WO2009147858A1 - 反射防止膜、および反射防止膜を備える光学素子、ならびに、スタンパ、およびスタンパの製造方法、ならびに反射防止膜の製造方法 - Google Patents
反射防止膜、および反射防止膜を備える光学素子、ならびに、スタンパ、およびスタンパの製造方法、ならびに反射防止膜の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009147858A1 WO2009147858A1 PCT/JP2009/002530 JP2009002530W WO2009147858A1 WO 2009147858 A1 WO2009147858 A1 WO 2009147858A1 JP 2009002530 W JP2009002530 W JP 2009002530W WO 2009147858 A1 WO2009147858 A1 WO 2009147858A1
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- Prior art keywords
- stamper
- antireflection film
- protrusions
- surface shape
- less
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
- G02B1/118—Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/12—Anodising more than once, e.g. in different baths
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
- G02B5/0215—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures the surface having a regular structure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antireflection film and an optical element (including a display element) provided with the antireflection film.
- the present invention also relates to a stamper (also referred to as a “mold” or “mold”), a stamper manufacturing method, and an antireflection film manufacturing method.
- An optical element such as a display device or a camera lens used for a television or a mobile phone is usually provided with an antireflection technique in order to reduce surface reflection and increase light transmission.
- an antireflection technique in order to reduce surface reflection and increase light transmission. For example, when light passes through the interface of a medium with a different refractive index, such as when light enters the interface between air and glass, the amount of transmitted light is reduced due to Fresnel reflection, and visibility is reduced. is there.
- This method utilizes the principle of a so-called moth-eye structure, and the refractive index for light incident on the substrate is determined from the refractive index of the incident medium along the depth direction of the irregularities, to the refractive index of the substrate.
- the reflection in the wavelength region where the reflection is desired to be prevented is suppressed by continuously changing the wavelength.
- the moth-eye structure has an advantage that it can exhibit an antireflection effect with a small incident angle dependency over a wide wavelength range, can be applied to many materials, and can form an uneven pattern directly on a substrate. As a result, a low-cost and high-performance antireflection film (or antireflection surface) can be provided.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 Non-Patent Document 1
- anodized porous alumina obtained by anodizing aluminum will be briefly described.
- a method for producing a porous structure using anodization has attracted attention as a simple method capable of forming regularly ordered nano-sized cylindrical pores (concave portions).
- an acidic or alkaline electrolyte such as sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, or phosphoric acid
- a voltage is applied using this as an anode
- oxidation and dissolution proceed simultaneously on the surface of the substrate, and fine particles are formed on the surface.
- An oxide film having holes can be formed. These cylindrical pores are oriented perpendicular to the oxide film and exhibit self-organized regularity under certain conditions (voltage, type of electrolyte, temperature, etc.). Is expected.
- the anodized porous alumina layer 40 is composed of cells 46 of a certain size having pores 42 and barrier layers 44.
- the shape of the cell 46 when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the film surface is typically a regular hexagon.
- the cells 46 are arranged in a two-dimensionally most densely packed arrangement when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the film surface.
- Each cell 46 has a pore 42 at its center, and the arrangement of the pores 42 has periodicity.
- that the arrangement of the pores 42 has periodicity refers to the geometric center of gravity (hereinafter simply referred to as “center of gravity”) of a certain pore when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the film surface.
- vector sum toward the center of gravity of all the pores adjacent to the pore becomes zero.
- vector sum vector sum
- six vectors from the center of gravity of a certain pore 42 toward each center of gravity of six adjacent pores 42 have the same length, and their directions are different from each other by 60 degrees. The sum of these vectors is zero.
- the vector has periodicity if the total length of the vectors is less than 5% of the shortest vector length.
- the porous alumina layer 40 is formed on the aluminum layer 48 because it is formed by anodizing the surface of aluminum.
- the cell 46 is formed as a result of local dissolution and growth of the film, and dissolution and growth of the film proceed simultaneously at the bottom of the pores called the barrier layer 44.
- the size of the cell 46 that is, the interval between the adjacent pores 42 corresponds to approximately twice the thickness of the barrier layer 44, and is approximately proportional to the voltage during anodization.
