WO2008145640A1

WO2008145640A1 - Electromagnetic exhaust-gas turbocharger

Info

Publication number: WO2008145640A1
Application number: PCT/EP2008/056439
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andre Kaufmann; Markus KLÖPZIG; Achim Koch; Markus Wilke
Original assignee: Continental Automotive Gmbh
Priority date: 2007-05-31
Filing date: 2008-05-27
Publication date: 2008-12-04
Also published as: DE102007025550A1; DE102007025550B4

Abstract

Electromagnetic exhaust-gas turbocharger (200) having a first and second electric machine (205, 206), wherein the first electric machine (205) has a first shaft (203) which is connected to a turbine (201), an interrotor (214) and a first stator (209), and the second electric machine (206) has a second shaft (204) which is connected to a compressor (202). Here, the interrotor (214) and the second shaft (204) form a common component.

Description

description

Electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger

The invention relates to an electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger.

To increase the power density of internal combustion engines so-called exhaust gas turbochargers are used. As part of such an exhaust gas turbocharger, on the one hand, a turbine is placed in the exhaust gas stream of the internal combustion engine and, on the other hand, a compressor is arranged in the supply air duct of the same internal combustion engine. The enthalpy contained in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine is used with the aid of the exhaust gas turbocharger for compression of the fresh air of the internal combustion engine.

Classic turbochargers have a direct mechanical connection between the turbine placed in the exhaust gas stream and the compressor arranged in the supply air duct of the internal combustion engine. For example, the turbine and the

Compressor with a common axis be mechanically interconnected. With such a construction of an exhaust gas turbocharger, the compressor power is directly proportional to the enthalpy present in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. This has the consequence that at a low speed of the internal combustion engine, in which only a small enthalpy is present in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine, and the compressor power of the exhaust gas turbocharger is low. This leads to a low power development of such a supercharged combustion engine in the lower speed range. This power deficit is commonly known as a so-called turbo lag.

To compensate for the turbo lag, various measures are known in the art. For example, the blades of the compressor or turbine may be mechanically adjustable so as to adapt the turbocharger to different operating conditions of the internal combustion engine. A further terhin generally known from this prior art measure is to integrate flaps (waste gate) in the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine to limit the compressor power at high speeds of the internal combustion engine. However, the measures mentioned do not lead to a fundamental change in the substantially proportional dependence of the compressor output of the exhaust gas turbocharger on the enthalpy present in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine.

The dependence of the compressor capacity of the exhaust gas turbocharger on the enthalpy present in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine can only be canceled by another component additionally supplied with energy. For example, the compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger can be additionally driven by an electric motor. Turbochargers, which are additionally supported by electrical energy, are also referred to as so-called e-booster.

Such e-booster have the advantage that the electric power supplied to the exhaust gas turbocharger is freely controllable, and so the compressor power, including the compressor power in the lower speed range of the internal combustion engine, is freely adjustable.

However, the direct electrical drive of the compressor of a turbocharger has a decisive disadvantage. Since compressor and turbine are mechanically connected directly to each other, the additional electrical energy supplied to the compressor also influences the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine. In order to avoid such influencing, another electrically operated compressor can be integrated into the supply air duct of the internal combustion engine. However, such a measure represents an additional design effort, which is also associated with additional costs.

Alternatively, there are completely electric turbochargers, which are constructed such that a turbine in the exhaust stream the internal combustion engine is placed, which drives an electric generator. The existing in the supply air duct of the internal combustion engine compressor is connected to an electric motor. The electric motor is powered by electrical energy provided by the generator. The

Transmission of the energy which is taken from the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine takes place only by electrical means. Consequently, it is necessary to use correspondingly powerful converters for the generator and the electric motor. However, such inverters have limited efficiency and add to the overall cost of the system. Furthermore, such a discrete design claimed additional volume in the engine compartment.

Object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas turbocharger, which is improved in relation to the existing technical problems in the prior art.

The object according to the invention is achieved by the measures indicated in claim 1.

The invention is based on the following consideration: For energy transmission between a turbine present in the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine and a compressor present in the supply air duct of the internal combustion engine, both magnetic and inductive / electrical interaction between the two components should be utilized.

