WO2009083282A1

WO2009083282A1 - Safety device for fire-fighting facilities

Info

Publication number: WO2009083282A1
Application number: PCT/EP2008/062995
Authority: WO
Inventors: Cedomir Tomovski
Original assignee: Fogtec Brandschutz Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2007-12-21
Filing date: 2008-09-29
Publication date: 2009-07-09
Also published as: DE102007062837A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a safety device for fire-fighting facilities. To prevent extinguishing fluid escaping uncontrolled by error it is proposed that a throughflow safety contrivance be provided between the terminal pieces.

Description

Protective device for firefighting systems

The application relates to a protective device for firefighting systems with a main extinguishing fluid line and extinguishing nozzles. The application also relates to a firefighting system with such a protective device.

Firefighting systems are nowadays often installed as widely distributed piping systems. Here, with a corresponding piping, a large building or a tunnel is connected to a quenching fluid reservoir or an extinguishing fluid pump. In case of fire, by means of a pump, for example a high pressure pump, extinguishing fluid is forced under pressure through the pipes and discharged from the extinguishing nozzles. In particular, extinguishing nozzles that produce finely divided water mist under high pressure have been found to be particularly advantageous. The extinguishing nozzles can be formed as extinguishing nozzle heads with nozzle inserts. These nozzle inserts in the extinguishing nozzle heads can be formed in such a way that finely distributed mist droplets are applied, which rapidly cool the source of the fire and the volume surrounding the source of the fire and thus achieve a good firefighting result.

Especially in tunnels, branches branch off from the main extinguishing fluid lines to the subdistributions (area distributions) connected to the Extinguishing nozzles are connected, connect. At a branch, a sub-distribution for example, three or more extinguishing nozzles may be provided. It is also possible to provide branches so that they branch to more or less than three extinguishing nozzles. The sub-distributions are usually easily accessible and can be maintained and repaired with less effort than the main extinguishing fluid lines.

Currently there are no solutions to prevent uncontrolled leakage of extinguishing fluid in case of damage to the main extinguishing fluid line. Therefore, the application was based on the object to provide a protection device for the main extinguishing fluid line. In particular, the application was based on the object to provide a firefighting system available, which still provides sufficient enough extinguishing fluid at the source in case of damage.

The previously indicated and derived object is achieved according to the application by a protective device for fire fighting systems, which has a first connected to a main extinguishing fluid line connector. In addition, the protective device may have a second connection piece connected to at least one extinguishing nozzle. In order to prevent an uncontrolled leakage of extinguishing fluid in the event of damage, it is proposed that between the first connection piece (5) and the second connection piece (7), a flow safety device (12) is arranged, such that the flow safety device (12) at an upper Fluid flow rate, the connection between the main extinguishing fluid line (4) and extinguishing nozzle (8) interrupts.

An uncontrolled tearing off of a divisional pipe can result in an open pipe cross section. This can be such a large outlet opening that the flow resistance is significantly lower than that of the nozzles in the area affected by the damage or other areas. As a result, so much extinguishing water leaks through the damaged opening that insufficient water (extinguishing fluid) is available at the remaining nozzles in order to ensure a pressure at these nozzles which is necessary for effective fire fighting.

In order to prevent that in case of damage to the branching of the main extinguishing fluid branching subdivision (area distribution) or the bursting of a predetermined breaking body uncontrolled leaking extinguishing fire makes it difficult or impossible elsewhere, according to an advantageous embodiment between the main extinguishing fluid line and subdistribution or extinguishing nozzle formed a flow safety be. With the help of the flow protection, it is possible to prevent leakage of extinguishing fluid within a short time. The flow control can interrupt the connection between the main extinguishing fluid line and the sub-distribution, the extinguishing nozzle and / or the predetermined breaking body at an upper fluid flow rate. It is possible that the fluid flow rate may be defined at which it can be assumed that the predetermined breaking body is broken or the sub-distribution is damaged. When this flow rate is reached, the connection between the main extinguishing fluid line and sub-distribution and / or predetermined breaking body and / or extinguishing nozzle can be interrupted.