- the diameter of the pore 42 depends on the type, concentration, temperature, etc. of the electrolytic solution, it is usually the size of the cell 46 (the length of the longest diagonal line of the cell 46 when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the film surface). It is known that it is about 1/3.
- Such pores 42 of porous alumina have an arrangement with high regularity (having periodicity) under a specific condition, an arrangement with irregularity to some extent or an irregularity (having periodicity) depending on the conditions. Not).
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method of forming an antireflection film (antireflection surface) by a transfer method using a stamper having an alumina anodic oxide film on the surface.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Recently, it has been disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 that anodized alumina having various shapes was produced by repeating anodization of aluminum and enlargement of the diameter. Further, according to Non-Patent Document 1, an antireflection film having a moth-eye structure was produced using PMMA using alumina formed with non-bell-shaped tapered pores as a template. The reflectance of this antireflection film is about 1% or less. The side surface of the recess formed in the alumina layer described in Non-Patent Document 1 is smooth (continuous) and linear.
- Patent Document 3 by forming an antireflection film using an alumina layer having fine concave portions having stepped side surfaces, than using the alumina layer described in Non-Patent Document 1, It has been disclosed that light reflection (0th order diffraction) can hardly occur.
- a stamper having a fine concave portion having a stepped side surface has a feature that the effect of surface treatment is strongly obtained because the specific surface area is larger than that of the stamper described in Non-Patent Document 1. Disclosure.
- the transferability is improved by performing a release treatment on the surface of the stamper.
- an antifouling effect can be obtained by performing water / oil repellent treatment (for example, fluorine treatment) on the surface of the antireflection film.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 in addition to the moth-eye structure (microstructure), an uneven structure (macrostructure) larger than the moth-eye structure is provided to the antireflection film (antireflection surface).
- An anti-glare (anti-glare) function can be imparted.
- the size of the convex portion constituting the concave and convex that exhibits the antiglare function is 1 ⁇ m or more and less than 100 ⁇ m.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its main purpose is to manufacture a stamper capable of forming an antireflection film (antireflection surface) having an antiglare function by a simpler process than before. It is to provide a way to do. Another object of the present invention is to provide an antireflection film having an antiglare function better than the conventional one.
- the antireflection film of the present invention When viewed from the normal direction of the film, the antireflection film of the present invention has a plurality of first protrusions having a two-dimensional size of 1 ⁇ m or more and less than 100 ⁇ m and a two-dimensional size of 10 nm or more and less than 500 nm.
- a plurality of second protrusions, and the plurality of second protrusions are formed on the plurality of first protrusions and between the plurality of first protrusions.
- a first surface shape having a rising angle of about 90 ° or more with respect to the film surface of the surface of the portion or a second surface shape obtained by inverting the first surface shape with respect to the film surface.
- the plurality of second convex portions include a substantially conical convex portion.
- the plurality of second convex portions include irregularly arranged convex portions.
- the plurality of first convex portions are arranged irregularly.
- the antireflection film is made of a photocurable resin.
- the antireflection film has a haze value of 8.5 or more.
- the optical element of the present invention is characterized by having any of the antireflection films described above.
- the stamper of the present invention includes a plurality of first protrusions having a two-dimensional size of 1 ⁇ m or more and less than 100 ⁇ m and a plurality of two-dimensional sizes of 10 nm or more and less than 500 nm when viewed from the normal direction of the surface. And the plurality of second protrusions are formed on the plurality of first protrusions and between the plurality of first protrusions, and the plurality of first protrusions.
- the first surface shape has a rising angle of about 90 ° or more with respect to the film surface of the surface or the second surface shape obtained by inverting the first surface shape with respect to the surface.
- an anodized alumina layer having a surface shape substantially the same as the second surface shape is provided.
- the stamper manufacturing method of the present invention is the above-described stamper manufacturing method, wherein (a) a step of preparing an Al substrate having an Al content of 99.0% by mass or less, and (b) the Al substrate. Forming a porous alumina layer having a plurality of fine recesses by partially anodizing the porous alumina layer; and (c) bringing the porous alumina layer into contact with an alumina etchant to thereby form a plurality of fine layers of the porous alumina layer. Enlarging the concave portion.
