WO2010038279A1 - ドリル - Google Patents
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- WO2010038279A1 WO2010038279A1 PCT/JP2008/067773 JP2008067773W WO2010038279A1 WO 2010038279 A1 WO2010038279 A1 WO 2010038279A1 JP 2008067773 W JP2008067773 W JP 2008067773W WO 2010038279 A1 WO2010038279 A1 WO 2010038279A1
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- Prior art keywords
- drill
- range
- cutting edge
- main cutting
- axis
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 28
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010037 TiAlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102220005308 rs33960931 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 TiCN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/02—Twist drills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
- B23B2222/04—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
- B23B2222/14—Cast iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/04—Angles, e.g. cutting angles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/08—Side or plan views of cutting edges
- B23B2251/082—Curved cutting edges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/14—Configuration of the cutting part, i.e. the main cutting edges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/18—Configuration of the drill point
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/20—Number of cutting edges
- B23B2251/202—Three cutting edges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
- B23B2251/406—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves of special form not otherwise provided for
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/89—Tool or Tool with support
- Y10T408/909—Having peripherally spaced cutting edges
- Y10T408/9095—Having peripherally spaced cutting edges with axially extending relief channel
- Y10T408/9097—Spiral channel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drill, and more particularly to a drill capable of high-efficiency machining with high feed.
- a plurality of torsion grooves are provided around the drill axis, and a main cutting edge is formed along the torsion groove at a portion where the torsion groove opens at the tip of the drill.
- a drill which is thinned and provided with a thinning blade so as to be smoothly connected to the main cutting blade is widely known as a rotary cutting tool for drilling.
- the drill described in Patent Document 1 is an example, and a negative angle portion having a negative radial rake angle in a bottom view as viewed from the drill tip side is within a predetermined range from the outer corner at the outer peripheral portion of the main cutting edge. The cutting edge strength in the vicinity of the outer peripheral corner is increased, and the occurrence of defects or the like is suppressed.
- Patent Document 2 describes a three-blade drill provided with three torsion grooves. Japanese Patent No. 4120186 JP 2002-103123 A
- the drill described in Patent Document 1 has two blades with two twist grooves, and the feed amount per rotation exceeds 0.05 D (5% of D) with respect to the drill diameter D, particularly in steel cutting.
- D 5% of D
- the amount of cutting per blade becomes large, and there may be defects due to insufficient cutting edge strength, resulting in poor stability.
- the core thickness is increased to increase the cutting edge strength, the chips that are cut thickly at high feed are not divided with good chip curl in the groove, resulting in reduced chip discharge. Breakage due to chip clogging is likely to occur.
- a negative angle portion as described in Patent Document 1 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the main cutting edge in order to prevent chipping or the like in normal drilling.
- chipping of the outer peripheral corners is induced, and chips are discharged when high-speed cutting or deep hole machining is performed due to the small curvature of the chip curl. Inferior.
- the present invention has been made against the background of the above circumstances, and the object of the invention is a drill capable of high-efficiency machining by high feed so that the feed amount per revolution exceeds 5% of the drill diameter D. It is to provide.
- a plurality of torsion grooves are provided around the drill axis O, and main cutting edges are formed along the torsion grooves at portions where the torsion grooves open at the drill tip.
- the thinning is provided in the vicinity of the drill axis O at the tip of the drill and the thinning blade is provided so as to be smoothly connected to the main cutting edge
- the outer peripheral portion of the main cutting edge has a radial rake angle ⁇ in the bottom view as viewed from the drill tip side of ⁇ 20.
- the negative angle portion in the range of ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0 ° is provided in a range L of 0.1 D or less with respect to the drill diameter D from the outer corner, and (c) the negative angle portion of the main cutting edge.
- the portion closer to the drill axis O side is the bottom surface Characterized in that it forms a smooth concave recessed circular shape toward the side opposite the drill rotation direction at.
- the ratio of the land width angle ⁇ 1 around the drill axis O and the groove width angle ⁇ 2 of the torsion groove (land / groove ratio) ⁇ 1 : ⁇ 2 is 35: It is in the range of 65 to 65:35. Le.