Normally (retirement) no extinguishing fluid flows through the flow safety device. In case of fire (activation state) open the extinguishing nozzles and the fluid reservoir or pumps are activated and it flows extinguishing fluid through the main extinguishing fluid line and the sub-distributions to the extinguishing nozzles from which it is discharged. By providing nozzle inserts in the extinguishing nozzles, a defined amount of fluid exits the extinguishing nozzles. The defined amount of fluid of all nozzles at least in the activated area, in particular of the nozzles, which are arranged hydraulically downstream of the flow-through protection, must be below the upper fluid flow rate, at which the connection between the main extinguishing fluid line and sub-distribution is interrupted by the flow control. In the case of destroying the predetermined breaking body or the damage of the sub-distribution occurs so much quenching fluid that the upper fluid flow rate is exceeded. In this case, the flow control should close because no further extinguishing fluid should leak.

A simple mechanical design of the flow control can be achieved according to an advantageous embodiment, characterized in that the flow control has a tapered in the direction of flow bolts. This bolt can, for example, by a spring in a desired position be held. The spring force may be such that, as long as the upper fluid flow rate is not reached, the bolt remains substantially maintained at the desired position. If the flow rate exceeds the upper fluid flow rate, the spring force can be overcome and the tapered pin can be pressed against a corresponding counterpart in the flow safety device, so that a flow of fluid is prevented.

In order to ensure a closure of the bolt in the event of rupture of the predetermined breaking body, the flow safety according to an advantageous embodiment, the bolt corresponding inner wall, so that the bolt can fit tightly when the spring force is overcome. For example, the inner wall may have a bolt receiving, also in the flow direction tapered shoulder. When overcoming the spring force, the bolt can be pressed tightly against the inner wall, which can prevent a flow of extinguishing fluid.

According to an advantageous embodiment, it is proposed that the bolt is pressed against the inner wall upon reaching the upper fluid flow rate.

In order to prevent the bolt from slipping or tilting when displaced in the flow safety device, it is proposed that the bolt be forcibly guided parallel to the flow direction. For example, the bolt in a cylindrical portion, for example, the annular space between bolts and Inner wall, which does not taper, are held by O-rings in the flow safety device. For example, it is possible that the flow control has a provided in the non-tapered part inner diameter which is slightly larger than the outer diameter in the cylindrical part of the bolt. In the annular space between the bolt and the inner wall then one or more O-rings can be provided, which force the bolt on the one hand and on the other hand seal.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the bolt may be piston-shaped. In this sense, the bolt may be tapered in an upper portion and cylindrical in a lower portion. The shape of the bolt can be simulated by the inner wall of the flow safety device with a slightly larger diameter. If the bolt moves in the direction of flow, ^{• it} can then fit tightly against the inner wall of the flow safety device.

In order to achieve that fluid communication between inlet and outlet of the flow safety device is possible despite sealing the bolt in the annular space between the bolt and the inner wall of the flow control through the aforementioned O-rings, it is proposed that the bolt is hollow cylindrical, wherein in the region of the tapered Circumference of the bolt openings are formed between the inside and the outside of the bolt. Extinguishing fluid may flow in the flow direction along the tapered portion and then through the openings into the interior of the bolt. If the flow rate exceeds the upper extinguishing fluid flow rate, the bolt may be pressed against the inner wall of the flow restrictor and the ports may be closed. Then, a fluid communication between the inlet and outlet of the flow control is prevented.

The protective device can have a predetermined breaking body arranged between the connecting pieces. Also, the predetermined breaking body can substantially prevent a power transmission between the second connecting piece and the main extinguishing fluid line.

It has also been recognized that the most common cause of

Damage to the main extinguishing fluid lines is that forces are introduced into the sub-distributions and these forces on the connectors in the

Hauptlöschfluidleitung be transferred. In tunnels it can happen that trucks touch the subdivisions and thus a great force in the

Hauptlöschfluidleitung is initiated. The

Primary extinguishing fluid lines can thereby burst or crack.

The protective device is intended to prevent forces from the area piping being transferred in the form of the main extinguishing fluid line in an accident in an accident that it is damaged. This damage could result in so much fluid escaping that insufficient fluid is available for the areas to be planned. If the main extinguishing fluid line breaks, it may no longer be able to bring the fluid to the actual fire area with sufficient pressure. The extinguishing nozzles activated there are no longer supplied with sufficient fluid, making firefighting difficult or even impossible. Since the main extinguishing fluid line has a large diameter, a large amount of extinguishing fluid leaks out of the main extinguishing fluid line, and the fluid pressure is drastically broken. Therefore, damage to the main extinguishing fluid lines must be prevented. In addition, considerable damage can be caused by escaping extinguishing fluid, for example water.

The protective device can be arranged in front of or behind the range valve {sub-distribution). But it is also possible to dispense with a range valve.