- the step (b) and the step (c) are alternately performed a plurality of times, thereby forming a plurality of fine concave portions each having a stepped side surface in the porous alumina layer.
- the Al base material includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Mg, and Fe.
- the total of these elements is preferably 1.0% by mass or more.
- the antireflection film manufacturing method of the present invention includes a step of preparing any one of the above stampers and a workpiece, and the second surface shape is transferred to the surface of the workpiece using the stamper. Process.
- the photocurable resin in a state where a photocurable resin is applied between the stamper and the surface of the workpiece, the photocurable resin is cured, whereby the surface of the workpiece is Including a step of forming a photocurable resin layer to which the second surface shape is transferred.
- a method for manufacturing a stamper capable of forming an antireflection film (antireflection surface) having an antiglare function by a simpler process than before is provided.
- an antireflection film having an antiglare function better than the conventional one is provided.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of an antireflection film 10 formed on the surface of a substrate 11.
- FIG. (A) to (c) are schematic views for explaining a method of manufacturing a stamper for forming the antireflection film 10.
- (A)-(g) is typical sectional drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the stamper by embodiment of this invention.
- (A) And (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the shape of the recessed part 22b of the porous alumina layer 20a obtained by the manufacturing method of the stamper by embodiment of this invention.
- (A) is a figure which shows the SEM image of the surface of the stamper by this invention
- (b) is a figure which shows the SEM image of the surface of the anti-reflective film formed with the photocurable resin.
- (A) And (b) is the SEM image of the surface which performed the preliminary
- (A), (b), and (c) are SEM images of the surface that was pre-etched after anodizing an Al substrate having an Al content of more than 99.0% by mass.
- (A) And (b) is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the difference in the scattering effect by the shape of the convex part which an antireflection film has.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the model used for simulation.
- (A), (b) and (c) is a figure which shows the result of simulation.
- 3 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a porous alumina layer 40.
- an antireflection film according to an embodiment of the present invention a manufacturing method thereof, a stamper used for manufacturing the antireflection film, and a manufacturing method thereof will be described.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of the antireflection film 10 formed on the surface of the substrate 11.
- the base material 11 may be a polymer film such as TAC or PET, or may be a display panel such as a liquid crystal display device or a plasma display device.
- the base material 11 may be of any shape or material as long as it is a member that needs antireflection.
- the antireflection film 10 When viewed from the normal direction of the film, the antireflection film 10 includes a plurality of first protrusions 12a having a two-dimensional size of 1 ⁇ m or more and less than 100 ⁇ m and a plurality of two-dimensional sizes of 10 nm or more and less than 500 nm. 2nd convex part 12b. Note that the heights of the first convex portion 12a and the second convex portion 12b are both substantially equal to the two-dimensional sizes. Note that the two-dimensional size can be approximately expressed by the diameter of a circle.
- the second convex portion 12b is also formed on the first convex portion 12a and between the plurality of first convex portions 12a.
- the first convex portion 12a and the second convex portion 12b formed on the first convex portion 12a may be collectively referred to as a double convex portion 12c. Further, the surface having the first convex portion 12a and the second convex portion 12b may be referred to as an antireflection surface 12.
- the 1st convex part 12a exhibits an anti-glare function
- the 2nd convex part 12b comprises a moth eye structure, and exhibits an antireflection function.
- the structure constituted by the first protrusions 12a exhibiting the antiglare function may be referred to as an antiglare structure.
- the structure composed of is called an anti-glare structure.
- the antireflection film 10 or the antireflection surface 12 of the embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the rising angle ⁇ with respect to the film surface of the surface of the first convex portion 12a is about 90 ° or more.
- ⁇ is 90 ° or more, as will be described later, it has antiglare characteristics (8.5 or more in terms of haze value) superior to conventional antiglare layers.
- the same effect can be obtained even when the surface shape of the antireflection surface 12 shown in FIG. 1 is reversed with respect to the film surface.
- the surface shape obtained by inverting the surface shape shown in FIG. 1 can be formed by performing a transfer process described later once.
- the second protrusions 12b between the first protrusions 12a adjacent to each other are independently formed on the surface of the substrate 11, but the second protrusions between the first protrusions 12a are shown.
