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WO2010000417A1 - High-voltage plug-in connection, particularly for motor vehicles - Google Patents

High-voltage plug-in connection, particularly for motor vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010000417A1
WO2010000417A1 PCT/EP2009/004623 EP2009004623W WO2010000417A1 WO 2010000417 A1 WO2010000417 A1 WO 2010000417A1 EP 2009004623 W EP2009004623 W EP 2009004623W WO 2010000417 A1 WO2010000417 A1 WO 2010000417A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plug
contact
cable
contacts
voltage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/004623
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jürgen Engbring
Volker Albert
Christian Kuschnarew
Volker Hartmann
Peter Bucher
Original Assignee
Leoni Bordnetz-Systeme Gmbh
Continental Automotive Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leoni Bordnetz-Systeme Gmbh, Continental Automotive Gmbh filed Critical Leoni Bordnetz-Systeme Gmbh
Priority to DE112009001573.5T priority Critical patent/DE112009001573B4/en
Publication of WO2010000417A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010000417A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/44—Means for preventing access to live contacts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R31/00—Coupling parts supported only by co-operation with counterpart
    • H01R31/08—Short-circuiting members for bridging contacts in a counterpart
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-voltage connector for releasable electrical connection of high-voltage components with a power cable with both ends each have a plug-in contact, which is mechanically connected in its insertion position with a component-side mating contact and electrically contacted.
  • High-voltage component is understood in particular to mean the devices and units of an electric drive system of a motor vehicle (hybrid drive, hybrid, electric or fuel cell vehicle). Under power cable is understood as a high performance, especially when high electrical current leading connection cable.
  • An electric drive system a drive configuration in a motor vehicle with at least one electric machine has also referred to as high-voltage devices designated high-voltage components or aggregates with voltages of presently already 300V (greater than 60VDC, greater 25V A c).
  • high-voltage devices designated high-voltage components or aggregates with voltages of presently already 300V (greater than 60VDC, greater 25V A c).
  • These include in particular power actuators, in particular converters, converters and / or converters, an electronic control unit or ECU (Electronic Controller Unit).
  • the high-voltage network composed of the high-voltage devices and a high-voltage battery supplying them is usually protected by an access or contact protection in order to avoid a risk of injury when the high-voltage units carrying the high voltage are touched. For example, when the drive system is switched off (and the machine is still rotating), contact protection against high voltage still available at the motor terminals of the electrical machine must be ensured.
  • the contact protection it is possible to perform this mechanically, so that touching live parts with the test finger is not possible.
  • the corresponding plug, socket or contact openings which allow access to the live parts, can be made so small that a test finger does not reach the live parts.
  • the system may be designed such that there is a period of time between the opening of the monitoring circuit and the possible access to live parts within which existing high voltage storage is discharged to a safe level.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a high-voltage connector of the type mentioned, which allows a simple way reliable contact protection.
  • the high-voltage connector includes a power or connection cable with both sides each a plug contact for the electrical connection of at least two high-voltage components, eg. B. a device with a high-voltage battery or with an electric machine.
  • the two plug contacts are mechanically connected in their plug-in position, each with a component-side mating contact and electrically contacted.
  • Each of the two cable-side plug contacts is assigned a pre-locking position in which the electrical connection between the plug-in contact and the associated mating contact is reliably opened. is net, while the mechanical connection is secured and not yet completely solved. For a complete opening of the mechanical connection of the two plug contacts it must be unlocked, which in turn requires that both cable-side plug contacts are guided into the pre-locking position. It is thus ensured that always both plug contacts of the power cable at least so far plugged (mechanically joined) that neither the plug contacts, nor the component-side mating contacts are accessible.
  • the coupling of the two cable-side plug contacts which ensures their two pre-locking position before one of the plug contacts can be fully opened, can be realized in principle electrically, electromechanically or magnetically.
  • the two cable-side plug contacts mechanically interconnecting bolt, such as a Bowden cable, provided.
  • the cable-side plug contacts are preferably designed as a plug with at least one male contact, while then provided as a component-side mating contacts corresponding sockets with at least one female contact.
  • each cable-side plug contact a locking element and a lock are assigned.
  • the interlocks can be component side or plug contact side, d. H. be provided on the cable side.
  • the respective locking element and the corresponding locking are suitably coupled together such that the locked in the pre-locking position locking elements of the two cable-side plug contact can only be unlocked together.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that with the high-voltage connector, a simple and reliable contact protection, especially on a high-voltage network of a motor vehicle, is guaranteed. Due to the forced Vorrastposition all existing on a cable or wiring plug contacts an additional cable or harness-side contact protection can be omitted, since it is ensured that either no cable end or no local plug contact can be unopened or always only both cable ends or both there Plug contacts are open and thus the both ends of the open cable is voltage-free. As a result, no further measures for a contact protection on the cable side are required.