The application therefore proposes to arrange a predetermined breaking body between the connecting pieces. This can be formed so that it separates the two connecting pieces from each other during bursting, such that the extinguishing fluid can no longer flow from the first into the second connecting piece. The predetermined breaking body can be formed such that it breaks when a force enters the second connector. For example, the predetermined breaking body may be formed such that a defined force may not be exceeded without breaking the predetermined breaking body. The introduced force may be a shearing force, a torsional force, a tensile force, a compressive force or some other force. The predetermined breaking body can be designed so that different forces at different force vectors may be required until the predetermined breaking body breaks. As soon as the predetermined breaking body is broken, a force entry into the main extinguishing fluid line is no longer possible. The frangible body is designed to break before the main extinguishing fluid line can be damaged.

According to an advantageous embodiment, it is proposed that the predetermined breaking body substantially prevents a force transmission between the second connecting piece and the main extinguishing fluid line. In this case, the predetermined breaking body can have defined breaking conditions in which it breaks. The fracture conditions can be dependent on the magnitude of the force as well as the force vector.

It is proposed that the predetermined breaking body is formed integrally with the connecting pieces. For example, it is possible to form the fittings together with the predetermined breaking body as an assembly, so that in case of damage, this assembly can be easily replaced.

It is also possible that the predetermined breaking body is formed from a different material from the fittings. For example, it is possible that the connecting pieces are formed of a more elastic material than the predetermined breaking body. The predetermined breaking body may for example be formed of a brittle material, which breaks at low force entry. It is also possible to provide the predetermined breaking body, for example, with a predetermined breaking point. For example, along the breaking point the wall thickness of a pipe of the predetermined breaking body to be reduced.

To simplify, for example, a mounting, without breaking the predetermined breaking body, it is proposed that the predetermined breaking body is formed of a flexible material. However, the flexible material may be formed so that it breaks at a defined application of force, so that the force is reliably prevented in the Hauptlöschfluidleitυng.

In order to make the predetermined breaking body easy to install during assembly, it is proposed that the predetermined breaking body is formed as part of a fitting. Such a fitting, for example an adapter, can be easily arranged between the main extinguishing fluid line and the sub-distribution during assembly.

In order to be able to serve a large number of extinguishing nozzles with extinguishing fluid in the event of a fire, it is proposed to connect the extinguishing nozzles to sub-distributors which are connected to the main extinguishing-fluid line. According to an advantageous embodiment, it is proposed that the second connecting piece is connected via a line distributor with the at least one extinguishing nozzle. The line distributor can be, for example, a distributor which branches the connection piece to two or more lines. The extinguishing nozzles can then be connected to these lines.

According to another object of the application is proposed that a fire-fighting system with a Protective device, as described above, is equipped. The fire fighting system may include a main extinguishing fluid line and a plurality of extinguishing nozzles. The firefighting system can be arranged for example in a tunnel, since in these applications in particular the main extinguishing fluid line must be protected from damage. Since the main extinguishing fluid line, especially in tunnels, extends over several meters or even several kilometers, damage to these must be necessarily prevented.

A protective device for industrial plants would also be possible as an independent design. This could be a gas line, in particular a

Extinguishing gas line to be protected by a flow safety device. A first connector connected to a main conduit could be provided. A second fitting connected to at least one outlet could also be provided. Arranged between the first connector and the second connector could be provided a flow safety, such that the flow safety device interrupts the connection between the main line and outlet at an upper flow rate. This protective device could be combined with all features of the present application.

The subject of the application will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing showing embodiments. In the drawing show:

1 shows a firefighting system in a tunnel; Fig. 2 is a view of a protective device;

Fig. 3a, b is a sectional view of a flow safety device.

FIG. 1 shows a tunnel 2. In the tunnel 2, a plurality of sub-distributions 10a-c are supplied with extinguishing fluid via a main extinguishing fluid line 4. The main extinguishing fluid line 4 is connected to at least one fluid reservoir (not shown) and / or at least one high pressure pump (not shown). In case of fire, at least one extinguishing nozzle responds. The extinguishing nozzle can be configured, for example, as extinguishing nozzle head 8. In this case, one or a plurality of nozzle inserts may be provided in the extinguishing nozzle head. The nozzle inserts can be designed to produce a fine fluid mist. This is especially possible when using high pressure, in particular about 50 bar. Also, the nozzle heads 8 may be designed as sprinklers or deluge heads.