- the third invention is characterized in that, in the drill of the first invention or the second invention, the core thickness W at the tip of the drill is in the range of 0.25D to 0.45D with respect to the drill diameter D.
- an axial rake angle of the thinning blade is within a range of ⁇ 5 ° to 0 ° at a portion closest to the drill axis O.
- the connecting portion with the main cutting edge is smoothly and continuously increased from the drill axis O side toward the connecting portion side so as to be within a range of 0 ° to + 15 °. .
- a plurality of torsion grooves are provided around the drill axis O, and a main cutting edge is formed along each torsion groove at a portion where the torsion grooves open to the drill tip.
- a thinning is provided in the vicinity of the drill axis O of the drill, and a thinning blade is provided so as to be smoothly connected to the main cutting edge
- three or more twisted grooves are provided, While three or more cutting edges are provided
- the outer peripheral portion of the main cutting edge has a rake angle ⁇ in the radial direction as viewed from the bottom of the drill in the range of ⁇ 20 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0 °.
- the inner negative angle portion is provided in a range L of 0.1 D or less with respect to the drill diameter D from the outer peripheral corner, and (c) the drill angle center O side from the negative angle portion of the main cutting edge.
- the part is the side opposite to the drill rotation direction in the bottom view And forms a smooth concave recessed circular shape, (d) the ratio of the land width angle theta 1 of the drill axis O around the groove width angle theta 2 of the helical flute (land groove ratio) ⁇ 1: ⁇ 2 is in the range of 35:65 to 65:35, (e) the core thickness W at the drill tip is in the range of 0.25D to 0.45D with respect to the drill diameter D, and (f) the axis of the thinning blade
- the direction rake angle is within the range of -5 ° to 0 ° at the portion closest to the drill axis O, but the drill is so as to be within the range of 0 ° to + 15 ° at the connection with the main cutting edge. It
- the steel in the drill according to any one of the first to fifth inventions, can be processed at a high feed rate in which the feed amount per rotation exceeds 5% of the drill diameter D, and an aluminum alloy.
- the steel is characterized in that high-feed machining with a feed amount per rotation exceeding 30% of the drill diameter D is possible.
- the core thickness W can be increased and rigidity can be increased while ensuring a predetermined chip discharge performance, and centripetality is high. Core blurring is suppressed, and the machining hole diameter expansion margin is reduced to improve machining hole accuracy, while the outer peripheral portion of the main cutting edge is provided with a negative angle portion where the radial rake angle ⁇ is negative. Therefore, the strength of the cutting edge in the vicinity of the outer corner is enhanced, and due to these synergistic effects, for example, as in the sixth invention, the feed rate per rotation is 5% of the drill diameter D for steel, compared to the aluminum alloy. Even when drilling is performed at a high feed rate exceeding 30% of the drill diameter D, chipping or chipping in the vicinity of the outer periphery corner is suppressed, and high-efficiency machining by high feed rate can be performed.
- the radial rake angle ⁇ of the negative angle portion is within a range of ⁇ 20 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0 °, and the range L of the negative angle portion is 0.1 D or less with respect to the drill diameter D from the outer corner. Therefore, an increase in cutting resistance and thrust resistance due to negative angles, or a decrease in sharpness is suppressed to a necessary minimum, and high-efficiency machining with high feed as a whole becomes possible.
- the portion closer to the drill axis O than the negative angle portion has a concave arc shape that is smoothly dented in the direction opposite to the drill rotation direction. The waste discharging performance is improved, and the cutting edge length is longer than that of the straight cutting edge and the cutting load is dispersed. This is also advantageous for high-efficiency machining with high feed.
- the chip discharge performance and the rigidity and cutting edge strength of the tool are improved in a balanced manner while suppressing an increase in cutting resistance and thrust resistance as a whole, and high-efficiency machining with high feed can be performed.
- it can be suitably used for drilling various workpieces, from cast iron and general steel that require relatively high rigidity to aluminum alloys with poor chip evacuation.
