是否相同判断是否通知所述客户端发送 RTSP信令穿越包。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 A和步骤 B之间 进一步包括如下步骤:
S1、 监控前端向客户端发送媒体描述信息消息;
S2、 客户端向监控前端发送请求获取媒体消息。
5. 根据权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 B 具体包括如下 步骤:
Bl、 所述监控前端向所述客户端返回媒体获取响应消息, 所述响 应消息包括是否要求所述客户端发送媒体码流穿越包和所述监控前端 的公网 IP地址和端口号;
B2、 所述客户端根据收到的所述媒体获取响应消息 , 向所述监控 前端发送媒体码流穿越包;
B3、 所述监控前端收到所述客户端的媒体码流穿越包后, 从 Socket中获取所述客户端的公网 IP地址和端口号 , 并保存。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 B 还包括如下步 骤:
B4、 所述客户端向所述监控前端发送开始播放请求; B5、 所述监控前端向所述客户端发送开始播放响应; B6、 所述监控前端向所述客户端发送媒体码流。
7. 一种视频监控系统实现媒体穿越 NAT的系统, 其特征在于, 包括: 监 控前端, 客户端, 业务平台, NAT设备, 其中,
所述监控前端, 用于将视频数据编码, 发送至网络; 所述客户端, 用于从所述业务平台获取所述监控前端的 IP地址, RTSP端口号, URL, 建立所述客户端到所述监控前端的 TCP连接; 所述业务平台, 用于所述监控前端和客户端的注册和管理; 所述 NAT设备 ,用于支持私网 IP地址和公网 IP地址的不同端口 映射。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述监控前端与摄像头连 接, 用于摄取视频数据。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述客户端和监控前端分 别位于公网或私网, 从所述公网发送数据给所述私网 , 媒体 RTSP信 令或媒体码流穿越所述 NAT设备。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的系统 , 其特征在于 , 所述客户端和所述监控前 端分别位于各自的私网, 媒体 RTSP信令和媒体码流穿越所述 NAT设 备。
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