- the portion 12b may be formed integrally with the base layer.
- the antireflection layer 10 is preferably photocured in a state in which a photocurable resin (for example, acrylic resin) is applied between the base 11 and a stamper having a surface shape obtained by inverting the surface shape of the antireflection surface 12. It is formed by forming a photocurable resin layer on which the surface shape of the stamper is transferred on the surface of the base material 11 by curing the curable resin. At this time, if the force pressing the stamper on the surface of the base material 11 is sufficiently strong, the second convex portions 12b between the first convex portions 12a adjacent to each other are formed on the surface of the base material 11, as shown in FIG.
- a photocurable resin for example, acrylic resin
- the second protrusions 12b between the first protrusions 12a are formed integrally with the base layer.
- the surface between the adjacent first convex portions 12a may not be flat as illustrated, but may be concave.
- the rising angle ⁇ of the first convex portion 12a is preferably about 80 ° or more from the viewpoint of antiglare characteristics, and is preferably about 130 ° or less from the viewpoint of mold release property of the stamper in the transfer process. Moreover, in order to suppress diffraction etc., it is preferable that the several 1st convex part 12a is arranged irregularly.
- the second convex portion 12b that exhibits the antireflection function preferably includes a substantially conical convex portion, and preferably includes irregularly arranged convex portions.
- including the irregularly arranged convex portions includes not only the case where the arrangement of the second convex portions 12b is irregular over the entire surface of the antireflection film 10, but also in a partial region of the antireflection film. This includes a case where the arrangement of the second protrusions 12b is irregular. Further, the irregular arrangement means an arrangement having no periodicity.
- a convex part has a step-shaped side surface as described in patent document 3. As shown in FIG.
- stamper manufacturing method for forming the antireflection film 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the stamper manufacturing method of the present embodiment is based on the new knowledge obtained by the present inventors through experiments that the surface shape of the alumina layer formed by anodization varies depending on the purity of the Al base and the type of impurity element. . This knowledge will be described later with reference to experimental examples.
- an Al base material 21 having an Al content of 99.0% by mass or less is prepared.
- the Al base material 21 preferably contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Mg and Fe, and the total content of these elements is preferably 1% by mass or more.
- the Al base material 21 may further contain Si.
- a porous alumina layer having a plurality of fine recesses is formed by partially anodizing the Al base material 21 (surface portion). Subsequently, the porous alumina layer is brought into contact with an alumina etchant to enlarge a plurality of fine concave portions of the porous alumina layer, thereby forming the concave portions 22a.
- the recess 22a is formed when the Al base 21 is 99.0% by mass or less, particularly when it contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Mg and Fe, and the Al purity of the Al base is If it exceeds 99.0% by mass, the number of the recesses 22a decreases, and if it exceeds 99.5% by mass, it further decreases.
- the recesses 22a are formed when the porous alumina layer is first etched, and the number and size of the recesses 22a hardly change in the subsequent multiple etchings.
- the recesses 22a are irregularly distributed.
- the anodic oxidation step and the etching step are alternately performed a plurality of times, thereby forming a plurality of fine recesses 22b each having a stepped side surface in the porous alumina layer.
- the fine recess 22b is formed on the entire surface of the Al base 21 including the inner surface of the recess 22a.
- an Al base material 21 having a recess 22a is prepared.
- the recess 22a is omitted.
- a porous alumina layer 20 ' is formed by anodizing the Al substrate 21 partially (surface portion) under predetermined conditions.
- the size of the recess 22b, the generation density, the depth of the recess 22b, and the like can be controlled by the conditions of anodization (for example, the formation voltage, the type and concentration of the electrolytic solution, and the anodization time). Further, the regularity of the arrangement of the recesses 22b can be controlled by controlling the magnitude of the formation voltage.
- the conditions for obtaining a highly ordered array are (1) anodizing at an appropriate constant voltage unique to the electrolyte and (2) anodizing for a long time.
- the combination of the electrolytic solution and the formation voltage at this time is 28 V for sulfuric acid, 40 V for oxalic acid, and 195 V for phosphoric acid.
- the process (1) is the same, but the time required for anodizing is shortened as much as possible, and the porous alumina layer etching process and the anodizing process are alternately performed. Repeatedly.