- the land / groove ratio ⁇ 1 : ⁇ 2 is in the range of 35:65 to 65:35, it is possible to ensure a good balance between the chip discharge performance and the rigidity and cutting edge strength of the tool. Therefore, it is advantageous for high-efficiency machining with high feed.
- the core thickness W at the drill tip is within the range of 0.25D to 0.45D with respect to the drill diameter D, the chip discharge performance and the rigidity and cutting edge strength of the tool are ensured in a well-balanced manner. This is advantageous for high-efficiency machining with high feed.
- the rake angle in the axial direction of the thinning blade is within the range of ⁇ 5 ° to 0 ° at the portion closest to the drill axis O, but is 0 ° to + 15 ° at the connection portion with the main cutting edge. Since it increases smoothly and continuously as it goes from the drill axis O side to the connecting part side so as to be within the range, a predetermined cutting edge strength is ensured while suppressing an increase in cutting resistance and thrust resistance. It is possible to suppress the breakage of the connecting portion between the thinning blade and the main cutting edge, and it is advantageous for high-efficiency machining with high feed.
- the fifth invention has all the requirements of the first invention to the fourth invention, the same effects as the first invention to the fourth invention are obtained, and the feed amount per rotation is the drill diameter D. High-efficiency machining with high feed exceeding 5% is possible.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the drill axis O of the embodiment of FIG. 1 and showing a land width angle ⁇ 1 and a groove width angle ⁇ 2 . It is a figure explaining the result of having prepared two types of 3 blade drills with different negative angle ranges L, and a general 2 blade drill, drilling on predetermined test conditions, and investigating thrust resistance. .
- Drill 12 Twist groove 14: Main cutting edge 16: Thinning 18: Thinning blade 20: Negative angle portion O: Drill axis D: Drill diameter ⁇ : Radial rake angle L: Negative angle range ⁇ 1 : Land width angle ⁇ 2 : Groove width angle
- the present invention is preferably applied to a three-blade drill, but can also be applied to a four-blade or more drill.
- the twist groove is twisted in the same direction as the drill rotation direction when viewed from the shank side, and is provided so as to discharge chips to the shank side.
- the twist angle is appropriately set within a range of about 10 ° to 50 °, for example.
- various tool materials such as cemented carbide and high-speed tool steel can be used, and a hard coating such as TiAlN, TiCN, TiN, and diamond is coated as necessary. It is also possible to provide a fluid supply hole (oil hole) passing through in the axial direction and opening in the flank at the tip.
- the drill according to the present invention is particularly effective when the feed amount per rotation is 5% of the drill diameter D, and even when it is used at a high feed rate exceeding 10%, the feed amount per rotation is the drill diameter. It is also possible to use it for a normal drilling process of less than 5% of D. It is also suitable for drilling various types of work materials such as drilling for cast iron and general steel that require relatively high rigidity, and drilling for aluminum alloys that have relatively poor chip evacuation.
- the inventive drill is preferably used.
- the rake angle ⁇ in the radial direction in the bottom view is ⁇ ⁇ 20 °
- the cutting resistance and thrust resistance are increased and the sharpness is deteriorated.
- the rake angle ⁇ in the radial direction is in the range of ⁇ 20 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0 °. If the negative angle range L exceeds 0.1D, the cutting resistance and thrust resistance increase and the sharpness deteriorates, so L ⁇ 0.1D.
- the rake angle ⁇ in the radial direction is substantially constant, for example, in the negative angle range L, and the main cutting edge may be substantially linear in a bottom view, but the radial direction as it goes from the outer corner to the inner side (tip side)
- the main cutting edge may have a shape curved convexly toward the drill rotation direction so that the rake angle ⁇ gradually increases (negative ⁇ 0 °).
- the negative angle range L is a linear distance in the direction from the outer corner to the drill axis O.
- the main cutting edge has a concave arc shape that is smoothly recessed toward the opposite side of the drill rotation direction in the bottom view in the portion closer to the drill axis O than the negative angle portion.
- the radius of the concave arc shape is, for example, The range of about 0.19D to 1.1D is appropriate. Note that the arc does not necessarily have a constant radius, and the curvature may continuously change.
