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WO2009138838A1 - 单环活塞环及其密封方法 - Google Patents

单环活塞环及其密封方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009138838A1
WO2009138838A1 PCT/IB2009/005516 IB2009005516W WO2009138838A1 WO 2009138838 A1 WO2009138838 A1 WO 2009138838A1 IB 2009005516 W IB2009005516 W IB 2009005516W WO 2009138838 A1 WO2009138838 A1 WO 2009138838A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ring
slit
sealing
groove
cylinder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2009/005516
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高敦华
Original Assignee
Gao Dunhua
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gao Dunhua filed Critical Gao Dunhua
Publication of WO2009138838A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009138838A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/12—Details
    • F16J9/14—Joint-closures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/10—Special members for adjusting the rings

Definitions

  • the engine is the core power in the fields of automobiles, ships, engineering, agriculture and forestry machinery, etc.
  • the sealing technology that affects engine power is the piston ring, the mechanism of establishing the piston ring, the innovation of the reduction ring, and the reduction of the multi-ring engine into a single-ring piston engine or material reciprocating Work machine.
  • the engine piston ring reduction is an effective aid to reduce friction, reduce wear, save resources, energy, reduce pollution, and exert potential to improve performance. Since the slit gap of the piston ring is not sealed, the ring is large, and the gap of the slit needs to be sealed by a three-ring or more gas ring, and it is difficult to reduce the ring.
  • Half a century ago foreign countries had reduced the ring from the three-ring diesel engine: Although the gap between the slits was narrowed, the ring of the double-ring diesel engine was reduced by 1% (M5% after the ring was leaked due to the end of the ring structure, and after the ring was reduced, the engine was no longer reduced. Ring.
  • the present invention realizes a reciprocating machine ring reduction, and provides a single ring piston engine and a reciprocating working machine, which have good sealing performance, energy saving, material reduction, and improved reciprocating machine performance.
  • the invention is realized by summarizing the mechanism of the piston ring, changing the structure: the air pressure sealing slit, increasing the cylinder pressure, reducing the multi-ring reciprocating machine into a single-ring piston engine and a reciprocating working machine; sealing the inner, outer and bottom of the ring groove
  • the three mechanical gaps on the side are not only the outer side of the conventional ring.
  • the gap between the ring and the sliding of the cylinder wall The inner side of the ring groove should also be sealed: a radial gap clearance of 3 ⁇ 4if to prevent high gas bypass Falling out of the circle, entering the ring backlash along the back groove of the ring groove, and forming a channel from the piston and the cylinder wall through the radial slit clearance at the bottom of the groove to reduce the cylinder pressure:
  • the oil in the guide line goes retrogradely upward into the combustion chamber;
  • the reciprocating machine does not change, the oil ring oil is not lifted; the pressure of the gas ring cylinder is increased, Reduce the multi-ring engine to a single-ring piston engine or a single-ring reciprocating machine.
  • 'Fig. 1 is a closed seal of the slit seal piston ring B in the cylinder
  • Fig. 2 is a 'radial stepped seal ring B closed in the cylinder bore ⁇ '
  • 3 is the front view of the slit seal pressure ring '
  • 'Fig. 4 is the slit view of the slit seal piston ring in the cylinder outside
  • ' Figure 5 is a sectional view of the working principle of the slit seal pressure ring in the single ring groove reciprocator' Fig. 6 It is a short piston diagram in a single ring groove engine.
  • the slit seal ring seals the piston to start;
  • Fig. 1 is the closed seal of the slit seal piston ring in the cylinder': Invention patent number: ZL96119166J;
  • the inner edge 4 overlaps the outer edge 5 radial slit closure, with air pressure sealing function to increase cylinder pressure, slit Seal the acute angle ⁇ ⁇ 10 ⁇ , or refer to ' Figure 2 is the radial stepped seal ring diagram': the slit has no acute angle: the inner diameter of the section of the ring is connected to the inner and outer radial slits at both ends, forming a radial inner and outer diameter arc step
  • Right angle cut inner edge 4 overlap outer 5 right angle cut radial close, air pressure seal radial cut, cylinder pressure increases;
  • Figure 1 slit seal average arc length is equal to Figure 2, medium diameter arc seal arc length, all optional
  • the bottom side ⁇ ring the same as the traditional ring material, the structure of the traditional ring is
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of the slit seal pressure ring, which features: The bottom gap is sealed by a two-piece ring of the bottom radial seal ring B and the upper axial pressure ring T: The outer side of the radial elastic seal ring of the ring: the air gap between the circumference of the ring and the sliding of the cylinder wall: the inside of the ring groove: the gap gap of the gas pressure seal leaking oil; the upper side of the ring groove: the axial pressure T ring elimination groove Bottom side clearance
  • FIG. 3 Axial pressure ring T front view': for a simple arch, axial pressure is generated in the groove, and the pressure ring B is pressed against the groove bottom Side; prevent the air ring from floating on the oil in the axial direction, the pressure is greater than the upward force of the ring group in the reciprocating motion, and maintain the thermal stability in the temperature rise of 400 'C gas; the pressure adjusts the axial thermal expansion gap and the ring at different speeds Vibration, vibration, rotation, impact force and noise of the buffer ring on the end face of the ring groove, and complementary to the outer ring circumference of the ring; the arched ring is economical and reliable; it is made of spring steel ring.