- the thickness of the porous alumina layer 20 ' is preferably 200 nm or more from the viewpoint of reproducibility, and preferably 2000 nm or less from the viewpoint of productivity.
- FIG. 3C shows an example in which the porous alumina layer 20 ′ is completely removed, but the porous alumina layer 20 ′ may be partially removed (for example, from the surface to a certain depth).
- the removal of the porous alumina layer 20 ' can be performed by a known method, for example, by immersing the porous alumina layer 20' in a phosphoric acid aqueous solution or chromium phosphoric acid mixed solution for a predetermined time.
- anodic oxidation is again performed to form a porous alumina layer 20 having a recess 22b.
- the size of the recesses 22b, the generation density, the depth of the recesses 22b, the regularity of the arrangement, and the like are controlled.
- the porous alumina layer 20 having the recesses 22b is brought into contact with an alumina etchant to etch the pores of the recesses 22b by a predetermined amount.
- an alumina etchant to etch the pores of the recesses 22b by a predetermined amount.
- the amount of etching (that is, the size and depth of the recess 22b) can be controlled by adjusting the type / concentration of the etching solution and the etching time. For example, it is removed by dipping in a phosphoric acid aqueous solution or a chromium phosphoric acid mixed solution for a predetermined time.
- the Al substrate 21 is partially anodized again to grow the recess 22b in the depth direction and to thicken the porous alumina layer 20.
- the side surface of the recess 22b is stepped.
- the porous alumina layer 20 is further etched by bringing it into contact with an alumina etchant, thereby further expanding the hole diameter of the recess 22b.
- the porous alumina layer 20 having the concave portions 22b having a desired concave-convex shape is obtained.
- the step shape on the side surface of the recess 22b can be controlled along with the size and generation density of the recess 22b and the depth of the recess 22b.
- the arrangement of the recesses 22b has no periodicity (that is, irregular) in order to suppress the generation of diffracted light.
- periodicity means that the length of the sum of vectors (vector sum) from the center of gravity of a certain recess 22b to each center of gravity of all the recesses 22b adjacent to the recess 22b is 5 as the shortest vector length. % Or more, it can be said that it has substantially no periodicity.
- the period is preferably smaller than the wavelength of light.
- the distance between adjacent recesses is in the range of 100 nm to 200 nm, suppressing diffraction in the entire visible light wavelength range (380 nm to 780 nm).
- the stamper for forming the antireflection film is formed by inverting the desired uneven shape with high antireflection performance by controlling each factor contributing to the antireflection performance as described above, or the shape itself. It is sufficient to make it on the surface.
- the stamper obtained as described above can be used for mass production as it is.
- an electroforming method is used to produce a metal stamper (for example, Ni stamper) to which the surface uneven structure of the alumina layer is transferred, and an antireflection film is produced by using the metal stamper. It can also be done, but the cost is rather high.
- the use of anodization has the advantage that a stamper suitable for the production of an antireflection film can be obtained by a simple process and can be directly used for mass production.
- the stamper manufacturing method according to the present invention is also suitably used for manufacturing a stamper (for example, a roll) having a large area or a special shape.
- the stamper according to the embodiment of the present invention has a large specific surface area because the fine concave portion has a stepped side surface, and as a result, the effect of the surface treatment is strongly obtained.
- the transferability is improved by performing a release treatment on the surface of the stamper.
- an antifouling effect can be obtained by applying water / oil repellent treatment (for example, fluorine treatment) to the surface of the antireflection material.
- the antireflective material obtained using this stamper is less prone to light reflection (0th order diffraction) than the antireflective material having the same pitch and height because the fine convex portions have stepped side surfaces. It has the characteristics.
- the step of forming pores in the depth direction (arrow A1) by anodic oxidation (FIG. 3D) and the in-plane direction of the alumina layer by etching (arrow A2) By repeating the step of enlarging the hole diameter (Fig. 3 (e)) under the same conditions, it is composed of repetition of a certain level difference (height) (for 3 cells) and width (for 1 cell).
- a recess 22b having a stepped cross section is formed.