  • a particularly compact connector can be realized.
  • a discharge circuit of an HVIL interruption circuit can be designed for comparatively low powers or long discharge times. Access to dangerous voltages is excluded on the side of the power cable or harness connector.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a high-voltage connector with two plug contacts of a power cable in contacted and mated plug position with corresponding mating contacts
  • Fig. 2 shows the connector in a pre-locking position of the plug contacts
  • Figures 1 to 3 show a high-voltage connector 1 with a dashed line indicated power cable 2 with both ends each have a high-voltage connector 3a, 3b as a plug contact.
  • the high-voltage connectors 3a, 3b have a male contact 4a, 4b and a housing 5a, 5b, within which the power cable 2 or its respective line core are electrically conductively connected to the contact 4a and 4b.
  • the respective contact 4a, 4b of the high-voltage connector 3a, 3b cooperates with a corresponding mating contact in the form of a socket 6a, 6b, each with a female contact 7a and 7b.
  • the sockets 6a, 6b are assigned in a manner not shown a high-voltage component of a motor vehicle and this integrated, for example, in a corresponding device or unit.
  • the female contacts 7a and 7b are then internally contacted with the respective high-voltage component.
  • Fig. 1 shows the inserted or closed position of the cable-side high-voltage connector 3a, 3b.
  • the contacts 4a, 7a and 4b, 7b are electrically conductively connected to each other.
  • the high-voltage connector 3a, 3b with the corresponding sockets 6a and 6b mechanically connected by the respective high-voltage connector 3a, 3b is at least partially inserted into the socket 6a, 6b and held there for example non-positive and / or positive.
  • Fig. 2 shows the two high-voltage connectors 3a, 3b in a storage position.
  • the electrical contacting of both high-voltage connector 3a, 3b is opened by the respective male contacts 4a, 4b and female contacts 7a and 7b are fully opened.
  • the mechanical connection is locked against complete opening of the mechanical connection of the high-voltage connector 3a, 3b with the socket contacts 6a and 6b and thus secured against removal or withdrawal.
  • a locking element 8a, 8b of the high-voltage connector 3a, 3b or its housing 5a and 5b engages in the embodiment of the socket 6a, 6b and thus the mating contact associated Verrieglung 9a, 9b in the form of a locking edge, cross-sectional constriction or the like.
  • the bolt 9 is, for example, a Bowden cable which couples the two high-voltage plugs 3a, 3b such that the latches 8a, 9a and 8b, 9b are always common for both high-voltage plugs 3a and 3b in the locking position shown in FIG. 2 or in the latching position shown in FIG 3 is the unlocked position shown.
  • the illustrated high-voltage connector 1 ensures that either the two high-voltage connectors 3a and 3b are in the contact and joining position shown in Fig. 1, so that the power cable 2 is unopened at both ends, or that both plug contacts 3a and 3b and thus both cable ends of the power cable 2 are open.
  • a state in which one of the two high-voltage connectors 3a or 3b is in the plugged and electrically contacted plug position shown in FIG. 1, while the other high-voltage plug 3b, 3a completely pulled out of its joint with the associated counter or socket contact 6a and 6b is not possible and thus reliably prevented.
  • the high-voltage connector 1 in a vehicle with an electric drive system with a number of high-voltage components, for example in a hybrid vehicle, therefore, a Berckentik must be realized only for the component or device side of the high-voltage connection, in the present embodiment by the sockets 6a and 6b provided with the female contacts 7a, 7b are represented.
  • a touch guard on the cable or harness side ie neglected at the high-voltage connectors 3a and 3b of the power cable 2, since these cable-end plug contacts 6a, 6b are always energized when their contacts 4a and 4b are accessible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-voltage plug-in connection (1) for electrically connecting high-voltage components, in particular an electric drive system of a motor vehicle, in a releasable manner. Said plug-in connection (1) comprises a power cable (2), each side of which has a plug-in contact (3a, 3b) that is mechanically connected to and in electrical contact with a mating contact (6a, 6b) on the component in the plugged position. A preliminary locked position, in which the electric contact (4a, 7a; 4b, 7b) is open and the mechanical connection is secured, is associated with each of the two plug-in contacts (3a, 3b) on the cable. The mechanical connection can be disengaged only when both plug-in contacts (3a, 3b) on the cable are in the preliminary locked position.