According to the invention, an electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger is specified which has a first and a second shaft. The first shaft should be mechanically connected to a driven by an exhaust gas turbine. The second shaft should be mechanically connected to a compressor. Furthermore, the electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger on a first and a second electric machine. The first electric machine comprises at least a first rotor, which comprises at least the first shaft, an interrotor and a first stator. The first stator encloses the interrotor, and this in turn encloses the first rotor each with the formation of an annular gap. The second electric machine comprises at least a second stator and a second rotor, which in turn comprises at least the second shaft. The interrotor and the second rotor form a common component, and the first and second electric machines are electrically connected to each other.

The advantages associated with the measures according to the invention are to be seen in particular in that an exhaust gas turbocharger can be specified, which has a compact design, compared with completely electric exhaust gas turbochargers smaller dimensioned inverter or a smaller-sized control technology for electrical energy transmission needs, and at the same time the free controllability of having electric turbocharger. Thus, the operating points for the turbine and the compressor can be freely controlled, and optionally adjusted optimally.

Advantageous embodiments of the electromagnetic turbocharger according to the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims of claim 1. In this case, the embodiment according to claim 1 with the features of, preferably combined with those of several subclaims. Accordingly, the electromagnetic turbocharger may still have the following features:

The first electric machine may be designed in the manner of a claw pole machine.

The magnetic north and south poles of the claw pole machine may be formed by claw end portions that extend alternately in opposite axial directions. The stator winding of the first electric machine may be enclosed by a U-profile which is open on the rotor side and which has stator side parts which extend in the radial direction. The stator side parts, together with the claw end parts, are part of a magnetic flux. ses. The stator side parts and the claw end parts are mechanically discrete, but separate components lead to a common magnetic flux. The U-profile may also be part of the first stator, wherein the Klauenendteile are part of the inter-rotor. By means of an embodiment of an exhaust-gas turbocharger according to the preceding embodiment, it can be achieved that no torques act between the stator and the inter-rotor.

The claw end parts forming the north magnetic poles and the claw end parts forming the south magnetic poles can each be connected to a disk-shaped side part. The stator side portions, the disk-shaped side portions, and the claw end portions may be part of a common magnetic flux. Mechanically, the aforementioned components are discrete, i. run separately. However, the components carry a common magnetic flux. The U-profile may be part of the first stator. The disk-shaped side parts and the claw end parts may be part of the inter-rotor. By connecting the claw end parts to the disc-shaped side parts, the magnetic coupling between the claw end parts can be improved.

- The first rotor may be formed in the manner of a permanent-magnetically excited synchronous machine. Advantageously, an exhaust gas turbocharger configured in this way has a high power density with a low mass moment of inertia and high efficiency.

The first rotor may be designed in the manner of a reluctance machine. An exhaust gas turbocharger configured in this way advantageously has a low mass moment of inertia and is suitable for high operating temperatures.

The first rotor may be designed in the manner of an asynchronous machine. Advantageously, such an exhaust gas turbocharger on a mechanically stable rotor, which is particularly suitable for high speeds.

The magnetic north and south poles of the claw pole machine may be formed by claw end portions that extend alternately in opposite axial directions. The stator winding of the first electric machine can be enclosed by a U-profile which is open on the rotor side. The U-profile may have radially extending stator side parts. The interrotor may comprise disc-shaped side parts. The claw end parts, the disc-shaped side parts and the stator side parts are part of a common magnetic flux. The aforementioned components are mechanically discrete, so separated from each other, but they carry a common magnetic flux. Furthermore, the U-profile may be part of the first stator. The disk-shaped side parts may be part of the inter-rotor and the claw end parts may be part of the first rotor. By means of an embodiment of an exhaust-gas turbocharger according to the preceding embodiment, it can be achieved that no torques act between the stator and the inter-rotor.

The disk-shaped side parts can consist of two separate concentrically arranged sections, wherein a first section is part of the inter-rotor and a second section is part of the first rotor. By connecting the claw end parts to the second part of the disc-shaped side parts, the magnetic coupling between the claw end parts can be improved.

The interrotor may comprise permanent magnetic elements, and be formed with respect to the first rotor in the manner of a permanent magnetically excited external rotor synchronous machine. Such a configured exhaust gas turbocharger is characterized mainly by a high power density and high efficiency. The electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger may comprise permanent magnetic material. In particular, the permanent magnetic material can be made of a samarium-cobalt alloy. Samarium cobalt permanent magnet elements have a high Curie temperature and are therefore particularly suitable for use at high operating temperatures.