- the anodizing step and the etching step are repeated many times at short intervals, a substantially conical recess 22b can be obtained as illustrated. Further, as illustrated here, by finishing the anodizing step, the area of the bottom of the recess 22b can be reduced, that is, the recess 22b having a deepest point substantially can be obtained.
- the concavo-convex structure period for determining whether or not unnecessary diffracted light is generated can be controlled by the formation voltage during anodic oxidation.
- the depth (aspect ratio) of the concavo-convex structure can be controlled by the amount of pore formation by anodic oxidation and the amount of etching.
- the recess formation amount (depth) is made larger than the etching amount (opening size)
- a concavo-convex structure having a high aspect ratio is formed.
- the height (depth) of the concavo-convex structure of the antireflection material is important for improving the antireflection performance.
- the size (step and width) of the step is smaller than the wavelength, the antireflection material having the same pitch even if the arrangement of the concave portions 22b has periodicity. The diffraction (reflection) of light is less likely to occur.
- FIG. 5A shows an SEM image of the surface of the stamper obtained by the above-described method.
- FIG. 5B shows an SEM image of the surface of the antireflection film formed of a photocurable resin using the stamper obtained by the above method.
- an Al material having an Al content of 99.0% by mass or less was used as the Al base material 21.
- an Al material containing 0.6% by mass of Si, 0.7% by mass of Fe, and 1.5% by mass of Mn (Al content: 97.2% by mass, the total of Fe and Mn is 2. 2% by weight) was used.
- the size of the base material 21 was 100 mm square.
- a large number of recesses 22a of several ⁇ m are formed, and a plurality of recesses 22a are gathered in part to form recesses of 10 ⁇ m to several tens of ⁇ m.
- many fine recesses 22b are formed on the entire surface including the inner surface of the recess 22a.
- the concave portions 22a and the concave portions 22b are irregularly distributed.
- the antireflection film made of the photocurable resin shown in FIG. 5B has a two-dimensional shape as shown in FIG. 1 as a result of transferring the surface shape of the stamper composed of the recess 22a and the recess 22b.
- a plurality of first protrusions 12a having a typical size of 1 ⁇ m or more and less than 100 ⁇ m and a plurality of second protrusions 12b having a two-dimensional size of 10 nm or more and less than 500 nm are provided.
- the arrangement of the first protrusions 12a and the second protrusions 12b is irregular. Further, a characteristic shape having a rising angle of about 90 ° or more with respect to the film surface of the surface of the first convex portion 12a is clearly observed.
- a PET film (thickness: 100 ⁇ m) was used as the substrate 11 shown in FIG. Further, the surface of the stamper formed of anodized alumina was subjected to a release treatment (water repellency / oil repellency) with a fluorine-based release agent. An appropriate amount of an ultraviolet curable resin (acrylic resin) was applied onto the PET film using a syringe, and then bonded to a stamper using a laminator. Thereafter, the ultraviolet curable resin was cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays (365 nm, 1000 mW / cm 2 ) for 2 minutes, and the stamper was peeled off. Thus, the antireflection film 10 was formed on the surface of the PET film 11 as schematically shown in FIG.
- FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are SEM images of the surface subjected to preliminary etching after anodization of an Al base material having an Al content of 99.0% by mass or less
- FIGS. ) And (c) are SEM images of the surface that was pre-etched after anodizing an Al substrate having an Al content of more than 99.0% by mass.
- FIG. 6A is an SEM image obtained by observing the same one as shown in FIG. 5A at a low magnification.
- FIG. 6B shows 0.6 mass% of Si and 0.35 mass of Fe. %, An Al material containing 0.9% by mass of Mg (Al content: 98.15% by mass, the total of Fe and Mg is 1.25% by mass). It can be seen that even when an Al material containing Mg as an impurity element is used, many recesses 22a having a two-dimensional size of 1 ⁇ m or more and less than 100 ⁇ m are formed, almost as in the case of containing Mn.
- FIGS. 7A to 7C are high-purity Al materials having an Al content of 99.5% by mass, 99.85% by mass, and 99.999% by mass, respectively. Si and Fe.
- the number of recesses 22a decreases as the purity of Al increases.