Description

Beschreibung Hochvolt-Steckverbindung, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge Description High-voltage connector, especially for motor vehicles
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hochvolt-Steckverbindung zur lösbaren elektrischen Verbindung von Hochvoltkomponenten mit einem Leistungskabel mit beidendseitig jeweils einem Steckkontakt, der in dessen Steckposition mit einem komponentenseitigen Gegenkontakt mechanisch verbunden und elektrisch kontaktiert ist. Unter Hochvoltkomponente werden insbesondere die Geräte und Aggregate eines elektrischen Antriebssystems eines Kraftfahrzeugs (Hybridantrieb, Hybrid-, Elektro- oder Brennstoffzellenfahrzeug) verstanden. Unter Leistungskabel wird ein eine hohe Leistung, insbesondere beim hohen elektrischen Strom führendes Verbindungskabel verstanden.The invention relates to a high-voltage connector for releasable electrical connection of high-voltage components with a power cable with both ends each have a plug-in contact, which is mechanically connected in its insertion position with a component-side mating contact and electrically contacted. High-voltage component is understood in particular to mean the devices and units of an electric drive system of a motor vehicle (hybrid drive, hybrid, electric or fuel cell vehicle). Under power cable is understood as a high performance, especially when high electrical current leading connection cable.
Ein elektrisches Antriebssystem einer Antriebskonfiguration in einem Kraftfahrzeug mit mindestens einer elektrischen Maschine (Synchron- oder Asynchronmaschine) weist nachfolgend auch als Hochvoltgeräte bezeichnete Hochvoltkomponenten oder -aggregate mit Spannungen von derzeit bereits über 300V (größer 60VDC, größer 25VAc) auf. Hierzu gehören insbesondere auch Leistungsstellglieder, wie insbesondere Umrichter, Stromrichter und/oder Wandler, einer elektronischen Steuerungseinheit oder ECU (Electronic Controller Unit).An electric drive system a drive configuration in a motor vehicle with at least one electric machine (synchronous or asynchronous) has also referred to as high-voltage devices designated high-voltage components or aggregates with voltages of presently already 300V (greater than 60VDC, greater 25V A c). These include in particular power actuators, in particular converters, converters and / or converters, an electronic control unit or ECU (Electronic Controller Unit).
Das sich aus den Hochvoltgeräten und einer diese speisende Hochvoltbatterie zusammensetzende Hochvoltnetz ist üblicherweise mit einem Zugangs- oder Berührungsschutz gesichert, um eine Verletzungsgefahr bei einer Berührung der die hohe Spannung führenden Hochvoltaggregate zu vermeiden. So ist beispielsweise bei abgeschaltetem Antriebssystem (und noch drehender Maschine) ein Berührungsschutz vor einer an den Motorklemmen der elektrischen Maschine noch verfügbaren hohen Spannung sicherzustellen.The high-voltage network composed of the high-voltage devices and a high-voltage battery supplying them is usually protected by an access or contact protection in order to avoid a risk of injury when the high-voltage units carrying the high voltage are touched. For example, when the drive system is switched off (and the machine is still rotating), contact protection against high voltage still available at the motor terminals of the electrical machine must be ensured.
Auch muss beim Lösen von beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2006 047 039 A1 bekannten Steckkontakten oder Kontaktverbindungen sowie beim Öffnen des Maschinengehäuses der elektrischen Maschine oder des Gerätegehäuses der die Leistungsstellglieder enthaltenden elektronischen Steuerungseinheit ein Absinken der hohen Spannung in kürzester Zeit sichergestellt werden. Aufgrund der hohen zu übertragenden Ströme und der Sicherheitsanforderungen in Bezug auf den Berührungsschutz sowie hinsichtlich vorgeschriebener Luft- und Kriechstrecken weisen derartige Hochvolt-Steckverbindungen eine besonders große Bauform auf.Also, when loosening, for example, from DE 10 2006 047 039 A1 known plug contacts or contact connections and when opening the machine housing of the electrical machine or the device housing of the Power control elements containing electronic control unit a drop in high voltage can be ensured in no time. Due to the high currents to be transmitted and the safety requirements with respect to the contact protection as well as with regard to prescribed clearances and creepage distances, such high-voltage plug connections have a particularly large design.
Hinsichtlich des Berührungsschutzes besteht die Möglichkeit, diesen mechanisch auszuführen, so dass ein Berühren von spannungsführenden Teilen mit dem Prüffinger nicht möglich ist. So können die entsprechenden Stecker-, Buchsen- oder Kontaktöffnungen, die einen Zugriff auf die spannungsführenden Teile ermöglichen, so klein ausgeführt werden, dass ein Prüffinger die spannungsführenden Teile nicht erreicht. Bei einem vorgesehenen Überwachungskreis (hazardous voltage interlock loop, HVIL) kann das System derart ausgelegt sein, dass zwischen dem Öffnen des Überwachungskreises und dem möglichen Zugriff auf spannungsführende Teile eine Zeitspanne liegt, innerhalb derer vorhandene Hochspannungsspeicher auf ein gefahrloses Niveau entladen werden.With regard to the contact protection, it is possible to perform this mechanically, so that touching live parts with the test finger is not possible. Thus, the corresponding plug, socket or contact openings, which allow access to the live parts, can be made so small that a test finger does not reach the live parts. With a dedicated voltage interlock loop (HVIL), the system may be designed such that there is a period of time between the opening of the monitoring circuit and the possible access to live parts within which existing high voltage storage is discharged to a safe level.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Hochvolt-Steckverbindung der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, die auf einfache Weise einen zuverlässigen Berührungsschutz ermöglicht.The invention is based on the object to provide a high-voltage connector of the type mentioned, which allows a simple way reliable contact protection.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen, Weiterbildungen und Varianten sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments, developments and variants are the subject of the dependent claims.