- The first and the second electric machine may each be connected to a first and a second inverter. The inverters in turn may be connected to a control unit, or may be interconnected by means of the control unit. By means of such a circuit of the first and second electric machine, a precise control of the electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger is possible, in particular optimal operating points for the compressor and the turbine can be adjusted.

- The claw end parts can be laminated. By having the claw end parts laminated, eddy currents and associated eddy current losses occurring in these parts can be reduced.

- The Klauenendteile can be connected by means of a potting compound with a magnetically non-conductive support structure. By means of the abovementioned measure, the mechanical properties of the claw end parts, in particular with regard to their durability at high rotational speeds of the exhaust gas turbocharger, can be improved.

Furthermore, according to the invention, a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine and an electromagnetic turbocharger according to one of the preceding embodiments will be the. In this case, the turbine in the exhaust stream of the internal combustion engine, and the compressor in the supply air duct of the internal combustion engine is arranged. By means of the compressor is a compression of fresh air for the internal combustion engine. Advantageously, with the aforementioned measures, a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine can be specified, which in particular has improved performance in the lower rpm range of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine has a compact design.

Further advantageous embodiments of the electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger according to the invention and of the motor vehicle according to the invention are apparent from the subclaims not mentioned above and from FIGS. 2 to 7 of the drawing explained below.

This show their

FIG. 1 shows a detail of the stator of a claw-pole machine in FIG

Perspective view, according to the prior art, Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through an electromagnetic

FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger shown in FIG. 2,

4 shows the electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger shown in Figure 2 in perspective view,

5 shows a further electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger in longitudinal section,

FIG. 6 shows the electromagnetic exhaust-gas turbocharger known from FIG. 5 in a perspective view and FIG

7 shows a schematic representation of the mechanical, magnetic and electrical energy flows in an electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger according to an embodiment.

1 shows a part of the stand of a claw-pole machine in perspective view, according to the prior art ("Handbook Electric Small Drives", Kallenbach, Stölting, Hanser Verlag, p.113). Such a claw-pole machine has stator windings 101, 102, which consist of U-shaped profiles 103, 104 are surrounded, which are open on the rotor side. Part of the U-shaped profiles 103, 104 are stator side parts 105, 106, which are followed by claw end parts 107a, 107b and 108a, 108b. The claw end parts 107a, 107b and 108a, 108b each form together with the associated stator side part

105 and 106 a common component. The claw end portions 107a, 107b, 108a, 108b each form a magnetic pole. According to the claw-pole machine shown in FIG. 1, the claw end portions 107a, 107b form magnetic north poles and the claw end portions 108a, 108b form magnetic south poles. The aforementioned magnetic poles are associated with the stator winding 101. The claw end parts associated with the stator winding 102, which likewise form magnetic north or south poles, are configured in the same way. Shown is a two-phase claw pole machine, but the mechanical construction of the claws is also applicable to claw pole machines having more than two phases.

FIG. 2 shows an electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger 200 according to one exemplary embodiment. A turbine 201, which is arranged in an exhaust gas flow, is connected to a first shaft 203. Preferably, the turbine 201 is disposed in the exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine. A compressor 202 is mechanically connected to a second shaft 204, and is preferably arranged in the supply air duct of an internal combustion engine. The first shaft 203 and the second shaft 204 are rotatably supported about a common axis A.

The electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger 200 further comprises a first and a second electric machine 205 or 206. The first electric machine 205 comprises a rotor 207, which in turn comprises at least the first shaft 203 and a system of permanent magnetic elements 208.

The first electric machine 205 further comprises a first stator 209 with preferably ring-coil-shaped stator windings 210a, 210b, 210c. In the axial direction laterally of the stator windings 210a, 210b, 210c are stator side parts 211al and 211a2. In the following, only the stator side parts associated with the stator winding 210a will be referred to. The same applies, however, to the corresponding stator side parts of the remaining stator windings 210b, 210c.