- the concave portion 22a for forming the convex portion 12a exhibiting the antiglare function is replaced with the convex portion 12b constituting the moth-eye structure. It can be formed by substantially the same process as the recess 22b for forming the.
- a stamper was formed using each of the Al materials described above, an antireflection film made of an ultraviolet curable resin was produced using the stamper in the same manner as described above, and the haze value of the obtained antireflection film was evaluated.
- the haze value in the case of using an Al material having an Al content of 99.0% by mass or less as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 6 (a) was 8.75, whereas FIG.
- the Al content shown in (a) was 99.5% by mass and an Al base material not containing Mn and Mg was used, the haze value was as low as 3.13.
- the haze value in the case of using an Al substrate containing 99.5 mass% Al and containing Mn was 6.65.
- the antiglare function of the antireflection film is important for suppressing internal reflection in the display panel.
- the convex portion 12a as described above reflects light inside the display panel and can efficiently scatter the light emitted to the viewer side, so a relatively high haze. A value can be obtained.
- the convex portion 32a of the surface of the conventional antiglare layer has a gentle rise, and thus has a small function of scattering the internal reflection light.
- FIG. 9 (a) simulates the surface provided with the convex portion 12a provided in the antireflection film of the embodiment according to the present invention.
- the rising angle ⁇ of the convex portion 12a was 90 °.
- FIG. 9B simulates a sine wave shape of a typical conventional anti-glare layer, and the rising angle ⁇ is 15 °.
- the number of rays was set to 1000, and the light was incident perpendicular to the target plane.
- 10 (a) to 10 (c) show the simulation results.
- 10A to 10C the horizontal axis is the polar angle (angle from the surface normal), and the vertical axis is the luminous flux (intensity).
- FIG. 10A shows the hemispherical projections 12a (height H: 0.1, pitch P: 0.2, aspect ratio 1: 2: 2) shown in FIG. The result is shown.
- the light from the internal light source is scattered up to a range of about 48 ° polar angle, and the luminous flux itself at a position where the polar angle is large is also high, so the effect of scattering (diffusion) is large. I understand.
- the hemispherical convex portion 12a (height H: 0.1, pitch P: 0.4, aspect ratio: 1: 4) is sparse (about half the density of FIG. 10A). The result when arranged is shown. Even in this case, it can be seen that the light from the internal light source is scattered to a range of about 40 ° polar angle.
- FIG. 10C the convex portions 32a (height H: 0.05, pitch P: 0.4, aspect ratio: 1: 8) shown in FIG. 9B are arranged. Shows the results of the case. In this case, it can be seen that the light from the internal light source is scattered only up to a polar angle of 30 ° or less.
- the size of the convex portion 12a is preferably smaller than the pixel size when used as an antireflection film of a display panel, and is preferably 50 ⁇ m or less for TV applications. Moreover, if it is a mobile use, it is preferable that it is 10 micrometers or less.
- a stamper capable of forming an antireflection film (antireflection surface) having an antiglare function by a simpler process than before can be obtained.
- the stamper according to the present invention can be used for mass production as it is.
- the stamper manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention is also suitably used for manufacturing a stamper having a large area or a special shape (for example, a roll shape).
- the antireflection film of the embodiment of the present invention has a structure in which a moth-eye structure and an antiglare structure are superimposed, and has an antiglare function superior to that of the prior art.
- the antiglare effect and the antireflection effect can be further improved by adopting a configuration in which the convex portions constituting the moth-eye structure and the antiglare structure are irregularly arranged.
- the present invention can be used for any application where antireflection is desired, including optical elements such as display devices.