A fire can be detected, for example, by fire detectors or by a pressure drop in the main extinguishing fluid line 4.

In the first case, the piping may be "dry". This means that in the normal case (idle state) no extinguishing fluid is present in the pipes of the area distributions. Only in the main extinguishing fluid line is extinguishing fluid also present in the idle state. For example, if a fire is detected, the fluid reservoir or pumps, for example High pressure accumulator or high pressure pumps, activated by fire detectors {activation state). Extinguishing fluid flows through the casing to the activated areas and exits from the extinguishing nozzle heads 8 arranged there.

In the second case, the piping may already be filled with fluid in the idle state. The extinguishing nozzle head 8 responds in case of fire and extinguishing fluid exits the extinguishing nozzle head 8. By the discharge of the extinguishing fluid from the extinguishing nozzle head, the fluid pressure in the main extinguishing fluid line 4 decreases, which can be detected by a corresponding sensor (not shown). A pressure drop can be evaluated as a fire and the high pressure pump then drives extinguishing fluid under high pressure, for example, about 50 bar, in the main extinguishing fluid line. Thereupon extinguishing fluid is discharged from all or part of extinguishing nozzle heads 8, in particular, finely dispersed extinguishing mist can be applied for rapid cooling of the fire.

In the case of an accident or other impairment of the sub-distribution 10a, 10b, 10c, it may happen that forces on the piping of the sub-distribution 10 is introduced into the main extinguishing fluid line 4. These forces can cause the main extinguishing fluid line 4 to crack or even break.

Damage to the main extinguishing fluid line 4 can lead to an uncontrolled outflow of extinguishing fluid. This can result in firefighting At a point other than the breaking point in case of fire insufficient fluid could be available.

In addition, a significant amount of quenching fluid may escape from the main quench fluid line 4 until it is determined that there is no fire, but leakage in the main quench fluid line.

It should therefore be prevented that e.g. a crashed truck damaged the area piping in such a way that in the affected area significantly more fluid can escape, as would be the case if fluid would escape exclusively through the extinguishing nozzles 8. In such a case, correspondingly less fluid would be available for the supply of other activated areas, ie areas in which a fire is detected and combated. In an extreme case, almost all of the fluid provided by the fluid supply could exit via a ruptured zone piping. The fluid could only leak to a very small extent via the small openings in the nozzle inserts in other areas.

In addition, the escaping extinguishing fluid can lead to considerable damage.

For the reasons mentioned above, it must be prevented that the main extinguishing fluid line 4 breaks due to an introduction of force into the subdistributions 10. Therefore, guards 6a, b, c are provided between the subdistributions 10 and the main extinguishing fluid line 4. Such a protective device 6 formed as a flow safety device 12 is shown schematically, for example, in FIG. FIG. 2 shows a first connection piece 5, a flow safety device 12, a predetermined breaking body 14, a second connecting piece 7, a line distributor 16, and branches 18 a - c. Via the branches 18a-c, extinguishing fluid can be transported from the first connection piece 5, via the flow safety device 12, the predetermined breaking body 4, the second connection piece 7 and the line distributor 16, to extinguishing nozzle heads 8.

If it comes to the large forces in the branches 18 or the manifold 16 or the second connector 7 are introduced, for example in an accident or improper handling, the protection device 6 must ensure that on the first connector 5 only harmless forces in the main extinguishing fluid line. 4 be introduced. For this reason, the predetermined breaking body 14 is provided. Join the second connector 7 tensile, compressive, shear, torsional or other forces that are greater than the amount and its direction, as determined by predetermined parameters, breaks the breaking body 14. Here, a defined fracture condition by a suitable choice of material and / or the provision of predetermined breaking points in the predetermined breaking body 14 are determined. When the predetermined breaking body 14 breaks, a further force input via the first connecting piece 5 into the main extinguishing fluid line 4 is avoided. Damage to the main extinguishing fluid line 4 is thus prevented. If there is damage or rupture of the predetermined breaking body 14 by a force input via the second connecting piece 7, so occurs in the activation case, in other words in the case in which the corresponding area reports a fire alarm, first extinguishing fluid unhindered from the destroyed predetermined breaking body 14. To prevent this, in particular to prevent the fluid pressure from breaking through the damage in such a way that at other locations, for example, extinguishing nozzles in other areas, no sufficient pressure is applied and only very little if not even no more fluid discharged is, the flow control 12 is provided.