- the concave arcuate portion has a positive radial rake angle ⁇ in the outer peripheral portion connected to the negative angle portion, but gradually decreases toward the drill axis O side (positive ⁇ 0 °),
- the inner peripheral portion connected to the thinning blade is formed to be negative.
- the land / groove ratio ⁇ 1 : ⁇ 2 when the ratio of the groove width angle ⁇ 2 becomes larger than 35:65, the land width angle ⁇ 1 becomes smaller and the rigidity and cutting edge strength of the tool are impaired. If the ratio of the groove width angle ⁇ 2 becomes smaller than that, the chip discharging performance is impaired, so that the range of 35:65 to 65:35 is desirable.
- the torsion grooves are provided, for example, at equiangular intervals around the drill axis O, but can also be provided at unequal intervals. Even in this case, all the land / groove ratios ⁇ 1 : ⁇ 2 are 35: 65 ⁇ It is desirable to be within the range of 65:35.
- the core thickness W at the drill tip is smaller than 0.25D, the rigidity of the tool and the strength of the cutting edge are impaired.
- the core thickness W is larger than 0.45D, the chip discharging performance is impaired, and therefore 0.25D to 0.45D.
- the range of is desirable.
- the core thickness W may be constant over the entire length of the drill main body provided with the torsion groove, but it is also possible to provide a back taper that decreases from the drill tip toward the shank side.
- the cutting resistance and the thrust resistance increase, whereas when it exceeds 0 °, that is, positive. In this case, the strength of the blade edge is impaired, so the range of ⁇ 5 ° to 0 ° is desirable.
- the connecting portion with the main cutting edge when it is smaller than 0 °, that is, when it becomes negative, the cutting resistance increases, but when it exceeds + 15 °, the strength of the blade edge is impaired, so that the range of 0 ° to + 15 ° is present. desirable.
- FIG. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a drill 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1A is a front view of a tip portion viewed from a direction perpendicular to the axis O
- FIG. FIG. The drill 10 is made of a cemented carbide, and three spiral grooves 12 are formed in a spiral shape around the drill axis O at equiangular intervals. This is a three-blade drill provided with a main cutting edge 14.
- the torsion groove 12 has a predetermined twist angle within a range of about 10 ° to 50 ° in the same direction as the drill rotation direction (clockwise direction in this embodiment) when viewed from the shank side, that is, from the upper side of FIG. It is twisted at (for example, about 30 °), and chips are discharged to the shank side.
- the drill body provided with the twisted groove 12 is coated with a hard coating such as TiAlN as necessary. It is also possible to provide a fluid supply hole (oil hole) that extends in the axial direction from the rear end of the shank and opens to the flank at the front end.
- a thinning 16 is applied corresponding to the three main cutting edges 14, and a thinning blade 18 is provided so as to be smoothly connected to the main cutting edges 14.
- the axial rake angle of the thinning blade 18 is in the range of ⁇ 5 ° to 0 ° at the portion closest to the drill axis O, but in the range of 0 ° to + 15 ° at the connection with the main cutting edge 14. As shown in the graph, the distance increases smoothly and continuously (from negative to positive) as it goes from the drill axis O side toward the connecting portion side.
- the outer peripheral portion of the main cutting edge 14 is provided with a negative angle portion 20 in which the radial rake angle ⁇ is negative in a bottom view as viewed from the drill tip side, that is, in the state shown in FIG.
- the negative angle portion 20 is a portion where the rake angle ⁇ in the radial direction is ⁇ 20 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0 °
- the negative angle range L is a linear distance in the direction from the outer peripheral corner toward the drill axis O to the drill diameter D. On the other hand, it is 0.1 D or less.
- the main cutting edge 14 has a shape that projects smoothly and protrudes in the direction of the drill rotation, that is, in the left-hand direction of the drill axis O in FIG.
- the rake angle ⁇ is the smallest at the outer corner (large toward the negative side), and gradually increases toward the drill axis O side (the drill tip side) (negative ⁇ 0 °).