The stator windings 210a, 210b, 210c are enclosed by a common yoke body 212 in the circumferential direction. A respective section of the yoke body 212 and the stator side parts 211al, 211a2 can surround the stator winding 210a, 210b, 210c in such a way that they form a magnetically closed U-profile. Such a closed magnetic U-profile, which is open in the direction of the axis A, can also be represented by further magnetic flux-conducting components not shown explicitly in FIG. It is crucial that a magnetic inference between the stator side parts, which are arranged in the axial direction on both sides of the stator windings 210a, 210b, 210c, given by the magnetic flux conducting parts. Between the stator side parts 211al, 211a2 of different stator windings 210 spacers 213 of magnetically non-conductive material can be arranged.

The first electric machine 205 further comprises an interrotor 214. The interrotor 214 may in turn comprise disc-shaped side parts 215al, 215a2, of which only one pair is explicitly illustrated in FIG. Analogous statements, however, apply to the remaining disk-shaped side parts assigned to the corresponding stator windings 210b and 210c or to the corresponding stator side parts. The disk-shaped side parts 215al, 215a2, which may be part of the inter-rotor 214, together with the stator side parts 211a1, 211a2 form part of a common magnetic flux. The magnetic flux originating from the stator side parts 211al, 211a2 bridges, more or less unhindered, the gap between the first stator 209 and the interrupter 214. The disk-shaped side parts 215al, 215a2 can be followed by claw end parts. Similar to the construction of a claw-pole machine, a number of claws respectively connected to the stator side part 215al form magnetic north poles, respectively, while a number of claws connected to the side part 215a2 form a number of south magnetic poles.

Alternatively, only the claw end parts may be parts of the inner rotor 214 without them being connected to each other with a disc-shaped side part 215al, 215a2 undernender.

The claw end portions may be disposed on the interrotor 214 in the manner of a claw pole machine. So they can extend in alternating axial directions. The claw end parts can furthermore be designed to suppress eddy currents and associated power losses. Furthermore, the claw end parts can be connected by means of a casting compound with a magnetically non-conductive support structure. The holding structure may be constructed of magnetically non-conductive sheets. The connection between the claw end parts and the support structure can be done with an injection molding process with plastic or with a vacuum casting process with casting resin.

Between the disk-shaped side parts 215al, 215a2, spacers 213 made of a magnetically nonconductive material may furthermore be present. The entire interrotor 214 may also be encapsulated by means of a potting compound to form an integrated component.

The first electric machine 205 further comprises a rotor 207, which comprises at least the first shaft 203. Along the circumference of the first shaft 203, a system of permanent magnetic elements 208 may be arranged. The permanent magnetic elements 208 may in particular be made of samarium cobalt. The interaction between the interrotor 214 and the rotor 207 may be done in the manner of a permanent magnet synchronous machine excited. Alternatively, the interaction between the first rotor 207 and the interrotor 214 may be in the manner of a reluctance machine. Further alternatively, the interaction between the first rotor and the interrotor 214 may be in the manner of an asynchronous machine. Accordingly, the first rotor 207 can optionally be designed in the manner of a permanent-magnetically excited synchronous machine, a reluctance machine or an asynchronous machine.

The stator winding 210a, 210b, 210c may be electrically connected to, and further controllable by, a first inverter 216.

The electromagnetic turbocharger 200 shown in FIG. 2 also has a second electric machine 206. The second electric machine 206 has a second stator

217 and a second rotor. The second rotor has a second shaft 204. The second electric machine 206 may be configured in the manner of a synchronous machine, asynchronous machine or reluctance machine. In particular, the second electric machine 206 may be another, not explicitly mentioned, electric machine generally known from the prior art.

The stator winding of the second electric machine 206, which is not detailed in FIG. 2, may be electrically connected to a second converter 218. The second inverter

218 may serve to excite and / or control the stator winding of the second electric machine 206.

The interrotor 214 and the second shaft 204 form a common component. By such a configuration of the electromagnetic turbocharger 200, a transmission of forces acting on the turbine 210 to the compressor 202 can take place such that forces are transmitted between the first rotor 207 and the interrotor 214 on a magnetic path. By means of the second electric machine 206, the compressor 202 can continue to receive additional energy.