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Abstract
Description
電極-サンプル間距離:150mm(電極:Ptプレート)
陽極酸化条件:処理液:シュウ酸(0.05mol/L)
処理温度:3℃
電圧:80V、処理時間:1min
予備エッチング条件:処理液:燐酸(8mol/L)、処理温度:30℃
処理時間:90min
エッチング条件:処理液:燐酸(8mol/L)、処理温度:30℃
処理時間:20min
11 基材
12 反射防止表面
12a 第1凸部(アンチグレア構造)
12b 第2凸部(モスアイ構造)
Claims (13)
- 膜法線方向から見たときに、2次元的な大きさが1μm以上100μm未満である複数の第1凸部と2次元的な大きさが10nm以上500nm未満の複数の第2凸部とを有し、前記複数の第2凸部は前記複数の第1凸部の上および前記複数の第1凸部の間に形成されており、前記複数の第1凸部の表面の膜面に対する立ち上がり角が約90°以上である第1表面形状又は前記第1表面形状を膜面に関して反転させた第2表面形状を有する、反射防止膜。
- 前記複数の第2凸部は、略円錐形の凸部を含む、請求項1に記載の反射防止膜。
- 前記複数の第2凸部は、不規則に配列された凸部を含む、請求項1または2に記載の反射防止膜。
- 光硬化性樹脂から形成されている、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の反射防止膜。
- ヘイズ値が、8.5以上である、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の反射防止膜。
- 請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の反射防止膜を有する光学素子。
- 表面の法線方向から見たときに、2次元的な大きさが1μm以上100μm未満である複数の第1凸部と2次元的な大きさが10nm以上500nm未満の複数の第2凸部とを有し、前記複数の第2凸部は前記複数の第1凸部の上および前記複数の第1凸部の間に形成されており、前記複数の第1凸部の表面の膜面に対する立ち上がり角が約90°以上である第1表面形状又は前記第1表面形状を表面に関して反転させた第2表面形状を有する、スタンパ。
- 前記第2表面形状と実質的に同じ表面形状を有する陽極酸化アルミナ層を備える、請求項7に記載のスタンパ。
- 請求項7に記載のスタンパの製造方法であって、
(a)Alの含有量が99.0質量%以下のAl基材を用意する工程と、
(b)前記Al基材を部分的に陽極酸化することによって、複数の微細な凹部を有するポーラスアルミナ層を形成する工程と、
(c)前記ポーラスアルミナ層をアルミナのエッチャントに接触させることによって、ポーラスアルミナ層の複数の微細な凹部を拡大させる工程と
を包含する、スタンパの製造方法。 - 前記工程(b)および工程(c)を交互に複数回行うことによって、ポーラスアルミナ層にそれぞれが階段状の側面を有する複数の微細な凹部を形成する、請求項9に記載のスタンパの製造方法。
- 前記Al基材は、Mn、MgおよびFeからなる群から選択された少なくとも1つの元素を含む、請求項9または10に記載のスタンパの製造方法。
- 請求項7または8に記載のスタンパと、被加工物とを用意する工程と、
前記スタンパを用いて、前記被加工物の表面に前記第2表面形状を転写する工程と
を包含する、反射防止膜の製造方法。 - 前記スタンパと前記被加工物の前記表面との間に光硬化性樹脂を付与した状態で、前記光硬化性樹脂を硬化することによって、前記被加工物の前記表面に、前記第2表面形状が転写された光硬化性樹脂層を形成する工程を包含する、請求項12に記載の反射防止膜の製造方法。
Priority Applications (4)
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BRPI0913324A BRPI0913324A2 (pt) | 2008-06-06 | 2009-06-04 | película anti-reflexo, elemento óptico que compreende a película anti-reflexo, estampador, processo para a produção de estampador e processo para a produção de película anti-reflexo |
US12/992,705 US8758589B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2009-06-04 | Antireflection film, optical element comprising antireflection film, stamper, process for producing stamper, and process for producing antireflection film |
CN2009801143550A CN102016651B (zh) | 2008-06-06 | 2009-06-04 | 防反射膜和具备防反射膜的光学元件、压模和压模的制造方法以及防反射膜的制造方法 |
JP2010515781A JP4583506B2 (ja) | 2008-06-06 | 2009-06-04 | 反射防止膜、および反射防止膜を備える光学素子、ならびに、スタンパ、およびスタンパの製造方法、ならびに反射防止膜の製造方法 |
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JP2008-149052 | 2008-06-06 | ||
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102016651B (zh) | 2013-05-22 |
JPWO2009147858A1 (ja) | 2011-10-27 |
BRPI0913324A2 (pt) | 2015-11-17 |
US8758589B2 (en) | 2014-06-24 |
CN102016651A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
JP4583506B2 (ja) | 2010-11-17 |
US20110100827A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
RU2431161C1 (ru) | 2011-10-10 |
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