- the radial rake angle ⁇ shown in (b) in FIG. 1 is the angle of the outermost peripheral corner portion, and the radial rake angle ⁇ of this portion is a predetermined angle within a range of ⁇ 20 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0 °. It is said that.
- the portion closer to the drill axis O than the negative angle portion 20 is the opposite side of the drill rotation direction in the bottom view shown in FIG. 1 (b), that is, the clockwise direction of the drill axis O in FIG. 1 (b). It has a concave arc shape that is smoothly recessed.
- the radius of the concave arc shape is within a range of 0.19D to 1.1D with respect to the drill diameter D, for example, an arc shape having a constant radius of about 0.23D, and the radial rake angle ⁇ is negative.
- the outer peripheral portion connected to the corner portion 20 is positive, but gradually decreases toward the drill axis O and becomes negative, and the inner peripheral portion connected to the thinning blade 18 has a predetermined negative angle. ing.
- the boundary between the negative angle portion 20 forming the convex shape and the concave arc shape is smoothly connected by a small convex arc.
- the core thickness W at the drill tip is in the range of 0.25D to 0.45D with respect to the drill diameter D.
- the core thickness W may be constant over the entire length of the drill main body provided with the torsion groove 12, but in this embodiment, a predetermined back taper is provided that decreases from the drill tip toward the shank.
- FIG. 2 is a cross section perpendicular to the drill axis O of the drill body portion provided with the torsion groove 12, and the land width angle ⁇ 1 around the drill axis O and the groove width angle ⁇ 2 of the torsion groove 12.
- the land / groove ratio ⁇ 1 : ⁇ 2 is in the range of 35:65 to 65:35.
- the core is secured while ensuring a predetermined chip discharging performance as compared with a two-blade drill.
- the thickness W can be increased to increase the rigidity, the centripetality is increased and core blurring is suppressed, the machining hole diameter expansion margin is reduced and the machining hole accuracy is improved.
- the outer peripheral portion is provided with a negative angle portion 20 in which the radial rake angle ⁇ is negative, the cutting edge strength in the vicinity of the outer peripheral corner is increased. Due to these synergistic effects, for example, the feed amount per one rotation is reduced. Even when drilling is performed at a high feed rate of 5% of the drill diameter D for steel and 30% of the drill diameter D for aluminum alloys, chipping or chipping near the outer corner is suppressed and high. High-efficiency machining by feeding Door can be.
- the rake angle ⁇ in the radial direction of the negative angle portion 20 is in the range of ⁇ 20 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0 °, and the range L of the negative angle portion 20 is 0.1 D or less from the outer corner.
- the increase in cutting resistance and thrust resistance due to cutting or the reduction in sharpness is suppressed to the minimum necessary, and high-efficiency machining with high feed as a whole becomes possible.
- the portion closer to the drill axis O than the negative angle portion 20 has a concave arc shape that is smoothly recessed in the direction opposite to the drill rotation direction, the curling of the chips is promoted, and it becomes easy to divide.
- the chip discharge performance is improved, and the cutting edge length is longer than that of the straight cutting edge, so that the cutting load is dispersed. This is also advantageous for high-efficiency machining with high feed.
- the chip discharge performance and the rigidity and cutting edge strength of the tool are improved in a well-balanced manner while suppressing an increase in cutting resistance and thrust resistance as a whole, and high-efficiency machining with high feed can be performed.
- the land / groove ratio ⁇ 1 : ⁇ 2 is in the range of 35:65 to 65:35, the chip discharge performance and the rigidity and cutting edge strength of the tool must be ensured in a balanced manner. This is advantageous for high-efficiency machining with high feed.
- the core thickness W at the drill tip is within the range of 0.25D to 0.45D with respect to the drill diameter D, the chip discharge performance and the rigidity and cutting edge strength of the tool are well balanced. This is advantageous for high-efficiency machining with high feed.
- the rake angle in the axial direction of the thinning blade 18 is in the range of ⁇ 5 ° to 0 ° at the portion closest to the drill axis O, but 0 ° at the connection portion with the main cutting edge 14. Since it increases smoothly and continuously from the drill axis O side toward the connecting part side so that it is within the range of + 15 °, the predetermined cutting edge strength is suppressed while suppressing an increase in cutting resistance and thrust resistance. This is advantageous in that it is possible to prevent the connection portion between the thinning blade 18 and the main cutting edge 14 from being lost, and it is advantageous for high-efficiency machining by high feed.