The first and second inverters 216, 218 are electrically connected to each other via a control unit 219. An energy transfer from the turbine 201 to the compressor 202 can thus take place not only on a magnetic path between the first rotor 207 and the interrotor 214. Furthermore, electrical energy can be transmitted from the first machine 205 to the second electric machine 206 via the first and second inverters 216, 218 and the control unit 219. In this way, it is possible to remove electrical energy from the exhaust gas flow which drives the turbine 201, to temporarily store this in the control unit, which may comprise an energy store, for example in a battery, and possibly to the compressor 202 at a later time to supply the second machine 206. Such a control can be carried out in particular depending on the speed of an internal combustion engine.

If an electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger 200, as shown in FIG. 2, is integrated in an internal combustion engine, the turbine 210 can be driven by the exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the compressor 202 may be placed in the intake air duct of the internal combustion engine. At low speed of the internal combustion engine, energy stored in the control unit 219 via the second electric machine 206 can be supplied to the compressor 202, and thus to the supply air of the internal combustion engine. At high speeds of the internal combustion engine, in which an additional compression of the fresh air of the internal combustion engine does not seem necessary, can be determined by the in the exhaust stream of the combustion engine Engine arranged turbine 201 are withdrawn energy from the exhaust stream of the internal combustion engine, and in an energy storage, which is part of the control unit 219, are stored. Alternatively, the electrical energy thus obtained can be supplied to further consumers.

FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the electromagnetic exhaust-gas turbocharger 200 from FIG. 2, along the section A-A. The cut is made by the first electric machine 205.

FIG. 3 shows the components of the first electric machine 205 arranged concentrically with respect to the axis A, namely their stator 209, interrotor 214 and rotor 207.

The stator 209 has a yoke body 212 which encloses the stator winding 210b along the circumference. The stator winding 210 is contacted by means of a power supply 301.

The interrotor 214 has claw end portions 302a, 302b held by or embedded in a magnetically non-conductive support structure 303.

The claw end portions 302a, 302b shown in cross section form alternating magnetic poles. For example, the claw end portion 302a may be a magnetic north pole and the claw end portion 302b may be a south magnetic pole.

Furthermore, FIG. 3 shows the cross section of the first rotor 207 of the first electric machine 205. The first rotor 207 comprises a rotor body 304 in which permanent-magnetic elements 208 can be integrated. The rotor body 304 is mechanically connected to the first shaft 203. The connection can be screwed, welded or otherwise mechanically realized, likewise the rotor body 302 can be pressed onto the first shaft 203. FIG. 4 shows an electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger 200 in perspective view, as already known from FIG. To a first shaft 203, a turbine 201 is connected, which is located in an exhaust gas stream and can be driven by this. The first shaft 203 and a system of permanent magnets 208 disposed circumferentially on it are part of the first rotor 207. The second shaft 204 is connected to a compressor 202, which can be arranged in particular in the supply air duct of an internal combustion engine for the compression of fresh air for the internal combustion engine , The first shaft 203 and the second shaft 204 are supported by means of a plurality of bearings 401, preferably ball bearings, against each other or against another static component. The first electric machine 205 further has an interrotor 214, which forms a common component with the second shaft 204. The first electric machine 205 further has a first stator with stator windings 210a, 210b, 210c and corresponding disk-shaped stator parts 211al, 211a2 associated with the stator windings, and a yoke body 212 closing the magnetic flux.

FIG. 5 shows an electromagnetic exhaust-gas turbocharger 200 according to a further exemplary embodiment. The illustrated electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger has a first and a second electrical machine 205, 206. The electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger 200 is also connected to a turbine 201 and a compressor 202. The exemplary embodiment of an electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger 200 shown in FIG. 5 differs from the exemplary embodiment of an electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger 200 shown in FIG. 2 by the configuration of the first electric machine 205, which will be discussed in detail below.

The first electric machine 205 'has a stator 209, which in the same or similar manner as the stator 209, the first electric machine shown in Figure 2 205 is configured. Furthermore, the first electrical machine 205 'has an interrotor 501, which has magnetically conducting, disk-shaped side parts 502 and permanent-magnetic elements 208. The permanent magnetic elements 208 may be implemented as Hallbach magnets with magnetization directed in the direction of the axis A. Furthermore, the permanent magnetic elements 208 may be designed as radially or diametrically magnetized magnets with iron yoke. The magnetic-flux-guiding disc-shaped side parts 502 can furthermore be separated from one another by means of magnetically non-conductive spacers 213.