Hierzu umfasst die Hochvolt-Steckverbindung ein Leistungs- oder Verbindungskabel mit beidendseitg jeweils einem Steckkontakt zur elektrischen Verbindung mindestens zweier Hochvoltkomponenten, z. B. eines Gerätes mit einer Hochvoltbatterie oder mit einer elektrischen Maschine. Die beiden Steckkontakte sind in deren Steckposition mit jeweils einem komponentenseitigen Gegenkontakt mechanisch verbunden und elektrisch kontaktiert. Jedem der beiden kabelseitigen Steckkontakte ist eine Vorrastposition zugeordnet, in der die elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Steckkontakt und dem zugeordneten Gegenkontakt zuverlässig geöff- net ist, während die mechanische Verbindung gesichert und noch nicht vollständig gelöst ist. Für ein vollständiges Öffnen der mechanischen Verbindung der beiden Steckkontakte muss diese entriegelt sein, was wiederum erfordert, dass beide kabelseitigen Steckkontakte in die Vorrastposition geführt sind. Es ist somit gewährleistet, dass stets beide Steckkontakte des Leistungskabels zumindest insoweit gesteckt (mechanisch gefügt) sind, dass weder die Steckkontakte, noch die komponentenseitigen Gegenkontakte zugänglich sind.For this purpose, the high-voltage connector includes a power or connection cable with both sides each a plug contact for the electrical connection of at least two high-voltage components, eg. B. a device with a high-voltage battery or with an electric machine. The two plug contacts are mechanically connected in their plug-in position, each with a component-side mating contact and electrically contacted. Each of the two cable-side plug contacts is assigned a pre-locking position in which the electrical connection between the plug-in contact and the associated mating contact is reliably opened. is net, while the mechanical connection is secured and not yet completely solved. For a complete opening of the mechanical connection of the two plug contacts it must be unlocked, which in turn requires that both cable-side plug contacts are guided into the pre-locking position. It is thus ensured that always both plug contacts of the power cable at least so far plugged (mechanically joined) that neither the plug contacts, nor the component-side mating contacts are accessible.
Die Kopplung der beiden kabelseitigen Steckkontakte, die deren beider Vorrastposition sicherstellt, bevor einer der Steckkontakte vollständig geöffnet werden kann, kann prinzipiell elektrisch, elektromechanisch oder magnetisch realisiert sein. In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist ein die beiden kabelseitigen Steckkontakte mechanisch miteinander verbindender Riegel, beispielsweise ein Bowdenzug, vorgesehen. Die kabelseitigen Steckkontakte sind bevorzugt als Stecker mit mindestens einem Male-Kontakt ausgeführt, während dann als komponentenseitige Gegenkontakte entsprechende Steckbuchsen mit mindestens einem Female- Kontakt vorgesehen sind.The coupling of the two cable-side plug contacts, which ensures their two pre-locking position before one of the plug contacts can be fully opened, can be realized in principle electrically, electromechanically or magnetically. In an advantageous embodiment, the two cable-side plug contacts mechanically interconnecting bolt, such as a Bowden cable, provided. The cable-side plug contacts are preferably designed as a plug with at least one male contact, while then provided as a component-side mating contacts corresponding sockets with at least one female contact.
Zweckmäßigerweise sind jedem kabelseitigen Steckkontakt ein Riegelelement und eine Verriegelung zugeordnet. Die Verriegelungen kann komponentenseitig oder steckkontaktseitig, d. h. kabelseitig vorgesehen sein. Das jeweilige Riegelelement und die entsprechende Verriegelung sind dabei geeigneterweise derart miteinander gekoppelt, dass die in der Vorrastposition blockierten Riegelelemente der beiden kabelseitigen Steckkontakt nur gemeinsam entriegelbar sind.Conveniently, each cable-side plug contact a locking element and a lock are assigned. The interlocks can be component side or plug contact side, d. H. be provided on the cable side. The respective locking element and the corresponding locking are suitably coupled together such that the locked in the pre-locking position locking elements of the two cable-side plug contact can only be unlocked together.
Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, dass mit der Hochvolt-Steckverbindung ein einfacher und zuverlässiger Berührungsschutz, insbesondere an einem Hochvoltnetz eines Kraftfahrzeugs, gewährleistet ist. Durch die erzwungene Vorrastposition aller an einem Kabel- oder Kabelbaum vorhandenen Steckkontakte kann ein zusätzlicher kabel- bzw. kabelbaumseitiger Berührungsschutz entfallen, da sichergestellt ist, dass entweder kein Kabelende bzw. kein dortiger Steckkontakt ungeöffnet sein kann oder aber stets nur beide Kabelenden bzw. beide dortigen Steckkontakte geöffnet sind und somit das beidendseitig geöffnete Leitungskabel spannungsfrei ist. Hierdurch sind keine weiteren Maßnahmen für einen Berührungsschutz auf der Kabelseite erforderlich. Durch die Anordnung der Female-Kontakte auf der Geräte- oder Komponentenseite ist dort ein Berührungsschutz durch die Verwendung von Buchsenkontakten mit entsprechend kleinen, fingersicheren Kontaktöffnungen auf einfache Art und Weise realisierbar.The advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that with the high-voltage connector, a simple and reliable contact protection, especially on a high-voltage network of a motor vehicle, is guaranteed. Due to the forced Vorrastposition all existing on a cable or wiring plug contacts an additional cable or harness-side contact protection can be omitted, since it is ensured that either no cable end or no local plug contact can be unopened or always only both cable ends or both there Plug contacts are open and thus the both ends of the open cable is voltage-free. As a result, no further measures for a contact protection on the cable side are required. The arrangement of the female contacts on the device or component side there is a touch protection through the use of socket contacts with correspondingly small, finger-safe contact openings in a simple manner feasible.
Insgesamt ist eine besonders kompakte Steckverbindung realisierbar. Zudem kann eine Entladungsschaltung eines HVIL-Unterbrechungskreises für vergleichsweise kleine Leistungen bzw. lange Entladungszeiten ausgelegt werden. Ein Zugriff auf gefährliche Spannungen ist auf der Seite der Steckverbindung des Leistungskabels oder Kabelbaumes ausgeschlossen.Overall, a particularly compact connector can be realized. In addition, a discharge circuit of an HVIL interruption circuit can be designed for comparatively low powers or long discharge times. Access to dangerous voltages is excluded on the side of the power cable or harness connector.
Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin zeigen:Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. Show:
Fig. 1 schematisch eine Hochvolt-Steckverbindung mit zwei Steckkontakten eines Leistungskabels in kontaktierter und gefügter Steckposition mit korrespondieren Gegenkontakten,1 schematically shows a high-voltage connector with two plug contacts of a power cable in contacted and mated plug position with corresponding mating contacts,
Fig. 2 die Steckverbindung in einer Vorrastposition der Steckkontakte, undFig. 2 shows the connector in a pre-locking position of the plug contacts, and
Fig. 3 die Steckverbindung in Entriegelungsposition.Fig. 3, the connector in unlocking position.
Einander entsprechende Teile sind in allen Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding parts are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.
Die Figuren 1 bis 3 zeigen eine Hochvolt-Steckverbindung 1 mit einem strichliniert angedeuteten Leistungskabel 2 mit beidendseitig jeweils einem Hochvoltstecker 3a, 3b als Steckkontakt. Die Hochvoltstecker 3a, 3b weisen einen Male- Kontakt 4a, 4b und ein Gehäuse 5a, 5b auf, innerhalb dessen das Leistungskabel 2 oder dessen jeweilige Leitungsader mit dem Kontakt 4a bzw. 4b elektrisch leitend verbunden sind. Der jeweilige Kontakt 4a, 4b des Hochvoltsteckers 3a, 3b wirkt mit einem entsprechenden Gegenkontakt in Form einer Steckbuchse 6a, 6b mit jeweils einem Female-Kontakt 7a bzw. 7b zusammen. Die Steckbuchsen 6a, 6b sind in nicht näher dargestellter Art und Weise einer Hochvoltkomponente eines Kraftfahrzeugs zugeordnet und hierzu beispielsweise in ein entsprechendes Gerät oder Aggregat integriert. Die Female-Kontakt 7a und 7b sind dann geräteintern mit der jeweiligen Hochvoltkomponente kontaktiert.Figures 1 to 3 show a high-voltage connector 1 with a dashed line indicated power cable 2 with both ends each have a high-voltage connector 3a, 3b as a plug contact. The high-voltage connectors 3a, 3b have a male contact 4a, 4b and a housing 5a, 5b, within which the power cable 2 or its respective line core are electrically conductively connected to the contact 4a and 4b. The respective contact 4a, 4b of the high-voltage connector 3a, 3b cooperates with a corresponding mating contact in the form of a socket 6a, 6b, each with a female contact 7a and 7b. The sockets 6a, 6b are assigned in a manner not shown a high-voltage component of a motor vehicle and this integrated, for example, in a corresponding device or unit. The female contacts 7a and 7b are then internally contacted with the respective high-voltage component.