  • Figure 4 is a cut-away view of the slit-sealed piston ring in the outer cylinder cut-out;
  • Figure 5 is the single-ring engine 'cutting seal pressure ring' installed in the piston air ring groove D in the sealed cylinder section working diagram
  • the dotted line in the figure is gas, real
  • the line is the working sealing route diagram of the oil: the inner side 4 overlaps the outer side 5 radial slits close, the axial pressure ring ⁇ downward pressure ring ⁇ closes the bottom of the ring groove, and is elastically integrated with the piston in the up and down reciprocating motion.
  • FIG. 6 is a short piston diagram in a single-ring piston engine. 'The excess ring groove and the bank height have been subtracted. Only one air ring groove D has been lowered to the position of the piston's traditional minimum oil ring groove. On the bank, there is no oil return passage in the tank, and there is an oil return hole C outside the bottom of the tank.
  • ⁇ J piston engine in the slit seal ring B compared with the traditional open piston ring in the multi-ring engine: the traditional ring: the radial cut gap is not closed, only the outside of the ring groove can be sealed; the inner and bottom sides can not be sealed, common leakage, cylinder pressure Low pressure; reduced air leakage, reduced cylinder pressure, technical flaws to prevent leakage of oil, required multi-ring seal of gas ring refueling ring; slit seal ring B: radial slit closure with air pressure sealing function, forming a slit sealing pressure Ring, seal ring groove inside, outside, bottom three gaps, ⁇ J engine cylinder pressure increases, solve multi-ring engine, common leakage ⁇ , reduce air leakage and other cutting sealing technical problems.
  • Cylinder sealing function of working machine such as 3 ⁇ 4, especially reducing large-scale and heavy-duty marine diesel engines of four or more rings into single-ring diesel engines: piston ring cost reduction of 3/4; engine reduction of 75% friction power consumption improves mechanical efficiency and reduces wear; compact mechanism Reduce the weight of the machine, increase the speed and increase the power; Increase the pressure: Improve the efficiency of the heat engine, pressurize the