- the chip discharge performance and the rigidity and cutting edge strength of the tool are improved in a well-balanced manner while suppressing an increase in cutting resistance and thrust resistance.
- high-efficiency drilling can be performed by high feed such that the feed amount exceeds 5% of the drill diameter D, or even 10%.
- high feed since high feed is possible in this way, the number of rotations per hole is reduced, and an improvement in tool life can be expected.
- the chip discharge performance and the rigidity and cutting edge strength of the tool are secured in a well-balanced manner while suppressing an increase in cutting resistance and thrust resistance. It can be suitably used for drilling a variety of work materials, such as an aluminum alloy having poor chip discharge performance.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the result of examining the relationship between the negative angle range L in which the negative angle portion 20 is provided and the thrust resistance.
- the negative angle ranges L 0.1D and 0.15D.
- Two types of three-blade drills and a conventional two-blade drill having a straight main cutting edge without a negative angle portion 20 are prepared, and the test conditions shown in (a) are used. Each thrust resistance was measured by drilling. In three Both web thickness W of the drill blade 0.3D, land groove ratio theta 1: a theta 2 is 40:60, land groove ratio of a typical two-edge drill theta 1: theta 2 is 50:50.
- the rake angle ⁇ in the radial direction at the outer peripheral corner of the three-blade drill having the negative angle portion 20 is ⁇ 10 °.
- the 1D 3-flute drill has a lower thrust resistance than the conventional general 2-flute drill, and it is desirable that the thrust resistance be smaller in order to enable high feed, so the negative angle range L is 0. .1D or less.
- Fig. 4 shows four types of three-flute drills with radial rake angles ⁇ of + 5 °, -5 °, -15 °, and -25 ° at the outer corner. It is a figure explaining the result of having performed dawn processing, measuring thrust resistance, observing the cutting situation, and performing quality judgment comprehensively.
- the thrust resistance is small, but the main cutting edge 14 is easily broken and is NG.
- the thrust resistance is Is NG because of its large size and poor sharpness.
- the rake angle ⁇ in the radial direction is suitably in the range of ⁇ 20 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0 °, particularly preferably in the range of ⁇ 15 ° to ⁇ 5 °.
- FIG. 5 shows five types of three-blade drills having a core thickness W of 0.15D, 0.25D, 0.35D, 0.45D, and 0.55D, and the test conditions shown in FIG. This is a case where 10 holes are drilled, and if the machining is possible “ ⁇ ”, the feed amount per rotation is increased stepwise.
- ⁇ 1 : ⁇ 2 70: 30, the feed amount was 0.48 mm / rev, and machining became impossible due to chip clogging and abnormal noise.
- land / groove ratio ⁇ 1 : ⁇ 2 40: 60, 50:50, 60:40, it is possible to perform drilling satisfactorily even if the feed amount is 1.20 mm / rev.
- a suitable groove ratio ⁇ 1 : ⁇ 2 is in the range of 35:65 to 65:35.
- FIG. 7 shows the axial rake angle (the vertical column of (b) (c)) at the end of the thinning blade 18 on the axial center side, that is, the drill axis O side, and the connection with the outer peripheral side, that is, the main cutting edge 14.
- Multiple fluted drills with different axial rake angles horizontal columns in (b) and (c)), with the axial rake angle changing smoothly and continuously between them
- the cutting resistance ratio of the heel is determined based on the cutting resistance of the drill whose axial rake angle on the axis side is -5 ° and the axial rake angle on the outer peripheral side is -5 ° (1.00). This is a comparison of cutting resistance.
- the strength of the blade edge is the result of investigating the presence or absence of chipping (“ ⁇ ” indicates no chipping).