Fig. 1 zeigt die gesteckte oder geschlossene Position der kabelseitigen Hochvoltstecker 3a, 3b. In dieser Steckposition sind die Kontakte 4a, 7a und 4b, 7b elektrisch leitend miteinander verbunden. Zudem sind die Hochvoltstecker 3a, 3b mit den korrespondierenden Steckbuchsen 6a bzw. 6b mechanisch verbunden, indem der jeweilige Hochvoltstecker 3a, 3b zumindest teilweise in die Steckbuchse 6a, 6b eingeführt und dort beispielsweise kraft- und/oder formschlüssig gehalten ist.Fig. 1 shows the inserted or closed position of the cable-side high-voltage connector 3a, 3b. In this plug-in position, the contacts 4a, 7a and 4b, 7b are electrically conductively connected to each other. In addition, the high-voltage connector 3a, 3b with the corresponding sockets 6a and 6b mechanically connected by the respective high-voltage connector 3a, 3b is at least partially inserted into the socket 6a, 6b and held there for example non-positive and / or positive.
Fig. 2 zeigt die beiden Hochvoltstecker 3a, 3b in einer Vorratsposition. In dieser Vorratsposition ist die elektrische Kontaktierung beider Hochvoltstecker 3a, 3b geöffnet, indem die jeweiligen Male-Kontakte 4a, 4b und Female-Kontakte 7a bzw. 7b vollständig geöffnet sind. In dieser Vorrastposition ist die mechanische Verbindung jedoch gegen ein vollständiges Öffnen der mechanischen Verbindung der Hochvoltstecker 3a, 3b mit den Buchsenkontakten 6a bzw. 6b verriegelt und somit gegen ein Ab- oder Herausziehen gesichert. Hierzu hintergreift ein Riegelelement 8a, 8b des Hochvoltsteckers 3a, 3b bzw. dessen Gehäuses 5a bzw. 5b eine im Ausführungsbeispiel der Steckbuchse 6a, 6b und damit dem Gegenkontakt zugeordnete Verrieglung 9a, 9b in Form einer Riegelkante, Querschnittsverengung oder dergleichen.Fig. 2 shows the two high-voltage connectors 3a, 3b in a storage position. In this storage position, the electrical contacting of both high-voltage connector 3a, 3b is opened by the respective male contacts 4a, 4b and female contacts 7a and 7b are fully opened. In this pre-locking position, however, the mechanical connection is locked against complete opening of the mechanical connection of the high-voltage connector 3a, 3b with the socket contacts 6a and 6b and thus secured against removal or withdrawal. For this purpose, a locking element 8a, 8b of the high-voltage connector 3a, 3b or its housing 5a and 5b engages in the embodiment of the socket 6a, 6b and thus the mating contact associated Verrieglung 9a, 9b in the form of a locking edge, cross-sectional constriction or the like.
Nur wenn beide Hochvoltstecker 5a und 5b in diese Vorrastposition verbracht worden sind, ist die mechanische Verrieglung der Hochvoltstecker 3a, 3b gelöst, so dass die Hochvoltstecker 3, 3b gezogen werden können. In diesem Entriegelungszustand ist jedoch sichergestellt, dass sich beide Hochvoltstecker 3a und 3b in der Vorrastposition befinden und somit die elektrischen Kontakte 4,7 beider Steckverbindungen 3, 6 geöffnet sind. Dies ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbei- spiel durch ein in den jeweiligen Hochvoltstecker 3a, 3b integriertes Sperrelement 10a, 10b gewährleistet.Only when both high-voltage plugs 5a and 5b have been brought into this pre-locking position, the mechanical Verrieglung the high-voltage connector 3a, 3b is released, so that the high-voltage connector 3, 3b can be pulled. In this unlocking state, however, it is ensured that both high-voltage plugs 3a and 3b are in the pre-latching position and thus the electrical contacts 4,7 of both plug-in connections 3, 6 are open. This is in the present embodiment play ensured by a in the respective high-voltage connector 3a, 3b integrated locking element 10a, 10b.
So ist aus einem Vergleich der Fig. 1 bis 3 erkennbar, dass für den Fall, dass sich einer der beiden Hochvoltstecker 3a oder 3b in der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Kontakt- und Fügeposition befindet, ein Verschieben des die Verriegelung 9a, 9b ausbildenden Riegels 9 in Entriegelungsrichtung 11 verhindert ist, indem der entsprechend gefügte Hochvoltstecker 3a, 3b den Riegel 9 gegen ein Verschieben in Entriegelungsrichtung 11 blockiert.Thus, it can be seen from a comparison of FIGS. 1 to 3 that, in the event that one of the two high-voltage plugs 3a or 3b is in the contact and joining position shown in FIG. 1, the latch 9a, 9b forming the latch is displaced 9 is prevented in unlocking 11 by the correspondingly fitted high-voltage connector 3a, 3b blocks the latch 9 against displacement in the unlocking 11.