The first electrical machine 205 'also has a first rotor 207'. The first rotor 207 'may have, in addition to the first shaft 203, magnetically-guiding disc-shaped side parts as well as claw end parts adjoining the latter. Also, the first rotor 207 'may have only the claw end portions, which are not connected by a disc-shaped side part with each other.

The interrotor 501 and the first rotor 207 ', the first electric machine 205' shown in FIG. 5, may interact with each other in the manner of a permanently excited external rotor synchronous machine. In this way, forces can be transmitted magnetically between the first rotor 207 'and the interrotor 501, which forms a common component together with the second shaft 204. The claw end parts, which are part of the first rotor 207 ', can be cast together with an unspecified magnetically non-conductive support structure using a potting compound to a common component. The disk-shaped magnet-flux-carrying side parts, which are also part of the first rotor 207 ', can furthermore be separated from one another by means of magnetically non-conductive spacers 213.

FIG. 6 shows the electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger 200 known from FIG. 5 in a perspective view. It is among other things The first electrical machine 205 ', which has, in addition to the stator already known from the previous figures, an interrotor 501 which has permanent-magnetic elements 208. The interrotor furthermore has magnetically conducting disc-shaped side parts 502 arranged in the axial direction laterally of these permanent-magnetic elements 208. The magnetic-flux-guiding disc-shaped side parts 502 can furthermore be magnetically separated from one another by magnetically non-conductive spacers 213. The rotor of the first electric machine 205 'can likewise have magnetically-guiding disk-shaped side parts and adjoining claw end parts. The rotor of the first electric machine 205 'may also comprise only the claw end parts, which are not interconnected by a disc-shaped side part. The magnetic-flux-guiding disc-shaped side parts 502 and the stator side parts 211al, 211a2 are part of a common magnetic flux. Mechanically, however, the disk-shaped side parts 502 and the stator side parts 211al, 211a2 are separated from each other. The magnetic flux emanating from the stator side parts 211 traverses the gap between the stator and the interrotor 501 as well as the gap between the interrotor 501 and the rotor 207.

The electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger according to the embodiments shown in Figures 2 to 6, for example, may have a total diameter of 53 mm and an approximate total length minus the turbine and the compressor of 60 mm.

Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of the electrical, magnetic and mechanical energy flows between the individual components of an electromagnetic turbocharger 200 according to one of the aforementioned embodiments.

In the following, a mechanical energy transfer by a solid arrow, a magnetic energy transfer by a dashed arrow and an electrical Energy transfer indicated by a dash-dotted arrow.

Starting from the turbine 201, energy is mechanically transferred to the first rotor 207 of the first electric machine 205, 205 '. Magnetically, energy is transferred from the first rotor 207 (mediated via the claw end portions) to the interrotor 214 and the second shaft 204 connected to the interrotor 214. With the second shaft 204, the compressor 202 is mechanically connected, so that the energy transfer between the second shaft 204 and the compressor 202 takes place mechanically.

As an alternative to the magnetic energy transfer between the first rotor 207 and the interrotor 214, energy may be inductively / electrically transmitted to the second stator 209. Electrically, power is transferred from the first stator 209 to the first inverter 216. This electrical energy can be temporarily stored in the control unit 219 or, if necessary, transmitted to the second converter 218 in a controlled manner by the control unit 219. By electrical means, energy can thus be transmitted via the second converter 218 to the second stator 217. Between the second stator 217 and the second rotor 206 and the second shaft 204, the energy transfer takes place by magnetic means. Again mechanically, the energy from the second shaft is transferred to the compressor 202.

According to a further embodiment, the electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger 200 according to one of the embodiments, a part of a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine, wherein the turbine 201 is disposed in the exhaust stream of the internal combustion engine and the compressor 202 in the supply air duct of the internal combustion engine. By means of the compressor 202, a compression of fresh air for the internal combustion engine can take place. Departing from the operating state of the internal combustion engine, electric power from the energy store, which is part of the control unit 219, can be added to the second shaft 204 and thus to the compressor 202 electrically and magnetically, for example, at low rotational speeds of the internal combustion engine. Alternatively, at high rotational speeds of the internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas flow can be deprived of energy so that it can be supplied to an energy store within the control unit 219 or alternatively to other consumers of the motor vehicle by magnetic and electrical means.