- the axial rake angle is appropriate in the range of -5 ° to 0 ° in terms of cutting edge strength, and the axial rake angle on the outer peripheral side is appropriate in the range of 0 ° to + 15 ° in terms of cutting resistance. It is desirable that the rake angle in the axial direction changes smoothly and continuously.
- Fig. 8 shows (a) the present invention product shown in ⁇ and two types of comparative products 1 and 2, and drilled under the test conditions shown in (b) ⁇ to examine the durability and wear amount of the outer corner. It is a figure which shows the result.
- (a) “0 ° ⁇ + 10 °” in the “Thinning blade axial rake angle” column of indicates that the axial rake angle on the axial side is 0 ° and the axial rake angle on the outer peripheral side is + 10 °. This means that the axial rake angle increases smoothly and continuously.
- the product of the present invention has a smaller amount of wear at the outer corner than the two-blade comparative products 1 and 2, It can be seen that excellent durability can be obtained.
- Fig. 9 shows three types of three-blade test products No1 to No3 with different core thickness W and land-groove ratio ⁇ 1 : ⁇ 2 as shown in (a). Under the test conditions shown in (b) This is a case where 10 holes each are drilled and the feed amount is increased stepwise if processing is possible.
- the test article No1 also satisfies the requirements of claims 2 and 3.
- (C) is a diagram showing the limit value of the feed amount
- (d) is a diagram showing the feed amount per rotation converted to the ratio to the drill diameter D and the feed amount per minute.
- High-efficiency machining with a high feed of 6% (0.06D) or more of the drill diameter D is possible.
- the core thickness W satisfies the requirement of claim 3 (0.25D ⁇ W ⁇ 0.45D) and the land / groove ratio ⁇ 1 : ⁇ 2 satisfies the requirement of claim 2 (35:65 to 65:35).
- the specimen No. 1 satisfying (1) was capable of high feed of 16% of the drill diameter D.
- FIG. 10 uses the same three types of three-blade test products No1 to No3 as shown in FIG. 9 (a).
- the drill diameter is 6.8 mm and the machining hole depth is as shown in FIG. This is the case where 32 mm through holes are processed differently, and 10 holes are drilled each in the same way as in FIG. 9 and the feed amount is increased stepwise if processing is possible.
- (C), and (d) correspond to (c) and (d) ⁇ in FIG. 9, respectively.
- any of the test products No. 1 to No. 3 can perform high-efficiency machining with a high feed of 6% (0.06D) or more of the drill diameter D.
- the test product No. 1 has a high feed of 27% of the drill diameter D. Was possible.
- Drilling is performed on “S50C (carbon steel for machine structural use)” (JIS standard) using the three-blade invention product and the two-blade conventional drill.
- S50C carbon steel for machine structural use
- JIS standard JIS standard
- the outer peripheral portion of the main cutting edge is provided with a negative angle portion in which the radial rake angle ⁇ is negative.
- the rake angle ⁇ in the radial direction of the part is within a range of ⁇ 20 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0 °, and the negative angle range L is 0.1 D or less with respect to the drill diameter D from the outer corner. Since the O-side portion has a concave arc shape that is smoothly recessed in the direction opposite to the drill rotation direction, the chip discharge performance, tool rigidity, and cutting edge strength are controlled while suppressing increases in cutting resistance and thrust resistance. It is improved in a well-balanced manner, can perform high-efficiency machining with high feed, and can be applied to various work materials, from cast iron and general steel that require relatively high rigidity to aluminum alloys with poor chip evacuation. It is suitably used for drilling.