A possible embodiment of the flow safety 12 is shown in Figures 3a, 3b. FIG. 3 a shows a flow safety device 12 with a housing 20, which has an inner wall and an outer wall. In the housing 20, a bolt 22 is arranged. The bolt 22 has a tapered portion 28. Furthermore, the bolt 22 has a cylindrical portion 29. In the area between the cylindrical portion 29 and the tapered portion 28, the bolt 22 may have 26 holes. The bores 26 may lead from the outer surface of the bolt 22 in the interior of the bolt 22. In the interior of the bolt 22 in the region of the cylindrical portion 29, a cavity 24 may be provided. The bolt 22 may be held by a spring force or other type of force 34 in the position shown in FIG. Via O-rings 30, the bolt 22 can be held centrally in the housing 20. In the case of fire (activation state) open the extinguishing nozzle heads 8 and extinguishing fluid enters the flow direction 32 through the gap between the housing 20 and pin 22 in the region of the tapered portion 28 via the holes 26 flows Extinguishing fluid into the cavity 24 and can escape from the bolt 22 and the flow safety device 12 in the direction of the connecting piece 7. The water pressure is in case of fire such that the force 34 is not overcome and the bolt 22 is pressed only slightly in the direction of flow 32.

In the case of rupture of the predetermined breaking body 14, a large amount of extinguishing fluid exits from the predetermined breaking body 14. The bolt 22 is then, as shown in Figure 3b, moved to a closed position. In Figure 3b, the same flow guard 32 is shown as in Figure 3a and like reference numerals refer to like elements. Unlike in FIG. 3 a, the bolt 22 has been displaced in the direction of the flow direction 32 in FIG. 3 b.

This shift can be caused by the fact that the extinguishing fluid has leaked unhindered from a broken predetermined breaking body 14. This unimpeded leakage causes the water pressure in the flow direction 32 presses the bolt 22 against the force 34, so that the bolt 22 is moved to the position shown in Figure 3b. In this position, the tapered portion 28 of the bolt 22 is located at the Inner wall of the housing 20 of the flow safety device 12, extinguishing fluid can no longer flow through the gap between the inner wall of the housing 20 and outer wall of the bolt 22 through the openings 26 into the cavity 24. Rather, the extinguishing fluid is prevented by the voltage applied to the housing 20 pin 22 at the flow. An escape of extinguishing fluid from the predetermined breaking body 14 can thus be safely avoided.

The illustrated arrangement of a predetermined breaking body 14 between two connecting pieces 5, 7 can be prevented that a main extinguishing fluid line 4 is damaged by force entries.

Claims

claims

1. Protection device for firefighting systems with

a first connection piece (5) connected to a main extinguishing fluid line (4),

- A second connected to at least one extinguishing nozzle (8) connecting piece (7), and

- One between the first connector (5) and the second connector {7) arranged flow safety device (12), such that the flow safety device (12) at an upper fluid flow rate, the connection between the main extinguishing fluid line (4) and extinguishing nozzle (8) interrupts.

2. Protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow safety device (12) has a in the flow direction (32) tapered pin (22).

3. Protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the flow safety device (12) has a bolt (22) corresponding inner wall.

4. Protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that the bolt (22) upon reaching the upper fluid flow rate is pressed against the inner wall.

5. Protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the bolt (22) is forcibly guided parallel to the flow direction (32}.

6. Protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the bolt (22) is at least partially piston-shaped.

7. Protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that the bolt (22) is hollow cylindrical, wherein formed in the region of the tapered circumference (28) of the bolt (22) openings (26} between the interior and the exterior of the bolt (22} are.

8. Protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that between the Anschlusstücken a predetermined breaking body (14) is arranged.

9. Protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that the predetermined breaking body (14) is a power transmission between the second connecting piece

(7) and the main extinguishing fluid line (4) substantially prevented.

10. Protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that the predetermined breaking body (14) is integrally formed with the connecting pieces (5,7).

11. Protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that the predetermined breaking body (14) is formed from one of the connecting pieces (5,7) different material.

12. Protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that the predetermined breaking body (14) is formed of a flexible material.

13. Protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that the predetermined breaking body (14) is formed as part of a fitting.

14. Protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that the second connecting piece (7) via a line distributor (16} with the at least one extinguishing nozzle (8) is connected.

15. Fire-fighting system with a protective device according to claim 1, a main extinguishing fluid line (4) and a plurality of extinguishing nozzles (8) in a tunnel (2).