combustion, suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides and harmful particulate matter, and control the emission pollution; save a lot of resources of the piston ring, piston, cylinder liner and the whole machine, Energy; Lightweight and low-carbon design, multi-ring engine development, reduced to single-ring piston engines and reciprocating work machines.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种用于发动机或往复工作机的单环活塞环及其密封方法。单环活塞环（B）位于活塞环槽内侧，可以密封其径向切口的间隙。单环活塞环（B）与压力环（T）一起配合可以密封活塞环槽的外侧环周与气缸壁之间的滑动间隙，并且密封活塞环槽侧向的机械间隙。该单环活塞环的优点在于可增强密封功能，节省机械加工步骤，并且减少成本。

Description

单环活塞环及其密封方法
技术领域
发动机是汽车、 船舶、 工程、农林机械等领域里的核心动力， 影响发动机 动力的密封技术是活塞环， 建立活塞环的机制， 革新减环， 将多环发动机减 化成单环活塞发动机或料往复工作机。
背景
发动机活塞减环， 是减少摩擦、 减轻磨损、 节省资源、 能源、 降低污染， 发挥潜力提髙性能的有效援施。 由于活塞环的切口间隙不密封， 环大， 切口 间隙 需三环以上气环加油坏多环密封， 难以减环。 半世纪前， 国外曾从 三环柴油机中减环： 虽縮小切口间隙， 由于环的结构末变， 切口漏气， 减环 后， 双环柴油机气缸压力下降 1(M5%, 此后， 发动机不再减环。
发明内容
基于现有减环技术的不足， 本发明实现往复机减环， 提供一种单环活塞发 动机和轉往复工作机， 其密封性好， 节能、 减材， 提高往复机性能。
本发明是这样实现的：总结活塞环的机制， 改 ^的结构：气压密封切口， 增加气缸压力， 将多环往复机减化成单环活塞发动机和往复工作机； 密封环 槽内、 外、 底侧所存在的三处机械间隙， 不仅按常规密 环的外側 ·· 环周与 缸壁滑动之间的间隙： 还应密封环槽内侧：活 ¾if的径向切口间隙，防止高 气绕过环周外倒， 沿环槽上倒隙进入环背隙， 经槽底径向切口间隙从活 塞与缸壁之间形成通道下泄， 降低气缸压力： 低压时引机油沿原路逆行向上 进入燃烧室；同时还需密封环槽底倒轴向倒面间擦，制止 ^if浮¾*1袖上窜 采用本发明后： 往复机不改动， 取消油环机油不上窜； 减少气环气缸压力增 加， 将多环发动机减化成单环活塞发动机或单环往复工作机。
附图说 ¾:单环发动机中活 Si : '图 1是切口密封活塞环 B在缸内切口闭合图'； <图 2是'径向阶梯切口密封环 B在缸内切口闭合圉' ; '图 3是切口密封压力 环前视图'； '图 4是切口密封活塞环在缸外切口张开图'； '图 5摘要图，是 单环槽往复机中切口密封压力环的工作原理剖面图 '图 6是单环槽发动机 中短型活塞图 ,。
具体实施方式： 面结合附图进一步阐述本发明 。
切口密封环密封 活塞发动; '图 1是切口密封活塞环在缸内切 口闭合图'： 发明专利号： ZL96119166J ; 内边 4搭接外边 5径向切口闭合， 具有气压密封功能增加气缸压力， 切口密封锐角 α <10β , 或参考 '图 2是 径向阶梯切口密封环图'：切口无锐角：环的一段中径圆弧两端联接内外径向 切口， 形成径向内外中径圆弧阶梯直角切口： 内边 4搭接外边 5直角切口径 向闭合， 气压密封径向切口， 气缸压力增加； 图 1、切口密封平均弧长约 等于图 2, 中径圆弧密封弧长， 皆可选作底侧 Β环： 与传统环的材料相同， 改革传统环的结构， 遵守标准间隙， 在缸内径向切口闭合， 气压密封切口， 阻止燃气从环槽内侧外泄； 群环龛中整体加工切口一次成型、 无需各环反复 修口、 余量少、 用材省， 工艺新、 工序少、 加工简易； 环的展开周长皆大于 环外径的周长， 用于外径磨损， 切口闭合保持气压密封。 ^if活塞发动机中切口密封压力环： 参考图 3是切口密封压力环前视图， 其特 征： 由底侧径向切口密封环 B和上侧轴向压力环 T两件组环密封三处间隙： 环的径向弹力密封环槽外侧： 环周与缸壁滑动之间的气隙：.环槽内侧： 气体 压力密封漏气窜油的切口间隙； 环槽上侧： 轴向压力 T环消除槽底侧面伺隙
(或加工 B环成碟形扭曲环压向槽底）防止浮动泵油。
单环活塞发动机中切口密封压力环上倒 T环的特征： 参考 '图 3轴向压力环 T 前视图'： 为简单拱形， 在槽中产生轴向压力， 压环 B贴紧环槽底侧； 防止 气环轴向浮动机油上窜， 压力大于往复运动中环组的向上合力， 在温升 400 'C燃气中， 仍保持热稳定性工作； 压力调节轴向热膨胀间隙和不同转速时环 的振动、 颤动， 转动， 缓冲环对环槽端面的冲击力和噪音等不利因素， 并可与 Β环互补外侧环周间隙；拱形 Τ环加工经济可靠；由弹簧钢环片制成。 图 4是切口密封活塞环在缸外切口张开图'；