Claims

claims

1. Electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger (200) with

a first shaft (203) which is mechanically connected to a turbine (201) driven by an exhaust gas flow,

a second shaft (204) mechanically connected to a compressor (202),

- a first electric machine (205, 205 ') having a first stator (209), an interrotor (214, 501) and a first shaft having the first rotor (207, 207'), wherein the first stator (209) the interrotor (214, 501) and the interrotor (214, 501) the first rotor (207, 207 ') each enclosing an annular gap and enclose

- A second electric machine (206) with a second stator (217) and a second, the second shaft (204) having rotor, wherein - the interrotor (214, 501) and the second rotor form a common component and

- The first and the second electrical machine (205, 205 ', 206) are electrically connected together.

2. Electromagnetic turbocharger (200) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first electrical machine (205, 205 ') is designed in the manner of a claw pole machine.

3. Electromagnetic turbocharger (200) according to claim 2, characterized in that

the magnetic north and south poles of the claw-pole machine are formed by claw end parts (302) which extend alternately in opposite axial directions, - the stator winding (210) is open from a rotor side

U-profile with radially extending stator side parts (211) is enclosed, wherein - The stator side parts (211) and the Klauenendteilen (302) are part of a common magnetic flux path and

- The U-profile is part of the first stator (209) and the Klauenendteile (302) are part of the inter-rotor (214, 501).

4. An electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger (200) according to claim 3, characterized in that

the claw end portions (302) forming the north magnetic poles and the claw end portions (302) forming the south magnetic poles are each connected to a disc-shaped radially extending side portion (215), and

- The stator side parts (211), the disc-shaped side parts (215) and the Klauenendteile (302) are part of a common magnetic flux path, wherein the U-profile is part of the first stator (209) and the disc-shaped side parts (215) and the Claw end parts (302) are parts of the inter-rotor.

5. Electromagnetic turbocharger (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first rotor (207, 207 ') is designed in the manner of a permanent-magnetically excited synchronous machine.

6. Electromagnetic turbocharger (200) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first rotor (207, 207 ') is designed in the manner of a reluctance machine.

7. An electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first rotor (207, 207 ') is formed in the manner of an asynchronous machine.

8. An electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger (200) according to claim 2, characterized in that the magnetic north and south poles of the claw-pole machine are formed by claw end parts (302) which extend alternately in opposite axial directions,

- The stator winding (210) is enclosed by a rotor-side open U-shaped profile, which has in the radial direction extending stator side parts (211) and

- the interrotor (214, 501) comprises disc-shaped side parts (215), wherein - the stator side parts (211), the disc-shaped side parts (215), and the claw end parts (302) are part of a common magnetic flux path, and

the U-profile is part of the first stator (209), the disk-shaped side parts (215) are part of the inter-rotor (214, 501) and the claw end parts (302) are part of the first rotor (207, 207 ').

9. An electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger (200) according to claim 8, characterized in that the disc-shaped side parts (215) consist of two separate, concentrically arranged sections, wherein a first portion is part of the inter-rotor (214, 501) and a further portion of the part first rotor (207, 207 ').

10. An electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger (200) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the interrotor (214, 501) is designed in the manner of a permanent magnetically excited outer rotor synchronous machine.

11. An electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by permanent magnetic material of a samarium - cobalt - alloy.

12. An electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first electrical machine (205, 205 ') with a first Umrich- ter (216) and the second electric machine (206) is connected to a second converter (216, 218), wherein the first and second converters (216, 218) are each connected to a control unit (219).

13. An electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger (200) according to any one of claims 3 to 12, characterized in that the claw end portions (302) are laminated.

14. An electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger (200) according to any one of claims 3 to 12, characterized in that the claw end portions (302) are connected by means of a potting compound with a magnetically non-conductive support structure (303).

15. Motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine and an electromagnetic exhaust gas turbocharger (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the turbine (201) is arranged in the exhaust stream of the internal combustion engine and the compressor (202) in the supply air duct of the internal combustion engine, for the compression of fresh air for the Combustion engine, is arranged.