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Abstract
Description
ル。
図1は本発明の一実施例であるドリル10を示す図で、(a) は先端部分を軸心Oと直角方向から見た正面図、(b) は先端側から見て拡大して示した底面図である。このドリル10は、超硬合金にて構成されているとともに、ドリル軸心Oまわりに等角度間隔で3本のねじれ溝12がスパイラル状に形成されることにより、円錐形状の先端部に3枚の主切れ刃14が設けられた3枚刃のドリルである。ねじれ溝12は、シャンク側すなわち図1(a) の上方から見て、ドリル回転方向(この実施例では右まわり方向)と同じ方向へ、10°~50°程度の範囲内の所定のねじれ角(例えば30°程度)でねじれていて、切りくずをシャンク側へ排出するようになっている。ねじれ溝12が設けられたドリル本体部には、必要に応じてTiAlN等の硬質被膜がコーティングされる。また、シャンクの後端から軸方向に縦通して先端の逃げ面に開口する流体供給穴(オイルホール)を設けることも可能である。
Claims (6)
- ドリル軸心Oまわりに複数のねじれ溝が設けられ、該ねじれ溝がドリル先端に開口する部分にそれぞれ該ねじれ溝に沿って主切れ刃が形成されているとともに、前記ドリル先端のドリル軸心O付近にはシンニングが施され、前記主切れ刃に滑らかに接続されるようにシンニング刃が設けられているドリルにおいて、
前記ねじれ溝は3本以上設けられて前記主切れ刃が3枚以上設けられている一方、
該主切れ刃の外周部には、ドリル先端側から見た底面視における径方向すくい角φが-20°≦φ<0°の範囲内の負角部が、外周コーナからドリル径Dに対して0.1D以下の範囲Lに設けられているとともに、
該主切れ刃の該負角部よりもドリル軸心O側の部分は、前記底面視においてドリル回転方向と反対側へ滑らかに凹んだ凹円弧形状を成している
ことを特徴とするドリル。 - ドリル軸心Oまわりにおけるランド幅角度θ1 と前記ねじれ溝の溝幅角度θ2 との比θ1 :θ2 が35:65~65:35の範囲内である
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のドリル。 - ドリル先端における心厚Wがドリル径Dに対して0.25D~0.45Dの範囲内である
ことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のドリル。 - 前記シンニング刃の軸方向すくい角は、ドリル軸心Oに最も近い部分では-5°~0°の範囲内であるが、前記主切れ刃との接続部では0°~+15°の範囲内となるように、該ドリル軸心O側から該接続部側へ向かうに従って滑らかに連続的に増加している
ことを特徴とする請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載のドリル。 - ドリル軸心Oまわりに複数のねじれ溝が設けられ、該ねじれ溝がドリル先端に開口する部分にそれぞれ該ねじれ溝に沿って主切れ刃が形成されているとともに、前記ドリル先端のドリル軸心O付近にはシンニングが施され、前記主切れ刃に滑らかに接続されるようにシンニング刃が設けられてドリルにおいて、
前記ねじれ溝は3本以上設けられて前記主切れ刃が3枚以上設けられている一方、
該主切れ刃の外周部には、ドリル先端側から見た底面視における径方向すくい角φが-20°≦φ<0°の範囲内の負角部が、外周コーナからドリル径Dに対して0.1D以下の範囲Lに設けられているとともに、
該主切れ刃の該負角部よりもドリル軸心O側の部分は、前記底面視においてドリル回転方向と反対側へ滑らかに凹んだ凹円弧形状を成しており、
ドリル軸心Oまわりにおけるランド幅角度θ1 と前記ねじれ溝の溝幅角度θ2 との比θ1 :θ2 が35:65~65:35の範囲内で、
ドリル先端における心厚Wがドリル径Dに対して0.25D~0.45Dの範囲内で、
前記シンニング刃の軸方向すくい角は、ドリル軸心Oに最も近い部分では-5°~0°の範囲内であるが、前記主切れ刃との接続部では0°~+15°の範囲内となるように、該ドリル軸心O側から該接続部側へ向かうに従って滑らかに連続的に増加している
ことを特徴とするドリル。 - 鋼に対しては1回転当りの送り量がドリル径Dの5%を超える高送り加工が可能で、且つ、アルミニウム合金に対しては1回転当りの送り量がドリル径Dの30%を超える高送り加工が可能である
ことを特徴とする請求項1~5の何れか1項に記載のドリル。
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JP2010531673A JPWO2010038279A1 (ja) | 2008-09-30 | 2008-09-30 | ドリル |
PCT/JP2008/067773 WO2010038279A1 (ja) | 2008-09-30 | 2008-09-30 | ドリル |
US13/119,592 US20110170974A1 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2008-09-30 | Drill |
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