Der Riegel 9 ist beispielsweise ein Bowdenzug, der die beiden Hochvoltstecker 3a, 3b derart koppelt, dass die Verriegelung 8a, 9a und 8b, 9b stets für beide Hochvoltstecker 3a bzw. 3b gemeinsam in der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Verriegelungsposition oder in der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Entriegelungsposition ist.The bolt 9 is, for example, a Bowden cable which couples the two high-voltage plugs 3a, 3b such that the latches 8a, 9a and 8b, 9b are always common for both high-voltage plugs 3a and 3b in the locking position shown in FIG. 2 or in the latching position shown in FIG 3 is the unlocked position shown.
Die dargestellte Hochvolt-Steckverbindung 1 stellt sicher, dass sich entweder die beiden Hochvoltstecker 3a und 3b in der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Kontakt- und Fügeposition befinden, so dass das Leistungskabel 2 an dessen beiden Enden ungeöffnet ist, oder dass beide Steckkontakte 3a und 3b und damit beide Kabelenden des Leistungskabels 2 geöffnet sind. Ein Zustand, in dem sich einer der beiden Hochvoltstecker 3a oder 3b in der in Fig. 1 dargestellten gefügten und elektrisch kontaktierten Steckposition befindet, während der andere Hochvoltstecker 3b, 3a aus dessen Fügeverbindung mit dem zugeordneten Gegen- oder Buchsenkontakt 6a bzw. 6b vollständig herausgezogen ist, ist nicht möglich und somit zuverlässig verhindert.The illustrated high-voltage connector 1 ensures that either the two high-voltage connectors 3a and 3b are in the contact and joining position shown in Fig. 1, so that the power cable 2 is unopened at both ends, or that both plug contacts 3a and 3b and thus both cable ends of the power cable 2 are open. A state in which one of the two high-voltage connectors 3a or 3b is in the plugged and electrically contacted plug position shown in FIG. 1, while the other high-voltage plug 3b, 3a completely pulled out of its joint with the associated counter or socket contact 6a and 6b is not possible and thus reliably prevented.
Bei einer bevorzugten Verwendung der Hochvolt-Steckverbindung 1 in einem Fahrzeug mit einem elektrischen Antriebssystem mit einer Anzahl von Hochvoltkomponenten, beispielsweise in einem Hybrid-Fahrzeug, muss daher ein Berührschutz lediglich für die Komponenten- oder Geräteseite der Hochvoltverbindung realisiert werden, die im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel durch die mit den Female-Kontakten 7a, 7b versehenen Steckbuchsen 6a bzw. 6b repräsentiert wird. Demgegenüber kann ein Berührschutz auf der Kabel- oder Kabelbaumseite, d.h. an den Hochvoltsteckern 3a und 3b des Leistungskabels 2 vernachlässigt werden, da diese kabelendseitigen Steckkontakte 6a, 6b stets spannungsfrei sind, wenn deren Kontakte 4a bzw. 4b zugänglich sind. Dieser Berührungs- und/oder Zugangsschutz vor einer gefährlichen Spannung auf der Kabelseite ist gewährleistet, da ein Öffnen der Steckverbindung 1 erst nach allseitiger Trennung der Kontakte 6a, 7a und 6b, 7b von der üblicherweise gerate- oder komponentenseitig vorhandenen Spannung möglich ist. Ein vollständiges Abziehen der Stecker 3a und 3b ist nur möglich, wenn sich zuvor beide oder alle kabelseitig vorhandenen Hochvoltstecker 6a, 6b in der Vorrastposition befinden und somit alle Kontakte 6a, 7a bzw. 6b, 7b geöffnet sind.In a preferred use of the high-voltage connector 1 in a vehicle with an electric drive system with a number of high-voltage components, for example in a hybrid vehicle, therefore, a Berührschutz must be realized only for the component or device side of the high-voltage connection, in the present embodiment by the sockets 6a and 6b provided with the female contacts 7a, 7b are represented. In contrast, a touch guard on the cable or harness side, ie neglected at the high-voltage connectors 3a and 3b of the power cable 2, since these cable-end plug contacts 6a, 6b are always energized when their contacts 4a and 4b are accessible. This contact and / or access protection against a dangerous voltage on the cable side is guaranteed, since opening of the connector 1 is possible only after all-side separation of the contacts 6a, 7a and 6b, 7b of the usually device or component side existing voltage. A complete removal of the plug 3a and 3b is only possible if previously both or all cable side existing high-voltage connector 6a, 6b are in the pre-locking position and thus all contacts 6a, 7a and 6b, 7b are opened.