单环活塞发动机中切口密封压力环的工作原理： 参考 "图 5是单环发动机中' 切口密封压力环'装在活塞气环槽 D中密封气缸剖面工作图 "： 图中虚线为燃 气， 实线为机油的工作密封路线图： 内边 4搭接外边 5径向切口闭合， 轴向 压力环 Τ向下压环 Β贴紧环槽底倒,在上下往复运动中与活塞弹性联成一体， 同步动作， 环槽上面燃气绕过外侧环周， 沿虚线： 从 Τ环上侧波缝之间进入 环背隙至槽底无外泄通道， 作用于切口内边 4贴紧外边 5, 加强气压密封增 加气缸压力； 环槽下的机油沿实线： 因环底被 Τ环压紧， 无向上泵油活动间 隙， 机油不上窜： 在环底外倒 油， 润清、 冷却， 改善工作条件， 并从回油 孔 C返回活塞内腔减少机油排放污染； 燃气和机油被单环槽中切口密封压 力环上、 下， 分隔密封。 切口密封压力环曾在 S195农用柴油机上側试： 减 环柴油机气缸压力增加、 摩擦阻力减少， 密封性能提高， 表现在： 减环柴油 机起动快， 容易着火、 油耗降低， 表明： 工作原理可信， 密封方法可靠。 单环活塞发动机中 M 活塞 图6是短型活塞图'： 已减去多余环槽和环岸 高度，仅有一道气环槽 D已降低到活塞传统最低油环槽的位置，槽上为顶岸， 槽内无回油通道， 槽底外倒有回油孔 C。
^J活塞发动机中切口密封环 B与多环发动机中传统开口活塞环比较： 传统 环：径向切口间隙不闭合， 仅可密封环槽外侧； 内侧和底侧不能密封，共性漏 气，气缸压力偏低；减环漏气，气缸压力下降，存在防止漏气窜油的技术臓， 需气环加油环多环密封； 切口密封环 B: 径向切口闭合具有气压密封功能， 组成一道切口密封压力环，密封环槽内、外、底倒三处间隙, ^J发动机气缸 压力增加， 解决多环发动机， 共性漏 ^、 减 i漏气等切口密封技术难题。 不 需改动发动机和往复工作机，仅需改变核心密封技术：装一道切口密封压力环 在气环槽中便可随时将普通多环发动机减化成单环活塞发动机和往复工作机； 发动机减环： 气缸压力增加， 可全面提升海、陆、 空， 大、小汽、柴油发动机和空压 机、压铸机、真空泵、？ ¾ 器等工作机气缸密封功能， 尤其将四环以上大型、 重 型船用柴油机减化成单环柴油发动机： 活塞环成本降低 3/4; 发动机减少 75% 摩擦功耗提高机械效率、减少磨损；紧凑机构，减轻机重、提高转速增加功率； 压力增加： 提高热机效率、增压燃烧， 抑制氮氧化物和有害微粒物产生， 治理 排放污染； 大量节省活塞环、活塞、缸套及整机的资源、 能源； 轻量化低碳设 计，将多环发动机跨越发展， 减化成单环活塞发动机和往复工作机。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. —种单环往复工作机， 尤其是单环活塞发动机， 密封气缸的方法， 萁特' 征: 密封环槽外侧环周与缸壁之间的滑动间隙； 密封环槽内侧活塞环的径向切口 间隙； 密封环槽底侧轴向侧面存在的三处机械间隙。
2.按照权利要求 1所说， 一种单环往复工作机， 尤其是单环活塞发动机， 密封 气缸的方法， 应用径向切口密封环， 并在环上加压， 组成一道切口密封压力 环， 其特征： 由底侧径向切口密封环 B和上侧轴向压力环 T两件组成。 或加工 B环成碟形扭曲环压向槽底， 防止浮动泵油， 单环完成密封。
.按照权利要求 2所述一种单环往复工作机， 尤其是单环活塞发动机， 密封气 缸的方法， 切口密封压力环上侧， 轴向压力环 T的特征： 为环状， 拱形， 在 环槽内产生轴向压力大于复往运动中， 切口密封环组的向上合力， 压力消除 环槽底侧隙， 防止气环轴向浮动机油上窜， 并与 B环互补环周间隙， 由热稳 定性髙的弹簧钢环片制成。
.按照权利要求 2所述， 一种单环往复工作机， 尤其是单环活塞发动机， 密封 气缸的方法， 切口密封压力环底侧， 切口密封活塞环的特征： 在缸内切口闭 合具有切口气压密封功能增加气缸压力；切口密封锐角 α <10° ,环的展开周 长大于环外径的周长用于外径磨损切口闭合延伸延长气压密封；
-按照权利要求 2所述一种单环往复工作机， 尤其是单环活塞发动机， 密封气 缸的方法， 切口密封压力环底侧， 径向阶梯切口密封活塞环的特征： 闭合的 中径圆弧切口约等于传统环的自由开口间隙， 中径切口两端与内、 外两条径 向切口垂直联接形成 中径圆弧阶梯切口密封活塞环。 在缸内中径圆弧切口 闭合具有气压密封功能增加气缸压力； 环的一段中径圆弧加长环的展开周长 用于外径磨损切口闭合延伸延长气压密封。
.按照权利要求 1所说一种单环往复工作机， 尤其是单环活塞发动机， 密封气 缸是在多环发动机的气环槽中装一道切口密封压力环,燃气和机油被单环槽， 上、 下， 分隔密封， 将多环机， 减化成单环活塞发动机或单环往复工作机； 若紧凑机构： 减少活塞头部多环的空间成短型活塞其特征： 仅一道气环槽己 降低到原油环槽最低的位置， 槽上为顶岸， 槽内无回油通道， 槽底外倒环周 有回油孔 C, 短活塞同时缩短缸套、 缸体、 紧凑往复传动机构。
PCT/IB2009/005516 2008-05-15 2009-04-16 单环活塞环及其密封方法 WO2009138838A1 (zh)

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