Während im Ausführungsbeispiel ein rein mechanischer Koppelmechanismus der kabelseitigen Stecker 3a, 3b und der komponentenseitigen Steckbuchsen 6a, 6b gezeigt und beschrieben ist, kann dieser auch elektrisch, mechanisch oder elekt- romechanisch ausgeführt sein. While in the embodiment, a purely mechanical coupling mechanism of the cable-side connector 3a, 3b and the component-side sockets 6a, 6b is shown and described, this can also be performed electrically, mechanically or electro-mechanically.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Hochvolt-Steckverbindung1 high-voltage connector
2 Leistungskabel2 power cables
3a, b Hochvoltstecker/Steckkontakt3a, b High-voltage plug / plug contact
4a ,b Male-Kontakt4a, b male contact
5a, b Steckergehäuse5a, b connector housing
6a, b Steckbuchse/Gegenkontakt6a, b socket / mating contact
7a, b Female-Kontakt7a, b Female contact
8a, b Riegelelement8a, b locking element
9 Riegel9 bars
9a,b Verriegelung9a, b lock
10a,b Sperrelement10a, b blocking element
11 Entriegelungsrichtung 11 unlocking direction

Claims

16. Juni 2009Ansprüche 16 June 2009 claims
1. Hochvolt-Steckverbindung (1 ) zur lösbaren elektrischen Verbindung von1. High-voltage connector (1) for releasable electrical connection of
Hochvoltkomponenten, insbesondere eines elektrischen Antriebssystems eines Kraftfahrzeugs, mit einem Leistungskabel (2) mit beidendseitg jeweils einem Steckkontakt (3a, 3b), der in dessen Steckposition mit einem kompo- nentenseitigen Gegenkontakt (6a, 6b) mechanisch verbunden und elektrisch kontaktiert ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedem der beiden kabelseitigen Steckkontakte (3a, 3b) eine Vorrastposi- tion zugeordnet ist, in der der elektrische Kontakt (4a, 7a; 4b, 7b) geöffnet und die mechanische Verbindung gesichert ist, und dass die mechanische Verbindung nur dann entriegelbar ist, wenn beide kabelseitigen Steckkontakte (3a, 3b) in die Vorrastposition geführt sind.High-voltage components, in particular of an electric drive system of a motor vehicle, with a power cable (2) with both sides a plug contact (3a, 3b), which in its plug position with a component-side mating contact (6a, 6b) is mechanically connected and electrically contacted, characterized in that each of the two cable-side plug-in contacts (3a, 3b) has a pre-latching position in which the electrical contact (4a, 7a; 4b, 7b) is opened and the mechanical connection is secured, and the mechanical connection can only be unlocked when both cable-side plug contacts (3a, 3b) are guided in the pre-locking position.
2. Steckverbindung (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der eine Steckkontakt (3a, 3b) die Verriegelung des anderen Steckkontaktes (3b bzw. 3a) in der Steckposition blockiert und in der Vorrastposition frei gibt.2. Plug connection (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that one plug contact (3a, 3b) blocks the locking of the other plug contact (3b or 3a) in the plug position and releases in the pre-latching position.
3. Steckverbindung (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch einen die beiden kabelseitigen Steckkontakte (3a, 3b) mechanisch miteinander koppelnden Riegel (9).3. Plug connection (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by one of the two cable-side plug contacts (3a, 3b) mechanically interconnecting latch (9).
4. Steckverbindung (1 ) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedem kabelseitigen Steckkontakt (3a, 3b) ein Riegelelement (8a,8b) und eine Verriegelung (9a, 9b) zugeordnet sind. 4. Plug connection (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each cable-side plug contact (3a, 3b) is associated with a locking element (8a, 8b) and a lock (9a, 9b).
5. Steckverbindung (1 ) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verriegelungen (9a, 9b) derart miteinander gekoppelt sind, dass die in der Vorrastposition blockierten Riegelelemente (8a, 8b) beider kabel- seitigen Steckkontakte (3a, 3b) nur gemeinsam entriegelbar sind.5. Plug connection (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the latches (9a, 9b) are coupled to one another in such a way that the locking elements (8a, 8b) of both cable-side plug contacts (3a, 3b) blocked in the pre-latching position only together can be unlocked.
6. Steckverbindung (1 ) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die kabelseitigen Steckkontakte (3a, 3b) als Stecker mit mindestens einem Male-Kontakt (4a, 4b) und die komponentenseitigen Gegenkontakte (6a, 6b) als Steckbuchsen mit mindestens einem Female-Kontakt (7a, 7b) ausgeführt sind. 6. Plug connection (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cable-side plug contacts (3a, 3b) as a plug with at least one male contact (4a, 4b) and the component-side mating contacts (6a, 6b) as sockets with at least one female contact (7a, 7b) are executed.
PCT/EP2009/004623 2008-06-30 2009-06-26 High-voltage plug-in connection, particularly for motor vehicles WO2010000417A1 (en)

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